1

1
1 .


,

( )
.

,
. ( )
( ) ,
,
, ,
.

1. 1
1)
( )
( , , )
( , )

( , , )
) 1,000 800
2)
( m)
( f/ )
( /m in, /Hr, ton/Hr / s)
( )

1.2

HES
MP
M
PLP
IFW

UCW

ULP
SVK

(KSB 7501, 10 f/ )

. ( CL OSE COUPLED PUM P, ,
)
In- Line Pump
ISO 2858 PROCE SS ( 16 f/ )
API 610 (52 f/ ,
CE NT ERLINE SUPPORT )

(Non- Clog gin g)

HNC

IFS

HRP

SEM I- OPEN PROCE SS
(ISO 2858 , 16 f/ )
( , )
.
HE S SUM P

HT M

(30 f/ )
BALANCE DISC T YPE

M SS

HSB/HDB

70% ,

VSD

HT M - V
VT M
VT B

(50 f/ )
( ,
)
HT M
S UM P
(Bar rel)
(COP ), 1

VLT /VMT

NPSH, API 610 )

(Bar rel)

SSP

(Self Prim ing)

HDR

(KSB 6318)

KS

HDR

API 610
(52 f/ , CENT E RLINE SUPPORT )
REP ( , ,

(BW/ IP) NPSH )

HDR
HDR- V

HMF
VMF

HM F
(CWP)

VY/VZ

HAF

( , )

VAF

HAF

(BACK PULL OUT )

D- Ser ies , , ,

SM A

VP

, PROPELLE R

Priming

2.

.
2. 1
1 ) (KSB 7 501, 1 0K)
. ,
, , ,
.

10101

301

10102

404

10103

402

10106

501

10202

503

20101

1. 1 HE S

2) P RO CES S (IS O 2858 , 16 K)

16 / G
.
( BACK PULL OUT ) ,
, (M/ SEAL) .
.

001

051

016

053- 1,2

018- 1

(1)

056

018- 2

(2)

107- 1,2

021

111

( M/S EAL)

031

256

(T RICO)

042

285

1 .2 IFW

3 ) S EMI- OP EN P ROCE SS (ISO 28 58, 16K)

16 f/ G (SLURRY)
.
( SEM I- OPE N) , ( BACK PULL OUT )
, ,
(M/ SEAL) ,
.

001

051

016

053

018- 1

( 1)

056

018- 2

( 2)

093

021

111

(M /SE AL)

031

256

( T RICO)

042

285

1.3 IFS

4 ) (AP I 610 , 52K)

API 610 , 52 f/ G
, . (CENT E RL INE
MOUNT ING) .
(BACK PULL OUT ) ,
(M /SEAL) ,

.

001

042

016

051

018- 1

( 1)

053- 1,2

018- 2

( 2)

056- 1,2

021

068

(FLINGER)

025- 1,2

107- 1,2

031

111

( M/S EAL)

1. 4 UCW

5)
( OPEN) (BRACKET M OUNT ING)

. ,
.
, .

001

053- 1,2,3

008

056- 1,2

012

071- 1,2

021

090

031

119

041

255

051

285

1 .5 ULP

10

2. 2

Floor Pit Dry pit
, .
.

1.6 VS D

101

104

20101

20108

20112

90

301

302/ 303

501

60101

60103

60201

60209

60210

60301

70102

11

2 . 3
1)
(Ring Sec tion ) .

.
( Ba lan ce h ole )
.

101

30102

102

30103

103/104

30104

203

402

204

406

30101

1.7 HTM

12

2 ) (50 f/ , BALANCE DISC T YPE )

( BALANCE DISC T YPE ) ,
, ( 200 )
.
( M/ SEAL) ,
. ( SNOW MACHINE)
.

002

003

722- 1

077

005

079

022

056

021

055

031

111

(M /SE AL )

1 .8 MSS

13

2 .4
2 , ( DE- SCALE) , ,
, -
.
,
,
,
.
, (T ILT ING
PAD) , ,
(M /SE AL ) .

101

102

107

103

108

104

109

105

110

106

1. 9 HSB/HDB

14

2 .5

,

(Se lf- Prim ing) .

101

304

102

308

103

401

106

402

201

501

301

505

1 .10 S S P

15

2.6
1) (KS B 6318 )

,
,
, .

105.1

105.2

360.1/361

452.1

211

461

234

502

321

524

350.1

1 .11 HDR

16

2 ) (AP I 610 , 52K)

API 610 , 52 f/ G
, . (CENT E RLINE
MOUNT ING) .
, ,
(M/ SEAL) ,
.

001

048

016

051

018

053- 1,2

021

055,056

025- 1,2

067

031

107- 1,2

042

111

(M /SE AL)

1.12 KS

17

3) (Re a c tor Fe e d P um p )
(DOUBLE VOLUT E ) ,
, NPS H
.
, (PIVOT SHOE T HRUST BE AT ING)
.
.

058

059

205,205- 1

279

167

287,288

176

314

1 .13 HDR

18

2 .7
Dry Pit
.

105.1

360/361

105.2

452

182

461

211

502

234

503

321

545

350

1. 14 HDR- V

19

2 .8
90
, .
,
(Bow l) .

106

171

360

452

211

461

233

502

321

545

323

840

350

1 .15 HMF

20

2 .9
,
.
, .
.

138

1 .16 VMF

144

171

233

341

350

383

451

452

461

545

711

840

853

21

2 .10 Ba rr e l ( )
API 610 (DOUBLE CAS ING)
.
VLT /VMT
( NPSHr e)
.
,

.

1.1 7 VLT/ VMT

72

77
78

79

82

103

167
176

176- 1

243

256

382
383

529

()

530

()

532

538
676

744

O-

744- 1

22

2 .11
1)
. Dou ble M/s ea l
(O- ) , Vortex /Se mi- Ope n/Non
- Clog ging , .
(Auto- Cut)
, .

816

817

200

814

001

005

021

111

( M/ SEAL)

830

174

811

848

1. 18 DVS

23

2 ) ( )

COM PACT . DOUBLE M /SE AL O- RING
,
,
.
.
.

P09

P04

P11

P08

(PROPELL ER)

P02

(M /SE AL)

R05

R02

R01

SUN

R04

M15

M16

M17

M09

M01

CONT ROL

M19

1. 19 SAM

24

2 .12

,
Pr imin g , .

101

301

102

399

201

401

205

402

206

404

207

1. 20 VP

25

2 .13
(HES) ( )

, , ,
,
.

501

306

10207

80101

502

20202

10203

20101

20205

301

1. 21 M

26

2 .14
O- RING ,
,

01

23A

06

29

07

40

13

71A

19

75

20

43A

O- RING

1. 22 HRP

27

3.
3. 1
,
, .
3 .1. 1
( 1)
,
2 .

1.2 3
(2)

, 3
.

1.2 4

28

( 3)

.

1.2 5
( 4)
( ) ,
.
.

1.2 6
3 .1. 2
( 1) (Close)
( ) 1.14
1.16 .

1.2 7

29

( 2) (Ope n)
,
.

1.2 8
( 3) ( Non- Clogg ing)
1 3 , ,
.

1.2 9
(4) (Bla deles s)
,
.

1.3 0

30

( 5) (Ba lanc e)


(Bala nce Hole )
.

1 .31
( 6)

,
.

1. 32
( 7) (Vortex )

.

1 .33

31

3 .2
( 1)

(Bowl)

.
.
( 2) ( , )
.
( 3) ( )
( ).

.
( 4) ( )

.
( 5)
.

1 .34

1 .35

( 6) (S ide Cove r) (
HES ), ( HT M), ( HDR) ,
.
3 .3 ( )

32

.
.

1.3 6
3 .4

.

(Flex ible) , (Rigid) ,
.
3 .5
( , )
.
( ) ,
,
.
.
3 .6
3 .6. 1
( Un bala nce ) ( 1.28a )

33

, (Ba ianc e)
( 1.28b) ( Ba la nce Holes)
.

1.3 7

3.6. 2 (Ba c k Va n e )

.

1.3 8

34

3 .6. 3 (Ba la n c e Dis c )

( 1)
(6010) (2300) ( 2100)
(6010)
(1) .

1.3 9
( 2)
P2 T
P2 (2) P2
(3) P1 ( 2)
P0 . , ( 6010) P1- P0
A A=T "
.
T A (6010)
P1 A T
. T A
(6010) P1

35

A T . T

.
3 .6. 4 (Se lf Ba la nc e )

.

1.4 0
4. EBARA

HES ( )
21800/ Hr

90m
,

,
KS B 7501 , Back Pull- Out
. 90

.

36

IFW ( )
21440/ Hr

140m
,

ISO 2858 , 16kg/ G()

200

IFS ( SLURRY )
2720/ Hr

135m
,

,
ISO 2858 , 16kg/ G(
) 200
SLURRY .
(S emi- open Im peller)

UCW ( P ROCESS )
21920/ Hr

380m
,

,
AP I 610 , 52kg/ G()
, ,
.
(Centerline S upport )

37

MP ()
3170/ Hr

330m
,

,
.

PLP ()
4140/ Hr

633m
,

,
,,
. 2

.

ULP ( )

181000/Hr

135m

95

38

S VK ( )
50800/ Hr

1580m
,

,
Semi- Open
Back Pull- Out
.

HNC ( )
20300/ Hr

230m
,

5070%

.

HRP ( )
900/ Hr

110m
,
,

O- Ring

,
.

39

VS D ( )
3900/ Hr

350m

HS B/ HDS ( )

170kg/

, DE- SCALE,
,

, ( 6000rpm )


.
MS S ( )
3400/ Hr

100500m

( 50 k g f/ )

,
S NOW M ACHINE

COM PACT
,
,

.

40

HT M ( )
3540/ Hr

5380m

,
,

,
.
HT M - V ( )

3100/ Hr

5200m

,
,

HT M
.
VLT /VM T ( )

M AX. 1600/ Hr

M AX. 1060m

M AX. 102kgf/

M AX. 175

AP I 610

DOUBLE CA-

SING" .

NP SHre
,

.

41

VT B ( )

3540/ Hr

2240m

.
VT M ( )
3540/ Hr

4240m

1 Wet

pit Dry pit

.

SSP ( )
670/ Hr

570m

Priming

42

HDR (, )

MAX. 6800/ Hr

MAX. 700m

MAX. 105kgf/

MAX. 230

DOUBLE VOLUTE .
NP SH
.

.
KS ( PROCES S )
605500/ Hr

550m
,
,

AP I 610 , 52kg/ G()

, ,
.

HDR ( )

15012000/ Hr

15150m

43

HDR- V ( )

15012000/ Hr

15150m

HDR
,
.

HM F ( )

90060000/ Hr

880m

,

. ,

.
VM F ( )

90060000/ Hr

880m

HM F ,
.

44

VY/ VZ ( )

780 / Hr

8.0150.0m

(CMP )
,

CLOS E SEMIOPEN

IM PELLER

BACK- PULL OUT T YP E

.


VARIABLE VANE T YPE
.
,
DRY BEAR ING
.

HAF ( )

50040000/ Hr

2.28m

,
,

,
,
,
.

45

VAF ( )

50040000/ Hr

2.28m

, ,
,

HAF
.

SM A ( )

50040000/ Hr

2.28.0m

, , COMP ACT
, DOUBLE
M/ S EAL O- RING

46

D- Series ( )

290/ Hr

237m

.
VP ()

0.22240/ Hr

15100m

P rim ing,
,

,
.

M- Pump ( )

270/ Hr

35m

, ,
,

, ,

, ,

47

1.
1 .1
1) .
KS B 6301 . (
.) ,
, 2.1
.
2)
A , B , C

,
0 A
0 , C

48

3) Q
, , , ,
.
4)

5) (H- Q )
, p .
H- Q H- Q
. 2.2 .

1 .2

1)
a)

. , ,
3 , .
Ns

Q
H

1/ 2

, n :

(2. 1)

3/4

rpm

Q :

/m in

H :

. ,
, 1
.

49

( )

Q = 14 /m in,

H = 100m

n : 1750 rpm

1
Ns = 1 75 0

1/2

14

1 00

17 5 0 3 . 74
= 20 7
3 1 . 62

3/4

2
Ns = 1 75 0

1/2

14
50

17 5 0 3 . 74 = 34 8
1 8 . 80

3/4

1
Ns = 1 75 0

1 00

1/ 2

3/4

1 75 0 2 . 65
= 14 6
31 . 6 2

b)
Ns , ,
Ns . m . /m in, r pm ,
Ns 2.1 .

2. 1 Ns
Q

/m in

l/s

/s

ft /m in

ft

ft

ft

rpm

Ns

US g al/ min Imp.ga l/min

4.083

0.129

2.438

6.668

6.084

0.245

0.0316

0.597

1.635

1.492

7.746

31.6

18.82

51.50

47.20

0.410

1.673

0.053

2.730

2.500

0.15

0.611

0.09135

0.365

0.915

0.164

0.670

0.0212

0.400

1.092

c)
(m , /m in, rpm )
.

50

d)
( H , Q, n ) , Ns
.
Ns ,
Ns . ,
Ns Ns .
,

.

51

2) 2)
a) ,
,
.

Q'
=
Q

n '
n

H '
=
H

( nn ' )

L '
=
L

Q' H '
Q H

( DD ' )
2

( 2. 2)

( DD ' )
p
p'

( nn ' )

( 2. 3)
3

( DD ' )

p
p

'

( 2. 4)

L :
n :
D : ( )
p

b ) 1
D' /D=1 ,

Q ' = Q
H ' = H

L '= L

=1 .

( nn ' )
n '
n

( 2. 5)

( )
n '
n

( )

(2. 6)

(2. 7)

, Q, H, L Q' , H' , L' 1 , 2 , 3

, 2.5 .

)
p

= 1 .

52

3)
a) ,

. ( ,
.)

b ) KS B 6325
.
) Re ynold Re /

Re

1 15 .

) Hm /H
.

0.5,

Hm /H

0.8

) 300 .
)
.
c)
.

53

n
n

D
D

1/ 2

( )( ) ( )
n
D
= H
(n ) ( D ) ( )
n
D
= L
(n ) ( D ) ( )
= 1 - (1 )
( DD )
=

2p

2m

1/ 2

2p

2m

(2. 8)
(2. 9)

2p

2m

( 2. 10)

1/ 5

2m

( 2. 11)

2p

: ( / min)

: ( / m in)
: ( m kg f/ )

: (m k gf/ )

2p

2m

: (m )

: (%)

: (%)

: (kg f/ )

: (k gf/ )

: (KW)
: (KW)
: ( rpm)
: (rpm )
: (m )

1 .3

.
. , , ,
.
Ns .
Ns 0
( ) ( 2.6( a)) .
Ns Ns

54

( 2.6(b) ). , - Ns

( 2.6( c)). Ns
.

55

1 .4
1.2,2),b)
.

20%
. n n' 2.7, 2.8 ( ),
( ) ( ), ( ) , n
H, Q, L NPSHre
n' H' , Q' , L' NPSHr e'
.

Q' = Q

( nn ' )

H '= H

( nn ' )

L'= L

( nn ' )

(2. 5)
2

( 2. 6)

N P S H re ' = N P S H r e

( 2. 7)

( nn ' )

(2. 12)

KS B 6301 ,
. ,
.

2.9 , Sys tem
- (H- Q ) , ( )
( ) A( Q) ,
( ) A' ( Q' ) ,
( ) ( ) a ( q) .
2.7 ( ) q b . ,

.
)

2.

56

1 .5


,
.
,

. D D'
( 2.10 )
. 2.11
D' /D .
(Ns)
,
. ,

, ,
.
D ( ) , D'
( ) ( ) A( Q, H)
( ) A' ( Q' , H' )

57

Q
Q'

( DD ' )

H
H '

( DD ' )

(2. 13)
2

( 2. 14)

, Q, H D 2 A, A' 2.11
O .
,
, .

.
. , 2.10
P
.


.

58

1.6

, KS B 6301 KS B 6306
.

. , ,

.
1)
,
, , ,
.
2)
40
, ,
( ) , H- Q
,
.
( /m in)

= ( /m in)

( m)

= ( m)

59

( Kgf/ ) = ' / [ (Kg f/ )]

[M Pa] = ' / [ (M Pa)]
( KW) = ' / [ (KW)]
= ' / [ (KW)]
: ( Kgf/ )
{ ' : (Kg/ ) }
: (Kgf/ )
{ : ( Kg / )}
3)
,

,
.
,
. , ,
2.12 .
a)

KS B 6306 HI(Ame rica n Hy dra ulic Insta nda rd) Standa rd
, (Open Clos e )
, .
b)
, 1.12
, ,

, C

, C

.
)
0. 6

, 0 .8

, 1 .0

. (
) 2.12

, 1. 2

Q
n

, H

m, % 2.12

.)

sus Cen tistok es

60

(c St) (

:
o

, C

) .

, C
C

= 0 . 61 3

( / min)

(m )

( %)
o

o/

(KW )

(Kgf/ )

61

4) Slurr y
a)
Slur ry
.

62

b)
) 100 2.13(1) A
B .
) : Q o= Q

: H

o
o

( / min)

(m )

( %)

) 100 2.13( 2)
A' B' .
) : Q o= Q

: H

o
o

(%)

B'

: ( /m in)

(m )

(%)

) : L o = 0 . 16 3
o

( m)

A '

( / min)

= S lu rry

o/

(KW)

( Kg f/ )

63

5) Pulp
a)
Pu lp
.
b)
) 2.14(1) 2.14(2) (BD% )
A .
) : Q o= Q

: H

o
o

H
w

( / min)

(m )

A
A

( %)

: ( /m in)

(m )

(%)

64

) : L o = 0 . 16 3

= P u lp

o/

(KW)

(Kgf/ )

) Pulp
Pu lp 2.14(3) .

65

2.
2. 1
100 1
100 ,
.

.
, ,

, .
,
, ,
,
.

. ,

.
2 .2 (NPS H)

66

. (NPSHav )
( NPSHre ) .
NPS H Ne t Positive Suc tion Hea d .
1) (NPS Ha v)

Syste m

NPS H .
a ) NPSHa v
NPSHav =hs v=Ps/ - Pv/ hs - fVs /2g
,
hsv
: (m )

(2.15)

Ps
Pv

: ( Kg f/ abs )
: ( Kg f/ abs )

hs

: ( 2.15 ) ( m)
( (- ), (+))

(Kg f/ )

fVs /2g : (m )
( 4 )
(2.15) NPSHav hs ,
.
2.15 .

67

b) NPSHa v
0 (2.15) .
NPSHav
10 hs fVs /2g
( 2.

16)

c) NPSHa v
) Pv (2.15) .
NPSHav = hs
fVs /2g
(2. 17)

68

hs)

(Pv

Pa

(1+f) Vs /2g

hsv = 1/ 1/ (Pa- Pv) Vs /2g

) Ps( Kg f/ abs ) (2.15) .
NPS Ha v=1/ ( Ps- Pv ) hs- fVs / 2g

(Ps

hs)

Pa

( 2. 18)

(1+f) Vs /2g

hsv = 1/ 1/ (Pa- Pv) Vs /2g

Pa = ( Kg f/ a bs )

d) NPSH
)

( )

20

20

20

(m )

1000

Ps (Kgf/ ab s)

1.0330 10

0.9180 10

1.0330 10

Pv (Kgf/ ab s)

0.0238 10

0.0238 10

0.0238 10

69

(Kg f/ )

998.2

998.2

998.2

hs ( m)

-4

-4

+3

fVs / 2g ( m)

0.7

0.7

0.5

(2.15)

h sv=10.35- 0.24
- 4 - 0.7

h sv =

Ps

Pv

hs- f

V s
2g

=5.41m

hsv=9.2- 0.24 hsv =10.35- 0.24

- 4 - 0.7
+3 - 0.5
=4.26m

=12.61m

( )

20

120( )

(m)

Ps (Kgf/ ab s)

2.0000 10

2.0245 10

Pv (Kgf/ ab s)

0.0238 10

2.0245 10

( Kg f/ )

998.2

943.1

+5

+5

0.7
hsv =20.04- 0.24

0.7
hsv =21.47- 21.47

+5 - 0.7
=24.1m

+5 - 0.7
=4.3m

hs (m )
fVs /2g ( m)

( 2.15)

hsv =

Ps

Pv

hs - f

V s
2g

70

2) (NPSHre)

(NPSHr e) .
2.19 , NPSHre
a- c ' , ,
T hom a .

a)
2.20
3% ( H/ H=0.03)
.

71

b) ( NPSHr e )
)
NPSHre (Hsv ) ,
Hsv Q, n .

S = Q 1/ 2 / Hs v

3/4

(2. 19)

, Q 1/2 . Q
/min, Hsv m, n rpm S Ns
1200 1300 . S=1300 n Q
NPS Hr e 2.21 .

72

, S=1300 NPSHre 2.22

.
NP SH re ' =

N P SH re

NPS Hr e'
NPSHr e

:
: S=1300
:

(2. 20)

73

)
NPSHre
( T homa ) . H, Hsv
T hom a ( ) .
=Hs v/H=NPSHre/ H

(2. 21)

.
, .
S 2.23 .

74

.

.
.

2.24 .

Qo :
Hsv o : NPSHr e

2 .24

) NPSHre

NPSHr e

Non- Clog NPSHre

. ,
.
3)
, ( ),

75

76

,
.
a)
.
.
2.25 .
b)
2.25
.
c)
.
.
. 2.26
.

77

2 .3
1)
[NPSHre (1 ) ]
, [NPS Ha v NPSHr e
(1 ) ] .
( ,NPSHre 0.3 0.5m) .

0.3

2)
NPSHre S ystem NPSHa v .
2.27 NPSH A ,
A ,
.

) NPSHr e .
2 .4
, NPSHre ( )
. HIS( Hy dra ulic
Ins titute Stan da r ds 1975 ) NPSHre 2.28 . ,
NPSHre ( ) NPSHre 1/2
HIS .
.

78

1) 1
a ) NPSHr e 5m .
b ) - 10 Pr opa ne
3.5Kgf/ a bs( A) .
c ) - 10 Pr opa ne A NPSHr e B 1.7m
.
d) NPSHre NPSHr e - 10 Propa ne
NPS Hr e

NPSHre 5- 1.7=3.3m .

79

2) 2
a ) 12.8 Pr opa ne , Pr opa ne
7.0Kgf/ a bs( C) .
b ) - 12.8 Propane C NPSHr e D 2.9m
, ( 2.9m ) NPSHre (5m)dm l 1/ 2
2.5m .
d) NPSHre NPSHre
2.5m NPSHr e 5- 2.5=2.5m .

2 .5

.
1) ,
, NPSHav
.
2) NPSHav 1.3 NPS Hr e .
3)
NPS H NPSHa v
( ) 1/2 .
4)
.
5) NPSHre
.
6) .
, Booster
.

80

7) .
8)

.
9) .
NPSHr e
.
10)
.
11)
.

2.6

. ,

81

.
.
.
18- 8 , 13Cr
.

2.29 . 2.30
.
3
.

3 . (S urgin g)
3.1

,
.

82

3.2
.
1) H- Q 2.31 ( )
.
2) , (
) . ( 2.32 )
3) B .
4) Q .

. A
.

3.3
1) H- Q .
2) . ( A .)
3) H- Q

83

.
4) .

4. (Torqu e)
1
( ) . 1
( )
.

4. 1 ()
,
3 ,
.
, 2
(T ) C . ( 2.33 )

84

( )
. , (T )
(T ) 10 30%
, .C

C D A B C D .

4.2

2.34 ABC ,
n'
, 100% T
.

85

n' D ABDE
. 2.34

,
T , T
. 2.35
A B D E .

4.3
1)
. ,

86

2) Y-
( )

.
3)
GD
. ,
.
4) ,
,
.

5.

87

. 0
,
.

2.37
. 2.36
.

.

,
, ( ) .

5.1 ( )

t .

88

t(

C) =

(1-

p
p

1427

(2. 22)

: Q
: Q (m )
: ( 1Kca l/Kg )

H
C

A
: 1/427 = (Kca l/Kg m)
t : Q ( )
t 10 15 .

,

. Ba lan ce
Ba lan ce Retur n Retu rn
Bala nc e Retur n
t .
1-

t = [ H
427

p
p

Qe
]+ H
Q+ Qe
427

( 2. 23)

Q : t/h
Q e : Re turn ( Bala nce ) t/h

t,

, H

1 , 2 Ba la nce
. Bala nce
t ,
Bala nce
.

5.2
Bala nce Return
Re tu rn

89

t =

T=

H
427

1-

Q+ Q
Q

T 0+ Q e ( T 0+
Q+ Q e

(2. 24)

t)

( 2. 25)

, T Re tu rn
T

( )

Re turn

( )

T
. , T
NPSHre , ( T

t)

5.3

.
Re lief
.
1) Relief
, 50Kg f/ .
Relie f Re tu rn
.
( Relief .)
2) Relief Ch eck
140Kg f/ .
Re lief ,
Relie f Relie f . Re lief
.

90

3) Re lief
Relief Relief ,
2 T a nk . 3- Pas s
, Relie f .
3- Pas s
, Relief Relief T ank
. Relief .

6.
H- Q Q=0 Q=
H- Q
H, Q, KW . ,
.

6. 1
1)
2.38 H- Q

91

R A .
R' B
. R' Q
H- Q
. ( , .)
, C
.
2)
2.39
.
,

.

3)

. ( 2.40 ) , A
Syste m .

92

4)
Q, H 1 , 2
{1.2 2)} , H- Q
2 0 ( 2.41
).
1 , 2 . 2.41
H- Q A ,A ,A
A ,B ,B .

93

5) H- Q
a ) Q=0( ) (
) (
) Q . ( 2.42)
b ) Syste m( )

, .
c)
.

6. 2 ,
2 ,
. 2.43
, , , a . a
R R
. R R

94

.
Sy stem 2
,
. ,
,
.

2)

2.44
H- Q .
2 B , 3
C , B , C
.
A B C .
1
,
a b c .

2.45

95

, H- Q
.

3)
2.46 A

96

, A
Z .
, 2.47 S
A Z
.
, T .

4)
H- Q

97

2.48 .
, A B ,
a b
.
5)
( ) 1
. 2.49 R
1 A .
, A C
Che ck
. , R B
.

6) 2
2.50 2
. R
A ,

B, C

98

R Z A' C'
, 1
B' B" .

.

6.3 ,
1)
2.51 P Ha

99

. R ,R R R
R . ab+ac =de . R
e .
2)
a ) 0
2.52 P B, C 0
. R PB , R PC
R R ,R .
ab+a c=ad . R d ,
Q , Q Q .

b)
2.53 P B, C
Ha , Ha , R PB , R PC
, R ,R R ,
a , Q , Q Q
.

100

c)
2.54 P Ha B , Ha C , Ha
D , PB R ,BC
R , BD R , B A
R Ha A' . BC, BD R
, A' a' Q ,
, R ,R C, D
Q ,Q .

101

d)
2.55 P C B Q
0 . PB
R ,BC R , R O
, R Q K
. R R R
, a .

3)
2.56 A, B R , R
C R D .
AC, BC CD A B
C . C A
, A R A' . B
C B' . A' B'
2 C D . A' +B'
E , R a
Q . Q Q
. A, B, C, D

102

4)
a ) H- Q
.

.
b)

.
) , ,
.
)
.
c ) H- Q

.

103

d) ,
1 ,
.
,

,
.
e)
, ,
.

7 .

,
,
.

7.1
1)

.
2)

, Spac e ,
.

.

104

3)

, .
4)
( 2 ) (
2 : 1) ,
. ,
(8.4 ).
5)

, Full
, Group ,
. ,
.
6)
, , , , , ,
Gra ne,
.

7 .2
1 .
Ma ker ,

.

7.3
1) ,

105

2
.
.

.
2) Pe ak
Pea k Pe ak .
3) Dies el
Diese l .

8.

, ,
.
, ,
,
.

8 .1

Point .
,

.
1) ,
Plan t
2) , , (
)

106

3) Q, H
4) (H, Q )
5) ( )
6) Sca le
7) Valv e On- Off ,

Sys tem .

8) ( )

8 .2
H- Q
, , , , H- Q
, , Sys tem .
Syste m . Initial
Cost Runnin g Cost .

1)
2)

.
)

1) H- Q
.
2) , , ,

3)
.
4) H, Q ,
.

107

108

8 .3
1)
500KW M otor 1%
. 500KW 0.01 24Hr 365 =43,800KWHr
. 1KW Hr =65.8 , 290
.
2)
40m 35m ,
. 40m
100% 35m 100 35/40= 87.5% 12.5%
.
.
.
3)
10 100m
90m 80m 1
2 . 100m
100KW 90m , 80m 90KW , 80KW
10%, 20% .
Dista nce L iner , Sle eve ,
Bala ncing .
4)
(1 )

T ota l

,
.
,
).

( 8.4

109

5)

. H- Q ,
( )


H- Q .
.
. , Belt , ,
( ), 1 , 2 , 2 ,
2 , . 20%
.
. ,
.

2.57 , Pla nt
(H- Q ) ( )

110

(R) A( Q)
( ) , A' ( Q' )
(R) ( ) a( q) .
( ) q b . ( 2.58)
2.58 B b .
3
20% .
b
B' .

8.4

1)
2 3 , (Le ad Pum p & Ma in
Pu mp) Duple x T y pe 50%- 50% 33%- 67% ,
T riple x T ype 33% - 33% - 33% 20% - 40% - 40%
,
.
2)
, , , ,
3)
0 0 0 0 - 0 0

T : 2
D : 4
D : Duplex T ype
T : T r iplex T y pe

111

4)
S ystem

.
S ystem 2.59
, Du ple x, T r ipex Duplex ,
T riple x .

T ype Du ple x T y pe 25% , T r iplex

T ype 11% .

a) DUPLE X T YPE
) Duplex T ype
Duplex T ype ( 50%- 50% ),
50% , 50%
2.60
198.8HP- Hr/Day ( ) , 80%
1 43,305 KW- Hr /Ye ar (=198.8 0.8 0.746 365)
.

112

) Duplex T ype
Duplex T ype ( 33%- 67% ),
No- Flow Shutoff , 33% Le ad
, 33%- 67% 67% Ma in ,
67%
.
, 2.61 150HP- Hr /Da y(
) , 80% 1
32,675KW- Hr /Ye ar (=150 0.8 0.746 365) Duplex T ype
25% .

113

b ) T RIPLE X T YPE
) T r iple x T y pe
T riple x T ype ( 33%- 33%- 33%),
33% , 33%
, 66% 3
2.62 327.5HP- Hr /Da y(
) , 80% 1
71,340 KW/ Hr /Ye ar (=327.5 0.8 0.746 365) .

) T r iple x T y pe
T riplex T ype ( 20%- 40% - 40%),
No- Flow Shutoff , 20% Le ad
, 3
.
, 2.63 290.6HP- Hr /Da y(
) , 80% 1
63,302 KW- Hr/ Yea r( =290.6 0.8 0.746 365) T r iplex
T ype 11% .

114

5)
a)
b ) T op Pull- Ou t T y pe Pu mp
- Clos e Coupled Pump
c ) (PRV)
- Pres sur e Re gula ting Value

d)
e ) ( Flow Reg ulator)
f) ( 1750, 3500 rpm)
g)
- T her ma l Pur ge Valv e

115

6)
a ) T op Pull- Ou t .
b ) ( Close Coupled T ype ) ,
.
c)
.
d) ,
/ .
e)
.
f)
, .
7)

a ) (PRV)
-
-
b ) ( Flow Reg ulator)
-
c)

116

-
d)
- ( 1 2 ( 3 )
) .
8)

DUPLE X T YPE
1

Q 33%

LEAD PUM P Sta rt

33% Q 67%

T RIPLEX T YPE
1 Q 20%
LE AD PUMP Star t

20% Q 40%

M AIN PUM P Sta rt

MAIN PUM P( ) Star t

LEAD PUMP Star t

LEAD PUM P Stop

3
Q 67%
LE AD PUMP Star t

3
40% Q 80%
M AIN PUMP( ) Sta rt

M AIN PUM P Oper ate

MAIN PUM P( ) Oper ate

Continuous ly

Contin uou sly

4
Q 80%
LEAD PUM P Res tar t
M AIN PUMP( , ) Oper ate
Continuously

117

9)

GC 200

HE C M- Ser ies

BC

BC

SM 45C

SM 55C

3 , 220V/ 380V

10)
a)
- , 20
,
.

b)
-
.
- Re set .
c)
- ,
.
- Res et .
d)
- ,
.
11)
a) .

118

b ) 0 .
c ) 40
, .
d) ,
,
.

119

1.
) KS KS
. KS
.

1.1

1) (KS D 4301)

G C 15 0

k g f/

k g f/

HB

4 8
8 1 5

19
17

2 41 A 48 - 76 1 45 2- 7 7 1 6 91 - 64
2 23

15
13

2 12 20
2 01

15 3 0
30 5 0
4
3

G C 20 0

G C 25 0

G C 30 0

AST M

24

2 55

8 1 5
15 3 0

22
20

2 35
2 23 30

30 5 0

17

2 17

28
26

2 69
2 48

25
22

2 41 35
2 29

31

2 69

30
27

2 62
2 48 40

4 8
8 1 5

15 3 0
30 5 0
8 1 5

15 3 0
30 5 0

BS

1 50

D IN

J IS
G 5 50 1
F C 15 0

0 .6 01 5
G G - 15
F C 20 0

1 80

0 .6 02 0
G G - 20
F C 25 0

2 60

0 .6 02 5
G G - 25
F C 30 0

3 00

0 .6 03 0
G G - 30

120

2) (KS D 4302)

k g f/

k g f/

HB

26

AST M

BS

D IN

J IS

A 53 6- 7 7 27 89 - 73 1 69 3- 7 3 G 5 50 2- 7 5

G C D 40 0
4 0

2 01

6 0- 40 - 18 42 0/ 12

0 .70 40

F C D4 0

G GG - 4 0
2

G C D 45 0

29

4 5

1 43 21 7 6 5- 45 - 12

F C D4 5
27 89 - 73 1 69 3- 7 3 F C D 5 0

G C D 50 0

33

5 0

1 70 24 1

50 0/ 7

0 .70 40
G GG - 5 0

G C D 60 0

38

6 0

1 92 26 9

A 53 6- 7 7 60 0/ 3

0 .70 40

8 0- 55 - 06

G GG - 6 0

F C D6 0

1.2
1) (KS D 4101)

k g f/

k g f/

HB

S C 4 10
2 1

42

S C 4 50

2 3

46

S C 4 80

2 5

49

AST M

BS

D IN

J IS

0 .30

0 .0 4

0 .0 4 A 27 - 77 3 1 00 - 76 16 81 - 6 7 G 5 10 11 - 78

0 .35

0 .40

0 .0 4

0 .0 4

0 .0 4

0 .0 4

60 - 3 0
GS 3 8
65 - 3 5
GS 4 5
70 - 3 6

GS 5 2

A1

1.0 44 3

S C 42

A2

1.0 44 3

S C 46

A3

1.0 55 1

S C 49

121

2) (KS D 4103)

kg f/

k gf/

HB

S SC 1
35

55

Si

Mn

0.040

163

0.15

1.50

1.00

0.040

229

0.16

1.50

1.00

0.040

0.040

0.24

Ni

( 1)

Cr

11.50

Mo

Cu

AS T M

BS

A 743- 79
CA 15

3100- 76

CA 40

420C29

410C21

14.00
( 1)

11.50

170
S SC 2

40

60
235

S S C11 35

14.00

241

0.10

1.50

1.00

0.040

0.040

183

0.08

2.00

2.00

0.040

0.040

183

0.08

2.00

2.00

0.040

0.040

60

S S C13 19

S S C14 19

S S C16 18

S S C21 21

45

45

45

J IS

17445- 69
1.4008
G - X 12
Cr 14

G5121- 80
SC S1

1.4027
G - X 20
Cr 14

SC S2

1.4460
X 8CrN i
M o275
17445- 69
1.4308
G - X 6Cr
N i189
1.4408
G - X 6Cr
N iMo1810
17440
1.4435
X 2CrN i
M o- 1812
1.4306
X 2CrN i
189

SC S11

1.4552
G - X 7Cr
N iNb 189

SC S21

( 1) 1% .
5.00

7.00

23.00

27.00

1.50

2.50

8.00

11.00
10.00

14.00

18.00

21.00
17.00

20.00

2.00

3.00

12.00

16.00
8.00

2.00

3.00
-

A 743- 79
S S C13 19

D IN

183

0.03

1.50

2.00

0.040

0.040

183

0.03

2.00

2.00

0.040

0.040

CF 8

CF 8M

12.00

183

0.08

2.00

2.00

0.040

18.00

21.00

9.00

12.00

0.040

183

0.08

2.00

2.00

0.040

0.040

10.00

14.00

17.00

20.00

2.00

3.00

27.50

30.50

19.00

22.00

2.00

3.00

3.00

4.00

3.00

5.00

15.50

17.50

2.50

4.00

49

304C15
316C16

17.00

20.00
17.00

21.00

40

3100- 76

316C12
CF 3M

304C12
CF 3
N b+ Ta
10x C%

1.35 CF 8C

SC S13

SC S14

SC S16

SC S19

N b+ Ta

S S C22 21

S S C23 17

45

183

0.07

2.00

2.00

0.040

0.040

40

105

126

375

0.07

1.00

1.00

0.040

0.040

S S C24

3100- 76

10x C%

1.35

SC S22

318C17

A 743- 79

CN 7M
N b+ Ta
0.15 CB 7

0.45 Cu - 1

SC S23

SC S24

122

1 .3 ,
1) (KS D 6002)

BC2

k g f/

HB

2 5

2 5
3

Cu

Zn

AST M

Pb

86 .0 7.0 3. 0 1.0
90 .0
9.0
5. 0

86 .5 9.0 1. 0

1 .0

1.0

1 .0

2 0

11 .0 3. 0

82 .0 4.0 4. 0 4 .0

BS

6.0

6. 0

BrC1

14 00 17 05 - 7 3
- 73 2.1 0 86 .01
C 9 05

G1

2 .0

6 .0

K S

J IS
H 5 11 1
B C2

G - C u S n 10 Zn

B C3

BrC2

B C6

BrC3

2.1 0 96 .01
G- C u S n -

BC6
87 .0

D IN

B 5 84 - 7 9
C 9 03

BC3
89 .5

Sn

C 8 36

L G 2 5Z n P b

2) (KS D 6010)

2 P B C 2

k g f/

HB

2 0

Cu

Sn

60 87 .0 9. 0

BS
D IN
A ST M

0 .05 1.0 B 5 05 - 78 1 40 0- 7 3 17 05 - 73
P

J IS
H 5 11 3- 79

2.1 05 .0 1
91 .0

12 .0

90 7

0 .20

P B4

G - C u S n 5Z n P b

P BC 2

3) (KS D 6015)

AlBC1

k gf/

HB
10/ 1000

45

90

Cu

Al

Fe

85.0 8.0 1.0 1.0

10.0 4.0

A lBC2

A lBC3

50

60

120

150

Ni

Mn

1.0

AS T M
0.5

78.0 8.0 2.5 1.0 1.5 0.5

10.5 5.0
3.0
78.0 8.5 3 .0 3.0 1.5
10.5 6.0

6.0

DIN

JIS

B148- 78 1400- 73 1714- 73

H5114- 79
2.0940.01
952
A B1
G- Cu Al10Fe AlBC1
2.0970.01
G- Cu Al9Ni

954

0.5

BS

AlBC2

1400- 73 2.0975.01
958

A B2

G- Cu Al10Ni AlBC3

123

4) ( KS D 6011)

HB
kgf/
3 P bBC 3

Cu

Sn

Pb

Ni

10/ 500
60 77.0 9.0 9.0

1.0

Zn

Fe

1.0

0.3

79

55 74.0 7.0 14.0 1.0

1.0

0.3

DIN

1.0 B584- 1400- 73 1716- 73

2.1176.01

81.0 11.0 11.0 937

P bBC 4

BS

A ST M

LB2

1.0

JIS
H511579

G- CuP b10S n LBC 3

2.1182.01

78.0 9.0 16.0 938

LB1

G- CuP b15S n LBC 4

5) (KS D 6001)

Bs C2

kg f/

HB

20

Cu

Zn

Pb

Sn

Al

Fe

AS T M

65.0 0.5 1.0

0.5

0.8

B584- 79 1400- 73

70.0
25
3

3.0

60.0 0.5 1.0

Bs C3
65.0

3.0

0.5

BS

DIN

JIS

1709- 73

H5101- 79

C584

SCB3

G- Cu Zn33Pb

YBsC2

C587

DCB3

G- Cu Zn37Pb

YBsC3

0.8

6) (KS F 6008)

3A AC3A

kgf/

HB

Cu

Si

Mg

Zn

Fe

Mn

Ni

Ti

Pb

Sn

Cr

Al

18

50

0.25

10.0

0.15

0.3

0.8

0.35

0.1

0.2

0.1

0.1

0.15

13.0

A S TM

BS

DIN

J IS

1490- 70 1725/ 2- 73 H 5202

LM6

G - A lSi12 A C3A

124

1.4 , ,
1) (KS D 3752)

S M30C

Kg f/

Kg f/

HB

29

48

31

52

35

58

C
0.27

137197 0.33
N

0.32

Si

Mn

0.15

0.60

0.030

0.035

A l08- 73 970- 73

G4501- 79

0.35

0.90

1030

080A30

S30C

0.15

0.60

0.030

0.035

0.35

0.90

1035

080A35

S35C

0.15

0.60

0.030

0.035

0.35

0.90

S M35C
149207 0.38
N

0.42

S M45C
167229 0.48

A ST M

BS

DIN

JIS

080M 46
1045

080A47

S45C

N ( )

2) Cr Mo (KS D 3711)

S C M 41 5

K g f/

K g f/

HB

Si

Mn

Cr

M o

85

235

0, 13

0. 15

0. 6 0

0 .0 3

0 .0 3

0 . 90

0 .1 5

95

321
262

0. 18
0. 18

0. 35
0. 15

0. 8 5
0. 6 0

0 .3 0
0 .1 5

95

352
269

0. 23
0. 33

0. 35
0. 15

0. 8 5
0. 6 0

10 0

331
285

0. 38
0. 38

0. 35
0. 15

0. 8 5
0. 6 0

S C M 42 0
8 0
S C M 43 5
8 5
S C M 44 0

352

0. 43

0. 35

0. 8 5

0 .0 3

0 .0 3

1 . 20
0 . 90

0 .0 3

0 .0 3

1 . 20
0 . 90

0 .3 0
0 .1 5

0 .0 3

0 .0 3

1 . 20
0 . 90

0 .3 0
0 .1 5

1 . 20

0 .3 0

AS T M

BS

D IN

J IS
G 4 10 5- 7 9
S C M 4 15

S C M 4 20
1 .7 2 20
41 35
7 08 A 3 7 3 4C r M o4 S C M 4 35
A 3 22 - 64 a 9 70 - 70 1 70 0- 6 9
1 .7 2 25
41 40

7 08 M 4 0 4 2C r M o4 S C M 4 40

3) NiCr (KS D 3708)

K g f/

K g f/

HB

Si

M n

Cr

M o

S N C 63 1 70

8 5

2 48

0 ,2 7

0 . 15

0. 35

0. 0 30

0 .0 30

2 .5 0

0. 6 0

3 02

0 .3 5

0 . 35

0. 65

3 .0 0

1. 0 0

2 69

0 32 8

0 . 15

0. 35

0. 0 30

0 .0 30

3 .0 0

0. 6 0

3 21

0 .4 0

0 . 35

0. 65

3 .5 0

1. 0 0

80
S N C 83 6

9 5

A ST M

BS

D IN

97 0- 7 0 1. 5 73 6

J IS
G 41 0 2- 7 9

65 3M 3 1 36 N i C r 1 0 S N C 63 1
1. 5 75 5
31 N i C r 1 4 S N C 83 6

125

4) (KS D 3503)

Kgf/

HB

C Mn

AS T M

BS

DIN

JIS

1 S S400

16 16 40

0.050 0.050 A36- 77a 4360- 79 17100- 66 G3101- 76

40

25 24 22

A283- 78

41 52

40A

S S 400

5) (KS D 3507)

Kgf/

K gf/

30

0.040

SSP

AS T M

BS

DIN

0.040 A 53- 78

1387- 67

2400- 78

BW22

2411- 78

JIS
G3452- 78

1.0033
S t- 33- 1

S GP

6) (KS D 3562)

SPPS38

K g f/

Kg f/

Si

Mn

22

38

0.25

0.35

0.30

A ST M

42

DIN

J IS

0.040 0.040 A 53- 48 3601- 74 1629(1) G3454- 78

25

BS

- 61

0.90

0.30

0.35

0.30

0.040 0.040

ERW360 St37

ST PG38

ERW410 St42

ST PG42

SPPS42

1.00

126

1 .5 , ,
1) (KS D 3706)

K g f/

K g f/

HB

Si

Mn

Ni

Cr

M o

S T S 30 4

21

5 3

1 87

0 .0 8 1 . 00 2 . 00 0 . 04 5 0 .0 3 0 8 .0 0

1 87
S T S 30 4L

18

4 9

1 87
21

5 3

1 87
18

21

5 3

X 2 C rN i 3 04 L

3 04 S 1 2 18 9

S U S 3 04 L

1. 4 40 1

X 5 C rN i 3 16

3 16 S 1 6 M o1 81 0

S U S 3 16

1. 4 40 1

X 2 C rN i -

1 5. 00 1 8. 00 3. 0 0

0 .0 8 1 . 00 2 . 00 0 . 04 5 0 .0 3 0 9 .0 0

S U S 3 04

1. 4 30 6

1 4. 00 1 8. 00 3. 0 0

S T S 32 1

3 04 S 1 5 18 9

0 .0 3 1 . 00 2 . 00 0 . 04 5 0 .0 3 0 1 2. 00 1 6. 00 2. 0 0

4 9

1 87

3 04

1 8. 00

J IS
G 4 30 3- 8 1

X 5 C rN i -

1 3. 00 2 0. 00

DIN

1. 4 30 1

0 .0 8 1 . 00 2 . 00 0 . 04 5 0 .0 3 0 1 0. 00 1 6. 00 2. 0 0

S T S 31 6L

BS

1 8. 00

1 0. 50 2 0. 00

0 .0 3 1 . 00 2 . 00 0 . 04 5 0 .0 3 0 9 .0 0

S T S 31 6

AS T M

A 27 6- 7 6 9 70 - 70 17 44 0 - 72

3 16 L

3 16 S 1 2 M o1 81 0

1 7. 00

S U S 3 16 L

1. 4 54 1

1 3. 00 1 9. 00

X 1 0C r N i
3 21

3 21 S 1 2 T i 1 89

S U S 3 21

(1 ) T i 5 C %

S T S 32 9J 1 40

6 0

2 77

0 .0 8 1 . 00 1 . 50 0 . 04 0 0 .0 3 0 3 .0 0

A 24 0- 7 7

2 3. 00 1. 0 0

6 .0 0

2 8. 00 3. 0 0

3 29

1 1. 50

A 27 6- 7 5

S T S 40 3

40

6 0

1 70

0 .1 5 0 . 50 1 . 00 0 . 04 0 0 .0 3 0

1 59
S T S 41 6

35

1 92

0 .1 5 1 . 00 1 . 25 0 . 06 0 0 .1 5 0

6 5

7 5

8 0

0. 6 % A 58 2- 7 5

S U S 4 03

4 16 S 2 0

S U S 4 16
17 44 0 - 72

1. 4 02 1
4 20

4 20 S 3 7 X 2 0C r 13

S U S 4 20 J 1

4 20 S 4 5

S U S 4 20 J 2

1 2. 00
(1 )

4 16

4 03 S 1 7 X 1 5C r 13

1 2. 00
1 4. 00

0 .2 0 1 . 00 1 . 00 0 . 04 0 0 .0 3

1 2. 0

2 29

60

(1 )

0 .2 6 1 . 00 1 . 00 0 . 04 0 0 .0 3 0

0 .4 0

4 03

1 4. 00

2 17

S T S 43 1

(1 )

17 44 0 - 72
1. 4 02 4

1 3. 00

0 .1 6 1 . 00 1 . 00 0 . 04 0 0 .0 3

0 .2 5
S T S 42 0J 2 55

5 5

S T S 42 0J 1 45

9 70 - 70
(1 )

S U S 3 29 J 1

1 4. 00
1 .2 5

1 5. 00

2 .5 0

1 7. 00

( 1) N I 0. 6 % .

A 27 6- 7 5
-

17 44 0 - 72
1. 4 05 7

4 31

4 31 S 2 9 X 2 2C r N i 1 7 S U S 4 31

127

2) (KS D 3705)

S T S 30 4

K g f/

K g f/

HB

Si

M n

18 7

0 .0 8

1 .0 0

2 .0 0

21

S T S 3 0 4L 18

S T S 31 6

21

S T S 3 1 6L 18

5 3

Ni

Cr

0 .0 45 0 .0 30 8. 0 0

18 . 00

18 7

1 .0 0

2 .0 0

0 .0 45 0 .0 30 9. 0 0

18 7

1 .0 0

18 7

1 .0 0

30 4L

3 04 S 1 2

S U S 3 04

S U S 3 04 L

X 5C r N i 31 6

3 16 S 1 6

18 9

3 16 S 1 2

X 2C r N i -

0 .0 45 0 .0 30 12 . 00 16 . 00 2. 0 0

18 9
1. 44 01

S U S 3 16

1. 44 01

15 . 00 18 . 00 3. 0 0

18 9
1. 43 01

G 43 04 - 81

X 2C r N i -

14 . 00 18 . 00 3. 0 0

4 9

17 44 0- 7 2

J IS

X 5C r N i 3 04 S 1 5

0 .0 45 0 .0 30 10 . 00 16 . 00 2. 0 0

5 3

2 .0 0

1 44 9- 7 5

13 . 00 20 . 00

0 .0 3

A 1 64 - 7 4

30 4

2 .0 0

D IN

18 . 00

0 .0 8

BS

1. 43 01

10 . 50 20 . 00

4 9

A ST M

0 .3 0

M o

31 6L

M o 18 10

S U S 3 16 L

3) (KS D 3576)

K g f/

K g f/

HB

S T S 30 4T P
21

S T S 30 4L T P

S T S 31 6T P

S T S 31 6L T P

18

21

18

53

49

53

49

Si

Mn

0 .0 8

1. 0 0

2. 0 0

Ni

0. 0 40 0. 0 30 8. 0 0

0 .0 3

1. 0 0

2. 0 0

0. 0 40 0. 0 30 9. 0 0

Mo

18 . 00

0 .0 8

1. 0 0

J IS

A 3 12 - 79 a 36 0 5- 7 3

G 3 45 9- 7 8

T P 30 4

S U S 30 4T P

T P 30 4L

S U S 30 4L T P

T P 31 6

S U S 31 6T P

0 .0 3

1. 0 0

16 . 00 18 . 00 3. 00

T P 31 6L

S U S 31 6L T P

0. 0 40 0. 0 30 10 . 00 16 . 00 2. 00

2. 0 0

D IN

13 . 00 20 . 00

14 . 00 18 . 00 3. 00

0. 0 40 0. 0 30 12 . 00 16 . 00 2. 00

BS

18 . 00

2. 0 0

AS T M

11 . 00 20 . 00

Cr

128

2 . ()
2.1

( HRL)

(SRL)

1.10 1.50

1.00 1.80

( kgf/ )

200 600

50 250

( %)

2.0 25.0

250 650

D 60 90

JIS A 35 80

( kgf/ )

700 1000

( kgf/ )
( k g f / )

550 850

10 20

( )

10

( Ca l/g / )

0.28 0.33

0.3 0.6

( Kc al/ m h )

0.15 0.20

0.20 0.45

( KV/m m)

20 38

10 20

(kg f/ )

100

60

13

10

15

10

10

10

14

2 .2

( HRL)

( SRL)

70 80

Sludg e

JIS A

50 65

129

3. , ,
3 .1
, ,
KS .
.
.

KS B 7501

1987

GC150

32 200mm

KS B 7505

BC6

SM 30C :

GC 150

ST S403 BC6,BsC2,GC150

ST S 304

GC150

SSC 13
BC6
SM 30C :

GC 150

ST S403 BC6,BsC2,GC150

BC6, GC150

1980

40 150mm

:
BC6,GC150
:2 10
KS B 6318
1987

:
GC150

BC6, Bs C2, GC200

:

BC2

SM 30C

GC150

ST S403 BC6, ST S403,S SC1

200 500m m

GC200

KS B 6319
1985

GC150

SSC 14 GC150

ST S403- BC3,SSC1,ST S316

SSC14

ST S316 , ,

( NASH )

BC3

SM 30C :

130

20 150

BC6, GC200, SSC14

KS B 6321 ,
1987

ST S410

GC150 SM 30C

BC6,Bs C2,GC150

40 100

BC6

ST S410B

BsC2

BC6

PBrC2A
GC150

,
:

GC150

ST S403CP

SS400

SS400

SPP

GC150

SPPS

3.2

()

()

Duct ile

131

) (1) ( ) 80m
.
: ,
: Ductile ,
( 2) ,
.
( 3) ( 2,200m )
.
( 4) .
( 5) .

3.3

A GC250

13Cr

13Cr

13Cr

13Cr

13Cr

132

GC 250

18Cr - 8Ni

18Cr - 8Ni

18Cr- 8Ni

13Cr

18Cr- 8Ni

GC 250

13Cr

13Cr

13Cr

13Cr

18Cr - 8Ni

13Cr

GC 250

18Cr - 8Ni

18Cr - 8Ni

13Cr

18Cr- 8Ni

18Cr - 8Ni

13Cr- 8Ni

13Cr

13Cr

13Cr

150m m

18Cr - 8Ni

) (1) .
: , .

: , , ,

:
( 2) .

133

G C 2 00 B C 3 . 6

S M 3 5C

G C 2 00 C r
( C r 20 % )

S M 3 5C
( )

G C 2 00 C r
( C r 20 % )

S M 3 5C
( )
S T S 30 4

S S 40 0

:
S T S 3 04
BC 6

BC 6

S M 3 5C

PV C

S T S 30 4

C r
( C r 20 % )

:
S M 3 5C S M 4 5C C r
()
(C r 2 0% ) S T S 4 20 J 1

G C 20 0
G C 20 0
S S 40 0

: S T S 3 04

G C 2 00

BC 36

S M 3 5C

G C 2 00 B C 3 6

S M 3 5C

S T S 3 04
-

G C 2 0 0
S S41
S T S 3 04

Ej e c t or :
M a k er
: S PP

G C 2 00

C r

G C 2 00 G C 2 00

G C 2 00 G C 2 00

G C 20 0

:
S T S 3 04
:
Cr
G C 20 0
(C r 2 0% ) S T S 4 20 J 1 S S 40 0
,

1 , 2

,
-

:
Cr
(C r 2 0% ) S T S 4 20 J 1
,

G C 2 00

P VC

G C 2 00

S T S 3 04

S M 3 5C S M 4 5C C r
(ST S 304

S T S 30 4
S T S 30 4
-

S M 3 5C

G C 2 00 S M 3 5C
S T S 3 04

.
C r
C r
( C r 20 % ) ( C r 20 % )

S M 3 5C S M 4 5C C r
:
( )
(C r 2 0% ) S T S 4 20 J 1
,

: S T S 3 04

G C 20 0
S S 40 0

:
S S 40 0

134

G C 2 0 0 B C 3 6

S M 3 5C

,
G C 2 00
S S 40 0

C r
( C r 20 % )

S 35 C S 4 5C
( )

C r
( C r 20 % )

S T S 4 20 J 1
,

: S T S 3 04

G C 2 0 0 G C 2 00 S M 3 5C

S T S 3 04

P VC

P VC

S T S 3 04

G C 2 00
S S 40 0

C r

C r

S T S 30 4

GC GC

S M 3 5C

S T S 30 4

M a k er

. ( ) .

3.4

( ) , ,
E rosion, Corrosion ,
, .
, , , , ,
.
.

135

GC200,250

BC2,3,6

GC200,250

BC 2,3,6

C oa tin g,

Coat ing,
2% NiGC( Ni )

2%NiGC (Ni )

S S C13,14

S T S 304

S S C13,14,16 S T S 304

16, 11

S T S 316

S T S 316

S T S 316L

S T S 316L

S T S 329J1

S T S 329J1

NiCr GC (NiCr )

NiC rGC( NiCr )

R esist

Re sis t

T ype D2,D2B

T ype D2,D2B
S T S 316L

S S C 13,14,16

B C 2,3,6

BC2,3,6

BC 2,3,6

A BC 2,3

A B C2,3 ,

A BC2,3

( )
B C2,3,6

BC2,3,6
A BC2,3

K,
6

S S C 23

S S C 23

,K

)
A ST M -

S S C 23

A ST M -

S S C 23

( Ca rpen ter 20

B 427

AS T M - B463

20

(C ar pente r20 )

B 427

)
1,2 : ,
5 :
3,4,6,7 : , Plan t ,

136

3.5

, , , ,
, , ,
Cr eep . M o, Cr, Mn, Ni
.
Plan t KS B 6209
, (PH , ) ,
.
.

150380

13%Cr

13%Cr

CrM o

13%Cr

CrM o

200500 CrM o

13% Cr

400 ,
CrM o

13%Cr

13%Cr

13% Cr

105200
,
200420 CrM o

CrM o

13%Cr

CrM o

13% Cr Ni

13%Cr

NiCrMoV

137

3.6

.

22

LNG

- 0.6
- 33.6
- 33.6
- 40.6
- 42
- 43

(S i M n )

- 50
2.5%Ni

- 78.5
- 84
- 89

- 104

3.5% Ni

- 100

- 150

LPG

- 151
- 160
- 161
- 183
- 185.7
- 187
- 196

- 246
- 253
- 263

LNG

,
,
( )

- 200

(LO2)

9% Ni

( )
(LN2)

Ni

(LH2)

- 250

- 273

. ( )

HI( Am er ica n Hydra ulic Ins titut e)

S ta nda rds AP I 610 ( Am er ic an P et role um Institute, Centr if uga l P um ps Gener r al Ref iner y
S er vic es ) .

138

. Ni
, .
Al , , Ni
.
.

4.
4.1
1)


.

.
.

. ( ) .

( )

( )

Au,Pt,Ag ,Cu,(H),Pb,Sn,Ni,Co,Cd,Fe ,Cr,Zn ,M n,Al,Mg ,Ca ,,Na,Ba ,K

( )
.
( ) .
2)
.
( )
( ) . ( )
.

139

+0.33V

(18C r- 8Ni- 3M o)

+0.18
- 0.04

(18C r- 8Ni)

- 0.06
- 0.08

(67Nc - 30Cu)

- 0.10
- 0.14

(85015)

- 0.15
- 0.17

( )

- 0.24
- 0.24

(60C u- 30Zn)

- 0.27
- 0.46

- 0.50
- 0.45 0.65

- 0.61
- 0.78

- 0.07
- 1.60
,

, ,
.
( ) ,
.
5)

.
. .
a ) , , , pH
PH:14

b)
. pH .

140

c)
. 3.1
.

d)
.

. 3.2
.
e)
f) ,

141

g)
, , .
h) .

4.2 ,

( U n i f or m a t t a c k )

()

, 1 3% C r

( P it tin g

( 1) P H 3

, S T S 3 16 , 31 6 L , 3 17 , 31 7L

c or r o s i o n)

( 2) C l , B r

( 3)

( 1 ) M o , S i

(2)

.
18 - 8

(3) .
( 1 ) .

( In t e r g r a n ul a r

(2) .

c or r o s i o n)

. 5 00 7 0 0

Cr

C r

M o , C u C

( : S T S 30 4L , 3 47 , S S C 21 ,2 2)
( 3 ) C C r (T i ,N B ,T a )
( : S T S 32 1, 3 4 7,

S S C 2 1, 2 2)

.
, , , A l , M g

(4) () .
.

( S t r e s s c o rr o s i o n

c r a c ki n g )

(1)

(2)

()

( C o rr i s on

( ) ( S T S 32 9J 1 ,

f a t ig u e c r a c k in g )

S S C 13 ) .

(1) ,

(2)
(3)

. ,

( O x y g e n c on c e n t -

(1) , .

r a tio n c e ll)

(2) .

( S a lt c o n c e n tr a t-

(3)

io n c e ll)

,
.

142

( C a v ita tio n
e ro s i o n )

( 1)

, ,

( 2)

, .

( 3)

, ,

( .)

1 (CoW)

1 (CoW )

3 (Al10%) 18Cr- 8Ni,13Cr 3 (Al10%) 18Cr- 8Ni,13Cr

4

NiCrMo

NiCrM o

NiCr

NiCr

M n

Mn

M nCr

MnCr

8 CuNi(N60%)

Cr

8 CuNi(N60%)

Cr

9 (CuS n)

Ni

9 (CuSn)

Ni

10

10

11 (CuS nZn)

11 (CuSnZn)

12

12

13 (6- 4 Bras s)
14

13 (6- 4 Bras s )

14

15 Cu- Ni(Ni30%)

15 Cu- Ni,(7- 3Bras s )

16 (7- 3 Bras s)

16

17

17

18

18

19

19

20

20

143

4.3

.

.
,
.
.

1)
2)
- .
- , , .
- .
- .
- .
- .
3) , ,
4)
, ,
5)
- ( , )
-,
- ( ) , ( ) ,
6)
-
- ( , )
7)
, PH ,
8)
9)

144

4.4

,
.

1)
,
.
. 99.99%
.
2)

.
.

.
.

145

( )

( )

0.2- 0.7V

60V

Mg .

( 0)

146

5.

, ,
, , , , , , ,
, , ,
, , Plan t
.
.

5.1
1) Plant

2)
3)

:
:

4) ( , ):

5 .2 ,
1)

147

2)

3)
4)

:
:

,
%,

,
%

5) , , , , , :
6) , :
7)

5.3
,

5.4 ()
Hr

5.5
1) ( , ) :
2)
:

3)
( ) :
4) ( ) :
Kg f/ a bs, Hg
5)
6) :
7) :

( ) :
c P, cSt

8) ( ) :

5.6
1) ( , , ) :

148

2) ( )
3)
:
4) :

5)

%
%

5 . 7
1) :
2) pH ( 25 )
:

5 .8
1)
2)

:
:

3) ( , )

5 .9 (, , )
1)
Hr

2) , :
Hr /Da y,
/Da y

5 .10 ,
,
, , .
,
, .
, , ,
, .

149

1 . ,
1 .1
, ,
( ), , ,
, .
, ,
,
,
. ,
, 4.1, 4.2
.

150

1.2

. 4.1 . 4.1
. ,

.
4.1
.

( )
25

(/ H r)
13

( )
12 5

(/ H r)
5 90

( )
5 00

32

30

40

50

50

11 0

(/ H r)
6,0 00

( )
3 00

(/ H r)
1,5 00

( )
9 00

(/ H r)
1 6,5 00

15 0

7 20

20 0

1,0 50

6 00

8,0 00

3 50

2,3 00

1,0 00

1 8,5 00

7 00

1 1,5 00

4 00

2,8 00

1,1 00

2 2,0 00

25 0

1,7 00

8 00

1 4,0 00

5 00

4,0 00

1,2 00

2 9,0 00

151

()
65

( / H r)
1 90

()
3 00

( / H r)
2 ,30 0

()
90 0

( / H r)
15 ,0 00

()
60 0

( / H r)
7 ,00 0

()
1 ,30 0

( / H r)
32 ,5 00

80

2 90

3 50

3 ,20 0

1 ,00 0

17 ,0 00

70 0

9 ,00 0

1 ,40 0

36 ,0 00

1 00

4 40

4 00

4 ,20 0

1 ,10 0

18 ,0 00

80 0

11 ,5 00

1 ,50 0

45 ,0 00

1 ,60 0

49 ,5 00

) , .

,
, 4.1
.

152

1 .3
1)

H = H a+

+ H

2
d

(4.1)

/ 2g

: (m)

H
H

: (m )

(+)
H

: (m )
H

/ 2g

= H

p1

p2

: , (m) ( )
H

= H

+ H

: (m )
: ( 9 .8m / se c 2 )

,

H= H

+ H

+ (

2
d

V s )/ 2g

(4.2)

: A B ( A- B)
(m)

153

H
H

: A B ( m)

: A B , ( m)

( )
V

: A (m/ sec )

: B ( m/s ec)

( 4.1)

H = H

, ,
. (4.3) .
H

( 4.3)

= 10 P /
H

(m)

(Kg/ )

: ( g/ )
2)
.
V = CR
H=

(4.4)

V 2 L/ ( 2g D)

(4.5)

: ( m/ sec )

V
C,P,Q
R

:
: (m )
R =

( )
(m )

R=D/ 4)

S = H f/ L
H

: (m )
:

: ( m / s ec 2 )

: ( m)

: ( m)

3)
.
= 64/ Re

( 4.6)

154

Re

4)
.
.
[Dra cy ]
(4.5) .
( )

= 0.020+0.0005/D(m)

1.5 2.0 . Dra cy

100m 4.4 .
[ ]
(4.4)

V = 0. 849C R

0 .63

0 .54

: 4.2 .

(4.7)

155

4 .2 C ( )

1/ 8 1.5

2 3

3.5 40
( mm )

10

12

16

20

24

30

36

42
48

50 75 100 125 150 200 250 300 400 500 600 750 900

130

( inc h)

140

1050
1200

( )
00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

10

10

10

11

11

11

12

12

12

16

17

17

18

19

19

19

20

20

26

27

28

29

30

30

30

37

39

41

42

43

44

45

120

110

100

13

14

15

90

80
70

26

28

30

33

35

45

50

55

62

68

60

50
40

75

87

95

) 00
0
( 4.4) .
100m 4.5(1) - (4) .

156

100m ( 100 S )(m )

( 1) - C =8 0

100m ( 100 S )(m )

(2) - C=100

157

(1 00 S )(m )
(3) - C=120

100m ( 100 S )(m )

(4) - C=140 ( m m )

4. 6 1 00m

158

[ ]

V = C R

0 . 581

Q 0 . 507

(4.8)

C 4.3 . 100m
4.7 ,
4.8 .
4. 3 C

84.2

81.6

82.3

78.0

81.8

74.5

81.6

72.7

4. 7 100m
( C=81. 6 : )

159

[ ]
.
V = 84 . 2 R 0 .625 Q 0 .5

( 4.9)

100m 4.9 .

( 100m ) (m )

4. 9 1 00m ( ) ( )

160

[ ]
.
V = 165 R

0 .68

0 .56

( 4.10)

100m 4.10 .

( 1 00m ) (m )

4. 10 100m ( )
( )

5)
.
V 2
2g

H f= f

(4.11)

: (m /se c)

: ( 9. 8m/ s ec 2)

: ( m)

161

6) ,
f .
f = [ 0. 131 + 1. 847 (

D 3 .5
) ] (
)
2R
90

0 .5

( 4.12)

D : (m )
R : ( m)
: ( )
:

.
f = 0. 946 s in

+ 2. 047 s in

4.1 1

( 4.13)

162

f
:
4.4 .

4.4
( )
f

15
0.0222

30
0.0728

45
0.183

60
0.365

7)
4.5 .

90
0.99

120
1.86

163

0.5+ ( )

= 0. 3 cos

+ 0. 2 cos

0.05+ ( )

f
.

15 30

45 60

75 90

0.48

0.31

0.02

0.41

0.2

( a ) 0.15( )

( b) 0.3( )

90

( a ) 1.0
( b) 0.14 0.40 ( )
( c)

r/ d
f

1.0
0.27

1.25
0.22

1.5
0.17

2.0
0.13

( d) r/ d=1 : f=0.24
( e) 0.88
( f) f/ d=1.5 : f= 0.40
2 2. 5

t
f

30

20

45

2 2. 5

45

60

60

90

90

90

0. 2 84

0. 2 68

0. 2 36

0 .3 77

0 .2 50

0 .2 99

1 .0

8)

.
f ( V 1 - V 2)
2g

Hf =

V
V

: ( m/ sec )

1
2

3 0

: ( m/s ec)

: ( 4.12)

Hf

: ( m)

(4.14)

164

d :

d :

: ( )

4 .12
.
9)
4.6 .
4. 6

( d 0/ d)

f
d

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.0

226

47.8

17.5

7.8

3.75

1.8

0.8

0.29

0.06

0.0

, d : , v : (m/ s ec)

10)
f = 1 - (

d 1 2
)
d2

(4.15)

165

: (4.11)

f
d

: , V(m /se c)

11)
f 4.7 .
4. 7

( d 2/ d 1)

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.0

0.50

0.48

0.45

0.41

0.36

0.29

0.21

0.13

0.07

0.01

V : (m /se c)
12)

4. 13 ,
4.13( a) .

f1 3 = f1

V1
2g

f1 2 = f2

V1
2g

H
H
H

f 13
f12

V1
f 1, f 2

(4.16)

(m )

(m )

: 1 ( m/s ec)
:

166

4.13( b) .

f13

= f

V
2g

f23

= f

V
2g

H
H
H

(4.17)

: ( m)

f 13

: (m )

f23

V : (m /se c)
f ,f :

4 .8, f,f

0.2

( 43 )

0.4

0.6

( 4.17)
Q/ Q

0.8

1.0

0.2

0.6

0.8

0.04

0.18

0.30

0.40

0.50

0.60

0.88 0.89 0.96 1.10 1.29 - 1.01 - 0.41

0.08

0.46

0.72

0.91

0.24

0.31

0.24

0.10 - 0.18

0.80 0.64 0.57 0.60 0.75 - 0.93 - 0.30

0.13

0.40

0.57

0.18

0.06 - 0.17 - 0.54

0.22

0.37

0.37

f 0.05 - 0.08 - 0.05 0.07 0.21 0.35

90 f 0.96

d =d

Q/ Q

r= 0 f ,f

( 4.16)

f 0.05 - 0.05 - 0.02 0.07 0.20 0.34

0.04

0.4

1.0

60

d =d

f 0.98

f 0.04 - 0.07 - 0.04 0.06 0.20 0.33

0.04

0.17

0.66

45
f 0.89

0.67 0.50 0.37 0.33 0.47 - 0.91 - 0.37

f 0.20 - 0.15 - 0.05 0.05 0.20 0.30

0.30

0.50

0.77

1.00

1.25

1.50

- 0.70

0.20

1.25

2.75

4.75

7.30

90
f 1.30
d =d
( d = 25 ) 60
( d/ d )

f 0.03 - 0.03
f 0.90

1.50 2.35 4.30

f 0.

0.02 0.11 0.24 0.39

0.70 0.80 1.50 2.70 4.60 - 0.90

- 0.05 - 0.03 0.07 0.20 0.35

- 0.20
0

0.10 - 0.30 - 0.80 - 1.70

1.00

2.50

4.40

6.65

0.10 - 0.20 - 0.70 - 1.50 - 2.89

45
f 0.92

0.50 0.60 1.30 2.80 5.00 - 1.00 - 0.10

d ,d ,d : , ,
Q ,Q ,Q : , ,
13)
.
H

= f

V
2g

(4. 18)

V : (m/ sec )

0.75

2.10

3.70

5.53

167

: (m )

4.9 ,
4.14 .

4.9

50

0.17

100

0.14

150

0.12

200

0.10

250

0.09

300

0.05

0.5

6 16( )

3 8( )

0.2 0.4(

0
0.05
4.14

( )

1.5 2.0( )

0.6 1.5( )

0.6

14)

. 4.10 .

168

4 .10

45 (1 3 )

15 20D

600D

90

32D

135 400D

26D

200 300D

20D

75D

90

180

(R/D=3)

24D

( R/ D)=4

10D

75D

50D

40 80D

7D

1/4

10 40D

1/2

100 200D

3/4

800D

( )
1 2 1/2

3 6
7 10

200 300D
300D
300 350D

15)
,
Re
. (g / - s ec) , ( /se c),
(g/ ) .
(4.19)

4.14
.
.
Re =

VD

( 4.20)

V : ( / sec )
D : ( )
: ( /s ec)

169

( )
( )
) = 0.24
= 24

= 0.85

=0.29

4 .15

170

2320 (4.6)
.
2320 3000 . 3000
. 4.16
. ( 4.5)
.

1 .4 ,
, NPSH
.
Ns( 2 1.2 ) , Ns (2 2
) NPSH
NPS H
NPSH
. 2 3

.
1) , ,
50 60m ,

. 100m
. .
,
.
2)
.
.
,

171

.
3)
3.5 4.0m
. ,
.
130%
.
4) , ,
, , ,
, . 4.11
.

4 .16

172

4 .11 , ,

1) 1) .
.

2)

2)

1) ,

.

3) 2)

3) ,

, .

4)

4)

5) .

.
5)
.
6)

.
3) ,



.

.
7)

1) .

.
1) 1) ,

2)

2) 2)

. .

3) 3) , 3)

4) , 4) .
.

5) .

4) 5) ( 6)

5)
.

.
( 2000P S )
6) .

173

5)
.

. 4.12
.

4 .12

( )

( )

,
( )

1.5
1)
.

Pw=0.163 Q H ( kW)
=0.222 Q H (PS)
,

Pw : (k W PS)
: ( g/ )
Q

: ( / min)

: (m )

(4.21)

174

2)

.

P =

Pw

0 .163 QH

( kW )

(4.22)

= 0 .222 QH ( P S )
p

P : (KW PS)
p

KS 4.17 .

.

4 .17

175

3)
.
P

P (1 +

( 4.23)

: ( kW PS)

( 4.13)

:
( 4.14)
, , ,
.
P
.

4.13

4.14

0.1 0.2

0.9 0.93

0.150.25

0.95

0.1 0.2

0.92 0.95

0.95 0.98

0.92 0.96

0.95 0.98
0.95 0.97

1.6
1)
, , , , ,
, , , , , , , ,
.
,
. 1.0m
1.5m

176

4 .18

177

4 .19 ,

4 .20 ,

178

2.
2.1
,
. ,
. ,

, .
,
1)
. 0.5 0.8m /s ec ,
0.9 1.2m/ sec .
2)
,
.
3)
.
4)

.
5)
.
6) 4.21
.

179

( : )

Qma x( /s)

D
b

m in

0.56
0.83

ma x
500
600

1000
1200

500
600

1000
1200

230
260

1200
1400

1000
1200

1.11
1.39

700
900

1400
1600

700
800

1400
1600

320
380

1700
1900

1400
1600

1.67
2.08

1000
1100

1800
2000

900
1000

1800
2000

440
500

2200
2400

1800
2000

2.78
3.47

1300
1400

2300
2600

1150
1300

2300
2600

560
620

2800
3200

2300
2600

4.17
4.86

1600
1700

2900
3100

1450
1600

2900
3100

680
740

3500
3800

2900
3100

5.56
6.25

1800
2000

3300
3500

1700
1800

3300
3500

800
860

4000
4200

3300
3500

6.94
8.33

2100
2200

3700
4000

1850
2000

3700
4000

920
980

4600
4900

3700
4000

9.72
12.50

2500
2800

4400
5000

2200
2500

4400
5000

1100
1220

5400
6200

4400
5000

15.28
18.06

3100
3300

5500
6000

2700
3000

5500
6000

1340
1460

6800
7400

5500
6000

4 .21 (a)

180

( : )

Qma x ( /s ) m ax
b
0.56
500 1000
0.83
600 1200

h m in

430
520

130
160

340
400

260
320

700
840

230 900
260 1000

500 1000
600 1200
700 1400
800 1600

1.11
1.39

700 1400
900 1600

600
680

185
200

480
540

370 1000
410 1100

320 1300
380 1400

1.67
2.08

1000 1800
1100 2000

760
850

230
250

580
600

450 1200
500 1300

440 1600 900 1800

500 1700 1000 2000

2.78
3.47

1300 2300 990

1400 2600 1100

290
330

760
850

580 1500
650 1700

560 2000 1140 2300

620 2300 1250 2600

4.17

1600 2900 1200

360

930

710 1850

680 2500 1400 2900

4.86
5.56

1700 3100 1300

1800 3300 1350

380 1000
410 1100

760 2000
820 2100

740 2700 1500 3100

800 2800 1600 3300

6.25
6.94

2000 3500 1450

2100 3700 1550

430 1150
460 1200

870 2250
920 2400

860 3000 1730 3500

920 3300 1800 3700

8.33
9.72

2200 4000 1700

2500 4400 1850

500 1300 1000 2600 980 3500 2000 4000

550 1400 1100 2800 1100 3800 2200 4400

12.50
15.28

2800 5000 2100

3100 5500 2300

620 1600 1250 3200 1220 4400 2450 5000

680 1800 1350 3500 1340 4800 2700 5500

18.06

3300 6000 2500

740 1950 1500 3900 1460 5300 2900 6000

4.21 ( b )

181

( : )

Qma x( / s) m ax
b e e e e
0.56
500 960 400 115 320 240
0.83
600 1150 500 140 390 290

e5

h h h h m i n

500
600

460
560

230
260

700
800

500 1450
600 1750

1.11

700 1350

580 150 450 340

700

660

320 1000

700 2100

1.39
1.67

900 1500
900 1650

660 180 500 380

720 200 560 420

800
800

740
800

380 1100
380 1200

800 2300
800 2500

2.08
2.78

1000 1900
1100 2200

850 230 620 470 900 900

920 250 720 540 1000 1000

440 1400 900 2800

500 1600 1000 3300

3.47
4.17

1300 2500 1050 300 800 600 1140 1200

1400 2700 1150 320 900 660 1250 1300

560 1800 1140 3700

620 2000 1250 3900

4.86
5.56

1600 2900 1250 350 950 720 1400 1400

1700 3100 1300 380 1000 760 1500 1500

680 2200 1400 4300

740 2300 1500 4600

6.25
6.94

1800 3300 1400 400 1050 810 1600 1600

2000 3400 1500 430 1100 850 1700 1700

800 2500 1600 4900

860 2600 1700 5100

8.33
9.72

2100 3800 1600 450 1250 950 1800 1700

2200 4000 1750 500 1300 1000 1900 1900

920 2800 1800 5600

980 2900 1900 6000

12.50
15.28

2500 4600 2000 550 1500 1150 2200 2200 1100 3400 2200 6900
2800 5000 2200 600 1600 1250 2400 2400 1220 3700 2400 7600

18.06
22.22

3100 5500 2400 700 1800 1400 2700 2700 1340 4100 2700 8300
3300 6000 2600 750 2000 1550 2900 2900 1460 4400 2900 9000

4 .21 ( c)

182

( : )

Q m a x (/ s )
2. 78
3. 47

D
m ax
b
e
11 00 2 20 0 92 0
13 00 2 50 0 1 05 0

e
2 50
3 00

e
72 0
80 0

e
e6
e7
e5
5 40 10 00 2 6 00 13 50
6 00 11 40 2 8 00 16 00

h
14 50
16 00

h h h min S
50 0 20 00 10 0 0 3 30 0 10 0
56 0 22 00 11 4 0 3 70 0 12 0

4. 17
4. 86

14 00 2 70 0 1 15 0
16 00 2 90 0 1 25 0

3 20
3 50

90 0
95 0

6 60 12 50 3 2 00 18 30
7 20 14 00 3 4 00 19 50

18 00
19 00

62 0 25 00 12 5 0 3 90 0 12 0
68 0 26 00 14 0 0 4 30 0 12 0

5. 56
6. 25

17 00 3 10 0 1 30 0
18 00 3 30 0 1 40 0

3 80 1 00 0
4 00 1 05 0

7 60 15 00 3 7 00 20 70
8 10 16 00 3 9 00 22 50

21 00
22 00

74 0 29 00 15 0 0 4 60 0 12 0
80 0 31 00 16 0 0 4 90 0 15 0

6. 94
8. 33

20 00 3 40 0 1 50 0
21 00 3 80 0 1 60 0

4 30 1 10 0
4 50 1 25 0

8 50 17 00 4 1 00 23 20
9 50 18 00 4 5 00 25 50

23 00
25 00

86 0 32 00 17 0 0 5 10 0 15 0
92 0 35 00 18 0 0 5 60 0 20 0

9. 72
1 2. 50

22 00 4 00 0 1 75 0
25 00 4 60 0 2 00 0

5 00 1 30 0 10 00 19 00 4 9 00 27 00
5 50 1 50 0 11 50 22 00 5 6 00 31 00

27 00 98 0 37 00 19 0 0 6 00 0 20 0
30 00 1 10 0 42 00 22 0 0 6 90 0 20 0

1 5. 28
1 8. 06

28 00 5 00 0 2 20 0
31 00 5 50 0 2 40 0

6 00 1 60 0 12 50 24 00 6 1 00 34 00
7 00 1 80 0 14 00 27 00 6 6 00 36 75

34 00 1 22 0 47 00 24 0 0 7 60 0 20 0
37 00 1 34 0 51 00 27 0 0 8 30 0 20 0

2 2. 22

33 00 6 00 0 2 60 0

7 50 2 00 0 15 50 29 00 7 4 00 40 50

40 00 1 46 0 55 00 29 0 0 9 00 0 20 0

4.21 (d )

183

( : )

D
Qm ax ( / s) m ax
b e e e e e5 h h h h m i n
3.47
1300 2500 1050 300 800 600 1140 1300 560 1650 1140 3700
4.17
4.86

1400 2700 1150 320 900 660 1250 1450

1600 2900 1250 350 950 720 1400 1550

620 1800 1250 3900

680 1950 1400 4300

5.56
6.25

1700 3100 1300 380 1000 760 1500 1650

1800 3300 1400 400 1050 810 1600 1800

740 2100 1500 4600

800 2200 1600 4900

6.94
8.33

2000 3400 1500 430 1100 850 1700 1900

2100 3800 1600 450 1250 950 1800 2100

860 2400 1700 5100

920 2600 1800 5600

9.72
12.50

2200 4000 1750 500 1300 1000 1900 2200 980 2800 1900 6000
2500 4600 2000 550 1500 1150 2200 2500 1100 3200 2200 6900

15.28
18.06

2800 5000 2200 600 1600 1250 2400 2800 1220 3500 2400 7600
3100 5500 2400 700 1800 1400 2700 3000 1340 3800 2700 8300

22.22

3300 6000 2600 750 2000 1550 2900 3400 1460 4200 2900 9000

4 .21 (e )

184

( : )

Q m a x ( / s )
3 .47
4 .17

D
m ax
b
e
1 30 0 25 00 10 50
1 40 0 27 00 11 50

e
30 0
32 0

e
8 00
9 00

e
e6
e7 h
e5
6 00 1 14 0 28 00 1 60 0 1 50 0
6 60 1 25 0 32 00 1 83 0 1 60 0

h h h min S
5 60 1 65 0 1 14 0 37 00 1 20
6 20 1 80 0 1 25 0 39 00 1 20

4 .86
5 .56

1 60 0 29 00 12 50
1 70 0 31 00 13 00

35 0 9 50
38 0 10 00

7 20 1 40 0 34 00 1 95 0 1 80 0
7 60 1 50 0 37 00 2 07 0 1 90 0

6 80 1 95 0 1 40 0 43 00 1 20
7 40 2 10 0 1 50 0 46 00 1 20

6 .25
6 .94

1 80 0 33 00 14 00
2 00 0 34 00 15 00

40 0 10 50
43 0 11 00

8 10 1 60 0 39 00 2 25 0 2 00 0
8 50 1 70 0 41 00 2 32 0 2 10 0

8 00 2 20 0 1 60 0 49 00 1 50
8 60 2 40 0 1 70 0 51 00 1 50

8 .33
9 .72

2 10 0 38 00 16 00
2 20 0 40 00 17 50

45 0 12 50 9 50 1 80 0 45 00 2 55 0 2 30 0
50 0 13 00 10 0 0 1 90 0 49 00 2 70 0 2 50 0

9 20 2 60 0 1 80 0 56 00 2 00
9 80 2 80 0 1 90 0 60 00 2 00

12 .5 0
15 .2 8

2 50 0 46 00 20 00
2 80 0 50 00 22 00

55 0 15 00 11 5 0 2 20 0 56 00 3 10 0 2 80 0 11 00 3 20 0 2 20 0 69 00 2 00
60 0 16 00 12 5 0 2 40 0 61 00 3 40 0 3 10 0 12 20 3 50 0 2 40 0 76 00 2 00

18 .0 6
22 .2 2

3 10 0 55 00 24 00
3 30 0 60 00 26 00

70 0 18 00 14 0 0 2 70 0 66 00 3 67 5 3 30 0 13 40 3 80 0 2 70 0 83 00 2 00
75 0 20 00 15 5 0 2 90 0 74 00 4 05 0 3 70 0 14 60 4 20 0 2 90 0 90 00 2 00

4 .21(f)

185

( : )

Q m a x ( / s )
3 .4 7
4 .17

D
m ax
1 40 0
1 60 0

b
25 00
27 00

e
1 20 0
1 35 0

e
4 90
5 40

e
1 20
1 20

e
60 0
66 0

e5
9 00
10 00

e6
2 80 0
3 20 0

e7 e8
14 10 1 20 0
16 10 1 35 0

h
10 50
11 50

h
6 00
6 60

min S
37 00 12 0
39 00 12 0

4 .86
5 .56

1 70 0
1 80 0

29 00
31 00

1 45 0
1 55 0

5 80
6 20

1 20
1 20

72 0
76 0

10 50
11 50

3 40 0
3 70 0

17 20
18 30

1 45 0
1 55 0

12 00
13 00

7 00
7 60

43 00
46 00

12 0
12 0

6 .25
6 .94

2 00 0
2 10 0

33 00
34 00

1 65 0
1 70 0

6 60
7 00

1 50
1 50

81 0
85 0

12 00
12 50

3 90 0
4 10 0

19 90
20 50

1 65 0
1 70 0

14 00
15 00

8 00
8 50

49 00
51 00

15 0
15 0

8 .33
9 .72

2 20 0
2 50 0

38 00
40 00

1 85 0
2 00 0

7 60
82 0

2 00
2 00

95 0
1 00 0

14 00
15 00

4 50 0
4 90 0

22 40
23 80

1 85 0
2 00 0

16 00
17 50

9 20
1 00 0

56 00
60 00

20 0
20 0

12 .50
15 .28

2 90 0
3 10 0

46 00
50 00

2 30 0
2 50 0

94 0
10 00

2 00
2 00

1 15 0
1 25 0

17 00
19 00

5 60 0
6 10 0

27 10
30 00

2 30 0
2 50 0

20 00
22 00

1 15 0
1 25 0

69 00
76 00

20 0
20 0

18 .06
22 .22

3 30 0
3 60 0

55 00
60 00

2 75 0
3 00 0

11 00
12 00

2 00
2 00

1 40 0
1 55 0

20 00
23 00

6 60 0
7 40 0

32 75
36 00

2 75 0
3 00 0

24 00
26 00

1 35 0
1 50 0

83 00
90 00

20 0
20 0

4.21 (g )

186

( : )

Q m a x ( / s )
3 .47
4 .17

D
m ax
1 40 0
1 60 0

b
25 00
27 00

e
1 20 0
1 35 0

e
4 90
5 40

e
1 20
1 20

e
60 0
66 0

e5
9 00
10 00

e6
2 80 0
3 20 0

e7 e8
14 10 1 20 0
16 10 1 35 0

h
10 50
11 50

h
6 00
6 60

min S
37 00 12 0
39 00 12 0

4 .86
5 .56

1 70 0
1 80 0

29 00
31 00

1 45 0
1 55 0

5 80
6 20

1 20
1 20

72 0
76 0

10 50
11 50

3 40 0
3 70 0

17 20
18 30

1 45 0
1 55 0

12 00
13 00

7 00
7 60

43 00
46 00

12 0
12 0

6 .25
6 .94

2 00 0
2 10 0

33 00
34 00

1 65 0
1 70 0

6 60
7 00

1 50
1 50

81 0
85 0

12 00
12 50

3 90 0
4 10 0

19 90
20 50

1 65 0
1 70 0

14 00
15 00

8 00
8 50

49 00
51 00

15 0
15 0

8 .33
9 .72

2 20 0
2 50 0

38 00
40 00

1 85 0
2 00 0

7 60
82 0

2 00
2 00

95 0
1 00 0

14 00
15 00

4 50 0
4 90 0

22 40
23 80

1 85 0
2 00 0

16 00
17 50

9 20
1 00 0

56 00
60 00

20 0
20 0

12 .50
15 .28

2 80 0
3 10 0

46 00
50 00

2 20 0
2 50 0

94 0
10 00

2 00
2 00

1 15 0
1 25 0

17 00
19 00

5 60 0
6 10 0

27 10
30 00

2 30 0
2 50 0

20 00
22 00

1 15 0
1 25 0

69 00
76 00

20 0
20 0

18 .06
22 .22

3 30 0
3 60 0

55 00
60 00

2 75 0
3 00 0

11 00
12 00

2 00
2 00

1 40 0
1 55 0

20 00
23 00

6 60 0
7 40 0

32 75
36 00

2 75 0
3 00 0

24 00
26 00

1 35 0
1 50 0

83 00
90 00

20 0
20 0

4.21 (h )

187

2.2

.

4.22 S
20 .

. 4.22 B 20
.
.

4 .22
3.
3.1
.
1) . ( 4.23 )

4 .23

188

2)
.
3) 1/50
. . ( 4.24 )
4) .

4 .24
5)
.

3.2
1)

. , , ,
, , , ,
. 1 2m/ sec , 1.5
3.0m /se c .
5m/s ec .
2)

.

4.25

189

4 .25
,


500


.
3)
4.27

4.26

10m






.

4.27

.
,

190

.
4)
4.18(d)- (g) 4.20( b)- ( d)

.

.
,
.

3.3
( )
.
.
.



.
4.28 .


. ,

.

4 .28

191

1)
( ) (
) . 4.29 V
F
F (Kg )=

. ,
: ( Kg / )
g : ( m/s ce )
Q : ( /s ec)
V : (m /se c)

4.29
2)
F .

4 .30

F (k g )

F (k g )

D
H

4
4

D H
D H a

: (m)
: (m )

Ha : (m )
: (k g/ )

.
F ( kg )

D H sh

Hsh :

(m )

192

3.4

1)
, , .
160 .
KS , , , ,
, 10 Kg /
. , . .
, , , .
2) Flex ible , ,

a)
b)
c)
d)
e) ,

4.31 .

193

4 .31 flexib le , ,
4.
4.15 .
(
) ,
.

194

4 .15

.
-

.


80%
.

,


.






.
,

.
,






.

.

90




, ,

, .

.

.
.


.

.



.

,
,,
,

10k gf
/
.

195

.
(50)

.

,
.

.




.

.

.


.

500
.
1 ,
600 2
.
.

2

.
.




.
10m- 75m

.

,
.





,

.

.
.

,
.

5 .
5.1
KS ANSI, BS, DIN
, , , KS ( KS B 1511- 1987)
4.16 .

196

5.2
1) 10Kgf/

( KS B 1511- 1987)

(D)

10
15

17.3
21.7

90
95

12
12

14
16

1
1

46
51

65
70

4
4

15
15

M 12
M 12

20

27.2

100

14

18

56

75

15

M 12

25
32

34
42.7

125
135

14
16

18
20

1
2

67
76

90
100

4
4

19
19

M 16
M 16

40

48.6

140

16

20

81

105

19

M 16

50
65

60.5
76.3

155
175

16
18

20
22

2
2

96
116

120
140

4
4

19
19

M 16
M 16

80

89.1

185

18

22

126

150

19

M 16

( 90)

101.6

195

18

22

136

160

19

M 16

100

114.3

210

18

24

151

175

19

M 16

125

139.8

250

20

24

182

210

23

M 20

150

165.2

280

22

26

212

240

23

M 20

(175)
200

190.7
216.3

305
330

22
22

26
26

2
2

237
262

265
290

12
12

23
23

M 20
M 20

197

(D)

(225)

241.8

350

22

28

282

310

12

23

M 20

250
300

267.4
318.5

400
445

24
24

30
32

2
3

324
368

355
400

12
16

25
25

M 22
M 22

350
400

355.6
406.5

490
560

26
28

34
36

3
3

413
475

445
510

16
16

25
27

M 22
M 24

450

457.2

620

30

38

530

565

20

27

M 24

(500)
550

508
558.8

675
745

30
32

40
42

3
3

585
640

620
680

20
20

27
33

M 24
M 30

600
(650)

609.6
660.4

795
845

32
34

44
46

3
3

690
740

730
780

24
24

33
33

M 30
M 30

700
(750)

711.2
762

905
970

34
36

48
50

3
3

800
855

840
900

24
24

33
33

M 30
M 30

800
(850)

812.8
863.6

1020
1070

36
36

52
52

3
3

905
955

950
1000

28
28

33
33

M 30
M 30

900

914.4

1120

38

54

1005

1050

28

33

M 30

1000

1016

1235

40

58

1110

1160

28

39

M 36

( 1100)

1117.6

1345

42

62

1220

1270

28

39

M 36

1200

1219.2

1465

44

66

1325

1380

32

39

M 36

( 1350)

1371.6

1630

48

70

1480

1540

36

45

M 42

1500

1524

1795

50

74

1635

1700

40

45

M 42

2) 20Kgf/

(KS B 1511- 1987)

198

10

17.3

(D)
90

15

21.7

20

14

16

f
1

g
46

C
65

h
15

M12

95

14

16

51

70

15

M12

27.2

100

16

18

56

75

15

M12

25

34

125

16

20

67

90

19

M16

32

42.7

135

18

20

76

100

19

M16

40

48.6

140

18

22

81

105

19

M16

50

60.5

155

18

24

96

120

19

M16

65

76.3

175

20

26

116

140

19

M16

80

89.1

200

22

28

132

160

23

M20

90

101.6

210

24

28

145

170

23

M20

100

114.3

225

24

30

160

185

23

M20

125

139.8

270

26

32

195

225

25

M22

150

165.2

305

28

34

230

260

12

25

M22

200

216.3

350

30

38

275

305

12

25

M22

250

267.4

430

34

40

345

380

12

27

M24

300

318.5

480

36

44

395

430

16

27

M24

350

355.6

540

40

50

440

480

16

33

M 30x3

400

406.4

605

46

54

495

540

16

33

M 30x3

450

457.2

675

48

58

560

605

20

33

M 30x3

500

508.2

730

50

62

615

660

20

33

M 30x3

550

558.8

795

52

66

670

720

20

39

M 36x3

600

609.6

845

54

720

770

24

39

M 36x3

650

660.4

945

60

790

850

24

48

M 45x3

700

711.2

995

64

840

900

24

48

M 45x3

750

762.0

1080

68

900

970

24

56

M 52x3

800

812.8

1140

72

960

1030

24

56

M 52x3

850

863.6

1200

74

1020

1090

24

56

M 52x3

900

914.4

1250

76

1070

1140

28

56

M 52x3

199

1 .
1 .1

.
5.1 . 5.1
,
.
.

5 .1

200

5.1 L =
V

max

t =

=
( h

1) 1(0

a
h

max

= a V 0 / g ; Jou kow sky )

L/a , 5.1 (b), ( c))

5.1( a)
a
.
( )

max

2) 2(L /a t 2L/a , 5.1 (d), (e ))

, ,

a .
, ( ),
.
3) 3(2L/a

3L/a , 5.1 (f), (g ))

,
,
.
( ) ,
1

max

4) 4( 3L/a t 4L/ a, 5.1 (h ), (i))

,

a . ,
, ( ) ,
, ,
. 4L /a
.

201

5.2 1 4
.

( a)

(b )

(c)

5 .2

202

5.2(a ) 1.1m ,
100m , 1000m/s ec, 0.02 /s ec . 5.2( b)
2m , 1000m /s
. 0.1 (H.G.L)
2m H.G.L , .
0.2 H.G.L
H.G.L - 0.02 /s ec . 0.3
H.G.L 2m H.G.L
. 0.4
H.G.L H.G.L 0.02 / sec
, . 0.4
.

1 .2

,
( 1)
( 2)
( 3)
( 4)
,
. ,
,
( 1)
(a )
(b)
( 2)
( 3)
.
1)
a ) 1 ( : , )

203

.

,
. ,

. ,
.
, ,

, .
b ) 2 ( : , )
,
.
. ,
0 .
c ) 3 ( : , )


. ,
60 80% ,
110 130% .
2)
a ) 2
. 1
.( ).
, ( 0)
.
.
b)
.( ).
c) ,

204

.
3) ( )
1 .
, 2
. , 2
(
. )
.

2.

,
.
1) , , , .
2)
.
3) , .
4)
.

3.

,
.
.

.
(Air Cha mber ), One- Wa y Sur ge
T a nk, .

205

( ) .

(GD )

.(3.1 )

F ly whe el

( A i r

C ham ber )

.(3.1 )

.
,

F lyw heel

( 3.1 )

206

One- W ay S ur ge

T a nk .

( One - Wa y),

( 3.1 )

.
By -

P as s

, By-

Pa ss , By- P a ss

( 3.2 )

.
,

10

Da sh- P or t
By- P a ss

11

12

( 3.2 )

,
.

13

, S luice,

207

Butte rflly
,
.
14

(3.2 )
,

15

, .

,


.

3.1 ()
1) Fly whee l .
(GD )
.
Flywh eel
. ,
a ) ( 5.3 L )
( A)
L=50 200mm
( B)
L=800 2000mm
b ) (Fly whee l GD ,
GD
.)
c ) (Fly whee l

208

, .)
d) (
GD
.)
e ) F lywhe el ( ) ( GC:40m/s , SC:50m/s ,
SF:60m /s) .

5 .3

F lywhe e l

2) (Air Cha mb er) .

,
,

.
a)

.
.
.

209

5 .4

a . Le vel 1 : Lowe st Le ve l Indica tion

- Le vel 1
, L eve l 1 Wa rning .
b . Lev el 2 : Com pr es sor Switch- off Leve l
- Le vel 2 , Lev el2
.
c . Lev el 3 : Com pres sor Switch - on Le vel
- Le vel3 , L eve l3
.
d. Leve l 4 : Compr ess or Ba ck- u p Lev el
- Le vel4 ,
W ar ning . Lev el4a
, L eve l2 .
e . L eve l 5 : Hig h Le vel Indica tion
- Lev el5
Lev el5 .
f. Leve l la : Air Rele as e Va lue Open
- Le vel la .

210

b)
,
4.6

.

5 .5
3) .
5.6 ,
.

. ,
, .
4) One- Wa y S urg e T a nk .
5.7

. ,

.
( One - Wa y )
a)
b)
c ) ( )

211

5.6 S urge Ta nk

5 .7 O ne - Wa y S urge Ta nk

d) - ,
One- Wa y
.

3.2
,
.
.
.
1) ( 5.8 ).
(Da sh- Por t)
, .
2) ( 5.9 ).

.

5.8

5 .9

212

3) .

.
, 2
.

4.
4.1
, , ,
( )
.
,

,
.

4.2
1)

. P( x,t)
V(x ,t) H( x,t) Q(x ,t)
. x t
.
a)
5.10 A, x .

.
P A - [ P A + (P A )

x] + (P + P

x )A
2

x-

D x -

A x s in =

A x

.
V

213

( x)

5 .10

A+

D + gA s in

+ A

.
= 0
V

(5.1)

Dar cy- Weis ba ch f .

0

fV |V |
8

( 5.2)

( 5.1) V
. = V V + V
x
V

( 5.3)

( 5.2) (5.3) (5.1) .

P

+ V V

+ V t + g s in

fV | V |
= 0
2D

(5.4)

. Z ,
P = g( H - Z)
P

g( H

Z x) = g( H

- s in )

(5.5)

, H Z (5.4)
.
g H

+ V V

+ V t + fV | V | = 0
2D

(5.6)

214

b)

5 .11
5.11
.
-

[ A ( V - u) ] x x = D' ( A x )
Dt

(5.7)

,
D'

= u
+
Dt
x

D'
x = u
Dt

(5.8)

(5.7) .
( AV ) x + ( A ) t = 0

A V

(5.9)

+ V ( A) x + ( A )t = 0

.
1
A

D
( A) + V
Dt

= 0

( 5.10)

,
D = V
Dt

(5.11)

215

( 5.10) .
.
A +
A

.
+ V

(5.12)

= 0

K
.

.
P
K

(5.13)

. D, e , Poisson
.
.
A
A

.
P D
2eE

D
2

D
=
A

.
P

D
eE

(5.14)

, E You ng' s m odu lus . ( 5.13) (5.14) (5.12)

.
.
P

+ a V

(5.15)

= 0

,
K/
1 + [ ( K/ E )(D/ e )]

a =

(5.16)

. , P H ,

. =
P

g( . H

. ) = g(V H
Z

+ H t - V Z x - Zt )

( 5.17)

(5.15) .
V H

+ H t - V s in

+ a V
g

= 0

(5.18)

2)
( 5.6) ( 5.18) V a .
, (5.18) Vs in
.
L = g H

+ Vt +

f V|V| = 0
2D

( 5.19)

216

L = H t + a V
g

(5.20)

= 0

.

(Ch ar ac te ris tic m ethod) . (5.19) (5.20)
.
L = L+

L2

[ g

H +
x

H ]+ [
t

a
g

V +
x

V ] + fV | V | = 0
t
2D

(5.21)

( 5.19) ( 5.20) .
( 5.21) . x t

dH = H
dt

dx + H ,
t
dt

dV = V
dt

dx + V
dt

( 5.22)

.
dx = g =
dt

a
g

(5.23)

( 5.21) .
dH + dV + fV |V | = 0
dt
dt
2D

(5.24)

g ,
a

dx =
dt

(5.25)

. a .
( 5.24) .
( 5.19) (5.20) C

.
g
a

dH + dV + fV | V | = 0
dt
dt
2D

dx =
dt

( 5.26)
(5.27)

217

g
a

dH + dV + fV | V | = 0
dt
dt
2D

dx = - a
dt

( 5.28)

5.12

(5.29)

a .

5 .12 x- t
3)
x
. t= x /a , 5.13 C

(5.27)

. V H A ( 5.26) AP
.

, BP (5.29) (5.28) BP

. (5.26) (a /g )dt=dx/ g
A V Q
.
Hp

a
gA

dH +
HA

Qp

dQ +
QA

f
2gDA

Xp

(5.30)

Q| Q|dx = 0
XA

x Q . A
Q AP . C - BP
(5.26) (5.28) A, B, P H, Q
.
H p-

a
( Q pgA

QA)+

fx
QA | Q
2g DA

|= 0

( 5.31)

218

H p-

a ( Q - Q )+
fx
Q
p
B
gA
2gDA

| Q B| = 0

(5.32)

5 .13 x- t G rid

H P

.
C

: H

= H

- B( Q

- Q A) - R Q

| QA|

( 5.33)

: H

= H

+ B( Q

- Q B) + R Q B | Q B|

(5.34)

,
B=a /g A,

R=f x/ (2gDA )

, t=0 H Q . A, B
H Q t= t H Q .
(5.33) (5.34) .
C

: H

= C

- B Q

: H

= C

+ B Q

( 5.35)
(5.36)

,
C

= H
= H

i- 1

+ B Q

i+ 1

+ B Q

Q i

i- 1
i+ 1

= 1/ 2( C
H

(5.37)

- R Q i + 1 | Q i + 1|

( 5.38)

- R Q

+ C

i-

| Q

i- 1

(5.35) ( 5.36) .

( 5.39)

219

4)
(5.35) (5.36) Q H
. 5.14

. , . Q H
Q H .
.
H .

H R

.
Q

p1

= ( H

p1

- C

H
p1

p1

= H R .

(5.36)
( 5.40)

)/ B

. Q
.

Q p 1 ( 5.36)

p1

-
. .
H

p1

= H

+ Q

p1

(a + a Q

p1

( 5.41)

5 .14

H S Q 2 .

(5.41) (5.36)
Q

p1

1 [ B - a 2a

( B - a) + 4 a( C

. Q p1 ( 5.36)

p1

H S) ]

(5.42)

220

.
.
Q 0= ( C

)0

2g H

(5.43)

Q 0, H 0

C d ,

A G .

Q p= C

2g

(5.44)

. H .
.
Q0
H0

Q P=

( 5.45)

,
=

C
( C

d
d

A
A

G
G

(5.46)
0

NS ( 5.45) ( 5.35) .
Q

PN S

= - B C

(B C

) 2+ 2 C

= ( Q 0 ) 2 / 2 H 0 H

PNS

( 5.47)

(5.35) .

5)
,
.

.
5.15
. ,
Q

P1 , N S

= Q P 2, 1

P1 , N S

= H

P 2, 1

. (5.35) (5.36) .

(5.48)

221

P2 , 1

C P1- C
B1+ B

M2

( 5.49)

t .
t J

N J .

t =

L
a

( 5.50)
J

N J t

N J .

.
a J

t N J .

5.16
. .
1 2 .

P2 , 1

= Q P 1, N S =

Q0
H

P1 , N S

(5.51)

P 2, 1

H 0 =1,

Q 0 .

1 ( 5.36) 2 (5.35)
.
Q

P1 , N S

P2 , 1

= C

C
V

( B + B) +

( B + B ) + 2 C

( C

P1

- C

M2

( 5.52)

= Q 0 / 2 H 0 .

= Q P 1, N S = -

Q 0t
H 0

P 2, 1

(5.53)

P1 , N S

, .
Q

P1 , N S

= C

( B + B) -

( B + B ) - 2 C

( C

P1

- C

M2

(5.54)

222

5.17
.
K

= H

P1

+ (1+ K)

Q P1
2gA

(5.55)

. (5.36) .

H

P1

= H

( 5.56)

.
6)
3) ( 5.6) (5.18)
. , (5.6)
(5.18)
L + L =
-

[ H x(V +

) + H t ] + [ V x(V +

V s in + fV | V| = 0
2D

a
g

)+ Vt]

(5.57)

223

,
dx
g
a
= V+
= V+
dt
g

(5.58)

( 5.57) .
dH
dV
+
dt
dt

fV | V |
= 0
2D

V s in +

( 5.59)

g/ a
dx
= V
dt

(5.60)

. (5.59) (5.60) .

g dH + dV a dt
dt
dx
= V+ a
dt
g
a

g Vs in + fV |V | = 0
C
a
2D

}
}
+

dH
dV
g
fV |V |
+
+
Vs in +
= 0 C
dt
dt
a
2D

dx = V - a
dt

(5.61)
(5.62)

(5.63)
(5.64)

(5.61) ( 5.64) .
5.18 x t (5.62) ( 5.64)
. ( 5.61)
(5.64) dt .

aR
( QP gA

QR)-

QR( t

- t

s in

a Rf
Q R | Q R |( t
2g DA

- t

)= 0

(5.65)
x

= ( V
S-

+ a R )( t

aS
( Q
gA

- t

(5.66)

QS( t

Q S) -

- t S)

sin

a Sf
Q S | Q S |( t
2g DA

- t

S)

= 0

(5.67)
x

= ( V

- a S )( t

(5.68)

- t S)

, t

, H

, Q

224

. A, B, C H Q
5.18 R S H Q P
. 5.18 .
x
x

- x
x
C C

R
A

(5.66)
Q R=

QC- QR
QC- QA

=
x

= x

1+

( Q

( QC- Q

QC1-

( Q

= H

- (

QR
A

= H

+ (

QS
A

t
x ,

( 5.70)

A )

, H S .

- Q B)

( QC-

QS, H

- Q

,
Q S=

(5.69)

( 5.71)

Q B)
)( H

)( H

- H

(5.72)

( 5.73)

t
x a = a . (5.65), (5.67), (5.70) (5.73)

Q P H P . (5.65) (5.67) ( 5.35) (5.36)

.

= H
= H

+ QR( B

t s in
A

a Rf t
| Q R |)
2gDA

(5.74)

- Q S( B

t
s in
A

aSf t
| Q S |)
2gDA

( 5.75)

225

Coura nt
.
t( V a ) x

( 5.76)

V V

V H

V a

. , V a
a .
Q R= Q

QA)

( 5.77)

- Q B)

(5.78)

( QC-

Q S= QC-

( Q

= H

( H

= H

( H

C
C

(5.79)

H B)

( 5.80)

- H
-

4.3
, ,
,
.
, .
. H, Q, T N
.
.
a. .
b. .
D
.
H
( ND)

H
,
( N D)

Q
Q
=
N D
N D

( 5.81)
D = D ,
.

226

H
=
N

H
, Q = Q , T N =
N N
N
QH

T N
QH

( 5.82)

(5.82) .
T
=
N

T
,
N

H
=
Q

T
=
Q

H
,
Q

T
Q

(5.83)

.
h =

H ,
HR

T ,v=
T R

Q ,
QR

N
NR

( 5.84)

, R H, T , Q, N .

h vs. v ,

h
vs . t an
+ v

vs. v ,

- 1

v ,

h vs .
,
v
v
+ v

vs . t an

- 1

vs .

(5.85)

( 5.86)

v
5.19 . W H( x) W B( x)
5.19 .
WH ( x ) =

h
,
+ v

WB ( x) =

+ v

x=

+ t an

- 1

(5.87)

227

a)
5.20
.
H

+ H Rh - h

= H

(5.88)

H R h ( ) h

.
H Rh = H
h

( + v )WH ( x )

(5.89)

H v | v|

(5.90)

, t H Q R . ,

T= -

W R g
g

d
dt

(5.91)

. W
. ,
= N

T
2
60

R g

T
T

T
T

(5.92)

(5.92) ( 5.91) .
W R g
g

N
T

R
R

15

( 5.93)

t .

31

W R g
g

N
T

R
R

15 t

(5.94)

228

- C

31

(5.95)

)= 0

. ,
+ v

(5.96)

= WB ( x )

( 5.95)
( + v )WB (x ) +

31

. H S , H

0
P

( 5.97)

)= 0

,h , , v , , h

( 5.35), (5.36), (5.88) ,

(5.89), ( 5.90), (5.96), (5.97) .

b)
.

. 5.21
.
. C

, C

, .
.

229

: V

PA

= C3- C

( 5. 98)

: V

PB

= C 1+ C

( 5. 99)

: V
:

PA

+ QS= V

QS= C

PB

2g ( H

( 5. 100)

+ Z AB - H

( 5. 101)

A n Orifice , H S Surg e T a nk .
T im e Ste p .

(t +

t)= H

t Q (t )
S
AS

(t ) -

( 5. 102)

, A S Surg e T a nk , Q S (t ) .

Q S

(5.98) (5.101) Q S .
Q S = 0. 5 C 5 ( - 1 +

C 5=

1+

2g C 0 2 A n 2
C2 A B+ C4 A

C 6= C 5 [ C

4 C 6
C 52

C 6 0 ,

( 5. 103)

+ ( C

+ C

)( H S + Z A B ) ]

Q S = 0 . , Che ck Va lue .

c)
.
.
,
.
. ,
. ,

.
.
.

PU

230

: V

= C1+ C

: N PUQ + Q

( )

: H

u mp

( )

: Q

: H

P UM P

+ H

= C

(5. 104 )

= V PA

p u mp

= H

( 5. 105)
( 5. 106)

2g ( H

= N 2 N st ( C

- H P)

( 5. 107)

Q
N + C 8)

(5. 108)

, H T , A n , Q C
, H

um p

. Polytr opic

.
P

( 5. 109)

, P 0,

, Polytr opic .

.
( H

+ H

at m

ZP)

H2 O

( H

+ H

at m

ZP)

H 2O

( 5. 110)

= ZP-

C
at m

, C T

+ ( H

- ZP+ H

at m

) (

, .

C T
)
C T

( 5. 111)

at m

231

(t +

t)= C

(t ) +

t Q

(t )

Q C (5.104) (5.105) .
Q C = 0. 5 C 5 ( 1 -

1-

4 C 6
)
C 52

(5. 112)

2g C 0 2 A n 2 N N st C 7
N pu - N N st A C 7 C 2

C 5=

H
C 6 = 2g

An

[-

N N st
( C
N pu
N N
1-

1
st

C 7A + N N
A C
N pu

pu

C 8)
]

(5.105) ( 5.112) Q .
1 [A C + A C ( H
1
2
N pu

Q=

QC

2g C

2
0

) - Q C]

( 5. 113)

Q 0 Chec k Va lue Q=0 .

Q .
Q C = 0. 5 C 5 ( - 1 +
C 5=

2g C

C 6 = 2g C

4 C 6
)
C 52

1+

( 5. 114)

2
n

C 2A
2
0

2
n

( H

C
C

. Chec k Valu e Ch eck Va lue .

.
C

: V P = C 1+ C

( 5. 115)

: V P A = Q C
( ) : Q C = -

( 5. 116)

An

2g ( H P -

H T)

( 5. 117)

, C i . Q (5.115) (5.117)
.
Q C = 0. 5 C 5 ( 1 -

1-

4 C 6
)
C 52

(5. 118)

232

C 5=

2g C i 2 A
A C2

C 6 = 2g C

2
i

2
n

2
n

( Hr+

C
C

4.4
Start

Read a nd w rite Data

Locate max imum an d min imum

heads an d H- v alues

Compu te s teady s tate d is char ge

No
II = IOUT

Compu te minimu m d elta T

Yes

Set u p con dition s for

steady s tate ( T =0)

Write ou t H, V an d Head valu es

an d tes t fo r T M AX

Write out s teady s tate con dition s

Prepar e for nex t time s tep compu tatio n

No

T = T T

Compu te H and V at in ten or n odes

Compu te H and V AT intenor ju ctions

one- way s ur ge tan ks

T = T MA X

Yes
Write out max imu m an d min mum
h ea ds and H- valu es

Compu te H and V at dow n stream en d

ST OP
Bou nd ary co nditions at the pu mp
Air ch amber w ith p ump s till operatin g
Air ch amber w ith p ump ch eck va lue clos ed

233

4.5

.
1) , , ,
2) ,
3) , , , ,
4) ,
5) , , , , , ,

6) , (GD )
7) , ,

4.6
4.3 ,
,
.
( 1)BASIC DAT A
)

PUMP
PUMP S ERVICE
PUMP T YPE
NUM BER INST ALLED
NUM BER OPERAT ING
RATED PUMP CAP ACIT Y
RATED PUMP T OTAL HEAD
RATED SPEED OF ROT ATION

M OT OR
MOTOR
MOTOR
MOTOR

AND VALUE OF GD
OUT PUT
VOLTAGE
FREQUENCY

: INT AKE PUMP

: HDR 400- 540A
: 8
: 6
: 31.83
: 46
: 1160

: 450
: 3300
: 60

UNIT S
UNIT S
/ m in
m
rpm

HP
V
Hz

234

NUM BER OF P OLES

MOTOR GD
PUMP GD

: 6
: 44
: 17.9

P IPELINE
DIAM ETER
VALUE OF K/ E
WAVE S PEED
LENGT H
FRICT ION FACT OR
HEAD LOS S

: 1650
: 0.01087
: 964
: 1256.5
: 0.0203
: 1.748

P
Kg.
Kg.

mm
m /s ec
m
m

(2) CALCULATING RESULT S WIT HOUT PREVENT ION DEVICES

DIS T ANCE
ELEVATION
MINIMUM PRESS URE
: - 10.66
kg/
0 m
8.17 m
MAXIM UM PRESS URE
: *****
kg/
***** m
***** m

WAT ER COLUM N S EPARAT ION W ILL OCCUR. P REVENTION DEVICES ARE

NECESS ARY. EXT REME PRES SURE LINES ARE S HOWN BELOW(F IG.00).
(3) T HE S IMULATION DAT A OF P REVENTION DEVICES AGAINST
HAM M ERING
ADOP TION OF AIR CHAM BER
LOCAT ION FROM P UM P S TAT ION
: 0
m
INST ALLED ELEVATION
: 8.17
m
TOT AL AIR CHAM BER VOLUME
: 27.27

INIT AL AIR VOLUM E

: 15.00

POLYT ROPIC EXPONENT

CONNECT ING P IPE DIAM ET ER

: 1.20
: 0.50

WAT ER

235

(4) CALCULATING RESULT S AFT ER PREVENT ION DEVICES ARE INST ALLED
DIS T ANCE
ELEVATION
MINIMUM PRESS URE
: 0.396
kg/
1256.5 m
42.13 m
MAXIM UM PRESS URE
: 7.259
kg/
343.3 m
- 2.13 m

OCCURRANCE OF WAT ER COLUM N SEP AR AT ION IS NOT ANT ICIPAT ED.

EXT REM E PRESS URE LINES ARE SHOWN BELOW(FIG.01).
(5)

RECOM M ENDED PREVENT ION DEVICES DATA

ADOP TION OF AIR CHAM BER
NO. INS T ALLED
: 2
LOCAT ION FROM P UM P S TAT ION
: 0
INST ALLED ELEVATION
: 8.17
EACH AIR CHAM BER VOLUM E
: 15.0
CONNECT ING P IPE DIAM ET ER
: 0.5

S ETS
m
m

AB OVE RECOMM ENDED DATA W ER E S ELECTED CONSIDERING S T EADY

ST ATE F LUCT UAT ION CONDITIONS AND DESIGN SAF ET Y F ACTORS.

236

FIG. 00. EXT REM E PRESSURE LINES

(SYS T E M WIT HOUT CHAMBER)

FIG. 01. EXT REM E PRESSURE LINES

(SYS T E M WIT HOUT CHAMBER)

237

1.
.
( ) ,
, .
, , .

.
( ) ,

,
.
.

( 1) .
20,000Hz , Hz
. 20Hz ,
,
.

( 2) , ,
.

2.
, . ,
, .
,
.

238

2.1
.
.
( ) . ,
. ,
.

N/

. ,

(P a)

( 1) .

SPL

= 2 * 10 -

N /

10

P
P

= 20 log
0

10

P
2x 10

dB

- 5

W/

( 2)

I 0 = 10 -

12

dB

W/

.
L

.
SP L = 20 log

= 10 log

10

I = 10 log
I 0

I
10 -

10

12

( )

P WL

W 0 = 10 -

dB

.
P WL = 10 log

12

10

W
W

= 10 log

10

W
10 -

12

dB)

239

( 1) P
P = P

s in 2 ft

P
f
T

= 1/ T

P
0

2
m

s in

2 ft dt = P

:
:

T :
( 2) P I
I = P 2 / c

: kg/
c : m/s

4 40
SPL

2.2
,
( )
. 1,000Hz x dB x
ph on . ,
1,000Hz .
( ) ph on Londnes s ( ) ( 6.2 ).

240

6 .2 Loud ne s s (IS O)

6 .3 A.B .C

241

6.3 A, B, C
, A .
A .
A 6.2 40 phon , B 70 phon , C 100 phon
.
.
(dB) ph on , (
) dB( A) phon( A)
.

3 .

, .
. ,
.

3 .1
,
. ,
.
, ( ) ,
.

3 .2

.
,
. ,
1/3 . ( Re al T im e An aiy zer )

242

4 .
.
.

4.1
, ,
1m 80 90 dB( A) ,
, . ,
.
.

(1) ,

(2)

(3)

(4)
(5)

(1)

(2)

(3)

243

.
Z, N r pm

f=NZ/60

. f 50 300Hz .
,
. ,

.
, ,
,
.
(1) ( ) .
(2) ( ) .
(3) ( 6.4 ) .
(2), (3) .

6.5 .
.

244

6 .5
(1977 W )
4.2
, .
.

6 .6

245

( )

(1m) 105 115dB(A)

(1m) 110 120dB(A) ( )

. 6.6 .
( ) ,
. , ,
(
) .
,
5 10 dB .

. ,
.
.

,
. 2
,

. ,

( ) ,
( 350m m ) .

4.3
3 .
(1) : , ,
(2) : , .
(3) :
6.7 .
.
2.4 ,
.
. 65dB(A) . ,

246

6 .7

4.4
,
.
. , ,
(( ) ,
.
.
6.8 .

247

6 .8 (2000ps )
5.
, ,
. 6.1 , 6.9
.

248

6 .9
6 .1

1/ 2

( a), ( b)

(c)

,
,

( d)

(e)

, ,

( f)

,
,
. ( )

249

6.
,
.
. 6.10 .
.
.

6.1
.

( ( )

( ) .
.

250

( ) , .
(

) , .

6.2
2 (Root) .
(1) ( )
(2) ( )
(1) . ( ) ,
( ) ( , , )
. (2) 6.11 .

6.3
,
6.12 .
1/4 ,
.

251

7 .
.
,
.
,
.
.
, .

A .
1.

- .

( 1) N P S H

( 2) 6 00 25 00 0 H z
( 3) .

,
( )

.
(1 ) , (2 ) , (3 )
.

.
-

( 4)

( 5)

2.

- .

.
1/ 10 -
10 H z
.

(
.

-
1) ( )

2)

.
3) ( 2 )

.
.
- .
-
3.

.
1/ 10 - ,
10 H z

.

.

, S eq u en c e ,

252

4.

- ,

( 1 )

( 2 ) .

- ()

.

.
.

.
- ,

5.
( 1 ) ,

.
- , ,
.

( 2 )

( 3 )

( 4 )

. .

6.
( 1) ( )

()

( 1)

.
( 2) ,

B AF FL E PL A T E ,
.
,

( 2)

P a s s in g
F r e qu e n c y ,

Z: )

N Z ( N : ,

- P a s s in g

F r e qu e n c y ( N Z ) (
, , ,

) ,
.

( 3)

- ( )
.

253

- , ,
,

, .

.
B.
. 1 . - 1: 1
( 1 )

.(

( 2 )

).
-

(
) .
,
,

.

( 3 )

A lig n m e n t

( 4 )

( 5 )

-
,

.
.

( 6 )

- ,

,
.

( 7 )

-
.

( 8 )

2.
( 1 )

-
.

F l e x ib l e
R ot or .

- ,
,

.
( 2 )

- ,

254

O i l W h ip

(3 ) A l i g n -

(4 )
(1 )

m en t

3.

( ) ,

(2 )

(3 )

(4 )

,
.

(5 )

4. ,

(1 )

R ol l e r

- ( ) .

(2 ) G A P

(3 )

(4 )
5.

(1 )

. ,

, ,

, ,

.

.
25 %
.

255

( 2 )2

- 1 1/ 2
.

, ,
.

6 . O il W h e e l
O i l W hi r l

1/ 2

.
-

. ( 0. 8 )

a) .

(,

b ) 1 2
.

,
.)

c) ,
.

L/ D

d ) , ,
, .

.
, , L ob e

e) , .

, F l o a t in g B u s h , T i l t i n g

f) ,

Pa d .

.
g )
.

( ()
,
.)

2
.
1/ 2 .
O il W h ip , O il W h ir l
.

- ,

.
7.

( 1 )

,
x ( /
C le a r a n c e ) ,
8.

1/ 2 1/ 3

.
-

(, .

256

, .

, ,

a ) , ,

, .

b ) 1/ 3, 1/ 5

.
c ) 1/ 2 ,
1/ 4
.

,
a ) ,

.
b)
.
c )

, 6 O il W h ip
,

.
.

,
,
.
O il W h ip .
.
9.

( 1)

( 2)

( 3) G r ou t

G r ou t .

( 4)

- ,

.
,
, S m o ot h
, S m o ot h
,
,
.

- ,

,


.

257

( 5)

( 1)

- ,

1 0. ,

.

.

- , C o m p on e n t

, .

( 2)

- ,

, .

, ,

- ,
.
( 3 )

- ,

A l ig n m e n t

, ,

.
( 4 )

- ,

, E x p a n s i on .

.
( 5 )

- ,

.
,
,
,
.
( 6 ) ,

,
( ()
) .
.

S h a v in g ,
.

258

8.
,
. 6.2 , .
, ,
.
, (
) .

6.2 FLOW

, ,

,
,

,

Balancing

, , ,

n, 2n, nz, 2nz

f,f

,
, Dam ping

Real tim e analyzer

F ield Bala ncer

M is alignment

F ield Bala ncer

F ield

Aligment

259

9.
6.3 ,
6.4 .
6.3

(
)

MODE

6. 4

No.
1

()

(:)
,

,
,

260

No.

Sine

Sine

Sine

Sine

10 .

. ,
Oil Whip , 1
, ,
.
.

261

10 .1
10 .1 .1

1) , .
.
.

2)
.
.( 6.5 .)

6 .5

ISO 2372

A,B,C,D

e ff

.
ISO 2373

ISO 2945

DIN 45665
IEC

0
0

0
0
0

0
0

e ff

e ff

e ff

ISO 2373

( .)

VDI 2056
VDI 2059

0
0

e ff

262

JEAC 3717

API 610
API 611,612

NEM A- S M21

, ,

JIS B8301

, A

HI

, A

eff

3 ( , , )
.
, .
.
,
.

10 .1 .2
.
,
.
,
. 6.6
.

263

6. 6

1. Dat a

1. .
2. (

2. .

3. pick- up

).

3.
1. .

.
1. .
2. .
3.
.

, , 2
,
.
, API
.

1)
2)
3)
4) . , ,
5)
.
1) (
) ( )
.
2) .

264

3)
.
.
.
a) .
b) .
c) .

10 .1 .3
, , ,
.
, ,
.
.
.
,
.

1) ISO
ISO
(r ms )
.

rms .

.
( 1) 10 200re v/s
ISO- 2372 6.7 6.8 .
Good Da nge rous A, B,

265

C,D .
.
( 2) 80 400mm
ISO- 2373 6.9 6.13
.
( 3) 600 12000rpm

ISO/DIN- 3945 6.10 6.14 .

2) (API)
( Amer ica n Petroleum In stitute)
API .
.
( 1) API- 610 :
( a)
,
, 85% 120% . (Rigid
Rotor ) 120% .
.
, 8 (5 ) .
. 1979
, .
.
( b)
6.15 ,
.
( ) ,
(Pe ak to Pea k) 2.5m ils (m ils=

266

0.001in ch). 6000rpm 0.3in/ sec ,

0.4in/se c .
( 6.16).
( 2) API- 611:
.
4000rpm 2.0mils pea k- pea k
4000 6000rpm 1.5mils pea k- pea k
50%
.
( 3) API- 612 :
2.0m ils( pe ak- pea k)
.
( m ils p - p) =

12000/ rpm

3)
,

, ISO 6.11
.
4) KS
,
6.17 . ,

.
5) HI
Hydr au lic Ins titute

HI

267

,
(Best E fficienc y Point) . ,
.
6.18 6.21 ( )
,
25% . ,
.

6.7

Vib ra tio n s e ve r ity ra n g e s (10 to 1000 Hz)

Velocit y range(rm s )
(effective value of the vibrator y velocit y)
mm / s
in/ s

Range clas s ifica tion

0.11

over
0.071

up t o
0.112

over
0.0028

up to
0.0044

0.18

0.112

0.18

0.0044

0.0071

0.28

0.18

0.28

0.0071

0.0110

0.45

0.28

0.45

0.0110

0.00177

0.71

0.45

0.71

0.00177

0.0280

1.12

0.71

1.12

0.0280

0.0441

1.8

1.12

1.8

0.0441

0.0709

2.8

1.8

2.8

0.0709

0.1102

4.5

2.8

4.5

0.1102

0.1772

7.1

4.5

7.1

0.1772

0.2795

11.2

7.1

11.2

0.2795

0.4409

18

11.2

18

0.4409

0.7087

28

18

28

0.7087

1.1024

45

28

45

1.1024

1.7716

71

45

71

1.7716

2.7953

268

6.8 Vibrat ion s everit y ranges and exam ples of t heir applicat ion t o s mall
machines (Clas s I), medium size ma chines (Clas s II), large m achines
(Clas s III) and t urbo m achines (Clas s IV)
Examples of quality judgement

Ra nges of vibration s everity

Range

for s epara te cla ss es of machines

rms - velocit y v(in m m / s)

Clas s I

at t he range lim its

0.28
0.45
0.71
1.12
1.8
2.8
4.5

0.28

Clas s II

Class III

0.45

Clas s IV

0.71

1.12

1.8

2.8

B
C

4.5

7.1

7.1

11.2
18

B
C

11.2
18

28

28

45

45

71

6.9 Recom mended lim it s of vibration s everity

(for guidance purpos es only) (ISO- 2373)
Qualit y
grade

M aximum r.m.s - values* of t he vibr ation veiocity

Speed
n

for the s haft height, H,in m m

80H132
132H225
225H400

r/ min

mm / s

in/ s

m m/ s

in/ s

mm / s

in/s

600n3600

1.8

0.071

2.8

0.110

4.5

0.177

600n1800

0.71

0.028

1.12

0.044

1.8

0.071

(reduced) 1800n3600
S
600n1800

1.12
0.45

0.044
0.018

1.8
0.71

0.071
0.028

2.8
1.12

0.110
0.044

(s pecial) 1800n3600

0.71

0.028

1.12

0.044

1.8

0.071

N
(norm al)
R

* A sin gle se t of va lues , e.g. th os e a pplica ble to the 132 to 225m m sha ft heig ht,
may be us ed if s hown by experience t o be required.

269

6. 13 Re c om m e n de d m e a s u rin g p oin ts (ISO- 2373)

6. 10 Qu a lity jud g e m e n t of vibr a tion s e ve rity

(ISO/ DIN- 39 45)
Vibrat ion s everit y
V

ms

S upport clas s ificat ion

V

m s

mm / s

in/ s

0.46

0.018

0.71

0.028

1.12
1.8

0.044
0.071

2,8

0.11

4.6

0.18

7.1

0.28

11.2
18.0

0.44
0.71

28.0

1.10

71.0

2.80

Rigid

Flexible

s upports

s upports

good

good

s at is factor y
s at is factory
uns atis fact ory
uns atis fact ory
unaccept able

unacceptable

270

6 .14

6 .15

6. 16 AP I- 6 10

271

6.1 1

Volut e
Pump

Gea r
Pump

Screw
Pump

X mm

N rpm

Vibration
Severit y
(mm / s ec)rpm

500/ h

0.04

1800

2.67

I- C

500/ h

0.06

4.00

I- C

500/ h

0.02

2.67

I- C

500/ h

0.03

4.00

I- C

80/ h

0.04

1.331.78

I- B

80/ h

0.05

1.662.23

I- C

3600

9001200

ISO

0.03

1200

1.33

I- B

100/ h

0.04

1200

1.78

I- B

100/ h

0.06

2.67

I- C

0.03

1800

2.00

I- C

0.01

15000

5.55

II- C

0.015

50009000

3.334.44

II- C

1000/ h

0.08

9001200

2.663.57

II- C

1000/ h

0.10

3.334.45

II- C

1000/ h

0.04

2.67

II- B

1000/ h

0.05

3.33

II- C

F an

Air Com pres s or

5.5 Kw

5522 Kw

2737 Kw

37 Kw

1800

0.10

3.33

0.30

10.0

0.30

10.0

0.20

6.66

0.40

0.40

13.33

0.30

10.0

0.60

20.0

0.60

20.0

0.40

11.313.3

0.80

0.80

900

760900

13.33

22.526.6
22.526.6

I
S
0

272

6. 17 KS

6.18 Ac e pta b le fie ld vib ra tion lim its fo r ho rizo nta l p um p s - c le a r liqu id (R ig id s tr uc tu re s )

273

6.19 Ac c e p ta ble fie ld vibr a tio n lim its for h or iz on ta l no n- c log pu m ps ( Rigid s tru c tur e s )

6.20 Ac c e p ta ble fie ld vibr a tio n lim its for ve r tic a l p um p s & ho nr iz on ta l pu m ps
with p ig gyb a c k m o un te d m oto rs (no n rigid s tru c tur e s )

274

v ib ra t i o n F r e q u e n c y C yc l e s P e r M i n u t e (R e a d i n g s F i l t e re d )
M e a s u r e v ib r a tio n a t to p m o to r b e a r in g o r a t t o p p u m p b e a r in g if m o t o r is n o t in te g r a lly m o u n t e d t o p u m p .

6 .2 1 Ac c e pta b le fie ld vib ra tion lim its fo r ve rtic a l no n- pu m ps (n on - rigid s tru c tur e s )

10 .2
, ,
, , Spa n,
. ,
, .
.
,
.
,
.
, Ba lanc ing M a chine ,
Align men t ,
.
10.1
.

275

,
.

10 .2 .1
, ,
, .
.
. Da ta
, ,
.

1)
,
, , Span, .
Lev el, ,
.


.
2)
1
,
.
.
3)
, .
,
.
.
, , , .
4)

276

,
. ,
.
5)
,
.
, , ,
.

1
,
.
.
.
Oil Whip .
6)
,
,
.

10 .2 .2
( ) .

M isa lign men t 1 ,
2 , , Ra ndom
.

Oil Wh ip,
Im peller Whip, Hydra ulic Whip . Oil W hip
, ,

.

277

,
(Ba lanc ing) , Ce nterin g ,
.
, .
.

, .
1)
( 1)
.
,
. ,
.
6.22 3 .
,
. 8 ,
.

278

a)
.
.
b)
. 6.23
, .
(Critica l Spee d Ma p)
.
c)
, .

.
d)
6.24 .
. ,
.
20%
. API 610 85% 120%
.

279

2
.
.

( 2)

, . ,
, ,
.

. ( Nodal Point)

.
, .
2)
Oil Whip
,
.
.
( 1) Oil Whip
Oil W hip
2 .
Oil Whirl .
, 6.25
1/2 ,
.
.

280

281

xx

xy

=
F

xx

xy

+
K

yx

xy

yx

xy

xx

yy

, A,B
x=Ac os t,

y =Bsin t

1 E
E = {A ( C

xx

+ C

yy

) - AB ( K

xy

- K

yx

)}

E 0 , E 0
.

xx

0,
K

xy

yy

= K

0 ,

yx

. ,
.
, .

a) .
b) .
c) .
. T ilting Pa d .

( 2)

.

282

.
.
a) , .
b ) T ilting Pa d , ,
.
c) .
d) .
e) .

10 .2 .3

API (1988 )
.
API
Q Fa ctor
.
M .

)=

{1 -

( /

( /
2
n )}

)2
4

( /

)2

( ) 6.26
.
, 0.1
.
API , 120% , 85%
.

.

.
, M Q .

283

= 1/

1- 2

1
1 .
1/ (2 ) . Q
Q fa ctor .
Q = 1/2
Q ,

= a i + jb

= -

a i) 2 + ( bi) 2

Q . ,
Q .
6.27 Fie ld Ba lanc e
. F ield Ba lanc e
.
5.0 10.0 .

284

6.2 7

6.2 8

285

6.28 .
, . 4
2.5, 5, 7.5, 10.0
.
A , B
. C
Ba la ncing . D
F ield Ba lan ce . E
.

6.28 .

10 .2 .4

.
1)

.
.
, ,
.

.
2)

.
Moda l ,
.

286

6.29( a) M odal h

K = K b/ K

= C b/ 2 m K

6.29(b) .
h

.
h

= ( 1 + K )/ 2

h .

6.29 Mode l

3) Ba la ncing
.
.
(Bala ncin g Ma chin e) . 300 2000rpm
Bala nc ing
.

287

, , ,
Ba la ncing , Bala nc ing
.
6.30 KS Ba lan cing 2 3 Bala ncing .
Fie ld Bala ncing .
2 6.31 I, II
U , U A, B
A = Ea U E a U
A = E b U E b U
E , E, A, B, U .
U I , U III
. 3 E
U ,U . - U ,- U
.

288

( 4)
M isa lig nmen t . Align men t

.

289

7
1.
, ( )
. (Se quen ce) 1
, ( Feed- Ba ck )
.
1)


2)
1
. 1
.
3)
, ,
.
, ,
.
( )
.

2.

.
1)

290

, ,
.
2)
,
.
3)
, ,
, .
4)
H- Q
H- Q .
5)
( , Y- , 2
),
.
6)
,
, ,
.
7)

, .
8)

, ,

291

, , , .
9)


.
10)
, ,
.
11)
, ,
, .

3.

. ,
7.1 .

. ,
,
.

292

, ,

0
2

) 0 Int er lock
x Inte rlock

4.
7.2 .
7 .2

293

0
0

) 0

5 . .
7.3 .
7. 3

OFF

0
0

294

, ,

) 0 .

6.

.
7.4 .

.
.

1) .
2) (
) .
3) .
7. 4

295

0
0

, ,

()

0
0

. (1) 0 .
(2) .
(3)
.

296

7 .

) . .

7.1 (1)

7. 1(2)

297

7. 2(1) ( )

7 .2(2 ) ( )

298

7. 3(1) ( )

7 .3(2 ) ( )

299

8.
, , ON- OFF
.
1) ( 7.4 )
, 3
.
,
.
.

7. 4

7. 5 ON- OFF

300

7. 6
2) ON- OFF ( 7.5 )
( )
, , . ON- OFF
. .
, .
3) ( 7.6 )
.
Q 2, Q

Q 2 , Q 3 2 , 3

. 1
.

9.
, ,
.
,
.
1) ( 7.7 )
a) :

301

b) : ,
.

7.7

c) :
. .
.
d) :
e ) : ( , , , , )
f)

: ,

, .
2)
,
. .
a) : ,
.
b) : .
c) : ,
.
7.8 2 ,
2 1
.
.

302

3)
,
.
)

[ ] + [ ] -
4)
,
,
.
a ) ( 7.9 )
,

,
, .
b ) ( 7.10 )
24 ,
.
.
,
, .

303

7. 9

7 .10

5)
, ,
.
a ) ( 7.11, 7.12 )
7.11 .
.
, ,
.
, , .
( - - - - - - - ) 7.12
.
,
. OFF- T IME (
) .
.

7 .11

7. 12
( )

304

b ) ( 7.13 )

, , ,
.
, ,
. ,
.

7. 13(a )

7. 13(b )

6)
,
.
.
a ) ( 7.14 )

7 .14

305

,
, 7.14 ,
,
.
b ) ( )( 7.15 )
,
7.15
.

.
( )
. , .
H = f (Q) = K Q N + H o

, H :
Ho:
K :
Q : ( )
N :
Da rc y

N = 2
N = 1.85

,
.

306

1.

, , . , ,
.

2.

( - )

,
,

307

, , ,
.
, .
,
.
, ,
.

2.1

.
,

.
, 2 3 . 2
,
.

2.2
3
2 2
. , 2
2

.
.
1)
2 .
2)
100 150% 100 150%
.

308

3)
4)
.
, 2
50% .
5) Cus hion Sta rt( )
6)
,
.

2.3

( 500 650%)

(100 150%)

100 150%

100 150%

() .

2.4

.
( MG)
.
( )

100%

309

500600% 100150%

100%( )- -

(14% )

3.

Y

( )
90

( )
-

105

60

120

75

120

80

155

105

.
,

.
E
B

, ,

.
, ,


.

310

( )
180

( )
125

180

, ,

.
( )

.
( ) , ,

) F
B(80) .

8. 1 87. 7, 87. 4%, 41. 5 A

3/ 4

1/ 2

(+)

(- )

0 . 05

0. 1

3/ 4

(- )

(- )

1/ 2

11 0%

(+)
2 1%

( )

9 0%

(- )

1 9%

(- )
1 7%

(+)
1%

0. 1 0 .2

(- )

( +)
(- )

0. 5
0 .3

0 .4

0 .6

1 0
7%

(+)

(- )

(- )

2 3%

1. 5 %

0 .2

(+)

(+)

(+ )

(+)
0. 1

0 .2

0. 3

0. 4
0 .5

(- )

( )

(- )
(+)

0 .2
0 .1

(- )
2 1%

12 %

1
( )

(- )
3 4

1 0
1 1%

(+)

(- )

(- )

6 7

1 9%

12 %

10 5%

(- )

(+)

(+)

(+)

(+)

(+)

(+)

(+)

(+ )

(+)

(- )

(- )

(- )

(- )

1 0%
1

5%

5%

5 6%
1

9 5%

(+)

1 1%

(- )

(- )

(- )

(- )

(- )

(- )

(- )

(- )

5%

5%

) (+) , ( - )

(- )

( +)

(- )

(- )

(- )

5 6%

311

) 37KW, 4 , 60Hz 110%

.

140.1%

140.1 1.21=170%

194.1%

194.1 1.21=235%

1758r pm 1758 1.01=1776r pm

100%

87.2% 87.2 (0.05 0.1)=87.25 87.3%

75%

86.2% ( )

50%

82.9% 82.9- (0.1 0.2)=82.8 82.7%

100%

87.7% 86.5- 0.3=87.4%

75%

86.5% 86.5- 0.4=86.1%

50%

81.8% 81.8- (0.5 0.6)=81.3 81.2%

8.5A

8.5 0.93=7.9A

34.6A 34.6 ( 1.1 1.2)=38.1 41.5A

4.
, , 8.1 .

312

.
8.2 T L
a, b, c, , m , , 1 2 .

.

8. 2

6.3
( )

.
. ,
GD .
. 4
6 .

313

2
.
1) ( )

500 650%, 100 200% .
2) - (Y- )
Y
, 1/ 3
.
.
6 3 2 .
45KW .
3)
1
. %
% 2 .
.
4)

.
% 2 ,
% 2
.

6.2
2

.
,

8.2 2

314

.
8.2 T L
a, b, c, , m , , 1 2 .

.

8. 2

6.3
( )

.
. ,
GD .
. 4
6 .

315

7.
7.1
( )
T BT E

T BDP
T BE F

,
,
, , ,

KSC 0906(JIC 0903), 2 , 1 ,
(G ,G G )

) DP= (Drip- Pr oof)

T E = (T otally- Enc los ed)
EP= ( Ex plos ion - Proof)

7.2
1) .
2) (Con duit Box)
.
3) (
) .
4)
.
5) ( Inrus h)
. NE MA
Des ign B.C 5.5 7 .

7.3

H P 746
E ff P F
3

( 3)

316

H P 746
E ff P F E

( )

( K V A ) =

I
3
1000

( K V A ) =

E I
1000

( K W) = K V A

( H P ) =

K W E ff
0. 746

( H P ) =

rpm
746

( 3)

( )
PF

) E

T orque = HP 746
rpm

K W
K V A

PF :

Eff :

7.4

100
57.7

100
33.3

100
33.3

80% T AP

80

64

68

65% T AP

65

42

46

50% T AP
(

50

25

30

80

64

80

50
45

25
20

50
45

37.5

14

37.5

100

75

75

Y-

80% )
50% T AP

45% T AP
37.5% T AP
PART WINDING ( ,
)

75% WINDING
50% WINDING
100
50
50
) , , .

317

7.5 (, KS )

3 60HZ 2P T E

3 6HZ 4P T E

KW HP Fr .No.

Fr .No

(mm )

(m m)

0.75

80

SMK0007H01

19

80

SMK0007H01

19

1.5

90L

SMK0007H02

24

90L

SMK0007H02

24

2.2

90L

SMK0007H02

28

100L

SMK0007H03

28

3.7

112M

SMK0007H05

28

112M

SMK0007H05

28

5.5 7.5

132S

SMK0007H06

38

132S

SMK0007H06

38

7.5

10

132S

SMK0007H06

38

132M

SMK0007H07

38

11

15

160M

SMK0007H08

42

160M

SMK0007H08

42

15

20

160M

SMK0007H08

42

160L

SMK0007H09

42

18.5 25

160L

SMK0007H09

42

180M

SMK0007H10

48

SMK0007H10

48

22

30

180M

M MA21- NS- 1101

48

180M

30

40

180L

M M A21- OS- 1101

55

180L M MA21- QS- 1001

55

37

50

200L

M MA21- QS- 1101

55

200L M MA21- QS- 1001

60

45

60

225S

MM D21- RS- 1101

55

225S

MM D21- RS- 1001

60

55

75

225M

M MD21- SS- 1101

55

225M MM A21- SS- 1001

60

75

100 250M M MA21- US- 1101

55

250M M MA21- US- 1101

55

90

125

M MA21- VS- 1101

60

280S M MA21- VS- 1101

60

110 150 280M MM A21- WS - 1101

60

280M MM A21- WS- 1101

60

280S

132 175

280L

M M A21- XS- 1101

60

280L M MA21- XS- 1101

60

150 200

280L

M M A21- XS- 1101

60

280L M MA21- XS- 1001

60

( )KS

318

7.6 (, KS )

319

9
1.

( Sliding

Be ar ing) (Rolling Bea ring)

. , .

9.1

.
.

1 .1
1)

. ,
,
. ,
, ( ) ,
.
a)
,

320

, .
,
, . , ,
( ) .
( )
,
1/5 .
M a chine , Dy nam o
.
b)
,

.
. 1.5kg /
0.8kg / .
c)
( )
, , ,
.
.
, . ( )
Lig num Vita e( : ) .
( ) .
, .
.

. , ( ) ,
, ,
.

. ,

321

, ,
, .
.
50 . ,
. ,
.
, ,
.
. 100
, .

d)
, ( )
. .
,
. ,
.
.
.

2)
Sliding
. Colla r ,

( Mich ell)

. Colla r

Sliding ,
.
,
, .
( )
.

322

1.2
1)

9. 1

323

9 .2

2)
a ) (Deep Groove Ball Be ar ing )
,
. ( )
( )
. (Se al)
(Shie ld)
- 20 +100
.
.

324

8 16 .
b ) (M ag neto Bea rin g)

,
. 2 .

. , (Gyr o) .
c ) (Ang ular Contac t Ball Bear ing )
,
40 15 ,30 .
.
( )

.
d) ( Self- Alig ning Ball Bea ring )
( ) ,
.(
4 ). .
. .
e ) ( Cy linder ica l Rolle r Be ar ing )

. N NU
. NJ

(NF ) .
.
. 2 4 .
.
f) (Sphe ric al Roller Bea rin g)
,

325

. ,

30 .
.
.
.
g ) (T a per ed Roller Bea ring )
.
. ,
,
.
, .

.
.
,
,
. 2
.
h ) ( T hr ust Ba ll Be ar ing)
, ,
. ,
.
. ,
.
.
) (Nee dle Roller Bea ring )
3 10
. ( )
.

326

.
. (She ll) (Solid)
.
3)
a)

, .

. ( )
.

.
b)

, ,
.
c)
, ,
.


, .
.

12

16

2 4

327

30

d)
.

. ,
,
.
e)

(N, NJ ), ,

.
f)

.
, , .
g)
,
.
h)

, , , ,
.
.
,
.
4)
a)

328

329

330

.

.
.

. ,
.

. .
.
,




b)
)
)
.
, ( 9.3.a )
( 9.3.b)
. ,
,
. ( 9.3.c, 9.3.d)

(a)

( b)

(c)

9.3

(d )

331

)
,
.
80 120
( 9.4.a , 9.4.b)
.

. .


.

.

)

.
.

. ( Feele r Ga ug e)
,

332

1:12
15:1 .
40 50% .
.

.

0 .

. (Dial Gaug e)
.
.
c)
.


. .
( , )
( )
( , , , )
( , )

.
5)

. ,
,

333

.
a)
(S eizur e)
.
) , .
, .
) ,
.
)
.
) ( ) .
b)
, ,
.
.
30 50%
.
. ( )

NLGI(Na tiona l Lubric ating Grea se Institute )
, NLGI 1 3 .
,
.
. ( :T hick ener )
.
, ( Lithium )
.

. , , , ,
.

334

= K(

14
n

10
d

- 4d)

, Lg : , ( hou rs)
K : ( 9.3 )
n : (r.p.m)
d : (m m)
9. 3 K

5
10

335

, .
.

, .
30
50% .
G = 5. 1

10

- 6

( 9.2)

DB

, G: ( KG)

D: (m m) B: (m m)

( Nipple)
.
c)
)
( : Oil Ba th Method)
, .
,
.
( : Oil Droplet Method)
,

.
( : S pla sh Oil Lubr ica tion)

.
( : Oil Circ ulation)

.
.
. (dm , n 100
)
.
)

336

.
50 1
. 100
3 1 .
.
, .
6)
a)
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
..
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

337

.
.
.


.
b)
.
50 60 .
.
.
c)
.
.

.
d)
.

. .
, , , ,
, .
. , ,
.
. , ,

.
.
1 2 .
,
, , .

338

. , ,
, , ,
.
9.4 .

9. 4

, ,

,
, ,

, ,

(Brineling )

(Fla king )

, , ,

, ,

, ( )

, ,

,
, ,

339

, , ,

(Br ineling )

, ,

2 .
,
.
,
.
,
.
.
,
.
, .
, ,
,
.
,
, .
,
.

, .

340

.
.

.

2 .1

. No
Pa cking ,
, ,
.
Ga sk et Pa cking
. .
.
.
, .
.
.
.
, , , , , ,
, , , ,
.
, .
.
.

.
, .
.
,

341

2 .2

, .
.

( .)
, .
.

.
.
.
, , , , ,
, .

, .
,
.

.
.

.
,
. W ar ter Se alin g
.
.
.

342

.
w = 1. 6 d
0 .65

w= d

w =0.1d+7

(9.3)
( 9.4)
(9.5)

. , w: (m m), d: ( mm ) . 9.3,
9.4, 9.5 9.6 .

9.6

.
5

6 .

0 5kg/
z = 1. 2

d
w

( 9.6)

, z :
d : (m m)
w : (m m)
, 5kg/ 1 .

.

343

9.7

.

9. 7

2 .3

.
,
.
( 9.8)
( 9.9)
. ,
,
.
, .
3 .
a)
b ) ( )
c ) ( )
a) , b)
Be llow , Fle xible We dge , c)
.

344

9.8

9.9

2 .4

,
.
KS B 2800
. .
,
.
9.10 .

9. 10

345

.
. .

.

.
.

.
,
. ,
, .

.

. .
.

.

.
.
, , .

346

.
.
.

,
.

.

.

,
.

. .

.
.

.
0 ,
.

.

347

9.4

,
Q<3

0. 01

1 20 0c c/ H r

1 7

Q = 30 0

c c/ H r .

,
.

.
PV

P V < 40

6 0( k g f/ c m , m/ s ) ,

P V = 30

10 00

P V < 9 00

PV .

2 00 0 (k g c m m / s )

()

0.0 7
0.0 8m m
.

. .

348

,
.

349

10

1.
1 .1
1 .1. 1
, ,
, ,
.
1/50 ,
.
. ,
2m /se c, 3m/ sec .
10 15
.
1 .1. 2
.
3m/ sec
. ( )
.
,
.
,
.
1 .2
.
0.05m m , .
.

350

.
Be nding ,
.
.
1 .3

. 90
. ,
, .
0.5kg / .
.

1 0.2

351

1 .4
1 .4. 1

, 1 1 2 .

1 .4. 2
.
1 .5
1 .5. 1
1)
:
:
:
.
:
2) .
3) .
4)
5) (Prim ing )
6)
7)
8)
9)
10)
1 .5. 2
1) : ,

352

2) : , ,
3) : , , ,
4) ,
5) : ,
6) , : , ,
1 .5. 3
1) ( )
2)
3)
4)

2.
2 .1

. , Ns Ns
. Ns
.

.
.
. ,
, .
. ,
( )

.
Ht= H

- H

: ( m)

+ H

+ ( vd) 2 / 2g -

(v s ) 2 / 2g

( 10.1)

353

: (m) .

: (m ) .

( - , +)
H

: ( ) , ( H G )

( vd) 2 / 2g : ( m)
( vs ) 2 / 2g : (m)

.

.
.

10. 4

354

Ht = H

+ H

+ ( V d) 2 / 2g

(10.2)

10.4 .

( Vd ) 2 / 2g

.
2 .1. 1
.
1) .

.
2)
,
. 10.5 D Q- H, Q- P

D Q - H , Q -

P .

Q, Q H, H

.
Q/ Q = H/ H = ( D/ D) 2 = OA / OA

(10.3)

355

Q - P . R
Q- H, Q - H B, B
C, C
.
2 .1. 2

.

.

. .
,
.

.
2 .1. 3
.
.

.
2 .2
.
2 .2. 1

.
.

356

(1) .
, ,
.
(2) .
. 2
1
.
(3) .
2 .2. 2

,
.

.
2 .2. 3

.

.
2 .2. 4

.
,

.
2 .2. 5

357

.
2 .2. 6
.
2 2

.
2 .3
,
.
2 .3. 1 ,

.

.
2 .3. 2
,
.
.
2 .4

. ,
, .
2 .5 ,
, ,

358

.
2 .5. 1

.

. .
f 1 = ZN / 60

(10.4)

: (Hz)

: (r pm)

. .

, ,
.
2 .5. 2 ,
.
. ,
.
.
f=k V/ d

(10.5)

, f : (Hz)
k :
- k=0.202
- k=0.15 0.2
d : (m )
( )
V : [m/s ec]

359

.

.
, .
.

.
2 .5. 3
.
.
(1) . -
.
(2) . -
.
2 .5. 4
(10.4)
. .


.
.
.
2 .5. 5
,
( 10.6 ) A F

360

. .
.

2 .5. 6
,
1/ 2
.
( 10.7)
.
.
.


.

361

2 .5. 7
, ( )
.
2 .5. 8
.
,
. 10.1
.
10. 1
(r pm )

300

( )

(r pm)

( )

71

1500 2000

40

600

65

2000 3000

29

600 1000

58

3000 4000

25

1000 1500

49

4000

25

300

2 .6 ,
, .
2 .6. 1
,

, ,
.

40 .
.
1)

362

.
10.1 ( a)
, ( b) C
4 0.05mm .
C , 4
0.05mm .
1/4 , 1/2 0.05mm .
( )
2)

.
.
.
1/3 1/ 2 .
3)

.
4)

.

. ,
.
5)
,
, , .

363

2.6 .2
1)
.
2)
,
.

.

2.7

10.2
.
10 .2

0
0

364

( )

365

3. ,
, , , , ,
.

, .

3.1

.

3.1 .1
1)
2) ,
3) ,
4)
5)
6)
7) ,
8)
9)

3.1 .2
1)
2)

3.1 .3
1)
2)
3)
4)

366

3.1 .4 1
1)
2)
3)

, . ,
.
1 .

.
. ,

.

3.2
.
.

.
10.3 .

3.3


.
1) ,


.

367

2)
.
3)

.
4)
5)

10 .3

B (0.025 0.03)

.
, ,

40000

4 6 )
C

1.5

368

3.4 ,
, .
1)
,
. ,
, .
2)
, ,
. .
3)
10.3
.

369

11 ( )
1.
,
, , , ,
.

.

1.1
.
,
.

.
.

1.2
,
. Loctite .
.

1.3

.
V-
. ,
. .
.
, Con stan t Lev el Oiler

370

. Consta nt L eve l Oile r .

.

1.4

1.5
.

. 50m
.
.
.
. 1.5 2kg / .
0.25 /m in .

2.

2 .1

,
.

2.2
.
.

(Bending ) .

371

(Spirit Leve l) .
. ,
(Cav ity)
. , .
.
.

2.3

, .
.
.
.
.
.

2.4
,
.( 11.1). a=a , b=b ,
3m m
. ( Alignm ent Jig ) 11.2 .

.
.

3 .
3.1
.

.

372

. .
.
.

3.2 (Ve nting) (P rim in g)

. (
) ( Ven t Orifice )
( Ve nt Plug ) , .
( )
.
( Foot Va lve )
.

3.3

.
1) .
2) . ( )
3) .
4) .
5)
.

3.4
1) .
2) .
3) . ( )

3.5
(Dr ain Plug )

373

( Ve nt Plug )
.
.

4.
4.1

.
.
.

4.2

20 30 (68 86 F) .
.

.
.

4.3
.
, .
.
. 10 6 1
. 5.3

4.4

.
.

374

(r pm)

( m )

(r pm)

( m )

300

71

1500 2000

40

200 600

65

2000 3000

29

600 1000

58

3000 4000

25

1000 1500

49

4000

25

5.

5 .1
1)
.
2,000 .
(Gun) .
. ( d) (n)
11.3 . ( Petrol)
(Benzol) .

. .
.
2)

Consta nt Lev el Oiler . Cons tan t
Leve l Oiler .
.( 11.4 ).
. 200
2,000 . 8,000
. 50 3.5 4.5
E(120 F 25 36Cs ) .

375

5.2

2/

SHEL L- ALVANIA 2
GULF- GULF CROWN NO.3

1 2/

CALT E X- M OBIL UX 2
50 25 36Cs
.
CALT E X- M EROPA 220
SHEL L- OM AL A 220

5.3

.
.
.
.
180 .

. .

6.
.
, .

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 14, 16

17, 22, 23, 24, 34, 39

2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 22,
23, 24, 34, 39

376

1, 3, 9, 10, 11, 21, 22, 27, 29, 30, 31, 33,

34, 40, 41
2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 14, 16, 17,

21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 34

15, 18, 20, 34

4, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 34

27, 28, 29, 30, 33, 34, 35, 36, 38, 39, 41
12, 13, 27, 28, 29, 30, 33

34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 41

12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 23, 25, 27, 28

31, 34, 35, 37, 38, 44

2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 15, 17, 18
21, 23, 24, 27, 28, 29, 31, 31, 32, 33, 34,

40, 41, 42, 45, 46

27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 40, 41, 42,

43, 44, 45, 46

1.
2.
3. (NPS Hr e NPSHav )
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.

377

13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21. ( )
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.

378

43.
44.
45.
46.

7.
7.1

,

.
1) , ,
.
2) . (
)
3) .
4) .
5)
.
6) .
7) .
8) 5.1 .
9) .
10) .
11) .
12) .
13) .
.
14) .
15) .
16) . , , .

379

. .

.

7.2
.
.

7.3
7.1 .
.
1)
,
.
2) O- Ring

O- Rin g .

O- Ring
. O- Rin g .
3)
Loctite . ( 7.4 )
4)
.
5.3 .
5) .
Loctite 5.1
.

380

6) V-
V- .
7)
,
.
.
.
8)

.
.
9)
2.4
.

7.4 Lo ctite
L oc tite
.

Loctite
.
1)
(T ric hlor o Ethy lene) (Gr ea se Solv ent)

381

2)
Loc tite Loctite

. Loctite
.
3)

24 2 4 40%
. 120 15
.
4)
L oc tite .
250 .
.
5)
Loctite Loctite .
Loctite (Dr y)
.

382

11. 3

11. 4 Con s ta n t Le ve l Oile r

383

1 1.1

(g) (g)

()

d()

D()

b()

125- 140

6307

6307

35

80

21

27

0.12

125- 174

6307

6307

35

80

21

27

0.12

125- 200

6307

6307

35

80

21

27

0.12

125- 250

6307

6307

35

80

21

27

0.12

125- 310
150- 250

6307
6308

6307
6308

35
40

80
90

21
23

27
36

9
12

0.12
0.16

150- 280

6308

6308

40

90

23

36

12

0.16

150- 310

6308

6308

40

90

23

36

12

0.16

150- 340

6308

6308

40

90

23

36

12

0.16

150- 400

6308

6308

40

90

23

36

12

0.16

150- 430

6307

6307

35

80

21

27

0.12

150- 500
200- 280

6310
6310

6310
6310

50
50

110
110

27
27

54
54

18
18

0.23
0.23

200- 340

6310

6310

50

110

27

54

18

0.23

200- 400

6310

6310

50

110

27

54

18

0.23

200- 500

6312

6312

60

130

31

72

24

0.29

200- 620
250- 280

6312
6312

6312
6312

60
60

130
130

31
31

72
72

24
24

0.29
0.29

250- 340

6312

6312

60

130

31

72

24

0.29

250- 400

6312

6312

60

130

31

72

24

0.29

250- 500

6314

6314

70

150

35

90

30

0.40

200- 620
300- 280

6314
6314

6314
6314

70
70

150
150

35
35

90
90

30
30

0.40
0.40

300- 340

6314

6314

70

150

35

90

30

0.40

300- 400

6314

6314

70

150

35

90

30

0.40

300- 500

6316

6316

80

170

39

110

35

0.51

300- 620

6316

6316

80

170

39

110

35

0.51

384

(g) (g)

()

d()

D()

b()

400- 390

6314

NU314

70

150

35

90

30

0.40

400- 440

6316

NU316

80

170

39

110

35

0.51

400- 480

6316

NU316

80

170

39

110

35

0.51

400- 540

6318

NU318

90

190

43

380

45

0.65

400- 620
500- 510

6320
6316

NU320
NU316

100
80

215
170

47
39

535
110

55
35

1.1
0.51

500- 640

6320

NU320

100

215

47

535

55

1.1

500- 700

6322

NU322

110

240

50

670

65

1.3

500- 790

6324

NU324

120

260

55

780

75

1.6

500- 890
600- 540

6328
6316

NU328
NU316

140
80

300
170

62
39

940
110

95
35

2.3
0.51

600- 620

6318

NU318

90

190

43

380

45

0.65

600- 710

6322

NU322

110

240

50

670

65

1.3

600- 830
700- 590

6324
6320

NU324
NU320

120
100

260
215

55
47

780
535

75
55

1.6
1.1

700- 710

6322

NU322

110

240

50

670

65

1.3

700- 820
800- 740

6326
6322

NU326
NU322

130
110

280
240

58
50

870
670

85
65

2.0
1.3

800- 840

6324

NU324

120

260

55

780

75

1.6

800- 970

6328

NU328

140

300

62

940

95

2.3

385

1 1.2 ( 11. 5 )

125- 140

D/d/ I ()
80/55/ 95

()
1212

()
211

400- 390

D/ d/ I ()
122/ 90/ 125

()
1616

()
335

125- 170

80/55/ 95

1212

211

400- 440

150/ 110/ 50

2020

410

125- 200

80/55/ 95

1212

211

400- 480

150/ 110/ 150

2020

410

125- 250

80/55/ 95

1212

211

400- 540

160/ 120/ 150

2020

442

125- 310
150- 250

80/55/ 95
85/60/ 95

1212
1212

211
227

400- 620
500- 510

170/ 130/ 150

150/ 110/ 150

2020
2020

473
410

150- 280

85/60/ 95

1212

227

500- 640

170/ 130/ 150

2020

473

150- 310

85/60/ 95

1212

227

500- 700

180/ 140/ 150

2020

505

150- 340

85/60/ 95

1212

227

500- 790

200/ 150/ 180

2525

553

150- 400

85/60/ 95

1212

227

500- 890

230/ 150/ 180

2525

647

150- 430

80/55/ 95

1212

211

150- 500
200- 280

95/70/ 95
95/70/ 95

1212
1212

260
260

600- 540

150/ 110/ 150

2020

410

200- 340

95/70/ 95

1212

260

600- 620

160/ 120/ 150

2020

442

200- 400

95/70/ 95

1212

260

600- 170

180/ 140/ 150

2020

505

200- 500

112/80/ 125

1616

303

600- 830

200/ 150/ 180

2525

553

200- 620
250- 280

112/80/ 125
112/80/ 125

1616
1616

303
303

700- 590

170/ 130/ 150

2020

473

250- 340

112/80/ 125

1616

303

700- 710

180/ 140/ 150

2020

505

250- 400

112/80/ 125

1616

303

700- 820

210/ 160/ 180

2525

584

250- 500

122/90/ 125

1616

335

250- 620
300- 280

122/90/ 125
122/90/ 125

1616
1616

335
335

800- 740

180/ 140/ 150

2020

505

300- 340

122/90/ 125

1616

335

800- 840

200/ 150/ 180

2525

553

300- 400

122/90/ 125

1616

335

800- 970

230/ 150/ 180

2525

647

300- 500

150/ 110/ 150

2020

410

300- 620

150/ 110/ 150

2020

410

386

12
1.
1.1
*: (SI)

m *

in

ft

()

yd

0.01

10.0

0.39370

0.032808

0.01094

0.03300

100

1000

39.37008

3.280840

1.09361

3.30000

0.100

0.00100

0.03937

0.0032808

0.00109

0.00330

2.5400
30.480

0.02540
0.30480

25.400
304.800

1
12

0.0833333
1

0.02778
0.33333

0.08382
1.00584

91.44

0.91440

914.40

36

3.01752

30.303

0.30303

303.030

11.939

0.994293

0.33140

1.2
*
1
10000

ha

in

0.00011
1

1550.0031

0 .64 5169

0.0064516

10

- 7

0.092903

0 .92903

10

- 5

0.836127

0 .83613

10

- 4

10

- 3

9917

0.9917

3.3057785

0 .33058

ft
10.76391

( )

y d
1.19599

0.00010084
1.008369

( )
0.302501

15500031

107639.1

11959.9

0.006944

0.0007716

0 .65056

10

- 7

3025.1
0.000195

144.0

0.111111

0 .93681

10

- 5

0.02810

1296.0

0 .84 313

10

- 4

15371381

106745.7

11860.6

3000

5123.97

35.5841

3.95368

0.00033333

0.252929

1.3
d ()

ft

g al( )

gal()

()

0.001

0.035317

0.21998

0.2642

0.0055435

0.035937

1000

35.317

219.98

264.2

5.5435

35.937

28.3153

0.028315

6.22786

7.4805

0.15696

1.0175

4.5465
3.7852

0.0045465
0.0037852

0.16057
0.13368

1
0.83254

1.20114
1

0.025204
0.020983

0.16339
0.13603

180.39

0.18039

6.3707

39.676

47.656

6.4827

27.826

0.027826

0.98274

6.1203

7.3514

0.15425

1.4
kg *

lb

t()

()

t()

( )

0.001

2.20462

0.000984205

0.0011023

0.2667

1.667

1000
0.45359

1
0.0004536

2204.62
1

0.984205
0.0004464

1.10231
0.00051

266.67
0.12095

1666.7
0.75599

1016.0474

1.01605

2240

1.12

270.937

1693.4

907.185

0.90719

20000.89286

241.908

1519.8

3.75

0.00375

8.2673

0.0036906

0.004134

6.25

0.6

0.0006

1.3228

0.00059052

0.00066133

0.16

387

1 .5
k pa *

kg f/

ba r

lb f/ in

(p s i)

atm

( =1.0)

(=13.59509)

mH O

ftHO

0.01

0.0101971

0.145036

0.00986923

0.101972

0.334554

7.50062

0.2953

100

1.019701

14.5036

0.986923

10.1972

33.4554

750.062

29.53

98.0665

0.980665

14.2233

0.967839

10

32.8084

735.559

28.96

6.89476

0.0689476

0.0703070

0.0680458

0.703070

2.30666

51.715

2.036

101.325
9.80665

1.01325
0.980665

1.03323
0.1000

14.6959
1.42233

1
0.0967839

10.3323
1

33.8986
3.28084

760.000
73.5559

29.92
2.896

2.98907

0.0298907

0.030480

0.433526

0.0294997

0.30480

22.4198

0.8827

0.133322

0.00133322

0.00135951

0.0193367

0.00131579

0.0135951

0.0446033

0.03937

3.386

0.03386

0.03453

0.4912

0.03342

0.3453

1.133

25.400

atu

Hg (T or r)

InH g

1 .6
/ s

/ Hr

/ min

gal/ min( )

g al/ min()

ft/ Hr

ft/ min

1
0.2778

3.6
1

0.060
0.016668

13.1977
3.6658

15.8514
4.4032

127.14
35.317

21.192
0.5886

16.666

60.0

219.98

264.1833

2119.183

35.3165

0.075775

0.27279

0.0045465

1.2011

9.6342

0.16056

0.06309

0.2271

0.0037824

0.8325

8.0208

0.13368

0.007865
0.47192

0.02832
1.6989

0.0004719
0.02832

0.1038
6.22787

0.1247
7.4851

1
60.0

0.01668
1

1.7
PS ()

H P()

K W*

kg f- m/ s

ft- lb/ s

kcal/ s

Btu/ s

0.9859

0.7355

75

542.5

0.1757

0.6973

1.0143

0.746

76.07

550.2

0.1782

0.7072

1.3596
0.01333

1.3405
0.01315

1
0.009807

101.97
1

737.6
7.233

0.2389
0.002343

0.9480
0.009297

0.001843

0.001817

0.001356

0.1383

0.0003239

0.001285

5.691

5.611

4.186

426.9

3087

3.968

1.434

1.414

1.055

107.6

778.0

0.2520

1 .8
J *

kg fm

1
9.807
1.356

ftlb f

K WHr

PSH r()

0.10197

0.7376

1
0.1383

7.233

0 .2724

10

0 .3776

10 -

3 .6

10

3 .671

10

2 .655

10

2 .64 8

10

2 .700

10

1 .953

10

2 .686

10

2 .739

10

1 .981

10

4 .168

10

1 .055

10

426.9
107.6

3.089
778.0

10 -

0 .2778

- 5
6

1
0.7355
0.746
0.001163
0 .293

10 -

kcal

BT U

10

- 6

0 .3724

10 -

0.0002389

0.000948

0 .3704

10

- 5

0 .3652

10

0.002343

0.009297

0 .5121

10

- 6

0 .504 9

10 -

0.0003239

0.001285

860.0

3.413

632.5
641.6

2.510
2.546

3.968

0.2520

0 .3777

1.3596
1
1.0143
0.001581
3

HPH r()

0 .3984

1.3405
0.9859
1
0.001559
10

- 3

0 .3928

10 -

388

1.9
1)
, dv/dy ,
= dv /dy .
.
1 (Poise ) =1g/( s)
= kg f s/( 98 )
= 0.0672 Ib/( ft s )

cP
1
100
1000
9806.65
6.9

0.01
1
10
98.0665

10 6

6.9

10 4

kg f s/

Pa S

0.001
0.1
1
9.80665
6.9

10

lb s/ in

0.00010197
0.0101973
0.101973
1
3

7 . 03

10

10 10 10 -

1 .44 9
1 .44 9
1 .44 9

7
5
4

0.00142
1

2)
.
= /

cSt

: ( / s)
: (1kgf s / ){Pa s}
: (kg f s /m ){k g/ }
, 1 / s=10 S t,

1S t=1 / s

100

10

92.900

/s

St

929

10

10

ft /s

10

- 6

10

- 4

0.00001076
0.001076

10.76

0.0929

389

1.10

()

0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
32
34

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

0.5 1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

5.5

6.0

6.5

7.0

7.5

8.0

8.5

9.0

9.5

10

11

12

13

90
90
91
92
92
93
93
94
94
94
95
95
95
95
95
96
96
96

71
74
75
77
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
85
86
86
87
87
88
88

63
66
69
71
73
74
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
82
83
83
84
84

56
59
62
65
67
69
71
72
74
75
76
77
78
78
79
80
80
81

50
53
56
59
62
64
66
68
69
70
72
73
74
75
75
76
77
77

43
47
51
54
57
59
61
63
65
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
73
74

37
42
46
49
52
55
57
59
61
63
64
66
67
68
69
70
70
71

32
37
41
45
48
51
54
56
58
59
61
62
63
65
66
67
67
68

28
33
37
41
44
47
50
52
54
56
58
59
60
62
63
64
65
65

23
29
33
37
41
44
47
49
51
53
55
56
58
59
60
61
62
63

20
25
30
34
37
41
43
46
48
50
52
53
55
56
57
58
59
60

16
22
26
31
34
38
41
43
45
47
49
51
52
54
55
56
57
58

13
19
24
28
32
35
38
40
43
45
47
48
50
51
52
53
54
55

10
16
21
25
29
32
35
38
40
42
44
46
47
49
50
51
52
53

8
14
19
23
27
30
33
36
38
40
42
44
45
47
48
49
50
51

6
4
11 10
16 14
21 19
25 23
28 26
31 29
34 32
36 34
38 36
40 38
42 40
43 41 4
45 3
46 44
47 45
48 46
49 47

2
8
13
17
21
24
27
30
32
34
36
38
39
41
42
43
44
45

1
6
11
15
19
23
26
28
30
32
34
36
37
39
40
41
42
43

4
9
13
16
20
22
25
27
29
31
33
34
36
37
38
39
40

2
7
11
14
17
20
22
25
27
28
30
31
33
34

1
5
9
12
15
18
20
22
24
26
28
29
30
31

80
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
88
89
89
90
90
91
91
91
91
92

2.S I
2.1

: F
: P

1Pa=1N/ m

: b ar

1bar=

:k g/

1kg/ =

10 5 Pa
10

- 3

:Pa S

: / s

: H

1PaS=1 k g f/ ( ms)

=
=
=

1kg f/
=98.0665 k Pa
=0.980665 b ar

1kg f/
=1000 k g/

1P=100cP=0.1 PaS
1St = 100cSt = 1

: W
P [ Pa ]
[ kg / ] g
P [ k Pa ]
10
[ k g / ]g
P [ ]
[ kg / ] g

1kg f=9.80665N

kg f/ k gfs / m 1kg fs / m
=9.80665 k g/
k gf/

: SP

k gf

k gf/

H [m ]

1N=1k gm/ s

: N

: Pa

SI

1W=1J/ s =1Nm/ s

H [ m ] = P [ k g f/ ] 10
[ k g f/ ]

10

= 100/ s
1 Ps =0.7355 KW
=0.986322 HP

10 - 4 / s

390

2.2

SP = K

H Q

[ K W]

K , k gf/ ,
.

kPa

ba r

kg f/

/s

9.80665

100

98.0665

/ min

0.16344

1/60

5/3

1.6344

1/3600

1/36

1/36.7

/ Hr

/367

/s

9.80665 / 1000

1/1000

1/10

98.0665/1000

/min

0.16344 / 1000

1/160000

1/600

1.6344/ 1000

1/367

1/3600

1/36

1/367

ton/Hr

2.3
N s = N Q 1/ 2/ H

3/4

Ns (m - /s- rpm )
( m- / s- r pm)

= 0.129 Ns(m , /m in, rpm )

= 4.083 Ns(m , /m in, rpm )

( ft- ft / min- rpm)

( ft- ft / s- r pm)

= 2.438 Ns(m , /m in, rpm )

= 0.314Ns (m, / min, r pm)

( ft, U.S.g a llon, rpm) = 6.68 Ns( m, /m in, r pm)

( ft, Im p.g allon, r pm) = 6.09 Ns(m , /m in, rpm )
Q

/ min

/s

/s

ft /m in

GPM

ft

ft

Ns

0.129

4.083

2.438

6.68

7.746

31.623

18.884

51.72

0.245

0.032

0.597

1.634

0.410

0.053

1.675

2.74

0.1495

0.01935

0.611

0.365

391

3.

9 . 80665 m s

1.013250 ba r

13595 . 10 k g m

273.15 K

337 . 7 m s
144 8 m s

(10 )

23.03

( 20 )

11.7

29.1

18 23

10 12

10 11

17 18

999 . 972 k g m
= 1 . 0333 k g /
= 760mmH g

- 3

- 2

- 3

- 1
- 1

10 12

at u = 1k g /
at u

= 1 . 0333 k g /
= 1013 mmb ar

n = 1 .4

10 -

deg

- 1

4.
4.1
t

Ps

Ps

Ps

Ps

k g/

k g/

k g/

kg/

k g/

kg/

p .s.i.a

kg/

0.0062

0.9998

68

0.2912

0.9788

155

5.540

0.9121

32

0.0885

0.9999

0.0067

0.9999

70

0.3177

0.9777

160

6.302

0.9073

40

0.1217

1.0000

0.0072

0.9999

72

0.3463

0.9765

165

7.146

0.9023

60

0.2563

0.9990

0.0077

1.0000

74

0.3769

0.9754

170

8.076

0.8973

80

0.5069

0.9966

0.0083

1.0000

76

0.4098

0.9742

175

9.101

0.8920

100

0.9492

0.9931

0.0095

0.9999

78

0.4451

0.9730

180

10.225

0.8869

120

1.692

0.9888

0.0109

0.9998

80

0.4829

0.9718

185

11.456

0.8814

140

2.889

0.9833

10

0.0125

0.9996

82

0.5234

0.9705

190

12.800

0.8760

160

4.741

0.9773

12

0.0143

0.9994

84

0.5667

0.9693

195

14.265

0.8703

180

7.510

0.9702

14

0.0163

0.9992

86

0.6129

0.9680

200

15.857

0.8646

190

9.339

0.9667

16

0.0185

0.9989

88

0.6623

0.9667

205

17.585

0.8587

200

11.53

0.9632

392

Ps

Ps

Ps

Ps

kg/

k g/

kg/

k g/

kg/

k g/

p .s .i.a

k g/

18

0.0210

0.9985

90

0.7149

0.9653

210

19.456

0.8528

210

14.696

0.9583

20

0.0238

0.9982

92

0.7710

0.9640

215

21.477

0.8465

220

17.19

0.9552

22

0.0269

0.9977

94

0.8307

0.9625

220

23.659

1.8403

240

24.97

0.9467

24

0.0304

0.9972

96

0.8942

0.9611

225

26.007

0.8339

260

34.43

0.9373

26

0.0343

0.9966

98

0.9616

0.9596

230

28.531

0.8272

280

49.20

0.9281

28

0.0385

0.9961

100

1.0332

0.9583

235

31.239

0.8206

300

67.01

0.9180

30

0.0432

0.9955

102

1.1092

0.9568

240

34.140

0.8136

320

89.66

0.9076

32

0.0485

0.9949

104

1.1898

0.9554

245

37.244

0.8064

340

118.0

0.8964

34

0.0542

0.9942

106

1.2751

0.9540

250

40.56

0.7992

360

153.0

0.8845

36

0.0606

0.9934

108

1.3654

0.9525

255

44.10

0.7918

380

196.0

0.8725

38

0.0675

0.9928

110

1.4609

0.9510

260

47.87

0.7840

400

247.3

0.8594

40

0.0752

0.9921

112

1.5618

0.9495

265

51.88

0.7759

420

308.8

0.8457

42

0.0836

0.9913

114

1.6684

0.9479

270

56.14

0.7678

440

381.6

0.8317

44

0.0928

0.9905

116

1.7809

0.9464

275

60.66

0.7593

460

466.9

0.817

46

0.1028

0.9898

118

1.8995

0.9448

280

65.46

0.7506

480

566.1

0.801

48

0.1138

0.9898

120

2.0245

0.9431

290

75.92

0.7323

500

680.8

0.785

50

0.1258

0.9880

122

2.1561

0.9414

300

87.61

0.7124

520

812.4

0.766

52

0.1388

0.9871

124

2.2947

0.9398

310

100.64

0.6906

540

962.5

0.745

54

0.1530

0.9861

126

2.4404

0.9381

320

115.13

0.6671

560

1133

0.725

56

0.1683

0.9852

128

2.5934

0.9365

330

131.18

0.6402

580

1326

0.703

58

0.1850

0.9842

130

2.7544

0.9348

340

148.96

0.6093

600

1543

0.679

60

0.2031

0.9831

135

3.192

0.9305

350

168.63

0.5724

620

1787

0.649

62

0.2227

0.9821

140

3.685

0.9260

360

190.42

0.5243

640

2060

0.616

64

0.2438

0.9810

145

4.237

0.9216

370

214.68

0.4484

670

2532

0.552

66

0.2666

0.9800

150

4.854

0.9169 374.2

225.5

0.319

705.4

3206

0.318

393

4.2

10 5
( k g s /

10 7
( m 2 / s)

()

(kg/ )

(kgs /m )

999.8

101.96

18.29

17.94

62

1000.0

101.97

15.49

15.20

89

10

999.7

101.94

13.36

13.10

125

15

999.1

101.88

11.67

11.46

174

20

998.2

101.79

10.28

10.11

238

25

997.0

101.67

9.13

8.97

323

30

995.6

101.53

8.16

8.04

432

40

992.2

101.18

6.66

6.59

752

50

988.0

100.76

5.60

5.56

1257

60

983.2

100.26

4.79

4.78

2031

70

977.8

99.71

4.15

4.16

3177

80

971.8

99.10

3.64

3.67

4829

90

965.3

98.44

3.23

3.27

7149

100

958.4

97.73

2.90

2.96

10332

(kg/ m )

5.

g/

7.1 7.3

7.8 7.9

7.7 7.8

7.85

7.85

7.85

7.85

kg /

1.293 k g/
( 0 , 760mm Hg)

1.0

1.025

1.14

0.65 0.75

0.83 0.88

7.85

0.9 0.98

7.85

0.9

394

g /

7.86

0.9 0.94

8.48.5

0.860.94

8.80

8.60

7.28

7.10

(ST S 410)

7.75

(ST S 430)

7.77

(ST S 304)

7.79

(ST S 316)

7.98

(ST S 347)

7.98

4.50

kg /

11.34

8.92

2.72

6.
6 .1 KW- HP (J EM 1123 )
KW

HP

KW

HP

KW

HP

KW

HP

0.03

1/25

0.4

1/2

11

15

75

100

0.035

1/20

0.55

3/4

15

20

95

125

0.05

1/16, 1/15

0.75

19

25

110

150

0.065

1/12

1.1

1.5

22

30

150

200

0.075

1/10

1.5

26

35

190

250

0.1

1/8

2.2

30

40

220

300

0.125

1/6

37

50

260

350

0.15

1/4

5.5

7.5

55

75

370

500

0.25

1/3

7.5

10

60

80

395

6.2
120f
[ rpm ]
P
n 2 = n 1 ( 1 - S )[ rpm ]

f= ( Hz)
P=
s= ( 3 7%)

KW

f=60 Hz

f=50 Hz

n
2

f=60 Hz

f=50 Hz

2,850

1,160

1,200

970

1,000

875

900

730

750

10

700

720

580

600

12

580

600

485

500

14

500

514.3

415

428.6

0.751.5

3,400

2.2 3.7

3,470

5.5 60

3,500

2,900

75

3,550

2,950

0.4

1,700

1,400

16

435

450

365

375

0.751.5

1,720

1,420

18

390

400

330

333.3

2.2 3.7

1,730

20

350

360

290

300

5.5 33

1,750

1,450

22

320

328

265

272

37

1,770

1,470

24

290

300

243

250

26

270

277

225

231

28

250

257

205

214

30

235

240

195

200

3,600

1,800

2,880

1,430

3,000

1,500

396

7.
7.1

IS O

2548

IS O

3555

C entr ifu gal, m ixed flow a nd a xia l pum ps - code for

a cc epta nce tes t- clas s C.
C entr ifu gal, m ixed flow a nd a xia l pum ps - code for
a cc epta nce tes t- clas s B.

IS O DP 5198

C entr ifu gal, m ixed flow a nd a xia l pum ps - code for

IE C 497

a cc epta nce tes t- clas s A

In ter nat ional c ode for m odel a cc peta nce tes t a s sto-

HI S

r a ge pumps.
Hy dra ulic Institute S tan da r ds f or c entr if ugal, ro-

A PI 610

t ar y a nd rec ipr oc at ing pumps . ( US A)

C entr ifu gal pum ps for g ener a l re fine ry se rv ice s.

NE MA

( US A)
In tegr a l- hor sepowe r AC S quirr el- ca ge Induct ion

P AR T 18

M otors for Clos e- couple d P um ps .

B S 599

M et hod of tes ting pum ps.( Br ita in)

DIN 1944

A cce pt anc e t est on ce ntr ifug al pum ps.( Ge rm a ny)

A SM E

A SM E pow er te st code s test code cen trifuga l

P T C 8, 2

pum ps.( US A)

397

7.2 KS
KS B 0061- 86
KS B 6276- 87
KS B 6301- 78 ,
KS B 6302- 78
KS B 6304- 77
KS B 6305- 77
KS B 6306- 77
KS B 6307- 77
KS B 6308- 80
KS B 6309- 77
KS B 6310- 82
KS B 6314- 87
KS B 6318- 87
KS B 6319- 85
KS B 6320- 87
KS B 6321- 87
KS B 6324- 86
KS B 6325- 78
KS B 6360- 87
KS B 6504- 88
KS B 7501- 87
KS B 7505- 80
KS B 7513- 81

398

8 . Inc h- m m
inc h = 25.4m m

399

9.
9.1 HES ( )
(60HZ)

400

32- 125 125- 400

150- 200 150- 400

:mm

32- 125
32- 160
32- 200
32- 250
40- 125
40- 160
40- 200
40- 250
40- 315
50- 125
50- 160
50- 200
50- 250
50- 315
65- 125
65- 160
65- 200
65- 250
65- 315
80- 160
80- 200
80- 250
80- 315
80- 400
100- 160
100- 200
100- 250
100- 315
100- 400
125- 200
125- 250
125- 315
125- 400
150- 200
150- 250
150- 315
150- 400

50

32

65

40

65

50

80

65

100

80

125

100

150

125

200

150

a
80
80
80
100
80
80
100
100
125
100
100
100
100
125
100
100
100
100
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
140
140
140
140
140
140
140
160
160
160
160

f
360
360
360
360
360
360
360
360
470
360
360
360
360
470
360
360
360
470
470
360
470
470
470
530
470
470
470
470
530
470
470
530
530
470
470
530
530

h1
112
132
160
180
112
132
160
180
225
132
160
160
180
225
160
160
180
200
225
180
180
200
250
280
200
200
225
250
280
250
250
280
315
280
280
280
315

h2
140
160
180
225
140
160
180
225
250
160
180
200
225
280
180
200
225
250
280
225
250
280
315
355
280
280
280
315
355
315
355
355
400
400
400
400
400

* KS B 1513(10kg/ )

h3
112
132
160
180
112
132
160
180
225
132
160
160
180
225
160
160
180
200
225
180
180
200
250
280
200
200
225
250
280
250
250
280
315
280
280
280
315

b
50
50
50
65
50
50
50
65
65
50
50
50
65
65
65
65
65
80
80
65
65
80
80
80
80
80
80
80
100
80
80
100
100
100
100
100
100

m1
100
100
100
125
100
100
100
125
125
100
100
100
125
125
125
125
125
160
160
125
125
160
160
160
160
160
160
160
200
160
160
200
200
200
200
200
200

m2
70
70
70
95
70
70
70
95
95
70
70
70
95
95
95
95
95
120
120
95
95
120
120
120
120
120
120
120
150
120
120
150
150
150
150
150
150

m3
45
45
45
47
45
45
45
47
47
45
45
45
47
47
45
45
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
52
47
47
47
47
52
47
47
52
52
52
52
52
52

s
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
18
18
14
14
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
23
18
18
23
23
23
23
23
23

n1
190
240
240
320
210
240
265
320
345
240
265
265
320
345
280
280
320
360
380
320
345
380
380
435
360
360
380
380
500
380
380
500
500
500
500
550
550

n2
140
190
190
250
160
190
212
250
280
190
212
212
250
280
212
212
250
280
315
250
280
315
315
355
280
280
315
315
400
315
315
400
400
400
400
450
450

i1
35
35
35
47.5
35
35
35
47.5
47.5
35
35
35
47.5
47.5
47.5
47.5
47.5
60
60
47.5
47.5
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
75
60
60
75
75
75
75
75
75

i2
28
28
28
30
28
28
28
30
30
28
28
28
30
30
28
28
30
30
30
30
30
30
33
33
30
30
30
33
33
33
33
33
33
33
33
33
33

c1
15
15
15
17
15
15
15
17
17
15
15
15
17
17
17
17
17
18
18
17
17
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
20
18
18
20
20
20
20
20
20

c2
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
12
12
8
8
8
12
12
12
12
12

v
100
100
100
95
100
100
95
95
130
100
100
95
95
130
100
95
95
130
130
95
130
130
130
160
130
130
130
130
160
130
130
160
160
130
130
160
160

w
260
260
260
265
260
260
265
265
340
260
260
265
265
340
260
265
265
340
340
265
340
340
340
370
340
340
340
340
370
340
340
370
370
340
340
370
370

dk 6
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
32
24
24
24
24
32
24
24
24
32
32
24
32
32
32
42
32
32
32
32
42
32
32
42
42
32
32
42
42

l
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
80
50
50
50
50
80
50
50
50
80
80
50
80
80
80
110
80
80
80
80
110
80
80
110
110
80
80
110
110

u
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
10
8
8
8
8
10
8
8
8
10
10
8
10
10
10
12
10
10
10
10
12
10
10
12
12
10
10
12
12

t
26.9
26.9
26.9
26.9
26.9
26.9
26.9
26.9
35.3
26.9
26.9
26.9
26.9
35.3
26.9
26.9
26.9
35.3
35.5
26.9
35.3
35.3
35.3
45.1
35.3
35.3
35.3
35.3
45.1
35.3
35.3
45.1
45.1
35.3
35.3
45.1
45.1

26 ( kg )
33
38
50
27
34
41
51
83
30
37
43
53
85
35
44
48
70
91
49
59
75
96
142
68
71
83
105
154
93
93
138
166
146
130
156
202

401

125- 500, 150- 500 300 500

:mm

h1

h2

h3

m1

m2

m3

n1

n2

n3

n4

i1

i2

i3

c1 c2

dm6

( kg )

120- 500

150

125

140 307 670 355 400 355 100 300 230 110

28

230 270 180 220 115 60

115

25 20

70

600

48

110

14

51.5

305

150- 500

200

10

150 315 670 355 450 355 100 300 230 110

28

240 260 190 210 115 60

115

25 20

70

600

48

110

14

51.5

330

200- 250

200

200

220 250 770 355 345 355 100 300 230 110

28

220 280 170 230 109 60

121

25 20

70

700

48

110

14

51.5

316

200- 260

200

200

200 300 670 400 350 400 100 300 230 110

28

220 280 170 230 115 60

115

25 20

70

600

48

110

14

51.5

326

299- 330

250

200

200 315 670 400 400 400 100 300 230 110

28

220 280 170 230 115 60

115

25 20

70

600

48

110

14

51.5

333

200- 400

250

200

180 345 670 400 400 400 130 300 230 110

28

220 280 155 215 115 60

115

25 20

70

600

48

110

14

51.5

396

200- 500

250

200

200 387 670 500 450 500 130 350 280 110

28

320 380 255 315 140 60

140

25 20

70

600

48

110

14

51.5

465

250- 300

250

250

225 300 785 400 400 400 130 300 230 110

28

270 330 205 265

60

135

25 20

70

715

48

110

14

51.5

395

250- 330

250

250

250 345 670 450 400 450 130 350 280 110

34

310 390 245 325 140 60

140

25 20

70

600

48

110

14

51.5

397

250- 400

300

250

180 385 720 450 500 450 130 350 280 110

34

320 380 255 315 140 60

140

25 20

120 600

60

140

18

64

520

250- 500

300

250

225 425 720 500 500 500 130 400 325 110

34

360 440 295 375 162.5 60 162.5

32 20

120 600

60

140

18

64

551

300- 340

300

300

255 315 805 450 450 450 160 350 280 110

34

310 390 230 310 120 60

25 20

70

735

48

110

14

51.5

523

300- 360

300

300

300 387 670 560 450 560 160 400 325 110

34

310 390 230 310 165.5 60 162.5

32 20

70

600

48

110

14

51.5

549

300- 400

350

300

300 425 720 560 500 560 160 400 325 110

34

350 450 270 370 162.5 60 162.5

32 20

120 600

60

140

18

64

612

300- 500

350

300

300 450 720 560 500 560 160 400 325 110

34

350 450 270 370 162.5 60 162.5

32 20

120 600

60

140

18

64

656

* KS B 1513(10kg/ )

95

160

402

9.2 HTM( )
(60HZ)

403

HTM(NWd4 0 NWd 65)

: mm

B 1 B 2"

n1

q1

q2

u1

u2

d1
j6

d2
j6

40

231 161 231 C+208

126

126

174

160

60

224

65

175

80

14

14

104

104

25

25

69

69

45

28

50

240 173 240 C+206

126

126

190

160

60

250

65

200

86

14

15

112

112

30

30

69

69

50

33

65

257 193 257 C+204

137

137

215

180

60

290

75

240

93

14

16

118

118

35

35

69

69

50

38

10

1)

10

11

12

573

628

683

40

50

40

78

133

188

243

298

353

408

463

518

50

65

50

89

151

213

275

337

399

461

523

585

65

80

65

109

180

251

322

393

464

535

13

14

404

HTM(NWd8 0 NWd 150)

: mm

B1

B2

n1

q1

q2

u1

u2

d1
j6

d2

j6

80

100

80

320

250

335 C+ 120 260 275 265

265 210

60

370

70

310

40

15

14

60

60

40

35

85

85

75

43.1

12

100

125

100 360

275

380 C+ 140 290 310 300

300 250

75

440

80

370

45

15

14

70

70

45

40

95

95

80

48.5

14

125

150

125 420

300

440 C+ 170 335 355 375

375 300

85

550

95

460

51

20

18

85

85

50

45

125

125

90

53.5

14

150

200

150 485

355

500 C+ 200 385 400 425

425 350 100 650 100

550

65

23

18

100

100

60

48

140

140

90

64.2

18

10

80

110

193

276

359

442

525

608

691

774

857

100

135

235

335

435

535

635

735

835

125

165

280

395

510

625

740

150

215

360

505

650

795

405

9.3 HDR( )
(60HZ)

HDR 150- 250 400- 620 n=1750rpm

HDR 500- 510 800- 970 n=880, 1160rpm

406

125- 140 300- 620

H DR 150- 500

HD R 200- 280

P S 3/ 8
P S 3/ 8
P S 1/ 2

1M
2M
5D

P S 3/ 8
P S 3/ 8
P S 3/ 4

HD R 150- 500
6B
8B
R
L

H D R 200- 280

PS 1/ 2
PS 3/ 4
PS 3/ 4
PS 3/ 4

: mm

h1

h2

h3

m1

m2

n1

n2

q1

r1

dh6

125- 140
125- 170

150
150

125
125

465
465

380
380

300
300

300
300

300
300

150
150

150
150

190 125- 140

175 125- 170

300
300

80
80

200
200

200
200

160
160

160
160

250
250

22
22

18
18

35
35

85
85

125- 200
125- 250

150
150

125
125

465
465

380
380

300
300

300
300

300
300

150
150

150
150

175 125- 200

200 125- 250

300
300

80
80

200
200

200
200

160
160

160
160

250
250

22
22

18
16

35
35

85
85

125- 310
150- 250
150- 280

150
200
200

125
150
150

465
510
510

380
410
410

325
350
350

325
350
350

300
400
400

150
200
200

150
200
200

225 125- 310

230 150- 250
245 150- 280

300
360
360

80
90
90

200
250
250

200
250
250

160
205
205

160
205
205

250
310
310

22
22
22

18
18
18

35
40
40

85
100
100

150- 310

200

150

510

410

375

375

400

200

200

260 150- 310

360

90

250

250

205

205

310

22

18

40

100

150- 340
150- 400

200
200

150
150

510
510

410
410

400
400

400
400

400
400

200
200

200
200

265 150- 340

280 150- 400

360
360

90
90

250
250

250
250

205
205

205
205

310
310

22
22

18
18

40
40

100
100

150- 430
150- 500
200- 280

200
200
250

150
150
200

465
560
560

380
450
450

400
450
410

400
450
400

350
400
400

200
200
200

200
200
200

280 150- 430

330 150- 500
275 200- 280

300
420
420

100
100
100

300
300
300

300
300
300

250
250
250

250
250
250

250
370
370

22
22
22

18
18
22

35
50
50

85
110
110

200- 340
200- 400

250
250

200
200

560
560

450
450

400
450

400
450

450
450

240
240

240
240

300 200- 340

300 200- 400

420
420

100
100

300
300

300
300

250
250

250
250

370
370

22
22

22
22

50
50

110
110

200- 500

250

200

655

530

450

450

450

240

240

370 200- 500

420

100

300

300

250

250

370

22

22

60

125

200- 620
250- 280

250
300

200
250

655
655

530
530

550
500

550
500

500
550

300
300

300
300

480 200- 620

333 250- 280

520
450

100
100

375
325

375
325

325
275

325
275

460
400

26
26

24
24

60
60

125
125

250- 340

300

250

655

530

500

500

550

300

300

350 250- 340

450

100

325

325

275

275

400

26

24

60

125

250- 400
250- 500

300
300

250
250

655
720

530
575

550
550

550
550

550
550

300
300

300
300

500 250- 400

400 250- 500

450
450

100
100

325
325

325
325

275
275

275
275

400
400

26
26

24
24

60
70

125
145

250- 620
300- 280
300- 340

300
350
350

250
300
300

720
720
720

575
575
575

600
550
650

600
550
500

560
580
640

300
300
330

300
300
330

455 250- 620

385 300- 280
400 300- 340

150

520
550
680

100
120
540 180

375
400
350

375
400
450

325
340
260

325
340
360

460
480
580

440

26
26
33

24
24
30

70
70
70

145
145
145

300- 400
300- 500

350
350

300
300

720
825

575
655

550
650

650
650

600
650

325
350

325
350

385 300- 400

430 300- 500

160
-

740
550

560 200
200

450
430

370
430

350
350

270
350

620
450

440
-

26
33

30
30

70
80

145
165

300- 620

350

300

825

655

750

750

700

400

400

550 300- 620

600

540

540

450

450

500

33

30

80

165

200

407
3 50- 50 0 800- 970

: mm

H DR 400- 620

H DR 500- 510

1M

PS 3/ 8

PS 3/ 8

PS 3/ 8"

2M

P S 3/ 8

P S 3/ 8

P S 3/ 8"

P S 3/ 4

P S 1"

PS 1/ 2"

5D

8B
6B
R
L

PS 3/ 4"
P S 1"
P S 3/ 4"

P S 1/ 2"

H DR 700- 590

h1

h2

h3

m1

m2

n1

n2

q1

r1

d hs

350- 500
350- 620
400- 390

400
400
500

350
350
400

910
910
860

710
710
680

690
740
680

620
670
460

730
775
730

415 415
460 460
370 370

470
505
450

140 350- 500

140 350- 620
150 400- 390

830
830
900

570 210 490

570 210 490
600 180 320

550
550
420

385
385
230

445
445
330

710
710
800

450
450
500

33
33
33

30
30
30

95
95
65

190
190
160

400- 440
400- 480

500
500

400
400

905
905

685
700

700
750

650
600

750
770

390 390
480 430

460
520

150 400- 440

200 400- 480

900
950

600 180 480

700 250 475

480
575

390
350

390
450

800
750

500
500

33
36

30
35

75
75

180
180

400- 540

500

400

940

720

750

700

820

460 400

500

200 400- 540

950

700 250 550

600

425

475

800

550

33

35

85

200

400- 620
500- 510

500
600

400 955 740

500 1025 820

800
850

700
550

850
900

490 490
475 475

530
560

200 400- 620 950

200 500- 510 1100

700 250 550

800 300 400

650 550 150

425
175

525
325

800
940

550
640

33
33

35
35

95
75

200
180

500- 640

600

500 1115 900

850

800

920

495 495

600

200 500- 640 1100

800 300 600

600 150

375

375

940

640

33

35

95

210

500- 700
500- 790

600
600

500 1085 885 1050 850 1000 620 50

500 1175 900 1000 900 1050 600 600

620
680

200 500- 700 1200

200 500- 790 1200

800 300 650

825 300 700

750 150
800 150

425
475

525 1000 600

575 1040 655

33
33

35 105
35 115

220
250

500- 890
600- 540
600- 620

600
700
700

500 1210 920 1050 950 1100 650 650

600 1080 885 1100 900 1100 510 610
600 1060 840 1000 1000 1050 545 545

710
750
650

200 500- 890 1100

220 600- 540 1100
220 600- 620 1100

850 300 750

800 300 700
800 300 800

850 150
800 150
800 150

525
474
575

625
575
575

680
550
550

33
33
36

35 135
35 75
40 85

280
180
200

600- 710
600- 830
700- 590

700
700
800

600 1160 930 1000 1100 1050 545 545

600 1275 1000 1100 1200 1100 580 580
700 1300 1090 1300 800 1150 600 600

650
760
768

220 600- 710 1200

220 600- 830 1200
250 700- 590 1200

900 300 800

900 300 900
900 350 600

800 150
800 150
900 200

575
325

575 1020 720

575 1020 720
626 1000 700

36
36
36

40 105
40 115
40 95

220
250
200

700- 710
700- 820
800- 740

800
800
900

700 1360 1130 1200 1150 1170 620 620

700 1440 1160 1250 1250 1200 650 650
800 1410 1180 1400 950 1380 770 770

750
850
920

250 700- 710 1200 900 350 900

250 700- 820 1200 900 350 950
280 800- 740 1300 100 400 750

900 200
950 200
900 250

625
675
425

625 1000 700

675 1000 700
575 1100 800

36
36
36

40 105
40 125
40 105

240
280
220

800- 840
800- 970

900
900

800 1500 1180 1400 1125 1380 770 770

800 1580 1270 1400 1300 1370 760 760

900
850

280 800- 840 1300 100 400 900 950 250

280 800- 970 1300 100 400 1000 100 250

575
676

625 1100 800

675 1100 800

36
36

40
40

250
280

940
850
850

115
135

408

! ! !
.

,

.
,
.