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  • Cellular Respiration: Food ATP

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    Cellular respiration involves multiple metabolic pathways that break down glucose and other food molecules to extract energy in the form of ATP. Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm and involves enzymatic breakdown of glucose into pyruvate with a net production of 2 ATP per glucose molecule. Pyruvate then enters the mitochondria where it is further broken down through the Krebs Cycle/Citric Acid Cycle and Electron Transport Chain, producing more ATP through oxidative phosphorylation using oxygen as the final electron acceptor. This multi-step process allows eukaryotic cells to efficiently harvest much more chemical energy from food molecules than prokaryotes.

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    How Living Cells Respire!

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    Cell Respiration

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    Cellular respiration involves multiple metabolic pathways that break down glucose and other food molecules to extract energy in the form of ATP. Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm and involves enzymatic breakdown of glucose into pyruvate with a net production of 2 ATP per glucose molecule. Pyruvate then enters the mitochondria where it is further broken down through the Krebs Cycle/Citric Acid Cycle and Electron Transport Chain, producing more ATP through oxidative phosphorylation using oxygen as the final electron acceptor. This multi-step process allows eukaryotic cells to efficiently harvest much more chemical energy from food molecules than prokaryotes.

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    16 views40 pages

    Cellular Respiration: Food ATP

    Uploaded by

    Bio Sciences
    Cellular respiration involves multiple metabolic pathways that break down glucose and other food molecules to extract energy in the form of ATP. Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm and involves enzymatic breakdown of glucose into pyruvate with a net production of 2 ATP per glucose molecule. Pyruvate then enters the mitochondria where it is further broken down through the Krebs Cycle/Citric Acid Cycle and Electron Transport Chain, producing more ATP through oxidative phosphorylation using oxygen as the final electron acceptor. This multi-step process allows eukaryotic cells to efficiently harvest much more chemical energy from food molecules than prokaryotes.

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    of 40

    Cellular Respiration

    All living things need energy Energy in the form of

    Food=chemical
    energy

    Cell energy=

    ATP

    Eukaryote vs Prokaryote Glycolytic pathways

    Prokaryotes

    Lack mitochondria?? Free enzymes break down glucose-ATP

    1 glucose=2 ATP No O2 needed so

    ANAEROBIC
    Some,however???

    Quiz-anaerobic gylcolysis

    Where in the cell does gylcolysis occur? Fate of glucose in the beginning of gylcolysis? Explain it takes energy to make energy?? How much net ATP is made? What else is made? 2 types of fermentation?

    Cytoplasm Fructose (isomer) Invest 2 ATP get 4 Net= 2 ATP CO2 + NADH Lactate or alcohol

    Mitochondrial structure

    Two compartments inner and outer Inner=MATRIX Lotsa folds=why?

    Outer=acidwhy?

    The Mitochondria

    Double membrane Has its own DNA!! Can reproduce in cell! Endosymbiont?? Possible evolution?

    Possible evolution of mitochondria-endosymbiont

    The Fate of PYRUVATE


    Taken into mitochondria Broken down to ACETATE CO2 produced Binds to large protein Coenzyme A to produce acetyl Coenzyme A

    The TCA or KREBS CYCLE

    CO2 NADH & FADH


    2 more ATP

    Krebs Cycle

    Quiz-Krebs cycle (TCA cycle)


    What are the reactants? What is produced? What do we mean by nonmembrane reactions? What is NADH? FADH? What is CoA and why is it important?

    Pyruvate (C3) 2 ATP, CO2, NADH, FADH Enzymes not embedded Energy carriers Escort molecule to Krebs cycle

    3rd alternative pathway


    Mitochondria and O2 needed Uses NADH and FADH produced in previous reactions To make more ATP Lots more!!

    What is NADH?? FADH??


    ENERGY CARRIER! Same for FADH Carrier to?

    Electron Transport System

    ETS (cytochrome chain) is a series of reduction/oxidation reactions Enzymes embedded in mitochondrial membranes

    ETS--Chemiosmosis

    RedOx reactions pump H+ out of matrix to Outer compartment H+ = acidaha!

    Chemiosmosis

    H+ can only fall back into matrix thru A special enzyme/protein complex ATP SYNTHASEguess what that makes?? Buthow much ATP??

    glycolysis

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