Application of VTB for

Localization of Capacitor
Switching Events in
Power Distribution

Yong-June Shin, Assistant Professor

Department of Electrical Engineering,
The University of South Carolina

2005 VTB Users and Developers Meeting

September 20-21, 2005

1
 Acknowledgement

• ESRDC, University of Texas at Austin

– Dr. E. J. Powers, Dr. W. Mack Grady
– Mr. T. H. Kim

• ESRDC, University of South Carolina

– Dr. Eugene Solodovnik, Dr. A. Monti
– Mr. Philip Crapse

2
 Contents

• Introduction to Fault Localization

• Cross Time-Frequency Analysis
• MATLAB based Fault Localization Tool
• VTB Simulation Environment
• Conclusion and Future Work

3
 Transient Fault Localization
• Purpose of localization
 Identify the flow and location
of transient disturbance
 Management of power
distribution system (e.g.,
capacitor bank switching)

• State-of-the-Art
 Empirical approach
 Signature analysis
 Time domain analysis
• An example of power system  Frequency domain analysis
network with capacitor banks

4
Directions of P and Q
Under steady state,

• If P>0,
circuit absorbs real power
• If P<0,
circuit supplies real power
• If Q>0,
circuit absorbs reactive power
(I lags V)
• If Q<0,
circuit supplies reactive power
(I leads V)

5
 Challenges for Transient
• Time Localization
• Frequency Localization
• Phase Difference Estimation
– Cross Time-Frequency Analysis!
Observation point 1 Observation point 2

Upstream Downstream
capacitor A Middle
capacitor B capacitor C

6
 Time-Frequency Based
Transient Fault Localization Algorithm

• Transient fault localization is achieved by

Step 1: Voltage and current measurement
(V1 & I1, V2 & I2)
Step 2: Cross time-frequency distribution
Step 3: Time and frequency of interest selection
Step 4: Localized phase difference evaluation

Step 5: Disturbance energy flow direction decision

(upstream, middle, downstream)

7
VTB Simulation Environment
Transient Power Quality Analysis Information
of Simulation System

VTB Schematic
Simulated System
Information

Post Signal Processing

VTB Visualization Engine

Real time update of data and visualization

8
 Conclusion and Future Work

• VTB Simulation Environment

• Post-Processing of Simulation
• Cross Time-Frequency Analysis

• Fault Localization and Monitoring

– Electric Ship Integrated Power Systems
– High Power Transmission Line Systems
– Power Distribution Systems Management