†cŠi †mevt bvMwiK fvebv

GKwU mgx¶ v

GwcÖj 2004

myRb mykvm‡bi Rb¨bvMwiK

mwPevjq: evox bs 27, moK bs 16, avbgwÛ evwbwRK̈ GjvKv, XvKv-1209
 m~PxcÎ
mvi ms‡¶ c c„ôv bs
we¯ZvwiZ wi‡cvU©
1. f~wgKv
2. M‡elYvi D‡Ïk¨
3. M‡elYvi mxgve×Zv
4. M‡elYvi AvIZvf~³ GjvKvmg~n
5. M‡elYvi c×wZ
5.1 cÖkgœvjv ˆZwi
5.2 DËi`vZv wbe©vPb
5.3 Rwic c×wZ wb©aviY I Z_¨msMÖn
5.4 Z_¨we‡k-lY I wi‡cvU©‰Zwi
6. Rwic Z_¨
7. DËi`vZv‡`i Z_¨
7.1 DËi`vZv‡`i ‰jw½K cwiPq
7.2 DËi`vZv‡`i wk¶ vMZ †hvMZ̈v
7.3 DËi`vZv‡`i ‡ckv
7.4 DËi`vZv‡`i eqm
8. †mevmg~‡ni Z_¨
8.1 ‡cŠimfv¸ ‡jv‡Z ‡mev wfwËK Amš‘wói wPÎ
8.1.1 dwi`cyi †cŠimfv
8.1.2 MvBevÜ v †cŠimfv
8.1.3 ‡bvqvLvjx †cŠimfv
8.1.4 bovBj †cŠimfv
8.1.5 cUzqvLvjx †cŠimfv
8.1.6 ‡g‡nicyi †cŠimfv
8.1.7 jvjgwbinvU †cŠimfv
8.1.8 mybvgMÄ †cŠimfv
8.2 ‡mevwfwËK Amš‘wói mvwe©K wPÎ
8.3 †cŠimfvi iv¯Zv wbg©vb, †givgZ I msi¶ Y
8.3.1 †cŠi GjvKvi bZzb iv¯Zv-NvU wbgv©b
8.3.2 †cŠi GjvKvi bZzb iv¯Zv-Nv‡Ui eZ©gvb Ae¯’v
8.3.3 †cŠi GjvKvq iv‡Z PjvP‡ji Rb¨iv¯Zvq Av‡jvi e믒v
8.4 †cŠi GjvKvi cwi®‹vi cwi”QbœZv
8.4.1 †cŠimfvi iv¯Zv-NvU I nvU-evRvi cwi®‹vi cwi”QbœZv
8.4.2 †cŠi GjvKvi gqjv AveR©bv AcmviY
8.4.3 †cŠimfvi †Wª‡bR I cqte믒vcbv
8.5 †cŠi GjvKvq wbivc` cvwb mieivn
1
8.6 †cŠi GjvKvi bvMwiK‡`i wPwKrmv e믒vwbwð ZKiY
8.7 †cŠi GjvKvq cÖv_wgK wk¶ v e믒vDbœqb/ wbwð ZKiY
8.8 †cŠi GjvKvi cwi‡ek msi¶ Y
8.9 †cŠimfvi bvMwiK‡`i Rb¨mb`cÎ
8.10 †cŠimfvi Ki msMÖ‡n ¯^”QZv
8.11 †cŠimfvi cÖkvm‡bi Revew`wnZv
8.12 †cŠi GjvKvq bvix Dbœqb I ¶ gZvqb
8.13 †cŠi GjvKvq cvwK©se믒v
8.14 †cŠi GjvKvq mgvR‡mevg~jK KvR
9. KiYxq
10. Dcmsnvi
mshyw³ - 1 cÖkcœÎ

2
 mvi msঠc

kni ev bMi ch©v‡qi ¯’vbxq miKvi †cŠimfv weavb e‡j Zvi Awaevwm‡`i wbw`©ó wKQy †mev cÖ`v‡b `vqe×| ‡cŠimfv¸ ‡jv GB †mev¸ ‡jv KZLvwb w`‡Z cvi‡Q ev RbMY Gme †mev ev
myweav cÖvwßi †¶ ‡Î KZLvwb mš‘ó ev Amš‘ó, Zv Rvb‡Z myRb-mykvm‡bi Rb¨bvMwiK, 2004 mv‡ji †deª“qvix-gv‡P©†`‡ki MvBevÜ v, jvjgwbinvU, dwi`cyi, bovBj, †g‡nicyi,
cUzqvLvjx, †bvqvLvjx I mybvgMÄ †gvU 8wU †cŠimfvq GKwU Rwic Kvh©cwiPvjbv K‡i| †g gv‡m Abywô Ze¨†cŠi wbe©vP‡bi cÖv° v‡j G ai‡bi Rwic Kvh©cwiPvjbvi D‡Ïk¨wQj
†cŠimfvi †`q †mev cªvwßi ev̈cv‡i bvMwiK fvebv Rvbv Ges mevB‡K Zv Rvwb‡q `vqe× †cŠi cÖkvmb m„wó‡Z mn‡hvwMZv Kiv| †mev¸ ‡jv‡K †gvU 12wU fv‡M wef³ K‡i Z_¨msMÖn
Kiv nq| G Rwi‡c †gvU 2920 Rb DËi`vZv Zv‡`i ¸ i“Z¡cY~ ©gZvgZ †`b hv‡`i g‡a¨wQj 2093 Rb cyi“l Ges 827 Rb bvix| DËi`vZv‡`i g‡a¨4.7% wbi¶ i, 14.2%
cÖv_wgK wk¶ vq, 29.3% gvaẅgK wk¶ vq, 17.9% D”P gvaẅgK wk¶ vq Ges 34.0% mœvZK ev mœvZ‡KvËi wk¶ vq wkw¶ Z| †ckvwfwËK we‡k-l‡Y †`Lv hvq †h, DËi`vZv‡`i g‡a¨
23.0% PvKzix, 30.4% eëmv, 3.4% K…wl, 3.6% kªwgK, 18.5% M„nKg©,16.1% QvÎ Ges 4.5% Abv̈b¨†ckvq wb‡qvwRZ|

1. ‡mevmg~‡ni Z_¨
Rwi‡c †`Lv hvq †h, mvwe©Kfv‡e †cŠievwmiv †Wª‡bR I cqte믒vcbvq me‡P‡q †ekx Amš‘ó| GB Amš‘wói nvi cÖvq 64%| Amš‘wói †¶ ‡Î wØZxq Ae¯’v‡b Av‡Q mgvR‡mevg~jK KvR
hv‡Z Amš‘wói nvi cÖvq 59%| bvix Dbœqb I Zv‡`i ¶ gZvq‡bi †¶ ‡Î †cŠimfv h_vh_ f~wgKv ivL‡Z cvi‡Q bv e‡j gšZe¨K‡i‡Qb cÖvq 46% DËi`vZv| cÖvq 45% DËi`vZv
e‡j‡Qb †h, Zviv gqjv AveR©bv Acmvi‡bi †¶ ‡Î †cŠimfvi f~wgKvq †gv‡UB mš‘ó bb| iv¯ZvÑ Nv‡Ui eZ©gvb Ae¯’vq mš‘ó bb 43% DËi`vZv| cwi‡ek msi¶ ‡Y †Kvb f~wgKv
†cŠimfv ivL‡Q bv e‡j gšZe¨K‡i‡Qb cÖvq 37% DËi`vZv| Zviv Gev̈cv‡i †gv‡UB mš‘óbb| cÖv_wgK wk¶ v e믒vDbœqb I wbwð ZKi‡Yi †¶ ‡Î †cŠimfvi f~wgKvq Amš‘wó cÖKvk
K‡i‡Qb cÖvq 30% DËi`vZv| wewfbœai‡bi mb`cÎ cÖvwßi †¶ ‡Î †cŠievwmi me‡P‡q Kg Amš‘wó cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q|

‡cŠimfvi †`q wewfbœ†mev cÖvwßi †¶ ‡Î bvMwiK Amš‘wói cÖKvk fv‡jvfv‡e N‡U‡Q Zv‡`i wewfbœgšZ‡e¨| KL‡bv KL‡bv Zv‡`i gZvgZ¸ ‡jv cÖ¯Zvebvi AvKv‡i G‡m‡Q| ¸ i“Z¡cY~ ©
cÖ¯Zvebv¸ ‡jv n‡jv-
??DbœZ ‡Wª‡bR I cqtwb®‹vkb e믒vKiv
??bvix Dbœqb I ¶ gZvqb wbwð Z Kiv
??gv`Kvmw³ cÖwZ‡iva, mvgvwRK k„•Ljv i¶ v cÖfw„Z
??‡cŠi cÖkvm‡bi Revew`wnZv wbwð Z Kiv
??wkï ‡`i Rb¨cvK©,†Ljvi gvV cÖfw„Zi e믒vKiv
??`~b©xwZ cÖwZ‡iva Kiv

2. ‡cŠimfv wfwËK ‡mevi Amš‘wói wPÎ

2.1 dwi`cyi ‡cŠimfv

dwi`cyi †cŠimfvi DËi`vZviv ‡Wª‡bR I cqte믒vcbvq me‡P‡q †ekx Amš‘wó cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb| Amš‘wói nvi cÖvq 71%| me‡P‡q Kg Amš‘wó cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q †cŠimfv †_‡K wewfbœ
ai‡bi mb`cÎ cÖvw߇Z| DËi`vZv‡`i gvÎ 12.77% G‡¶ ‡Î Amš‘ó| gqjv AveR©bv Acmvi‡bi †¶ ‡Î cÖvq 51% DËi`vZv Amš‘ó| cÖv_wgK wk¶ v Dbœqb I wbwð ZK‡iYi †¶ ‡Î
cÖvq 37% DËi`vZv Amš‘wó cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb| bvix Dbœqb I ¶ gZvq‡bi Kv‡R Amš‘wói nvi cÖvq 54%|

2.2 MvBevÜ v †cŠimfv

dwi`cy‡ii gZ MvBevÜ v †cŠimfviI ‡ekxifvM DËi`vZv (cÖvq 65%) †Wª‡bR I cqte믒vcbvq Amš‘ó| me‡P‡q Kg Amš‘wó cÖKvk ‡c‡q‡Q wewfbœai‡bi mb`cÎ cÖvw߇Z| Amš‘wói
nvi cÖvq 22%| Amš‘wói ‡¶ ‡Î wØZxq Ae¯’v‡b Av‡Q wPwKrmv e믒vmsµ všZ wewfbœai‡bi myweav| G‡¶ ‡Î Amš‘wói nvi cÖvq 62%| iv¯ZvÑ Nv‡Ui eZ©gvb Ae¯’vq cÖvq 54%
DËi`vZv Amš‘ó|

3
2.3 ‡bvqvLvjx †cŠimfv
‡bvqvLvjx †cŠievwm me‡P‡q †ekx Amš‘ó †Wª‡bR I cqte믒vcbvq| G‡¶ ‡Î Amš‘wói nvi cÖvq 73%| wØZxq Ae¯’v‡b Av‡Q wbivc` cvwb mieiv‡n; Amš‘wói nvi cÖvq 66%| me‡P‡q
Kg Amš‘wó (cÖvq 23%) cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q Ki msMÖ‡ni †¶ ‡Î|

2.4 bovBj †cŠimfv

‡mev m¤ú‡K©mš‘wó-Amš‘wó cÖKv‡ki †¶ ‡Î bovBj †cŠievwmi cÖvq 82% iv¯Zv-Nv‡Ui eZ©gvb Ae¯’vq †gv‡UB mš‘ó bb| cÖvq 77% DËi`vZv e‡j‡Qb †h, Zviv †Wª‡bR I
cqte믒vcbvq mš‘óbb| bvMwiK‡`i me‡P‡q Kg Amš‘wó cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q wewfbœai‡bi mb`cÎ cÖvwßi †¶ ‡Î; Amš‘wói nvi gvÎ cÖvq 8%|

2.5 cUzqvLvjx †cŠimfv

‡Wª‡bR I cqte믒vcbvq cUzqvLvjx †cŠimfvi cÖvq 70% DËi`vZv Amš‘ó| Amš‘wói gvÎvi w`K w`‡q GwU m‡e©v”P| wØZxq Ae¯’v‡b Av‡Q cvwK©se믒v| G‡Z Amš‘wói nvi cÖvq
60%| cÖv_wgK wk¶ v Dbœqb I wbwð ZKi‡Yi †¶ ‡Î Amš‘wói nvi cÖvq 11%| iv‡Z PjvP‡ji Rb¨iv¯Zvq Av‡jvi e믒vi †¶ ‡Î cÖvq 42% DËi`vZv Amš‘wó cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb|

2.6 ‡g‡nicyi †cŠimfv

‡g‡nicyi †cŠimfvi DËi`vZviv mgvR‡mevg~jK Kv‡R ‡cŠimfvi f~wgKvq me‡P‡q †ekx Amš‘ó| GB Amš‘wói nvi cÖvq 62%| Gi ciB i‡q‡Q †Wª‡bR I cqte믒vcbv| †Wª‡bR I
cqte믒vcbvq DËi`vZv‡`i cÖvq 53% Amš‘ó| DËi`vZv‡`i g‡Z †cŠimfv me‡P‡q †ekx ¯^”Q Ki msMÖ‡n| G‡¶ ‡Î Amš‘wói nvi gvÎ 2.5%|

2.7 jvjgwbinvU †cŠimfv

jvjgwbinv‡Ui DËi`vZviv me‡P‡q Amš‘ócvwK©se믒vq †cŠimfvq f~wgKvq| Amš‘wói nvi cÖvq 83%| †Wª‡bR I cqte믒vcbvq Amš‘wói nvi cÖvq 78%| iv¯Zvq iv‡Z PjvP‡ji
Rb¨Av‡jvi e믒vcbvq mš‘óbb cÖvq 51% DËi`vZv| bZzb iv¯Zv-NvU wbg©v‡bi †¶ ‡Î cÖvq 54% DËi`vZv Amš‘wó cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb|

2.8 mybvgMÄ †cŠimfv

mybvgMÄ †cŠimfvi DËi`vZviv me‡P‡q †ekx Amš‘wó cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb †Wª‡bR I cqte믒vcbvq †cŠimfvi f~wgKvq| G‡¶ ‡Î Amš‘wói nvi cÖvq 42%| iv¯Zv-Nv‡Ui eZ©gvb Ae¯’vq
mš‘óbb cÖvq 33% DËi`vZv| bvix Dbœqb I ¶ gZvq‡bi †¶ ‡Î cªvq 25% DËi`vZv Amš‘wó cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb|

3. ‡mev wfwËK ‡cŠimfv¸ ‡jvi Amš‘wói wPÎ

3.1 bZzb iv¯ZvNvU wbgv©b

‡gvU 2920 Rb DËi`vZvi g‡a¨41% †cŠi GjvKvi bZzb iv¯ZvNvU wbgv©‡bi ev̈cv‡i †gvUvgywU mš‘ó| G ev̈cv‡i Amš‘wói nvi 32.8% n‡jI cy‡ivcywi mšËzwói nvi gvÎ 25.8%|

3.2 iv¯ZvNv‡Ui eZ©gvb Ae¯’v

†cŠi GjvKvi iv¯ZvNv‡Ui eZ©gvb Ae¯’vq Amš‘wó cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb 43% DËi`vZv| G †¶ ‡Î †gvUvgywU mš‘wói nvi 40.5% n‡jI cy‡ivcywi mš‘ó DËi`vZvi nvi gvÎ 16.2%|
‡cŠimfv wfwËK Z_¨we‡k-l‡Y †`Lv hvq †h, G ‡¶ ‡Î bovBj †cŠimfvi (Amš‘wói nvi 82.3%) Ae¯’vLyeB bvRyK| G ‡¶ ‡Î me‡P‡q fv‡jv Ae¯’v‡b Av‡Q ‡g‡nicyi †cŠimfv
(Amš‘wói nvi 6.9%)|

3.3 iv‡Z PjvP‡ji Rb¨iv¯Zvq Av‡jvi e믒v

‡gvU 2920 Rb DËi`vZvi g‡a¨40.2% †cŠi GjvKvq iv‡Z PjvP‡ji Rb¨Av‡jvi e믒vq mš‘óbb| G‡¶ ‡Î 34.7% †gvUvgywU mš‘óI 24.4% cy‡ivcywi Amš‘ó| GB cÖ‡kœi Dˇi
34.8% bvix Zv‡`i Amš‘wói K_v Rvwb‡q‡Qb| bvix‡`i g‡a¨35.4% G ev̈cv‡i †gvUvgywU mš‘wó I 24.8% mš‘ó|

3.4 iv¯Zv-NvU I nvU-evRvi cwi®‹vi cwi”QbœZv

iv¯Zv-NvU I nvU-evRvi cwi®‹vi cwi”QbœZvi †¶ ‡Î 45.3% DËi`vZv †gvUvgywU mš‘ó| 35.8% DËi`vZv Amš‘ón‡jI cy‡ivcywi mš‘óDËi`vZvi nvi gvÎ 18.5%|
4
3.5 gqjv AveR©bv Acmvib
‡cŠi GjvKvi gqjv AveR©bv Acmvi‡bi †¶ ‡Î 44.7% DËi`vZvB mš‘óbb| 38.7% †gvUvgywU mš‘ón‡jI cy‡ivcywi mš‘wói nvi gvÎ 16%| Gev̈cv‡i me‡P‡q Lvivc Ae¯’vq i‡q‡Q
jvjgwbinvU †cŠimfv (Amš‘wói nvi 66.5%) Ges wKQyUv fv‡jv Ae¯’vq Av‡Q †g‡nicyi †cŠimfv (Amš‘wói nvi 29.6%)|

3.6 †Wª‡bR I cqte믒vcbv

‡Wª‡bR I cqte믒vcbvq Amš‘ó DËi`vZvi nvi 34.3%, †gvUvgywU mš‘wói nvi 22.1% Ges cy‡ivcywi mš‘wói nvi gvÎ 12.7%| G‡¶ ‡Î me‡P‡q Lvivc Ae¯’v‡b i‡q‡Q h_vµ ‡g
mybvgMÄ (Amš‘wói nvi 77.8%) I jvjgwbinvU (Amš‘wói nvi 77.8%) †cŠimfv|

3.7 wbivc` cvwb mieivn

‡cŠi GjvKvi wbivc` cvwb mieivni †¶ ‡Î †gvUvgywU mš‘ó 35.3% DËi`vZv| DËi`vZvi 34.0% mš‘ó bb Avi cy‡ivcywi mš‘ó DËi`vZvi nvi 25.8%| Gev̈cv‡i bvix
DËi`vZv‡`i g‡a¨34.8% mš‘óbb| evKx‡`i g‡a¨†gvUvgywU I cy‡ivcywi mš‘wói nvi h_vµ ‡g 35.4% I 24.8%|

3.8 wPwKrmv e믒vwbwð ZKiY

‡gvU 2920 Rb DËi`vZvi g‡a¨46.2% ‡cŠi GjvKvi bvMwiK‡`i wPwKrmv e믒vwbwð ZKi‡Y mš‘ó bb| G‡¶ ‡Î †gvUvgywU mš‘ó DËi`vZvi nvi 35.0% n‡jI cy‡ivcywi mš‘ó
DËi`vZvi nvi gvÎ 18.3%| Rwic †_‡K †`Lv hvq bvMwiK‡`i wPwKrmv e믒vwbwð ZKi‡Y me‡P‡q fv‡jv f~wgKv †i‡L‡Q †g‡nicyi †cŠimfv (Amš‘wói nvi 30.3%) Ges me‡P‡q
Lvivc Ae¯’v‡b i‡q‡Q bovBj †cŠimfv (Amš‘wói nvi 63.8%)|

3.9 cÖv_wgK wk¶ v e믒vDbœqb/ wbwð ZKiY

‡cŠi GjvKvi wk¶ ve믒vDbœq‡b †gvUvgywU mš‘ó49.3% DËi`vZv| G‡¶ ‡Î Amš‘óI cy‡ivcywi mš‘wói nvi h_vµ ‡g 30.1%I 20.00%| Gev̈cv‡i GwM‡q Av‡Q mybvgMÄ †cŠimfv
(Amš‘wói nvi 23.3%) Ges me‡P‡q wcwQ‡q Av‡Q jvjgwbinvU †cŠimfv (mš‘wói nvi 46.7%)|

3.10 cwi‡ek msi¶ Y

‡cŠi GjvKvi cwi‡ek msi¶ ‡Y †cŠimfvi f~wgKv m¤ú‡K©43.5% DËi`vZv †gvUvgywU| G‡¶ ‡Î mš‘ó I cy‡ivcywi mš‘ó DËi`vZvi nvi h_vµ ‡g 37.3% I 18.3%| cwi‡ek
msi¶ ‡Yi w`K †_‡K fv‡jv Ae¯’v‡b Av‡Q cUzqvLvjx †cŠimfv (Amš‘wói nvi 13.4%) Ges me‡P‡q Lvivc Ae¯’v‡b Av‡Q jvjgwbinvU †cŠimfv (Amš‘wói nvi 53.7%)| MvBevÜ v
†cŠimfvi Ae¯’vI Lye fv‡jv bq| (Amš‘wói nvi 53.2%)|

3.10 mb`cÎ
‡cŠi bvMwiKiv wewfbœai‡bi mb`cÎ cÖ`v‡b †cŠi cªwZwbwa‡`i f~wgKv I ¯^”QZv m¤ú‡K©15.3% DËi`vZv mš‘ó bb| G‡¶ ‡Î †gvUvgywU mš‘óI cy‡ivcywi mš‘óMÖnxZvi nvi h_vµ ‡g
36.4% I 47.5%|

3.11 Ki msMÖ‡n ¯^”QZv

‡gvU 2920 Rb DËi`vZvi g‡a¨†gvUvgywU mš‘ó I cy‡ivcywi mš‘wói nvi h_vµ ‡g 38.2% I 41.6%| 19.4% DËi`vZv †cŠi Ki msMÖ‡n †cŠi cÖwZwbwa‡`i f~wgKv m¤ú‡K©Amš‘ó|
G‡¶ ‡Î PvKzixRxwe‡`i g‡a¨35.9%, eëmvqx‡`i g‡a¨43.1% Ges K…wl †ckvi m‡½ RwoZ 61.2% DËi`vZv mš‘wó cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb| ‡cŠi Ki msMÖ‡n me‡P‡q fv‡jv f~wgKv cvjb
I ¯^”QZvi cwiPh w`‡q‡Q †g‡nicyi †cŠimfv (Amš‘wói nvi 2.5%)| Gev̈cv‡i me‡P‡q wcwQ‡q Av‡Q jvjgwbinvU †cŠimfv (Amš‘wói nvi 39.6%)|

3.12 cÖkvm‡bi Revew`wnZv

‡cŠi cÖkvm‡bi Revew`wnZvi †¶ ‡Î Amš‘wói nvi 50.3%| G‡¶ ‡Î †gvUvgywU mš‘wó I cy‡ivcywi Amš‘wói nvi h_vµ ‡g 35.7% I 12.2%| †cŠi cÖkvm‡bi Revew`wnZvi †¶ ‡Î
54% DËi`vZv mš‘ó bb| G‡¶ ‡Î cÖv_wgK I gvaẅgK wk¶ vq wkw¶ Z‡`i g‡a¨Ges D”P gvav̈wgK chv©‡qi wkw¶ Z‡`i g‡a¨GB nvi h_vµ ‡g 41.8% I 47.0% Ges 54.4%|
cÖv_wgK †_‡K D”P wk¶ v ch©šZ †gvU DËi`vZv‡`i g‡a¨GB nvi 47.7%|

5
3.13 bvix Dbœqb I ¶ gZvqb
‡gvU 2920 Rb DËi`vZvi g‡a¨45.9% bvix‡`i Dbœq‡b we‡kl D‡`v̈M MÖn‡bi †¶ ‡Î †cŠimfvi f~wgKv m¤ú‡K©mš‘ó bb| G‡¶ ‡Î †gvUvgywU mš‘ó I cy‡ivcywi mš‘óDËi`vZvi nvi
h_vµ ‡g 41.0% I 12.0%| †gvU 827 Rb bvix DËi`vZvi g‡a¨Gev̈cv‡i Amš‘wói nvi 50.2%|

3.14 cvwK©se믒v
G wel‡q †gvU 2920 Rb DËi`vZvi g‡a¨50.9% DËi`vZvB Amš‘ó| Gev̈cv‡i cy‡ivcywi mš‘ó I †gvUvgywU mš‘wói nvi h_vµ ‡g 14.4% I 34.2%| D”P gvaẅgK I D”Pwk¶ vq
wkw¶ Z DËi`vZv‡`i Amš‘wói nvi h_vµ ‡g 57.5% I 54.6%| G‡¶ ‡Î kªwg‡Ki Amš‘wói nvi 52.9%|

3.15 mgvR‡mevg~jK KvR

mgvR‡mevg~jK Kv‡R †cŠimfvi f~wgKvq 58.9% DËi`vZv mš‘ó bb| G ev̈cv‡i †gvUvgywU mš‘ó I cy‡ivcywi mš‘wói nvi h_vµ ‡g 27.8% I 12.6%| Gev̈cv‡i me‡P‡q fv‡jv
Ae¯’v‡b Av‡Q mybvgMÄ †cŠimfv (Amš‘wói nvi 29.6%) Ges me‡P‡q Lvivc Ae¯’v‡b Av‡Q bovBj †cŠimfv (Amš‘wói nvi 80.6%)|

Dcmsnv‡i GK_v ejv hvq †h, GB Rwi‡c †cŠi ‡mev¸ ‡jv m¤ú‡K©†cŠievwmi gZvgZ cÖwZdwjZ n‡q‡Q, †hLv‡b GKKfv‡e Amš‘wói gvÎvB †ekx| Amš‘wói GB gvÎv ¯^vfvweKfv‡eB
†cŠimfv †f‡` Ges †mev †f‡` wfbœn‡q‡Q| GLv‡b e‡j ivLv fv‡jv †h, ‡cŠi wbe©vP‡bi cÖv° v‡j myR‡bi GB Rwic djvdj BwOMZagx©(indicative)| UªvÝcv‡iwÝ B›Uvibv̈kbvj-
evsjv‡`k, 2003 mv‡j G ai‡bi GKwU Rwi‡ci Av‡qvRb K‡i| cÖvß djvd‡j †`Lv hvq †h, AwaKvsk bvMwiK †cŠi †mev cÖvwßi ev̈cv‡i †gv‡UB mš‘óbb| 2000 mv‡j wek¦e v̈sK,
‡emiKvwi Dbœqb ms¯’vcÖwkKv, mv‡f©GÛ wimvP©†m›Uv‡ii ‡hŠ_fv‡e cwiPvwjZ Rwi‡cI (PviwU wmwU Ki‡cv‡ik‡b cwiPvwjZ nq) cÖvq GKB ai‡bi djvdj cvIqv qvq| †mLv‡b mš‘wói
gvÎv Av‡iv Kg| ¯^í bgybv (sampling) msLv̈, bgybvq‡bi ΓwU, Rwic ΓwU cÖfw„Z Kvi‡b Avgv‡`i cwiPvwjZ Rwi‡ci djvdj wKQyUv BwZevPK| hv‡nvK, GB Rwi‡ci D‡Ïk¨wQj
cªvß djvd‡ji gva¨‡g ‡mev m¤ú‡K©cÖv_wgK aviYv †`qv Ges Gi gva¨‡g cÖvc¨myweav¸ ‡jv m¤ú‡K©Zv‡`i‡Av‡iv m‡PZb Kiv Ges †mev cÖvwßi †¶ ‡Î †cŠievwm‡`i Av‡iv D‡`v̈Mx K‡i
†Zvjv|

6
we¯ZvwiZ wi‡cvU©

7
1. f~wgKv
‡cŠimfv ¯’vbxq miKv‡ii AvIZvf~³ kni ev bMi ch©v‡qi GKwU cÖwZô vb| †cŠi GjvKvi bvMwiK‡`i Rxeb‡K ¯^v”Q›`gq Kivi Rb¨wbw`©ó wKQy †mev cÖ`v‡bi wbwg‡ËB †cŠimfvi
m„wó| †QvU eo wgwj‡q evsjv‡`‡k †cŠimfvi msLv̈ 254| 1991 mv‡ji Av`gï gvix Abyhvqx mKj †cŠimfvB bM‡ii Aš—f©~³ | bMi RbmsLv̈i cÖvq A‡a©K, G mKj †cŠimfvq evm
K‡i| `ª“Z bMivq‡bi Pvc, wbR¯^ A_©vq‡bi Afve Ges ¯^í Zv, `~bx©wZ, AwZwi³ †jvKej, †bZ„‡Z¡i `~e©jZv Z_v GKwU mywbw`©ó cwiKí bvi Afv‡e bMi chv©‡qi GB ¯’vbxq miKviwU
µ ‡gB aŸs‡mi w`‡K GwM‡q hv‡”Q| ¯^vfvweKfv‡eB bMi KZ©„c¶ ¸ ‡jv Zv‡`i Dci Awc©Z `vwqZ¡mwVKfv‡e cvjb Ki‡Z cvi‡Q bv| GiB gv‡S AvMvgx ‡g gv‡mi 5 †_‡K 10 ZvwiL
ch©šZ †`‡ki 119wU †cŠimfvq wbev©Pb Abywô Z n‡Z hv‡”Q| †`kev̈cx GB wbe©vP‡bi cÖv° v‡j †cŠimfv¸ ‡jvi †`q bvMwiK †mev¸ ‡jv m¤ú‡K©bvMwiK gZvgZ Rvb‡Z Ômykvm‡bi Rb¨
bvMwiKÕ-myRb MZ 15 †deª“qvix †_‡K 10 gvP©2004 ch©šZ ‡`‡ki †gvU 8wU †cŠimfvq GKwU RwicKvh©cwiPvjbvi KvR nv‡Z wb‡qwQj| cvkvcvwk D‡Ïk¨wQ‡jv bvMwiKMY‡K
Zv‡`i cÖvc¨†mev m¤ú‡K©Av‡iv AeMZ I m‡PZb Kiv|

mykvm‡bi Rb¨bvMwiK (myRb) GB KvRwU cwiPvjbv K‡i mswk-ó †cŠievwmi Acvi mn‡hvwMZvq| myRb GKwU bvMwiK D‡`v̈M, hvi j¶ ¨n‡”Q †`‡k mykvmb cÖwZô vi Rb¨GW‡fv‡Kmx
Kiv, †`‡ki gvbyl‡K DÏxß Kiv GKwU myô z I my¯’mgvR e믒vwewbgv©‡b| GK`j wPšZvkxj, cÖMwZkxj Ges †`ke‡iY¨gvbyl GB myRb-Gi KvR‡K GwM‡q wb‡”Qb, Gi †PZbv Qwo‡q
w`‡”Qb †`‡ki mKj cÖv‡šZ| cÖvK wbev©Pbx wewfbœcÖKvi Rwic I G¸ ‡jvi cÖKvkbvi gva¨‡g myRb †`kevmx‡K DØy× Ki‡Z Pvq, †mBme gvbyl¸ ‡jv‡K wbev©wPZ Ki‡Z hviv n‡eb
mwZ¨Kvi A‡_©mr, †hvM¨Ges †`‡ki Rb¨wb‡ew`Z cÖvY; hviv mwZ¨Kvi A‡_©B D‡`v̈Mx n‡eb †`‡k mykvmb cÖwZô vq|

2. M‡elYvi D‡Ïk¨
GB Rwi‡ci g~j D‡Ïk¨wQj ‡cŠimfvi †`q ‡mev m¤ú‡K©bvMwiK‡`i gZvgZ Rvbv| Avi GB wi‡cv‡U©i j¶ ¨n‡”Q bvMwiK gZvgZ Rvwb‡q mevB‡K Zv‡`i bvMwiK AwaKvi m¤ú‡K©
AeMZ Kiv, Zv‡`i‡K G wel‡q m‡PZb Kiv, hv †cŠimfvi mvwe©K Dbœq‡b f~wgKv ivL‡e|

3. M‡elYvi mxgve×Zv
GB M‡elYvwUi wbw`©ówKQy mxgve×Zv wQj, hv wbgœiƒc-
K. myR‡bi Rwic cwiPvjbvi D‡Ïk¨wQj indicative GKwU wi‡cvU©cÖ¯Z‘ Kiv Ges †cŠi †mev m¤ú‡K©bvMwiK fvebvi GKUv cªv_wgK aviYv jvf Kiv| Rwic cwiPvjbv
Ges wi‡cvU©‰Zwi `ywU KvRB Kiv n‡q‡Q Awek¦vm¨`ª“ZZvi g‡a¨| †mKvi‡b djvd‡j mwVK wPÎ bvI D‡V Avm‡Z cv‡i|
L. M‡elYvi Rb¨cwiPvwjZ Rwi‡ci cÖkgœvjv wQj c‘lose ended’| ZvB gZvg‡Zi ev̈cv‡i mywbw`©óKiY N‡Uwb|
M. bgybvq‡bi ΓwUi Kvi‡b Rwic djvdj bvMwiK fvebvi c~Y©cÖwZdj‡bi `vwe K‡i bv|
N. bgybv msLv̈ Kg nIqvi Kvi‡b djvd‡j mvwe©K wPÎ D‡V Av‡mwb| GUv myRb cwiPvwjZ M‡elYvi GKwU `~e©jZv|

4. M‡elYvi AvIZvf~³ GjvKvmg~n

mviv †`‡ki ‡gvU 8wU †cŠimfvq GB M‡elYv Pvjv‡bv n‡q‡Q| †cŠimfv¸ ‡jv n‡jv-MvBevÜ v, jvjgwbinvU, dwi`cyi, bovBj, †g‡nicyi, cUzqvLvjx, †bvqvLvjx I mybvgMÄ |

5. M‡elYvi c×wZ
M‡elYv m¤úbœI wi‡cvU©cÖ¯Zz‡Zi †¶ ‡Î wb‡gœi c×wZ¸ ‡jv eëü Z n‡q‡Q-

5.1 cÖkgœvjv ˆZix

‡cŠimfvi †`q ‡mev ev myweav¸ ‡jvi aib we‡ePbv K‡i GKwU cÖkgœvjv ˆZwi Kiv n‡qwQj| †mev¸ ‡jv‡K †gvU 12wU fv‡M wef³ K‡i gvV ch©v‡q Z_¨msMÖ‡ni Rb¨wba©viY Kiv nq|

5.2 DËi`vZv wbe©vPb

DËi`vZv wbe©vP‡bi †¶ ‡Î bvix-cyi“l, wkw¶ Z-Awkw¶ Z, abx-`wi`ªGes wewfbœ†ckvRxex‡`i (K…lK, kªwgK, eëmvqx, PvKzixRxwe, wk¶ K, Wv³ vi, AvBbRxwe, cÖ‡KŠkjx, DbœqbKg©x
BZv̈w`) me©¯Z‡ii cÖwZwbwa ivLv n‡q‡Q|

8
5.3 Rwic c×wZ wba©viY I Z_¨msMn
mij ˆ`ePqb (Random Sampling) c×wZ‡Z DËi`vZv evQvB K‡i Zv‡`i evox evox wM‡q cÖkgœvjvi wfwˇZ Z_¨msMÖn Kiv nq| Z_¨msMÖ‡ni †¶ ‡Î mswk-ó †cŠimfv¸ ‡jvi mKj
IqvW©‡K M‡elYvi AvIZvq Avbvi GKUv †Póv wQj| 72wU Iqv‡W©i g‡a¨69wU Iqv‡W©Rixc m¤úbœn‡q‡Q|

5.4 Z_¨we‡k-lY I wi‡cvU©ˆZwi

msM„nxZ Z_¨GmwcGmGm (Statistical Pakage for Social Studies)-Gi gva¨‡g we‡k-lY K‡i GB wi‡cvU©ˆZwi Kiv n‡q‡Q| wi‡cv‡U©me ai‡bi cÖ‡qvRbxq welq¸ ‡jv
AšZf©~³ Kiv n‡q‡Q|

6. Rwic Z_¨
µ wgK bs ‡cŠimfvi bvg RwicK…Z Iqv‡W©i msLv̈ DËi`vZvi msLv̈
1 MvBevÜ v 9 372
2 jvjgwbinvU 9 445
3 dwi`cyi 9 321
4 bovBj 7 232
5 ‡g‡nicyi 9 476
6 cUzqvLvjx 9 372
7 ‡bvqvLvjx 9 242
8 mybvgMÄ 8 460
‡gvU 69 2920

7. DËi`vZv‡`i Z_¨

7.1 DËi`vZv‡`i ‰jw½K cwiPq:

‡gvU 2920 Rb DËi`vZvi g‡a¨wQ‡jb 2093 Rb cyi“l I 827 Rb bvix| G msµ všZ †cŠimfv wfwËK Z_¨wb‡gœ†`qv n‡jv-

µ wgK bs ‡cŠimfvi bvg DËi`vZvi ‰jw½K cwiPq

cyi“l gwnjv
msLv̈ % msLv̈ %
1 MvBevÜ v 294 79.0 78 21.0
2 jvjgwbinvU 275 61.8 170 38.2
3 dwi`cyi 201 62.6 120 37.4
4 bovBj 207 89.2 25 10.8
5 ‡g‡nicyi 318 66.8 158 33.2
6 cUzqvLvjx 298 80.1 74 19.9
7 ‡bvqvLvjx 204 83.9 38 15.7
8 mybvgMÄ 296 71.6 164 35.7
‡gvU 2093 71.6 827 28.4

9
 wj½ wfwËK DËi`vZv

28.40%

cyi“l
gwnjv

71.60%

7.2 DËi`vZv‡`i wk¶ vMZ †hvMZ̈v:

‡gvU 2920 Rb DËi`vZvi g‡a¨4.7% wbi¶ i, 14.2% cÖv_wgK wk¶ vq , 29.3% gvaẅgK wk¶ vq, 17.9% D”P gvaẅgK wk¶ vq Ges 34.0% mœvZK ev mœvZ‡KvËi wk¶ vq
wkw¶ Z| G msµ všZ †cŠimfv wfwËK Z_¨wb‡gœ†`qv n‡jv-
µ wgK bs ‡cŠimfvi bvg DËi`vZv‡`i wk¶ vMZ †hvMZ̈v ‡gvU
wbi¶ i cÖv_wgK gvaẅgK D”PgvaẅgK mœvZK/
mœvZ‡KvËi

msLv̈ % msLv̈ % msLv̈ % msLv̈ % msLv̈ %

1 MvBevÜ v 7 1.9 6 1.6 81 21.8 125 33.6 153 41.1 372
2 jvjgwbinvU 10 2.2 98 22.0 130 29.2 61 13.7 146 32.8 445
3 dwi`cyi 27 8.4 88 27.4 67 20.9 30 9.3 109 34.0 321
4 bovBj 28 12.1 2 0.9 38 29.3 56 24.1 78 33.6 232
5 ‡g‡nicyi 42 8.8 136 28.6 130 27.6 45 9.5 123 25.8 476
6 cUzqvLvjx 3 0.8 29 7.8 137 36.8 75 20.2 128 34.4 372
7 ‡bvqvLvjx 11 4.5 - - 67 27.7 53 21.9 111 45.9 242
8 mybvgMÄ 20 4.3 65 14.1 154 33.5 77 16.7 14 31.3 460
‡gvU 137 4.7 414 14.2 855 29.3 522 17.9 992 34.0 2920

7.3 DËi`vZv‡`i ‡ckv:

‡gvU 2920 Rb DËi`vZvi g‡a¨23.0% PvKzix (Dbœqb Kgx©, miKvwi-‡emiKvwi PvKzixRxwe, wk¶ K, AvBbRxwe, mvsevw`K, †eKvi, cÖ‡KŠkjx cÖfw„Z), 30.4% eëmv, 3.4%
K…wl, 3.6% kªwgK, 18.5% M„nKg©,16.1% QvÎ Ges 4.5% Abv̈b¨†ckvq RwoZ| G msµ všZ †cŠimfv wfwËK Z_¨wb‡gœ†`qv n‡jv-

10
 DËi`vZv‡`i †ckv

4.50% 3.60%
K…lK
19%
23.00% M„nKg©
eëmv
kªwgK
QvÎ/QvÎx
0.70%
‡eKvi
PvKzix
16.10% 30.40% Abv̈b¨

3.60%

11
DËi`vZv‡`i ‡ckv:
µ wgK bs ‡cŠimfvi bvg DËi`vZv‡`i ‡ckv

K…lK PvKzix eëmv kªwgK M„nKg© QvÎ/QvÎx †eKvi Abv̈b¨ ‡gvU

msL¨v

msL¨v

msL¨v

msL¨v

msL¨v

msL¨v

msL¨v

msL¨v
%

%
1 MvBevÜ v 11 0.3 79 21.2 90 24.2 1 0.3 26 7.0 135 36.3 2 0.5 28 7.5 372
2 jvjgwbinvU 30 2.0 132 29.7 105 23.6 9 2.0 127 28.5 30 6.7 3 0.7 9 2.0 445
3 dwi`cyi - 5.6 87 27.1 84 26.1 18 5.6 79 24.6 25 7.8 1 0.3 27 8.4 321
4 bovBj 12 10.3 63 27.2 80 34.5 24 10.3 13 5.6 26 11.2 - - 14 6.0 232
5 ‡g‡nicyi 36 6.7 58 12.2 181 38.0 32 6.7 108 22.7 34 7.1 6 1.3 21 4.4 476
6 cUzqvLvjx 3 5.4 99 26.6 141 37.9 20 5.4 52 14.0 47 12.7 3 0.8 7 1.9 372
7 ‡bvqvLvjx 6 - 63 26.0 63 26.0 - - 18 7.4 87 36.0 2 0.8 3 1.2 242
8 mybvgMÄ - - 91 19.8 143 31.1 - - 116 25.2 87 18.9 2 0.4 21 4.6 460
‡gvU 98 3.6 672 23.0 887 30.4 104 3.6 539 18.5 471 16.1 19 0.7 130 4.5 2920

7.4 DËi`vZv‡`i eqm:

‡gvU 2920 Rb DËi`vZvi g‡a¨49.7% Gi eqm 18-30, 35.0% Gi eqm 31-45, 10.3% Gi eqm 46-57 Ges 5.00% 58 eq‡mi D‡×©| 18 eQ‡ii Kgeqmx †Kvb eẅ³ ‡K DËi`vZv wnmv‡e wbe©vPb Kiv nqwb| G msµ všZ †cŠimfvwfwËK Z_¨wb‡P
†`qv n‡jv-

12
DËi`vZv‡`i eqm:
µ wgK bs ‡cŠimfvi bvg DËi`vZv‡`i eqm †kªbx ‡gvU
18-30 31-45 46-57 58+

msLv̈ % msLv̈ % msLv̈ % msLv̈ %

1 MvBevÜ v 227 61.0 104 28.0 22 5.9 19 5.1 372
2 jvjgwbinvU 209 47.0 165 37.1 50 11.2 21 4.7 445
3 dwi`cyi 125 38.9 130 40.5 50 15.6 16 5.0 321
4 bovBj 114 49.1 78 33.6 26 11.2 16 6.0 232
5 ‡g‡nicyi 198 41.6 192 40.3 55 11.6 31 6.5 476
6 cUzqvLvjx 161 43.3 158 42.5 33 8.9 20 5.4 372
7 ‡bvqvLvjx 148 61.2 60 24.8 23 9.5 11 4.5 242
8 mybvgMÄ 270 58.7 135 29.3 41 8.9 14 3.0 460
‡gvU 1452 49.7 1022 35.0 300 10.3 146 5.0 2920

DËi`vZv‡`i eqm

5%
10.30%
18-30
31-45
46-57
49.70%
58+

35%

13
8. ‡mevmg~‡ni Z_¨
cÖkcœ‡Î D‡j-wLZ wba©vwiZ cÖ‡kœi wfwˇZ DËi`vZv‡`i wbKU †_‡K †cŠimfvi ‡mev m¤úwK©Z †h mKj Z_¨†ewi‡q G‡m‡Q Zv †mevi aib Abyhvqx mvwe©Kfv‡e wb‡gœDc¯’vwcZ n‡jv-

µ wgK ‡mevi aib/†¶ Î mš‘ó ‡gvUvgywU mš‘ó Amš‘ó DËi`v‡b weiZ cª‡hvR¨bq
msLv̈ % msLv̈ % msLv̈ % msLv̈ % msLv̈ %
1. †cŠimfvi iv¯Zv wbg©vb, †givgZ I msi¶ Y
K. †cŠi GjvKvi bZzb iv¯Zv-NvU wbgv©b 754 25.8 1196 41.0 958 32.8 11 0.4 1 .0
L. †cŠi GjvKvi bZzb iv¯Zv-Nv‡Ui eZ©gvb Ae¯’v 473 16.2 1182 40.5 1255 43.0 10 0.3 - -
M. †cŠi GjvKvq iv‡Z PjvP‡ji Rb¨iv¯Zvq Av‡jvi e믒v 713 224.4 1013 34.7 1175 40.2 18 0.6 1 .0
2. †cŠi GjvKvi cwi®‹vi cwi”QbœZv
K. †cŠimfvi iv¯Zv-NvU I nvU-evRvi cwi®‹vi cwi”QbœZv 539 18.5 1322 45.3 1045 35.8 14 0.5 - -
L. †cŠi GjvKvi gqjv AveR©bv AcmviY 466 16.0 1131 38.7 1304 44.7 17 0.6 2 0.1
M. †cŠimfvi †Wª‡bR I cqte믒vcbv 371 12.7 644 22.1 1879 64.3 21 0.7 5 0.2
3. †cŠi GjvKvq wbivc` cvwb mieivn 754 25.8 1031 35.3 994 34.0 140 4.8 1 .0
4. †cŠi GjvKvi bvMwiK‡`i wPwKrmv e믒vwbwð ZKiY 533 18.3 1022 35.0 1348 46.2 17 0.6 - -
5. †cŠi GjvKvq cÖv_wgK wk¶ v e믒vDbœqb/ wbwð ZKiY 584 20.0 1441 49.3 880 30.1 15 0.5 - -
6. †cŠi GjvKvi cwi‡ek msi¶ Y 535 18.3 1269 43.5 1088 37.3 18 1.0 - -
7. †cŠimfvi bvMwiK‡`i Rb¨mb`cÎ 1386 47.5 1064 36.4 447 15.3 22 0.8 1 .0
8. †cŠimfvi Ki msMÖ‡n ¯^”QZv 1215 41.6 1116 38.2 566 19.4 23 0.8 - -
9. †cŠimfvi cÖkvm‡bi Revew`wnZv 357 12.2 1041 35.7 1470 50.3 51 1.7 1 .0
10. †cŠi GjvKvq bvix Dbœqb I ¶ gZvqb 351 12.0 1197 41.0 1340 45.9 30 1.0 2 0.1
11. †cŠi GjvKvq cvwK©se믒v 420 14.4 1000 34.2 1486 50.9 12 0.4 2 0.1
12. †cŠi GjvKvq mgvR‡mevg~jK KvR 367 12.6 813 27.8 1721 58.9 18 0.6 1 .0

14
8.1 ‡cŠimfv¸ ‡jv‡Z ‡mev wfwËK Amš‘wói wPÎ
‡cŠi KZ©„c‡¶ i †`q †mev¸ ‡jvi †¶ ‡Î †mev ‡f‡` †cŠievwmi mš‘wó Amš‘wói wfbœZv †`Lv †M‡Q| GK †cŠimfv †_‡K Ab¨†c ŠimfvqI GB wfbœZv j¶ ¨Kiv qvq| wb‡Pi MÖvd¸ ‡jv‡Z
†cŠimfvq ‡mev wfwËK Amš‘wói wPÎ Zz‡j aiv n‡jv-

8.1.1 dwi`cyi †cŠimfv

dwi`cyi †cŠimfvi DËi`vZviv ‡Wª‡bR I cqte믒vcbvq me‡P‡q †ekx Amš‘wó cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb| Amš‘wói nvi cÖvq 71%| me‡P‡q Kg Amš‘wó cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q †cŠimfv † _‡K wewfbœ
ai‡bi mb`cÎ cÖvw߇Z| DËi`vZv‡`i gvÎ 12.77% G‡¶ ‡Î Amš‘ó| gqjv AveR©bv Acmvi‡bi †¶ ‡Î cÖvq 51% DËi`vZv Amš‘ó| cÖv_wgK wk¶ v Dbœqb I wbwð ZK‡iYi †¶ ‡Î
cÖvq 37% DËi`vZv Amš‘wó cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb| bvix Dbœqb I ¶ gZvq‡bi Kv‡R Amš‘wói nvi cÖvq 54%|

dwi`cyi †cŠimfvq †mev wfwËK Amš‘wói nvi

†Wª‡bR I cqte믒vcbv
mgvR‡mevg~jK KvR
80 ‡cŠi cÖkvm‡bi Revew`wnZv
wPwKrmv e믒v
70 bvix Dbœqb I ¶ gZvqb
60 gqjv AveR©bv Acmvib
cwi‡ek msi¶ Y
50
iv¯Zv-Nv‡Ui eZ©gvb Ae¯’v
Amš‘wói nvi

40 cvwK©se믒v
30 iv¯Zv-NvU I nvU-evRvi cwi®‹vi cwi”QbœZv
iv‡Z PjvP‡ji Rb¨iv¯Zvq Av‡jvi e믒v
20 wbivc` cvwb mieivn
10 cÖv_wgK wk¶ v e믒vDbœqb/ wbwð ZKiY
0 bZzb iv¯Zv-NvU wbgv©b
Ki msMÖ‡n ¯^”QZv
‡mev bvMwiK‡`i Rb¨mb`cÎ

8.1.2 MvBevÜ v †cŠimfv

dwi`cy‡ii gZ MvBevÜ v †cŠimfviI ‡ekxifvM DËi`vZv (cÖvq 65%) †Wª‡bR I cqte믒vcbvq Amš‘ó| me‡P‡q Kg Amš‘wó cÖKvk ‡c‡q‡Q wewfbœai‡bi mb`cÎ cÖvw߇Z| Amš‘wói
nvi cÖvq 22%| Amš‘wói ‡¶ ‡Î wØZxq Ae¯’v‡b Av‡Q wPwKrmv e믒vmsµ vš Z wewfbœai‡bi myweav| Amš‘wói nvi cÖvq 62%| iv¯ZvÑ Nv‡Ui eZ©gvb Ae¯’vq cÖvq 54% DËi`vZv
Amš‘ó|

15
 MvBevÜ v †cŠimfvq †mev wfwËK Amš‘wói nvi
†Wª‡bR I cqte믒vcbv
wPwKrmv e믒v
70 ‡cŠi cÖkvm‡bi Revew`wnZv
cvwK©se믒v
60 mgvR‡mevg~jK KvR
50 iv¯Zv-Nv‡Ui eZ©gvb Ae¯’v
cwi‡ek msi¶ Y
40 bvix Dbœqb I ¶ gZvqb
Amš‘wói nvi

iv‡Z PjvP‡ji Rb¨iv¯Zvq Av‡jvi e믒v

30 iv¯Zv-NvU I nvU-evRvi cwi®‹vi cwi”QbœZv
20 bZzb iv¯Zv-NvU wbgv©b
cÖv_wgK wk¶ v e믒vDbœqb/ wbwð ZKiY
10 gqjv AveR©bv Acmvib
0 wbivc` cvwb mieivn
Ki msMÖ‡n ¯^”QZv
‡mev bvMwiK‡`i Rb¨mb`cÎ

8.1.3 ‡bvqvLvjx †cŠimfv

‡bvqvLvjx †cŠievwm me‡P‡q †ekx Amš‘ó †Wª‡bR I cqte믒vcbvq| G‡¶ ‡Î Amš‘wói nvi cÖvq 73%| wØZxq Ae¯’v‡b Av‡Q wb ivc` cvwb mieiv‡n; Amš‘wói nvi cÖvq 66%| me‡P‡q
Kg Amš‘wó (cÖvq 23%) cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q Ki msMÖ‡ni †¶ ‡Î|

‡bvqvLvjx †cŠimfvq †mev wfwËK Amš‘wói nvi

†Wª‡bR I cqte믒vcbv
wbivc` cvwb mieivn
80 ‡cŠi cÖkvm‡bi Revew`wnZv
gqjv AveR©bv Acmvib
70 mgvR‡mevg~jK KvR
60 iv¯Zv-NvU I nvU-evRvi cwi®‹vi cwi”QbœZv
50 iv¯Zv-Nv‡Ui eZ©gvb Ae¯’v
iv‡Z PjvP‡ji Rb¨iv¯Zvq Av‡jvi e믒v
Amš‘wói nvi

40 cwi‡ek msi¶ Y
30 wPwKrmv e믒v
bZzb iv¯Zv-NvU wbgv©b
20 bvix Dbœqb I ¶ gZvqb
10 cvwK©se믒v
bvMwiK‡`i Rb¨mb`cÎ
0
cÖv_wgK wk¶ v e믒vDbœqb/ wbwðZKiY
‡mev Ki msMÖ‡n ¯^”QZv

8.1.4 bovBj †cŠimfv

‡mev m¤ú‡K©mš‘wó-Amš‘wó cÖKv‡ki †¶ ‡Î bovBj †cŠievwmi cÖvq 82% iv¯Zv -Nv‡Ui eZ©gvb Ae¯’vq †gv‡UB mš‘ó bb| cÖv q 77% DËi`vZv e‡j‡Qb †h, Zviv †Wª‡bR I
cqte믒vcbvq mš‘óbb| bvMwiK‡`i me‡P‡q Kg Amš‘wó cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q wewfbœai‡bi mb`cÎ cÖvwßi †¶ ‡Î; Amš‘wói nvi gvÎ cÖvq 8%|
16
 bovBj †cŠimfvq ‡mev wfwËK Amš‘wói nvi
iv¯Zv-Nv‡Ui eZ©gvb Ae¯’v
mgvR‡mevg~jK KvR
iv‡Z PjvP‡ji Rb¨iv¯Zvq Av‡jvi e믒v
90 †Wª‡bR I cqte믒vcbv
80 ‡cŠi cÖkvm‡bi Revew`wnZv
70 bZzb iv¯Zv-NvU wbgv©b
60 wPwKrmv e믒v
gqjv AveR©bv Acmvib
Amš‘wói nvi

50
iv¯Zv-NvU I nvU-evRvi cwi®‹vi cwi”QbœZv
40 bvix Dbœqb I ¶ gZvqb
30 cvwK©se믒v
20 cwi‡ek msi¶ Y
10 wbivc` cvwb mieivn
cÖv_wgK wk¶ v e믒vDbœqb/ wbwð ZKiY
0
Ki msMÖ‡n ¯^”QZv
‡mev bvMwiK‡`i Rb¨mb`cÎ

8.1.5 cUzqvLvjx †cŠimfv

‡Wª‡bR I cqte믒vcbvq cUzqvLvjx †cŠimfvi cÖvq 70% DËi`vZv Amš‘ó| Amš‘wói gvÎvi w`K w`‡q GwU m‡e©v”P| wØZxq Ae¯’v‡b Av‡Q cvwK©se믒v| G‡Z Amš‘wói nvi cÖvq
60%| cÖv_wgK wk¶ v Dbœqb I wbwð ZKi‡Yi †¶ ‡Î Amš‘wói nvi cÖvq 11%| iv‡Z PjvP‡ji Rb¨iv¯Zvq Av‡jvi e믒vi †¶ ‡Î cÖvq 42% DËi`vZv Amš‘wó cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb|

cUzqvLvjx †cŠimfvq †mev wfwËK Amš‘wói nvi

†Wª‡bR I cqte믒vcbv
cvwK©se믒v
80 mgvR‡mevg~jK KvR
‡cŠi cÖkvm‡bi Revew`wnZv
70 iv‡Z PjvP‡ji Rb¨iv¯Zvq Av‡jvi e믒v
60 iv¯Zv-Nv‡Ui eZ©gvb Ae¯’v
50 wbivc` cvwb mieivn
wPwKrmv e믒v
Amš‘wói nvi

40 gqjv AveR©bv Acmvib

30 bZzb iv¯Zv-NvU wbgv©b
bvix Dbœqb I ¶ gZvqb
20
iv¯Zv-NvU I nvU-evRvi cwi®‹vi cwi”QbœZv
10 cwi‡ek msi¶ Y
0 cÖv_wgK wk¶ v e믒vDbœqb/ wbwð ZKiY
Ki msMÖ‡n ¯^”QZv
‡mev bvMwiK‡`i Rb¨mb`cÎ

8.1.6 ‡g‡nicyi †cŠimfv

‡g‡nicyi †cŠimfvi DËi`vZviv mgvR‡mevg~jK Kv‡R ‡cŠimfvi f~wgKvq me‡P‡q †ekx Amš‘ó| GB Amš‘wói nvi cÖvq 62%| Gi ciB i‡q‡Q †Wª‡bR I cqte믒vcbv| †Wª‡bR I
cqte믒vcbvq DËi`vZv‡`i cÖvq 53% Amš‘ó| DËi`vZv‡`i g‡Z †cŠimfv me‡P‡q †ekx ¯^”Q Ki msMÖ‡n| G‡¶ ‡Î Amš‘wói nvi gvÎ 2.5%|

17
 ‡g‡nicyi †cŠimfvq †mev wfwËK Amš‘wói nvi
mgvR‡mevg~jK KvR
†Wª‡bR I cqte믒vcbv
70 bvix Dbœqb I ¶ gZvqb
cvwK©se믒v
60 wPwKrmv e믒v
gqjv AveR©bv Acmvib
50
cÖv_wgK wk¶ v e믒vDbœqb/ wbwð ZKiY
40 ‡cŠi cÖkvm‡bi Revew`wnZv
Amš‘wói nvi

wbivc` cvwb mieivn

30 cwi‡ek msi¶ Y
20 iv¯Zv-Nv‡Ui eZ©gvb Ae¯’v
bvMwiK‡`i Rb¨mb`cÎ
10 iv‡Z PjvP‡ji Rb¨iv¯Zvq Av‡jvi e믒v
0 iv¯Zv-NvU I nvU-evRvi cwi®‹vi cwi”QbœZv
bZzb iv¯Zv-NvU wbgv©b
‡mev Ki msMÖ‡n ¯^”QZv

8.1.7 jvjgwbinvU †cŠimfv

jvjgwbinv‡Ui DËi`vZviv me‡P‡q Amš‘ócvwK©se믒vq †cŠimfvq f~wgKvq; Amš‘wói nvi cÖvq 83%| †Wª‡bR I cqte믒vcbvq Amš‘wói nvi cÖvq 78%| iv ¯Zvq iv‡Z PjvP‡ji
Rb¨Av‡jvi e믒vcbvq mš‘óbb cÖvq 51% DËi`vZv| bZzb iv¯Zv -NvU wbg©v‡bi †¶ ‡Î cÖvq 54% DËi`vZv Amš‘wó cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb|

jvjgwbinvU †cŠimfvq †mev wfwËK Amš‘wói nvi

cvwK©se믒v
†Wª‡bR I cqte믒vcbv
90 bvix Dbœqb I ¶ gZvqb
mgvR‡mevg~jK KvR
80
‡cŠi cÖkvm‡bi Revew`wnZv
70 gqjv AveR©bv Acmvib
60 wPwKrmv e믒v
50 bZzb iv¯Zv-NvU wbgv©b
Aš‘wói nvi

cwi‡ek msi¶ Y
40
iv¯Zv-NvU I nvU-evRvi cwi®‹vi cwi”QbœZv
30 iv¯Zv-Nv‡Ui eZ©gvb Ae¯’v
20 iv‡Z PjvP‡ji Rb¨iv¯Zvq Av‡jvi e믒v
10 cÖv_wgK wk¶ v e믒vDbœqb/ wbwð ZKiY
0 Ki msMÖ‡n ¯^”QZv
wbivc` cvwb mieivn
‡mev
bvMwiK‡`i Rb¨mb`cÎ

8.1.8 mybvgMÄ †cŠimfv

mybvgMÄ †cŠimfvi DËi`vZviv me‡P‡q †ekx Amš‘wó cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb †Wª‡bR I cqteë ¯’vcbvq †cŠimfvi f~wgKvq| G‡¶ ‡Î Amš‘wói nvi cÖvq 42%| iv¯Zv -Nv‡Ui eZ©gvb Ae¯’vq
mš‘óbb cÖvq 33% DËi`vZv| bvix Dbœqb I ¶ gZvq‡bi †¶ ‡Î cªvq 25% DËi`vZv Amš‘wó cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb|

18
 mybvgMÄ †cŠimfvq †mev wfwËK Amš‘wói nvi
†Wª‡bR I cqte믒vcbv
iv¯Zv-Nv‡Ui eZ©gvb Ae¯’v
45 cwi‡ek msi¶ Y
40 cvwK©se믒v
iv¯Zv-NvU I nvU-evRvi cwi®‹vi cwi”QbœZv
35 gqjv AveR©bv Acmvib
30 wPwKrmv e믒v
Amš‘wói nvi

25 mgvR‡mevg~jK KvR
20 iv‡Z PjvP‡ji Rb¨iv¯Zvq Av‡jvi e믒v
‡cŠi cÖkvm‡bi Revew`wnZv
15 wbivc` cvwb mieivn
10 bvix Dbœqb I ¶ gZvqb
5 cÖv_wgK wk¶ v e믒vDbœqb/ wbwð ZKiY
0 bZzb iv¯Zv-NvU wbgv©b
Ki msMÖ‡n ¯^”QZv
‡mev bvMwiK‡`i Rb¨mb`cÎ

8.2 ‡mevwfwËK Amš‘wói mvwe©K wPÎ

wb‡Pi MÖv‡d †cŠimfv¸ ‡jvq †mev wfwËK Amš‘wói GKwU mvwe©K wPÎ Zz‡j aiv n‡q‡Q| G‡Z †`Lv hvq †h, †Wª‡bR I cqte믒vcbvq †cŠievwm me‡P‡q Amš‘ó| c¶ všZ‡i me‡P‡q Kg
Amš‘wó cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q wewfbœai‡bi mb`cÎ cÖvwßi †¶ ‡Î|

‡mev wfwËK Amš‘wói mvwe©K wPÎ

†cŠimfvi †Wª‡bR I cqte믒vcbv
†cŠi GjvKvq mgvR‡mevg~jK KvR
70
†cŠi GjvKvq cvwK©se믒v
60 †cŠimfvi cÖkvm‡bi Revew`wnZv
†cŠi GjvKvi bvMwiK‡`i wPwKrmv e믒vwbwðZKiY
50 †cŠi GjvKvq bvix Dbœqb I ¶ gZvqb
†cŠi GjvKvi gqjv AveR©bv Acmvib
40
Amš‘wói nvi

†cŠi GjvKvi iv¯Zv-Nv‡Ui eZ©gvb Ae¯’v

30 †cŠi GjvKvq iv‡Z PjvP‡ji Rb¨iv¯Zvq Av‡jvi e믒v
†cŠi GjvKvi cwi‡ek msi¶Y
20
†cŠimfvi iv¯Zv-NvU I nvU-evRvi cwi®‹vi cwi”QbœZv
10 †cŠi GjvKvq wbivc` cvwb mieivn
†cŠi GjvKvi bZzb iv¯Zv-NvU wbgv©b
0 †cŠi GjvKvq cÖv_wgK wk¶ v e믒vDbœqb/ wbwðZKiY
‡mev †cŠimfvi Ki msMÖ‡n ¯^”QZv
†cŠimfvi bvMwiK‡`i Rb¨mb`cÎ

8.3 †cŠimfvi iv¯Zv wbg©vb, †givgZ I msi¶ Y

‡gvU wZbwU cÖ‡kœi wfwˇZ †cŠi GjvKvi iv¯Zv wbg©vY, †givgZ I msi¶ ‡Y †cŠimfvi f~wgKv m¤ú‡K©DËi`vZv‡`i mš‘wó Rvb‡Z PvIqv n‡qwQj| cÖvß Z_¨wb‡gœi Aby‡”Q¸ ‡jv‡Z
Av‡jvwPZ n‡jv|

8.3.1 †cŠi GjvKvi bZzb iv¯ZvNvU wbgv©b

‡gvU 2920 Rb DËi`vZvi g‡a¨41% †cŠi GjvKvi bZzb iv¯ZvNvU wbgv©‡bi ev̈cv‡i †gvUvgywU mš‘ó| G ev̈cv‡i Amš‘wói nvi 32.8% n‡jI cy‡ivcywi mšËzwói nvi gvÎ 25.8%|
bZyb iv¯ZvNvU wbg©v‡bi †¶ ‡Î Amš‘óDËi`vZvi †cŠimfv wfwËK Z_¨wb‡gœi MÖv‡d †`Lv‡bv n‡jv -
19
 bZzb iv¯Zv wbgv©‡bi †¶ ‡Î†Rjv wfwËK Amš‘wói gvÎv

60

50

40
Amš‘wói nvi

30

20

10

‡g‡nicyi

‡bvqvLvjx
dwi`cyi

cUzqvLvjx
bovBj
jvjgwbinvU
MvBevÜv

mybvgMÄ
‡Rjv

8.3.2 †cŠi GjvKvi iv¯ZvNv‡Ui eZ©gvb Ae¯’v

†cŠi GjvKvi iv¯ZvNv‡Ui eZ©gvb Ae¯’vq Amš‘wó cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb 43% DËi`vZv| G †¶ ‡Î †gvUvgywU mš‘wói nvi 40.5% n‡jI cy‡ivcywi mš‘óDËi`vZvi nvi gvÎ 16.2%|
‡cŠimfv wfwËK Z_¨we‡k-l‡Y †`Lv hvq †h, G ‡¶ ‡Î bovBj †cŠimfvi (Amš‘wói nvi 82.3%) Ae¯’vLyeB bvRyK| G ‡¶ ‡Î me‡P‡q fv‡jv Ae¯’v‡b Av‡Q ‡g‡nicyi †cŠimfv
(Amš‘wói nvi 6.9%)| iv¯ZvNv‡Ui eZ©gvb Ae¯’vq mš‘óbb Ggb DËi`vZvi †cŠimfv wfwËK nvi wb‡Pi MÖv‡d †`Lv‡bv n‡jv -

iv¯Zv-Nv‡Ui eZ©gvb Ae¯’vi †¶ ‡Î †Rjv wfwËK Amš‘wói gvÎv

90
80
70
60
Amš‘wói nvi

50
40
30
20
10
0
MvBevÜ v jvjgwbinvU dwi`cyi bovBj ‡g‡nicyi cUzqvLvjx ‡bvqvLvjx mybvgMÄ

‡Rjv

8.3.3 †cŠi GjvKvq iv‡Z PjvP‡ji Rb¨iv¯Zvq Av‡j vi e믒v

‡gvU 2920 Rb DËi`vZvi g‡a¨40.2% †cŠi GjvKvq iv‡Z PjvP‡ji Rb¨Av‡jvi e믒vq mš‘óbb| G‡¶ ‡Î 34.7% †gvUvgywU mš‘óI 24.4% cy‡ivcywi Amš‘ó| GB cÖ‡kœi Dˇi
34.8% bvix Zv‡`i Amš‘wói K_v Rvwb‡q‡Qb| bvix‡`i g‡a¨35.4% G ev̈cv‡i †gvUvgywU mš‘wó I 24.8% mš‘ó| Gmsµ všZ †cŠimfvwfwËK Z_¨wb‡Pi MÖv‡d †`Lv‡bv n‡jv -

20
 Av‡jvi e믒vi †¶ ‡Î †Rjv wfwËK Amš‘wói gvÎv

80
70
60
50
Amš‘wói nvi

40
30
20
10
0

‡g‡nicyi

‡bvqvLvjx
cUzqvLvjx
bovBj
jvjgwbinvU

dwi`cyi
MvBevÜv

mybvgMÄ
‡Rjv

8.4 †cŠi GjvKvi cwi®‹vi cwi”QbœZv

‡gvU wZbwU cÖ‡kœi gva¨‡g †cŠi GjvKvi cwi®‹vi cwi”QbœZv wel‡q †cŠimfvi f~wgKv m¤ú‡K©Z_¨msMÖn Kiv n‡q‡Q| wba©vwiZ cÖkmœg~‡ni Av‡jv ‡K msM„nxZ gZvgZ wb‡gœcÖ`Ë n‡jv|

8.4.1 †cŠimfvi iv¯Zv-NvU I nvU-evRvi cwi®‹vi cwi”QbœZv

iv¯Zv-NvU I nvU-evRvi cwi®‹vi cwi”QbœZvi †¶ ‡Î 45.3% DËi`vZv †gvUvgywU mš‘ó| 35.8% DËi`vZv Amš‘ó n‡jI cy‡ivcywi mš‘óDËi`vZvi nvi gvÎ 18.5%| Gmsµ všZ
†cŠimfvwfwËK Z_¨wb‡Pi MÖv‡d †`Lv‡bv n‡jv-
nvU-evRv‡ii cwi¯‹vi-cwi”QbœZvi †¶ ‡Î †Rjv wfwËK Amš‘wói nvi

60
50
40
Amš‘wói nvi

30
20
10
0
‡g‡nicyi

‡bvqvLvjx
cUzqvLvjx
jvjgwbinvU

bovBj
dwi`cyi
MvBevÜv

mybvgMÄ

‡Rjv

8.4.2 †cŠi GjvKvi gqjv AveR©bv Acmvib

21
‡cŠi GjvKvi gqjv AveR©bv Acmvi‡bi †¶ ‡Î 44.7% DËi`vZvB mš‘óbb| 38.7% †gvUvgywU mš‘ón‡jI cy‡ivcywi mš‘wói nvi gvÎ 16%| Gev̈cv‡i me‡P‡q Lvivc Ae¯’vq i‡q‡Q
jvjgwbinvU †cŠimfv (Amš‘wói nvi 66.5%) Ges wKQyUv fv‡jv Ae¯’vq Av‡Q †g‡nicyi †cŠimfv (Amš‘wói nvi 29.6%)| Gmsµ všZ †cŠimfvwfwËK Z_¨wb‡Pi MÖv‡d †`Lv‡bv
n‡jv-

gqjv AveR©bv cwi¯‹viKi‡Yi †¶ ‡Î †cŠimfv wfwËK Amš‘wói nvi

70
60
50
Amš‘wói nvi

40
30
20
10
0

‡g‡nicyi

‡bvqvLvjx
cUzqvLvjx
jvjgwbinvU

dwi`cyi

bovBj
MvBevÜv

mybvgMÄ
‡cŠimfv

8.4.3 †cŠimfvi †Wª‡bR I cqte믒vcbv

‡Wª‡bR I cqte믒vcbvq Amš‘ó DËi`vZvi n vi 34.3%, †gvUvgywU mš‘wói nvi 22.1% Ges cy‡ivcywi mš‘wói nvi gvÎ 12.7%| G‡¶ ‡Î me‡P‡q Lvivc Ae¯’v‡b i‡q‡Q h_vµ ‡g
mybvgMÄ (Amš‘wói nvi 77.8%) I jvjgwbinvU (Amš‘wói nvi 77.8%) †cŠimfv| †cŠimfvwfwËK Amš‘óDËi`vZv‡`i Z_¨wb‡Pi MÖv‡d †`Lv‡bv n‡jv -

‡Wª‡bR I cqte믒vcbvi †¶ ‡Î †cŠimfv wfwËK Amš‘wói nvi

80
70
60
50
Amš‘wói nvi

40
30
20
10
0
‡g‡nicyi

‡bvqvLvjx
cUzqvLvjx
jvjgwbinvU

bovBj
dwi`cyi
MvBevÜv

mybvgMÄ

‡cŠimfv

8.5 †cŠi GjvKvq wbivc` cvwb mieivn

‡cŠi GjvKvi wbivc` cvwb mieivni †¶ ‡Î †gvUvgywU mš‘ó 35.3% DËi`vZv| DËi`vZvi 34.0% mš‘ó bb Avi cy‡ivcywi mš‘ó DËi`vZvi nvi 25.8%| Gev̈cv‡i bvix
DËi`vZv‡`i g‡a¨34.8% mš‘óbb| evKx‡`i g‡a¨†gvUvgywU I cy ‡ivcywi mš‘wói nvi h_vµ ‡g 35.4% I 24.8%| Gmsµ všZ †cŠimfvwfwËK Z_¨wb‡Pi MÖv‡d †`Lv‡bv n‡jv -

22
 wbivc` cvwb mieiv‡ni †¶ ‡Î †Rjv wfwËK Amš‘wói nvi

70
60
50
Amš‘wói nvi 40
30
20
10
0

‡g‡nicyi

‡bvqvLvjx
jvjgwbinvU

bovBj

cUzqvLvjx
dwi`cyi
MvBevÜv

mybvgMÄ
‡Rjv

8.6 †cŠi GjvKvi bvMwiK‡`i wPwKrmv e믒vwbwð ZKiY

‡gvU 2920 Rb DËi`vZvi g‡a¨46.2% ‡cŠi GjvKvi bvMwiK‡`i wPwKrmv e믒vwbwð ZKi‡Y mš‘ó bb| G‡¶ ‡Î †gvUvgywU mš‘ó DËi`vZvi nvi 35.0% n‡jI cy‡ivcywi mš‘ó
DËi`vZvi nvi gvÎ 18.3%| Rwic †_‡K †`Lv hvq bvMwiK‡`i wPwKrmv e믒vwbwð ZKi‡Y me‡P‡q fv‡jv f~wgKv †i‡L‡Q †g‡nicyi †cŠimfv (Amš‘wói nvi 30.3%) Ges me‡P‡q
Lvivc Ae¯’v‡b i‡q‡Q bovBj †cŠimfv (Am š‘wói nvi 63.8%)| Gmsµ všZ †cŠimfv wfwËK Amš‘wói nvi wb‡Pi MÖv‡d †`Lv‡bv n‡jv -

wPwKrmv e믒vi †¶ ‡Î †Rjv wfwËK Amš‘wói nvi

70
60
50
Amš‘w÷i nvi

40
30
20
10
0
‡g‡nicyi

‡bvqvLvjx
cUzqvLvjx
jvjgwbinvU

dwi`cyi

bovBj
MvBevÜv

mybvgMÄ

‡Rjv

8.7 †cŠi GjvKvq cÖv_wgK wk¶ v e믒vDbœqb/ wbwð ZKiY

‡cŠi GjvKvi wk¶ ve믒vDbœq‡b †gvUvgywU mš‘ó49.3% DËi`vZv| G‡¶ ‡Î Amš‘óI cy‡ivcywi mš‘wói nv i h_vµ ‡g 30.1%I 20.00%| Gev̈cv‡i GwM‡q Av‡Q mybvgMÄ †cŠimfv
(Amš‘wói nvi 23.3%) Ges me‡P‡q wcwQ‡q Av‡Q jvjgwbinvU †cŠimfv (mš‘wói nvi 46.7%)| G‡¶ ‡Î †cŠimfvwfwËK cy‡ivcywi Amš‘wói nvi wb‡gœcÖ`Ë n‡jv -

23
 cÖv_wgK wk¶ v e믒vi †¶ ‡Î †cŠimfv wfwËK Amš‘wói nvi

50

40

30
Amš‘wói nvi
20

10

‡g‡nicyi

‡bvqvLvjx
cUzqvLvjx
jvjgwbinvU

bovBj
dwi`cyi
MvBevÜv

mybvgMÄ
‡cŠimfv

8.8 †cŠi GjvKvi cwi‡ek msi¶ Y

‡cŠi GjvKvi cwi‡ek msi¶ ‡Y †cŠimfvi f~wgKv m¤ú‡K©43.5% DËi`vZv †gvUvgywU| G‡¶ ‡Î mš‘ó I cy‡ivcywi mš‘ó DËi`vZvi nvi h_vµ ‡g 37.3% I 18.3%| cwi‡ek
msi¶ ‡Yi w`K †_‡K fv‡jv Ae¯’v‡b Av‡Q cUzqvLvjx †cŠimfv (Amš‘wói nvi 13.4%) Ges me‡P‡q Lvivc Ae¯’v‡b Av‡Q jvj gwbinvU †cŠimfv (Amš‘wói nvi 53.7%)| MvBevÜ v
†cŠimfvi Ae¯’vI Lye fv‡jv bq| (Amš‘wói nvi 53.2%)| (Amš‘wói nvi 53.2%) G‡¶ ‡Î †cŠimfvwfwËK cy‡ivcywi Amš‘wói wPÎ wb‡gœcÖ`Ë n‡jv -

cwi‡ek Dbœq‡bi †¶ ‡Î †cŠimfv wfwËK Amš‘wói nvi

60
50
40
Amš‘wói nvi

30
20
10
0
‡g‡nicyi

‡bvqvLvjx
cUzqvLvjx
jvjgwbinvU

bovBj
dwi`cyi
MvBevÜv

mybvgMÄ

‡cŠimfv

8.9 †cŠimfvi bvMwiK‡`i Rb¨mb`cÎ

‡cŠi bvMwiKiv wewfbœai‡bi mb`cÎ cÖ`v‡b †cŠi cªwZwbwa‡`i f~wgKv I ¯^”QZv m¤ú‡K©15.3% DËi`vZv mš‘óbb| G‡¶ ‡Î †gvUvgywU mš‘óI cy‡ivcywi mš‘óMÖnxZvi nvi h_vµ ‡g
36.4% I 47.5%| G‡¶ ‡Î †cŠimfvwfwËK cy‡ivcywi Amš‘wói nvi wb‡gœcÖ`Ë n‡jv-

24
 mb`cÎ cÖvwßi †¶ ‡Î †cŠimfv wfwËK Amš‘wói nvi

30
25
20
Amš‘wói nvi
15
10
5
0

‡g‡nicyi

‡bvqvLvjx
cUzqvLvjx
jvjgwbinvU

bovBj
dwi`cyi
MvBevÜv

mybvgMÄ
‡cŠimfv

8.10 †cŠimfvi Ki msMÖ‡n ¯^”QZv

‡gvU 2920 Rb DËi`vZvi g‡a¨†gvUvgywU mš‘óI cy‡ivcywi mš‘wói nvi h_vµ ‡g 38.2% I 41.6%| 19.4% DËi`vZv †cŠi Ki msMÖ‡n †cŠi cÖwZwbwa‡`i f~wgKv m¤ú‡K©Amš‘ó|
G‡¶ ‡Î PvKzixRxwe‡`i g‡a¨35.9%, eëmvqx‡`i g‡a¨43.1% Ges K…wl †ckvi m‡½ RwoZ 61.2% DËi`vZv mš‘wó cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb| ‡cŠi Ki msMÖ‡n me‡P‡q fv‡jv f~wgKv cvjb
I ¯^”QZvi cwiPh w`‡q‡Q †g‡nicyi †cŠimfv (Amš‘wói nvi 2.5%)| Gev̈cv‡i me‡P‡q wcwQ‡q Av‡Q jvjgwbinvU †cŠimfv (Amš‘wói nvi 39.6%)| G‡¶ ‡Î †cŠimfvwfwËK Z_¨
wb‡gœcÖ`Ë n‡jv-
Ki msMÖ‡n ¯^”QZvi †¶ ‡Î †cŠimfv wfwËK Amš‘wói nvi

40
35
30
25
Amš‘wói nvi

20
15
10
5
0
‡g‡nicyi

‡bvqvLvjx
dwi`cyi
jvjgwbinvU

bovBj

cUzqvLvjx
MvBevÜv

mybvgMÄ

‡cŠimfv

8.11 †cŠimfvi cÖkvm‡bi Revew`wnZv

‡cŠi cÖkvm‡bi Revew`wnZvi †¶ ‡Î Amš‘wói nvi 50.3%| G‡¶ ‡Î †gvUvgywU mš‘wó I cy‡ivcywi Amš‘wói nvi h_vµ ‡g 35.7% I 12.2%| †cŠi cÖkvm‡bi Revew`wnZvi †¶ ‡Î
54% DËi`vZv mš‘ó bb| G‡¶ ‡Î cÖv_wgK I gvaẅgK wk¶ vq wkw¶ Z‡`i g‡a¨Ges D”P gvav̈wgK chv©‡qi wkw¶ Z‡`i g‡a¨GB nvi h_vµ ‡g 41.8% I 47.0% Ges 54.4%|
cÖv_wgK †_‡K D”P wk¶ v ch©šZ †gvU DËi`vZv‡`i g‡a¨GB nvi 47.7%| †cŠi cÖkvm‡bi Revew`wnZvi †¶ ‡Î †cŠimfv wfwËK Amš‘wói wPÎ wb‡gœcÖ`Ë n‡jv -

25
 ‡cŠimfvi `vqe×Zvi †¶ ‡Î †cŠimfv wfwËK Amš‘wói nvi

80
70
60
50

Amš‘wói nvi
40
30
20
10
0

‡g‡nicyi

‡bvqvLvjx
cUzqvLvjx
dwi`cyi
jvjgwbinvU

bovBj
MvBevÜv

mybvgMÄ
†cŠimfv

8.12 †cŠi GjvKvq bvix Dbœqb I ¶ gZvqb

‡gvU 2920 Rb DËi`vZvi g‡a¨45.9% bvix‡`i Dbœq‡b we‡kl D‡`v̈M MÖn‡bi †¶ ‡Î †cŠimfvi f~wgKv m¤ú‡K©mš‘óbb| G‡¶ ‡Î †gvUvgywU mš‘óI cy‡ivcywi mš‘óDËi`vZvi nvi
h_vµ ‡g 41.0% I 12.0%| †gvU 827 Rb bvix DËi`vZvi g‡a¨Gev̈cv‡i Amš‘wói nvi 50.2%| wb‡gœ†cŠimfv wfwËK bvix-cyi“‡li Amš‘wói nvi MÖv‡d Dc¯’vwcZ n‡jv -

bvix Dbœqb I ¶ gZvq‡bi †¶ ‡Î †cŠimfv wfwËK Amš‘wói nvi

80

60
Amš‘wói nvi

40

20
0
‡g‡nicyi

‡bvqvLvjx
dwi`cyi

bovBj
jvjgwbinvU

cUzqvLvjx
MvBevÜv

mybvgMÄ

‡cŠimfv

8.13 †cŠi GjvKvq cvwK©se믒v

G wel‡q †gvU 2920 Rb DËi`vZvi g‡a¨50.9% DËi`vZvB Amš‘ó| Gev̈cv‡i cy‡ivcywi mš‘ó I †gvUvgywU mš‘wói nvi h_ vµ ‡g 14.4% I 34.2%| D”P gvaẅgK I D”Pwk¶ vq
wkw¶ Z DËi`vZv‡`i Amš‘wói nvi h_vµ ‡g 57.5% I 54.6%| G‡¶ ‡Î kªwg‡Ki Amš‘wói nvi 52.9%| Gmsµ všZ Kv‡R †cŠimfvi f~wgKvi Amš‘wói †cŠimfvwfwËK Z_¨wb‡gœ
cÖ`Ë n‡jv-

26
 evm-UªvK Uvwg©bvj Dbœqb I e믒vcbvi †¶ ‡Î †cŠimfv wfwËK Amš‘wói nvi

90
80
70
Amš‘wói nvi 60
50
40
30
20
10
0

‡g‡nicyi

‡bvqvLvjx
cUzqvLvjx
jvjgwbinvU

bovBj
dwi`cyi
MvBevÜv

mybvgMÄ
‡cŠimfv

8.14 †cŠi GjvKvq mgvR‡mevg~jK KvR

mgvR‡mevg~jK Kv‡R †cŠimfvi f~wgKvq 58.9% DËi`vZv mš‘ó bb| G ev̈cv‡i †gvUvgywU mš‘ó I cy‡ivcywi mš‘wói nvi h_vµ ‡g 27.8% I 12.6%| Gev̈cv‡i me‡P‡q fv‡jv
Ae¯’v‡b Av‡Q mybvgMÄ †cŠimfv (Amš‘wói nvi 29.6%) Ges me‡P‡q Lvivc Ae¯’v‡b Av‡Q bovBj †cŠimfv (Amš w‘ói nvi 80.6%)| mgvR‡mevg~jK Kv‡R †cŠimfvi f~wgKvi
Amš‘wói †cŠimfvwfwËK Z_¨wb‡gœcÖ`Ë n‡jv-

mvgvwRK Dbœqbg~jK Kv‡R †cŠimfv wfwËK Amš‘wói nvi

90
80
70
60
Amš‘wói nvi

50
40
30
20
10
0
‡g‡nicyi

‡bvqvLvjx
cUzqvLvjx
jvjgwbinvU

bovBj
dwi`cyi
MvBevÜv

mybvgMÄ

‡cŠimfv

9. ‡cŠimfv wfwËK ¸ i“Z¡c~Y©gZvgZ

jvjgwbinvUt
K. bvix‡`i Dbœq‡b Ges ¶ gZvq‡b †cŠimfvi we‡kl ai‡bi f~wgKv †bqv DwPZ| Ryqv, WªvM MÖnY, g` c̈vb BZv̈w` mvgvwRK Acivag~jK KvR cÖwZ‡iv‡a †cŠimfvi †Kvb
f~wgKv †bB eis †cŠimfv PˇiB G ai‡bi Kvh©µ g n‡q Avm‡Q hv AwZ kxNÖB eÜ Kiv `iKvi|

27
 L. wØZxq †kªYxi †cŠimfv wnmv‡e jvjgwbinvU †cŠimfvi Dbœqb, wk¶ v, ¯^v¯’¨I ms¯‹w…Zi weKv‡ki †¶ ‡Î †cŠi KZ©„c‡¶ i e¨_©Zv Rbg‡b cª‡kœi D‡`ªK K‡i| †`‡ki Abv̈b¨
2q †kªYxi †cŠimfvi †P‡q jvjgwbinvU †cŠimfv wbgœgv‡bi| AvMvgxw`‡b GKRb †hvM,̈ wkw¶ Z I mvnmx †cŠi †Pqvigv̈‡bi cÖ‡qvRb|
M. GKUv evm Uvwg©bvj nIqv cÖ‡qvRb| †QvU wkï ‡`i Rb¨cvK©_vKv cÖ‡qvRb| iv¯Zv -NvU ms¯‹vi Kiv cÖ‡qvRb, †cŠi bvM wiK‡`i mywPwKrmvi Rb¨cÖ‡qvRbxq e믒vnv‡Z
wb‡Z n‡e| wk¶ v e믒vi Dbœq‡bI †cŠimfvi f~wgKv ivL‡Z n‡e|

MvBevÜ vt
K. †cŠimfvq, ¯’vbxq miKv‡ii Z„Yg~j chv©‡qi cÖwZô vb wnmv‡e Revew`wnZvi †Kvb e믒v†bB| †Pqvigv̈b mv‡neiv gb gZ cÖwZô vbwU cwiPvjbv K‡ib| bvMwiK mywe av
wbwð ZKi‡Yi Rb¨Revew`wnZvi cÖ‡qvRb e‡j g‡b Kwi|
L. MvBevÜ v kn‡i ‡hfv‡e gv`K`ª‡e¨†Q‡q †M‡Q Zv e‡Ü i e믒vbv wb‡j Lye kxNÖB MvBevÜ vq eo ai‡bi wech©q †`Lv †`‡e| kn‡ii Dbœq‡b †cŠimfvi †Kvb f~wgKv Av‡Q e‡j
g‡b nq bv| gkvI MvBevÜ v kn‡ii GKwU eo mgmv̈|
M. IqvW©wfwËK Kwgkbvi‡`i mgš^‡q Iqv‡W©i evwm›`v‡`i mn‡hvwMZvq GjvKvi wewfbœmgmv̈mg~n mgvav‡bi D‡Ï ‡k¨cÖ‡qvRbxq e믒v†bqv evÃbxq| Kv‡Ri †¶ ‡Î
‡cŠiKg©Pvix‡`i g‡bvfve (AvR‡K bv Kvj Av‡mb) cwieZ©b Kiv GKvšZ cÖ‡qvRb|
N. D”P chv©‡qi cÖkvmbB hLb AvgjvZvwš¿K RwUjZv Ges `jxq cÖfv‡e cÖfvweZ ZLb Z…Yg~‡j mykvmb Ges MYZš¿PP©vKiv KwVb ev̈cvi| Z‡e bvMwiK‡`i †mev cÖvwßi
ev̈cv‡i Av‡iv m‡PZb Ges msMwVZ Ki‡Z cvi‡j †mev Av`vq K‡i †bqv m¤¢e| G‡¶ ‡Î †cŠimfvi m¶ gZvI †`Lvi welq|

‡bvqvLvjxt
K. †bvqvLvjx †cŠimfv `xN©w`‡bi cy‡iv‡bv †cŠimfv| †cŠi bvMwiK wnmv‡e Avgiv eiveiB bvMwiK myweav †_‡K ewÂZ| j¶ ¨Kiv hvq, GLv‡b ivR‰bwZK KwgU‡g‡›Ui eo
Afve| †cŠi †Pqvigv̈‡bi mv‡_ Kwgkbvi‡`i Kv‡R mgš^qnxbZv i‡q †M‡Q| Gme ms¯‹vi Kiv Ri“ix|
L. †cŠimfvq †Kvb KvR wb‡q †M‡j UvKv Qvov †Kvb KvR nq bv| Iqvwik mvwU©wd‡KU †bq vi mgq, Rvbvg‡Z GKR‡bi evevi g„Zz¨mb`cÎ †bqvi mgqI UvKv w`‡Z n‡q‡Q|
M. Avwg g‡b Kwi mgvR‡mevg~jK, iv¯Zv-NvU wbg©v‡b, Ryqv, WªvM MÖnY, g`c̈vb I wK‡kvi Aciva cÖwZ‡iva Ges GjvKvi cwi‡ek msi¶ ‡b †cŠimfv †Kvb f~wgKvB ivL‡Z
cv‡iwb| Avgv‡`i †cŠimfv wb‡R‡`i GjvKvi cÖwZ Am‡PZb, ZvB †cŠimfvi †Kvb DbœwZB n‡”Q bv| Avwg Avkv Ki‡ev ‡cŠimfv cieZx©‡Z DbœwZ Ki‡e|

mybvgMÄ t
K. †cŠimfvi Dbœq‡b GKRb cÖwZkÖ“wZkxj †Pqvigv̈b cÖ‡qvRb, whwb Zvi cÖwZkÖ“wZ i¶ v Ki‡eb| †cŠimfvi iv¯Zv -NvU Dbœq‡b mg`„wó _vKv cÖ‡qvRb| †Kvb GKwU
GjvKv‡K evi evi Dbœqb Kiv wVK bv| †Wªb¸ ‡jv XvKbvwenxb hv wec¾ bK| G‡Z †jvKRb †Wª‡b c‡o gvivZœK AvnZ n‡Z cv‡i| G ai‡bi `vwq‡Z¡Ae‡njv Kiv wVK bv|
L. ‡`‡ki Abv̈b¨†cŠimfvi Zzjbvq mybvgMÄ †cŠimfvi Ae¯’vcð v`c`| GB cð v`c` Ae¯’vKvwU‡q mybvgMÄ †cŠimfv‡K mvg‡bi w`‡K GwM‡q †h‡Z Ges †cŠi
GjvKvevwmi mvwe©K my‡hvM-myweav wbwð Z Ki‡b †cŠi †Pqvigv̈b I Abv̈b¨KZ©„c¶ AvšZwiK I m‡Pó n‡eb - GB Avkvev` e³̈ KiwQ|
M. bvMwiK m‡PZbZv AvekK̈| †cŠi Dbœq‡b †eKvi hyeK m¤cÖ`vq‡K Kv‡R jvMv‡Z cvi‡j `ª“Z Dbœqb m¤¢e| †cŠi cÖkvmb‡KI Dbœqbg~Lx c`‡¶ c wb‡Z n‡e|

dwi`cyit
K. i¶ K hw` f¶ K nq, Zvn‡j Zvi kvw¯Z g„Zy¨`Ê nIqv DwPZ| Gi Rb¨cÖ‡qvRb RbM‡Yi D‡`v̈M Ges Kvh©Ki cÖwZ‡iva|
L. ‡cŠimfv g~jZt †cŠievwm‡`i RbB̈| wKš‘GUv bv n‡q, n‡q †M‡Q †cŠi cÖwZwbwa‡`i Rb¨| GKUv †cŠimfv‡K my›`ifv‡e M‡o Zzj‡Z cv‡i †cŠi cªwZwbwaiv|
M. Mixe Amnvq gwnjviv cÖ‡qvR‡bi mgq †cŠimfv †_‡K †Kvb mvnvh¨-mn‡hvwMZv cvq bv| GwZg ev”Pviv wPwKrmv †mevi Afv‡e Ges eB -LvZv wKb‡Z cv‡i bv e‡j mew`K
†_‡KB wcwQ‡q hvq|

‡g‡nicyit
K. Ryqv, gv`K MÖnY, g`c̈vb, wK‡kvi Aciva I Abv̈b¨mvgvwRK Acivag~jK KvR cÖwZ‡iv‡a †cŠimfvi AM ÖYx f~wgKvi cª‡qvRb|
L. ÔmyRbÕ-Gi D‡`v̈M‡K ¯^vMZ RvbvB| wKš‘GLv‡b wKQy cÖkœAv‡Q hvi DËi`vb wKQyUv RwUj| †hLv‡b we`y r̈ weå vU †j‡MB _v‡K †mLv‡b Ôiv‡Z iv¯Zvq Av‡jvÕ msµ všZ
cÖkwœU AevšZi| †cŠimfvi cvwb mieiv‡ni †¶ ‡Î mwVK †Kvb wbqg bxwZ †bB; †m‡¶ ‡Î DËi`vZv AekB̈ DËi`v‡b weå vwšZi g‡a¨co‡eb| †gvU K_v eo eo evox -
Ni, iv¯Zvq Ah_v wbqb Av‡jv, Avi iv¯Zv I Kei¯’vb ˆZix K‡i †UÛvi eëmv RgRgvU Kiv hvq mZ,̈ bvMwiK Rxe‡bi Dbœqb wK Gi g‡aB̈ mxgve×? Gi DËiUv
mev©‡MÖ†cŠi cÖkvmb‡K Rvb‡Z n‡e| myRb -Avkv Kwi GB Rvbv‡bvi KvRwU Ki‡eb|
28
 M. Avgiv wb‡Riv †Kvb wRwbm wKfv‡e eënvi Ki‡ev †m m¤ú‡K©AeMZ bB| g~j K_v n‡jv me wKQyi D‡×©PvB fvj gb -gvbwmKZv; †m †Pqvigv̈bB †nvK Avi KwgkbviB
†nvK| Zv‡`i PvwiwÎK cwieZ©b GKvš—Kvg¨|

bovBjt
K. †cŠimfv‡Zv †cŠimfv bq, nwijyU †K›`ª| †h †hfv‡e cvi‡Q, †m †mB fv‡e jy‡U-cy‡U Lv‡”Q| G‡`i gv_vq Dbœq‡bi †Kvb wPšZv †bB| GjvKvq Dbœqb Ki‡Z n‡j cvKv
iv¯Zv, cvwb mieivn, ÷ xªU jvBwUs Gi e믒vKi‡Z n‡e|
L. ‡cŠi GjvKvi hyeK m¤cÖ`v‡qi g‡a¨kZKiv cÖvq 90 fvM gv`Kvm³ | wKš‘†cŠimfv †mw`‡K †Zgb bRi w`‡”Q bv|
M. bovBj †cŠimfv AbybZœ †cŠimfv| Kwgkbviiv dvwuKevR| iv¯Zvi Ae¯’v†kvPbxq| wk¶ v e믒vKi“Y, cvwbi e믒v†bB, AwaKvsk mgq we`y Z̈ _v‡K bv, iv¯Zvq evwZ
†bB, ¯’vbxq hyeKiv †bkvMÖ¯;’wKš‘cÖkvmb wbw©eKvi| mvgwRK e믒v†kvPbxq, ¯^v¯’¨‡mev cvIqv hvq bv| †gvU K_v RbMY mvgvwRK, ivR‰bwZK Z_v mvwe©K w`K w`‡q
A‡bK wcwQ‡q|

cUzqvLvjxt
K. †cŠimfvi †Wªb¸ ‡jvi Ae¯’vLyeB Lvivc| Awej‡¤^ G¸ ‡jv wVK Ki‡Z n‡e|
L. kn‡i cÖPzi hvbRU| cvwK©s-Gi RvqMv †bB e‡j hÎZÎ cvwK©snq| Gev̈cv‡I †cŠimfvi †Rviv‡jv f~wgKv ‡bqv DwPr|

9. KiYxq
Avgiv Rwi‡ci Z_m̈gyn msev` m‡¤§ j‡bi gva¨‡g cÖKvk Ki‡Z PvB Ges Rwic cÖwZ‡e`b I myRb-Gi D‡`v̈‡M fwel¨‡Z KiYxq m¤ú‡K©†hmKj †cŠimfvq Rwic Kvh©cwiPvwjZ n‡q‡Q
†mB mKj †cŠimfvi †cŠicwil`mn bvMwiK‡`i mv‡_ gZwewbgq mfvi gva¨‡g Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z PvB, hv‡Z †cŠimfvi cÖwZwbwaMY mn bvMwiKMY †Lvjv‡gjvfv‡e Zv‡`i gZvgZ e³̈
Ki‡Z cv‡ib|

10. Dcmsnvi
bMievmx‡`i Rb¨†hmKj †mev cÖ`v‡b †cŠimfv `vqe×, Zv KZUzKz mdjZvi m‡½ †cŠimfvmg~n bMievmxi wbKU †cŠu‡Q w`‡Z m¶ g n‡”Q Zv Rvbv Ges Rwi‡ci Z_m̈g~n †cŠievmx‡`i
Rvbv‡bvi RbB̈ GB Rwi‡ci Av‡qvRb Kiv n‡q‡Q| GLv‡b D‡j-L¨ †h, G ai‡bi Rwic GB cÖ_g bq| †`‡ki 4wU wmwU Ki‡cv‡ik‡b ‡`q †mev¸ ‡jvi Dci wek¦ev̈sK, ‡emiKvwi Dbœqb
ms¯’vcÖwkKv, mv‡f©GÛ wimvP©†m›Uvi †hŠ_fv‡e 2000 mv‡j 2 eQi ev̈wc GK mgx¶ v 1 Pvjvq| 2002 mv‡ji †g gv‡m G msµ všZ wi‡cvU©cªKvwkZ nq| 2003 UªvÝcv‡iwÝ
B›Uvibv̈kbvj-evsjv‡`k (wUAvBwe)-I 2003 mv‡j ÔÔ†cŠimfvi †mevt bvMwiK‡`i mš‘wó Amš‘wó - GKwU wi‡cvU©KvW©RwicÓkxl©K GK mgx¶ v cwiPvjbv K‡i| †cŠi wbev©Pb 2004
Gi cÖv° v‡j myRb-Gi GB D‡`v̈M †mBme avivevwnKZviB wb`k©b| Z‡e GLv‡b GKwU ev̈cvi D‡j-L bv Ki‡jB bq| Avgv‡`i cÖvß djvdj mš‘wói w`K †_‡K A‡bK †ekx BwZevPK|
wUAvBweÕi Ges wek¦e v̈s‡Ki cwiPvwjZ Rwic djvd‡j †cŠi †mev cÖvwßi †¶ ‡Î bvMwiK‡`i Amš‘wói gvÎv †ekx| djvd‡ji Kvib m¤¢eZ Avgv‡`i Rwi‡ci mxgve×Zv| mvwe©K wPÎ
†c‡Z n‡j ev̈cK AvKv‡i, A‡bK †ekx bgybv wb‡q, AwaK msLK̈ GjvKvq Av‡iv c×wZMZfv‡e Rwic Kvh©cwiPvjbv Kiv `iKvi|

myRb g‡b K‡i GB cÖwµ qv Pjgvb _vK‡j fwel¨‡Z †cŠi cÖwZwbwaiv †hgb Zv‡`i `vq -`vwqZ¡m¤ú‡K©m‡PZb n‡eb, Aciw`‡K †cŠievwmivI Zv‡`i AwaKvi I cÖvc¨†mev m¤ú‡K©
m‡PZb I †mev cÖvw߇Z D‡`v̈Mx n‡eb| Avi Gi gva¨‡g †cŠimfv¸ ‡jv‡Z mr I †hvM¨†bZ„Z¡wbwð Z n‡Z cv‡i|

1
Urban service delivery: Bangladesh, May 2002, World Bank
29