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7 )
Determination of
Blood groups
(ABO & Rh systems)
Glass slide method
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ABO antigens and antibodies
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antibodies attach to antigens on
surface of RBC membrane
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antigens of type A antigens of type B
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Lab. no.7: Determination of Blood groups (Glass slide method)
Procedure:
Divide a clean glass slide into three equal
divisions using a glass marking pencil, then label
these divisions anti-A, anti-D and anti-B
A
respectively.
D B
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Place a drop of anti-A serum, anti-D
serum, and anti-B serum in the
respective divisions.
A D B
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Prick a finger with a sterile lancet, and add one drop of
blood to each anti-serum. With the help of a clean wood
stick, mix the blood & anti-sera thoroughly. Use separate
wood sticks for separate sera.
A D B
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After (5–10 min.) observe the sera for the evidence of
clumping of the red blood cells.
Clumping
=
Agglutination
Type A Type B
Type AB Type O
anti- D
Rh
+
Rh-
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Cross matching:
This is done by performing the following two tests:
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Percentage of each ABO Blood Type by Country
ABO Type % % % % %
O 46 47 41 30 35
A 40 42 45 38 27
B 10 8 10 22 26
AB 4 3 4 10 12
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