1

1.
3 .
(i) ( )
(ii) (
(Pitting) .
(iii)
3 .

.
Lewis , Niemann .
.
AGMA 2001, DIN 3990, BS 436, JGMA 401
ISO TC 60 1996
ISO 6336 .
2 . .
2.1

, .


.
,

.
ht t p :\ \ use r .chollia n.ne t / ~f inde r
2
1892 (W. Lewis)

.
(Over design) .
.
1) Lewis
1.

.
B, C .
B
=
M
Z
=
Pn cos l
s
F
2
b
6

P ' l =
B
b s
F
2
/ 6

P' = P n cos = P cos / cos ,
l = m , s
F
= m
P =
B
b m
cos
cos
2
6
=
B
b m y
y =
cos
cos
2
6

y .

B
, b, m P
.

(i) .
1 Lewis
ht t p :\ \ use r .chollia n.ne t / ~f inde r
3
(ii)
.
(iii) .
(iv) .
(v) 100%
.
(vi) .
(vii) .
2) Nie ma nn
.
Niemann
.




v

.
v
= (
b
-
d
)
2
+ ( a
2
)
2
b
=
6 P n l cos w
b s
f
2
:
d
=
P n s in w
b s
f
:
=
P n cos w
b s
f
:
a : , 2.5 .
2
ht t p :\ \ use r .chollia n.ne t / ~f inde r
4

v
=
cos w
cos
c
s
f
(
6 l
s
f
- t an w
)
2
+ 2 . 5
2
= q
k
P
b
q
k
q
k


q
k
=
cos w
cos
c
s
f
(
6 l
s
f
- t an w
)
2
+ 2 . 5
2
q
Gear 1
q
1
=
1. 4
n
+ 0 . 4
q
2
=
1. 4
w
+ 0 .4
Gear 2
q
1
=
1. 4
w
+ 0 . 4
q
2
=
1. 4
n
+ 0 .4

n
:
w
= 1 + (
n
- 1 )
m
n
+ v / 4
m
n
+ f / 6
2
v : ( m/s )
m
n
:
f :

q
k
q
v

q
w
= q q
k

k
k
= q
k
P u
b
ht t p :\ \ use r .chollia n.ne t / ~f inde r
5

w
w
= q
w
Pu
b
2.2
AGMA 2001, DIN 3990, BS 436,
JGMA 401, 402 ISO TC 60 1996
ISO 6336 .
AGMA ANSI
. . AGMA

.
DIN ISO . ISO JGMA
6101, 6102 . ISO
.
.
JGMA 401, 402 ISO JGMA 6101, 6102 ISO, DIN

.
2.2.1 AGMA ( Be nd ing St re ngt h )
.
- AGMA 2001-B88 ( 1990 )
Fundamental Rating Factors and Calculation Methods for Involute and Helical Gear Teeth
- AGMA 218.01 ( 1982 )
Rating the Pitting Resistance and Bending Strength of Spur and Helical Involute Gear
Teeth
ht t p :\ \ use r .chollia n.ne t / ~f inde r
6
1)
.
(fillet)
.

,
,
.

.
s
t
=
W
t
K
a
K
v
1. 0
F m
K
s
K
m
J
s
t
: Bending Stress Number ( MPa )
K
a
: Application Factor for bending strength
K
s
: Size Factor for bending strength
K
m
: Load distribution factor for bending strength
K
v
: Dynamic factor for bending strength
J : Geometry factor for bending strength
m : Nominal metric module in plane of rotation (mm)
: Helical over factor
J =
Y C
K
f
m
N
Y : Tooth form factor
K
f
: Stress correction factor
C : Helical overlap factor
m
N
: Load sharing ratio
, , , ,
. (application factor) 1 100
99%
. (life factor)
.
ht t p :\ \ use r .chollia n.ne t / ~f inde r
7
s
t
s
a t
K
L
K
H
K
T
K
R
s
a t
: Allowable bending stress number
K
L
: Life factor for bending strength
K
H
: Hardness ratio factor for bending strength
K
T
: Temperature factor for bending strength r
K
R
: Reliability factor for bending strength
3 Life Fact or K
L
3. .
2) (Pitt ing Res is ta nce )
(pitting) .

.
.
Hertz
.
s
c
= C
p
W
t
C
a
C
v
C
s
d F
C
m
C
f
I
s
c
: Contact Stress Number ( MPa )
C
p
: Elastic coefficient ( (MPa) 1/2 )
W
t
: Transmitted tangential load ( N )
ht t p :\ \ use r .chollia n.ne t / ~f inde r
8
C
a
: Application Factor for pitting resistance
C
s
: Size Factor for pitting resistance
C
m
: Load distribution factor for pitting resistance
C
f
: Surface condition factor
C
v
: Dynamic factor
d : Operating pitch diameter of pinion
d =
2 C
M
G
+ 1. 0
C : Operating Center Distance (mm)
m
G
: Gear Ratio
F : Net Face width of narrowest member (mm)
I : Geometry factor for pitting resistance
I , ,
.
I =
C
c
C
x
C
2
m
N
C
c
: Curvature factor at pitch line
C
x
: Contact height factor
C : Helical overlap factor
m
N
: Load sharing ratio
, , , ,
. (application factor) 1 100
99%
. (life factor)
.
s
a
s
ac
C
L
C
H
C
T
C
R
s
ac
: Allowable contact stress number
C
L
: Life factor for pitting resistance
C
H
: Hardness ratio factor for pitting resistance
C
T
: Temperature factor for pitting resistance
ht t p :\ \ use r .chollia n.ne t / ~f inde r
9
C
R
: Reliability factor for pitting resistance
2.2.2 J GMA
.
JGMA401-01 ( 1974),
( )
JGMA402-01 ( 1975),
( )
1)
F
t l im
=
F lim
(
m
n
b
Y
F
Y Y ) (
K
L
K
F X
K
V
K
O
)
1
S
F
m :
b : [mm]
Y
F
:
Y :
Y :
K
L
:
K
F X
:
K
V
:
K
O
:
S
F
: ( > 1.2 )
2)
F
t l im
=
F H lim
2
d
01
b
H
i
i 1 (
K
H L
Z
L
Z
R
Z
V
Z
W
K
HX
Z
H
Z
M
Z Z )
1
K
H
K
V
K
O
1
S
H
2
: + , - .
d
01
: (mm)
b
H
: (mm)
i :
Z
H
:
Z
M
:
Z :
ht t p :\ \ use r .chollia n.ne t / ~f inde r
10
Z :
K
HL
:
Z
L
:
Z
R
:
Z
V
:
Z
W
:
K
HX
:
K
H
:
K
V
:
K
O
:
S
H
: ( > 1.15 )
2.2.3 ISO
- ISO 6336-1 ( 1996) Calculation of load capacity of spur and helical gears --
Part 1: Basic principles, introduction and general influence factors
- ISO 6336-2 ( 1996) Calculation of load capacity of spur and helical gears --
Part 2: Calculation of surface durability (pitting)
- ISO 6336-3 ( 1996) Calculation of load capacity of spur and helical gears --
Part 3: Calculation of tooth bending strength
- ISO 6336-5 ( 1996) Calculation of load capacity of spur and helical gears --
Part 5: Strength and quality of materials
A E .
,
Method A . Method A
Method B .
Method D .
Method A B, C, D E
.
.
ht t p :\ \ use r .chollia n.ne t / ~f inde r
11
B C
. AGMA
ISO ,
. ISO Method C JGMA 6101
. Method C .
1)
AGMA ISO
H. Hofer 30 .
.
(Nominal tooth-root stress)
F 0

F 0
=
F
t
b m
n
Y
F a
Y
S a
Y Y =
F
t
b m
n
Y
F S
Y Y
Y
F a
: Tooth form factor
Y
S a
: Stress correction factor
Y : Contact ratio factor
Y
F S
: Tip factor Y
F S
= Y
F a
Y
S a
(Toot-root stress)
F
F
=
F 0
K
A
K
V
K
F
K
F F P
F P
: Permissible bending stress
K
A
: Application factor
K
V
: Dynamic factor
K
F
: Face load factor
K
F
: Transverse load factor
(Permissible bending stress)
F P
F P
=
F lim
Y
S T
Y
N T
S
F min
Y
rel T
Y
R r el T
Y
X
=
F E
Y
N T
S
F min
Y
r el T
Y
R re l T
Y
X
=
F G
S
F min
ht t p :\ \ use r .chollia n.ne t / ~f inde r
12
F l im
: Nominal bending stress number from reference test gears
F E
: Allowable bending stress number
F E
=
F l im
Y
S T
Y
S T
: Stress correction factor
Y
N T
: Life factor for tooth-root stress
F G
: Tooth-root stress limit
F G
=
F P
S
F min
S
F min
: Minimum required safety factor
Y
r el T
: Relative notch sensitivity factor
Y
R re l T
: Relative surface factor
Y
X
: Size factor relevant to tooth-root strength
(Permissible bending stress
F P
) (
Nominal bending stress number from reference test gears
F lim
)
. 4
.
4
(Tooth form factor) Y
F a
ht t p :\ \ use r .chollia n.ne t / ~f inde r
13
Y
F a
=
6
h
F a
m
n
cos
F an
[
s
F n
m
n
]
2
cos
n
s
F n
: Normal chordal dimension of tooth
root critical section
h
F a
: Bending moment arm relevant to
load application at the external
gear tooth tip

5 .
ISO

.
.

30 . AGMA
. ISO
(form factor)
( 6).
.
2)
(Nominal contact stress)
H0
= Z
H
Z
E
Z Z
F
t
d
1
b
u + 1
u
(Contact Stress for the pinion)
H
= Z
B H0
K
A
K
V
K
H
K
H HP
(Contact Stress for the gear)
5 Y
F a
6 Y
F a
ht t p :\ \ use r .chollia n.ne t / ~f inde r
14
H
= Z
D H0
K
A
K
V
K
H
K
H HP
H
: Contact stress
Z
B
: The pinion single pair tooth contact factor
Z
D
: The gear single pair tooth contact factor
HP
: Permissible contact stress
Z
H
: Zone factor
Z
E
: Elasticity factor
Z : Contact ratio factor
Z : Helix angle factor
F
t
: Nominal tangential load
b : Face width
d
1
: Reference diameter of pinion
u : Gear ratio ( Z2/Z1 ) +, -
K
A
: Application factor
K
V
: Dynamic factor
K
H
: Face load factor
K
H
: Transverse load factor
(Permissible contact stress)
HP
=
H lim
Z
N T
S
H min
Z
L
Z
V
Z
R
Z
W
Z
X
=
H G
S
H min
H lim
: Allowable stress number
Z
N T
: Life Factor
H G
: Pitting stress limit
S
H min
: Minimum required safety factor
Z
L
: Lubricant factor
Z
R
: Roughness factor
Z
V
: Velocity factor
Z
W
: Work hardening factor
Z
X
: Size factor
ht t p :\ \ use r .chollia n.ne t / ~f inde r