Bi ny gip bn hiu k hn v cch chia ng t trong mnh c cha

when/if/by the time/until/....blah blah V bi ny kh di nn mnh chia lm 3 bi nh: Bi1: cch chia ng t i vi nhng hnh ng cha xy ra Bi 2: cch chia ng t i vi nhng hnh ng xy ra

Bi 1: cch chia ng t vi nhng hnh ng cha xy ra

- Khi gp cc lin t m lc dch sang ting Vit c ch KHI ( when : khi, as soon as : ngay khi, before : trc khi, after : sau khi, by the time : trc khi, until : cho n khi .) th khng c dng ch S (will, would) cho mnh i sau: Eg: I will give him some money when I see him. (not when I will see him) When i have finish doing homework, I will have dinner (not when i will finish doing homework) - Thay vo , bn phi chia ng t thi hin ti n vi cc hnh ng xy ra ng thi hoc hin ti hon thnh nu mun nhn mnh th t xy ra ca hnh ng. Thng thng 2 thi ny c th thay th cho nhau tr trng hp 2 hnh ng r rng xy ra ng thi. Eg: I will give him the book when/as soon as/ after I meet him. (2 hnh ng xy ra ng thi) When/After/By the time... I've called Kate, we can have dinner. (hnh ng gi in xy ra trc; c th dng hin ti n) When I call Kate this evening, I'll invite her to the party. ( 2 hnh ng r rng xy ra ng thi; ko th dng hin ti hon thnh) - i vi mnh cn li (mnh chnh ca cu v ko c when), c th chia tng lai n, dng cc ng t khuyt thiu nh can, should (nu 2 hnh ng xy ra cng lc), tng lai tip din (nu 2 hnh ng ct ngang nhau) hoc tng lai hon thnh tip din (nu hnh ng ny hon tt trc 1 hnh ng khc) Eg: Tomorrow I will give her this book when I meet her (gp ri tip sau l trao s ch ) Tomorrow when you arrive at the airport, I will be standing at the gate.(bn n lc ti ang i )

By the time you come, I will have gone out . - i vi mnh if, cc trng hp xy ra tng t. Tuy nhin ng ta dng when vi cc hnh ng chc chn xy ra cn if vi cc hnh ng c th xy ra. Eg: When I go shoppong, I'll buy some foods. I might go shopping this afternoon. If i go shopping, I'll buy some foods.

bi trc cc bn bit c cch chia ng t trong cu cha when/if...vi cc hnh ng cha xy ra. hm nay mnh post nt bi cui ca phn ny Cch chia ng t trong cu c when i vi cc hnh ng xy ra Trc ht xc nh th no l hnh ng xy ra ri, bn phi cn c vo ni dung v hnh thc ca cu. Eg: When I (take) a bath, the door bell (ring). Trong trng hp ny, ng ni gn nh ko th d on c chung ca s reo vo lc h tm--> s vic ny phi xy ra ri When I (finish) doing homework, my mother (allow) me to go out. Trong cu ny, ng ni cso th ang d on 1 s vic trong tng lai v cng c th ang k li 1 s vic xy ra. Cc trng hp c th: + Nu hai hnh ng ct ngang nhau (mt hnh ng ny ang xy ra th c mt hnh ng khc ct ngang ) cc bn lu trng hp ny rt thng gp - Hnh ng ang xy ra dng Qa kh tip din - Hnh ng ct ngang dng Qa kh n - Eg: I was playing soccer when it began to rain.(ma ct ngang hnh ng chi bng) Cch nhn dng ra loi ny: - Phi dch ngha ca cu,cc ng t ct ngang thng l :come, meet, see, start, begin..

+ Nu hai hnh ng xy ra lin tc hoc ng thi nhau: - C hai hnh ng u chia Qa kh n - Du hiu nhn bit l : Dch ngha thy 2 hnh ng xy ra lin tc nhau - Eg: - When he came home, he opened the door - Khi mnh when c cc ch sau: lived , was, were - Eg: - When I lived in HN, I studied at TBT school. - When he was a child, he had a habit of getting up late. + Hai hnh ng trc sau (hnh ng ny hon tt trc mt hnh ng khc xy ra ) - Hnh ng xy ra trc dng Qa kh hon thnh ,hnh ng sau dng Qa kh n - Cc du hiu thng gp l :already, for + khong thi gian , just - Eg: - When I came, he had already gone out (khi ti ni ri ) - When I came, he had gone out for two hours (khi ti n anh ta i c hai ting ri ) Cng c th dch qua ngha - Eg: - I didnt meet Tom because when I came, he had gone out .(du hiu l do ti khng gp -> i ri ) anh ta

Th - Thi Cch dng cc thI/th (Tenses in English) 1. Thi hin ti thng: Thi hin ti c dng din t: a. Vic hin c, hin xy ra V d: I understand this matter now. This book belongs to her. 1. S hin nhin lc no cng tht/chn l V d: The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. The earth goes around the sun. 1. Mt tp qun hay c tnh

V d: I go to bed early and get up early everyday. Mr. Smith drinks strong tea after meals. 1. Ch vic tng lai khi trong cu c trng t ch r/ nn thi gian tng lai V d: They go to London next month. I come to see her next week. Cng thc: Khng nh S + V + (O) S: ch ng (ch t) V: ng t O: tn ng Ch : - "Cu" c th c tn ng (O) hoc khng cn tn ng (Xem phn "Cu" trong Website ny) - "Do" (Cc ngi tr Ngi th 3 s t) - "Does" (Ngi th 3 s t) Ph nh S + do not/don't + V + (O) S + does not/doen't + V + (O) Nghi vn Do/does + S + V + (O)? Don't/doesn't + S + V + (O)? Do/does S + not + V + (O)? V d tng qut: 1/ Khng nh I learn English at school. Ph nh I do not learn English at school. I don't learn English at school. do not = don't Nghi vn Do you learn English at school? Don't you learn English at school?

2/ Khng nh She learns French at school.

Ph nh She does not learn French at school. She doesn't learn French at school. does not = doesn't Nghi vn Does she learn French at school? Doesn't she learn French at school? Ch : Trong thi hin ti thng, cc ngi (th nht s t/nhiu, th 3 s nhiu) c chia nh v d tng qut 1/ trn y, ring ngi th 3 (ba) s t (He, she, it - Tom, John, Hoa ...), ta cn lu cc quy tc sau: 1. Phi thm "s" vo sau ng t cu khng nh. ( V+s) V d: He likes reading books. She likes pop music. - Cu ph nh (Xem v d tng qut 2/ trn y ) - Cu nghi vn? (Xem v d tng qut 2/ trn y) 2. Ngoi vic "s" vo sau ng t, ta phi c bit ch nhng trng hp sau: 2.1. Nhng ng t (Verbs) tn cng bng nhng ch sau y th phi thm "ES". S, X, Z, CH, SH, O (do, go) + ES V d: miss misses mix mixes buzz buzzes watch watches wash washes do does go goes V d: He often kisses his wife before going to work. Tom brushes his teeth everyday. 2.2. Nhng ng t (Verbs) tn cng bng "Y" th phi xt hai (2) trng hp sau y. Nu trc Y l nguyn m (vowel) th s chia nh quy tc 2.1 trn y. Y ---- Y + S We play She/he plays V d: She plays the piano very well. Nu trc Y l ph m (consonant) th s chia nh sau: (Y ---- IES) We carry She/he carries They worry

She/he worries V d: He often carries money with him whenever he goes out. Cc trng t dng trong thi HTT: - Always, usually, often, not often, sometimes, occasionally, never; - Everyday, every week/month/year..., on Mondays, Tuesdays, .... , Sundays. - Once/twice / three times... a week/month/year ...; - Every two weeks, every three months (a quarter) - Whenever, every time, every now and then, every now and again, every so often Cch pht m: Vi cc ngi th ba (3) s t, ui "S" c c nh sau: Cch c Cc ng t c kt thc vi ui /s/ F, K, P, T /iz/ S, X, Z, CH, SH, CE, GE + ES /z/ Khng thuc hai loi trn 2. Thi qu kh thng: Dng din t: a. Mt vic xy ra v xong hn, trong cu c trng t ch r thi gian qu kh, nh: yesterday, last week, last year, vv V d: The students came to see me yesterday. I came home at 9 oclock last night. b. Mt thi quen hay mt kh nng trong qu kh. V d: She sang very well, when she was young. Cng thc: Khng nh S + V-ed + (O) S: ch ng (ch t) V: ng t O: tn ng Ch : "Cu" c th c tn ng (O) hoc khng cn tn ng (Xem phn "Cu" trong Website ny) Ph nh S + did not/didn't + V + (O) Nghi vn Did + S + V + (O)? Didn't + S + V + (O)? Did + S + not + V + (O)? N.B. Ton b cc ngi (Ch ng) c chia nh nhau/ging nhau (Khng phn bit ngi, th) V d tng qut: 1/ Khng nh I learnt English at school.

Ph nh I did not learn English at school. I didn't learn English at school. did not = didn't Nghi vn Did you learn English at school? Didn't you learn English at school?

2/ Khng nh He learnt English at school. Ph nh He did not learn English at school. He didn't learn English at school. did not = didn't Nghi vn Did he learn English at school? Didn't he learn English at school? Cc trng t dng trong thi QKT: - Yeasterday, last week/month/year, ago (two days ago, three months ago, long long ago...) - In the past, in those days, .... Cch dng " Used to"trong thi QKT: Used to: c dng trong thi QKT (ngha l: " tng") ch hnh ng/thi quen trong qu kh, v chm dt trong qu kh. Khng nh He used to play the guitar when he was a student. Ph nh He did not use to play the guitar when he was a student. He didn't use to play the guitar when he was a student. did not = didn't Nghi vn Did he use to play the guitar when he was a student? Didnt he use to play the guitar when he was a student? Cch hnh thnh ng t qu kh: Nhng ng t lp thnh thi qu kh v qu kh phn t bng cch thm ED hoc D vo sau ng t gc (gi l ng t c Quy tc) V d: I work - worked

I live - lived I visit - visited Ch :Nu tn cng bng Y v c mt ph m i trc Y thi phi i Y thnh I ri mi thm ED (Y -- IED) V d: I study - studied Nhng khi trc Y l nguyn m th: Y+ed V d:He plays - played Nu mt ng t (Verb) c mt hay nhiu m tit/vn m khi c nhn mnh vo cui, v tn cng bng mt ph m v i trc ph m c mt nguyn m (Cng thc 1-1-1), th hy gp i ph m ri mi thm ED V d: Fit Fitted Stop - stopped Drop Dropped Nhng: Visit Visited (V visit khi c, nhn mnh vo vn th nht) Prefer Preferred (V prefer khi c, nhn mnh vo vn th hai) Ngoi ra ng php ting Anh cn quy nh mt loi ng t "bt qui tc", ngi hc phi hc thuc lng ba (3) th ng t: Gc, Qu kh (PI) v Qu kh phn t (PII). C th tra Bng ng t bt qui tc sau: IRREGULAR VEBS (Bng ng t bt quy tc) 3. Thi tng lai thng:Dng din t a. S xy ra, hay tn ti trong tng lai V d: They will go to Ho Chi Kinh city next Monday. We will organize a meeting on Friday morning. b. Mt tp qun/ d nh trong tng lai V d: We will meet three times a month. Cng thc: Khng nh S + will +V + (O) S: ch ng (ch t) will = s V: ng t O: tn ng Ch : "Cu" c th c tn ng (O) hoc khng cn tn ng (Xem phn "Cu" trong Website ny) Ph nh S + will not/won't + V + (O) Nghi vn Will + S + V + (O)? Won't + S + V + (O)? Will + S + not + V + (O)? V d tng qut: 1/ Khng nh

I will phone you when I come home. Ph nh I will not tell him this problem. I won't tell him this problem. will not = won't Nghi vn Will you see Tom tomorrow? Won't you meet that girl again? Will you not see such films again? Cc trng t dng trong thi TLT: - Tomorrow, next week/month/year, ... next Monday, Tuesday, ...., Sunday, - Next June, July, ....., next December, next weekend .... - In two days/weeks/months, in the years to come, in coming years Ch : T "s" ngoi vic dng cu trc trn y, chng ta cn nh n Cng thc sau [S + be + going to do (V) + O] (To be going to do smt ) Dng cu trc ny, khi chng ta mun ni hnh ng no c d nh, ln k hoch thc hin. V vy c lc ngi ta gi l "Thi tng lai gn" V d: I am going to visit Ho Chi Minh city next Monday. Lan is going to take the final exams this summer. Lc cu trc trn s tng t nh: [S + be + V-ing (+ O)] (To be doing smt ) v ngha cng tng t "s" c d nh, ln k hoch thc hin. V d: I am doing my homework tonight. Lan is going out with her boyfriend to the cinema tonight. Hn ch s dng: going to go/ going to come m dng going to V d: I am going to the cinema tonight. 4. Thi hin ti hon thnh: Cng thc: Khng nh S + have/has + P2 + (O) S: ch ng (ch t) P2= V+ed: ng t (C quy tc V+ed; Bt QT= ct 3 Bng ng t Bt QT) O: tn ng Ch : "Cu" c th c tn ng (O) hoc khng cn tn ng (Xem phn "Cu" trong Website ny) Ph nh S + have/has not + P2 + (O) Nghi vn

Have/has + S + P2 + (O)? (Have dng cho cc ngi tr cc Ngi th 3 s t; Has dng cho cc ngi th 3 s t) V d tng qut: 1/ Khng nh I have learnt English for ten years now. Ph nh I have not met that film star yet. I haven't met that film star yet. have not = haven't Nghi vn Have you met that film star yet? Haven't you met that film star yet? Have you not met that film star yet?

2/ Khng nh She has learnt English for eight years now. Ph nh She has not met that film star yet. She hasn't met that film star yet. has not = hasn't Nghi vn Has she met that film star yet? Hasn't she met that film star yet? Has she not met that film star yet? Cc trng t dng trong thi HTHT: - Since :Since + thi im (since 1990, since last week/month/year; since I last saw him...) - For :For + khong thi gian (for two days, for the past/last two months, for the last two years ...). - Already, just, yet, recently, lately, ever, never... - This is the first/second/third ..... time. Dng din t a. Mt hnh ng va thc hin xong so vi hin ti V d: She has just gone to the market. I have just signed on that contract. b. Kt qu hin ti ca mt hnh ng qu kh. V d: UK has lost the possession of Hong Kong. c. Mt kinh nhgim no .

V d: I have been in Bangkok several times. d. Mt vic xy ra, nhng cn tip tc. V d: I have taught English for more than 10 years. e. Vic s hon thnh tng lai; trc mnh thng c: when, if, when, before, after, as soon as, etc. V d: He will return the book as soon as he has done with it. 5. Thi qu kh hon thnh:Dng ch mt vic hon thnh trc mt thi gian nht nh qu kh, hoc trc khi mt vic qu kh khc bt u. V d: Our children had all gone to sleep before I came home last night. When I came, she had left the house. Cng thc: Khng nh S + had + P2 + (O) S: ch ng (ch t) P2= V+ed: ng t (C quy tc V+ed; Bt QT= ct 3 Bng ng t Bt QT) O: tn ng Ch : "Cu" c th c tn ng (O) hoc khng cn tn ng (Xem phn "Cu" trong Website ny) Ph nh S + had not + P2 + (O) Nghi vn Had + S + P2 + (O)? Hadn't + S + P2 + (O)? (Had dng cho tt c cc ngi, s) V d tng qut: 1/ Khng nh I had learnt English for four years before I went to Hanoi. Ph nh He was very nervous because he hadn't flown before. He was very nervous because he had never flown before. had not = hadn't Nghi vn -Had he left when you arrived? Yes, he had. -Hadn't he left when you arrived? Yes, he had. Cc trng t dng trong thi QKHT: - Before, after, never, ever, - For + khong thi gian + before/after - When S + V-ed, S +had +P2

6. Thi tng lai hon thnh:Dng ch mt vic s hon thnh trc mt thi gian nht nh tng lai, hoc trc khi mt vic khc bt u. V d: I will have lived in this city for 10 years by the end of this year. She will have arrived in Paris, before you start. Cng thc: Khng nh S + will have + P2 + (O) S: ch ng (ch t) P2= V+ed: ng t (C quy tc V+ed; Bt QT= ct 3 Bng ng t Bt QT) O: tn ng Ch : "Cu" c th c tn ng (O) hoc khng cn tn ng (Xem phn "Cu" trong Website ny) Ph nh S + will not have + P2 + (O) S + won't have + P2 + (O) Nghi vn Will S +have + P2 + (O)? Won't S + have + P2 + (O)? 7. Thi hin ti tip din:Dng a. Ch mt vic ang xy ra ngay lc ni chuyn/hin hnh. V d: I am reading an English book now. b. Ch vic xy ra trong tng lai (khi c trng t ch tng lai). V d: I am going to call on Mr. John tomorrow. I am meeting her at the cinema tonight. Cng thc: Khng nh S + be + V-ing + (O) ----------S + be (To be) + V-ing: I am dancing. We/they/you are dancing. He/she/it is dancing. S: ch ng (ch t) be: is, are, am (tu cc ngi - th) V-ing: ng t + ui ing O: tn ng Ch : "Cu" c th c tn ng (O) hoc khng cn tn ng (Xem phn "Cu" trong Website ny) Ph nh S + be + not V-ing + (O) Nghi vn Be + S + V-ing + (O)? V-ing (Doing): ng t+ING)visiting going, ending, walking, ... a. Nu ng t c E cm cui , ta b E i ri mi thm ING: work - working

drink - drinking b. Nu ng t cui c ph m, v trc ph m m c mt nguyn m, ta phi gp i ph m ri mi thm ING: cut - cutting run - running c. Nu ng t c IE cui , ta i IE thnh Y ri mi thm ING tie - tying die - dying lie - lying 8. Th qu kh tip din:Dng ch mt vic ang din tip trong qu kh V d: They were singing in this room at 10.p.m yesterday. While I was walking on the street, I met my girl friend. When I came, they were singing. Cng thc: Khng nh S + be + V-ing + (O) ----------S + be (To be) + V-ing: I am dancing. We/they/you are dancing. He/she/it is dancing. S: ch ng (ch t) be: was, were (tu cc ngi - th) V-ing: ng t + ui ing O: tn ng Ch : "Cu" c th c tn ng (O) hoc khng cn tn ng (Xem phn "Cu" trong Website ny) Ph nh S + be + not V-ing + (O) Nghi vn Be + S + V-ing + (O)? ------------------V-ing (Doing): ng t+ING)visiting going, ending, walking, ... a. Nu ng t c E cm cui , ta b E i ri mi thm ING: work - working drink - drinking b. Nu ng t cui c ph m, v trc ph m m c mt nguyn m, ta phi gp i ph m ri mi thm ING: cut - cutting run - running c. Nu ng t c IE cui , ta i IE thnh Y ri mi thm ING tie - tying die - dying lie - lying 9. Thi tng lai tip din:ch mt vic s xy ra trong mt thi gian nht nh tng lai, hoc khi mt vic khc xy ra

V d: I shall be working hard tomorrow morning. By the time next week, we will be learning English. Cng thc: Khng nh S + will be + V-ing + (O) N.B: I will be dancing. We/they/you will be dancing. He/she/it will be dancing. S: ch ng (ch t) V-ing: ng t + ui ing O: tn ng Ch : "Cu" c th c tn ng (O) hoc khng cn tn ng (Xem phn "Cu" trong Website ny) Ph nh S + will not be + V-ing + (O) Nghi vn Will + S + be + V-ing + (O)? --------------------------V-ing (Doing): ng t+ING)visiting going, ending, walking, ... a. Nu ng t c E cm cui , ta b E i ri mi thm ING: work - working drink - drinking b. Nu ng t cui c ph m, v trc ph m m c mt nguyn m, ta phi gp i ph m ri mi thm ING: cut - cutting run - running c. Nu ng t c IE cui , ta i IE thnh Y ri mi thm ING tie - tying die - dying lie - lying 10. Th hin ti hon thnh tip din:Dng nhn mnh rng mt vic xy ra, nhng cn tip tc, khng gin on -ko di n hin ti. V d: I have been waiting for you for nearly three hours. I have been writing this essay for half an hour. Cng thc: Khng nh S + have/has been + V-ing + (O) S: ch ng (ch t) V-ing: ng t + ui ing O: tn ng Ch : "Cu" c th c tn ng (O) hoc khng cn tn ng (Xem phn "Cu" trong Website ny) Ph nh S + have/has not + been +

V-ing + (O) Nghi vn Have/has + S +been + V-ing + (O)? (Have dng cho cc ngi tr cc Ngi th 3 s t; Has dng cho cc ngi th 3 s t) V-ing (Doing): ng t+ING)visiting going, ending, walking, ... a. Nu ng t c E cm cui , ta b E i ri mi thm ING: work - working drink - drinking b. Nu ng t cui c ph m, v trc ph m m c mt nguyn m, ta phi gp i ph m ri mi thm ING: cut - cutting run - running c. Nu ng t c IE cui , ta i IE thnh Y ri mi thm ING tie - tying die - dying lie - lying 11. Th qu kh hon thnh tip din:Dng ch mt vic xy ra trc mt hnh ng qu kh khc, v trong khi hnh ng qu kh th 2 xy ra, th hnh ng qu kh th nht vn tip tc. V d: When I was woken up, it had ben raining very hard. When I came, they had been singing for more than two hours. Cng thc: Khng nh S + had been + V-ing + (O) S: ch ng (ch t) V-ing: ng t + ui ing O: tn ng Ch : "Cu" c th c tn ng (O) hoc khng cn tn ng (Xem phn "Cu" trong Website ny) Ph nh S + had not + been + V-ing + (O) Nghi vn Had + S +been + V-ing + (O)? (Had dng cho tt c cc ngi, s) V-ing (Doing): ng t+ING)visiting going, ending, walking, ... a. Nu ng t c E cm cui , ta b E i ri mi thm ING: work - working drink - drinking b. Nu ng t cui c ph m, v trc ph m m c mt nguyn m, ta phi gp i ph m ri mi thm ING: cut - cutting run - running c. Nu ng t c IE cui , ta i IE thnh Y ri mi thm ING

tie - tying die - dying lie - lying 12. Thi tng lai hon thnh tip din:Dng ch mt vic s hon thnh trc thi gian trong tng lai, nhng vn cn tip tc V d: By next summer we will have been studying for five years in this school. I will have been living in this city for 12 years in 2008. Cng thc: Khng nh S + will have been + V-ing + (O) S: ch ng (ch t) V-ing: ng t + ui ing O: tn ng Ch : "Cu" c th c tn ng (O) hoc khng cn tn ng (Xem phn "Cu" trong Website ny) Ph nh S + will not have been + V-ing + (O) S + won't have been + V-ing + (O) Nghi vn Will S +have been + V-ing + (O)? Won't S + have been + V-ing + (O)? V-ing (Doing): ng t+ING)visiting going, ending, walking, ... a. Nu ng t c E cm cui , ta b E i ri mi thm ING: work - working drink - drinking b. Nu ng t cui c ph m, v trc ph m m c mt nguyn m, ta phi gp i ph m ri mi thm ING: cut - cutting run - running c. Nu ng t c IE cui , ta i IE thnh Y ri mi thm ING tie - tying die - dying lie lying

Phn bit Qu kh n v Hin ti hon thnh

Qu kh n Hnh ng bt u v kt thc ti mt thi im c th trong qu kh VD: I visited Hanoi last month. (Thng trc ti i thm H Ni.)

They won several awards 2 years ago. (Cch y 2 nm, h ginh c mt vi gii thng.) Hin ti hon thnh Hnh ng xy ra trong qu kh nhng khng bit r hoc khng mun cp n thi gian c th VD: I have visited Hanoi. (Ti i thm H Ni.) They have won several awards. (H ot c mt vi gii thng.) Qu kh n S vic xy ra qu lu hoc hnh ng xy ra nhiu ln trong qu kh nhng khng cn c th lp li VD: Shakespeare wrote many plays. (Shakespeare vit rt nhiu v kch) hin nay ng y mt Julias grandmother saw the play Romeo and Juliet at least 3 times. (B ca Julia xem v kch Rome v Juliet t nht 3 ln.) b ca Julia mt hoc v kch khng cn c chiu na Hin ti hon thnh Hnh ng xy ra nhiu ln trong qu kh v c th lp li hin ti hoc tng lai VD: My sister has written a number of short stories. (Ch ti vit rt nhiu truyn ngn.) vn tip tc sng tc Julias grandmother has seen the play Romeo and Juliet at least 3 times. (B ca Julia xem v kch Rome v Juliet t nht 3 ln.) mt ngy no c th xem li Qu kh n Hnh ng xy ra trong qu kh, kt qu khng cn hin ti VD: Tom had a serious car crash. (Tom gp tai nn t nghim trng.) hin gi anh y ra vin Tom washed the car. (Tom ra xe.) hin gi n li b bn I lost the key. (Ti b mt cha kha.) hin gi tm thy Hin ti hon thnh Hnh ng xy ra trong qu kh nhng kt qu vn cn hin ti VD: Tom has had a serious car crash. (Tom gp tai nn t nghim trng.) hin gi anh y ang nm vin Tom has washed the car. (Tom ra xe.) hin gi n rt sch s I have lost the key. (Ti b mt cha kha.) hin gi ti khng th vo nh Qu kh n Hnh ng xy ra trong mt khong thi gian v kt thc qu kh VD: She lived in Hanoi for 10 years. (C y sng H Ni 10 nm.) hin gi c y khng cn sng na The director made many films in his career. (Nh o din ny lm rt nhiu phim trong sut s nghip ca mnh.) hin gi ng y khng cn lm phim na Hin ti hon thnh Hnh ng bt u trong qu kh, ko di n hin ti v c th tip tc tng lai VD: She has lived in Hanoi for 10 years. (C y sng H Ni 10 nm.) hin gi c y vn ang sng The director has made many films. (Nh o din ny lm rt nhiu phim.) hin gi ng y vn tip tc lm phim

Qu kh n Ni chi tit v mt s vic va mi xy ra VD: - Ow! I have burnt myself. (i! Ti b phng ri.) - How did you do that? (Lm sao m li b phng vy?) - I picked up a hot dish. (Ti b a thc n nng.) Hin ti hon thnh Thng bo hoc loan tin v mt s vic va mi xy ra VD: - Ow! I have burnt myself. (i! Ti b phng ri.) Bi tp Use the Past simple or the Present perfect. 1. Jill (buy) a new car two weeks ago. 2. His hair is very short. He (have) a haircut. 3. Last night I (arrive) home at half past twelve. 4. (you/visit) many museums when you were in Paris? 5. My bicycle isnt here any more. Somebody (take) it. 6. When (you/give) up smoking? 7. I (not/eat) anything yesterday because I (not/feel) hungry. 8. Why (Jim/want) to play tennis last Friday? 9. The car looks very clean. (you/wash) it? 10. Mr. Clark (work) in a bank for fifteen years. Then he gave it up. 11. Molly lives in Bublin. She (live) there all her life. 12. Bob and Alice are married. They (be) married for 20 years. 13. When we were on holiday, the weather (be) awful. 14. The weather (be) very nice recently, dont you think? 15. My grandfather (die) 30 years ago. I (never/meet) him. 16. I wonder if Mary (reach) home yet? She (leave) too late to catch the bus. 17. We (not/hear) from Harry since he (leave) home. 18. London (change) a lot since we first (come) to live here. 19. How many times (you/see) this film? This is the first time I (see) it. 20. (you/finish) with the bedroom yet ? Gii 1. Jill bought a new car two weeks ago. 2. His hair is very short. He has had a haircut. 3. Last night I arrived home at half past twelve. 4. Did you visit many museums when you were in Paris? 5. My bicycle isnt here any more. Somebody has taken it. 6. When did you give up smoking? 7. I didn't eat anything yesterday because I didn't feel hungry. 8. Why did Jim want to play tennis last Friday?

9. The car looks very clean. Have you washed it? 10. Mr. Clark worked in a bank for fifteen years. Then he gave it up. 11. Molly lives in Bublin. She has lived there all her life. 12. Bob and Alice are married. They have been married for 20 years. 13. When we were on holiday, the weather was awful. 14. The weather has been very nice recently, dont you think? 15. My grandfather died 30 years ago. I never met him. 16. I wonder if Mary has reached home yet? She left too late to catch the bus. 17. We haven't heard from Harry since he left home. 18. London has changed a lot since we first came to live here. 19. How many times have you seen this film? This is the first time I have seen it. 20. Have you finished with the bedroom yet ? Bin tp: Ngy Khi mang ti liu sang khu vc khc ngh ghi r Ngun: www.go.vn/diendan Ln sa cui bi nangkho_9x; 17-03-2012 lc 14:48

Tr li vi trch dn 08-10-2010 11:52 #3 nangkho_9x

We Are GoRadio Team Thnh vin danh d

Ngy tham gia Aug 2009 Bi vit 8.642 Next Level: 1.358

Phn bit Qu kh n v Qu kh tip din

Qu kh n
Hnh ng bt u v kt thc ti mt thi im c th trong qu kh VD: Yesterday I cooked my dinner. (Hm qua ti nu ba ti.) What did you do last Sunday? (Ch nht trc bn lm g?)

Qu kh tip din
Hnh ng ang din ra ti mt thi im c th trong qu kh VD: I was cooking my dinner at 6 p.m yesterday. (Hm qua, lc 6h ti, ti ang nu ba ti.) What were you doing at this time last Sunday? (Gi ny ch nht trc, bn ang lm g?) Note: c th thy rng cch dng ny, th Qu kh n thng din t hnh ng mt cch chung chung cn th Qu kh tip din th din t mt cch chnh xc v chi tit hn v thi gian.

Qu kh n
Hnh ng lp i lp hoc xy ra thng xuyn trong qu kh VD: He always carried an umbrella. (ng ta lun mang theo .)

Qu kh tip din
Hnh ng lp i lp li gy kh chu cho ngi khc VD: He was always ringing me up. (Anh ta c gi in cho ti mi.)

Qu kh n
Hnh ng xy ra trong qu kh VD: Yesterday, Mr Smith worked. (Hm qua, ng Smith lm vic.) nhn mnh n hnh ng lm vic ch khng phi i chi

Qu kh tip din
Hnh ng xy ra v ko di lin tc trong qu kh VD: Yesterday, Mr Smith was working from 2 p.m to 5p.m. (ng Smith lm vic lin tc t 2 n 5h chiu hm qua.) nhn mnh n khong thi gian t 2 n 5h chiu

Qu kh n
Mt lot cc hnh ng xy ra ni tip nhau trong qu kh VD: She got out the car, locked the door, and walked toward the theater. (C y ra khi xe, kha ca ri bc v pha nh ht.)

Qu kh tip din
Hai hay nhiu hnh ng xy ra ng thi trong qu kh VD: Last night, when I was studying, my sister was sleeping. (Ti qua, trong lc ti ang hc bi th ch gi ti ang ng.) Note: 2 cch dng trn d b nhm ln vi mt cch dng, vn l s kt hp ca Qu kh n v Qu kh tip din nhm din t: mt hnh ng ang xy ra trong qu kh th b mt hnh ng cng trong qu kh khc ct ngang. Khi , hnh ng no ang din ra th dng Qu kh tip din, hnh ng no ct ngang th dng Qu kh n. VD: When I came yesterday, he was cooking. (Hm qua, khi ti n, anh y ang nu n.) hnh ng nu n ang xy ra th hnh ng n ct ngang While John was working in the garden, he hurt his back. (John b au lng trong khi anh y ang lm vic ngoi vn.) hnh ng lm vic b hnh ng au lng ct ngang.

Bi tp
I. Use the word given to make sentences. Do not change the order of the words. Use only the Past simple or the Past Continuous. 1) when Don/ arrive/ we/ have/ coffee 2) he/ sit down/ on a chair/ while/ I/ paint/ it 3) the students/ play/ a game/ when/ professor/ arrive 4) Felix/ phone / the fire brigade/ when/ the cooker/ catch/ fire 5) while/ he/ walk/ in the mountain/ Henry/ see/ a bear 6) when/ the starter/ fire/ his pistol/ the race/ begin 7) I/ walk/ home/ when/ it/ start/ to rain 8) when/ Julia/ open/ the door/ the phone/ ring 9) he/ sit/ in the garden/ when/ a wasp/ sting/ him/ on the nose 10) while/ he/ run/ for a bus/ he/ collide/ with a lamp post 11) Vicky/ have/ a nice dream/ when/ the alarm clock/ ring 12) when/ Alex/ see/ the question/ he/ know/ the answer/ immediately 13) the train/ wait/ when/ we/ arrive/ at the station 14) Sarah/ have/ an electric shock/ when/ she/ touch/ the wire 15) when/ the campers/ wake/ they/ see/ the sun/ shine

II. Use the Past simple or the Past Continuous.

1. When Martin (arrive) home, Ann (talk) to somebody on the phone. 2. It (be) cold when we (leave) the house that day, and a light snow (fall). 3. I (call) Roger at nine last night, but he (not/be) at home. He (study) at the library. 4. I (see) Sue in town yesterday but she (not see) me. She (look) the other way. 5. When I (open) the cupboard door, a pile of books (fall) out. 6. - How (you break) your arm? I (slip) on the ice while I (cross) the street in front of the dorm. 7. - What (you do) at this time yesterday? We (drive) to London, but on the way we (hear) about a bomb scare in Oxford Street. So we (drive) back home straightway. 8. I (meet) Tom and Ann at the airport a week ago. They (go) to Berlin and I (go) to Madrid. We (have) a chat while we (wait) for our flights. 9. I (cycle) home yesterday when suddenly a man (step) out into the road in front of me. I (go) quite fast but luckily I (manage) to stop in time and (not hit) him. 10. Flight 2001 (fly) from London to New York when it suddenly (encounter) turbulence and (drop) 15,00 feet. The plane (carry) over 300 passengers and a crew of 17. 11. While divers (work) off the coast of Florida, they (discover) a 100-year-old shipwreck. The shipwreck (contain) gold bars worth $2 millions. The divers (film) life on a coral reef when they (find) the gold. 12. A man was fined $4,000 for stealing an ambulance. The ambulance driver (make) a phone call when the thief (start) up the ambulance. He (speed) away when the drier (see) him and (call) the police. 13. Police got a shock when they (stop) a motorist as she (speed) on the highway. While they (search) the trunk of her car, they (find) 3 snakes. The driver said she (take) them to a pet fair. 14. Last night when we (come) down the hill into town, we (see) a strange object in the sky. It suddenly (appear) in front of us. We (stop) the car and (get) out. As we (watch) it, it suddenly (fly) away and (disappear). 15. It was my first day of class. I finally (find) the right room. The room (already be) full of students. On one side of the room, students (talk) busily to each other in Spanish. Other students (speak) Japanese, and some (converse) in Arabic. It sounded like the United Nation. Some of students (just sit) quietly by themselves. I (choose) an empty seat in the last row and (sit) down. In a few minutes, the teacher (walk) into the room and all the multilingual conversation (stop).

Gii
I. Use the word given to make sentences. Do not change the order of the words. Use only the Past simple or the Past Continuous. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. When Don arrived we were having coffee. He sat down on a chair while I was painting it The students were playing a game when the professor arrived. Felix phoned the fire brigade when the cooker caught fire. While he was walking in the mountain, Henry saw a bear. When the starter fired his pistol, the race began. I was walking home when it started to rain. When Julia was opening the door, the phone rang. He was sitting in the garden when a wasp stung him on the nose.

10. While he was running for a bus, he collided with a lamp post. 11. Vicky was having a nice dream when the alarm clock rang. 12. When Alex saw the question, he knew the answer immediately. 13. The train was waiting when we arrived at the station. 14. Sarah had an electric shock when she touched the wire. 15. When the campers woke, they saw the sun was shining.

II. Use the Past simple or the Past Continuous. 1. arrived was talking 2. was left was falling 3. called wasnt was studying 4. saw - didnt see - was looking 5. opened fell 6. did you break slipped was crossing 7. were you doing were driving heard drove 8. met were going was going had were waiting 9. was cycling stepped was going managed didnt hit 10. was flying encountered dropped was carrying 11. were working discovered contained were filming found 12. was making started up was speeding saw - called 13. stopped was speeding were searching found was taking 14. were coming saw appeared stopped got were watching flew disappeared 15. finally found was already were talking were speaking were conversing just sat chose sat walked - stopped

Bin tp: Ngy Khi mang ti liu sang khu vc khc ngh ghi r Ngun: www.go.vn/diendan Ln sa cui bi nangkho_9x; 29-08-2011 lc 23:42

Tr li vi trch dn 09-11-2010 15:52 #4 nangkho_9x

We Are GoRadio Team Thnh vin danh d

Ngy tham gia Aug 2009 Bi vit 8.642 Next Level: 1.358

Time Expression
Mt trong nhng du hiu nhn bit v phn bit cc Th (Tense) l da vo cc t/cm t ch thi gian (Time Expression)

Simple Present: do/does

Every day/week/month/year/etc On Mondays/weekends/etc Always > Usually > Often > Generally > Sometimes > Occasionally > Once in a while > Rarely > Seldom > Hardly ever > Never (sp xp theo tn sut gim dn)

Present Progressive: am/is/are doing

Now/At the moment/For the moment/At the present: by gi, ti thi im ny Currently: hin ti Temporarily: tm thi This week/month/semester/etc

Today

Present Perfect: have/has done

Many/a couple of/several times: vi ln Since + mc thi gian For + khong thi gian In the last/past week/month/year/etc Up to now/Until now/So far/Up to the present: cho n by gi Lately/Recently/Just: gn y, va mi Already: ri (dng trong cu khng nh) Yet: cha (dng trong cu ph nh v cu hi) Never: cha bao gi Ever: tng Before: trc y It/this/that is the first/second/most/best/only/worst/etc + Clause: y l ln.

Present Perfect Progressive: have/has been doing

All day/morning/week long Since 3 oclock/yesterday For the past/last two days/three hours/etc For ten days/two hours/etc

Simple Past: did

Yesterday Last night/week/month/etc The last/first time + Clause A day/two week/etc ago Earlier today/this week/etc

Past Progressive: was/were + doing

Dng when din t mt hnh ng ang din ra trong qu kh th b mt hnh ng khc ct ngang Dng while din t hai hnh ng ng thi din ra trong qu kh

Past Perfect: had done

Dng by the time din t mt hnh ng xy ra trc mt hnh ng khc trong qu kh Ngoi ra, c th dng before hoc after

Simple Future: will do am/is/are going to do

Tomorrow Tonight Next week/month/year/etc The next time + Clause In a few days/ten minutes/a month/etc

Bin tp: Ngy Khi mang ti liu sang khu vc khc ngh ghi r Ngun: www.go.vn/diendan