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z@d @
soge e+oo, Geooo - ecc cce.
g(ggsQ s
__gLqL - zoo
_ qsmm1
0gJ. gmJ. s. gg0aem
_eoo - gqaL LeLaL_ geg,
_qcuq L_g _eLo seo
LeLaLs scgm, L_g
6mm+mm+m1om
gg. @J. ammm
C_q geo mmqezaac,
gqaL LeLaL_ geg,
_qcuq L_g _eLo
seo LeLaLs scgm,
L_g.
_m+1m1om
gg.. eggsmJ
_gseoaama
m.cu. CucgeoLLcc,
euoaL_, Oeeee - oo oo.
gmJ. G. egg 0eaJ
mmqezaac - __go_ geg
zauqqea uqe,
mCosaeg_a scgm,
euoaL_,
Oeeee - oo oo.
ggg. . as
_gseoaamea,
ga_ms usc CucgeoL Lcc,
zaazu, Oeeee - oo o.
gg. . Geggsem
_gseoaama,
_mo CucgeoL Lcc,
eaozauu
Oeeee - oo os.
LaLasc _aamL . _ugga _zsssas
Lccs scm asssu, _ugga.
ggc o g cu cu _acc _oLLLLccg.
gm@
LeeLaa LLe noq. LaqsqcCc gco ga
gu Laz_ ga. gqa gaLe gs aL usL e_uaeg
ceLa uasu_co. Coggeuuc gggeu, gqaL
LeLaLe ___cu. _eusu, gu LeLaLe
_cCo. usLL_eu oag_ LeLaLgqo Oeag_ssazsc
gau. LeOeasaouas LcCog _assasec, gqaa egq__
OLa_gu, _e ggeouc o uaggasc
C_aegeCoOaaga, gqaL LeLaLe ___cu
_LLCa qggoqgg. _ooLOLa_g CLzzes_u,
ggzes_u gqaL LeLaL ocosq _asc
OsaeLseco Oeqqsege. aesc, _eosc, mqsc,
__sc, _o_az qqsc _a _qcacsce nag_
g_eeue O_aqLCL gqaL LeLa. ue_ee g, _s_
geuea oog_q __eLLeLuc ocoea
oog_gu Caas _LLeLea Osaeccg gug
LeLa. Co_asc, nLgL_asc, qsaeasc, zaeasc,
Lso_se_ CLaeg __go uegsc, Leeq qq_egsc,
gaoauz_ qoaL mzLg_u CLaeg Lsq osaasc, usasm
sac_aee, suLe CLaeg _qLsmsce LeLLsc aaqu
gqaL LeLaLgq nzu CeLLe. LcCog eussce
LeLau, gasms_u, euaas_u gqaL LeLaLe
ocosq n_muqsege. eueu, OLc__u, g_euau,
g_gou, soau CLaeg LcCog euaasc _asc ma
g_eesec gqaL LeLaLgq o_a, gqaL LeLa
gq soLL LeLaLas ocz ogoq_gcce. Cueeuaae
g_eesc ccoaL Lqqscoqggu guuLu ozLu
ce_u ms Co_s sq_gsCsgL, _ee_gL LeLascg
_cc gcoeogeg ncoaa, uaOue nagg ggLg
gug LeLa. gqas sLLLsseo, gLsseo, Lusseo,
gmasseo, eesseo gaLLgs seosc, _a seosc
aaqu, gqaL LeLaLe gLeL nogq ne_goe.
iii
GsgaJ
1. msQ gg aggga@J gm GgsJa@J
1. 1 msQ aJ 1
... LeLa oezaeg
1. z. msqm @qa S
.z.. geo__ _eeu
.z.z. Og_g _eeu
.z.. geL_eg oagmgq LaeL_c
.z.. __ ocosq n_q_c
.z.. OLag __Lou
.z.. __Lo _gme mecq
1. S. @gg msqm g5qa
... _eus _LLeL
..z. _gaa_ _eeu
... Lo LeLaLs agsec nccLsag
... eL_ _eeuu gcoess_u
... ue_ Cgau
... Coggeus_seLCa gggeuea ocLLg
... __gos CsaLLasc
..a. _gmcoa_ uqLdsce geossce
..a.. _e
..a.z. e_au
..a.. _uu
..a.. __uee
..a.. eagq
gqaamgcc ogLaL u_oasc aaqu Lsq ass_qe
OLqeuea Legeaggu. _uee, _e, neeu, Cgeu,
eL__eeu, eCsa_z_gou, eua_aeu, eag_u, gggeu,
qaasu _a _gmcoa_ uqLdsec nccLs qLLg
gqaL LeLa. _ zauqqe Lzu_ue, soau
mCosaeg_, _ _zmg_, usa_ua sagqg CLaeg
OLqussc, gqaL LeLaLe uqLdsec
ne_qcce. ue_ee __uesqeaL CLagggg
gqaL LeLa ue_e ueLLsqoueLgg _eu Cga
gqeuLLaLeL negg, eg__eeu OLgoe_ gqaL
LeLa oog_ggg. OLeeueau, _aeueau
gqaL LeLa uqsegg. LgLLe, moe, moaqsc,
ue_e __oaa nu_O_aqqsc _ee_gu gqaeegg,
agesCaa eag_ oagq oa_ ogoqLLg gqaL
LeLaLaqu. ccoaqu eggqss geeLLgCoacoauc
CoOgaeg ugCae LzaLzCu ce_u _auaeame
oasgCsgL, nos goCu gqaL LeLaLe eazu.
eega ec e__aau, gug LazuLma_qe
OLqeueau, soaeaz_qe Cueeueau, LeLaLe
gLeLu, gasms_qe geeueau negg, gu Laz_
ua_ame gLLgg naeo gu ecsc _a_u L_g
nogq c_gezss Coeu ceg gcOoee_gL_u,
gu ecsc gg_ qusscas, Leccoscas
gaLLLggussoscas oa_ Coeu ce_u
qgsCsa_L_u ue_ee eaeCgaeasqu gqaLLeLa
LaL_e_ Cucgeo zeLauae uaeos_sq LaLuas
eo_gcc _u_s _zssq LaLgc q_me _ascg
ueuag_ gegea_ O_mm_gs Osacege.
scmue gL - Le
n+: _m _ms1
iv v
..a.. eCsa_z_gou
..a.. sqee
1. 4. msQJ gsaagJ 8
... gasmsu
..z. gasmsu - mcssu
... LeLa - gasmsu - gggeu - Coggeusc
1. . msQ am ma 11
... _LLeL CsaLLasec _gao Oe_c
..z. _oeg_ _m_g emea nezo Oeog
... mzoeescc )qsae n_q_c
... agesCaa eag_ gegoagq
z. 0gg ggg
z. 1. 0gg ggg g 10
z. z. 0gg ga 10
z.z.. gomac Coggeusc
z.z.z. e CogLa
z.z.. Ouag CogLa
z.z.. eua CogLa
z.z.. e__aa _euLmc Coggeusc
z.z.. OLaqca_az Coggeu
z. S. ggg ga 18
z... gomac _euLmc gggeu
z..z. _zac gggeu
z... eua gggeu
z... LeLaL gggeu
z... Ouag gggeu
z... nLoeuLmc gggeu
z. 4. msQ ggg Ja gmqgg
asma z1
z... _zesc
z..z. gCz zae goasu
z... Ouagu eua_u
z... CLasqoz_gu Oeq_ O_aLu
z... ozoagu gaLL Lggu
z... LazuLmauss LeLaL meecuc oa_u
gau Oea Coeoe.
S. gg eG gsaaJ
S. 1. gqa z1
S.z. ga q (Town Planning) z8
S.S. aa (Architecture) zs
S.4.eggs g S1
... neq
..z. neL
... gasmsu
... _csoesc
... OLa_g CLasq
... OLesce geo
... CLasqoz_g_ O_aL
..a. gg_ nLcsec _Lssu Oe_c
vi vii
..s. uq_gou
S.. Gsgsgs sga gg SS
... moeaau
..z. mLmoaqsc
... CoLeLaa_c
... ggggu Og_gu
... uLLaeLasc
... nCoasas_u _agL OLaqcs_u
... oacsu
..a. _cmsc
S.0. eJ S
... _a ogLa
..z. o ogLa
... moaq ogLa
... gogLa
... uzogLa
... gmae uggu OgqL ogLa
... _Lgumsessc
S. 1. a S0
S.8. _gga S1
S. s. gs gsaaggm gq S1
S.10. @gg msqgg gg
Ggsaaggm Gas Ss
4. 0ga ggJ qsma asmQJ
msQ ga
4. 1. 0gJ - Ges aJ, @a 41
... Co_ saou
..z. _ma o__u
... Co_ osaasc
.... eu_e_sc
...z. mzaueasc
.... _zeasasc
.... nLgL_asc
.... sqq uggu uuqq
.... gaeq Co_asc
... nLCo_asc - (Upa vedas)
4. z. ggas 0gas msQ 40
.z.. _zac _euL
.z... _zac mmqsc
.z..z. _ze eeLsc
.z... euq ce_u eLLuegu
.z... eLa ceg _qCaa _eo
.z.z. e__aa geo
.z.z.. quLu
.z.z.z. OLesc geo
.z.z.. scm
.z.z.. neq, neL
.z.z.. mecaaLu OLa_gCLasqu
viii ix
.z.. OLaqca_az geo
.z... O_aggu, ocs_u
.z.. euau
4. S. 5gas 0gas msQ 1
... osau
..z. _zac geg
..z.. _euoes_u _goos_u
..z.z. gq_eg
..z.. oqoa
... e__aa geo
.... mzauesc
...z. p_qmasc
.... eoasc
.... g_qzzsc
... _zu _eg
.... mzuuoeau
...z. sqz_u_u
.... oeLmzu_u
.... eggaaeu
... quL oagqu ue_egu
.... usc geo
...z. neq, neL uggu OLa_g CLasqsc
... OLaqca_az geo
.... Cocaeeu
...z. sac geL ocL
.... oacs_u O_agc gegu
... scm _eg
..a. eua geo
..a.. _ou
..a.z. __gou
..a.. _euaqu mzuu_u
..a.. mee, mCLg, ug mgm
4. 4. 0gam 0mqJ @mgsqJ 8
... Laz_L LeLaLe _o __azu Co_asCc
..z. Co_asce egaeuaaeu
4. . qsma 00
... zaeu Oeac mcssu
..z. ne_gu Oeqsc
... saou
... zaeL Lesc
... zaeasce cecsesu c_qaoqu
... zaeasce Cgassu
4.0. gm asgggg 0ga ggJ
qsmam gq 0
. @gg msqgg g(gaggm Gas
. 1. Ggmma msQ 11
... _ugL LeLa
..z. _ugL LeLaLe agsc
..z.. sa_c
..z.z. mzu
..z.. gL
x xi
..z.. mqgC_auLc
..z.. =es
..z.. OsaeL
..z.. sgeLeu
..z.a. nos gqeuLLa
.z. ggg(g 11
.z.. aggug
.z.z. ee__ug
.z.. gaLs__ug
.S. Ggsas5J ymJggJ sga gg
(aJ, qgJ; 8S
... nos_C_aggu Lgga sq_g
..z. _soagq
... qee oessc
.... qg_qee
...z. _ceo_qee
.... uq__qee
.... Og_c qee
.... Laeo_qee
... goagq
.... OoL_qee
...z. szge__ qee
....o_qee
.... sa_qee
.... nge_ qee
.... Ogao_ qee
.... gueL_qee
...a. oaes_qee
...s. LaLae qee
...o. OLagmac qee
. 4. ea @a asmQJ
eaggga s0
... sLqc, aqc, eg
.... oogLa
...z. oqee ogLa
.... gqze
.... qquac
.... gu__asc
.... mgmee
.... O_eo__a
...a. gsc oessu
...s. L_qe oessu
...o. CL, __u, _eaqsc
.... ages ogLa
..z. mgeuaasc
. . @gg msqggg
g(gmsqm Gas s4
... OuagsOsaeL
..z. qqsCsaucsc
..z.. Csaucsce gL
... gLu
... gmau
... gaLau
xii xiii
... m_assc
... zaua mecaaL
.... gcossL
...z. gqz m_a
..a. mg OsaeLsc
..a.. qqsqgc
..a.z. uq_gou
..a.. ee
..a.. sLLc sLuaeu
..a.. mqgC_auLc
..a.. gL
..a.. sa_c
..a.a. mzu
..a.s. uaeu
..a.o. sg
0. @gg msqgg eam Gas
0. 1. @gg eJ 10s
. . . eea_e _uu
. . z. gg euaL OLqeusc
. . . _goes euaasc
. . . gg eua osaasc
. . . gg euas CsaLLasc
. . . . __eo_u
. . . z. mqLa_eo_u
. . . . geo_u.
. . . se_ ne_gu gaeq uassasc
. . . . ae uassu
. . . z. zag uassu
. . . . su uassu
. . . . Lsq uassu
. . . gg eua m_assc
. . . . mgaas eg_q m_a
. . . z. goza_qm m_a
. . . . )Laoc
. . . . sg_mz_ m_assc
. . . . qqs sa_qes m_a
. . . . oza_qm m_a
. . a. eLaqs_u eumz_aaas_u
. . s. gg euas CsaLLasce _sa_gou
. . o. gqaL LeLaLgq gg eua_qe OsaeL
0. z. em eJ 1S4
. z. . eueu - Oeacmcssu
. z. z. )__asz
. z. . eue euaL mmqsc
. z. . o__uae usa mz
. z. . eues CsaLLasc
. z. . . _uucsc
. z. . z. aa_oa_u _cog _Cgsag_ oa_u
xiv xv
. z. . . _uee
. z. . . ggg OLqu Cgaesc _cog
Leu_amz_u
. z. . . goL_a__u
.z... eue eua osau
. z. . gqaL LeLaLgq eue_qe Laq
. z. . . eue osa_u ocou
. z. . z. euesce _gsCsaLLasc
. z. . . _uee
. z. . . eue __gou
. z. . . seo
0.S. qgg eJ 14S
... __
..z. __zg eua CLa_eesc
..z.. gaeq nama neeusc
t_i _ma e_qaasc
..z.z. ceoes ogsc
..z.. eLog _cog u_qa uassu
..z.. goaeu
..z.. sumee
..z.. g_ssu
..z.. ggog__a meLgg Coeaeo
... __ eua_qe mmqsc
... gqaL LeLaLgq OLc__ euas OsaeL
1. @gg msqgg 0sam Gas
1.1. GJ as msQ 11
... saou
..z. eaegsc
... _sa _zesc
... _zac geo
... e__aa geo
... eua oco
... seo oco
..a. gqa LeLaLgq Oucmasce OsaeL
1.z. ggJ as msQ 100
. z. . saou
. z. z. eaegsc
. z. . _sa _zesc
. z. . _zac geo
. z. . e__aa geo
. z. . eua oco
. z. . seo oco
. z. a. gqa LeLaLgq qL_sce OsaeL
1. S. 5gas J as msQ 11s
. . .saou
. .z. eaegsc
. .. _sa _ueasc
. .. _zac geo
. .. e__aa geo
. .. eua geo
. .. seo oco
xvi xvii
1. 4. 5gas 0esgJas msQ 1sS
. .. saou
. .z. eaegsc
. .. _sa _zesc
... _zac geo
... e__aa geo
. . . eua oco
. . . seo oco
. . a. gqa LeLaLgq Cea_sce OsaeL
1. 5gas smqJ msQ z1z
. . . saou
. . z. eaegsc
. . . _sa _zesc
. . . _zac geo
. . . e__aa geo
. . . eua oco
. . . seo oco
. . a. gqa LeLaLgq mgsaoL Laeame
OsaeL
8. @gg msq @ssJggJ ggg
eam g
8.1. @ssJ aJ zz1
a. . . gmsc gaasu
a. . z. euas CsaLLasc
a. . . gqa LeLaLgq uoaua eua_qe
OsaeL
8.z. gggJ zS0
a.z.. gsgug
a.z.z. euasCsaLLasc
a.z.. g_go O_ae ggoeasce Lcsc
a.z.. gqa LeLaLgq g_go eua_qe OsaeL
s. g @aJ ( @asJ ;
s. 1. g Ggg aJ zS
s... Lsq Ogg C_aegs sazeasc
s..z. Lsq ass_qe ma Lesc
s... Lsq ass_qe mecqsc
s. z. @as g @aJ z40
s.z.. zau_g
s.z.z. u_go
s.z.. zauagg_
s.z.. guLss
s.z.. sd
s.z.. gauC_o
s.z.. qqgaes
s.z.a. ocoLaeamaa
s.z.s. uzaLa
s.z.o. ee_ea
s.z.. gssazau
s.z.z. gc_ae
s.z.. Leo
s.z.. gsga_
s.z.. g_ae
xviii xix
s. S. @gsJa z4
s. . . _goasc mcssu
s.... _goascmmq
s...z. _gsao__osc
s.... eLssao__osc
s.... mgsao__osc
s..z. _goasc g qgL LaLcsc
s..z.. OLaes _goa
s..z.z. ____agoa
s..z.. CLagoa
s..z.. qqugeeaagoa
s..z.. guuagoa
s..z.. ugzsmaagoa
s..z.. qoCeszagoa
s..z.a. OLmaagoa
s..z.s. _eLac
s..z.o. O_aeLzL OLaaagoa
s..z.. qqLLaeagoa
s..z.z. qquaes _goa
s... _goasce _ma O_ae
s. 4. gsmsJa z8
s... euaaeama
s..z. gaaeuas_c o gqgL LaLcsc
s..z.. qqae euLg_
s..z.z. _LL
s..z.. sg_z
s..z.. uacssoaes
s..z.. qqgoseL
s..z.. agLes gaaea
s..z.. ecaaequagea
s..z.a. OuOLaqc gaaea
s..z.s. g_ O_aeL
s..z.o. Cezuae OLquac gaaea
s..z.. uaesasszaa
s..z.z. qosoqaa
s... eg_aeaoeamaasc
s... gaaeuasce eua_ O_ae
10. e, eggs Jgggg @aa
10.1. e, eggs Jgggg @aa
0gsmg asma z1s
o... gqaame geo
o..z. qq__ assasc C_aegs sazcsc
o... qq__ assasce mecqsc
10.z. 5J esgJ z84
o.z.. mzuueuag_qe O_aesc
o. z. . . eua_ O_ae
o. z. . z. e__aa_ O_ae
o. z. . . c__gmeu
o.z.z. zaeazau Cuaseza - gq uqLd
o. z. . mzueuagu - zaeazau Cuaseza
sao_qgqLme
xx xxi
10.S. @ esgJ z88
o... _maeuagu mcssu
o..z. _maeuag_qe CsaLLasc
o... _a euag_qe OeacLasc
o.... Co_asecL LzLog
o...z. gqaL LeLaLeL usscLu
c_go Oecog
o.... scm ggoeasec nqoasq_c
o... e__aa O_ae
o.... OLesc gouCL@_c
o...z. q_ge_sc cou
o.... m_eosc cou
o. . . . esmLLLLL / _gae_ OLes_ssae
_zuu
o.... O_aeL q_ssc
o... e__aa uguoo
o.... q_ge_ ue_qgq cqzas
o...z. Lo_az ue_qgq cqzas
o.... oa_ae _eusee qque_qgq
cqzas
o. . . . _es_u OLes_u emgs euaeu
o. . . . eaq _egs_u )eLaeus_u
o. . . . e_LL_g_c tgLessLei
o. . . . _maeuag_qe O_aesc geLOLgu
Lasc
o... soau _aaeg_ gq uqLd
10.4. @sgqm @aJ zs0
o... zauqqeme oagq
o..z. zauqqeme Osacessc
o... soau mCosaeg_
o... zauqqe assu ggoLLLc
o... zauqqe ass_qe Cgassas_u
qgsCsacs_u
o... mCosaeg_ OLaeOuagsc
10.. 5 gsm e S0S
10.0. asggqa sga sg S0
o... usa_uame ceuLLqou
o..z. gqa m_eou usa_uaqu
o..z.. sC_ assu
o..z.z. sazaggau
o..z.. eCoa_au
o..z.. _uee
o..z.. e_qaaz_u
o... e__aa Ceeosc
11. ya msqgg @ggsm Gas
11. 1. 5g gsQa @gg msQ Sz
... OLc__ euau
..z. euuq__u _u_u
... gqa m_eou usa_ua sagqu
... C__csc
... _gs CsaLLa
xxii xxiii
... Le ou
... Cog o gqaL Lmssc
..a. LcCog assasc
. . a. . ue_ Cgau
. . a. z. nag_ __goasc
. . a. . gg_ nos__zu oag_ osaasc
. . a. . _aeu, OLeeu
. . a. . _uee
. . a. . _euq
. . a. . geseo
. . a. a. Caasa
. . a. s. cceuaaeoagqu nag_
g_ees_u
1z. @gg msQJ, sgg sg aqJ
1z. 1. sggqg gg a - aJ SSS
1z. z. @gg sgggg SS4
z.z.. ueosc
z.z.z. gqsc
z.z.. uzasc
z.z.. Lgeos_u moaqs_u
z.z.. sLgu, sau
z.z.. Le__asc
1z.S. @ga0sQ @gg sgq SSs
1z.4. sggqg gg smJam g S40
xxiv
1. msQ gg sgggs@J
gm GgsJqs@J
nosc oa_u ussc _eeou acLasCo u
gLuas oa_ musege. _eugu ue us_ou
gegg_ oa_Co gcoa_q _qu. __esa gcoa_q oa_
e__aau eaeCgasc gegg__as ss Coeu.
_eaCoCa oc_oL OLg_es,
LeeLaaL LLe nosu _.g eCgc
uesq uaog ue - cesga.
Oeueuaae oa_mgq ___cua _euog LeLa.
oOeac soaeazu ce o_asL OLggg. soaeazu ceg
Oeacgsq eeaae _u_o Oeacoas LeLa ceg
Oeaceo g. .Cs._uLzga_ea _osc noasss
Osa_gcca. LLaL_gc LeLa Lgga s_gsecu
LeLaLs scmaac gau OLgu geeusc, uggu ggaL
LeLaLe gLsecu mmoass saeCLau.
1. 1. msQ sJ
LeL ce_u Oeac LeLa _ugg ceL
LeL_g_c cegac L_g_c, OeueuL L_g_c ceL
OLacLu nos nusce oa_essq egaeuaa_g
neq. o neeo gcqu n_q_ O_agc Lgg aguL_g
oc_o n_oe go_e_ Loeac n_ Coeu cesga.
OLma ue sLsc gscaqu oez n_ Coeu. _ooag
n_o_ac _g go_ggq q m cqu L CoeLa
cesga. ooag n_o_ac ue gscsceLCa saggu
gma Oocoe_u qgg LusLq Coea mLLo e_e_
_sege ceg CLeeuea ne_gsga. _eeCa,
LeL_g_c cesCgau.
1
__esa LeLLL go_gc n_oe _ae me___ogeg
LeuLaq OLss mecOLaecL OLgsgae. _gCLao
gu ue_e_ gco L_ss o_ssascagu. scmagoagu,
nag_ __Loascagu LsqoLL_g ggqe_e_
ocLLC_ LeLa _qu. uee_ __eeu L__s
sazeu gau ce_ uegc ggsseCgaCua __eeCa
Oeacoasqu Oeaoasqu OocLL_gsCgau. ceCo _ae
_s_ge __q _s_gc O_mu ceg L_Ouag o_ssc
nccg. ceCo uegc gco ceeasec oc_gs Osacc
Coeu. gco ceeascasa gg_ _gq, q_ssu,
_Lssu, Lcq, eOeac mgsq n_qu ue_Cgau CLaeg
nama Lesec oc_gsOsacc Coeu.
1. 1. 1. zzo-.;u.
LeLa Lgg eaeCgas_u, ozoagg ocggs_u
agcc s_gsc LeLaLe gLmee mcsqo_as
_eusege.
I. E.B. 0:mm1 :- ue_e e__aa_gc g _as_gee.
ggeouc _oe _eLggcc _gq, gumses, seo,
q_sss CsaLLasc, eLLu, L_ss o_ssasc
_saogeg _e_c _Lssa q __euaae
O_aqLCL LeLa
z. m+mG:1:- _ozo _egaLL Lcsec Cgeuaae
uegeoL_u, Cgeuaae CgasqL_u,
us_oL_u Oeogc _ae LeLa ucsgg.
1. Go.uu. s:- LeLa ceLg ma oa_q _eg,
ooa_q _eg ussc gumses eo_gcc _LLeL
ugLdscac msqmssLLsgg.
4. :+:1 o1..n. @;+uo+u _mm1:- oa_mgqma
o_ssuae Lcsec ggeuaaso Oeoe_ nLgL_asc
oog_gsege. nLgL_s s_gsec mzgLoLLC_
LeLa.
s. qug[1 o_q:- _u_ Ouaguc LeLa ceLg
eaegaeeuaasa q_ssu _cog nag_ ogo
Oecg_c ceg OLaec _e_c Osae oa_eo
gLLeLao Oeog ceg OLacLsgg.
LeLaLeL sass aguL_g q ue_eLu
saeLLu _eg agsc _egCa nLc, nccu, _eua.
oggc nLc _gasaag. _gaa_ _eeueLa nume
mzgLoLCL nccu. ceCo LeLaLaog nuezu
ncc_e_u OeueuLL_g _s ocoea euauass
OsaeLC_ ceL.
1. z. msqm @qs
LeLa sgg nez_ _ssg. nosc C_aegu cou
acLasCo nama LeLaczasL mgLLgceo. _ae oa_u
e__aa_gc gg sggsOsac_u nama oa_ses
Ogg_egsCc gg_ LeLaczas noasqsegg.
I. z. I. [smq qssm:
LeLa geoaae _eeu OsaeLg. LeLaLs agsc
uaga_, _gaa_ _eeueLae. ue_e _gg_agu _gaa_
_eeueLa LeLa _oee_ O_aLgg ou. _eeCa
oc_o,
qeusse _aesgg scm qogq
c_euu guaL neL_g.
ceg qgc _ou mcsqsga. scm ceLg gogeo
uLu Osaccauc geOegsecL meLgg_eou oc_o
scm ceCg agsga.
2 3
I. z. z. 0_] qssm:
LeLa geo__ _eeu OsaeLgLe Ogs_u _eeu
OsaeLg. mLaLmaas qeegCa Osaccauc g_geosq_
_qg_agCLao oecgg _u ac OsaeLg o Lascc
seuae nggL_u, o Lascc cceuaae_asqu
LeLaLs agsc OeacLoe_s saesCgau. oc_o
oaeuCa nag_ _gu cegu oaeuueeg _og_c
aLag cegu oog_gsga. _eac _oCz OLaeuu
qggugg geeueaL mgsq_ _uaue oaeuaasCo
s_LLu cesga.
OLaueuu oaeu L__ ez)g_
geeu Lasqu cee
ce_u qgc _ou mcsqsga.
I. z. 1. s:qs m+gm[n nmsnqm
LeLa _e ue_ee _eCegg_ggqu e__aa
_eCegg_ggqu nma qgsCsaec _LLeLaass
OsaeLg. geL_eg oa_mgq Coea egaeuaa_
oa_mac Oggsecs OsaeLg. oaeuaasa OLa
CLeaeu, __ueeaasa mg nusLq )aq Oeaaeu,
zssuasa see ueLLaeeu ceg Lo _egaL
oa_mac neeusec c_gssaLLass agoau.
I. z. 4. q_ mm1 qqqm
qoOoa gau mg gas_Le gC__u q oesuc
O_aL Osaecce. L_asao_gc oacs__agu
LeLOaLscagu O_aL ggLLLg. _O_aL
LeLaL_ _ass_ggq m_gLLg. eega gacc _gmac
uggu O_agcgLL ocoaac _ee_g_ gegscgu nos
gasc qegLe qeg Ogasa O_aL Osaecce.
g_ geouc LeLaL_ _assu neLaog agesCa.
_eac g_ LeLaL_ _assu cooesugu _ggasce
__euaae ocosq _eLaas coauc aagu mCz
aaou Csc ceg Lzg_ noscama ueLLaeeuea
geogaLo_gq nggeeaas nccg.
I. z. s. 0n+ __nmm
LeLaLLe OeacLog q ue__sq uLCua
_cog q e__aa_ggq uLCua nma __Lou _eg.
_g nosu __ogu oa_u ue_ eu _ee_ggqu
nmeuaae OLag __Lou _qu.
I. z. o. __nm _[ms msmq
nosc cg_ gasce LeLau qegas
LLgceo. qoOoaegu ugOgaegogg uagLL
mcaqsegg. qoOoa LeLau q qgLmLL ussce
__Lo _gmeac og_ mecq _qu.
1. S. @gg msqm gqs
ggaL LeLa nos _cmc nee_ L_e_L
OLggccg. L LeLaLe nee_s s_gscaoe.
I. 1. I. @smo _qnns:
egeq, _eus CoLes omzeCu ggaL
LeLaLe ___cu. _gaa_ _euame CoLesaasa
mCLgegaeLa eg neq egaeuaa_g. eg
neeo ocss euau ega euaa_g. euau ggaL
LeLaLe _c Co. eua_e_L gssc__ac ggaL
LeLa OLacgg_as mu. e_au, _uu, __uee CLaeg
LcCog _gsCsaLLasecu suOgg, ugmgms
CsaLLa, _o_azs CsaLLa _sa _ee_e_u q
CezL OLgg ggg mcaqog ggaL LeLaLe __oaog
ma _eeu ceoau.
4 5
I. 1. z. _gm+ qssm
gug ggaL LeLa usqu L_eu oag_g. eu
sao_gc C_aeg nee_ geouc gs_g_ csLga, sCzss,
nCzauaea, LamCoaeaL LeLasc sao Oocc_gc
_ggg CLaue. _eac gug ggaL LeLa egu
geoOLgg nggL_u nee_ geougu, gs_gg
osgg. _ze __zq coaugu, LcCog _ggaL
LeLOaLsc gs_g_ CLagu gug ggaL LeLa
_oggac com_ LagLu coauc _ouzOue mmgg
Lzggccg.
I. 1. 1. nm non+r o_osm mm:m
ozoaggs sao_ggq _emgg egoez _ma,
gzamL, Lazs, sCzss, _Czma, gCzaLma, soaua, sg__o
LeLasce ma CsaLLasce aLeeLLaso ggg
mcaqoC_ ggaL LeLaLe _eo gL ceoau.
I. 1. 4. onq qssmm mmooqm
ggaL LeLaLe uso gg_ Le __e esL_
_eeu ceoau. _g _eee ga og_ g_sc, soaua,
sg__osce LeLaLs agsec Oogssmceo. uagas
_oggc saeLLLL _ma neeusec _a_u
gggsOsae _zoee_go Oecog _e nama LeLaqu.
I. 1. s. mq 6mm
ggaL LeLa, zssu, see, __uee, eea
Oeaaeu CLaeg LcCog agsec _LLeLaass
OsaeLg. mgsq n_qu _aqeu, ggaL LeLaLe
gg_ agaqu.
_eeCa oc_o,
_gga _gL )__c _.g qoe
OLggae OLaceoL g
ce_u qgc _ou OLaecL OLggo mgsq
n_q_Co OLaecL OLgg_e Lae cesga. OLa__m
uLu _eg, mg _ee_g oes n_msecL LeLLCLa
mgsq Oeg _gaaL s_ OLgg mcaqoe_ ozoaggc
gau saesCgau.
I. 1. o. 6m[_smo_s:6m q[_smsm mm1nn
gga_ gees seL_gc eu, Ouag, ceeu,
euau, __gou, eLaq, L_sso_ssu CLaeg LcCog
oa_ses geoscc Coggeusc Lm_u _g_
Coggeus_s seLCa qggeu neeo mLog
ggaL LeLaLe gL.
I. 1. . qm 6o+rn+om
OLa_os oa_sessq_ C_eoaae u_gou,
_gmac, seosc, e__aa _gq, CLa_eg, ozq, Oeoq,
OLaca_azs CsaLLasc _saogge _ssa_go_e_
ne_gog ggaL LeLa. q OLace Lo geoscc
gg __e neeu geoea _ga n_qu __gos
CsaLLasec _LLeLaass OsaeLg ggaL LeLa.
I. 1. 8. _gmmm+q u[nn[oms [smoms
1. J. 8. 1. _.
qo ug qo Oeg_gu LaeCu _e ceLLu.
.g zssu, Lmq, see CLaeg Lo Oeagscac
_e_ssLLsegg. _ce _LLeLCa _eLaqu.
1. J. 8. 2. n_um
e_au ceLg neeu ceLLsgg. ncc_gogg
oog neeuOaequ, oauogg oo_ac oaeu
cequ _e_ssLLsgg. nLoac oog Oueu
u_eegu nccLssa Oeac e_auaqu.
6 7
1. J. 8. J. _omm
LmzLeu aas OsaeLLC_ _u_ge
_LLeLuCoaaqu. mgsq n_qog togaosqi _ugc
_gu, =es ceL OLac OsaccLLsgg.
1. J. 8. 4. __m.n
Osacoaeu ceLC_ _sueeaaqu. ceeu, Oeac,
Oeac eosce _ou mgsq geLu Oeaaeu.
1. J. 8. 3. no[_
ue guugCa eaggaaqu. ue guugCa ue _eugsq
ogoqssgg. qoe egoeL_gc _eee
_LLcsquOLa_g eagg seLssgg.
1. J. 8. . ncao_;__m
_eeou eCsa_zCz. ccoau gmeu, ccoau
ggeg ceLgu eCsa_z_go_e_ c_g auoC_aaqu.
aagu mCz aaou Csc, ceg scae _aqegeame
s_gu gCo.
1. J. 8. 7. a_.
mg nusceL_gs saLu _eCL see. uzu, Oe,
Osa, _, _o, moaq CLaeg _ee_g nuscL_gu
Oeg__LLu zssCu seeaaqu.
1. 4. msQJ gsssgJ
I. 4. I. +o1ou
ue_ oa_me O_aLss saouasa Le_a sgsaou, ga
sgsao_gc ue oco uggu _gq oco coauc
moaqsecL CLao ue_e oa_g_ae. Le_a sgsao_gc
sz_zLae sgsecs smscas LaeL_geae. ga
sgsao_gc aeuu, o_o_Lu neLa sgsec
smscasL LaeL__ _gLLLae. gogg
ue_meLCa LLLaae _gq oco C_aegae_
_gaoau.
__esa ue_e __g nCoasasec _ggg
nCoasascac _e smsecL LaeL_geae.
O_aLss_gc CoLeLaaCa oa_g_ ue_e LLLaas
sacgeL ocL, Lu_ O_agc, Ogeq_ O_agc ce Lo
O_agcscc =LLLae. OLaca_az _eCegg__ac
oegaae msec _eu_g oa__ O_aLaseae. Cugu
_e goa_eoo gLLeLao Oeu _eL, _csoesc,
qLLeeL OLacsc, neq oessc, La_gzasc,
oaecama Csazasc, uaL uacessc, __sa
Ogeaeosc, mgsc, O_aggeaeosc, oaOeao,
O_aeoCL, O_aeossaL, uee@ _ec CLaeg
gegscc ocoaeLggccae. ceCo ue_e _e
_egaL_ C_eosce _LLeLuc oa_ses oegsec
OLsss OsaeLae. Lg_ C_eosce ocoCa
gasmsu.
I. 4. z. +o1ou - mmou
gasmsu ceg Oeac gs ce_u OeacoaasL mgg_g.
gs - _su - gszsu - gsmsu - gasmsu. gg ussc_u
gsz ussc goa_mgqma oegsc _ee_gu OLgg
mcaqLosc. gsz oa_sesCa gasms oa_ses ceLg
s_g. gasmsu gsu _eeueLag. goco ga_sq
gac ocoaeLgg ooe_s saesCgau.
I. 4. 1. nsn+[ - +o1ou - q[_su - Gm[_suom
gasms_u LeLau qeCga qeg O_aLeLa
uagLLL agsc ceoau. gasmsu ceLg g ocoeas
agsegg. LeLa ceLg _socoaasa _eus na
ocosq nggeeaas _eusgg.
ue_ oa_me _LLeLs agsc _egCa
nLgu nuu _qu. gc gasms_e_ nLc ceoau.
8 9
g_ C_eosce ocoaac q ga egcc g_oc
oa_me ccoa_ gegscgu nosL s_ OLgg
__oL_e_L OLgoau. _gga _eLggcc _gmac
geg, O_agc geg uggu LcCog semLsc _ggaL
ussce oa_ses_ _z_e_ na__oau. O_agc ocoaac
OLaca_az naqu ggLLoau. oocosc _ee_gCu
goco.
LeLa nusq eeaaeg. LeLa ussce _s
oco. ussc uegc C_aeg qcseg na qeasce
O_aqL. oma LeLa ussce ceeu, Oeac, Oeac
oggac OocLLsgg. ue_ oa_mc g
ocosseLCa _socoeaasa q_ssu, Lcq,
oaeu, geu, zssu ue_Cgau __oae _socos
agsce Oeac LaCL LeLa ceoau.
ceCo nLoeg nu _euaag ceL_gCsgL
gasms_u LeLau qegLe qeg O_aLeLa
_LLeLs agsc ceoau.
0ggs
_. gasmsu goco - LeLa _soco.
_. gocoeas qgsqu gasms_ge sao_e_,
_eeuea _cmLs agoau. _eac g_geos_sq
ggL uagLseg _suagg_e_ ggL_gu LeLaLeL
_cmL _aag.
. gasms oco Cosuaeg. LeLa q _egaae
zae ocoeas OsaeLg.
=. gasms uaggasc, ocosc nosc cg_ gaLc cg_
L_gc ggLLLagu _ogeg com_ se_u
coauc cc_as ccCoau _ggg meLggoau.
LeLa ceLg uqg_ _ague _LLeLuc ueu
qegaosc, qu__s s_geLaosc uLCu
meLggs aag.
u[qo+r[ : _soc O_aL ea_easce LaeLa
LLzg_ nose cg_L Lqgugu uaga_ qeg.
uaggasec nL_sqLe _ggg meLggoau. uagas
seosc, ossaasc, euas CsaLLasc _sa
_ssCsaLLascc qoOoa gaLgqu e_ggqu
eLCa CogLasc goqsege. ceCo _ogeg
ggquL_g Coeae, CoeLa_eogeg _zagg
CugOsacc Coeccg.
n. gasms_ggqu LeLaLgqueLCa CogLasc
saeLL_u gg_ g oa_sesea _LLeLaass
OsaeL gasmsu ceoOaec gg_ LeLaLeLs
sae aoag. _eugueeu, _oeu, q_LLu,
OLagaeu, _ec, nLogu, ncc_ggu, _goagg
geo _cog qooa_ geo saeLLLLac LeLa
ocoea sae _aaC_a _C_ geo _ae gasms
ocosqu ggLu.
sass age LeLaLasa _socoue
_LLeLuc _eu CoLesea gegq Oeg Osae
gocoaasa gasmss agscc gg_eogeg ggg
_coa_eogeg gss oa_g_ac oqos oa_ses
ea_aqu. c_gssaLLas eg _@ esg_ geguc
OLu uag_gu ocou ggLLccg. g_ ocoea
ueesg uggu LcCog goL Lcs_sq LaeL__oau
uagas _@esgea _gmgq LaeL__ CoeLa.
1. . msQ sm ms
ozoaggs scmaaeg gu _eCeasecL Lggu
oa_ses _egsc, _zac LeLaL _egsec _ga
n_qsgg. _gmac scm eega oa_mgq nsg_
_gmac O_agc gLL _geo ocssgg. _g CLao
u_gou, oaegc, ocsu, OLaca_azu CLaeg LcCog
LaLasec _go_e oauoas oa_eo ocLL_gs
OsacsCgau. eL LeLaLs scmaac gau _eLu
Laesec mmoass saeCLau.
10 11
I. s. I. _qnns: Go+rn+[osm _[m 0omqm
nose nggL OLacscasa _gu, OLac, eLu
m _sa gaeseeu _ggg _goa_q oa_ n_qog
LeLaLs scm. Lae s_ag sLeuea Oe_c ce_u
sLeu neq, eea Oeaaeu, oaeu, esL_ _eeu
CLaeg LcCog nama _LLeL neeusec _gao
Oeog LeLaLs scm cegac _g uesaasag.
I. s. z. qmsq qm1q o1sm o; 0omm
oa_mac LeLaL Oggsec _ggg gu Oeacscc
emaaeeo ceo _ogaeeo ceo ce _o, _zagg
emaaeogeg ggsqu _ogaeogeg _mLL_gqu nma
_ggeo_ _og LeLaLs scm.
I. s. 1. n;ssomm [1po+o qpqm
eega mzoeesc coocq ssoaeeoaas
Lm_u _ogggq )q sae n_qog ggaL LeLa.
_zac, OLaca_az, oaemac, u_go s_gsec gug
_g gcscae gsqgc __oaeeo mzgLossege.
ogegs sgL_e oauoas mzoees_sq )q ccgc
saeoau.
I. s. 4. @m[soGm+[ @sm|q [sm+gp
LeLaLs scm oauoas gu _eCea oa_g_ ages
oa_q _egea _ggg ga_u meLgg oa_gg naz
n_qsegg Co_asc. zaeasc _sa eua ossaasc
ages ogLa. ages neq, ages u_go
_egsec_ O_coass agsege. _ogeg sgL_ac ga_u
gu oa_mc meLgg gLLeLa n_qsgg. gug
O_aeeuaae gg_ LeLaL LazuLma_e_ _ga sscm
LaeLsgg. L_euuc geuea ee_g ma oa_q
oa_ LeLaLs scm n_qsgg.
g mss
_. 1_ m1omm ms:mm
. ussc c__esa oa_q oa_ musege
z. gcoa_q ceLg c__esag
. e__aau c__esCaa gegg__a ss Coeu
+. LeLa ceg Oeacogq eeaae Cog q Oeaceo
c_g.
. LeLa ce_u Oeacoe _LLeLaae Oeac cg
o. LeL_g_c ceg Oeacoe OLac aag
. ue_e_ coggac LeL__oau
a. LeLa Lgg E.B. OLome s_g aag
s. LeLa Lgg oacCL agog aag
o. Cs.cu. _eque LeLa Lgga s_g aag
. LeLaLeLL Lgg =. u.m. zaCuuoau ga agog aag
z. LeLaLe acsc qg_g gC__u zeeLs ag
. LeLa - q OLag __Lou cooag
+. __Lo _gme mecCo LeLa cooag
. ggaL LeLaLe gL acscc gC__u zeeLs
ag
o. ggaL LeLaLe _eL OLgLLaog cg
. goa_eo gLLeLa Oeu semLsc ceo
a. gasmsu - Oeacmcssu _s.
s. gasms oco c__esag
zo. gasms ocou LeLaL ocou c__esae
z. LeLaLs scmaac gau _eLu Laesc zeeLs ags.
zz. ozoaggs scmaac gau _goe aaeo
z. _gmac scmagoac gau _goe aaeo
z+. nose nggLOLacsc aaeo
z. _socos agsce OeacLaLeL cooag _e_ssoau
12 13
@. q_ nq[ _mmm _mm nq m1o_q uo+um
ms:mm
. go_e_L LeL__ Coea_e _oa_e_ oc_o
cooag agsga.
z. LeLa Lgga _u_sce s_e_s ag.
. LeLaLe euass__as agLLog aag
+. LeLa geo__ _eeuag ceLe_ mcsqs.
. geL_eg oa_mc LeLaLe LaeLaLeL c_gs.
o. gga LeLaLgq _eus neCo _LLeL cooag
. ggaL LeLa _gaa_ _eeu neLag caaeu
a. ue_meLCa LLLaas _gq oco ggLLLe_ mcsqs
s. gasmsu - goco ceLe_ mcsqs.
o. nose nggLOLacsc ce agLLoe aaeo
. gasmsu C_aega m__e_ mom.
z. LeLaLeL cooag CuuL_gs Osaccoau.
@. q_ no _mmm _mm nn m1o_q uo+um
ms:mm
. LeLa Lgg eaeCgasce s_gsec O_aq_gs ags.
z. LeLa Ogs_g_eeu OsaeLg ceLe_ mcsqs.
. __ocosqL LeLa n_qsgg - _ee _q Oe
+. ggaL LeLa Lo LeLaLs agsec nccLssag
ceLe_ mom.
. ue_ CgaCu ggaL LeLaLe ___cu ceLe_ mom.
o. ggaL LeLaLe _gmcoa_ ugLdsce geosec
mom.
. LeLa _soco ceLe_ mom.
a. LeLaLs scmue Laesc zeee mom.
o. +sq no+o_q uo+um ms:mm
. LeLaLe acsec mom_g c_gs.
z. LeLa Lggu LeLaLs scmaac gouOLgu Laesec
mom.
. ggaL LeLaLe gLmacsec_ O_aq_gs ags.
+. gasmsu- LeLa ce_u Oeagsec mcss, O_aL uggu
Coggeusec c_g.
14
z. 0gg ggg
Laz_ ga L_uOLu ga
g __e _co - ggeeq _sgga)
cega usasm Lazgaa.
__esa OLeu oag_ Laz_ gaLeL _eOea
sao_gc Lz_e _eL saze__ac Lz_seLu cequ
Laz_ oq cegu _e_ssLLo_asL zaeo
Oegscac _gsCgau. gu_)q ceg ugOga OLau
o_ssc nccg.
_zuL sao_gc Lazs, sCzssL LeLOaLsce
mecoac ggaa, ggu_aeu ceg OLasc noaue.
oscg LeLOaLsc gg gg )z_gLe geg CLaue.
gg ceLe_ _osc _gg ceg noem__asc. _ee_
O_aLgg eLssao_gc og_ _uous_u gu gaLeL
_ggu_ae ceg _e___e.
__esa L_euu OLeuu oag_ gu ga q
)LsgL ga ceg gomac OLeuea neLag. Le _a
uaueo_ O_aLsc oLssc ages _zeasqu, O_gCs
ggL OLasLgu, s_ssgu Cugsgu _egCa oass
sLgu, _zms sLgu ages _zeas ncce. Cugu
ggaa geL sLgsezea neLa ga ceg OLeuu
neLag.
_e goLLzL, LcoesLLLL es agsc, uagLLL
_LL OoLLgeosc, go _euLsc. _ee qgsa c
g_g_ soasa qLeLaassauc q seL_ge Lemees
Osa_gcce. g_ _euL ozoaggc q gLLae Luas
gees seLu ceg OLeuea C_aggm_gcce.
15
__sa gszoasecu, saesCgau. Cszc uoLa oage
ussc )ssuae _sLOLaoqL_u, saqu ussc gco
gg_e_u __esu OLggosca LLe_s
saesCgau. _u=auasc __esa agsc C_eoLLu
m__gc LLe_u saesCgau. ceCo LasL uu_
ggaaeo e _asaLasu cesga.
z. z. 1. 0m+g 6m_n+
gug ga asoagg, mzaeu CLaeg gasecL CLao
qCz OuageaL CLsu ga _eg. gu gaLc egCg gg__a_
a+ Ouagsc gom osege. oggc o Ouagsc
qgLmL__sseo. euus_u, _u_, _gg, oasac, Leam,
qgza_g, uza_g, O_gaq, seeLu, ueoaacu CLaegeo
ooaqu.
OuagsecL CLaoCo c__g ooascgu __esa
CogLLL _euLsc ncce. qCz zae c__g _eg
ceo. LeeLa Lao, C_ogasm, szg_u _sa Ouagsce
c__g_eg eega Ouagsce c__g_egsceeg
_gggu uagLL ncce.
z. z. 4. omm 6m_n+
ggaamc oa_u ussc _eeou qCz eua_e_L
meLggogceo. nose _eo gg_ euaascae gg
euau, eue euau, OLc__ euau, soaua euau, sg__o
euau La euau _saeo ggaamc meLggLLL
ooe_s saesCgau. Cugu uu_ascc Lo nLmmqsc
LLe_u, _ogegu ussc meLgg ooe_u
LassCgau.
z. z. s. oqq+m _smnnm 6m[_smom
usscLu saeLLu neq, neL, _csoesc, L_ss
o_ssas_u uagLL LLe_s saesCgau. oa_u
z. 1. 0gg ggg g
Lzg_ gug Laz_ C_eu gomac _euL, eu, Ouag,
ossau, euau, e__aa _euL, OLaca_azu, oa_seso
eLaqsc uggu eumz_aaascac CogLLL agsecs
Osaeg_agu gga ceg qeuLLaL neq
usscLu geLsaouasCo gom osegg. _eeCa
Coggeuuc qggeu cesCgau. g_ Coggeuuc
qggeu ce_u nama CsaLLaCL gga LazuLma_ge
_eo gL ceoau.
z. z. 0gg gs
z. z. I. [mmmm 6m[_smom
gug ga Lzg_ ga. __esa Lzg_ gaLc qCz zae
ages _euLeLs sae _aag. LcCog oesLLLL
_LLOoLL geosecu, muac _euLsecu
saesCgau. q gu OegLLae gg saeso euOoceau
_C_ Cgz_gc uggu zag_e, gg Laeooeasecu
saesCgau. OegLLae Lcc__asqL Lqgs_u CuLae
dL_us_u ncce. _e __gu ue_ OLgseg
_u=au uago zu, ue_Ca saea_ ogeL
O_eeggaL Lqgs_u ncce. saqcu, CsaeLu
uag uag gom ooe_s saesCgau. __esa gomac
CogLasc gu gaLc goqsege.
z. z. z. @s 6m_n+
L_uOLu gaLasa gug gaLc LcCog easeco
eag_ ussc oa_gg osege. _zuL_gogC_
ggaamc ussc O_aes uqgg saeLLLL_asCo
_gsCgau. gug gaLc sCzss, eassa, _e, qqae,
_zama, gssa _Lsaea eussecs saesCgau.
eega g_oc e_u L_aqueezu, gasms_gc
16 17
_eguc CogLasc ncce. oL gga ussce oa_ses
_eg O_ees ussce oa_ses _egueeg uagLL
LLe_s saesCgau. _eL _csoesec _cu
_eg, neqL OLacsec ne@u _eg _saoggc
saeLLu CogLasc OocLLeLaas_ O_msege.
ussce uz _egs_u e__aa _euLscc CogLasc
LLe_s saesCgau.
z. z. o. 0n+_m+q+; 6m[_sm
cg_ q gaLgu qCz zae OLaca_az oa_ses
geoeas sae aoag. gug gau __gq mosseg.
aqu q eaza ne@u neqsq gasu q eaza
ne@u neeo me_gu oa_u geo nccg. uaL
uacesscc oa_Lo qguss, geos qeescgu
qeL _aauc _msqu ussc uggu ceL OLaca_az
Coggeueas seaLass saeoau.
ooag gu gaLe _ee_g_ gegscgu
geoscgu Coggeus agsc geggg sLLLe_s
saesCgau. ce_u qggeu goqog _ae _e _eo
gL.
z. S. ggg gs
z. 1. I. [mmmm _smnnm q[_sm
gomac agscc c__esa Coggeusc saeLL_u
zae saogO_aLCL guga Laz_ ga ce_u OLamees
Osaeccg. gomac _LLeLuc mgga ea__za ueo_
O_aLsc gu gaLeL oLggaa cegu O_eeggaa cegu
mmLLg CLaeg saeLL_u gu gga ga Laz_ seLu
ceCg o_asLLsgg. g_ qCz OLaCz qggeu neqsq
_ssao eaeg _qu. ss_ge _LLeLuc _ae _a
gaLasa Laz_ gaLeL _aaas nosu Oeg Laz_ ua_a
ce _eeou OsaeLa osCgau.
z. 1. z. _;mm q[_sm
gga ozoaggc eszo_g ce_u ma Oeac us_
O_coas ggaa __eueau qCz _ze _eL geoea
mcsqsgg. ceCo _zagu ga __eusqu qggeu
neeo ggL_gccg. Cugu gu gaLeL _eL
ueesc _egCa zagag zage, _gzage, gszaL, eauzaL,
mzaL, eoOLcu CLaeg LLLasecL OLgg u gLuas
_eLeu ozoaggac _gaLLsgg. ggaa __eueau
Oogg Osae _eLeuea LLLLasc O_cq
L_gsege. Cugu _zesc zagsau, _soCu_u,
oagCLau ceg Cocmseco Oe__as _gsCgau. _zac
qggeu gomeac uLCu __esa Cocmsec Oea
agu. ceCo Co_saog O_aLCL _zac qggeu
ggaamc gomag.
eLLLLL sao_gc _eL OuasoaaL CLzzescae
_sL, qczasL CLaeCga ggaa __eusqu qCz u_ga
goas _euLeL ggL_ge. ga __eusqu qCz zae
eLLasc, OLag gaeaasc, _goos Ouagaas Lazs
Ouag, geL Ogeaeosc ce noass qggeuea
geogaLe. _asCoa ga __eusqu OLagoae
zuc Lae_sc, _Lac _gg oasa ce qggeu neeo
ocsqu m__gc _eLe. s_ggz_ggq me sC_e
euu_aeasc ggas qazsLe eegg ggas qazs
gaLas eg nosc gs_sgg.
z. 1. 1. omm q[_sm
ggaamc ncc euaasc Looggc OLuLaoaeeo
q sLqc CsaLLa, _euame _gogg _eeu, _o_azs
18 19
CsaLLa, mCLg ceg Lo s_gscc q__ _eeu
eLaeoas ncce. euao eLaqscgu, L_ss
o_ssascgu _LLeLaae _eeusc qegasCo
ncce. oL ggasc O_gCs zaCuuozu oez e_L
Laeasec CugOsacsege. O_eeggaamc oLCLa
sa aa_gez CugOsacsege. ggaa __eusqu
zauaaeu, usaLaz_u _sa gsaeas_u
mzsamaascas gs_ogLe sme_ omc LsgL
OLsqLe LaLLLsege. gu gaLc saeLLu _ee_g
euaasce euas CsaLLa Lsg, __uee, m CLg.
e_ _eLo_gqma _eus Oggs_u _gsCsaLLas_u
gga _eeosqu ggeLaeoas ncceuaac
u_gcoessu guueLCa qcoe_s saesCgau.
z. 1. 4. non+r q[_sm
LcCog e_e_o eag_ ussc qaCs a oa_gg
nama LeLaLeL nosgao Oegcce. ggaL
LeLaLeL mzgLosqu ossaasc Looggc qCz zae
LeLaLs agsc, g_eesc LLe_s saesCgau. qCz
zae ossas s_gsc, __go Oggsc. uzsc, oa_ses
_egsc ga __o_gqu qCz uagmaas LLe_s
saesCgau. e__aa oa_me LeLaL ___cuas ncc
euao eLaqsc, e__aa oa_ses _eg, m_assc, oa_mac
Oggsc _saeo qCz _eeuLe LLe_s saesCgau.
)Laoc, _eza, OLaasc, sqe Ogagg, ezuog _eg,
mgaas eg_g, zugae, sguguu, usam Ogagg uggu
__ _cua CLaeg Leessc gu LeLaL qggeuea
nosgao Oesege.
z. 1. s. 0m+g q[_sm
_CeaseLa sao_gc __u_s s_gsc uss_sq
ccgc mcaqu Lao Ouaguc LzLLLLLL_as _gsCgau.
euus_ Ouag, _gg, uza_g, qgza_g, oasac Ouagsc
gga qggeusq nzu Ce__e. _ssae_gc _u_, O_gaq,
seeLu, ueoaacu, g_ ce_u gzamL Ouagsc ggg
ceg OLeuea OLgge. ceCo Ouagsc Looau_u
_ogggseLCa s_O_aggeu gomag ceLg
ggeLa_aqu.
z. 1. o. :msmnnm q[_sm
_masc, eassasc, _esc ce LcCog
e__osc ggaamc qCage. gaceLmc
ggas_Le __euaass sogg _asc _e__eeuea
_g_e. soauas_u, sg__os_u aCs ogg _as
oa_g_e. ggaamCo oa_gg, aqcc neqL
OLacsec ne, qCzm_uae _LLOoLL geoscc
oa_gg _egaL sLeusec gegCogg _acgaLLou
gaceLmc ggazaue. _sCo aq oa_u ussc
_eeou ggaL LeLaL_ _ass__ac qCz __euL
LeeLu OLgg oa_gg osege.
__esa LcCog geoscc Coggeusc
qoOoaegu qggeuea geogaLu _ueascas
OeacLsege.
z. 4. msQ ggg Jsg gmqgg
ssms
gu Laz_ gaLe ma CsaLLaLasa Coggeuuc
qggeu cooag ucsgg ceLe_ _ggC_au. e
qggeuea ocsseg sazcsecs saeCLau.
z. 4. I. _;o1om
ggaL OLgaLeL _L mgg ozoaggc gLuss
Lu OLggosc. _Ceas, eggzqL_e, e__gzqL_e,
_oaq)e, _sL, qczasL CLaegoscao. osc ue
20 21
_ee sazeuas ggaame OLuLqgea Oogg
OsaeLe. Lo ggzssec ee_g ggaaeo q
qeLue _ _c _gLLLe. _zesec O_aLgg mzsc
_asc )zo Oeacsec geogaLL mume. os_eLa
Oeacs_u gug LeLaLeLu qggeueau oc__e.
z. 4. z. q6; ;+s [1m+om
gaLeLaaeL qL_sc, Ouasoaasc, _asCoasc
_L sao_gc ccoa uagoasecu, qegass zae _L
_euLmeac goasu Oe_e. oma goas _euL
LeLaL qggeusq m_gLLg.
z. 4. 1. 0m+gm ommqm
L_asao_gc euus__u, _gsao_gc _aso_u,
_ggu, _u_u, LeLaL qggeueaL CLcocss
geemg_e. ossaasc, saLmaasc, zaeasc,
gsaeasc ce _ee_gu uOuagscc Ouag OLassL
LLLe. o _oss_e_s Osae ___u LeLasLqu
ggL_ _aamssLLLLe. zauaaeu oLOuaguc oaeus
_eozagu, _gguc gc_aezagu, _ugc smo
esszo_g suLzagu aggLLLLeuea saesCgau.
u_oCu euas s_g uagauc ___u LeLaLgseas
O_aLeLa Oegsecs agcce.
LcCog euaas_squ geossceas_ gs_u gg
euau ussce _eus oa_mgu, _so g_eeugu
nama qggeuea CLcocss_ gee mg_e.
z. 4. 4. 6n+m;m 0om[ 0q+:1qm
_asCoa sao_gc OsaeozLLLL LL
Lae_sc, _Lac uggu _gg _eg, O_aeoCL, oaOeao,
oae mg, CLggsc, eaeosc CLaegeo Lae Cgz_e_
qeg__gLe LagsaLLaeL Lae_ggq n_mag. Oeg_
O_aLeL _c__g. _eac ussc Lo LasLqu cc_as
Oeeg og_e. LeLaL qggeusq g m_gLLg. eg
ocgg ou _gmac O_agc gLL_ge sazeuae
O_aeossaL, sce, uee@ _ec _eg (E-mail),
O_aeo gso (FAX) ogge LaeLasec _ggg Cugu
qoLe qo Ogasa O_aL Osae oa_seCgau.
z. 4. s. m;m+_m +rn n[_m
OLagoae ozoagg uzsec gug ossaas_u mg
LaLasce oauoasqu _gsCgau. ozoagg uzsec
_ggg ga_u gug LeLaL qggeuea ocss Coeu
ceg neq C_aegsgg. m_eo ass ozoageg _ggg
ga, gaLLLgg ussosca oa_ Coeu ceg neq
CuuLsgg. ceCo LeLaL qggeuea gug ozoagg
_gq gaLL Lgg, C_a neq _saeo ocss
geemsege.
z. 4. o. n+;mn1mmo non+r nssomm m+_m
+m 0omm 6moms
Coggeuuc qggeu saeLC_ ggame _LLeLs
CsaLLa ceLe_ nez Coeu. _ee c_a__ua
negg gau gu qggeu neeo CLa uggu _eugsq_
)aq_u ac, Ooccu, _suLu CLaeg ageso zgme
CLag uLCu nosgao OesCgau. __esa Ogsss
saoasec_ _m_g _eugs sao_ggu _egaL oa_mgu
_e, _eug, eCsa_z ueLLaeeu, qggeu, mg u___oez
_zoee_go Oecogu gcoess ueLLaeeu
neLaoza oa_ Coeu.
mgOLasqu ccoa qusqu ceg oc_ome
oassgseas com_ CogLau s_auc _eeoezu
euuass sgL L_s Coeu. _osce eL geLascc
Laq Osacc Coeu. qgLLas_ _eeac aeg n_mea
uggosLq Oea Coeu.
22 23
mg u___osce neqsec ug_g gLss Coeu.
cu u__u euu_u ceg Lzg_ eua neq Coeu.
qeCg qou, qoCe C_oe ceg nama CsaLLaLee
geL_eg oa_mc meLgg Coeu.
gaLL Lgg ussoza ga gusq cee Oe_g
ceLe_s s_auc gau gaLgq cee OeC_au ceg
neqLe gaLe go_sqL LaLL Coeu. gug
_geou _ggeou gu gaLgq LaeL__ Coeu.
nose _ee_g_ gegscgu gu ga ocu oag__as
gs_L LaLL Coeu.
eg nos _zasc CoeLLLog eua_aeu.
c__esa Coggeus_squ, naq _a_qs_squ Lu
_zauc eua_ae neqLe mLs Osa_g oa_ Coeu.
nos _eugCa naqsq og ceLe_ _eeou negg
__gq _azag ne_ss Coeu.
eua_ae oa_mgq _LLeL eCsa_z_go ueLLaeeu.
ue_ea_ C_aega zaue, CoL qo__eooeae
qseeu, qzase_ _eooeae ss#oeeu eCsa_zeas
gggs OsaeLgogg eCsa_z_ __go_e_ _gaoau.
ga_u gu Coggeus_sq _LLagLLL eCsa_z
ueLLaeeuea oc_gs Osacc Coeu.
g mss
_. 1_ m1omm ms:mm
. Laz_ gaLeL Lazgaa cooag gLmssga
z. ggaamgq o_aqu Cog OLasc aaeo
. ggaaeo gomac agsce _LLeLuc cooag
_e_ssoau
+. ggaame ages _zeas ncce ceo
. ggaame nama _eogL aag
o. ggaaeo LasL uu_ cooag gLmssga
. ggaamc o_ssc ncc o _ssa Ouagsecs ag.
a. ggaamc ussc meLggu euaasc oogegs ag.
s. gu _agaLe,L _aaas nosu Oeg cooag
_e_ssCgau
o. _zesc gLsOsaeL LLLL OLasc oogegs ag.
. _zesc CugOsaeL Cocmsc oogegs ag
z. gu ussc OsaeLa us_u o Leessecs ag.
. ggaamc oa_u LcCog e__osc aao
+. ggaaeo _eL OLueesc oezs ag.
. ggaame OLu gsaeasc ceo
@. q_ n[ _mmm _mm n m1o_ mo+mm
ms:mm
. Laz_ga ggaa cequ _ggu_ae cequ
o_asLOLggC_e
z. ggaa geesseLu cege_ssLLoC_e
24 25
. Coggeuuc qggeu ce_u CsaLLaLeL mom.
+. gu gaLc goqu Coggeus agsc aaeo
. ggaaeo e _asaLasu ce LasL uu_
agssazeu aag
o. gu gaLc saeLLu OLaca_az Coggeueas ag.
. _asCoa qggeu neq C_aeg cooag
sazeuaue
a. ggaame LeLaL qggeuea mom.
s. CLasqoz_gu Oeg_ O_aL cooag qggeusq_
gee msege
o. gaLL Lgg uggu C_a neeo ocss geemg_g
cooag
@. q_ no _mmm _mm qnn m1o_
mo+mm ms:mm
. ggaame gomac Coggeusc aaeo
z. ggaamc saeLLu Ouag Coggeusecs ag.
. ggaame e__aa _euLmc saeLLu
Coggeusecs ag.
+. ggaame gomac _zac qggeuea mom.
. eua qggeu ggaamc goqsgg ceLe_ mom.
o. Coggeuuc qggeu gLLe uoz gau Oea
Coeoe aaeo
o. +s no+o_ mo+mm ms:mm
. ggaamc goqu CoggeusseLCa qggeu cooag
gs_sgg
z. ggaL LeLaL qggeusq_ geemg_ sazcsec_
O_aq_gs ags
26
S. gg eG gsssJ
szz _u _ec g. R.D. Laeg _osc gL_ga
_s_oazaouc ggL Lqguc oassae uaoLL_gc
_euggcc Oua_e_aCza ce_uL_ggu, R.B. _aaazau
e_ae ceLo gL_ga O_acOLac _s_oazaouc
LeaL Lqguc uaeLCsaum uaoLL_gc _zLLa ce_u
L_ggu uso gg_ gasmsu ocggg_g ce c_gs
age. sz+-c O_ac OLac _zao_ gegue
_eeazas g_ e gae uaec ceLo _aCu _eeeg
g_ _zaoeeo Oeg __ee nos_ggq_ O_maL
L_gea. g_ gasmsu usqu Cueeu neLagu
_masc oessq _ge_agu _qu ceLC_ _ozg
s__aqu. g _mz gg-Lgu_ae Lqguc eaeqLaCza
(Chanhudaro), sssa (Jhukar) gc (Nal) uggu OsoL (Kelat)
_sa Lascc gL_ga _s_oazaoue _ou __esa
gasmsu ocggg_g ceLg gqLeu _ugg. g_
gasmsu sua s._. zoogg s._. zo oezuoae
saosLL_gc g__as_ O_msgg.
S. 1. gqs
osc cg_ e_e_o Ceg_osc ceLgc em_gz
_masceLCa Lo s_gsc goqsege. osc
_masc ceg q eaza agoe_ uaec (Sir John Marshall)
_gggu ug_g osc _masc _co ceLe_ Lo
__azas_Le c_gs agsga. saLe cCL (Gordon
Childe) ceLo, osc sCumasc ceg agsga. _eac
__gsae __az_e_ c_gsag aomceo. gzamL
e_e_o Ceg_osc ceg zaso_au Laeg (Rakhal Das
Banerjee) agsga. _s_oazaouc seL__ eaegsecs
Osae LasL qsa (Dr. Guha) CLaeCga osc Lo
e_e_o Ceg_osc ceg agsgasc. OLuLaoae
27
_gsc gg euOoc gasmsu gzamL ussce OsaeL
ce q_gs Osaecce. ceCo aq oa_g_osc gzamL
e ussc ceLg O_coasgg. uussc cg_ e_e_o
Ceg_osc ceLe__ O_coass ag aoamLLagu,
gasms_gc nee_ geoea _eLggg_asc ceLg
uLu O_coae neeu ce Cog o ozoagg _masc
agsege.
S. z. gs q ( Town Planning )
Oua_ea_aCza uggu _zLLa CLaeg gszasc
ggssezuc _euaL OLggg_e. gg gguogg
euc O_aeomc Oua_ea_aCzaqu zm gguogg o
euc O_aeomc _zLLa _euggcce. ooag
ggs_sq _saeuuc _eug__ac _gg Oocc_gc
ggszasc Lo _Leo __go OecoLLLLe.
qoOoa_eg _gg_ CLagu ueu ueu ggszasc
guacssLLLLe ceLe_ _zaosc gqmssege.
eaeosce _euLeLL Lasqu CLag gsz _euL
nee_ geoea cL g_g ceLe_ nezoau.
_ssauae eaeosc _ _sou OsaeLeoscas
g_e. ugg eaeosc s _uogg z _ oez
_so_eLaeoscasqu g_e. O_Coazascc
O_mcsqsc _eussLLLg_e. sgqgs sacoas_u
gLLas _eussLLLg_e.
gLLuLLLLL Lo O_ssc uaOLu sgq gzsggu
sacoasc _egLL _ogego s__LL_g_c
CLaegogeg LasquCLag _egLLaae gsz goasu
qeg ggss Coeu, _g_ goasu usqu
Lo_cc_as ggss Coeu, __eac _ae
mg_egsceL ms_u O_ss_u _euggg_e
ce saLe cCL (Gordon Childe) agsga.
sgqg sacoasc OLma Oeasgscagu uggu
sgscagu _LLLLg_e. g g sacoasc O_
Coazascc OLma sacoaLe eessLLLg_e. eo
Oeasgscac sLLLLLg_e. mscc Ceu qLeLsecs
OsaLL O_me Lssascgu qLeL_ O_aLsc
_eussLLLg_e. Cugagaogegs soe_gc Osae
La__ac gszu s__uasqu geuaasqu ss uqg_
_sseg c_gs OsaeLe ceLg O_coaqu.
S. S. ss ( Architecture )
gsz_gc _eussLLLL _ee_gs sLLLas_u, o
qgLmLL oezaegs_sqLLLCL sLLLLLg_e. g
sLLLasc o _ gc_u zo _ _so_u Osaeg_e.
_oggc gaeq _cog ggg _egsc _eussLLLg_e.
OLma sLLLasc, ga sLLL_e_L CLaeg ze Laq
gc, _soasecs Osaeg_g. _gsLLeu o _egsc
OsaeL_as g_e. Lo _eg _gqsc ggLLLagu
_ogeg _eg mmqscass Osaccoau. __oaog
L_asaou, zeLaog u_ga saou uggu _egaog
mgsaouaqu. Oocc__ac _gg_agu ueu qCz zas
gLLuLLLL __c ze sao_ggu sLLLLLg_e.
_eac mgsao_gc sLLLLLL sLLLasc emaas_
gLLuLLLLauc _z_gc _a_g_eoscas g_e. g
mgsao_gc sLLLsseoue _geoCa qgssgg ceLa.
LasL =acs (Dr. Pusalkar). C_aeOassLLLL msec
_eg oesscasL mmssega.
. qusqu msc
z. OLma sLLLasc
. OLags qcaoegsc.
__c ze oesssLLasecL Lgg CuCo La_C_au.
_egaog oesaae sLLLasec e LaLCLau.
28 29
Oua_e_aCza me usLOLma sLLLu. goecqcu
a _ __u OsaeL_asqu g_g. _e_o sgg
L_gegs_u qcac _egs_u _eussLLLg_e.
_e_s sLo_gq sLL Oeasgsc LaeL__LLLg_e.
goec qc_gc gezo Oeg__qu __sq gez OocCaggqu
_e__eCa ggLasc OeaLLLg_e. segscogg
g goec qc_ggqs Osae OecoLLLLg. segsc sLL
Oeasgsceac sLLLLLg_e. _C_ CLaeg _zLLa
mgu goec qcu _eussLLLg_g. ___eLa _cq
gcu s _aasqu _sou _aasqu __u a
_aasqu g_g. gm_as saoascgu, euao eLaqsc
Oeu CLagu ussc goec qc_gc gzae. eua_
gm_assaoascc gzaoe_ e_uass sg __gq
_ssa_gou _c__e.
_zeaasu _cog OLags sLLLas_u C_ae
cssLLLLe. _eosc +oo _ gc_u zao _ _so_u
OsaeLeoaqu. g _mz _zLLa mc _aeas sLaqs_u
saeLLLLe. o _ gc_u zo _ _so_u Osaeg_e.
__e ge_oaucsc ggea Cgass _euggLL_ac g
ogeaL CLasqoz_ggq ussc LaeL_g sgsgasc
ceLg O_coaqu. C_ _aeassLaqsc _zeaas_ge
CeuLs scauas gs_ggss Coeu. g _mz o
_ gcu _sou OsaeL sLLLu qegu zao _
gc_u a _ _so_u OsaeL ugOgaeguas ze
sLLLasc C_ae cssLLLcce.
goez gg euOoc sao_ga ussc sLLLsseosq
_ssa_gou Osa__g uLucoauc us_ geuaae
oa_sesea CugOsaessgasc ceLe_s seCLau.
S. 4. eggs g
1. 4. I. oq
eeo uggu _eeo neq oessec ussc neLe.
_ssauas Csageu, Lao, _m, Lac, ue, sLc _eu
uggu _Lego _sae neqL OLacscas g_e.
g _mzqu CLmoeuL_u _oscg mLLuae neoas
g_g.
1. 4. z. s:
L_g uggu suLc _eLsec _cg_e.
ggLaeLsc Oua_ea_aCza gsme _ssa ocsuas
g_g. cceuaae _eLsCc n_ge. _esc CuCo
ge CLaeg _eLu C_ CoL CLaeg _eLeau
_cg_e. OLesc _eoCuc mg CLaeg _euL
OsaeL _eLsec _cg_e.
1. 4. 1. +o1om
uussc usqu gasms_gc gaLLu OsaeLo
scaug_e. o _au ueeu eo_gg_e. _g__gc
_e Lu, Ooeso__ac _e seeau, nLCaasL
L_ge. OLes_u gasms_gc gaLLu Osaeg_e.
1. 4. 4. _oomsom
_asu, Oocc, m__ec CLaeg nCoasasceac
OeaLLLL _csoesec _cogc _ssao_gc
OLes_u uqg_ _ouOsaeg_e ceLe_u
_zaosc oLL_gsege. _g__geac _e _csoe
s_u mum _caLLLLe. s___c, oecac, Cuagzu
uggu sa_csc _saeo _ssa _csoescaqu.
30 31
1. 4. s. 0n+_ 6n+
LseLssasc q oesaae egzasu _saeo
OLagoae OLa_gCLassas g_g. g_aLLu usqu
mLLu ncc_as g_g. _gq Lo LseLssasc
nLCaasssLLLLe. CoLeLaaoggu uqg_ _ou
Osaeg_e. q_ge_sc scueeac OLaueusc Oeg
mecaaea. Lgeosc ocLLggu _ou saLus
sege. q Coec Lgeoseco eeeLuL mL
_e_LLa_g us_o _eLggsss au.
1. 4. o. 0nooms [sm
OLesce oa_ses OLmgu Cueeu _eLggg_g.
_es_sq gszas eu nmeusecL OLes_u e__aa_gc
OLggg_e. _a_O_o ogLaL_eg g_g ceg
_gsCgau. gCo OLesc usqu CLaggLLLLasc
ceL_gqo eaegaqu.
1. 4. . 6n+m; 0q+:1q
uaL oeCa _ssauae CLasqoz_go ea_eua
LaeL__LLLLg.
1. 4. 8. @]q :mosm _:om 0omqm
gg_ nLeo _Lssu Oeogc _eg oesaae
ogsecL meLgge. __oao_as gg_ nLeoL
e___e. zeLao_as cm__ nLoe ca LasasecL
e___e. _egao_as gg_ nLcsec saL moaq
scL_gc mL m_oas g_g. e gaeua=c
(Sir. John Marshall) aggLL zeLaog og_egsCc
OLmgu L_ss_gc g_g.
1. 4. 9. m_mm
cg_ oesaae u_go_egeaL LaeL_geasc
ceLg O_coas _ga _amceo. Lm_u
CoLmeoue _ssa_go_e_ _gggg_e.
S. . Gsgsgs sgs gg
us oco _eLg_ Oua_e_aCza uggu _zLLa
_sa gszascc oa_g_ ussce OLaca_az oa_ses
_egsCc __gqo eaegaqu. _ogegs _sseL O_agc
uggu oacsu _saeogge _ouas _gCoau.
1. s. I. mmo+mm
moeaau _oscg __eeuaae_ O_agoas
_euggg_g. Csageu, Lao, _m, L_g uggu
sasgsc _saogegL Lu Oe_e. soLeL ue
nLCaas_e_ _gggg_e.
1. s. z. mrmm+om
_ssauas Ls, cg, ceu, Oeuug _, Oocca
uggu qLLsu _saogeg oc_g og_e ceLe_
_zaouc C_ae c__ __gezsc _ouass saeoau.
osc qgezsecL Lgg _gggssmceo.
1. s. 1. 6mrs:m+qm
OLa_gCLasq uLueg oa_ses_ C_eoueeL
OLgo_gsasqu CoLeLaa_eo CugOsaeLe.
usasce C_ac, _ uggu cgu _saogeg oacsu
Oe_e. ue m__gu usqu OLa OLggg_g.
1. s. 4. _[m 0mqm
ggggu, Og_gu ussceLCa L_ss_gc g_e
ceLe_ _s_oazaoue eaegsc c_gs saLsege.
L_gu, moaqsce C_acs_u _eL Ogo_gqL
LaeL__LLLLe.
1. s. s. mrn+o:+om
gg euOoc ussc uLLaeLasc _aamLLgc usqu
C_o OLggg_asc. _eo essz_geac OeaLLLLe.
32 33
_ec sL eoLL_gsae La_gzu, OLacsec
CeuLL_gsae La_gzu CLaege OeaLLLLe. _gLe
Oeu, Oocc, m__ec uggu dasae _sa nCoasasecs
Osae CoeoLLa _eug_ La_gzaseco Oe_e.
1. s. o. 6m+o+o_m q+n 0n+_mo_m
_asu, Oocc, m__ec CLaeg nCoasasecL
LaeL_ge. _s_oazaouc sem__eoscc
OLuLaoaeeo Oeu uggu Ooeso__ac
OeaLLLLeosc _qu. osc qCoec ume
nLCaas_e_ _gaauc ggsss au.
1. s. . m+oom
L_asao gasmsu, _eeL gas_Le Osaeg_
o__s_e_ c_gezssgg. _ssauas gcsc o__s_gc
LaeL__LLLLe. sCumaamc o qgLmLL OLacsc
semssLLLLe. _eo gg euOoc uss_eLae_L
CLaeCg g_g. g om gasceLCa o__su
geLOLggg ceLe_ ngg Oesgg. Cugsaa
gas_L_u o__su geLOLggccg. OLuLagu g
ogsCc o__s_ggq LaeL__LLLLe.
1. s. 8. _mmom
oacs_ggq _zassc ceLssgsc _saogegL
LaeL_ge. o Lssgsc _gs ceL OsaeLeo.
_ogeg OLma sugegs sLCa gss _u. ga
ceLssgsee ges maaLamsc nLCaasLL_ge. _gLe
gc_e_ _cLL_gq _ _egsc LaeL__LLLLe.
goezuc gg euOoc ussc usqu _ss_ouae
OLaca_az gLosessec CugOsae oa_mc OLmgu
CuuLa _eLggg_e ceLe_s seCLau.
S. 0. eJ
_s_oazaouc seL__ LcCog oesaae
eos_u __gezs_u ggeuOoc ussc euaLLgg
_gsu OsaeLosc ceLe_ Legeaggsege. _gsL
Laae eos_u, scueeac _e OLaueus_u (Terro-
Cotta) osc noogLaLc _gsu gumses
OsaeLosc ceLe_ gusq ne_gsege.
1. o. I. q+m mgn+
_a ogLa uussce euaoa_mc OLu Laq
os__g. _zLLamc seL__ us geL __gezue _ou
_a_ O_o_ge no_e_ gau _gaoau.
1. o. z. m mgn+
uussc oee ogL_eo _as_sqc L_ssuass
Osaessoau. _zLLamc seOL__ __gez qegc
oe CLaeg nou OLagssLLLcce_ _gsCgau.
_g _eg _sasecs OsaeL sLqc Caas geouc
_uggLLg CLaoqu __eeo sgg aaee, o uggu
ceu CLaeg moaseasc g_ggLLg CLaoqu
_euggccg. g o_sqma g_s, LsLg uggu
usaCaas ce_u _ueasec ne_gsege.
1. o. 1. mm+ mgn+
__gezsc _ou gusq O_mog gg euOoc
ussceLCa moaq ogLa g_g O_ma osgg.
oogLaLeL _eg oesaasL mmssoau __oao_as
Lag ue_e neos OsaeLe. zeLao_as, _ggg
Osacc _aa_e, _egao_as neeuaae moaqsce
noasecs OsaeL_asqu _euggcce.
34 35
1. o. 4. [1mgn+
_zuL sao __gOsaeCL ggsc e_uaeeoaasCo
s_LLLLe. Oua_e_aCza mc semssLLLL OLma
gza_c ceg o_ssu ussce euaoa_mc g uso gg_
_ssa_gou oag__ass s_LLLLg. euao eLaqsec
_zumLL_gq _e _eeeo s__LL_gs Osaco_gsas
gza_c o_ss_gc gg oggccg.
1. o. s. m;mgn+
semssLLLL __gez qegc sLqc qo
uzas_sq gCo LLg CLac _gmssLLLccg.
Cugu Cou CLaeg uzasc e_uaeeoaas
s_LLLLe.
1. o. o. _1ms m[_m 0_nq mgn+
Lo __gezscc essz_u, sougs (Wheel and
Swastika) LLe_s Osae gma sLqec ussc
ogLLL_as_ O_msgg. C_ CLaeg OgLsqma sLqec
ogL_eou _gaoau.
1. o. . mnsoom
ussc Lo gumsessecs Osaeg_asc ceL_g
sae __azas_u _s_oazaouc seL_gcce.
goez gau L__ Lo Oegscae uzu, g, gmae
OgL uggu moaqsc _saogeg ogL_c ce_u
ages ogLa g_g.
S. 1. s
__gezsce oauoas gau oscg seo
g@ssasec sae agu. _e O_ou, OLe O_ou,
LcCog oesaae moaqsc _saogge noasc
OLagssLLLcce. ueLaeLascc aL usasce
noasc OLagssLLLLcce. __gezsc, _g__geagu,
sgsceagu uggu scueeagu OLagssLLLcce.
meo ugss_aa_ sgsc gesscc LgssLLLLe. Cugu
osc ee uggu gLe_gc _gs gaLLuOsaeg_e.
Ooeso_geaoae gLeuagme eo osce
nee_uaeL LeLLLaggeos saLsgg.
S. 8. _ggs
_zaouc semssLLLL c__gsec _gz
c__g ceCga _cog seOe__g oes ceCga
qgLmLoau. __eLa oou ceeOoeg sae
aomceo. c__gsc Lugg oouae q omugu,
oougg Luasqu c__LLLcce. eo sCuma, csLg
_sa c__gs_sq O_aLeLae CLao saeLLsege.
=zasL Lagmaa gg euOoc c__gs_u, Ouagu _uC_
ceg agcca. osce c__g_eg _gz
c__g_eg _qu. (Pictography)
S. s. ggG gsssggm gq
gga gasms_gc uso ggg mcasa ggOoc
gasmsu _gg__gsae sazeasc Lo ncce.
. gg _ggc ggLLL Oocc__ac ggszu __susss
au.
z. _s_oazaoeue CLag seL__ ue_ cgus
asec _zag_ _gsc _eosce Cuc
saeLLu e_qsc CLas saoasc ce _q
Oesege. _gga LeLOaL geLOLggss
Coeu.
OLaca_az m_oueac ussc Lu OLagg gaLeL
mLo Oeegssoau. _masc oesaac Lo uaggasc
ggLLLe. _ogge mecoac gsz gasmsu _gggssoau.
36 37
ggaas ggeuOoc gasms_ggqu Co_sao
gasms_ggqu ncc Coggeusec g. gaeuaec
(Sir. John Marshall) ceLo _seLoag agsga.
. gg euOoc gasmsu _LLeLuc gsz gasmsu
_qu. _eac Co_sao gasmsCua _LLeLuc szau
gasmsuaqu. gg euOoc ussc moeaa_e_u,
oacs_e_ __eeuaae O_agoass Osaeg_e.
Co_sao ussCca gaCLascas g_e.
z. gg euOoc ussc no ogLaLc gumses
OsaeLosc. _a ogLa o ogLa uz ogLa
uggu moaq ogLa _sa ogLaseco
Oe_osc. _eac Co_sao ussCca no
ogLaLeL CLaggmceo. osc agesea
ogLLLe. g, OgL, _saau, gmae _saogeg
ogLLLe. _osc OgLmgq _ssa_gou
Osa__e. _eac gg euOocueac _ooag
Oeamceo.
. ggeuOocue _ggguas ume nLCaas_e_
_gggssmceo. _eac Co_sao_ge _zuL_gc
_asu, _auzu _saogeg nLCaasLL_ge.
gaceLmc Oocc, u uggu Ooesou
_saogeg nLCaasLL_gea.
+. qgezsce _ssa_gou uggu __e LaeLa
_saogeg gg euOocue neggssmceo.
_eac Co_sao_geCza, qgez uggu Ls
_saeos_sq _ssa_gou Osa__e.
. gg euOocue c__qu, c__g _egu
sggg_e. __eac seo uggu soaeaz_gc CuCoaas
g_e.
S. 10. @gg msqgg ggG gsssggm
Gss
L_euu OLeuu oag_ ggOoc gasmsu
ggaL LeLaLgq meou _ma OsaeLsec
o_asccg.
. ggOoc ussce gasmsu q gg_ gsz gasmsu
_qu.
z. gg Ooc gasms sao_gc C_aega gszasce
ooeuL eega gszasce _euLeLs saLgu
CuuLLL_as g_g.
. gszu uas _eLoe_ _mss seeau sacoasc,
gsme qgsqL g_gc _eussLLLL_as _gsCgau.
es gusq Les ceLe_ neggg_e ceLe_
oOeac gusq ne_gsgg.
+. gg Ooc ussc _aug gg_ Csauguceo ceLe_
nosgao Oeu OLaL _aogLaLee
CugOsaeLe.
. _ma moaseuae qgegs Osau cg Lgg
os_sq O_mggg_g. scueeac _e qgegs
Osau cge OLaueusc seL_gcce. Cugu
_osc g_ qgegs Osau cgee O_ouas
CLagg oease.
o. osce seo_ggee Ooeso_goae gLeuage
eo nosgao Oesgg.
38 39
g mss
_. 1_ m1omm ms:mm
. ggOoc gasms_e_ nosga Oe_o aa
z. ggOoc gasms saou cg
. ggOoc gasms ussc eu Lgg ag.
+. ggOoc ussce OLa_g CLassee ags.
. ggOoc ussce c__g _eg aag
o. ggOoc ussce geo aag
. ggOoc ussce u_go _gmee qgLms.
a. ggOoc ussce _csoesec qgLms.
@. q_ n[ _mmm _mm n m1o_ mo+mm
ms:mm
. ggOoc ussce e__aa oa_mee c_gs. _zLLa
gasms_ge _gmgsae sazeasc aaeo
z. ggOoc ussce neL, neq Lgg c_g.
@. q_ no _mmm _mm qnn m1o_
mo+mm ms:mm
. ggOoc gasms Oua_ea_aCza, _zLLa gszasc Lgg
mom.
z. ggOoc ussce euau Lgg mom.
. ggOoc ussce seouee mom.
+. ggOoc ussce OLaca_azu Lgg c_gs.
. ggOoc ussc ggaL LeLaLgq _c__
OsaeLuee mom.
o. +s no+o_ mo+mm ms:mm
. ggOoc gasmsu Lgg mom_g c_gs.
40
4. 0gJs ggJ
qsmJs ssmQJ
msQ gs
4. 1. 0gJ - Ges sJ, @Js
Co_u ceg Oeac mq (Vid) ceg euus_o Oeacoe
_aasL mgg_g. Co_u ceLg _gq cegu O_mso
g_eesc gzuLL OLggeuaac e_ _gq cequ
OLac OsaccLLsgg.
_ugc m_ ceg Oeac me_ ceg OLaec_ _sgg.
me_aaeg _egaas ocgg OLma uzuas __gs sa_g
qgaqog CLac Co_asc ue_ oa_me _ee_g_
gegscgu _eus uggu _c neeo ocLLeoas
ncce.
Co_asc _egCa ms, ag, eauu, __oeu ceg
gaeq _qu.
oCo_asc C_aega saou, ne_gu _ma s_gsc,
ossaasc ussce oa_ses _eg uggu nama
LeLaL Oggsecs saeCLau.
4. I. I. Gmq o+mu
gg Oocgasms_ggqLme __gq _gggu uagLLL
szau gasmsu ggaamc Coqegag. _gq m_gLLosc
_masc. _o. oscg _msu Lgg LcCogLLL
s_gsc goqsege. u_ga _aamogg ggaame
oLCugCs ncc esL uggu CLaoe seoasc ogaas
og_osc ceLg OLuLaCoa s_g. aaeu og_osc
gC_a _masc ceLLLLe.
41
4. I. z. @1m m1qqu
ggaamc _masc gg uggu saeso euOocuc
ogg qCag geoaas oa_g_e. OegLLae goLLqgu,
ogga_ g oc_u _oscg oa_sessq oceu Ce__g.
_masc qCaga LLqg _ma o__u ceg
_e_ssLLLLg.
ggaa _masce Lae_uc geLCLaLs
Osaeg_ euau Co_asc C_aege. ssaoCu Co_
saou ce _e_ssLLsgg. L_euaae ms Co_u
C_aega saou _gga Co_saou cequ ugg Co_asce
C_aggu uggu ossau ocg_ sao_e_L mge_a
Co_saou cegu o_aqo.
4. I. 1. Gmq @mm+om
Co_ ossaasc usqu CLaggL LagsassLLL
Coea, usqu _ssauae ugLcc _masce _ma
OsaeLaaqu. omossaasc _uzssessae
_escas uss_sq gcog saL LeLaLee
oc__e. _gq, suu, ogLa ceLe Co_ ossaasc
ne_gu _ma neeuscaqu. ogeg mmoass
saeCLau.
ossaasc - oesLLa
. eu_e_sc - Samhitas
z. mzaueasc - Bramhanas
. _zeasasc - Aranyakas
+. nLgL_asc - Upanishads
. sg uggu uug - Sruti and Smruti
o. Co_asc - Vedas
ce oesLL_g mmoass saeCLau.
4. 1. J. 1. nm_._a
_gqs s_ouas_ gs_oe. ogge geeaac
_ssao ussce _zac, OLaca_az, e_s, eua oa_ses
_egsec _ga _sgg. qoOoa Co__ggqu
_e__eCa eu_e_sc ncce. oggc ms Co_
eu_e_sc usL L_euaaeeo. ms Co_ eu_e_eas
Osae _gsao Co_ sao LeLaLeL mmoas _gaoau.
mg Co_asce eu_e_sc oauoas mgsao Co_sao
ussce oa_ses geo uggu LeLaLo gLmee
_gaoau.
eu_e_sc ceLe ggLLaLcsc, ogLaL _egsc,
Cocms_ssae g_gzasc, _saogegs OsaeL
O_aqLLaqu. Cocms saoascc eo __euaas
LaeLLLe. __oe Co_ eu_e_ uLu mco, geau,
meas, uggzs sL ceLeogegs agsgg.
4. 1. J. 2. o;omoa
Co_ uggzas_ssae mcssqezLe c__LLLL
Lqgsc mzaueasc _qu. Co_ascc ncc
ggLLaLcs_sqma nezgeL gcsc ceoau. euao
eLaqsc, Cocmsc Lgga mcssas_u _ogego Oeu
_egs_u ncce. Czas_s_sq emaae ogeas saLL
eo OLmgu n_qsege.
4. 1. J. J. _;uaoa
_eugaass saLgqo Oeeg _aq sgg_ O_mgg
Osacc Coea Oegsecs OsaeLeuaac
_zeasasc ceg OLa OLgge. Cocmseco Oea
aoa_ _gaosc, ggmsc gq OLgg saLgqo Oeeg
mee sgL_gsas noaeeo. oggc Cocmea mL
_eugaae gaaeCu usqu Cuoaeg ceg
oog__LLsgg. _g_g Oggsc uggu __gos s_gsc
42 43
_Lasa s_gL OLLLsu ceoau. _masc _eus_
geguc _eLg_ LeLaLe nee_ geoea
c_gssaLoeoaqu.
4. 1. J. 4. zqz_oa
Co_asce eazCu nLgL_u cegac _g uesaasag.
_masce _eus, euas s_gsec eo momssege.
egoe _eua, nosu, sumee, _sg CLaeg
s_gsec _zagg O_coae mcssasec nosgq
_cssege. Cugu uegOLac, aeasec mcsqsege.
nos Lg_ Laeasceeg mLL m CLggee _eLa
aeu C_eo ceLe_ mcsqsege. LzuOLacasa
mzuue qeCg ceg s_e_u geogaLsgg. gg__a_
zoo nLgL_as_sq Cuc ncce.
4. 1. J. 3. a__ m_m m__
a__a
Oem ogCa CsL nezL OLgg Oegsce O_aqL
sg ceLLu.
_masc sao_gc c__g_eg coaeuaac
ueLLaLuasCo ossaasc oggssege. geeoaggc
ogaas ou _gqs s_ouas og_eo g_gzasc. eo
Co_asce q Lqg _co. Co_asCca Ogasa
ngqeLaeo. eo _eg oesLLu. _eoaaoe.
_i q_u q[;u: - _masce gumsessecs
agsegg.
_i 0;mqq q[;u:- g aasasc uggu eLaqsc
Oeu _egsecs agsegg.
i _pm q[;u: - g _masce oa_eos
agsegg.
m__a
eo nag_ nccasce g_ee_ O_aqLsc
g_gzasc, _u eaugzasc, gsaeasc, zaeasc ceLe
uugscaqu. eo c__L OLggeo. gc _u eaugzu
ceLg eLLu, e__aa geL_egsec momssege. LcCog
eags sLeusecu, LcCog ggoeasecu
t_euLseci mcsqsege. geL_eg oa_mc qggu,
qggas_sqma _eLee _eg, usCog (adoption),
uzmeuaas Oea_e_ OLgu eLL nmeusc
momssLLLcce.
4. 1. J. . qo. c_oa
Co_u ceLg Lgga s_gsec _eeCz _ggC_au.
oCo_asc q qgLmLL sao_gc c__LLLmceo.
eo LcCog mqscac LcCog sao_gc c__LLLLeo.
o _gsc eo s._. oooc O_aqssLLLLeoOaegu
Cog o s._. zooosqu ooosqu eLLLLL sao_gc
O_aqssLLLLeo cegu agsege. __oc C_aegag
ms Co_u cequ mg Co_ascasa ag, eauu, __oeu
mee C_aegae cegu agsgasc.
_) oa c_m - (Rig veda)
usLL_euaaegu __oc C_aegag ceg OLeuu
OsaeLg. g L_g ueLoasecu oza gs_asecu
OsaeLg. _se, oee, ggze CLaeg O_oasecL
Lgga qgL saeLLsgg. g s. _. zooc
c__LLLssoau ce_ O_msgg.
_) u_o c_m - (Yajur veda)
oCo_u geL_eg eLaqsc, Cocms_ssae
LaLcsecs OsaeLg. g sso ag Co_u, sqe
ag Co_u ce_u mmqsecs OsaeLg. +o
__gaaaasecs OsaeLg.
44 45
_) nom c_m - (Sama veda)
g oss_ ce_u q qgLmLL Czas_scac
LaLLOLgg LaLcsce O_aqLLaqu. g +s LaLcsecs
OsaeLg cequ eeCaa egoee ggLL_gsae LaLc
O_aqL cequ ago.
e) __o c_m - (Atharvana)
g mzuuCo_u ceLLu. g LaLcsecs Osae
zo Lqgscas nccg. g noeaLeu uag#su CLaegoggac
)aesgsecu cgmsecu Ooeg nos_gc Oogg OLgu
ogsecs agog ceoau.
4. I. 4. nGmq+om - (Upa vedas)
qoOoa Co__u nLCo_asecs qgLmsege.
_eo gaeq. _ Co_u, __ Co_u, sag_o Co_u,
cL Co_u ceLeoaqu.
_i @1Gmqu:- ms Co__ge nLCo_u. g ugg,
_oes CLaegogegs qgLmsegg.
@i q_1 Gmqu:- ag Co__ge nLCo_u. g
CLasseoea mozuass agsegg.
@i o+|q1m Gmqu:- eau Co__ge nLCo_u. g ee,
gLeu, _sa geseosec mcsqsegg.
oi mn Gmqu:- __oe Co__ge nLCo_u. g sLLLs
seoea momssegg.
4. z. ggss 0gss msQ
usLL_euu OLeuu oag_ ms Co_sao_gc
oa_g_ ussce _zac, OLaca_az e_s, eua oa_ses
- _eg uggu usscg ossa seo CuuLaLeLu
qgLLC_ LeLaLe OocLLa _qu.
4. z. I. _;mm _sunq
ggaamc qCaga _masc ssao_gc Lo
q_sscasL mm_g CogLLL Lascc oa_g_e.
sq_ss_sq gea ceg OLa. qoOoa geamgqu
g _zee g_ae. _oe OLagoas zage
cege_ssLLLLae. _ze nmeu OLuLagu LzuLez og
ogg Osaeg_g. o euaascc gg_ _zee _ze
uggu mzssc quL_gogg C_q OeaLLLLae.
4. 2. 1. 1. _;uua ooa
quLu _cog qou ceLg g _ze g O_aqg.
__e _eooe uoc cege_ssLLLLae. Lo
quLasc Ceg_g spaww. __e _eooe spawc
ceg _e_ssLLLLae. Lo szauasc Cegg o cequ
Lo mqssc Ceg_g q geu cegu _e_ssLLLLg.
_gsazu:- _zeeLu gg, gg _sa zeu g_e.
_zesc emaas aasa_ CLag _osec moss
_qg_osec C_gO_squ _gsazu uss_sq g_g.
_ze_sq n_o _euoesc gaussLLLLe. _euoesc
_ze_sq LcCog gegscc _gqez ag gcogsaL
gcoaL geLOLg n_me.
4. 2. 1. 2. _;n n.za
_zeeg _gsaz ozu sw_, eLa ceg
_eosce sLLLaLc g_g. _zee _ae mumaoag
cg_ _qu css_aa_ geo g_g.
4. 2. 1. J. nm_ e._m nzzm.m
OLagoas ussc uegu eug ceg _e_ssLLLLg.
ussc ueg_gc sogg Osacogu, _gc s_gsec
moag_g _qCugOsacogu _zeee sLeuaas
s_LLLLg. Cugu _zeee C_gO_LLgu __e _ssa
Lcscc qeg ceg CLzama Oguoac agsga.
46 47
4. 2. 1. 4. nzo e. __cuoo _.
_gCaasc _cog mzssce _eoaas g
mcasag. eLame aLLasec eLLueg _eguc
aLLLLLLe. _zac uggu _zac _coa_ OLagoa_q
_egsec geL_egLL__ n_mag.
gg:- _zeCe gg o_aqoe_L OLag__uLc
nagC_aeas_ gs_g_ae. qggasc qeggg saeLLLLe.
seuaaes qggas_sq uze _eLeeu, o
qggas_sq eg_ _eLeeu _Lza__u mgssLLLLe.
4. z. z. oq+m [sm
4. 2. 2. 1. mzm
ms Co_ sao_gc ussc szauascc oa_g_asc.
e__aa_gc uso ga agae quLCu oa_me _LLeL
_oq. qoOoa quL_ggqu _squL_ge ___oCe
_eooeas g_ae. _oe s__w_ cege_ssL
LLLae. _ogsecs seLLgu euao eLaqsec Oeg
gcoa_q oa_ogu quL_ _eooee sLeuaas
s_LLLLg.
4. 2. 2. 2. Jza q.a
e__aa_gc OLesc ugLu umaae_u ussoza
g_e. gueu geuaae_asqu, e_uae_asqu
mmss _aa_ qegasqu ug_g CLaggLLLLg. q_ge_
ueu ceo. m_eo ueu __mssLLLLg. eg _cog
nLesLeLCagu o_ssu ceo. usce gue_e_
_ocg eemeeL OLgCg OLgCga __g eo__e.
ssao usc_gqu LeLau qaCs _euaL
OLggoza mcase.
4. 2. 2. J. aa
scm oaOuagaasCo _eug_g. scm uaeome
nLc, nu ogge ocosq og Oe_g. scmue
qgsCsac CLzgq _cog mCLgeg _eLog ceg nama
geo g_g.
4. 2. 2. 4. , .z
_masc cceuaae oa_eo CugOsaeLe.
Csageu __oae _aeaasc, L_oessc, Lac, OoeOe,
_u, C_e CLaegeo _oscg neqL OLacscaqu.
Cocms sao_gc _mLasuas egoeau, Ceau, sza
Laeasecu _gge.
L_g, nCzauu, uaeC_ac, suLcu CLaegoggac _e
_eLsec _cg_e. OLagoas _eLea ougzu
cege___e. _aeLea gm cegu CuoaeLea
_goau cegu _e___e. OLagoas _eoLLaes
_cg_e. __sa _ CoeoLLa OsaeL, _as
CoeoLLaLeug_ _eLsec mum _cg_e.
4. 2. 2. 3. .uozm Jzo__czoam
C_, qgezL Lg_au, g_aLLu, gLeua_c, eeLa_c
_ssao ussce OLa_g CLasqo Oeacscas g_e.
ees smsce Laee _osc _gggg_e.
4. z. 1. 0n+_m+q+; [sm
CocaeeuCa _ssa O_agoas g_g. Csageu,
Lao, Ogc, L_g, ceOe m_gssc CLaegogeg
LumLLe. gLLaee_ggqma g segsc, sacoasc,
gmsc _ou OLgLLLLg. ussc OLuLagu ue_eaCa
gum g_e. cgsec gs__uc ee_g go_e_
geq n_g mecgouassL LumLLe.
48 49
LseoL e_uae_ O_oOue ug_gL CLaggL
Lagsa__e. sacgeL oc__c oscg ugOga
O_agoaqu. qozg Oeco_ge ugL _o OLggg_
Lsssce cecseseau _ogge LaeLasecu
_LLeLaass Osae ugLmLLLLLg. mscc Lsssc,
cgsc, qgezsc, _sc, s_e_sc, gasc __oae
mL moaqscas ocssLLLLe.
4. 2. J. 1. J_om, a_m
ssao_gc Cocaeeuea_ _mz mg O_agcsecu
oacs_e_u ussc CugOsaeLe. LeLuagg _eg
o_ss_gc g_g. e_uae Lsmee _cq Csaoass
Osae LeLuagg oacsu gLg_g. ocsu OLu Lqg
_ez ogCa geLOLggg. sLc ocs_e_u _gggg_e.
sLLcsecu, LLqsecu CLasqoz_ggqu, ocs_ggqu
LaeL_ge. _ssao_gc OLagOsaco, _oe, sua,
Ogeoac ce Lo O_agc mCoa oa_gg gg_e.
4. z. 4. oumu
oscg euau cceuaaeg. agesea O_ouas
ogLLLe. oaeu, gmae, ggze, oa oee, mgm
CLaeg ceegg sLqcsec ogLLLe. _masc
O_oasec,
_i me@os_ O_oasc
_i LeueLo_ O_oasc
i ue@os_ O_oasc
ce oesLL_ge. O_oasec us_mss
Cocmseco Oe_e. Lac, Og, _aeaasc, uaueu, Ceaua
ce_u Laeu __oaeogeg sLq_sq sacsesaasse.
ue_ nusecL Louu o_ssu ceo. _oaasc
g__as eaegsc ceo. CuaLe_e_ _eLa sLqec
oeas Cocmseco Oe_e.
OLagoas aguL_g _masc agesCaa eag_
oa_q CugOsaeLe. cceuu Cgeuu egequ
ussoza_ gs_g_e. gcoa_q oa_gg ggse _eLoe_
_u oa_me nama qgsCsacass Osae oa_g_e.
4. S. gss 0gss msQ
O_aLssu:- ms Co__e__ O_aLgg eau, ag,
__oe Co_as_u ossao Oegquss eu_e_sc
mzaueasc, _zeaasc, nLgL_asc C_aeg LeLaLeL
naoeLao Oe_ saoCu mgsao Co_ saouaqu.
4. 1. I. @mmu
ssao_gc C_aega ossaasec mmoas __oc
seCLau. Cugu Co_ _asasc ceg _gu C_aeg
ocoaeLg_e.
_i Lee - ceLLu qouac
_i scLu - ceLLu eLasac, eua q_ssu
i maaszeu - ceLLu osseu
=i gs_u - ceLLu Oeacoass mcssu
ni CgagLu - ceLLu oaegc
mi eg_u - ceLLu . ceg _gaqu.
4. 1. z. _;mm s
_aaLCa Co_ sao gguc geoaae _L
_egaas _eug_g. _zsmeu LzuLez og og_g. _azs
_eg OLuLagu g_ CLaggu o Lqgscc qaaL
_egeas sae _g_g. _zesec_ C_q Oeu
_egu g__as o _gsc agsgasc. _zesc
uqg_ _gsazu OLggg_agu _oscg _gsaz_ggq
o _eLs_u, ogsaL Oggs_u saeLLLLe. eug, eLa
_euLs_u saeLLLLe.
50 51
4. J. 2. 1. _.mnnoa_m _aoa_m
ssao_gc _ze_sq_ gee maqu gcog saLLqu
_euoesc uggu _goosc cecses OLsag.
_oggc o.
Czas_, s_o__a, omogoLCLa, C_CzaL,
_zeuee _s mee, LeL__eoo, szauc, eLLg
tgg szauasec _cCoai, eLoe - t_euoei ceCLa
ozao.
4. J. 2. 2. [__.
_zesc gg o_aqogc _ssa OLagL ggge.
Osaeos qggu seuaae_as s_LLLLg. _ggu
mzaueezs Osaeo Oeog OLaqgguas s_LLLLg.
_ze_gCzasu uss seuaae_as s_LLL uze
_eLee mgssLLLLg. o ssoae o_sqsec uee
eLame gee Osae )LLc__a.
4. J. 2. J. _ou
_gsao Co_ sao_gc usscLugg _egaae om
ogossLLL mceo. ssao_gc _g zassLLLLg.
omgoss L_g_e ceg _goo gaussLLLLa.
__oe Co___c agLLLLLg CLac ooauc _gc
q Laq _aeauasCoa moaqscasCoa ogossLLLLg.
4. 1. 1. oq+m [sm
ssao_gc eagL LaqLa O_agc _LLeLuc
saeLLLLg. _eoaaoe. mzaue, p_ma, eoa,
g_gz _qu.
4. J. J. 1. o;omoa
scm sgLg, euao eLaqsc Oeog, OoqugsecL
OLgog, e__aa_ggq gcog saLog. nos geeussas
egoee gaaeLLg oscg oa_mac q_ssu.
4. J. J. 2. __ouoa
gaLeL _cogu, gaLeLs saLLgu os_sqma
sLeusc. mzu OLaggaozau __g_eeu
neLCaazasqu gs_g_e. _eeou s_auc mgezs
sasqu sLeu neq ussosc.
4. J. J. J. .uuoa
oacs_ggu, OLacuac gLosesscgu =La
neLaosc. Cgeuaae oacsu Oeg _goguc
OLacLoe_ qgsCsacass Osae oa_g_e.
4. J. J. 4. ___;;oa
__c _eg mmmes_squ Coea Lcseco
Oe_c, go_e_ n_g Lum_c oscg Lcscaqu.
_usq LLLLL Lcea gegCogg ne oa_u ss
oa_sesea __Lm__e.
4. 1. 4. @;u s
ue_ee geg oa_q ceLg gg _escas
s_LLLLg. __eaCoCa OLmCaasc _ogsqu CLag
euus__gc =_uaeu Log e_u - cegac gg -
ggaesc oa_oaaasl ceg oa__gsege.
ggggaesao oa_q gaeq Lqgscas _cog geoscas
mmssLLsgg. _ee _zuu ceg qgLmLLe. _eo
_egCa
i. mzuuoeau i. oeL mzu_u
zi. sz_u_u +i eggaaeu ceLeoaqu.
4. J. 4. 1. o;mmnnoum
_eeLss geo _cog uaeoL Lou _ma
s_sqs sLLL _os_sq LcmeLsec Oeg
52 53
Lueg euao eLaqsec Oeg geeL_e_ neLaoza
gs_u uaeoL LoCu mzuuoemau.
4. J. 4. 2. a;__m
cog oa_mc =LL _gu mg_auc _ae _uaseco
Oeg oa__c, ussec OLgOg_g scm sL, geeeo
_eLao Oe_c. _os_sq ueu Oem_g gcoa_q
oa_o Oeoguae saou. L_e_ggsq CugLL
guLgsq nLLLL saou.
4. J. 4. J. .zo;_m
cog oa_mc sLeusec _egaaso Oeg ___me
ueemLe saLgq Oeeg _o oa_mee CugOsac__c.
OLacaeeea _ggu gg__gu Lae Lg_ascogg
LLLaas mL_gu. ssao_gc _gg Coea
sLeuscaqu. sass age ggog oa_sessq
_a__LL_g_c _qu. guLg oaggq Cuc c_L_e_gg
oagsq nLLLL saouaqu.
4. J. 4. 4. n[quonm
Lg_ Laeasceeg mLL _eee o_g ggq
CugOsac__c. ssao_gc Lu mL Lu Oeeg nLc
ss_e__ gggg, sLqec gaaeLLgu, _ae _gg_
neeusecu ggsecu uss_sq ag_gu _qu. eua
oa_mc ussec =LLo Oe_c. _ggu ggg_ geoCa
eggaaeuaqu. c_L_e_gg oaggq CugLLL saou.
4. 1. s. q[un m+gpu uosu
_eugaae quL oa_Co ssao_ge gg_ _ueu.
soL ueasc gggs OsaccLLL mceo. Lo_az ueu,
oz_Leee _eg, q_ge_ ueu, eg ce_u
nLesLeLCagu o_ssu CLaeg _ogae _egsc
e__aa_gc g_e. qCz L_ggu ngq _egugu
gueu Oeog _ssLLLLg.
4. J. 3. 1. mao q.a
usc nascm OLggo ma _gqLe gs_g_e. sas,
eu_Czu CLaeg OLeLac __go aesc oa_g__as
_gsCgau. ce_u usc _Losq euuaeozas
s_LLLmceo. OLe usme mgL OLu Co_ee
_o_asqu _eusee mgL _cmcoa us_o
_o_asqu s_LLLLg. OLesc e_o eLaqsc
Oeaqu, Co_asecs sgsqu __ugacssLLLmceo.
Oea_gmeu _cssLLLmceo. sg Ogg CLaggLOLggg.
4. J. 3. 2. , .z m_m Jzo__ czoaa
neq uggu neLuc com_ uagg_u ceo. m
sLu _eguc o uaggasc g_e. ego neLg
CLaggLLLmceo. CeauLae_e_ q seo gzass sg
_gge.
qgezL Lg_au, C_CzaLLL Lg_au, oaLLaLs sm,
ee, gLeu, g_aLLu CLaegeo _ssa Cscsesscas
g_e.
4. 1. o. 0n+_m+q+; [sm
4. J. . 1. co.m
CocaeeuCa ussce _ssa_ O_agoas g_g.
OegLLae euOocL Lqguc _eg eaqL Oe_e.
go_e_ n__c, me_ me___c, _goeL Oe_c CLaeg
Coeosec _mas_u Oe_e. Csageu, Lao, Og
CLaeg _aeaasecL LumLLe. _cogg goasecL
OLgg mzssc g__as _gsCgau.
4. J. . 2. aoa q.z oz
Ls ugLdL _osas_ gs_g_g. ussc OLu
cecsesuc Lsssec eo_gss mume. _zesc
Ls, saecsc, qgezsc _gsu OLg egoee_ gg__e.
54 55
aaeeeau, mLmoasas ocss _aeg_as __oe
Co___ac _gsCgau.
4. J. . J. oa_m J_oa _.pm
O_agc geguc gco _eCeggu saeLLLLg. _oe,
ue mLCLa, n_o, mL Coeo OeCoa, oac Coeo
OeCoa, eeuac O_agc mCoa, aeL_eLCoa, sug
_aamLCLa, C_ OeCoa, _eL OgCoa, eoeo
OeCoa, OLagOsaco, eaauCoa ce Lo O_agc
mCoa oa_g_e. __sa _ CoeoL LaLeug_
_eLsec _cg_e. Ooccueac _aamssLLLL
Looes _csoesec _cg_e. LeLuagg _eguc
oacsu Oe_e. gqsa ceg gaeau o_ss_gc
g__as _gsCgau.
4. 1. . omm s
scmue qgsCsac _eua, egoe _cog
LzuOLac Lgga _geoL OLgoC_ cegg_g. qqos
scm _eguc z _esc _maLe _as scm
Luege _masq Cocmuc n_q_c, sac geLeaL
Lzaum__c, Cugu qmgq Coea neeo C_ o_c
egaeuaa_s sLeuscass s_LLLLe.
scmuc OLu _eCegg_e_ sae_g_g. CLosL
CLaLsc, LL uegasc gL__LLL Lmssc _cssL
LLLe. scm oa_sessq nsg__as LLLaas uaggu
OLggg.
4. 1. 8. oum [sm
ssao_gc eLaqsc, _eu__gos CsaLLasc
ggqgeo CLaegeo eua oa_sesuc uaggasec
C_aggm__e. mzuua, mq@ oe _sa
_u__gsec oease.
4. J. 8. 1. _m
_ou Oeog gLLae_ass s_LLLLg. uee_u,
_euaeou geuL__ _ou OLggee mo_ass
sge. CLzgeou, ue_ _gggsq _LLagLLL
geoeau _eLa _ou n_qo_ass sge.
4. J. 8. 2. ___m
eLaqs_Le __gos s_gs_u OLse. _eua,
egoe, gzsu, ugmgm sumee, Oeassu, mCLg
CLaegeo __go_gc LuOLgge. ussc __esa_
__gos s_gsec negg meLgg ggsgaeLg_e.
_zes_u, _Laacs_u =La Osaeg_e. Cugu
_ __gos s_gsc ocz_ gee mg_e.
4. J. 8. J. _.mom o;mm_m
_eua nume _gaa_ _LLeLsag. o
neeuea nLgL_asc gggsOsacsege. nLgL_asc
eLaqsecu Cocmsecu ggsmceo. _euame
_ssa qgsCsac _gogg LzLmzuu_e_ _eLog. e_
nLgL_uas oassauae __ouu g _ae _g ceLgu
_su mzuuauu gae mzuuu ceLguaqu.
LCLeeuea _eLa nos _ees_u _eo_Cu
_eLscas ncce ceg s_g gomag.
4. J. 8. 4. .., cz_, m_ o
ssao_gc _ozo Oeseg meesCsgL oa_q
_euu ceg s_g gomag. meeaaog gcmee,
)mee ceLLLLg. om meescc gg mLL
mCLgeg _eLoC_ _ssau ce s_LLLLg. ggeo
_eLaa_oez OemeesCsgL ugmgm ne ceg
CsaLLa g_g.
ooag _gsao, mgsao Co_ saoascc seL ussce
oa_ses _egsc eua, __gos CsaLLasc _ssao
ussce LeLaLs s_oascas _euggg_e.
56 57
4. 4. 0gJsm 0mqJ @mgsqJ
4. 4. I. n+;qn nsn+rqs qm @q+;u Gmq+oGm
_i Co_asc saou sLg_eo. ue_ee ugaeo. ue_
euLg_Cu coauc C_aegaeo. c_gssaLLas
maL esg ceg ea_aze esg ue__sq _eeCz
LLg. oesg cooag ceg C_aegaC_a
_gCLao__ae Co_as_u. _g_ ue_ esgsq uga
Co_ neeusecs seLgg_osc _ae mqsc.
_i Co_uasa qouc gg _ae mzLeu - nosu
C_aega_ass s_LLsgg.
i me_ueg_ g__ua noemLL_ac Co_ uggzas_sq
esg ggLsgg ceL_ac _ogegs sa_ac CsL
sgLC_ gg_g. _eaCoCa Co_as_sq sg ceg
OLau C_aegag. Cugu _eac _ae Co_as_sq
c__as scm - c__LLLauc CsL nez__sseo
ce_u OLa gom osgg.
=i Co_asc ceeggeo. _gc gu mqs_sq_
C_aegaeo gaeq.
ni Co_u LcCog neqsec_ geLsaa qosec
neLag. oa_e_scau_u us nag_ OLac
neLaeo. nos oa_ses, _eus oa_ses
zegqu Lae_u nLC_easc Co__gc ne.
qoOoa nuu C_aeg useg oezuc cooag
oa_g_ac uegegeo _eLa _u ceL_gsae_
__goasecs OsaeLg.
mi _eue_ oa_ses, e_s oa_ses, _eue_e e_s_gc
cooag gLgg OsaccCoeu, OLag ussce sLeu
LggOacoau Co_asc mcsscce.
ci _eee__aCe _ggg Osac_u __u LoCu
Co__ge _ssa oLau _qu. ceCo nLgL_asc
ccoa Co_as_u Cegg q OLaec__ae
Oeacsege ceLe_ mcsqsege.
__esa Cueeu OLagga Co__e_s sggegg
gu oa_mc meLgg naoC_ ue_ oa_me qgsCsaca
ss Coeu.
4. 4. z. Gmq+oms @s[msum+su
Co_asc egoe, _eua, noesL Lgg uLCu
agmceo. ogCga Ogasa O_aLeLa ue_ q_ssu
Lggu mmoass agcce. egoe _eua Lgg qoe
c__esas s_gsec OsaeccaCea _ooaCg _oeg
q_ss_u _euu. Cugu egoe _eua ce ne
ceLe_ gggsOsacLo_squ ggsa_o_squ Coggeusc
gC_ )u.
Co_asc ue_ee sLeuea gg_asL mm_gcce:
O_ou, aesc, mgz, nLeoa_u mg uag_, uggu
_z mzacs_squ _eeac aegogego Oea ue_e
sLeuLLLLoe cesege.
_eeCa oc_o,
O_eo__a O_ou mgg qssc _ae cegaaq
guo__ag guLc _eo.
ceLg qgLmL_ _ssg.
Co_as_u ggg sLeusecs agsege. qg_u _C_
ggg sLeusec oog_gsegg.
Co_asc ue_ oa_mac q_ssOggsec _egLL_g
meLgg Coeoe, Oea Coeoe, _mss Coeoe
ce oesLL_gs agsege.
58 59
Cugu sagoueeu, gaasu, _e, mgC_auLc
_saogeg egeuaa_ _gascas Co_asc agsege.
g_aLc, mge uee me__c, OLa CLs_c, ug _gg_c
_saogeg OLu Laoo Oeacscas Co_asc
sessege.
ceCo Co_asc _e ue_ oa_mgqu e__aa
oa_mgqu nma nama s_gsecs ago_ac ug_g
CLaggLLL Coea _gqL OLLLsasc ceLe_ ne_c
_oau.
4. . qsmJs
ggaame OLu gsaeascasa zauaaeu,
usaLaz_u C_aeg gg eua_ge __gos CsaLLasec
mzgLo__e. sgggg_ eaeCgau, scmagmcoa_
Lauzuss_u _ma neeusec neu oeeu Oe_
OLeusqmae. om gsaeas_u, zaeas_u gu
LeeLa oa_ses Ogg_egsec gau _gu oeeu
n_qsege. e Lzaeasc C_aega saou uggu
_ogge Lesc, Cgassasc, ne_gu _ssas
s_gsec mmoass saeCLau.
4. s. I. q;+ou 0o+m mmou
zaeu ceLg oLOuagoOeac. o Oeacgsq L_eu
ceLg OLac. ceCo oggc agLLu. Oegsc
L_asao_e_o eag_eo ces s_LLsege. zaeu ceg
Oeac OLagoas_ O_aeg O_aL o_asog_ O_mss
se_secs qgssegg. zaeu ceLg Le_a se_ ceg
OLacLu.
4. s. z. o1qu 0om[om
zaeasc LeeLa ozoaggL LLacsc, uzezs
Csaeosc, __gou, Caasu, ___ggeosc _eus_e_
n_geu geo CLaegogeg _ees_C_ OsaeLe.
ss_gsec _LLeLaass Osae _ogeg cceuaas
ne_gu oeeu geL _cog qgsa nezaaLcsc
gzuma _gqu OLLLsasc ceoau.
4. s. 1. o+mu
zaeasc usLL_euaaeeo. cLOLa_g C_aegae
ce_ gLLoLLuass ag aoag. qoOoaegu Cog Cog
sao oezaeguc c_g__as_ O_maosgg. o _gsc
_eo nLgL_asecLCLaeg L_euaaeeo ceg
sgsege. zaesaou s.m. ooogg s.m. ooosq
nLLLLO_e .cu.eua qgLmsga. s.m. gaesau
gggaegqu s.m. _gau gggaegqu eLLLLLg
ceg Cog o sgsege. Lzaeascc usL
L_euaae_as s_LLu oa zaeu s.m. gaesau
gggaec c__LLLss Coeu ceg s_g goqsgg.
4. s. 4. q;+on nsqom
OLagoasL zaeascc meou ggg s_gsc Lu
OLggsqu. ogeg LeoLeeasc ceg o_aqo.
_eo _egCa:
. LeLL t_eLLLeLLi
z. nose LeLLme mmqu, qss_u t__g _cc
LeLLi
. _g oueaoc - ueoggzsecL Lgga Oeg
+. _ssaoo euLoasc - ozoag
. gma eggzqo _zesce oue mcssu t_ze
qogLLLaci.
4. s. s. q;+o+oms uswsou u_[mm_u
zaeasec_ O_aq__o Co_maae cequ,
c_gaou oCz ceg ugOga s_gu goqsgg.
60 61
Lzaeasce O_aqLeL nosgq_ O_cq L_gssaLL
mggOsac_u geoea ggL_gao g_ zacs
cequ agsege.
zaeasc _u __gsce _LLeLuc ozaeu,
mq@ zaeu, mzuu zaeu ceL mmssLLLcce.
m q;+o+om : LL_gu oOLuaee
OLeueas agoe.
o zaeu tci oa zaeu
Lmqa zaeu
uasseCLa zaeu
oas zaeu
ozas zaeu
u_ua zaeu
au zaeu
mzuuaeL zaeu ceLeoau.
mg q;+ou - ggaequ guaoe OLeuea
agoe _qu.
eoeou ceLLu mq@ zaeu
Laso_u ceLLu Laso_ zaeu
gaz)au ceLLu gaz_ zaeu
saLu ceLLu sL zaeu
n;uu q;+o+om - omzeu mzuuee
OLeuea mcsqoe _qu.
mzuuu ceLLu mzuu zaeu
Lguu ceLLu L_u zaeu
_ue OLeuas agu _sCeau ceLLu
_se zae_u, 1ms OLeueas agu mzeu
o__u ceLLu mzeuo__ zaeu.
_s Lzaeasc cecses LgOeL ceL.
qugn q;+o+om
mgsao_gc _ugc C_aegaeo _u_Lzaeasc.
oOLuae ue_ nmc C_aeg oeaas_sq )Lee
_c_gu, gazasec CLassqu Oe_a. oOeacsec
gmecaaLc cequ ogeg ea _ugc gaeq
zaeascas soau oaeg_ agsga. _eo _egCa
o zaeu, OLma zaeu, oLzas szuu uggu g
mecaaLg zaeu ceLeoaqu.
LgOee zaeasec uo+ q;+o+om ceg
o_aqo. ogeg_ _mz LgOeL zaeasc nL
zaeasc cege_ssLLu. _eoaaoe
gma zaeu : sCeezaeu sacsa zaeu
scs zaeu ee_quaz zaeu gzu_ zaeu
goae zaeu oaqL zaeu Lasso zaeu
smo zaeu Lzaez zaeu suL zaeu
gggCsuoz zaeu ms__u zaeu Lzae zaeu
LsLg zaeu uaeo zaeu __soa zaeu
ceLe oaqu.
4. s. o. q;+o+oms G+ou
zaeu euas s_gsec OsaeL ossau. zaeu
g _gmac, _g nose O_aLss saou __c oa_gg
ou ussce oa_ses Ogg_egsecu ma
LeLaLeLu gg_ c_gssaLsc _ouasqu se_sc
oaaoasqu mcsqsege. sgLosec oa_me nama
geoea _eLa_ gesege. __g_ geca
s_gseco seoaae se_sc _ou ussce uegc
cc_as Lgao OeoC_ _e _eoaaa Cgassu.
Co_s sLLecscae neeu CLs - =_au o_ _uu
Oe - _uu ez ceLoeogeg cca ggsse_sc oauoas
ussc uegc ne_g seLmsso Oeog zae_ge
62 63
Cgassuaqu. eua gcogeou, eg Lsgeau sog_
O_ms neeo ocLLg zaeascaqu.
nose LeLL, u_me saou, _ze uzsc _ou tLL
OLeui )__u teca g geosci mz_u tsaLLg mz_ui
uggzu, Caasu, Lsg, aeu, suu, gg, egoee
CLagg_gqma =suz gauu, _qCLa_gzu, _uu, oee
gmecaaLcsc mq@ _o_azasc ce LcCog
s_gsec ussc _guL OeoC_ Cgassu ceoau.
q;+o+oms @s[msum+su
zaeasc L_eu oa_g_eo cegu euas s_gsec
uLCu mzgLo__e cequ Osac__c _og. zaeasc
oa_me LcCog geoscc uss_sq LaeLu _ma
neeusec cceuaas gggsOsac_u oeeu
agcce.
. zaeasc O_oasc, __ O_oasc _o_azasc
_ou gs__ga _ Oeacsecs agsege. __gLe
_zac, u_gou, eLaqsc, e_s mg_egsc
Co_ag_u, __gou, euau ceg LcCog geosLq
geL mcssasec_ _sege.
z. LeeLa gasms_ge gLs agsc ce CLaggLLL
egu nosc geo_gcc nggL OLacscasa _gu,
OLac, eLu, m _saogegL Lgg_ O_coae
s_gsec_ _sege.
. LeLL, ___g Ogg, mq@ zae_gc agLLu
Lzua_uamgq Cuoaeg gguceo ceg nama
s_gsc zaeascc Lu OLggcce.
+. su meescoggu, _ogge mecqscc ggu
mLL _eug OLgo_gsae og_egsecs
agsege.
. _ssao ussce oa_ses, _zs _eg __oaeogeg
_gaL OLggee msege.
o. zaeasc sLqc caqu ssga, _osqL Lo
ggauasc ne, ue_ _a_gc sLqc ssg
ceg s_gsec mcsss agsege. Ls_e, e_au,
_uu, oeLssu, O_oLsg, esL_ _eeu,
_eeumses _sa qeasec oc_gs Osacc
Coeu. sqeas_sq c_gssaLscas zaue,
seee, _osee, __ue, eLm, sCgggze CLaeg
La_gzasc LeLssLLLcce.
__esa gco gcsecL LLL_e _ou gco
qussc noassLLsgasc. _moeggz gaLs_e_L
La_g usa_ua saggu, zaes se_sec CsL zau
sqeu, mCosaeg_u, oagu noae_as ozoag
agsegg. OLagoas ussc _gsuas _u oa_mac nama
Oggsec cc_asL mggOsae meLgg n_qoe
zaeasCc cegac _g uesaasag.
4. 0. gm ssgggg 0gJs ggJ qsmJsm
qgq
Co_ascc agLLLcc _ma neeusc eega
nosc _gmac neeusCca usqu ggLeLaeoa
saeLLsege. Cugu eega oa_me _LLeLL
LeLaLs agsecu mzgLossege.
. mue oag, meOocsce cceosc, gmaee
nLLqg, oaegc Lgga s_gsec Co_as_u,
zaeas_u agcce. _eo _ee_gu eega
_gmac nosac gggsOsaccLLLL neeuscaqu.
z. _Co_u ceLLu u_go ac, __, Co_u
ceLLu CLasseo, sag_o Co_u ceLLu
geseo _sa _egu Co_ascagu, gsaeascagu
64 65
mcssLLsege. eega _gmac semLs_u
_ee gggsOsacsege.
. u_go_geguc nag_ geoaas eg ngLsec
uaggu _geoo soeeea_ _u_L zaeu agsgg.
gaaeuas_c qozae geeea ceLOLgg
seeLL _e egLsg uqgaac oOLuaee
secc gg ogaLOLgg z___e_ gg__ _e
q seeeL OLa_g _Lma_asqu Cugu ugOga
secogg z__u oz nLCe ug seeeL OLa_g
_Lm egoee gaez CLassa_asqu _gsCgau.
+. __ eo_gau ceg _eg _eus_e_u
u_go_e_u eessgg.
. _oes u_gou Lgga O_coae _geo _Co_
eaugzu agsgg.
o. nCoas mac Lgga s_gsc Co_ascc O_coass
agLLLcce.
. saos sesqsq n_qu sc_eaugz _gqu Co__gc
agLLLL oaLaCLaaqu.
a. meOocuc saeLLu LcCog szsasc
gLe_gzasc Lgg mcssuae Oegsc Co__gc
saeLLsege.
s. gaaa eoCesu ceg _@ maeu _@me
_euLeLu, _eeueau, _ggeou
qgLmsegg.
o. Co__gc ggaame LmLu muac ocggscac
agLLLcc _Le, )ss Czessc _ogauc
agLLLcce. sz_easc euLmsseg sao_e_
_eaLCa sessu seoea Co_asc mcsss
agsege.
ooaCg oa_mc egaeuaa_ _gss_gsc
Loogegu Co_asc O_coass agsege. ue_ CgaCu
oa_me nag_ Ogg ceLe_ noq eg CLaggsegg.
_eac usLL_euaae Co_asCca _aozasc, moaqsc
__oaeogegu e_uasL CLc ocss Coeu
cesege. o Oeaeo ue_ Cga_ggq _LLagLLL
gosaea q_ssu ceoau.
oaa Luezs seLCLaO_coau oaCee,
ceg occoa oasq _ee OuLmssegg. ooag
gu geL_eg oa_mc geLOLgu qoOoa gs_mgu
Co_as_u, zaeas_u ne_gu LeLaL Oggsc,
_gmac _ouasqu _eus neoasqu ucsege.
66 67
g mss
_. 1_ m1omm ms:mm
. Co_u ceg Oeacoe OLac aag
z. _ugc m_ ce_u Oeacoe OLac cee
. Co_asc c__ee _eoaaeo
+. _gsao Co_saou ceLLog aag
. mgsao Co_saouaog aag
o. gC_a _masc qgL oezs.
. _mao__u cegac cee
a. mzaueascc agLLu Oegsc aaeo
s. gaeq Co_asc aaeo
o. nLCo_asc aaeo
. gea cegac cee
z. szau_ _eooe cooag _e_ssLLLLae
. ms Co_ sao mecaaL, OLa_gCLasqsc aaeo
+. mgsao Co_sao_gc C_aega ossaasc aaeo
. Co_ _asasc aaeo
o. mgsao Co_sao_gc omogc Oe_ome OLaezs ag.
. mgsao Co_sao_gc quL oa_q, ue_eg Lgg c_gs.
a. mgsao Co_sao_gc ggg mcasa OLeucsc
oezs ags.
s. mgsao Co_ sao ussce OLa_g CLasqo Oeacsc
aaeo
zo. _o__ac _eLu geeusc aaeo
z. __gos s_gsc uss_sq ne_goe aaeo
zz. meescass agLLoe aaeo
z. mgsao Co_sao ussce LeLaLs s_oascas
_eug_eo aaeo
z+. ggaame OLu gsaeasc ceo
z. zaeu ceg Oeacoe OLac aag
zo. zaeascc usL L_euaaeg cg
z. zaeasec_ O_aq__o aa
za. zaeasc cooag mmssLLLcce
zs. mq@zaeasc aaeo
o. _sCeau cegac cee
. mzuuzaeasc ceo
z. mzeuo__ zaeu ceLg aag
. zae_ge Cgassu aag
+. Co_ascc saeLLu _gmac semLsc aaeo
@. q_ nq[ _mmm _mm nq m1o_q uo+um
ms:mm
. Co_ ossaasc aaeo _ogeg oesLL_g
z. eu_e_sc - mom.
. _zeasasce oauoas gau _goe aaeo
+. nLgL_asc - mcsqs.
. sg, uug Lgg gm _goe aaeo
o. Co_asce C_aggu Lgga s_gsec ag
. nLCo_asc agu Oegsec_ O_aq_gs ags
a. eug, eLa Lgg mom.
s. ms Co_ sao OLaca_az geoea mcsqs
o. _gsao Co_sao_ O_agc - ocsu Lgg qgL oezs.
. ms Co_sao euageo mcsqs.
z. mgsao Co_sao_gc goma _zac _egea mom.
68 69
. mgsao Co_sao_gc usc geo cooag g_g
+. _eua, mzuuu Lgga mgsao Co_ sao s_gsc aaeo
. zaeu ne_gu Oegsc aaeo
o. zaeasc C_aega saou Lgg _goe aaeo
. LeoLeeasc Lgg q Lss _cmc meLac
a. ozaeasc aaeo
s. _u_L zaeasc Lggs ag.
zo. zaeasce Cgassasc aaeo
z. gosaca q_ssu cegac cee
@. q_ no _mmm _mm nn m1o_q
uo+um ms:mm
. gaeq Co_ascc agLLu Oegsec_ O_aq_gs ags
z. ms Co_sao _zaoeuLeL mom.
. msCo_ sao e__aa geoea mom.
+. mgsao Co_sao_gc e__aageoL Lgg_ O_aq_g
c_gs
. mgsao Co_sao ussce OLaca_az geoLgg mcsqs.
o. mgsao Co_sao euageoL Lgg gm _goe aaeo
. LgOee zaeasc aaeo oesLL_gs.
a. zaeascc egaeuaaeuea mom.
o. +sq no+o_q uo+um ms:mm
. _gsao Co_saoL LeLa Lgg O_aq_gs sLez oezs.
z. mgsao Co_saoL LeLa Lgga Oegsecs sLez
omc mcsqs.
. Co__ge Cueeu egaeuaaeueaL Lgg sLez
oez.
+. gme sao_ggq Co_asc, zaeasce ggeLeuea
mom.
70
. @gg msqgg
g(ggsqm Gss
. 1. Ggmms msQ
scC_aeg ueC_aegas sao_C_ oaOca _e
C_aega ___q. _u_sq. _eac _u_s que
L_euu mz_u oLLsegg. ue_ee C_aggu coocq
O_aeeuaaeC_a _oocq L_euaaeg O_eesLLeLa.
O_eeo oa_g_ gaLeL gzamLu cegu _osce
Ouagea_ gzamL Ouag cegu ozoag agsgg.
LeLa uss _osc CLa Ouag _u_. Ouagueac
gLL OLggosc _u_sc. neq C_Lc sazeuas
mmg_osc, _as_sqc O_aL eeuaac CLa
Ouagscc uaggasc ggLLLe. _eoCa eg gzamL
Ouagsc ceg agLLu _u_, O_gaq, seeLu,
ueoaacu _qu.
s. I. I. qmgn non+
_u_ sua zeLauzu _es_sq _eCL
LeLaLgu gasms_ggu gggg_e ceLe_ eas
ossaasc ne_gsege. Ouagsq osseu oq__
_u_sc ue_ oa_magsqu osseu oq_g oa_g_e.
_u_ oa_eo _soa_q, goa_q ce zeLas osseu
oq_g oa_g_eu LeLaLe szuass s_LLsgg.
s. I. z. qmgn non+rqs o_om
ossaasc sao_ge seea, _ae C_aega sao
ussce gasmsu, LeLa, L_sso_ssasc, oa_ses _eg,
_zs, _euos, _L_eg, CLa, mzu, sa_c CLaegogeg
71
gusqs saL ggsege. gusqs seL_gsqu eas
ossaascogg _u_ LeLaLeL geq _gsCgau.
LeLaLe agsc oogegL Lgg aq saeCLau.
3. 1. 2. 1. ao_a
_u_ sa_eo _eme gggee cege. .g
qo_u q_gu OsaeL ncOua___ gasa_c
oa_sesaaqu. g scq, sg ce zeLas _euu.
gggee q_ss_gc _eousscas mcaqLosc. _gqu,
Oeco_u neLa gcoqo_gc mgg_osc.
ssa_c gaLs_gc _eooe, _eom ggga, Oemo__a,
C_ag, Laee, Lae CLaeCgau m uss_u
La_gzascas oo. ssa_c oa_q _g_gogg
uagLLauc _eme ogLLaLLas _euu.
uasou ceL ueeuaL ugg_e
gesou geussL CLg
ceg oc_ou sa_cogog_ uee uaLeao
gLmssegaa.
3. 1. 2. 2. ;m
LeeLa _u_sc mz_e__ O_acsaLmaL g_gee
ac c_gs agsegg. OLuLagu _gsaL _eguc
_ae CLa geLOLggg. C_LLeL, aaeeLLeL,
qgezLLeL, saoaLLeL ceg gacoesL LeLs_u CLamc
=LLLe. OoL, o, nges, gueL ceg gaeq
g_gee Lqgscgu _u_sce CLa_egsc
O_acsaLma_gc saeLLsege.
_ssao_ _u_mLu _gLCLa _egCa _euggg_g.
_ee OgLeuaa gLLaLoac _gaoau.
Lsss_u, Lseo q__ LaLLes_u, OLes_u,
CgaeLaos_u, _cosec OLga_ou, aau _u
mo_gq_e LagsaLLae L_ggqo Oecgasc, ce mze
qoe agogogg _u_me _gLCLa _eg mcaqu.
_qu _eag LaLLe uass_u
OLeu mceL au CLc_
O_eo oa_gsq _a sLe gsqu
OLae CLag _coL OLga_ )u
cu _u sm_e gu _zeCeue
Cugu mz _coa_osc, gasaLL goa, eLLLa,
_gCaa, ecCaa, osc ug LeLssou Oeg__oasag
ceLgu gga@ggac _ga _sgg.
3. 1. 2. J. qz
eassao_ _u_ gLmee OLmgu ug_g oa_g_e.
goc_ou neeuaae gLsq osseu agcca.
_sugs gLLg gLLeg Oge_g
_sgs gLLg gL.
ncceLe ueu us_gg gL OsacoC_ neeuaae
gLLaqOuega.
smou Lgu ueo__eooe Lamu gLLaug_e.
Lamue usc oezu Lam gg_me smoCz ue__g
eossga. Cugu smo Ceze Oecos saCsa
oagaa_ees se Lgu gaLe ocu, Lamue gL,
_oe mzu, _oeeL mmgg oau ussc geoeas
agsga. _e ogeueas agag, geLee mmeo
CezueeeLu agu geo _osc gLme ___e_s
saLsgg.
CsaLOLCea_e _u usscLu gaLeL mL ueu
Ogagg oLssgg nu ggss _acsgae. _g CsL,
goez CsaLOLCea_ee Cgmc LazauCo gLs
72 73
Osaeg_ oo mzage_aa _a_u geL_Le
oLssgg nuggss ogg mumaoag nu ggssga.
_gm eeo gss, _g_g _gmese
_coc n_LL_au gL
ceg oc_ome oasqLL )euea gss, gcoguc
Oeg_g, geLu ouCLag nLegg __LmLLC_
gLLaqu ceL_gq_ _aCu eaegasga mzage_aa.
_gauae OguaeuLu gL OsaeL qceoaa
O_aeeL uaeLu Oeeg _gauaee mzu OocLLuag
oeLs_oaasL La gLss mg_ OLuCLaez_
___gu eas ossaascac _gaLLu Oegscaqu.
_gaua_u _u_g_u ea Ogcosseea _a_eeag
qceosqs Osa_g us_g_ae. eas sao_ _u_ gLmee
OLmgu ug_gL CLagge.
3. 1. 2. 4. _[c_omza
mgg ceg OeacgsqL geu ceLg OLac.
ngmeu geLu _coa_oza gazas guuLu ou
ussec mgg cege _u_. _gaa_osecu
_e__g neoc_g Luc_g nLem_g us_g_e _u_.
Oecmgg gum omgg La_gLLae
gcmgg oae_ _osq
cesga goc_o. _gCoasq _c__c, _g_e
gu_c, _sa _gasec_ _ae Oeaag mLCLe ceg
sees oggs agoe_ oLLgsazu ne_gsgg.
mggesec Oocuc sso Oeg _ae uLu
mLe ncCc ne@_c eaoaeusq ug_asa _u_uas
g_agu CoeLLLogceo ceLe_ oc_o,
mgg g___a_ _a_eLc eaoa
ugO_e_u CoeLgLag geg
ceg agogogg mgC_auLc eas sao ussce
LeLas g_eu _ga _sgg.
3. 1. 2. 3. e.a
OsaeLuogg CogLLLg =es. goc_o =essq
osseu oq_gcca.
ogaasqqeg =oC_=es, ugg ccoau
qgOagLeL gzg neL_g
ce_u qgcc Lgc n_m Oea _aa_ ge_s_sqs
OsaLLC_ =esaaqu, mg OsaeLsc aaqu Lae
cgLa_gs Osasqu _eeuea neLag cesga.
gogg =es ceLg ogaos_sq Lgc n_m cgLazag
Osasqu g n_mCa =es ces Osaccoau. ogCaa
L )__Co qoe _ae Oeco_e_o Ce_g eosqu
LOueg eassao ussc cec oa_g_e.
3. 1. 2. . Jao.z
eas sao_gc _zesc OsaeL occcscas
ggssgasc. _ueuL La ou oos_squ
uggosqu OLaeeeu OLaecu oezaag Osa_g
us_g_eu eas ossaascac nez _sgg. Lam, gm,
sam, CLse CLaeCga seLCa_ occcsc ceg
CLaggLLLLe. Lam _ceosq_ C_ezu CLse uugsqL
CLaeoeau _c_g _gaaL s_ OLgge.
_ggLLeL ossaasc ueesce OsaeL_
_eeueas agoeoas __eos saesCgau.
scOoLssc, OeLCLsc _o_u ueesce
OsaeL__eeu _ga _sgg.
3. 1. 2. 7. a.z.m
eas sao ussce cogu gcoguas gLg_eu
ossaascac _ga _sgg. OLesc _gsa_g__g
74 75
OsaeLac CLc. Oeagsa_go Ceaq coa_oscass sgs
sLu_e g_eu _ga _sgg. goc_o
O_ou O_a_a_c Osa_ge Oga_O__oac
OLOaeL OLu ue_
ceg agsga. sao_gc OLg sasqu ue_sqo
euuaeoscass sgeLa OLe ug_g oeasLLLLe.
_esc CLa __oaoggac ggg L_oe, _e eu
qeggC_ g_euaac q _e ze _cog _eg
OLesec uegg oa_g_eu _ga _sgg..
3. 1. 2. 8. aa _.mzzo
LeeL_ _u_sc gasmsu LeLaLc ggg g_e.
_u_gaLc n_q, Ogeq, oacsu CLaeg O_agcs_u
_ogge ea O_agcs_u gggg_e. sLcsLgg
Oocgas_squ Oeeg _u_ ocsu Oeg gg_e.
gug LeLa, gasmsu, Ouag aaqu Oocgascc gsss
sazeu LeeL_ _u_sCc.
scae _aqegea ce_u oome gLLaLc qeCg
gu _u_me nos qggeus Osacesea noqsqL
Legeaggu.
aagu mCz aaou Csc
)gu gegu mg_z oaza
nos ussc aaoezu ngoas ce@u LeeL_
_u_me nccu nag_C_aaqu.
scae _aqegeame aagu mCz aaou Csc
ceg gLLaLc om gssagasc eeL ge_q oauoc
_aso OuagOLaLLe scoc o_g LgssL
OLggssgg ceg cec us___ssg.
. z. ggg(g
na_eo OeuOuagaau _u_Ouag usqu O_aeeu
oag_g. Ouaguac ocggsc _qsc Lo Oeg _u_
Ouague O_aeeueao eaegsc ag ggmcce.
gasCcau Oe_uLmg _eCeau meCeau
nssCcau OLaaq sLc ogCgau mgg_ _u_ ceg
Lazg_aee aga s_g aq Cgass__ssg.
_e Lo _u_u mceu_ gg_C_a gs_u )g_u_
Ouag aggu_, ee__u_, gaLs__u_ ce_u
_Lmmqsecs Osae mcaqsgg.
ue_ oc_e_ CuuL_g, ue_ Cga_e_ ocsseg
ossaL LeLLsc gegg_g _u_Ouag. _g ac, ee,
gaLsu ce ___u_as _s_gg nLc, nccu, _eua _sa
_ege ocoea __euaass gco ocuae __euea
_cssgg cec uesaasag. ceCo_ae gaL uss_sq
gcog agme_g_ _u_ __aL qceoaau mgaasez
eas_ _u_ _egu _a ceg Coesega.
Ouaguac mcssLL aggu_ _sog_eesecu,
ee__u_ _euame acmeeu, gaLs__u_ nLoe
OuLLasecu qgLmL ggsege.
se@squ s_gsqu, Oemsqu, g_eesqu
mg_cLLg ___u_. _Cog_ u _o_gg _oeasu _ec
ocg_ ___u_, seoss ocoasq _sseo eagas esqu
_eeu OsaeLg.
s. z. I. @m[mg
___ugc __oc ggqu aggu_, geea zegqu,
Ouagsqu _LLeLaa _eusgg. Ouag __gsazeuasa
_@_gzc qo, _asa__c, __qm_c, ga, _eeq oggac
OooCog c___asgg. oOo__gsc _e_C_a O_aLgC_a
76 77
Oeacoasgg. Oeags_u OeagOgaLs_u OLac
qg__eoas _eusege.
sLezsc, g se_sc, geasc, sme_sc,
Oecsc, gssme_sc, gaLs ossaasc, mueeasc
ggeaqsc, nezaamasce mcssasc ceg
_ee_gu __c _Laqu.
__uasqu, _souasqu ocgg ou _gmac
gegeag_ u_gou, OLaguac, O_agc gLLu, sessac,
ocsmac, mecac _sa ceegg agssae
gcs_u aggugc _Laqu.
noes _LOsacseg _ee_g _gmac gegeag_
gcs_u _ugc nezgeL omc oz Coeu. mggaL
gcog ea_gzasec_ _u_ Ouaguc OLa__c
Coeu. goa_ s_eLa ggcsc _u_ Ouaguc
aggLL_c Coeu.
aggu_ ue__sqma scmeaL sLLL LaeLsgg.
ue_ee g_eeea ocLL_g oa_q Oegss ogoes
Oesgg. sggu sasqu smaa _gmeeL OLssL
LaeLsgg.
s. z. z. @soqmg
_euaCoa CLssg _g_zas Ouag ee, egoCe
ggeeaa eeLLaea mcaqLoe _aCel _u_ ceg
C_aegaC_a _eCg eeu C_aegag. _u_ oa_mc
eeLLaL eegg ocg_g. soeg O_aLas scoeg
oezsqu eeCaa eag_ oa_q oa_g_e _u_.
mgg_ q_ge_sq_ _aoaLL LaL, mecaaLL LaL,
CosesCaa _gqsq mgg eosqu mse_L LaL,
O_agc LaL, gagg gLqL LaL, cgLaLCL coa_
gggLLaL, gueL LaL, mec LaL, oggeLL LaL,
egogLaLsq nma LsgL LaL, gguc esag
geoaas qLLamL LaL. LL ggguq _u_ oa_mc
ceegg LaLssc Lu OLggg_e.
Le ce_u _u_o Oeac eeeas qg_g gegg.
g_gaeussLLLL, LeL__LLLL eeea Le
cege _u_. ue_e _e acLae neosec,
q_aqLL__LLLL geeLe aa LaLLass egsgae.
ee nos nusce secLeLu, _gLeLu _gCo
_sggsgg. gaCLaL LaLcs_u, gaLLgL LaLcs_u
__eeu oag_eoCal egogLaLgu ee nag_
L_e_L OLggssgg. egoCea soss eeeas
smaass us_g_e _u_. oogLaL _egea
gaC_aLaeee cege oLOuagaac. _a_e__
O_aLmu ee, sags_squ CLa_g msg OsczoL
OLaeeaeL ceg agsga sm _.Cu__a.
L_g_u_ ee gcscas eg _gaLOLgLeo
OLgaez, OLaqq, Le Laz)au, ee g@ssu, Le
uz, _ac e__gzu, soeL OoeLa, ggzsacau, Lgeag
LLou, _acoes CsaeoCaa_g, ee_ _u_o Oec
gegsCsaeo, eemg Looau. ggcsc gusq
__euaass seLssLOLgmceo.
eL_ _ugee cug - _g
eLg_uL oag_ gc__g
ceLa LaCog_ Lazg_aee.
gaaeuas_c euLg_, _LL, sg_z _ou
egogLaLgq nggeeaas eeeaL CLagg oc__e.
ga_u eeeeaac _u_L LzLu aeeuLg_e ceg
aeeuLg_L OLuae CLaggLLsga.
gmaLzaeLLs smzaa, zauoas _sca, CsaLao
sqe Lazgaa, qeaq uu_ae eas, Oeee qcu
_eeaueo OzLaa, LaCog_ Lazg_aee CLaeCga
gega eeL LaLcsec aggcce.
78 79
_ugeeea ocsss saoOeeg zaga e
_eeaueoo OeLaa _gga _gO_ae
_cmLgsmag. _ugeeo easu, _ugees sc_m ogeg
ggmu, _ugeeL CLaL, _ugee _zao CLaegogeg
gL_gu _o _ugee gss _ee_g ogscgu
_aega.
eas sao_gc goes go_ggu _egCa qgLLe,
LaeoLLe tLszui _ceoLLe tea_ami, u_LLe, Og_c
Le tOeoogi ceg _LLeLL Lesc OLagoas
eessLLLLe. Cugu eogcu, sauzu CLaeg Les_u
g__as _ga_sgg.
eas sao ees smsc, aa_, q_c, _qc, L_eo,
Laec, _Lao, _e@eu, szes __oaeeeoaaqu.
qgaa_, Laeoaa_, _ceoaa_, u_aa_, mcmaa_,
gaa_, CLmaa_ CLaegeo eessLLLLe.
mgsao_gc coaaq_c, ga_sozu, scamOgL,
_Cuaeau, mee, _smee, oaoe, sLLa, go_zasu
__oa ee oa_gaas_u _mc, Le_su oa_gau
Luazu, nses, LueL, sLu, _sa, u_asu, sza,
CLaos, gaoza CLaeg _ac oa_gaas_u C_aege.
L_gLLaL, cL_O_aes, gsqgc, oLLgsazu,
ucCuseo, LgOee _ssesq gcsc __oae
eeeaL Lgga qgLsec_ _sege.
s. z. 1. +:oqmg
___uge _egau Lqgaae gaLs_ _u_ gL ussg.
g aggue_u, ee__ue_u _e_c Osae
ncc_ac usscL_gc _e _assu _gsu saeLLsgg.
ussce _s,g acsec gLme _ou CueLuc
OocLL_gog gaLsu. oa_me gco, )a agsec
c_gssaL, __eac mecu Loesecu _gmLLg
gaLsu. ggLesecs seLLm_g q_qo_e gLeL
mcsqog gaLsu.
_ugee CLac, O_aeeuaae _u_ gaLs gcs_u,
gaLss seo g@ss gcs_u _ggg CLaue.
O_acsaLmame OuLLaLac, gaLss seosc
OocLL__ Coea ges, __es, cozc tgqi,
uLes tmaLi, _oeu, OLu_u, eu, noes cegu
cL OuLLasecu, _eo C_aego_gq Coeu
geosscesecu qgLmLccg.
_goc, eag_u, qegc, Oeuggau, Oeae_eg,
ugoaeea gaLs__u_ ce_u gcsc _egCa _aasq
gcoa, aaLLaso nezaama, egaeascmagez
_ma _sCaazac qgLmLLLLcce.
a_gu, gaLs_u gLsseg _scu Lgg mmoae
Oegsc oLLgsaz_gc agLLLcce.
eLssao_gc C_aega zae zae mgau _uoa,
qCoa_gas Cea_ eme_ CLaeg gaLsasc g_eu
mgsaoo Cea_ sao_gc gaLssseo gggg_e_s
saLsgg.
a-_u gggaec _eaeos smzaame zau em_
gaLs_u, CsaLao sqe Lazgue gg_ea em_gzs
__ee ceg gaLs_u s_ OLggeoaqu.
s-_u gggaec gaLsu CueCugu geq
ocz_O_aLasag. Lmguag seome soaog, qLaog,
uaemeau ce_u gaLsas_u gaLsmac ce_u gaLs
osseu Lgga ggu OLeuLLL__sseoaqu.
CLzama sg_zu mcecue uCeaeucau gaLs
ggu, _oezL meLgg _eeuuc oo _. ge c_ga
_eoe _ gaLs ggu gco soeLeLL OLgge.
80 81
gaLs_ge _ge_ ce CLaggLLLL Luuc euLg_
__oaame uCeasza, ooaog, Co_ac nosu, eLaLg
CLaeg LcCog gaLsasc gLLas _eugg _eeozg
LazaLeLu OLgge.
gaLs nose uau ces s_LLLL easz_au
soausc LocsOsa, eg _gsaa, occgueu,
e_gaoae eam_gm ce_u zae gaLsasecu,
_asou, oLOuag _sa Ouagscogg Ouag OLa_go
OeaLLLL _u_ gaLsasecu aggea.
goaL zaeuacssu mcec, cu. sg_eau __oaa
CLaeg gaLs nos gauLoaesec aazagu ugss _aag.
uamaLL soausc, sLLLLa, Cs.m. sg_zuLac _sCaa
gLLagggu qzc oc_u OsaeL seoscas_
gs_g_e.
L_au gggaec ceegg gaLss q_ss_u, gaLs
_mas_u, gaLs_ _u_sq_ O_aeLagg osege.
_u_ga _zsu ac, ee, gaLs ueg_ge _ou ggLc
_gg osegg.
qea. sqe __gue _g_uae esg,
L.goseLee _ccc Czaga, ce.cu.Cs. gaLss q_me
gau o, eL_gassaze, gaze gezsseeee
nuCzamau LasL. _. oz_zaeeame LasL _co,
_. zauga_ee, zaezae Cea_e, CLzg _eeame
Coeossam, g zq, eggCza_au, gg C_oe uassu,
seo. seaggue uggm quam, gsqCueL CLaeg
gaLsasc ussc u_guc OLuLazaLeLL OLgge.
mzLaea sLLOLauue, u_ eCsa_zsc CLaeg ozoagg
gaLsas_u s_ usseoaas_ gs_g_e.
szueL .Cs. ee_s_u, .Cs.Lsogu, gaLssseosq
_gga O_ae _cmLgsmag. _.cu. uCeas
saLsecs se_e Osaeogg gg_gu _g_uae
CueL _euLs_Le gaLsasec gL_g gaLss seosq
_euaae O_ae Oegcca. esuzgauu, ce.cu.
sqee, Cs. _. zaueau, cu. cu. zaCeggze,
cu.g.zauoeggze, oag sCeee CLaeg gezsseosc
gaLs_geg _ou geznoqsq og_osc ceg
_guCLag gaLs_ge gL Cugu asgg.
Csauc soauga_ee _ec, _ec gaLsu
ussceLCa OLu LzLzLeL neLassag.
Cea. zaueau, Ouco, _zeu muoga_e, Ou#ea,
cu.m.Ces, sCzu Cuase CLaegos_u, O_sa_gs
seosq g Ouq _u a_gLLLLez _euLLacs_u
gaLss seosq _guqL osege.
saoOocc_ge Cos__agu, _gmac _eCegg_
_agu, oaOeao gaLsasc, O_aeossaL_ O_aLsc, CueL
gaLsasc, sme_ gaLsasc ceg LcCog Lmuaeascc
gaLssseo ocgg oog OLeuLLL Coea
qegaqu.
eeo oeaqu oOLuae esogou _eg
_eeaas LLgCLac _u_sce _u_ Ouagu ac,
ee, gaLsu ce _egas _eugg _u_sec_ _eo
gugg ggso Oesgg.
. S. GgsssJ ymJggJ sgs gg
(sJ, qgJ;
egcc _u_ gcscc usLLe_euaae gc
O_acsaLmau _qu. g __c goas gs_g_agu
_s_gau ce_u osse ggsq oggOoeL.
qcc_eo, _s_ga ce_u _eozac OeaLLLL __c
_u_ osse gc _s_gau ceg ago. _.g _gCLag
seLssL OLgaeuaac O_acsaLmau __c goasag.
_u_sq uLucoauc _u_ oa_qsqu _eussLLLL
_g_uae osse gc ces s_LLsgg. _e saou
82 83
Lgg OooCog s_gsc goqsege. ce_u s._.
zeLau gggae ce _g Lou gggs Osaec
ce. O_acsaLma_e_ aggao L_euaae saLmas
quc C_aega O_acsaLma ceg s_LLsgg.
ggc c__g, Oeac, OLac Lgg mcsqsgg.
s. 1. I. mo6q+[m n[[m o_
gou, g, OgL, sagg, oae _sa goes agesL
OLacsecs Osae _aeasCo oqosu C_aegag ceg
s_e_ O_acsaLma OocLL_gcca.
gou, g, ), oc, msuOLa gggu
sog_ uassu nosu
ceg nos_C_aggu Lgg _gq _LLeLuc __sass
agsega.
s. 1. z. _om+gq
OLmCaascagu, OLgCgascagu goeussLLLL
gue _egs_u, _Lo OLe _auasCo se
sa_o_g_ gueu Oeg Osac_u L_ss_u g__as
O_acsaLmau agsgg. eLaqscc Czas_sc
LaeL__LLLmceo.
_Lo, OLeme geoLgg O_acsaLma mcsqsga.
e__aa_gc _Lo OLem_u naoasCo s_LLLLe.
_e _cLmgg_oe cegu, OLe sgeLL CLcs sa_g
cogu ma gee ggLoc cegu O_acsaLma agsga.
Lz_e_a ce_u mL OLagusc e__aa_gc g_e.
OLag_a_ sauCoLesaac oag ozumeg _ee
Osacogu, qo uLu sa_cOsacogu O_acsaLmazac
sessLLsgg. gogg cogu gLuss_ass
sgaeuu, ussc mzu, _goaggc ussoscas g_e
ceLgu _ga_sgg.
no__agu, Lo__agu, _seoaagu _goagu
q__ _eooe - _eom Cegg oa_og _soa_q.
_eoo_u _eomu m_meeL Laeac qeg a_ _au
g__ eLu __esag ce mgsqL oLL__ _aa_C_
_soa_sesaaqu. e_ mcsqog _s_gee ceLLu.
gee ceLg q_ssu Lgga OLummq, geg ceLg
_s_geeuc _eug_ gnLmmqsc _qu.
s. 1. 1. [so msoom
_u_ ussc oa_g_ gou gg_asL mmssLLLLg. _aq
oa_u ussc q_ss_u go_C_a eag__as
saeLLLL_ac o CogLasc os_sqc g_e. go
_euL Cugq O_aLas s_sq oez, _egCa ueos_u,
sau, euOocs_u, sLgsezu LLe_ qg, _ceo,
u_u. Og_c ceL OLamL mee Laeo ceg ga
go_e_u _gc oa_ussce q_ss_e_u _ggg
aume. _sCo gee gg_as mmssLLLLg. _geesc
ussce _s oa_sesea mcsqo_ac _gc gLmcoag
mcaqu ugg ze q_ssas_sqs esssec,
OLggee ceL OLamL _e_ g_geesCca
Ce__e. esssec ceLg q _eossauu. _e OLe
omc qo uLu sa_c Osae LLg. OLggee
ceLg OLag_as sauu. oag _gg_o us ecao
Lac sa_c Osacogu Loog_u Oeogu _qu.
3. J. J. 1. _u__.
ueo gouasa qg go_gc oa_u ussce
q_ss_e_s agog qg_gee _qu. ueou
ueoeao eag_ L_Cu qgaaqu. _eoo_u
_eomu Cegg us_gg LLe_ _gsu muog
_e nmLOLac. omosseLCa gs_u eggL,
__gqma sazeasec c_gezLLC_ qg q_ssu
84 85
_cog qg_ gee. _geeue O_ou uaCaae
ceLLu _se _oa.
3. J. J. 2. _a.a__.
sau, sa eag_ go_u _ceo gou. _e O_ou
uaCaae tguaci mmgg Oeeg _eooe guuoez sa_o
_e sgme ooeuaac _e gaz_e_L OLag_gs
OsaeLLg _ceoOaa_ssu. _oc _g_c
OLg_gqma sazeasecs ag_gu, _ceo_ geeCa.
_geeue q_ssu _gg __c _qu.
3. J. J. J. m____.
oagu, oac eag_ L_u u_ gou _qu. g ocu,
goocu _eug_ goLLqgaaqu. _e O_ou ggze.
gco _zsu, gasms_u, aL oa_sesu _euaL OLgg
gou u_u _qu.
_eooe, _eom omeLCa C_aegu mLc,
_o_Loe sazeasc Lggs agu _gee. mLc gsqu
oauoas Laee, a__e, Laase, C_ag _sCaa
OeacLoe_s agogu _geeaaqu.
3. J. J. 4. Jqu_a _.
sLgu, sLc eag_ L_u Og_c gouaqu. ggo
q_ss_e_s agog Og_c geeaaqu. ggo_g_
O_ou oee. _eooe ozqsqs sa_g__c, _eue_
gaez mgmLu ag_gu Og_c q_ssuaqu. zasc
ceg geoCa Og_oe q_ssuaqu.
LeeL_ _u_ oa_mc _eug_ sa_c scq, sg
ceg geoscc ueoa_oas _euu. gOgg_egsec
c_gs agoC_ _s_ge euasCsaLLa.
3. J. J. 3. zo.a__.
Laeo go_gCo gs_u q_ss_e_L Lggs agog
Laeo_ gee. gmcoag ogeCLae goLLqgCa Laeo
gou. _gq_ O_acsaLma _egou qgLmLmceo. oaeu
OLa_g oge CLaeac cg_ go_ggu Laeo C_aegoau.
ce_u oLLgsaz_gc caCsaosc Laeogou Lggs
aguCLag. qg go_u _e_ __g _euggcc
_ceo go_u eggsqu L_gc gou uaas Laeo ceg
gou ug C_aegsgg ceLg C_aeg qgu _ceou
_egeuug gmgg Laeo ceLC_a Luu Osac_u
cesga. _gq_ O_ou Osaggeo. _geesqma
q_ssu mmq. _eooe _eom mmeoL Lau LaLcsc
Laeoue LaLcscasCo s_LLu.
s. 1. 4. qm+gq
ue_ oa_me nggLOLacscc _gu, OLac, m
ceg _eegL Lgga Oegsc aq agLLsege. g_g
aaosqu oLLu q_ss_e_L Lgg ago_ac
gLOLac ceLLLLg. Lg q_ssu L_g oesLLu
_eo _egCa OoL_gee, szge__ gee, o_gee,
sa_gee, nge_ gee, Ogao_ gee, gueL_
gee, oaes_ gee, LaLae gee, OLagmac gee
ceLeoaqu. o esssec, OLggee ceg ze
_sLOLac g_geesecu Ce_g ce@o.
3. J. 4. 1. Jzu__.
Leso gaLe ug LeLOass muu _zee _e
Leseuea ne__ Leso gaL Lsssec sogg ozo
Oeoae. _ooag sogg ozoOecgu mzsc OoLL
_uaeo _cgg Oeco. gCo CLasqs sazeuas
_eusgg.
86 87
3. J. 4. 2. a;[.__ _.
OoL uaeo ga mzsc sogg Oeco_ O_aLasa
Lsssec Lesueeee mzsc szge_L_uaeo _cgg
uLo Oeco. g szge__ geeaaqu. _ssao_gc
uasCc Oecouass s_LLLLg. _gs uasc nccoCe
Oecog_eass s_LLLLae. __eac ua ceg
Oeacgsqu Oecou ceg OLac o_asoaugg.
goc_ou,
Csc m_oOecou scm qogq
ua_co ugeg aeo
ceg L_gc uaOLeg Oeacgsq Oecou
ceLOLac Osac__c CgassgLaog.
3. J. 4. J. _u__.
Leso gaLe Cuc LeLOa_go Oecg_c
o_geeaaqu. omzsc oL_uaeoea
goOeco.
3. J. 4. 4. ao_u__.
gaLe Cuc LeLOa_g ou ouo ga
mzsec sa_gee mzsc gaL cceouc __g
gg_go. omzsc saL_uaeoea goOeco.
3. J. 4. 3. .__ _.
Leso gaLe ug LeLOaa Oeeg ugeo oec_gL
CLamog nge_ geeaaqu. omzsc ngeL_
uaeo go.
3. J. 4. . Jqonu_ _.
ugeo oec_gL CLa Oeu nge_ gee mzsc
uggc sauc __gL CLamLo. Ogao_ gee mzzao.
osc OgaoL_ uaeoeao gL CLa Oeo.
3. J. 4. 7. _m.z__.
OLu Cog_s_u gac qg_g, OLagmL_gc CLa
Oe_c gueL_ geeaaqu. omz Lss__os_u
gueLL _uaeo gL CLa Oeo.
3. J. 4. 8. o.a__.
CLa Oeu Cog_c qo Oogg OLgo.
_omzsc oaesL_og Ooggea us_gg OsaeLao.
Oogg OLggoezL s_gg Lau LaLcsc oaes_
geeeao eag_ LaLoaqu.
3. J. 4. v. zozo _.
_eLLLL qome mzu, OsaeL, s_ __oa
q_ss_e_o gLm_gL La_c LaLae gee ceLLu.
3. J. 4. 10. Jzo_ua _.
CugagLLLL qeLg geescc oesLL__ _aa_
LaLcscae _gu agu LaLcsecu, _gq agu
LaLcsecu LOLagmac geeuc _Lsss ago.
oggc OoL, szge__ geesc Lsssec so_c,
_ogeg uLLc cequ, o, sa_ geesc Leso
gaLeCuc LeLOa__c, _osec gaLc mLauc
___c cequ, nge, Ogao_geesc ugeo oec__c,
_e_s sa__c ce _eugg cg cg geescas
_eugg__c gLeLag.
__gs agLLu gueLL CLa_eg, Lu, gac, Cgzu
qg_go OeaLLu _gLCLazas mzu meca gegg ceLg
qgLmL__ssg.
OoggeaL LazaL_c oaes ceLC_a _euaauc,
C_aggo Lss_gu mzu OocLLL CLa Oe_osecu
gLm_g, OLagoae mzu, OsaeL ogegL CLsu LaLae
88 89
gee. _u_ gasms_ggq c_gs saLLas_ gs_sgg.
nosc cg_ Ouagugu coa_ nama geeLLaqLa
ceLg q_ss_ge nee_ geo cegac _g uesaasag.
. 4. eJs @Js ssmQJ esgggs
eassao_ _u_meLCa _os_sCs nma euau
g_g. oeua_ge Oecoases_ _eue_eL_u sae
_g_g. oeuau _osce e_s oa_mc qgssLmceo.
eua_ge gee Osae ue_ ngeou, sLq_Le
meeLeLu OLg mume. go eLaqsc g_e.
gLmgqL meeac gs_ mLLe_o ggss_ _eoLLLLe.
_e_eLa go_ge O_o_e_ ogLLLC_a
_euaauc eo)s eua ogLaL _egu g_g.
Oeassu, gzsu, mCLg, ugmgL, meeLLae Lgga
gumsess_u g_e.
mzsce gsc oess_u, gggLLL _eCea
oess_u g_g. uzu, sc, ueo, moaqsc CLaegeou
oeasLLLLe. CuCo agaogggqo eaegscaso
oogegL LaLCLau.
s. 4. I. o:qm, @mqm, @s
_e __gOLac, _cmc _gggeLa aqc
ceLLLLg. _e_s sLqc cegu _e___e. gueu
asqLoe aqc cege_ssLLLLae. gueus sLg_oe,
_ga_aa_oe, _eac nccoe ceLg C_aeg sLqc
cegu _e_ssLLLLae. nosLOLacsce nccLasqu,
_ogegs sLggu LLoe sLqc ce agLLLLae.
_ee_ggu gssug geggg qcLoe eg ce
_e_ssLLLLae.
3. 4. 1. 1. uzo
eassao_ _u_ oee ogLa Oe_e. _Lzu
cm__o, _sse __co, oaeeLs sLqc, ceOgcoau
_e_ssLLLL oOLuae ogLsLqcass esuc gou
ggg g_ae ce _gaLLsgg.
3. 4. 1. 2. _. zo
ue_sqs sLqc oee, goc_ou oaegL
ce ue_eaL CLaggcceuu, caCsaos_u
uaue_ CLagggu ce oe ogLaLeLs sae _sgg.
Og_c go_O_ou oee ce eaeCga oq__e
ossaas_u _eeL Lssege.
3. 4. 1. J. _[_;.
u_go ussc ggzee ogLLssgasc. cLCLagu
eLu me_gg _Lc LaLcscc ueu Oeg_gu
ggzeeL CLaoCo eLu me_gg oa_g_eu eas
ossaascac _ga _sgg.
3. 4. 1. 4. __moa
guac _ceo go ussce O_ou _oa. guac
LeeL_ _u_scac oeasLLLLo. LmLaLc ce_u
ossau guac OLeuueeL Lsu Lozau ogLau
gLL OLggg_g.
3. 4. 1. 3. qm__oa
gu__asc _u_ usscac OLmgu ugssLLLLe.
cgou )euea _e ne_goe gu__asc _qu.
CLasq Oecgu _e gu__ugu Le gu _u_meLCa
g_g.
90 91
3. 4. 1. . ..
m_ ce_u meeLLaee ussc ug__e.
_gmgLmc Oe_ meeLLaesec m_meeL Lae
cege. O_aLgg ___ mgmu omeeL Lae
sazeuasCo _euu ce gume _u_.
goc_ou mgg OLoc aaqc ceg
meqsega. uaLo_u Csaooe Lgg sqgg _scamL_gs
agasac sCsaooe ueu Oe_Co aeg gcmee
_g__q uaucs Osa_ggLe =eL CLaug_g
_emee cega. _eac m_meeL Lae _LLag ogg
Ceu.
3. 4. 1. 7. J_.a__oo
gggLLL _eCeasc eLosu qegc oa_o_as
cece. _osc oa_u nosu O_e geeuc LL_as
gume. __eac _osc O_eo__a cege_ssL
LLLe.
3. 4. 1. 8. qaa aam
CLassc_gc mzuzeu _eLg_ mzsec _Lssu
Oe_ L_gc _omzeg OLa, s_, gLmacsec
c_ga sceo gL oease. _gq gsc oessu
ceg OLa og_g.
3. 4. 1. v. z__ aam
seoee_ O_ouas ug_g oa_g_ OLes_sqo
eoOa_go gL ogLasc Oe_euea oLLgsazu
oauoas _gsCgau.
3. 4. 1. 10. czu, __m, _oa
CL, __u, _eaqsc LL_asqu _eo ussec
_osg_go_asqu sg _e. _eaqsc, ueo, qcu,
sLc CLaeg Lascc LL_as gume. CLsc
ssaLc meu geg oa_o_as gume. qggu
OeLosec __u _esqu cegu gume.
3. 4. 1. 11. _u.a zo
L_g_u_ agesea ogLa Oe_e. gmae, ue_,
_g, uzu, tCou, _zsi _saogeg ogLa Oeg
oa_g_e.
s. 4. z. nomm+om
ucCuseo ceg gL oag_ saLma_e_
_u_Ouag _oeua_ggq o_aso gLmssgg.
oecaaLgu, qeLoCsu, OLc__ saLmaasCc.
mzCeagau ceg osseggu OLc__sc aggaC_.
gga gaLe O_aeeuaae euaascc eue eua_u
qeg. euesc ugezuc ooz ggg eas_e_ ggm_
_u__ O_ae mgg og_e. eas sao eueLoo
nCoaoeea, gseLea ce_u o. euezae
caCsaosc oLLgsaz_e_L LeL__a. os
g_auc g__ss C_o ceg eueo eaeCgazac
aggLLLLg. eo _mz gg saLmaascasa n_ae
quaz samau, gas quaz samau, aCea_z samau, gcauc,
goCs _saeou eueL OLmCaasc LaaC_aaqu.
gg gcsc Loqu, osse gcs_u, gseu, eueL
OLmCaascac OeaLLLssege.
eua_gc eazag _eus_e_ __g agu gsqgc.
nos_ge _eogg_ Ouagsc _ee_ggu Ouagaassu
OeaLLL, ___eLa _gmac, OLacac, eLmac
s_gs_ssasL OLmgu CLaggL LazaLu geoeaL
OLggssgg. g oL gga Ouagsc _ee_ggu Ouag
OLassLLLccg.
92 93
. . @gg msqggg g(gmsqm Gss
_u_sc uso gg_ LeLaLeLu, gasms_e_u
neLaosc. _ee nos ozoagg _masc que_as
gggs Osacsege. osc ggaL LeLaL ocosq
o_ascc OsaeL _cmLgsmag.
s. s. I. 0m+g0o+s:
Ouase_aCza, _zLLa CLaeg Lascc Lo
gggaes_sq _eCL gzamLsc us nag_
gasms_gLe oa_g_e_ _gsCgau. oLgaL Ouagsc
Loogggu, O_eeaL Ouagsc _ee_ggu _u_o
Oeagsec egu sae _sgg. ggaamgq OocCa
sLcsLg_ gascOocoau, gga gasms_C_a Oeeg
Lzmcc gga Ouag _u_OuagCa ceLg nosgg_
neeu. Co_sao_gCoCa euus__gc sog_ _u_o
Oeagsc Looaqu.
s. s. z. [_6o+mmom
oa_agg geg ggaLe euaL LeLaL
ocosec c_gssaLu __sa eeasc _u_s_ge
gsCsaucscaqu. gsCsaucsc LeeLssao_gc
LeLaL euaascas_ gs_g_e. seos aLascas_
gs_g_e. eo nag_ sLLL, gL, gmasseosc geggg
mcaqoeoas g_e.
Laea, Lcoo, Cea_ ueesc sao_gc sseosc
OLmgu CLaggLLLLe. ceegg Csaucsc c_g_e.
eoaee_gu _u_su ggaamgq o_asa OsaeL
ceoau. C_ _euLmc oLggaamc LoCsaucsc
c_ggcce_s saeoau. _u_ss seoL LazuLmau nosCu
magg LazaLu oesuc _euaLOLggccg. eua OLc__
euaaseco eag_ Lccs_u, Csaucs_u, qeLoezs
Csaucsecu _u_sOuaqu sae_sgg. go, _ee,
goaeessa, _uLzu, ugez, goOegg, O_esa, sa,
sg_zu, gozasu, gss_sqegu, qLge_, seeaaqum,
zaCuuozu CLaeg Lascc usogL oag_ gg
eua_gsCsaucsecs saeoau.
3. 3. 2. 1. caomaa. uz
Csaucscc ue_ee moaq geouogg na_g
ue_ geosq Cugu O_o geosqu na__L Lo _ma
s_gsec CsL LaeOLg OeagOLagqsc gL__LLLLe.
_u_ LeLaLeL mcsqu gs_osc geLOLgg Csaucsc
LeLaL euaascas_ gs_g_e.
ussc _e geouc naz ussc Lc Oea, gaas
neq OLg Lsgu, _eu _oau ce neg_e.
gg_ ogLaL_eg, _suasce eazuae uggzogLa
OsaeL Csaucsc Lsgue mgLmLuas_ gs_g_e.
sLqc squL_e_ CuaLeu, eoqeLu, oCoasu,
mCLg c_u oa_e_scac ne_ge. eas__u_
_eccu OsaeLo nccu, ge_ue gL oggc
egoe LL_as cec oa_g_e. _omL_e_
Csauoass Osae gLm__e.
oag ceLg nuCza aa nLgsq ne cegu
_euamgq ceo. _eua _ae cgogg og_C_a _gCo
Cez _aeg o_eo oauaq_c ceL. omLasc
OLuLagu CsauoasCo g_e. __oac Csaucsc,
_eua oauaquLascas g_e ceCo Csaucsec
_oaasc cequ _e___e.
Csaucscc seosc ocgg gg__agu ussc
_ogegs se us_g__agu Csaucsc geseosc
ocseg Luas_ gs_sege.
C_oaz, goaesL LaLcsc, oe Csaucscc
LaLLOLgge. OLmCaas_squ q_ge_s_squ
CLagssLLLLe. Csaucsc g_egsc ocuLuas
94 95
g_e.
ue_, ac, Ooccu CLaeg saoascc uss_sqL
soLuas_ gs_g_eo gsCsaucscaqu. Cugu
gueu, m_assc CLaegeo Csaucsce ueLLascc
geLOLgg og_e. ceCo Csaucsc e__aa soLuasqu,
mLLc uegascasqu g_e ce _ga_sgg.
_u_ oa_q CsauCoa eeg__asCo _eug_g.
qceoaau, _oau O_a_og eaoqu geg cega.
Csauc coa mmc quss CoeLau ceLg L_Ouag.
sCsaucsc _ou _eusu ocg_g. ussceLCa
qggeu gas ue_ Cgau uouLuas_gsCsaucsc
gs_g_e ceLe_ _gsCgau.
s. s. 1. [nm
_u_gaLe gsCsaucsc gLsseosq
c_gssaLLas_ gs_sege. egoe egm gCuesc,
gescc ossLLLcc gLasc, Csazascc
_eussLLLcc se_ Coeoo gLasc eo _g_uas
ooeussLLLLeo. zae gsaes se_s saLsec
mcsqu oeeu _euggcce. Le nCoasascac
ooeussLLLL egoe gCuesc egu _u_gaLc
ooeussLLL nose Lo gas_squ __LLL
Loe_s sa@uCLag LeeL_ _u_ gLsseo
g@ssasec oasaoo eg_guesq mLo Oeegcc
OLassquaqu.
s. s. 4. mmm
Ouag C_aego_gq _eCL gmau C_aegag ceoau.
gma c__gssc egu Ouag c__gscasL
LaeL__LLoe_ gLLae, e Ouagscc saeoau.
gmaasec LeeL_ _u_sc sgscc o_gu,
Csaucscc oezggu oc__e. oeeu )LLLOLgg
gmaasc Csauc sogggu Cuc aez m_aeascgu
oezg_e. gsae, zaessaLsc _e _ou
mcssLLLLe. _eeL OLma Csauoc zaezae Cea_ee
ozoagg gaLss saLsc egu LLe_L Lass _sgg.
ooees soeosc saoOocc__ac _gaa oee_u,
uaga oee_u )LLLOLggsqu mge_ egu
CLagg_gqmag.
s. s. s. +rqmm
LeeL_ _u_sc gaLas seouc ggg mcase.
gaLau ceLg eeCaa aa a_g _qu. oLLgsazu
a_g oessc Lgg ausgg. sLoeaqu eL_e__
_og _Lgseo. nLc Ceaq, ueoCeaeou gsqu
osac _Lgu, LaLgu cegac uesaasag.
LeeLssao_C_ _Lc gs_o_gq _zaqsc g_e.
uzg_cscgu O_sscgu, Csauc _gg_ggu,
uaLuacesscgu, ueLLascgu usc ouOLaoss
_e. es ogsses_u seog ue_u Oeco
__Co _Loe gLLuaqu.
_Loco gLeusc mgo cege_ssLLLLac. gLe
use a__e cege_ssLLLLae. occs a_g, _see
ogLL _u qegsqzeo, guaeo ogLLL _u.
_oa qzeo OLesc esCsa__au qzeos a_g
g@aess a_g, qeeos a_g CLaegeo ossaascc
saeLLu a_g oesscaqu.
oe _seg a_g _aeLou ceLLu.
eeoLOLussc _e egoee _u sLqcas, _uLos
a__eas, _Lc ocoaeas gLzaeeasL CLagg oease.
eoeoL OLuss_u guaeos q__gs
CsamaLe _u seeeasL CLagge.
_u_ gaL_ gsCsaucsce gLeuag_sc Lo
gaLa gs_osec gs__gussgasc. osc
96 97
egoee gmecaaLg saLsec gaLaua ussec
LsgL LzoeLL_gussgasc ceLgu scOoLsc
_ou _gaLLsgg. ggLe uag_sce gLessaLsc
Csaucscc gLascas ooeussLLLLe. oggogC_
eega Lz_ gaLau ceg seo C_aegag. egoeeu
_Lc _zeeasL La__g. gu _u_ e__aau saeo_ gss
gegau ggLzae gCue, gLesseosq g
c_gssaLLaqu. ggaL OLgaLgq Lz_sseo q
gg_ OsaeL cegac uesaasag.
s. s. o. mg+om
_u_ ussc ne_LCL Oecouas Osae oa_g_e.
gez sLCoau gzmau C_L OLac ocu OLsse.
us_o gegg_ ussc oa_mc m_ass_sqL Leuceo.
_e go_ O_oasec oeas m_assc Oe_e.
nu_O_agoau n_q_O_agc Oeg us_g_e. Lu
oco_gqu ue_squ sazeuae gmaee oeas m_a
Oo__e. essez OLaasoL, su eo_gL LeLac
Oeg gmaee ogLLLe. __ggaec e_ua_u __cgac
OLaasc ggacass OsaeLae. n_qsqu O_aggsqu
n_ma sacgeLs_sq geg LazaLu m_aoas uggac
uaLL OLaasc m_a OsaeLae. _e LazaL n_ma
ngqsqu gLsqu mgg eo_g sa@u OLaasc
m_aOo__e. ooag OLaasc ggac _u_ ggacas
egu mcaqoe_s saeoau. Cugu ggacc
usmzL, mgCLa - ugCLa, oacCLa CLaeg mz
mecaaLssec mecaa us_o
O_agc Oegss n_ma saomaaggsq m_a c__e.
_ua_u a-_u gac _LOLssas OsaeLa gau
mu gss Cugu __uag Coe ogLLLe.
__u_ OLaasc m_aCo oLssc usz easzaggaass
OsaeLaLLLsgg. gga OLgaLsq_ _u_
ogLaL_egugu ogsaLaas g_e.
s. s. . ;+mm msmm+r
LeeL_ _u_eLa mz_u mecaaLu eegC_
g_e. ugCLau, mgCLau, mz mecaaLLasCo
ggssgg. g _mz OLe q_ge_s_sq _uuaee,
mec CLaegeou _e q_ge_s_sq ggc, gLeg,
gC_ CLaegeo mecaaLLas g_eu _ga _sgg.
_u_ ao Cegg mecaau mecaaLssc _ou
qggeu neou, Cegg oa_u _o_u OLs
gaLLLgegu OuagLLgegu oc__g ceoau.
s. s. . I. gmmor
LeeL_ _u_me mzmecaaLc gcossLu qeg.
e_ _ssao_g gg__oc ceL. _Lss_aa_
saecsec _LssL LmeasL OLesec ueLL. LeeL_
_u_. om_aCo _gCLagu sa@u OLaasoeg
gcossLLas geLOLgsgg.
s. s. . z. @][; mg+
u_ gossLqc - ggze. ggzee ogLLL ussc
ggze Cscsesscc us_ggLLe_L CLaoCo _aas_u,
us_ggss mum, oeg_ sao_ge - __ goa gaec
ggz m_aoass OsaeLa us_o. om_a _e_u
me_uas , o gaLsc geLOLgu. ussc Cscsesscgu
mz mecaaLsscc us_ggLLe_Ca muo. OLac
LeL_C_a, nequ, OLa_u _c_g us_o. Lo
CueLscc eeu, a_gu geLOLgu. om_a
eassao_gc gggg_g ceLe_ oLLgsazu _ou
_gsCgau.
s. s. 8. n 0o+s:om
3. 3. 8. 1. __a . nosLOLaguegaau gsqgc
_u_sce OsaeLaaqu.
98 99
. 1. g mss
_. 1_ m1omm ms:mm
. gzamL Ouagsc aaeo
z. _u_ LeLaLe szua c_ees agoau
. LeeL_ _u_me LeLaLeL _ga n_qoe aaeo
+. _u_me _soa_q cooesuc _eug_g
. gggee q_ss_ge _eoussc aao
o. ueeuaLea oc_o cooag gLmssga
. LeeL_ _u_me mz_e_ coggc _gaoau
a. gacoesL LeLscas agLLoe aaeo
s. eassao_gc CLa cu_eguc geLOLggg
o. O_acsaLmau agu g_geesc aaeo
. mg_aog aag
z. _u__Cuaau_u Coeogceo cLCLag
@. q_ n[ _mmm _mm n m1o_ mo+mm
ms:mm
. eas ossaascac _gaLLu Oegsc aaeo
z. _u_ LeLaLe gLs agasa ueoa_ses Lggs
ags.
. _soa_me La_gzascas LeLssLLLCLaza
ossaasc agoe aaeo
+. eas sao_ _uge _gLCLa _egea mom.
. co ug LeLssou Oeg__s aLaO_e gga@g
agsgg
o. eas sao_gc gLme Cueeueao eaegac mcsqs.
3. 3. 8. 2. m___m . __ u_gou ce_u _oes
u_go_e_ nosgq o_asaosc _u_sc.
3. 3. 8. J. _.n . _ugee _u_sce LeLLL nemgq
gg_ c_gssaLLaqu.
3. 3. 8. 4. azza azmo.m . LeOeasao_ggq _eeCz
sLLc sLuae_e_u, O_agc gLL_e_u _gggg_e.
_u_sc sLLc CLasqoz_g _u_sc seL O_agc
gLLuaqu.
3. 3. 8. 3. _[c_omza . L_g_u_ mggeez ozCogg
nLemLLgc OLus_o _eLg_e.
3. 3. 8. . qz . L_g_u_ gLmee num_u Cuoae_a
ug_gL CLagge. neoOaa_g L_q_Co gL cege.
3. 3. 8. 7. ao_a . _u_ sa_c ce_u Oeaceo _e
Oeg_g_c __oaa Lo geoscc LaeL_ge.
3. 3. 8. 8. ;m . LeeL_ _u_me oa_q _egCa _oscg
mzu Oegg_ oa_q _eg ceoau.
3. 3. 8. v. mo.m . uu gLme nu oa_as somuae
ceg _u_sc uae_e_ num_u Cuoae_a CLagge.
3. 3. 8. 10. a . sLqc Oggsq Cuoae_a OLesc sg
Ogguc oa_gg _gaaL s_ OLgge. ssgeLeu
_u_me nama q_ss Oggaau.
ogeg CgasquCLag LeeL_ _u_, ggaL
OLgaLgq o_asa _cogg LeLaLs OsaeL Lgg
_ga _sgg.
100 101
. mgg Lgg eas ossaascac _gaLLu Oeg
aag
a. sgeLeu Lgg eas ossaasc agoe aaeo
@. q_ no _mmm _mm qnn m1o_
mo+mm ms:mm
. _u_ LeLaLs agscc _eoaaa_asa sa_c, mzu
Lgg mom.
z. =es uggu OsaeLea eas ossao eaegscac
mcsq.
. eas_ _u_me gL, mgC_auLc Laasee O_aq_gs
ags.
+. nos qeuLLaLc eas sao ussce Lasee mom.
o. +s no+o_ mo+mm ms:mm
. L_g_u_me LeLaLs agsec_ O_aq_g c_gs.
. z. g mss
_. 1_ m1omm ms:mm
. _ma _uge O_aeeuea cooag mcsqsga
z. ___u_aog aag
. _so g_eesec c__u_ qgLmsegg
+. _euame acmee cg qgLmsegg
. nLoe OuLasec c__u_ qgLmsegg
o. eesq Le ceL OLa ozs sazeu aag
. eeLLaLcsec agga eaeCga oezs ag
a. ee Lgga qgLsc saeLLu ossaasc zeeLs
ags
s. oLLgsaz_gc gaLsu Lgg _goe aaeo
o. mgsao Cea_sao_gc gaLss seoeaL Lgg ag.
. uCeaeuca_ge _ma aa
z. gaLs nose _ge_ ceLLLo aa _ozg
gaLsasecs ag.
. gaLs nose uau ceL CLaggLLLo aa
+. CLzg _eeame gaLsasc zeees ag.
. gaLs_geg oauoas gezosc mzsa__ gacoezs
qgLm.
o. gaLs nose gauLoaesc aa ge
. s_uss ozoagg gaLsasecs ags
@. q_ n[ _mmm _mm n m1o_ mo+mm
ms:mm
. eas_ _u_ _egu _a ce qceoaa CoeLs sazeu
aag
z. ac, ee, gaLsu ce_u _egu cogeg mcsqsegg
. aggu_ Lgg _ma agoe aaeo
+. aggugc _Laqu Oegsecu _euLeLu ags.
. ee__uge gLmees ag
o. _u_ _u oa_mc Lu OLgg LaLcsec omeeLL_gs.
. gaC_aLaeee ce oLOuagaa c_ees agea
a. zaga e _eeaeo OeLaa _ugeesq _gga
_uLc aag
s. gaLs_ _uge gLLas _ma agoe aaeo
o. ce oes OuLLasecs ag.
102 103
@. q_ no _mmm _mm qnn m1o_
mo+mm ms:mm
. aggu_ Lgg _ma agu Oegsec_ O_aq_g
c_gs.
z. L_g_u_ ee gcscas _gaLLoe aaeo
. eas saoL Les_u, eessms_u Lgga
Oegsec O_aq_gs ags.
+. a uggu s_u gggaescc gaLs_ gegue
ocoea mom.
. gaLss seo Lgg OLeuLLL Coea Oegsec_
O_aq_g c_gs.
o. +s no+o_ mo+mm ms:mm
. ee_ _u_ Lgg _ma agu Oegsec_ O_aq_g
c_gs.
z. gaLs_ _u_ Lggu __e oco uggu __e
egaeuaaeueau mom.
. S. g mss
_. 1_ m1omm ms:mm
. O_aeeuaae _u_ osse gcsecs ags.
z. O_acsaLma_ge _ma aa
. gee ceg Oeacoe OLac aag
+. gggeesc ce O_acsaLma agoe aaeo
. qg_geeue nmLOLac uggu O_ou Lgg
c_gs
o. u_gouaog aag ggo nmLOLac aag
. gLOLacaog aag
104 105
a. OoL, szge_ geesc qgL c_gs
s. o, sa_ geesc Lgg c_gs
o. LaLae geeaaog aag
@. q_ n[ _mmm _mm n m1o_ mo+mm
ms:mm
. nos_ C_aggu Lgg O_acsaLma agoe aaeo
z. _Lo uggu OLe geoaas O_acsaLma agoe
aaeo
. _s_geeaaog aag
+. qg_ gee Lgga Oegsecs ags.
. _ceo_ gee Lgga Oegsc aaeo
o. Og_c gee Lgga Oegsc aaeo
. O_acsaLma agu g q_ssasc L_gees ags
a. gueL, oaes_ geesec mom.
@. q_ no _mmm _mm qnn m1o_ mo+mm
ms:mm
. O_acsaLma gee oesscasL LaqL_gaeuea
mom.
z. Laeoue C_aggu Lggu ggoo Oegscas
O_acsaLma agoe aaeo
. O_acsaLmame g_gee Oegsec_ O_aq__
Laasee mom
+. goes goLLaqLasecu, OuLLaL neqsecu
mom
o. +s no+o_ mo+mm ms:mm
. O_acsaLmau Lggu, O_acsaLma agu _s_gee
LaqLasec mom
z. O_acsaLma agu g_gee LaqLasec_ O_aq_gs
ag
. 4. g mss
_. 1_ m1omm ms:mm
. eas sao ussce eua_ O_aLLae gumsessc aaeo
z. agesea oease _u_ - ceLe_ cooag
_gaoau
. sLqc ceg OLamLs sazeu aag
+. oOLuaee Cog OLasc aaeo
. guac Lgg eas gcscac _gaLLoe aaeo
o. gu__asc - qgL oezs.
. O_eo__a cege_ssLLLLo aao
a. L_ge oessua oLLgsazu agoe aaeo
s. gzamL nLgL_u ceg OLeusqmag cg
o. OLc__ euas saLmaasc zeees ag
. oLLgsaz_e_ aggao aa
z. osg_auc aazac aggLLLLg
@. q_ n[ _mmm _mm n m1o_ mo+mm
ms:mm
. sLqc, aqc, eg ce eas ossaascac
_gaLLoe aaeo
z. oe ogLa Lgg _ma agoe aaeo
. gsc oessu Lgg gm _goe aaeo
+. eeo Oggea c_gezsqu gcsc oogegs ags
. eue euas saLmaasc Lgg _ma agoe aaeo
o. gsqgce OLeuea _ma caaeu qgLmsga
. ggsaLmaasc aaeo
a. _u_me ages ogLa Lgg _ma agoe aaeo
@. q_ no _mmm _mm qnn m1o_ mo+mm
ms:mm
. m_mee Lgga Oegsec_ O_aq_gs ags
z. eua_gegssae Lsg ossaascas _u_su
o_asaeogeg O_aq_gs ags
o. +s no+o_ mo+mm ms:mm
. eas ossaascc saeLLu euas s_gscas
_ma agoeogeg O_aq_g c_gs
. . g mss
_. 1_ m1omm ms:mm
. gsCsaucsc LeLaL euaasc cooag
z. _oau oOeacoe OLaecs ag
. Csaucsc e__aaL soLasc ceLLLLC_e
+. _eeL OLma Csauc aazac sLLL OLggg
. OLaasc ggac oLgaLc cee OLamc OsaeLaLL
Lsgg
o. L_g_u_me mz mecaaLsc ceo
. gcossL _e eassaoL OLa cee
a. _Lcoco gLeusc, gLeuse cooag _e_ssL
LLLe
106 107
108
@. q_ n[ _mmm _mm n m1o_ mo+mm
ms:mm
. ggaL LeLaLsq _u_Ouags OsaeL ce _ma
agoe aaeo
z. gsCsaucsce OLeusec _ma qgLmu
Oegsecs ags.
. Csaucsc geseosce mgLmLu - caaeu
+. gmaasce gLeL _ma caaeu mcsqsga.
. _u_ Leesaau OLaasc ggaecL Lgg c_gs.
@. q_ no _mmm _mm qnn m1o_ mo+mm
ms:mm
. gsCsaucsc ggaL LeLaLc _u_s Lasee
nosgao Oe_euea mom.
z. gaLas seoue gLLas _ma agu Oegsec
O_aq_gs ags.
. _u_s szaua mecaaLsc oogeg mom.
o. +s no+o_ mo+mm ms:mm
. ggaL LeLaLgq _u_s_ge OsaeLuee_ O_aq_g
c_gs.
0. @gg msqgg
eJsm Gss
nos ue_sc _eeou geL_e_ gss eL_e_
_eLa musege. _omeL_u g_g geo_g
ssCoeu ceg Cugu musege. _eac nos
ussc _eeou _asc oa_gacc ggsaou eL_e_u
ggsaou geL_e_u uaguag __Lm_g ooe_s
saesCgau.
nosL OLacsc ogaas ussc __Lmsqu eLu
ggeLu ceLLu. m, oaec, ueem ussc Oea_g,
ssu ceLeaaqu oggeL_e_Ca _zocoe.
nosLOLacsc _ee_gu _gu _eeu neLaeo
__oac ggeL_u geoOLgg gcoauc _gggmsgg.
nosc _gaauc geoOLgg geg eLagauc
__Lmss_ _qg_ eLu nccg. _omeLu CLmeLu
ceLLu OLoa_q. LCLmeLL OLoa_eo ussc
__Lmss OLmCaasc egoeg _Cca oq__ ogCa
euaascaqu oeuaascc gg euau, eue, OLc__
euaasce C_aggu, CsaLLasc, uggu _ogge
LeLaLs agsec mmoas LLaL_gc saeoau.
0. 1. @gg eJ
_masc gggg )z_gc o_gog_CLag _osec
ggssc _cog ggssc ceL Lazsu, sCzssu
_e__gog_e. _osc meLgga euaCu gg euau
ceg o em_gz _masc agsege. gga gaLeme
u_Cu gg u_u ceLOLac agoau ne.
109
q gaLe OLazaCoa, q _gge OLazaCoa gug
qLaogg u_u ggLLLg ceLg OLa__uggg. __oac
_e neeuLOLaec _ga Coeog _oauaugg.
gg u_u ce_u OLa __e Osacesea
CugOsaeog__aqu.
gg _cog _gg ceg Oeaceo _u-g ceL
mmssoau. _u - _ueeuc, g - gssLLoe ceL OLac
Lu. g nu cg_ saze_geaoaog oggo_as g_ac,
__gaz_e_ _esq ggLLL gazuass sg _sgg _eoz
Coeu. ___esaoCe gg _oae. _LLeuss
ussec OsaeL u_Cu gg u_uaqu.
_eCL sLqc. egoe ccoa nuscL_gu gasauc
oa_sgae. ccoa nusce nLueLCa _oe Csauoas
Osaeccae. __oac cg_ nume nLgsqu geLu
Cgzaoeeu _eoscLu _e Oeg_geac _c
oouasa _eLoeg _c OLgoau. _ee g_o
_u guggz_gc,
_eu o_u zeOLeL _gmoa
_eCL ouao _au _gsoa
_eCL ouao _au _gg_me
_eCL oua _uggg _aCz - cesga.
o. I. I. os+qs q1mm
gg u_u ceL_gq eea_e _uu ce Cog q
OLa agoau ne. _gq _gmcoa_ _gu ceLg
OLac. Cugu gg euau _egCa gOgg, _cOgg
_oOgg, OuagOgg, eeuassu ceg Lo OLasecs
OsaeLg. euau ceL_gq eeu ceLg Lqgaa nLueL
ocLL_gq neqL OLaeco eeuLLg CLao egoee
_eLo_gq LsqoLL_gog _e OLacaqu.
o. I. z. @] ommn 0n_smom
gg euau sao__ac usqu O_aeeuaaeg. _g
qsao_gc noOsaqu Lzmug_g ceLe_ _gsao gme
e_OLac _zao __oaoggac _gaoau.
mg euaasc agu Osacessc Lo gug gg eua_gc
_ssa Lu OLggcce. __oac nosc ncc ccoa
u_as_squ _ao euauas gg euau nccg ceoau.
gg euau mg euaasec gqL__auc _ogge
CsaLLasec ug_g _zoee_go Oecsgg. mg u_asc
_asc u_Cu nag_g ce mzeazu Oe_ CLagu _g Lgg
_eauc _e geouc gg _a_auc nagg mcaqsgg.
gg euau Oogu gumses neCoa gegmLauc
qoOoa Osaceseau _zagg egC_sasec _sgg
_gmeeL sLog.
ue_ neqsecs sLLLaLsqc nLL__auc
s_ggzua oa_u nmeuea _cLLgu gg eua_ge
gLLae _ueu _qu.
cog__au ggog__au gcoa_me oauoas _sg
OLgoau ce_u neeuea nosgao Oesgg.
nos oa_sesCaa eua oa_seseau ee_g
ggsg _eLao Oeog _e _eo gL.
_sg OLgo_gsae og _egsec ussce oag.
_gq _gosq ggL cc_ass meLggo Oeogu ma
agaqu.
ussc Oe_ gcmee )mees_sq_ _qg_oag
ugmgL ne ceLe_ oog_g, ussce eL, geL
oa_qsqs sazeu _eoCa ceLe_ mcsqog.
110 111
o u_asc _gmagsq OLa__ugg Osacessec
neLaeoa ss. gg u_u mae__agu nez
_aa_ OuLOLaec _eg Ouae__ac e_as
ausgg.
__esa OLeusec Cogg gaLL OLussce
aLLascc soau mCosaeg_ CLaeg ggu_ aesc
c_gaumcce. _ogegs CsLL Lo Cueo gaL
_gs_u, L_gmess_u gg u__e_ OLeuLL_g
CLu c_gu LazaLcce.
__esa u gLu uss eua OLeusec gau
_gogLe mg _gu oeeu mcsss ag ggLcaagg
Coeu.
o. I. 1. __mso omm+om
gg euau _egCa eeou, eoeou saeaL_au,
Oscuazu, eas_u, Oeczu ceg _goesaasL Lq_gs
agLLsgg. g_o _ee qegg CLq og _g
__gqc ceg agsga.
somm: o OLuaee ____g sLqcas
gggsOsaeL euau eeou ceLLLLg. eeo_gc Lg,
Ls, Laeu ce_u _LOLac neeu usqu mcssua
agLLsgg. ogeg egoe nu, _ec cequ ago.
Ls-_ee nu cequ _eua cequ ago. nosc
cecoa nusc nc. Lsoasa nu Lae_e_ mL
gaseac m CLgeg _eLaoau ceg CsaLLaLeL
mcsqsgg.
smomm : mq@eo ____g sLqcass Osae
ogLu euau eoeuaqu. g oLseo, O_eseo ce
oesLLu. oL seoaa oL Ouaguc ncc Co_
ea_gzas_sq __oLu OsaLL. O_e seoaa _u_
Ouaguc ncc __oascac _cLOLgg mzLg_as_sq
gggu _o.
o+o+nmm : seLgCa ____gLzu OLac.
gasaz omeeas _oez ogLL Coeu ceg
CsaLLaLeL neLag saeaL_au. _ee seaL_au
cequ o_aqo.
0omm+;m: quazeasa _sCe sLqc. CLmeL
omeeas _oee ogLL Coeu ceg CsaLLaLeL
neLag.
o+qm: esgea ogL sLqcass Osac_u euaCu
eas_u _qu. esg ogLa - esgCa O_ou. _oez_
_aaas ogLL Coeu ceg CsaLLaLeL neLag.
0om;m: gmaee ogLsLqcass Osacog Oecz
euauaqu. CLOzac omeeas _oee ogLL Coeu
ceg agog oeuauaqu.
oae _gaa, _goeso eua_C_asqu _ooo
OLaca sLqc aaqsga ce ausgg. _e
_eLaacuasCo gug o _oaascc seLg, _se,
gmae, mq@, _ueuaLL uggu gsesauue _sa
gqoasec _eu_g ogLa Oeg oseCgau.
o. I. 4. @] omm @mm+om
qoOoa eua_ggqu _ssauae eua gc qoOoaeg
nccg. gug gg eua_ggqu Co_u, _suu, C_a_gzu,
ea_gzu, gsaeu, zaeu ceL Lo gcsc ncce.
6mq+om: O_msuae s_gsec_ _e_c _Lss
ueg_g eo_gLL_ac _g uegOaeL OLa OLggg.
Co_asc gaeq. Co_asecL Lgg mmoas _eeCz
La_C_au. Co_asec maae gaesas oq_gcca.
Co_asCca O_aLLeLa eu_e_sc, mzauueasc,
_zeasasc uggu nLgL_asc gg eua ossaasca
OLeu Cessege.
112 113
@om+om: eo Oua__u L_O_L ceL.
_suu cegac _euassce Laeasec gss mCLgeg
___c ceoau.
0gsggJ.
z._ ___.a . g_eg ceL_gq _ueu
_eLg_osec oCuaasqseg _egOaeL OLac
ago. eeo_ g _egsc Leeze.
gaeeuLg_ _ca C_oazu __c _eg
g_egscaqu. tgsseLssaLi
ggaqssze _ca C_oazu gaeq, ggg, _g
g_egscaqu. tgLLaLi
sg_z __g soausc _ca C_oazu g_au
g_egaaqu.
uacssoaes soausc _ca goaesu,
gsCsaeoaa - cLLau g_eg
guaces_ C_o __oaa qeLgeu _ca
gmeeLLa, gLLcoae - qeL_au g_egaaqu.
g _oC_ogaaea tg_oi _ca guggzu -
L__au g_eg
goaooaeLaa, saezssaoueuaa __oa
Leeo _caeo - LgOeaegau g_eg
Cess_a soausc _co Oe_ OLma zaeu
ceLLu g_O_aeL zaeu - LeezeLau g_eg
+m+m; [mmn n;n]qm:
eoeo eua_gc, mq@eo _u_L Lauaeoscac
ogLLL Lee __oasc _co Oe_eo. _u_g_u
ea _ugec mcuma oscg Laszasc C_e CLaeg
O_ms neeo mLoe _qu.
somq+]q o+[;+om:
ea_gzasc + _qu. ogeg Ou seL ea_gzasc
ceL. oggc _eo gg_g oae CLa_u. ou cegac
qLLgg OuL OLac. aeu cegac __ee _g_c.
CLa_u cegac O_c_c. ceCo oae CLa_u cegac
qLLgg OuLOLacasa sLqec _ggg O_ca n_qu
gc ceg OLac g Ou seL C_ozac _co
OeaLLLLg.
_eea_g _egg oaeama soauscac
aggLLLLg oae _gaa ceL_au. Cugu nuaLg
oaeamaazac cL gcsc c__LLLLe. Ou seLa,
_c ggg, nuaLg ou _sa eg_eaoeamaasc eeo
__ag__e_ _egLL_gao ceg OLeu
LeL_C_azao.
@[o+o+om:
ggaame qLLgg mz samaasc zauaaeu uggu
u_aLaz_u _qu. gsaeu ceL_gq g)s_e_ gqLeu
Oeu ozoag ceg OLac. zauaae sama_e_
aggao oacus _eozaoa. gc _zegg, e_a
LmLaoeu. mcecsce sLeu, OLmCaa ogLa, sgme
Cueeu _sa nama Oggsc mcssLLLcce.
Laz__e_ aggao maae _eo. _ee gg_au
Co_u ceg gLm_gs ago. gc coa_g Cog caqu
OeacoLLLmceo ceg gLmee neLag. aegcscc
_eogg_ Lso_e_ __c _Lasccg. ooag
gsaeas_u _u, __u CLazaLL_gc _uCu _mc
Oogg OLgu ceLe_ geq mcsscce.
q;+o+om:
zaeu ceL_gq L_euaae ozoag ceLg OLac
ceLe_u zaeasec c_gao Co_ maae ceLe_u
114 115
_ee nosgq _c__o g_zacs ceLe_u
_gCoau. Cugu usazaeasc LgOeL cegu _oggac
ne__LLu neeusecu _gCoau.
__esa gg eua ossaasc _ee_gu Co_u
ne_gu =_au o_, _uu ez ceLe_Ca oog_g
sege. gg eua__o _eeou uCuoae
neeusec_ _u oa_mc seLm_g ma oa_eo
CugOsacCoau.
o. I. s. @] omm 6o+rn+om
gg euau oog_gu ea_aze _gs CsaLLasc
_mz _ssauaeeo ze,
i Co_ag_ Oggsc
zi Lso_ e_uc agLLu gaeq Caasascasa
uassasc.
Co_ag_ Oggsc _egCa __eo_u, mqLa_ eo_u,
geo_u _qu.
. 1. 3. 1. __._m
__eo_s CsaLLaLeL nosgsc__o easz. o
sua zoo _es_sq_e Cszcuago_gc sao ce_u
mmc _o_m__a. cu oagCoCa ggmaas Co_ag_s
s_gscc sezseLoza saquzu oez sacgeLaasCo
Oeega. Oeeg Lascc ccoau gug nama __eo_s
s_gsec LzLmea. uLaoaasec ggmea. eue,
OLc__ u_s Osacessecs se_g oa_a Oogg seLa.
ozg Ooggaac Le_a Co_ag_ Ogg ueu _e__
C_aasag. __eo_s CsaLLasc Co_ag_ u_u cegu
_eeL meLggCoa Co_aggsc cequ ago.
__eo_u ce_u Oeaceo _ - geo_u ceL
mmssoau _ = ceo, geo_u - ze. __eo_u =
zeLgg qeg _sumuauu - gae mzuuua
ssCge ceLg. mzuuu ceg q OLaCc neeu,
geoaaeg. goesc _ee_gCu mzuu _o. egoeeL
Lzua_ua cegu nusec goa_ua cegu qoOoa
goa_uaqu Lzua_ua _ae ceLC_ o nama CsaLLa
_qu. gau sa@u nosu, suggc sa@u LaueLLCLac
OLa_ C_aggL OLacaqu. qCz gmae g_ goeosc
Looggc Looas_ C_aeg_c CLao q mzuCu ccoa
nuscgu geo_gccae. guuLu ncc _m_e_aac
tLaeui LCLmeL_e_ nez _aauc ssCgau.
_m_e_s sLsc _ee_gu mos aeu C_aegu CLag
neeuaae eLu seLsqu cesga. ggeouc mzuu
uauas mCLgeg _eLaoau cega.
. 1. 3. 2. uzo_._m
oCo_ag_ Oggea nosgq _c__o zaua_g
_oa. o OeasgLL uaoLL_gc ncc _OLugmc
s.m. o-c _o_m__a. _ug Lgeeg_au oag oez
mLCoCa Co_ag__ __goasec sgggg_a. mee
_zasu Oeeg OLma gumsecs qoass Osae Cugu
_u __gos CsaLLasec _gggOsaeLa. cog_gc
g_ o _u LgOeLLau oagc ggq CugOsaeLa.
mzuu g_gzu Lso_ e_ __oaogggq _ug
mqLa_eo_s OsacesLL nez c_gea.
mqL - __eo_u = mqLa_eo_u. __eo_u
zeLgg qegas nccg. mqLu - mCequ.
mqLa_eo_uaeg goa_uaqu Lzua_uaqu qCz
OLacaoaeeo cegu goa_ua Lzua_uamogg
OocLLLLg cegu agsgg. _g, __go Cesesaac
mcaqu zeLgg_ae mzuuu neOLeLC_ nLs_g.
mzuuu qoCz. _o e_g cegu mzuuu cegu
=uoze cegu mq@ cegu OLa OLgsga. _o
116 117
_g ce_u __uaqL_u __g ceLLu eL_C_au
cLCLagu Ceggssga. Lzua_uaCo geoaaeo. s_ggzu
neLao _gu __gu _oezo eaggLLeo. _eama
_e, sg, uug - gumses, CuaLe mLLu, nos
_ee _g_c, _u g_ee, Co_ Lazaaeu, eag easuo
Ceses __oaeoggac suLg__e_ mL _sg OLgoau.
. 1. 3. J. _._m
gOggea _cog eua_e_L LzLmao u_go. o
g_o gaLc ncc nLmsq _sc _ggC_uozu
ce_u szau_gc _o_m__a. _ug qeL_au oagc
_os_mzsaeme Lzas ggq CugOsaeLa.
smqm: gm cegac ze. mzLe_u, Lzua_uaqu
Cogaeeo. Lzua_ua _e, uggeo _gc Ceza_eo ceL_au.
Lzua_ua, goa_ua, gL nosu - eo cozagu
neLassLLLa_ g_gaL OLacsc. nosu q C_aggu
_eg. s_ggzu ego_sq uLu ne. su_e_
gsseac mCLgeg _eLaoau.
o. I. o. sq o1m +s m+1o+om
ue_e _ae CLaseg CLassCoCa _eee mLLac
_oe LLLaas g_aeua ocoaeLoae. g _gq
numogg _ggqcc ue_eas ocg_ Lmeau oco
eas saesCgau. Cugu qL Oeeg O_ms_ _eeu
_eLaoau. LL sao_C_ oco _aCe gs_u ce
_eo cgu og _cog mLdosa uassu ceL.
uagas ue_e _e nLc _os, ueu _gq _saogeg
LaeL_g OL _ag Oeg egaecL OLgg
mezmc _eee _eCeggs Osacog m_asu uassu
_cog Lgsqu og ceLLu.
_eee_ _aCe na_gs Osac_u uassasc tOggsci
_egCa,
. ae uassu
z. zag uassu
. su uassu
+. Lsg uassu - ceLeoau.
eo _egCa aeOgg, zagOgg, suOgg uggu
Lsg Ogg ce_u Caasu cegu CLaggLLsege.
. 1. . 1. _o. mooaam
aeuaae _gqeLaosc gcoe_u OsLLe_u
_ggg, cegu geo_gLLe_u, mezmc _ggg
moe_u gg_g neu _ggc neLaosc. o
_gme gee Osae e_ga_e_u __euaae
LzuOLaec C_u ogCa aeuassu ceLLu. gc
_gmgq ogsaLoe _egCa Co_ag_asc, nLgL_asc.
Lso_e_ _saequ, zueusmq, _zmg_, _auaeo
uggu g_o uggu Lo _eCga _sCaame
nLC_eas_u _qu.
. 1. . 2. _;o_ mooaam
ue_e sa neqLe nLu, _os, ueu ogegs
sLLL_g, q_aqL_g, _esqcCc qcggsLsqu
esgsec_ ge OocLL_gog zagCaasu ceLLu
gCo zaguassu ceLLsgg. _e gg oLau
uegc _cog nemc C_aegu _eosec _Lsqog
_qu. qu ceg mzeou aq ogLLLLsegg.
. 1. . J. aom mooaam
oa_sesuc ue_e Oeseg qoOoa Oeagsqu
ze m_uae Laesc ss Coeu.
. _oOeaoeac e__aa_ggq oaLu seLss Coeu.
z. _oOeac _o_eLa O_o Lsgea ocss Coeu.
118 119
g_ m_uae Laesc neLaeoaas qoOoa
Oeaeou _squ mgeas su Ogg ceg OLamc Lso_
e_ ne_gsgg. O_agc oa_ses, goa_ses ceg
Ooc oa_seseau qc__c, gL__c, ne@_c, _aeu
Oe_c CLaeg Oeag_ oa_sesue Oeacsc _sa
_ee_gCu _esq _s eL_u e__aa go_u ocuL
Oesege. q ue_e _e Oeag_ oa_sesuc Oeseg
_eeu, mzaeaaauu, _ou, ge@ogq _sa _ee_gu
nos geeusqu n_quL ccCoau eL oa_qoa_
e_ og Oeacsegg.
ceCo e__aa_ge _as_gezasa qoOoaou
___u sLeusec _egaasqu ggeuaasqu _ggoe_
suuassu ceoau.
. 1. . 4. za_ mooaam
LzuOLac ug OsaeL _emeac ue_e _sge_ea
qg_g, _e geuea_ _m_g, noscama
neqccoea gaasu, _e oaaoas nama geoea
_eLog Lsg uassu.
Ls_e ce_ gusgaCea _goasCo _ae
_smsgae ceLg e_uc seee s_g. e_
neu m_u gau meooeoggc saeoau. _Lss_eLa
ezuog CLaeg O_oasec oeaquCLag Ls__u
LcqeLoe _sgae. Lgggg oeaez oeaqu CLag
Ls__u Lggggoeasgae. _e uqg_ seeee oeaqu
CLag _uu _sa _g ggqeasecs OsaeL egoee
LsgLLzoe__ac ogLuCLag ga_u _g_ _g
ggqeasec neLaozasCgau.
o. I. . @] omm mg+om
egoeg Lm_ze _c Ls__sq seLsqu ceLe_
gee_LL m_assc OsaeLaLLLsege. om_assc
ussc uegc _e, zssu, =es, ue_ Cgau __oae
ggesec oc_g _eus _geoL OLss ocuae
oa_ses oa_ n_qsege. __esa m_assc Lo _oggc
o.
. 1. 7. 1. qoua n_o__ o
mgaas _g_oL OLac. _oCz gasaz_ge
omoou. egoeL_gogg __g se C_aega qoCa
gasazuaqu. __oe _oez _eeou ogLL _u
qegsec secgg egsege. _osq _eC_agu
_oc ua_u _uaoaeesqL me ou gaesau gac
eg_g _eg m_as OsaeLa us_sege. om_aeo
ccoa _oaascgu, _oaucoa_ Lascgu, mscgu
gL_g us_sege. _oaucoa_ Lascc _gsaosuas
uec, eg_eu, Lseaeu, scue __oaoggac nou
Oeg ogLo. ogeg m_a _g_me gmc
sez_gmo. oL ggaamc sCeq eg_g ce
OsaeLaLLLsgg.
. 1. 7. 2. q;o__o o
goza_gm ceL_gq qeLg zqsc ceLg OLac
zLLa ua_gc _uaoaeesqL me ou qeLg gaLsc
zmc eo ocoeu OLagga LzaesgeaL Lo ooas
ogLL m_a gL_g osege. __e _eg gaLsc Laog
C_meau. g _eg gaLsc oLsu C_meau gg
_eg gaLscc ezuog C_meau _egaas ogLL
L__au gac mga_eu m_aeoo gLLass OsaeLa
osege. oL gaLgu, O_e gaLgu ncc ccoa
Csaucscgu om_a gLLas OsaeLaLLLsgg. L_g
zqsc om_a gLgg oo_ac _ee _eza cequ
o_aqsege. usLa sze ceg _zssee _g_g
C_osecs sa__ Lzaesgeas OsaeLau m_a oaqu.
120 121
. 1. 7. J. _zo
_zss qeu LeL__ gzsaszee o_u Oeg
gcoosecs sa__o guac. _e esza___ac gzsaszee
_g_g ussec sa__cea. Cugu ggaec us_qLe
OsaeLau m__gc _eg maoc ceOe C__g
qc_g __aeL _cgg eLsec ne us_o.
LLLasssec Oo_g go us_o. oL ggaamc )L
qc_ ggacass OsaeLaLLLsgg.
. 1. 7. 4. a[_;_ oaa
sos_gc seseL O_oua_ gs_u _sL
OLuaee geegg _ou aggu m_assc _eg. _eo
oazmz_u ceLLu Ooccss_eu mz_u.
gLe_gz mz_u ceLLog ua_gC_agu s_ges
gLe_gz__eg _see ogL_c, mz_u __c.
gg mz_u ceLLu eqggaeg _see ogLL
CugOsac_u mz_u.
u_eg m_ass_Cu gzee _g_g C_osecs
sa__ _sL OLuaee ogLu m_asscaqu.
. 1. 7. 3. __a aoo__.a o
sa_ges ua_u OLceu gacc sa_ges gLe_gzu
ou _eg OsaeLaLLLu m_aoaqu.
sa_ges gacc omee omeeaas gmcsCsgg caqu
mzsaeua OsaeLau o_ssu usL za_e saogO_aLCL
ggosgg. _gm_a goeeaueouc uso
gLLass OsaeLaLLLL osgg. _eg _eeaueo
__g Ceag ueoaa, _eaeoua, Ceae smaa_ gs_u
t_eu, Ceaeu - oL ggu - Ceag uaui. uueo
gg__a_ _oauzu _ naz_gc nccg. sa_ges _eg
ueoCuc OLma La_gzu qegc Og mgg, gc_ gmuL,
sg_z_e_ L mcsso. Lo s.u. O_aeomgq _LLagu
Lo gaLs_u oCeag qcmsu.
geess _sg _u _ouasa goeeaueouc
egoe ueoooa saL _cLL_a sgsege
OLceu, _uaoaee, _u_ ua_L mgL, mzC_aqu __oaa
gaLscc ueoea oou osege.
. 1. 7. . u;o__o o
om_a ua ua_u C_meg eg__uc geLOLgu
m_aoaqu. _eg oaoaascc zq gaeq sao _egsc
geLOLgu. _eg se mg_g Lsgu zqu nLoaeu
LL. ggacc goc OLg me_Coa _suasec
_zagg, _oggc Oeacoaca _egea _emeaCoCa
uegc gaae_g __g, )__u, _ou c_u _egu ggg
mcaqu _o_e_ _eLgg _aq c___ccc
oOLuaee ogLo. omz__e_ CugOsaco_ac
_gu OLs, Oeco_e_L OLgg, eL_ggu OLgg_
gecssoau. oec __euaa seLsqu ceLgc
gauceo.
om_assec_ _mz zaue, seee CLaeg
_o_azasce mgg_ gaLsc _egCa zaugou cegu,
_Ogagg _cog _sqe geuaqLu cequ ga
__ogu gLLass OsaeLaLLLsgg. Co_ maaeme
geeq gacae q _cua gLLe OsaeLaLLLsgg.
Cugu Lo m_assec OsaeLaLLLsege. _eo
_i wam ws o_a - ua ua_u - OLceu - usgLe_gzu
_i wac __p o_a - Laqeua_u OLceu - n_gz
gLe_gzu
i m_pa Owcvcw o_a - _gezua_u - OLceu -
_gez gLe_gzu
122 123
=i cosam osas m_a - eosa ua_u. OLceu - meas
gLe_gzu
ni _c_ __wscw - _eua_u - n_gz gLe_gzu
mi _w _pw - o_ _oascc _uLa_squ.
goco_gmc, _eLa_squ om_a uso
gLLe OsaeLaLLLsgg.
ci wp0_a o_a - qoOoa ua__ggu ocmeg,
C_meg _sa saoascgu gzCaa_ _eg
OsaeLaLLLsgg.
o. I. 8. o:+o_m omn;q+m+o_m
o:+om - mmom
Co__e_ mgg Osaccqu, mcsss Osae __eu
_eLaqu _g _asasc ncce. ogeg Co_aasasc
ceL. _eo _egCa
. Lee ceg c__gosseu
z. maaszeu ceg Oeacoosseu
. gs_u ceg OLacosseu
+. scLu ceg Oeac _eg
. eg_u ceg aaLmosseu
o. gCaagqu ceg CeagLu
g_ _g _asasec LaeL_g Oeu Oeacsc
nLoagu, ue__agu, guoesceagu OeaLLu. eo
_gu Co__ge _g _asasec __azuass OsaeLeo.
eo qLasasc _cog eLaqscceg o_asLLsgg.
qm o:+om
gg u__gc mgLL_gq _e_u, mggg oa_u
sao_ggu, gg_ mgqu eLaqsc mgssLLLcce.
oeLasee smea ceL. O_acsaLma _ee szeu
cega. uggzas_Le OeaLLoe gLLaeeo cegu
uggzu _gsu sooauc OeaLLoe OLagoaeeo
cegu agLLsege. _oggc o uLCu _gsao_gc
geL_eguc ncce.
I. o_0o+mmm (qmmmsmi
q OLe sqgg _egaog ua__gc sLL_ggq
com_ mgu neLasa_oag egoee Coeo_aqu.
z. msmo+nq (mm]qmi
OLe sqgg gaesaog _cog cLLaog ua__gc
q_ge_ue saLmgsas o C_osec Coe_oaqu.
sLmcue _eo_ea oq__c, _asc La_c, oecsaL
m_c __oae eumz_aa _egsc meLggLLsege.
1. g+qom ooqm (g+qo1mmi
g q_ge_ mgg_qLe Oea Coea smeaaaqu
C__u Ogu sogg C_oe_sec _zagLL.
oggLLos_sq L__u essezu o_aqo. q_ge_
geL __Le oa_qu, _gs aeu neLasqu,
eau_gau __q __oaeeo OLgqu mza__ee Oeo.
ggze Oeco oc_e_ Osassqu Coeo.
4. 0nm1 _r:m (+mo;omi
_ge_ue _ge_ _cog _a _cog _aue _ge_
_cog _a, uggu _u qo_gc CLaggL LLLosc OLaez
q_ge_sq eo_g _ogLL. o egoee
gLOLaezo gLo. _gsao_gc ce CgagqLL OLa
gLsege.
s. msmnnqm (qom+ m+osmi
gc mCeL uggzs smeasc cgqu ceo. s_gue
OLaL eaa oaeeu Oeg _ggez uameoscac
124 125
mLe Lo Lqgscgu O_cLL. ue_sc ugu
_Le_gez O_cLL. _eac s_g ggLo_as sgo.
o. g]sqsm 0mm6m 0o+o 0ommm
([;+momi
q_ge_ mggg gaequa_u _eme __e __oass
q_ge_ea mLeLmL Csaugsq _cog ngme
mLgq c_go Oeco. ooag q_ge_ue Laeasc
Ooggszua _eua egoee Coeo.
. 6o+_rqm (_ssnn;+osmi
_gau ua__gc Ceagu, _uu, Ogu, C__u sogg
mcecsq __e __oas CeagL_oaqu. q_ge_ nLc
go_C_au, geL gac neq _egaas ne oa_qu
sLqce _ec Coeo.
8. omm 0q+:+qm (mm+;mnmi
g q_ge_eaL Lccuc Cesseg m_aoaqu.
q_ge_sq ggg oa_aegu goza_gm m_a _oae
mga_eu ge_gCoa Cog gco gacCoa __e __oc
scm sgs q_ge_sec Lccuc CeLL.
_m gu, _ seLgCa gu ces ag seLgea
oeaso Oeg me qoa_sl qCo gee ceg ag
qeo oeaquL Oeo. me ezuog C_mea oeas
_aea_gc __aog Ogc _cog _muc _m ce_u
c__e_ c__qu Oeacoqu Oeo. ooag scmeas
sgs_ O_aLaqu geoCa m_aazuLu ceLLsgg.
9. o+ qm (o1o gomi
sag q_g_oe Cgassu qeLou. C_a __oa
sa_csec _co_aqu. _as_ge ogaasL Lau g
nLusq _Czassau _sgg. gco Oegsec, gg
s_gsec Oemue ncCc Oeg__Coeu, OsLL )a
Oegsec ncCc Oeg__auc gec ogaas OocCa
Oeg_g mL Coeu ceLe_u oeLaq qgssgg.
I0. m smqm (0ommmi
q_ge_sq __e __oas eoz Oeg eo__oaqu.
_aue uuc q_ge_ea eo_g_ _ge_u nLe gg
Oeu smea _qu.
II. gqm _omqm (nmsmi
q_ge_sq g_oa_aegu nLgaeu _cog _@c
_c ce_u eLaes gL_g eoss Coeu. gc _ssa
_ueu saa_m uggz nLC_eu _qu. nLgaes smea
Oeaa_os_sq )Lee Oeg eoss Coeu. nLgaeu
_cog )Lee OLgo_gq _e q mgLu nLgaeu
_cog )LeeL OLggme q mgLuas q ue__sq
q mgLmCoCa mgL ne ce gg u_u agsgg.
Iz. nmmmm 6o1qm (_mm+omi
q_ge_sc qqo_gc qqLe gg scm Lueg
oog gug _ms o_ssuaqu. qqo_gc scmu
geeL_e_u sggsOsassLLu. uaeo q aga
LcmeLsec Oea Coeu. _LuLz oa_sesueg
_eugCaau _LL_Coau scm Luo Coeu.
I1. [_mom (omm+omi
qqo oaeu _g_ me, qme __ugLe
gueu Oeg Osaco. gueo eLaqsc gau _gg_C_.
gueuae_gq _eLaacuas ueuse _eg eCsa_mue
n_mCaa guasogaee _oeamae Osass ueusc
s__gc _cmLL.
126 127
I4. __nq+m @o [sq mg+ (oq _nq g1[)
OLgCgamLu geg Oeg_gu OLaLu _osce
nLc gou qegauc gLuLL go_gLe g_g oa_ Coeu
ce Coe mcecsc OsaeLao_aqu. ggeL oa_eo
Oog_gs sLqc Lcea CugOsae eCuc _eus
Ogguc geoOLg Coeu ce ___uLga ngg
CugOsacoe_ ggs_o mcsqsgg.
Is. @m;m ns oo:mg+ (oq+n6:omi.
ceLg _cog ceL_g gaeq _escc Oeu
eLasgq e_amCLsu ceg OLa. ceLg _es_sq
Cuc oa_g_osec _uzu meg seLo ces ago.
Io. @]qns 0omm 1sm (_n;1smi.
que_e gg_me _oeg _eua gou _eLu
OLaL, _oeg use __oaCaa Oeu smeasq
_Lzssmea ceg OLa. use Oeu smea gg_oee
=CLggsgg. useeL _gze ceL. _gze ceL_gq
_O_e_u gzs_gc _ge_ m_gg og_auc
sezCaggLoe ceLg OLacaqu.
gg_osLq _co __oaCaa Oeu smeasc
eagg _cssege. __oac _a, _ge_asq _osc
gg_me mcecsc Oea Coea sLeusec
gumsesL_u, z_e_L_u Oea Coeu. LLo
Oeo_ac gu eg_g _e_squ ceLg _eCga oasq.
qmmm:
__ee eLaqsec Oeo_ac q ue__sq cee
Lae ceg ceeu Losq c_oau. gco _gqu _gggu
neLa qoe __ee eLaqs_u m_ass_u,
umaae_u, _eu _e_eLa Oogu nLgsq _co
ceLe_ nez Coeu. ncCc negu O_ouauae
__uamgq ce nez Coeu. eo ocoeu OLagga
LzuOLaec C_ _eLaCo oeLaqsc ogsaL
scasqu ge Csacscasqu ssege.
o. I. 9. @] omm 6o+rn+oms qmmm
gg euas CsaLLasc ccoaCu nag_ __go
_LLeLuc mcssLLLLeo. LsqoLLLa_ _euassc
mCLgeLu ogLaL _egscae nou uggu _oa
ogLaLeLu agsege.
gg euau eLaqsc, L_ss o_ssasc, m_assc
CLaegogggq saze samaasc ne ceg c_gs
agsgg. gg euauaeg _eus_ geguc seLgeouc
LLo_u, seL_C_ggu OLgo_gq cca og_egsecs
ag qoOoa ue_ee cgsao_ggqu qcea_ _gg
Osaessg eeagg euauaqu.
o. I. I0. @][mn non+rq[ @] omm[s 0o+s:
. gg eua_gc saeLLu cogu, ggogu, LosLqL
CsaLLa, ue_amuae neq, esL_ _eeu, nag_
_euss CsaLLasc CLaegeo gga LeLaLeLo
gLLeLao Oesege.
z. gg eua ossaascae Co_asc, nLgL_asc,
gsaeasc, zaeasc CLaegeo ggss_sCsa,
ggaamgq uLCua Oeag_u ce cee_aauc
nosCu ogeg CLaggo_e _o_u, _eugaae
oa_sesssae Caas Oggea o_aqo_e _o_u
ggaL LeLaLgq gg ossaasc Cugu
gLeLs aL gg eua eua_ge naqsq
ogoqssege.
. sLLLsseo, gLsseo, gmasseo, eesseo
oggc ue_ee _eus neqsc OLaggg
128 129
sLssege ceLe_ nosgqs saLa euau gg
euau _qu.
+. no ogLaL_eg, mCLgeLo_gsae _gOggs
CsaLLasc __eo_u, mLLa_eo_u, geo_u, eeo
__ag_ Oggsc CLaeg __gos CsaLLasecu
gga LeLaLgq _c_gLLLg gg euag_ae
ceLgc ggu gauceo.
. euau, __gou zee _LLeLuc oa_gg _eu
=CLggu OLgoau ces aga mqsc, aesc, Caassc,
__sc, euao eaeCgasc, __go aesc,
)ss_msc CLaegosecu gaas nemee
OocLL_gu C_auu, aasu CLaeg ogLaL
_egsecu, guoes_squ _LLagLLL _qsec
nosgq ne_g, ggaL LeLaLeL ccoau CLaggo
Oeogu gug L_uOLu gg eua_ge
oauoas__ae cegac _g uesaasag. ccoaogggqu
Cuoas ccoa eua_e_o eag_os_u gggsOsac_u
__go OggscLasa e_ goae Lso_ e_ea_
_ggcc euau, gg euau ceLg noOsaqu
mz__uae neeuaaqu.
0. 1. g mss
_. 1_ m1omm ms:mm
. ggceg Oeacoe OLaecs ags.
z. gg eua_ge gLLueu aag
. _goes euaasc aaeo
+. eoeo eua_ge mmqsc aaeo
. eas_u qgL oezs.
o. Co_asc ueg ceLLoC_e
. _suasc cegac cee
a. g_eg ceL_e OLac aag
s. uacssoaes c_ga gcsc ceo
o. g_o c_ga gc cg
. gaoauz_ goaL mzLg_u - qgL oezs.
z. oae CLa_ _ma aa
. gsaeu ceL_e OLac aag
+. zauae_e_ aggao aa
. gg euas CsaLLasc Lgg c_g. gg euau
oog_gu _ssa Co_ag_ Oggsc aaeo
_gOggsec_ C_aggm__o aa
o. gg euau oog_gu gaeq uassasc aaeo
. zaguassu cegac cee
a. Lsguassu cegac cee
130 131
s. gg eua m_assc Lgg c_gs.
zo. sCeq eg_g caq cLCLag OsaeLaLLLsgg
z. smea cegac cee
@. q_ n[ _mmm _mm n m1o_ mo+mm
ms:mm
. euau cegac cee _oggc oogegs ag
z. gg u__ge C_aggu Lgg c_gs.
. gg u_u Lgg g_o agog aag
+. eeo euas CsaLLaLeL mom.
. Lee g_egsec omeeLL_g
o. eeo __ag_ ea_gzasc aaeo
. gsaeasc ne_gu nama Oggsc aaeo
a. cgu og, Lgsqu og Lgg c_gs.
s. aeuassu - Lgg c_gs.
o. su Ogg Lgg e_ agoe aaeo
. Lsg uassu Lgg mom.
z. _eza LeeseaL Lgg c_gs.
. sg_ m_assc Lgg mom.
+. ggssc OsaeLau )LaocL LeesL Lgg
c_gs.
. gssa_ges m_ame gLeLs ag.
o. eLaqsc cegac cee
. m_aazuLu Lgg gqgL oezs.
a. nLgaeu, qqo oaeu Lgg c_gs.
@. q_ no _mmm _mm qnn m1o_
mo+mm ms:mm
. gg euaL OLeuscas _ma agoe aaeo
z. _goes euaasec mom_O__g.
. easzme __eo_s CsaLLaLeL mom.
+. zaua_g mom__ mqLa_eo_ Oggea mom.
. u_go LzLma geo_ OggeaL Lgg c_gs.
o. gg eua m_assec mom.
. oza_gm m_a uggu ua_ m_assc Lgg O_aq_g
c_gs.
a. u_ome oa_sesea mom
s. _Lzssmea cegac cee _ogeg Oea
Coea_e _oau cee
o. +s no+o_ mo+mm ms:mm
. gg eua__o meLgg Coea eLaqsecu,
eumz_aaasecL Lgg mom.
z. gg euas CsaLLasce _ssa_go_e_ mom
t_cogi ggaL LeLaLgq gg eua_ge Lasee
mom.
132 133
0. z. em eJ
ggaamgcc L_uOLu euaas_c eue euau
qegaqu. L_euaae ms Co_ uggzascc eue
)__aszsecL Lgga O_coae qgLsc ncce. Lo
eaegsc oauoas oeua_u eogs eua_e_L CLaeg
L_euaae euau ceLe_ _gaoau. L_g gaeq
)__aszsce CLa_eesc _Lasag eueu ces
sgsege. __c zz )__aszsecL Lgga ozoag
seLssL OLgmceo. seL ozasa Laeo ga_ezu
usa mzezCu ozoagg _masc gggs Osae
mcsqsege.
Laeoga_ nusOsaeo aLag, OLa CLs_c aLag,
Oea_gssc OLgg__c aLag. g_c aLag ceg gaeq
neeusec nosu _ggg ggg oa_uLo Oe_a.
Ls_sc Ooecg _eL _ca __ugssLLLLe.
usamzme OLgCgau Laeoga_zg CLa_eesecL
meLgga_a_ O_msgg.
o .z. I. omom - 0o+mmmom
geme ogo OecLosc Ogue - nmo ceLLLLe.
ge ceLg g_ ceg Lqgue _aasL mgg_g. g_
ceL_gq Ogu__c, OoggOLg_c ceLg OLac. gee
cegac Oogg seLoe - __aog _eg uee_u
OLagsecu _Lss Oogg seLo ceLg OLac.
___esa gesecs OsaeL euaCu eue euau.
o. z. z. [1q+o;1
)__u ceLg _g - qc_ge geg ceg OLac
O_o_ _eeuu, Ouequ OLgg )__aszsc ussc
uegc ncc _gaaeu uggu _aeuasa ec
_sgg _eu qc m sezCaggLosc _o. _ae seL
OggeaL mgsqL LaeLL n_maosc ceg OLac
Osaccoau.
o. z. 1. omo ommn n1qom
eue eua_gc gsuLzsc, sCo_uLzsc ceg
mmme ncce.
gsuLz = gs - _uLzu - gs - gee. _uLzu - _eL
gsuLz cegac _eL _caaC_a ce OLacLu.
coe geesec _eLaass Osae oa_sgaCea _oe
gsuLze _oae.
o6mqmn;1
Ooecg _eL _cCoa sCo_uLz ceg
_e_ssLLLLe. sCo_u - geuaae Ooecgu ceLg
OLac.
o. z. 4. m1qm+s mo+m;1
ozg agOLa o__uae. o eue eua_ge
seL )__asz _oa. ozg _ge_aa __a__ cegu
_aaa gmeoa cegu _gsCgau. o eoeaosq _sc
ncc qeLs szauu ce_uL_gc s._. +oc mgg__as
LasL za_a q__ _sg qgLmsga. ozg uegq
s._. +oac ceL_ee ozoagg _masc gggs
Osacsege.
o aCeae_ ceg uaesea uegg cog oa_eo
CugOsaeLa. mma_eea ceg OLe useoL OLgga.
mee o__uae ggq CugOsaeLa. Leeze
_esc _eogg gmg_a. _ooa_mee CugOsaeLa.
Lge_egau _ec mgLaosa ce_uL_gc eac
uz_geuc goaeu ceLLu na geoea _eLg_a
ceg agLLsgg. __e mgCs usamz ceg gLL
OLa o_asLLLLg. us_u, Csaeou _sa gascgu,
mg _sgcc Lqgscgu eue euas s_gsec mcss
134 135
oa_g_a. _ug z_u oagc Laoa ce_uL_gc na
g__a.
6n+[q osmom:
eues Osacessec OeueuLL_g _egaas
_eeou ggqu m_u o_asao usamz _o. Laeo
ga_ nosgq _c__ __uee, e_au, _uC_au,
_Lms_u ceg gaeqLe usamz mzuuemau ceLLu
_eeLss_e_ CugOsacc Coeu ceg qgLmLLa.
sLqc ceg qo ceo cegu ue_mLu
uegggsseg nag_ qeas_u uso gg_ Les_u
sLqc _eeu OLaggag ce_u geouc nosu
agesaas aaqsgg ceLe_ oog_gea.
o. z. s. omo 6o+rn+om
meeL Laeog_ m_eo OLgg ggsg _eLoC_
eue_ge _ssa Cgassuaqu. _gq _uucsc _cog
_eg z_geasc ce_u nama Oggsec meLgg
Coeu. _uucscaoe geeumses, gcogq,
gcOoa_ssu ceLeoaqu
. 2. 3. 1. _mma
1. q..moa.a.
m CLggee _eLa o__uae usamz CLag__
g___goascgu __euaae gumses Osacc
Coeu. gCo gco gumses ceLLLLg. _ee
euas _meeu cequ o_aqL.
2. qaa,.
g_ nos_e_ aau LeLssmceo, g agesaas_
C_aegag. ceg __euaae aeu _cog
euasaeu OLgg OLacsecL mgg OsacoC_
gcogoaqu.
J. qJnua.
Osacoaeu, OLaCLeaeu, gLaeu Oea_g Cessaeu,
sgeLeu _sa ggg gcOoa_ssasec meLggog.
_ee euas em_gzu ce o_aqo.
. 2. 3. 2. uuo_o_m _aa_ _cqao[_ o_m
eue eua_ge us nag_ Osaces aa_ oa_u
_cog _Cgsag_ oa_u _qu. qCz OLac Lo acsc
OLagga _a LLC_ _Cgsag_u LcCog Csaeascc
LasquCLag qCz OLac _Cgs acsc ncc_a
saeLLsege. cLOLaecs qg_gu gLLoLLuae
O_coae s_gee OocuL _aag ceLC_ _e
mcssu.
c_gssaLLas zaue ceLoe qo_sq use
cegac eOeao_sq _ge_aasqu, _egauo_sq
_eee _cog _umaasqu. gaesauo_sq uaueasqu
ssoau. Cugu qoe uggo_sq geLeau Cog
qo_sq Lesoeau saLacssgae. ooag qoOoa
OLaecu _Cgs Csaeascc LaLLg _Cgsag_
oa_u_qu. q OLac c_oesaas ssoau ce
oagog aa_oa_u _qu.
. 2. 3. J. _am.n
euesce _LLeLs CsaLLascae eea
Oeaaeu, __eLeu, Osacoaeu, oac ug__c _sa
gaequ eeg_ _sueeCa eueu ceg euassLLoe
gaazuaqu.
. 2. 3. 4. g[_ Jz_m cqo.,a _aa_ z_nm_o;_m
. _suee t_i eea Oeaaeu
z. e_aa t_i oaeu
136 137
. _uC_aa t_i mg OLaecs sozaeu
+. _LLmsz_a t_i Lgg Laeu oggogg mLog
. mzuuoemau t_i guoesecu _Lssaa_seg
_eeLssu
. 2. 3. 3. qz_oo__m
@sm+ms n1o+m+om qsn
. gcmee )mee _sgg _aeasCo _ee_e_u
nccg nccLCa _gu gms.
z. nLCoa sLeL geouc eL geLasec_ gsqu
_gms tnu _ggeoi.
. gcOoeeu, gco Oeac, gco Oeac oggac mecg_
qoomm. tgcmeei.
+. )a ceeu, )a Oeac, )a Oeac oggac mecg_
n+mm. t)meei.
. nusc Oe_ eca Laoas_sCsgL Laesc ogg
Ceu ce_u [_ t_uzuui.
o. ueu, oasq, saaasec _Lss gcmee, )mee
nuez ogg _eLaauc _squ 0o[nq. teuocai
. mees_u nuLe Cezauc ___me ga
meesec gsqu [1nq. tggezi.
a. ge_, Oeac, Oeac, guoesc _saoggac neLae
meesc nuCza soLL_asa n]qm. tsLi.
s. guo _eesecu _gCo _g_g
meesceegu gas nag_ mCLg _eLog.
tCuaLeui eoCa eue_gc agLLu
goL_a__ascaqu.
. 2. 3. . nm nmu _aaauia
eue_ge ossauae _su__ag_u z _asasecs
OsaeLg. ege_g_egaaeg ___usg Ouaguc
C_oag ceLome _eoeuuc g_gaeussLLLLg.
eo nezgeLu Oec geLu sog_eoaaqu.
o. z. o. @][mn non+rq[ omo[s 0o+s:
. 2. . 1. nm _aaau_m onupm
euesc ggaL LeLaLc _asce _gss_aa_
__gezsecL Lg_gssgasc. mzas_u, _u_, Lao,
CLaeg OuagsecL L_g _ogge _ou euas
s_gssecL LzLm Ouagea oc__asc. O_acsaLmau,
ge@c, osg_auc, oecaaLg CLaeg _u_ gcsec
_c__osc euesCc uggu gg, qgza_g, uza_g,
seeLu, euus_u CLaegogggu eue ossaa
secu, __goasecu _c_gcce.
. 2. . 2. nmoa. _acaozzoqa
ue_ nu _eg su meescogg mLL
_s_geu, g_geu Coeu ceL_ac moeeOa__c,
neea Cgae CLaeg OeacsecL g_ geusqu,
Lcq, Lc, scm. gaaeu, nLeo Oog_gL Lao_ggqL
Lmsazu C_Lc, neeu CLs_c, _ou CLaegeo
_s_geusqu meLgg Coea Ogg_egscas
eue_gc agLLLccg.
gco gumses, gco _gq, gco q_ssu ceg _eg
z_geasecL meLgg _eu m_eoaasa goae
geoea _eLa Coea ogea oq_gs saLsege.
cog oa_mc =LL LLosc _suee, e_gau
_uC_au, _LLmsz_u, mzuueau CLaeg guOLu
Cgaesecu seLmss Coeu. g_ __mz_asCca
o q_aq _egsec eue_ggmsc meLgguCLag _eo
usa mz_asc ceLLsege.
138 139
. 2. . J. _am.n
euesqma LcCog _gas_c _sueeCa _eo
gg__aqu. ge_, Oeac, Oeac oggac mg nusqu
geLo Oeaauc _eeLu, seeeau saLoC_
_suee _qu.
. 2. . 4. nm_ ___m
nosc ncc ccoa go_u uggu _go_u
qeegOaaeg eaggLL_ac ggLu mgL, gL ceg
geL Lae_gogg mLL Coeu. __gqs seuaae
_gsCsaLLasecu, Oggsecu meLgg Coeu
ceLg eue_ ___ou.
. 2. . 3. a.a
euesc _asc aesec OLeuLL_gu oesuc
ugmsc c_Lmeasc. ugza, Lg_cseL, u_ga ggaa
CLaeg Lascc eue sLLLsseoue Las_u,
scOoLsCca aa Luas_u, )__assce
eos_u saeLLsege.
eugmc ezoeOLoqoamc saeLLu s _
nazuae Csau)uoz eo euesseosq Cugu gLeLs
aLo_as _euggccg. Cugu n_asmugcc osqes,
ccCoazamgcc ggzeeL, _, sgzC_a CLaeg
Lascgcc _oaas_u euesaos sLLLs seoo
gLmee saLsege.
ooag eueu eua_gegCaa gcoauc seo,
ossau, geL_eg oa_mc meLggCoea q_ss
Oggsec CuuLa _eLao Oe__e oauoas ggaL
LeLaLgq OLgO_aeLaggccg.
0. z. g mss
_. 1_ m1omm ms:mm
. ge ceg Oeacoe OLac aag
z. )__aszsc ceLo aa
. eue eua_ge mmqsc aaeo
+. eue euas sLLoe gaazuas CLaggLLog aag
. Leu_aoz_u ce qgLmoe aaeo
o. Csau)uoz eo caq _euggccg
. euescac noassLLLL _u_ gcsc aaeo
a. _s_geuaas eueu meLgg Coea ogsc
aaeo
@. q_ n[ _mmm _mm n m1o_ mo+mm
ms:mm
. eue eua_ge C_aggu Lgg c_gs.
z. gsuLz, sCo_uLz - mcsqs.
. usamz CLag__ neeusc aaeo
+. eue sao seo ocoea c_gs.
. eueeua _gsCsaLLasc aaeo
140 141
0. S. qgg eJ
gg eua_gc goma qegLascae _LL
L_sso_ssasc Cocmsc, eLaqsc, eags Osaeusc
CLaegogeg gss og sae Coeu ceg g_eeue
mecCo __ euau C_aegs sazeuaqu.
__u_uaeg Lao OLc__u, gueg OLc__u,
O_eeaL OLc__u, C_zoa_u __aog u_mzoa_u cegu
Lo OLascac _e_ssLLsgg.
o. 1. I. qq1
__ u__e__ C_aggm__ __me agOLa __a__
o CgLac gaLc smo ougmc ncc gume oe_gc
s_C_a_esqu uaaa C_msqu useasL mgg_a. o
eassa oqLeLo Ceg_o ceL_ac eassa _e cegu
_eus_ geguc __ cequ _e_ssLLLLa.
s_C_a_e, __a__sq ceuuCoCa aCea_ez
ce_u uaesea ueu __g eo__a. saoL CLassc
_zeuee oa_ses mssauc _eugea _g_ _o
OLa_g CLassgsas _zeueeea mL OocCa
OeegOsaeg_CLag _o seLsaL - _o uee_
uaggag. oag _gg_ ue_e, Cgaaac, meu, ggm
CLaegosc Lu geL_e_s se _e_L CLass ogsae
_aega. _eg zsog oagc neeueas sae _zeuee
oa_eo mL OocCagea.
ggmaae __sq _masce _gqezu,
sg_o_u Laecssa_ geouc nCooamgcc CLag
uz__uc _ugg oazasc gaaeu Oe_a. gguc
qgac seuaae _ou OegsOsaesquCLag ga
qc C_aegag. oog oagc aCea_au OLgg [voacw
cegu nama geoea _eLg_g. __c _o __ ce
@. q_ no _mmm _mm qnn m1o_ mo+mm
ms:mm
. u_amzme oa_sesea mom
z. eueeuau agu _uucsc, _Cgsag_ oa_u Lgg
mom
. eue eua_gc agLLLcc goL_a__u Lgg gm
_goe aaeo
o. +s no+o_ mo+mm ms:mm
. o__uaeme oa_ses ozoagegu _o CLag__
neeusecu sLez omc c_gs.
z. ggaL LeLaLgq eue eua_ge Lasee mom.
142 143
_e_ssLLLLa. _eg aoog oagc q gsz_gc oqos
oa_eo g_g usagoae geoea _eLg_a.
o. 1. z. qq; omm 6n+qssom
__ _au seL neeusec + _esc Lo
Las_squ Oeeg, L__ou Lauzu mggOsac_u.
oeeu CLa_ee Oe_a. _ee_go eagL mmeo
Ceg_os_u __ eua_gc Ce_gsOsaccLLLLe.
_eeea qg__ac _ae ue _eugeau, _eg__e_u
_eLa _u cegu, __gq_ )eusecs secgg
geeuseco Oe_ac _ee _segmu ceg CLag__a.
. J. 2. 1. qo._ uou ..ma t_) _ou n__uia
. oqos oa_ses geLuauaeg mc, _L, eassa
_sa geLasc gueu_ O_aLgg Osaessege.
z. _ae eLuas oa_CoeOueg _eeo _eeCa
geL_ggqs sazeu.
. _eeo _eesec qg__ac geLasc _gCo gaqu.
+. ceoes ogsec CugOsaeLac _eesec qg_g
geLascogg mLL goaeu ce_u nama
geoea _eLaoau.
. J. 2 .2. ..a a
. _uu _wwscs - __mL_ggu, _ozg Osacesugu
gumses eo__c
z. _uOuccw - cog oa_seseas esm_c, gco
geeqsec uegc Lgao Oe_c.
. _uOwa_ - __eLa Osacessec_ guL_ guLo
Oeacog mg nccasecL eL_gu OeagsecL
CLeauc neeuu eeuu sog_ OeagsecL
CLsog.
+. _pwc - ggq oa_sesue _ou ggLcseco Oe_c.
. _uu oa_scs - moee c_g oa_oggu gco
OggsecL meLgg oa_o_aqu.
o. _uu _vpm - euas CsaLLasec _egaasL meLgg
oa_ _agLLg.
. _uu m__cc - ue_ nLc _s__uaeg cegu,
geoaggg cegu uegc Osae gcoogeg
geemc Osac__c.
a. _uu _vacw - ue_e_ gcoeoggc geo gg_g
Ouce_e_ CugOsae ue _eug OLg_c.
. J. 2. J. _.z _aa_ m__u mooaam
OLc__ eua_gc _gsu ne, ngaqu eL
oa_sessq Luceo. neeauc, ngasauc _aCe ogg
oa_gu aLag ceg CsaLLaLeLs seLLm_g, nos
eL_e_ Oog_g, sg _ou maauc gg ggmaaeo
__. ceCo oes noegeosecu (Extremes) _m_g
cca oguc ggsg _eL_c Coeu. _ee eLog
cegu (Middle Path, Golden path) o_aqo.
. J. 2. 4. qoom
_eeea _sggoC_ goaeu ceg s__ dLs_gc
agLLLssgg. mgL, gL ceg geLascogg
mLL goae geoea _eLa ga oa_qu, ce og
uassasecL meLggogCu _e _LLeLaas
_eusgg.
. J. 2. 3. aom..
gg eua_ge sumees CsaLLaLgu, ugmgLmgu
__ gumsess Osaeg_a. mee me___oe mee
_gLLae, gee me___oe gee _gLLae ceg
144 145
_gOuagsq ggL sLg_ sao oa_me LaCe LCLae_a
oa_qu nLgu _qu cega. ceCo meeuogg aau
_LL _aag ceLe_ oog_gsga ce _ga _sgg.
. J. 2. . _aam
cog__au, ggog__au meLgg Coea q_ss
Oggsc L_g ces sessL _sseLoag __c ggg
cog__asqu, ugg ggg ggog__asqu agLLLccg.
cog__a meLgg Coeaeo
. Oo.saeu t_i mg OLac muLaeu
z. OLaaaeu
. Osacoaeu
+. mge uee me_aaeu
. sc_eeaeu
. J. 2. 7. ___oo o.z c.,u.
. _Lc LaLcscc Laq Osaccaeu
z. uo, ggueL OLacsc CLaeg _LuLzL
OLacsecL LaeL__aeu
. _sao_gc neeaeu
+. us_oacsqu Lsesscc ngasaeu
. Le_e_ eo_gsOsaccaeu.
oggac __me oa_ses, _o CLag__ Osacessc
__oaogegL La_C_au. e __ meLgga euau, __e
gcsc __oaogegL Lgg mmoasL LaLCLau.
OLc__u__ge Co_gc gmmLsu _qu. e_ uzme
_eg aeLsc __aog _oeso eLLu _cog e_s
OsacesOsaeL gueg cegu ago. _eo s__ _cog
__ goa uog_ Ouagsc, meau _cog _gOggsc,
_m_uu t_i __go acLae _qsc ce _eg
oesLLu.
o. 1. 1. qq omm[s n1qom
__ euau _eaaeu, u_aaaeu ce ze mmoas
ncce.
_eaaeu ceLg CLage_goscac meLggLLLLg.
L_euaae neeusec gggsOsacog. oeua_geL
__ ea_aze ue_zas ugssLLLLa. __me gcOoa_ss
Oggsce _ou goaeu _eLaoau ceLe_ oog_ga
euau _eaae __euauaqu. __gos CsaLLasc Lao
Ouaguc c__LLLLe. Lmmq _Ceas sao_e_o eag_g.
u_aaaeu, __ezs sLqcas gee_g oeaqo_e
_og_ae goae geoea _eLa _u ceLe_
oog_gag. ceCo __sq _oaasc c_Lm eo
eossLLLLg. eLaqsc, Cocmsc gL__LLLLe. u_aaae
__euas CsaLLasc euus_ Ouaguc c__LLLLe.
Lmmq seqs sao_e_o eag_g.
o. 1. 4. @][mn non+rq[ 0nmq omm[s 0o+s:
. __me nag_ _gsCsaLLasc, _gsOsacessc
ussce neqs_sq ggLqu, _eeou _gggg_
Ouagugu, ggs se_sc _ouasqu sgmssLLLLe.
z. gaasu, geu, _gu, neeu, _eeLssu, _e,
zssu CLaeg nama Lesec oog_gaC_a
ue_ go_ssasL Lcma Coeu ceLe_u __
ne_gea.
. __me _suees Osaces gg eua_gc saeLLLL
C_eoucoa_ eLaqs_u, Cocms_u uegas
sazeuaeg. u_aaae __u__geezL meLgg
146 147
_oaas_u uLas_u ggL__LLLLg. no
ogLau gggsOsaccLLLLg.
@mm mm1
. m_azasc ceLLu OLc__ uLaoaasc noassL
LLLe. mzass_u ceLLu CLos Ouaguc
ossaasc OLu ocoeas seLe.
z. OLc__ msqs_u, OLe ggms_u, Lssa_
Lauzs_u mggsOsac_u oesuc _oscg CLos
Ouaguc euas s_gsecL LzLme.
. __ eua Co_ gc - g_eg. g Lao Ouaguc
aggLLLLg.
+. _ Co_u ce_u u_gogc gasage
ceLozagu eua_O_aLLae nezgeL gcsc,
gaLsasc CLaegeo _soCsaqa _q
CLaegoscagu c__LLLLe.
om 1smm, onq qssmm
. eag, eu, Lac ceg CogLaeg ccCoau __
eua_gc Cegg __e CsaLLasecL meLgg oa_mc
nageo _eLaoau ce_u oaLeL __ euau
_c__g.
z. _eac eags Osaeusc ueggg eu_gou geo__g.
. _eug, _e, see, OLageu, esL__eeu CLaeg
nama Lesc gga LeLaLgq _c__ OLeu
__ eua_e_Ca eau.
+. __ _e_eLa Lsc euas Osacessec se__
_euas gggsOsaccauc Lq__gmeeL LaeL_g
_zagg gggsOsacoe_ mumea.
0nmq osm
__ u_u C_aego_gq _e g_ Co_sao
ggaamc seo ceLg q gog OLeeass s_L
LLL_ac sLLLsseoCaa, gLsseoCaa ocoaeLa
mceo. Cocm Oeo_gsae aaseaeos_u, LodLas_u
sLLLLLLe.
__, CLage_go, osce geeqo eeasceug
scoac sLLLLLL ugmsc CLaeg sLLLsseosc
ue_ee _euaeo OocLL_g gL Oe_g.
_oaasc, m_azasc, geeqo eeasc _saoggc
__sa CoeoLLasCca __me oa_ses ozoagsc
OegssLLLLe. qessCsaueo noassaos_u
osCc. L_Lu, ea, _uzaog CLaeg Lascgcc
ges_u seC_m, sCo CLaeg Lascgcc
qessCsaucs_u OLc__ euao gLs seoueeL
Legeaggu uso gg_ seoo eeascas mcaqsege.
seqs sao_gc _ae sag_azs seo C_aegag.
__ euau ggaamc C_aega_ac ggaL LeLaLe
_e__eeu gas Oocgas_Le O_aL Osac_u
oaL ggLLLg. __msqs_u, _gs_u __
eua_e_L LzLL Oocgasc OeegCLag ggaL
LeLaLeLu _asCca suggOeeg_ac ea, uaCsaoaa,
ugmaa, Osamaa, gLLae, Lua, eaosu su_gza, gC_aea
CLaeg gascc ggaL LeLa Lzmag. __ eua_e_
__ma _ggasc eca _uaae, Coggeuuc qggeu
seL ggaamgq e_L Laeu CugOsaeL_agu gga
LeLaLe gL Cugu OocgaLc Lzossazeuaugg.
qqqs;
ooag euaasc ggaL LeLaLe mggssescas_
gs_g_e. nama oa_mac Oggsec _ggg meLgguag
Oegcce.
148 149
0. S. g mss
_. 1_ m1omm ms:mm
. __me agOLa cee
z. eLog _cog u_ga uassu Lgg c_gs.
. __eua_ge mmqsc aaeo
+. OLc__ uLaoaasce OLa cee
. __eua Co_gc cg _g cuOuaguc c__LLLLg
o. sag_azs seo cegac cee
. OLc__ euau cggascc Lzmag
@. q_ n[ _mmm _mm n m1o_ mo+mm
ms:mm
. gaeq _ma e_gaasc aaeo
z. ceoes ogsec mcsqs.
. ggog__a meLgg Coeoeoas __ agoe
aaeo
+. __eua_ge mmqsec mcsqs.
. OLc__ eua ossa oco Lgg mom.
@. q_ no _mmm _mm qnn m1o_
mo+mm ms:mm
. __me oa_ses ozoageg mom.
z. goaeu, sumee, q_ssu Lgga __me
s_gsec mom
. OLc__ sao seo ocoea gu ggu Osae _s.
o. +s no+o_ mo+mm ms:mm
. __me oa_eseau, eua CLa_eesecu mom.
z. ggaL LeLaLgq OLc__ eua_ge OsaeLea
mom.
150
151
1. @gg msqgg
0sm Gss
1. 1. GJ ss msQ
Oucmasc oes gga ozoaggc _zac,
LeLaL_ gegscc q ga __gaaa_e__
C_aggm__g ces agoau. g_ _zs uz. eggz qL_
Oucmazac ggoLOLggg. Oucmasc qCz zae goas
_egea gL_g og_e. oscg _Ls sao_gc _zac
qggeu, e__aa_gc _eug, OLaca_az oco, eua
esL_ _eeu eoaee_gu gLLae geouc
g_e_u saeoau. sLLLs seo, ossau, CLaegeo
nee_ geouc g_e_u saeseCgau.
. I. I. o+mm
eggz qL_ Oucmae s._. zz-ogg s._. zsa oezu,
mggeaze s._. zsa ogg s._. z oezu, _Cease
s._. z __c s._. zz oezu, _CeassqL mgq
_Lsq og_ _zesc s._. zz __c s_. az oezu
_e og_as _gsCgau.
. I. z. o+s_om
Oucmas_eLa _LeaL Lgg _ggg Osacc
Ousu_eu c_ga esa eaessa c_ga ___
eaugzu meas___ c_ga __za zaLe=u ceg _zac
gaLsu, eue, OLc__ eua gcs_u t)Loueu, usaoueui
zaeas_u, seo, scOoLsc, gLasc uggu
gaeaasc _saeo Oucmasce gco LeLaL
oa_ses Lgg _ga n_qu eaegscas mcaqsege.
. I. 1. qm _;o1om
. eggzqL_ Oucmae ts._. zz - s._. zsai
z. mgg eaze ts._. zsa - s._. zi
. _Cease ts._. z - s._. zzi
. I. 4. _;mm [sm
.mu _;a
eua _zs, _ze Cgz goas_ge _ g_g. _ze
_ee_g _gsazasecu OsaeLozas g_agu, ussc
_oez ccgc _@s _g_g. _ze LeL_ _eoozasqu
__eeu ggLgaasqu gs_g_a. c_gegugu_o_eLa
_Co gg _oas g_g.
eua _zs goas g@ssasecu _euoesce
Lcsecu, za@o Oeac ggeeu, gaLc geLOLgu
geea gs_qsecu, qggsce Lceau OeooCe
Lzaumss Coeu. _euoesec_ _mz _ze_sq _oez
saoascc _Coaeee o_as uggm Lmq_ ce
_e_ssLLu _Coaes_u g_e.
Jnuaam
_zs _gocsecs soessL LcCog gegsec
nccLssa Oeaosu ggoLLLLg. qoOoa gegu
__ap ce_u sesacLLacme _ aas og_g.
uaoLL _Laacsc _szgau cequ, gsz
_eeaacsc _uggaua cequ _e_ssLLLLe.
gsz goas_e_s soess usaua_gzsc ceg nag_
_goosc gaussLLLLe. c___sc _a cequ,
Oeg gLsc LgCoLssc cequ _e_ssLLLLe.
nag_ geo _eameaL Czas_ cegu cozeez
ozaga cegu Ceee_ _eooez CeeagLg cegu
qgLmLLe. OLc__ eua _u_e_ uss_sqL
mzsLeLL_g, gg CLa_sscasqu, eua aescasqu
g_osc. _u usaua_gzsc ceg qoes
_goosec _Ceas gau__a. s_o _csesaac
s_u gaussLLL g_e.
moqa _;aa
OucmaL CLzzs Lo uagoascasL mmssLLLLg.
qoOoa uago_ggqu _zs quL_e_o Ceg_
cozesc _cog _ze quL_e_o Ceg_ quazzsc
_eoeuCagg uago __gzas _LLOLagLeL gL_g
og_e. uagoasc uaoLLascasL mmssLLL _ogeg
u_aes ceCLa _eoeuCagg gL_ge. uaoLL
_Laacsc _szgau ce _e_ssLLLLe.
szauu _ae goas_gc q g O_aqgaas g_g.
__e OLagLeL ggg _gooezs szause cequ L_g
szauas_sqL OLagLcc _goo CsaLe cequ
_e___e.
o _.
Oucma _zc gg_ qgg _eg g_g. _zs
_goosce gLosessecs sesacLLgu zsa
Oegsec_ gLLggg _zssq_ O_mm_gu og_e.
osecs Oscca q_qsc ceg _e___a.
[_ q_oam
gg o_aqo_gq _zeCe _eooe LaLo_gz_gc
gaLe nag_ gg o_aqu eeL g_g. ga __ogu
gg uegasc ggoLLL g_e. _eosLq
usaua_gzsc uggu zassssc ceCLa _eoeuCagge.
_uuC_au, seLss Cea_eu ceg oes gg
uegasc g_e. ga o_sqsc szauL Leaa_gscac
)ssLLLLe. _eLeesc seuaas o_asLLLLe.
152 153
_;o_ q_oam
Oucma za@ou saoaL LeL, qgezLLeL,
aaeeLLeL, C_ LeL uggu sLgLeL CLaegeo _Las
g_e. CLa mzsLq gg_ _eguc Lug _cssLLL
us_ ggeuaasqu gco q_ssu, sLLLas_L_u
OeacLL og_e.
_ou_ _.
gaLe _ssa ooa goomaaqu. mecoeoc
gaesc q Laq, omaas ogossLLLLg. go omea,
_szgau ceLo ogo__a. ocs, esmee LcCog
O_agc mLos_u om Oeg_g og_e. ugme Cugu
om ogossLLLLg. gaeauasqu OLacasqu seL__
ooaea _zs ussc go_sqo OeomLLg.
[ozzon.m
gLLaeeL Lcsecs soess __gOse q geg
ggoLLL, g_ C_ssasecs sLLLs sacoasec
_eu_g g Cocaeeusqs seLss _ee_go gg_
_egsecu esaaeLg uggu ga __gu _asaaCs
gmsc _eu_g sacoa _ou Laee _eg OeueuL
L__LLLLg.
Jzo_zza
eaeo _euL _egsecs soess q geg
OeacLLLg. _e _ou ga eaeosc _eusqu Lcu,
Le_a eaeosec L_g Lasqu Lcu CugOsaeLe.
eaeoCaazascc _aqu mgsc t_ueaoai _eu__e.
eaeosce uasgu g_c _u uzasc
ocssLLLLe.
qa;ozu q_oam
nggue, _Leou, LaLo_gzu _sa gszasc
gszaL, goasascac goasu OeaLLLLg. ogeg
goasu Oe_osc gszs ceg _e_ssLLLLe. gsz
_eeaacsc _uggaua ce_u _e_ssLLLLe.
gsz goasu OeacLu m__e_L Lgg ___ eaugzu
usqu gLLas c_gs agsgg.
m___ n_a
Oucma sao_gc OLag ussLqu, moaqsLqu
u_go oegsec ggL_gs Osa__e. _geo
soeesq __gqma smsec _aa Oe_e. ugg
_oessc ngL_g OeaLLLLg. _ags_u, u_goos_u
_ssao_gc gg og__as _gseCgau. Cugu mgL,
gL ussLO_aes sesOsLeL _egLL__ q
geoaae geg OeacLL og_g.
. I. s. oqq+m [sm
uo[_ _aam
_eega e__aau nag_ q_ssu gegg__a
_euggg_g. ussc cceuaasqu sseuasqu oa_gg
og_e. _oscLu neeu, Cgeu, gaeau, e_mau,
_goaggc _sa _ee_g ggLes_u qaCs
saeLLLLe.
_Ceasme _gsCsaLLascac ussc Laou, ecau,
ueu, ugeu _sa gumsess_Le oa_gg og_e.
gL ceLg ggu sae_aa_ geo g_g.
no_zooa_m az.ma_m
Oucmasce e__aa_gc Co_sao_gc saeLLLLg
CLaeg mzauesc, p_gmasc eoasc, g_gzsc
ceg gaeq oes eag mmqsc saeLLLLe.
. n;+mo1om:- gg_c, ggm__c, CoLLc, CoLm__c,
=_c, OLg_c CLaeg _goesLLLL O_agcsc
Oe_e.
154 155
z. [1m1om:- gg_c, CoLLc, =_c, CLam_c,
gaLeLL Lagsa__c CLaeg O_agcseco Oe_e.
. smm1:- gg_c, CoLLc, =_c, moeaau, maaLazu,
_ ua oc__c __oae Oe_e.
+. _[;1:- Cugaga _eg eaguesqu Lc Oe_c,
_ ua Cu__c, esmee_ O_agc m_c,
_Logu, LaLogu =L_c CLaeg Oeacseco
Oe_e.
__m _.
qCz eaguc gueu Oegs Osac_u L_ssu gggs
OsaccLLLLg. Lm_u, soL eag gueuae
_gCoaua_ gueu uggu mzg Coaua gueu tnaqoL
OLe - _a_g_ qo _ei geL_eguc saeLLLLg.
qo..a _u;moa
mgsao Co_sao LeLaLc saeLLLLg CLaeg
Oucmasce e_s _euLmgu _e ue_me oa_ses
Ogguc gaeqoes _ezuasecs seLLmssLLLLg.
_eo
. mzuuoemau
z. szsu_u
. oemzu_u
+. eggaaeu
Jmu_oa
Ouaesc ceLLLo, mzauesc, mzaucssc,
zuesc, OLc__sc ce gaeq oes mmme g_e.
mzauescc ngea mzauesc t_ma Czas_i
e_s_e mzaue tCgagLu _ggzui ce mmme
oa_g_e. mzaucssc ceCLa _eua uzeu c_ag,
CueCa uzeu cgu ceg gume.
zuesc te_Coamaai ceCLa ggmscao. ug,
uaueu, OLe eLu gss sascc oa_g_e. OLc__sc
ceCLa geuaae _goa_seseaL CLagg oa_g_e.
n__ouz zaa aaoa
eg ce_u nLesLeL ggu o_ssu geL_eguc
g_g ceg _muCLa aou ceg _ma qgLmsga.
Oucma sao_gc ussc Cocmssaou _mzL mgsaoascc
ug _gga_as_ O_mamceo. _m _os_eLa
geoaae neoas g_g. eggaas_u mzauesc
uaueu eaLmL mceo. OLaeeaoae _Lscc _e__eCa
_ugg eaLmu L_ssCu OucmascLu saeLLLL_as
sCzsssc agsege.
_.z _aa.a
_eLsc cceuaa g_e. o meoag_
_eLsec _cg_e. ggmsc uzqmsecu uae
C_acsecu _cgg gmg_e. Oecog_sc meoag_
ucsc, _ CoeoLLasc _Lasa uuoe _eLsec
_cg_e. CoL, ge, _eoLLaes _cg_e.
_g___agu, _as__aguae _csoesecs sag, _sq,
s__g, L, essc _saoggc OLesc
_cggsOsaeLe.
Jza q.a
e__aa_gc OLesc gco geouc g_e ceg
ag _aag. o __gosscm Lueg _eeLssu
gegg_oscas oa_g_e. o _euscasqu g_e.
_zeueescc gaLauau LaLcsc Lau
us_m__e. OLesc _asc seoLe euao eLaqscc
156 157
=LLLe. seo =La OLaec ueemuLu Osa__a.
gueuae OLe e_ gcscac _geoL OLgo_gq_
_eLmgssLLLLg ces agLLsgg.
caa.aa
ussc LcCog m_assecs OsaeLa us_o
_eLg_e. oeg_sao m_a )Laoc, sm_eg __oa
m_assecs OsaeLae. OLesc Lgg mecaae.
CoLeLaa_c, LLCsaL_c, ggg_c _ssaL
OLa_gCLasq. mcm_e_ sggc, moaqs_Le CLamLc,
C_CzaLLL Lg_au CLaegeou mz__uaeeo. egzas
mecaaLu mecaaeasc.
_Lc, LaLc, eessm uLLc CLaege OLes_sCs
nma O_agoass s_LLLLe.
. I. o. omm mm1
Co_saoo eua_gLe eue eua_u, OLc__ eua_u
ussceLCa mz_g OLggg_e. eggz qL_ Oucma
eue eua_e_L meLggea. _u oa_gac gguc _ze
L_mea_ gggg L_zLaq ceg eua_ggmLe eugsq
_sgcc ezoe OLoOsaoa ceg L_gc ogg Lqguc
oa_g_a. gg_ mgq geeoas eggzLau ceLLu
Csauc qeg sLLLLLLg.
Oucma CLzzezas mcasa _Ceas soasL CLasqL
mgq __ ggmaae g=a ceLLu nLqL_Le Lo
Las_sqo Oeeg __ eua CsaLLasec ussceLCa
LzLm og_a. OueOLCLauaa, maa, csLg, gOL_, ea,
Lua CLaeg gas_sq ___ ggmsec __Lm eo__a.
gaLc ussc ga, q_ssuae oa_sesea oa_
Coe, _u usaua_gzsecu, _us_zsec _Ceas
gau__a.
_Ceas _u use uCsggzeeu usc easu_gez
eau oaessq __Lm __euas OsacessecL
LzLmea.
OLc__s_sseLCaug_ Coggeusec _sgg
qggeu ggL__ q usagaLeLs aL OLc__ u__ge
ocosq ogsaLea.
_uOggs s_gsec ga __oggu LzLm
cssao_ggu ussc __ee _gu OLaL sgscgu
gescgu, Laegscgu, qess Csaucscgu OLag__a.
OLc__ Oggs Osacessc OsaeL _ussLLecsec
gegCogg Lo g_sec gaussLLLLe_ scOoLc
agcca. saqu, sag_azu, eug, oeoa, _Lzag_su,
usazaqzu, uaueoL Lqgsc, soe gas_sq
__Lmcca.
_Ceas saog_mz mgsaoascc Co_sao O_oasec
ogLLLe. mq@, oe, usg_e CLaeg O_oasec
ussc CLagg oease. eeo, eoeo omc LsgOgg
ga __gu Lzme.
_Ceas sao_gc OLc__ euau _zeaas_ge euauas
mcaseagu ugg eua_ge geg__LLLmceo.
Oocgascgu oeuau Lzmag.
. I. . osm mm1
aa
OucmaL CLzze OLuLqguc Lccs_u nascm
ggoeas_u _zeagu, OLag _g geoaascagu
gL__LLLLe. mzaues_u __ ggms_u LaLasecs
sgm__e.
_Leou, nggue, sa CLaeg Lascc Lcseos
s_sasc ggoLLLLe. ossau, euasscm sgmssL
158 159
LLLe. LaL_ gLL_gc osseu, CLossseo, seo,
_zac, OLaca_azu _uea_gzu, __gou
CessLLLg_e. OLes_sqs scm OLe uLaoaascac
sgmssLLL og_g.
a.aa
Oucmasc sao_gc gLsseo sLLLs seo usqu
s_ OLgg mcase. eazga_gc saeLLu sgge ozoagg
_ssa_gou oag_ qeg. gug gaLe C_a ee_ggu
gaeaascgu gaeq _s asasc Lu OLggcce.
C_as Osauc _uoesszu Lu OLggccg.
_Ceas ceegg ugmsec ta+ooi _u_eLa ga
__gu ggmea. oggc gL oag_g. eaugu,
eoeao, LsL ceg L_ggu ggoLLLLeoaaqu. ea
ugm

/
z
_ naz_u z

/
z
_ qgsscqu nccg. _e
gaeq Lssascgu nazuae ge_oaucsc _euggcce.
_gesc aaqu gLsseosq gg_ c_gssaLscaqu.
sLLLasc OLuLagu uz__agu, sgscagu sLLL
LLg_e. Oucmasc sLa _zeueesc nos_gCoCa
us __q oag_eo. Lasaae _ee, ssLLLasc
sLqce LeLLsc CLaeg saLacssege ceLa.
_Ceas sao_gc OegssLLLL qessc usqu
gLeLae. __saamgq oLssc LzaL qegscc
saeLLu qess_u, gasges qegscc saeLLu
qess_u _ssauaeeo. zag ss_ggq _sc _a
uag _Csu qeg saeLLsgg. Coauamq qes
usqu gLeLag. nLgu seea CLac LcLcLLasqu,
g_ggu gesc ggs eo_g m sLag CLao
qes _euggccg. ge_oauc _sCsae oouae
aezeLag.
scoaoae ugms_squ, qess Csaucs_squ
sLLLas_squ Ouq ggg LcLcLLas egu seea
CLac ue_u oesuc Oegcce.
_Ceas _u_eLa og ge scOoLc _uuaeg
geLgac oa_u OLaL caOscoau sgges_u,
sgLoess_u saeLLsegeCoa tLaegsci _aOscoau
t_uu _eesci OLagssL Lo_as ceg agcca.
_sCo, Lo Lascc saeLLu gesce _euLeLu,
L_e_u sg, _aOscoau scOoLssecL OLagsso
Oe_a.
Oucma saos seoue gLsecs Osae
_ogegs _seLoag mmssoau.
. _Ceasme qgegssc gesc
z. _Ceaszagu mgzagu qeLaLLLL qessc
. LaLo_gz _zeuee
+. ea, eazga_ Csaucsc
. g_csc tugLui
o. ggsCsaucsc
. _z sLLLas_u gLas_u
_aaaum
Oucmame _L sao_gc euus_u Lao, mzas_u
CLaeg Ouagsc oL ggaa __gu gLL OLggg_e.
uggu seeLu, _u_ CLaeg Ouagsc O_eegga gzamL
e__ome Ouagscas gLgg mcase. gga s_sqL
Lqguc mzas_ OuagCa _zeaas Ouagaas g_g.
ossa_ggq euus__u CLogq Laou usscL_gc
cceuaass esaacLLLLe.
160 161
. Osccame - ___ eaugzu
z. L_zLaqme - scLg_gzu
. oaague - maasszeu tosseui
+. Laceue - _uL_aau
. oa_uaaaeme - saug_gzu
o. sLgg me - oaeo___a gaLa _aza tgaLa seoi
. o ceLo - oe samau
a. OLc__ euagc - gmdLsasc
s. saLmaasc - zauaeu, usaLaz_u
o. Co_ag_ gcsc - s_a g_gzu
. maso ceLo - eg_ g_gzasc
z. oaoe seauo - gaLs g_gzasc
. oaue ceg sm - sauaoasaz g_g m_g
CLaeg ossa LeLLsc Oucma sao_gc
c__LLLLeoaqu.
. I. 8. @][m non+rq[ 0mm1m1oms 0o+s:
. Oucmasce _L _eguc eua _zs, _eoeuo
Oeaosu, uago _zssc gg, gg goasu, OLagL
Lc_geg gszaL _eg CLaege gusq
_cssLLLcc OsaeLscaqu.
z. _Leou, ngegue, sa CLaeg Oucmasao
Lcseos s_sasc egu gug ggaL LeLaL
euaascaso ggg mcaqsege.
. Oucma sao seo - sLLLs seo, gLs seo,
Csaucsc uggu uLasc CLaegeo ggaL
LeLaLe mzgLoLeLL Leg eaggsege.
+. gg _us CsaLLasecu _e, __uee CLaeg
OLc__ eua Oggsecu Oocgascc LzLm gga
LeLaLgqL OLeu Ce__osc Oucma CLzzesc.
. Oucmasc scm, seo, ossa ocouc soeu
Oeg_gag CLaeg, mzas_u t_LOuagi euus_u
tossaOuagi Lao tcca ussc CLsu Ouagi CLaeg
Ouagsce ocosqu _ssa_gou Osa__e.
o. Osccoame ___ eaugzu, OLc__ eua goae
gmdLsu, osse goae maasszeu CLaeg
gcsc ggaL LeLaLgq Oucma sao_gc
o_asLLLL OsaeLscaqu.
. OLagL Lc_gegscc eaeoLCLasqoz_g, gLLaee
oegsc uggu eaeoCaazascc _u eaeosc,
uss_squ moaqs_squ u_goueesc
CLaegeo Oucmasce ggaL LeLaLe agscas
mcaqsege.
a. _Ceasme _us CsaLLascae . __uee z. e_gau
. _ea tzssui +. _aeu . Oeceu tg_geui o.
ua__ou t__eLeui . eg_a t_eugi a. _LLg__a
tsseui s. eauaua toeLssui o. Lao s_g
t_s_geui . s_ _s_a tgegeLeui z. __
Lsg_a t_eeLeui . sqea tOLgCgasqL
LcmeLi +. _mo_g _cma tOLgCgasq
umaae_i . _u usaua_a t_gu Oe_ci o. Lau .
Lmsqa t_eeumsesi a. n_ea_a tus_oi CLaegeo
gga LeLaLgq o_asLLLL OsaeLaaqu.
162 163
164 165
1. 1. g mss
_. o_ oaa .zu
. Oucmasce _Lssaou aag
z. eaessa tOsccai c_ga gc aag
. Oucma ueescc gg_osc aao
+. uggm Lmq_ g qgL oezs
. _u usa ua_gzsc ceCLa aao
o. szaus qgL oezs
. q_qsc ceCLa aao
a. gszs g qgL _s
s. _sszgau ceLo aa
o. gszaL goasu g_ Lasc aaeo
. gaeq oes _ezuasc aaeo
z. Ouaesc ceLo aao
. ezoe OLoOsaoa qgL oezs.
+. zuesc ceCLa aao
. _ma Ouagsc ceLeo aaeo
_. z__ oa_a maoma .zu
. OucmasecL Lgg _ga n_qu eaegsc aaeo
z. Oucma sao OLesce geoaag
. _gCoaua, mzgCoaua gue _eg aag
+. Oucma sao ussce OLa_g CLasqsc aaeo
. Oucmasao _eL _csoesec mcsqs
o. Oucmasao gaeq oes eags_u sLeus_u aaeo
. Oucmasao eua _ze OeacLasc aaeo
a. Oucmasao seoue gLsecs Osae c__ee
oesscasL mmssoau
s. Oucma saos scm geo aag
o. _Ceasme g_aog scOoLe Oeg aag,
_. _ zaa _a .zu
. Oucmasao _zac geoea mcsqs.
z. Oucmasao e_sgeoea mcsqs.
. Oucmasao eua geoea mcsqs.
+. Oucmasao ossa ocoea mom.
. Oucmasao seo ocoea mom.
o. Oucma sao e__aaL LaqLa uggu _os_eLa
L_ss o_ssasec mom.
e. qo. zaa _a .zu
. OucmasaoL LeLa Lgg q sLez oezs.
z. ggaL LeLaLgq Oucmasce OsaeL uggu seo
_ueasec_ O_aq_g q sLez oezs.
1. z. ggJ ss msQ
qL_L CLzzs ggaL LeLaLgq o_ascc OsaeL
_cmLs ag aoag. osc _zac, e__aau,
OLaca_azu, scm, seo, ossau, euau, ee, gLeu
_sa _ee_g gegscgu uso gg_ geouc
saeLLLLasc. _sCo _ae ozoaggc qL_saou
OLagsaou ceg agLLsgg.
. z. I. o+mm
s.m. gaesau gggaee _zuL_gc _ qL_ ceLo
LaLo_gz_gc ga _zs qeeg _eu_g qL_ uzeL
C_aggm__a ceg agLLsgg. osc saou s.m. oo
__c s.m. oosqu eLLLLL saouas ozoagg _gsc
sgsgasc.
. z. z. o+s_om
qL_sce ozoageg _ga ossaas_u,
zaeas_u, OocgaLLome qgLs_u uggu
O_acOLac _zaoaacsce qgLs_u eaegscas
seL_gcce.
. meas___ c_ga __za zaLeeu,
z. sac_aeme ossaasc
. Laeme _q em_u
+. LgOeL zaeasc
. eLLac Lasaaee qgLsc
o. e__gz qL_me _osaLa_ sgge
. gaeaasc
a. __gezs_u ozoaggo eeas_u
_sae gusqo eaegscas seLssLOLggcce.
. z. 1. qm _;o1om
. __oau eggz qL_ ts.m. zo - s.m. oi
z. e__gz qL_ ts.m. o - s.m. aoi
. zeLau eggz qL_ ts.m ao - s.m. +i
+. usg_ qL_ - ts.m. +o - s.m +oai
. z. 4. _;mm [sm
qL_sce sao_gc ggeuuss uso gg_ goas
_euL ggoL OLggg_g. _osc _asc gaLeL
mmqscas mm_g gLLas _L Oe_e.
. u_ga goasu
z. uago goasu
. uaoLL goasu
+. szau goasu
. gsz goasu
1. m__u q_oam
u_ga goas_ggq_ _eooe _zee _oae.
ueesq eLLuaggqu, gg o_asqu goasu Oeaqu
_ee_gL mzoeesLqu )qsa@u OLagLmeeL
OLggg_ae. gg_ gegsqu _zeCe _eooeas
mcaseae. ga __ogu na _gsamsec gausqu
OLagL _zeeeCa eag_g. LeLOaLsec_ _aCu
gL_go Oeeg ueesc Lo Ooggsec geo gaLe.
_zee _ee_g _gsazas_u OLggg_ CLaggu
_oe _eeoeeaaso OeacLLmceo. _ze_sq
_Coaeee ago_gq uggm Lmq_ tuggm ueLoui
ceg _euoe q_ g_g. _euoezeouc g_ ___
166 167
uggmsq _ssa uggm ceg OLa. OLagoas _euoezeo
LzuLezL L_maas g_g.
m__u q_oa_ _.a
. usa CeeagLg tza@o goasui
z. usa _eL gaase tgg_geg goasui
. zaea - LLsamsc tCLassmsc uggu neq
Cesm__ci
+. usaLaoagsaze tza@ou _aquLu, CLa_ _ggz
_egsc CLaeg Lcsci
. _eLamCqse tsaoc gegi
o. usaeggm smse tgaLeLs sesacLLg CLa t_i
_eug geogaLogi
. LeLazsagsaze ts_o _gooi
a. meCaa_ u_amse teua_geg_ _eooei
s. usaLse Lao_e t_zs _goos CsaL uggu
Oeomeasc soe__ci
o. eogaasee tu_ga goas_ _eoeuo Oeaoi
2. moqa q_oam
qL_ CLzzs Lo uagoascasL mmssLLL uago_e_
sg _cog C_eu, zaqzu, ueLou ce _e___e.
uagoascc ueeme mzgggaas __gsc
gaussLLLLe. OLuLagu cozesCc LOLagLmc
gaussLLLLe. __gsq n_maasL LcCog _gsamsc
gaussLLLLe.
. usa _eLgaas tgg_gegea soe__ci
z. _eL Laeag szcs tsaoc geg__eooi
. Laoag szcs tza@o_ _cLgi
+. usa mzgsaz t__gme _eoeu _gsami
. LaLLms t_eoeus sessaai
o. s__a s_gs t_eoeuo Oeaoi
. qc_zas_ tomogc mu na _gsami
a. _sszsamsc t_sszsaz_e_ CugLaeou_ci
s. __as_ ts_o_ _eoeu _gsami
o. _oegs t_g geoa_ _eoeu _gsami
. _zeae__aas t_ssao eaeo na _gsami
osc ncgaLs q_LLasceegu _ggame
LeLOaLmeegu uagoasec Lagsa__e. uago_
_eooe t__gi eLLu, q_aq, _eug CLaeg Lcsec
geogaLL Coeu. OLagLLc_ gegeau soess
Coeu.
J. mozz q_oam
uagoasc qoOoaegu Lo uaoLLascasL
mmssLLLLe. _eosc sg ceg OLaLe _e_ssL
LLLe. sgue _eoo nLms ceg _e_ssLLLLa.
Cugu sgsc tuaoLLasci gg mqaascasL
toLLascasi mmssLLLLe. mqa_ge _eoo
mqaagLg _oa.
uaoLL_ _eogssq _gLLaeu cegu uaoLL
_L__eoome _goosu _gszeu ceg
_e_ssLLLLe. uaoLL _gsamue _
. Oeccss tsas _gsami
z. goag szcsc tgoom _gsami
168 169
. usaLe LLos t_oes saLLaci
+. LeLasazag sm_ tsaeaci
CLaeg Lo g_e.
4. a;om q_oam
mqau toLLui Lo szauascasL mmssLLLg_g.
szauu LLL cegu _ssz_azu cegu mmssL
LLg_g. szau_ge _eoo szaCuas ceLLLLa.
szau_ _eoosq_ geeaas sess, c___ tszcsi,
goom _gsam, ooa_geg _gsam, go__szag )squ
gaaa__ ceg Lo _gsamsc OeacLLLe.
3. qa; q_oam
qL_ _L sao_gc gsz goasu gg og_g.
gsz_e_L zu cegu __e _L__eooee zLao
t_cogi gsz zLese cegu _e___e. o uago
__gzac gaussLLLLa. gsz_e_o sgg CsaLeLu
_sgu _eussLLLg_e.
_;o_m
qL_ _zesc ooeu, mzu, _ggzu, _ggc
ussoscas mcase. saoaL LeL, qgezLLeL,
aaeeLLeL, C_LLeL ceg gaeq LeLsc g_e. gg_
mzsec_ C_gO_LLgc e__gzqL_Cz _eeega
ceL_ac, LeLsce ocosq uee _c__ mssu
us__ae_aqu.
[___.
qL_ sao_g gg_egsecL Lgg mzsuLg, gaz_,
sa_gaaaeCLaeCga qgLmLcce. o_sqsec . mc
o_sqsc z. qgg ac o_sqsc tsmueci ceg
oesLL_ge. gaz_ a oesLLLL eLLasec
mcsscca. nagg uegu _eogsmgu tu_gai ugg
gguegasc uagoascc _ssa gszascgu g_e.
)Lsec eaeCgasc OsaeL q _es q_ meazee
gL_gu gLgaeLaa_o nagg ueg_gc Cuc _ega
Oeaoau _zo ggue saoozas gg _eogsmc
o_sqsec meam__a. _gsaos gguegas_u
_eussLLLg_e. szauascc szau Leaa_g _egu
g_g.
. z. s. oqq+m [sm
. qL_sc e__aa geo ggg mcasag, quLu,
aLs quLuas g_g
z. gga Lacuc ussc _eLsec _cg_e. _zesc
_LuLzuae _eLsecL LaeL_ge.
. _e, OLe Laou Looes _csoesec
_cgg og_e.
+. neq oesuc eeo, _eeo neqL OLacsec
neLe. OLuLaeeuaae ussc eeo neeoCa
LaeL_ge.
. OLesc nag_ geouc eo_g ugssLLLLe. usc
scmagq OLgge, goas_gc Laq OLgge,
e_s__ac CLaggLLLLe. seoee geeL_e_sq
ogsaLaas ueem mcaseac. soLo eageao
e__aau ggsamLLagu, _g _mss _aa__assag.
seoe gg_ mgq nLesLeL ggu_eg o_ss_gc
g_g.
o. mzs_eu_e_ue gaeq eag_eg g__as qgLmLL
LLccg. mzauesc nag_oscas s_LLLLe.
eeLacsc tsoL eaguei _eags sazscass
s_LLLLe. _osc )eL__sa_oscass sg,
msqL g_C_ o_g og_e.
170 171
. CoLeLaa_c _ssa OLa_g CLasq _qu. _,
ceu, aaee, uae eos_Le eeeL CLaogu
m_assaoascc _LLa us_ogu _ssaL
OLa_gCLasq.
a. CLasesgsc, sLeacsc, g_aLL_gc C_aggosc
_euLL__LLLLe.
. z. o. omm mm1
qL_ sao_gc euageo CuCoaasa geouc
saeLLLLg. Co_ euau tgg euaui _gu OLggg.
guagu o_u nag_ sLqcscass s_LLLLe. eua
Cocms_u eLaqs_u gL__LLLLe. e__gz qL_ _so
Cu_aasasc gL_gea.
oa zaeu, uoe zaeu CLaeg zaeasc aggo
oOLuaee OLeueaL CLagge. Cugu, oe,
guac _sa sLqcs_sqs Csaucsc c_Lmo eua_e_
oc__e. guaoe _o_azasc nLOLgg m_assc
gL__LLLLe. gma ogLa, gas ogLa, esg ogLa,
mgaas ogLa CLaggLLLLe. mq@me L_g _o_azs
CsaLLaLee gume. e_ Las_sq aa_gez Oecgu
L_ssu usscLu g_g.
gg eua_ggq __zq _g_ ueesc __, eue
euaasec Oogssmceo. o qL_ ueesc __
eua_e_L meLgge. ugza, n_asm CLaeg Lasc eue
u__ge LmLascas g_e.
. z. . osm mm1
aa
Co_as_u __euas s_gs_u scm geoaascc
CLagssLLLLe. qqo scm _egu O_aLgg g__g.
_mas_Le uaeosc + oag oez _asL L__e.
LaL_gLL_gc, gaeq Co_asc, Co_ag_asc, zaeasc
gaaa uuaueasc, __ Co_u, sg_o Co_u, ___
eaugzu CLaegeo CessLLL sgmssLLL og_e.
Cugu oaemac, sc_u, CeagLu _saeo qgLmLL
LaLascass sgmssLLLLe. _ceo ac, __gou, gaaau,
osseu CLaeg LaLas_u sgmssLLLLe.
_aaaum
qL_ sao_gc Lo ossa _gsc LcCog oes
ossaasec c_g oLOuaguc ga uguooea
ggL_ge.
. sac_ae - eaqg_ou, msszCuaoau uacmsas
eu_gzu tgaLsui zqoueu, quazeuLou,
tsaLmaasci Cusg_u, mg eu_azu tLaLcsci.
z. meas___ - __za zap=u, C_meggzqL_u CLaeg
gaLsasc
. oa_uaaae - saug_gzu
+. ozasu_z - ms_ euse_ tsme_i sc_u, CeagLu
. eggz - eggzaoeama maasszeu tosseui
o. guCeggz - guCeggz maasszeu
. _uz - _uzCsaeu
a. Laus - samaoasazu tsme_i
s. oasLLL - _qLaas easzs, _qLaas s_a
eu_e_ tu_goui
o. _maLLL - sc_ gcsc, oaemac
. ozasusz - Le __ag_su toaemaci
z. eaueLse - ggeaugzu
. mzCee - maaszeu
172 173
or::osm
qL_sc seo ocosq _ggcc O_ae usqu
CLagg__ss_aqu. qL_ sao seoocoea sLLLsseo,
gLsseo, gmasseo, nCoassseo, ee, gLeu,
gaLssseo ce oesLL__oau.
qL_ sao_gc _gaaL OLacae sasc LaeL_g
sLLLasc sLeasc. osc sao_gs sLLLsseoea
gaeq oesscasL mmssoau.
. qess Csaucsc
z. muaeugg Csaucsc
. CueL ug sLLLLLLs Csaucsc
+. Oeasg Csaucsc
qess Csaucsc _gg_amc ncce. qczasaLa_gsq
_sc scoc qeLg_ Leeze qess_u _gqo
eaegaqu. OLc__, eue, gg eaeLa qess Csaucsc
ccCoaza ce_uL_ggu saeLLsege. Cugu eas
Csauc, gCaasamgcc sasacs Csauc uggu n_aL_
Csauc aaqu ooeseao eag__aqu.
gaoeesq_aza mgcc Laog Csauc, _uaza mgcc
oe Csauc CLaege. muaeugg taez uLu nei
Csaucscaqu.
C_asmc saeLLu mq@Csauc gaoeesq_aza
mgcc ncc usaC_o _oau CueL ug sLLLLLL
Csaucsc _qu.
m_asae Csauc tsae_ uaoLLui, gCaasaz Csauc
tgae uaoLLui eazga_gc ncc OLma Csauc, gsaoa
mc ncc oe Csauc tgLc_ uaoLLui _uazamc ncc
oe Csauc tu_ga mzC_eui CLaeg Csaucsec sasc
uggu Oeasgsc gee Osae sLeasc.
uzaa.a
qL_sao gLasc usqu __q oag_, ggasseoL
Lacea_ __mCa saeLLLLe. ggssLqce
noascc gzuu __g, ozas __g tn_asmi oe,
Laog CLaegeo qgLmL__sseo. __zg ceegg
eosc eazga_ ggu ugzamgu seOLssLLLcce.
gCaas uggu ugzamc ncc mq@ eo, saugcc
sa_gCsae eo, Osceaumcc gma eosc Cugu
ooasasc, eue eosc CLaege aaqu qL_ saoo
gLsseoue gLeLL Legeaggsege.
uaa.a
_gg_a, ccCoaza, Las (Bagh) CLaeg Lascgcc
gmaasc us _g_uae gmaascaqu. OLesc Ouog_
eLL_u __sa _csoes_L_u saLLLLLcce.
_gg_amc saeLLu qessce gmaascc _au Ceu,
__me ggq, uzeLLsesuc squ _z, gLe usc,
qzaqsc, __, gnoasc _ozg CLa_eesc, oa_ses
gs_osc CLaege _gmssLLLcce.
_.npm qz._m
qL_ sao_gc eeu gLe_u Oeg_C_aasa
saouaqu. eeu gLe_u qegasCo g_e. u__cu,
nses, aa_, Leg, eaq CLaeg eessmsecs Osae
ggqu seos_u gLeua_ _mgau m_g _u
saLsecs Csauoe gLascgu gmaascgu
gaeaascgu saeLLsege. saos seeaaas _gg_a
qes gmaasc egu ucoe_s saeoau.
qozaaa.a
sac_aeme eaqg_ou, zqoueu, quazeuLou,
Cusg_u _sae gaLss seosqo gg_ c_gs
saLscaqu.
174 175
C_m eggzqL_u, Osc_g uCsa_eou CLaeg
gaLsas_u gssLLLLe. Cugu gaLss q_mes_sq
ueesc OLmgu n_m Oe_e.
.z.8. @][mn non+rq[ nq1oms 0o+s:
. u_ga _zs uggu u_ga goas_ gegsc uago
_zs uggu uago goas_ gegsc, uaoLL
_L_eg, gsz uggu szau goas eeLsc
CLaegeo gga LeLaLgq qL_scac o_asLLLL
OsaeLsc ceoau.
z. sac_aeme eaqg_ou, .msszCuaoau, zqoueu,
quazeuLou, Cusg_u uggu Lo ossa
LeLLsc qL_saos OsaeLaaqu.
. Cugu _maLLLme sc_gc, oaemac
oasLLLme _qLaas easzsu tu_goui ozas
u_zme Le __ag_su toaemaci eggzme
eggzaoeama maasszeu tosseui uggu _uzzme
gse CLaeg gcsc ggaL LeLaL ocosq
n_maas g_e.
+. qL_ sao gg_geg u_ga, uago _zssce _
OeacLLLe_ eega gg_ gegeaL CLaeg
_egsecCa Legeaggsege.
. qL_ sao_ge euao eaLgg _L_egaaeg gug
gga LeLaLgq _Csaoag ceoau.
o. qL_ sao qess Csaucsc uggu sLuaes
Csaucsc qL_sce seo ocosqu, euaoco
squ gg_ c_gssaLscas mcaqogLe ggaL
LeLaL ocosqu gee mg_e.
. eazga_, ugza, _gg_a, ccCoaza, Las (Bagh) CLaeg
Lascc ncc gLasc, gmaasc CLaeg seo
_ueasc aaqu ggaL LeLaLe gg_ agscas
mcaqsege. ceCo qL_ saou OLagsaou ceL.
176 177
1. z. g mss
_. 1_ m1omm ms:mm
. qL_ ueesce _Lssaou aag
z. sac_aeme ossaL LeLLsc aaeo
. qL_ ueescc uso gg_osc aao
+. qL_sce gaeq oesLLeLsc aaeo
. oOLuaee OLeusecL CLaggu zaeasc
aaeo
o. qL_sao ogLasc aaeo
. qL_ sao gaeq oes sLLLs seosc aaeo
a. qL_sao gmaasc caq saeLLsege
s. qL_sao gaLss seosq gg_ c_gssaLsc
aaeo
o. qL_sao gLsseosq o c_gssaLsc ag
. eeu gLe_u qL_ sao_gc ggg mcasag
ceLe_ g cooag _goa
@. n m1omm ms:mm
. qL_saou OLagsaou ceLe_ g cooag _goa
z. qL_saou Lgg _ga n_qu eaegsc aaeo
. qL_sao u_ga goasu cooag OeacLLLg
+. qL_ sao gg_gegue OeacLaL _eguee
mcsqs.
. qL_saoo eua geoea mcsqs.
1. S. gss J
ss msQ
mgsaoL Lcoosce _Lssaou _u_s ozoaggc
q OLagsaouas_ gs_g_g. osc Cea_, Laeas_sq
_L_geguc _eCeasca gs_g_e ceL.
Lcoosce CLzzs O_aeeL ueLou ceL. g
oLsCs sqea gg )z_gogg O_gCs samm oez
Lzggg_g. _o _u _L _egue gLsec
ossaas_u scOoLss_u mcsqsege.
. 1. I. o+mm
osc s.m. o _u gggae __c s.m. a _u
gggae _a O_aeeL ueLoL Lqgea gLLe
_L Oe_e.
. 1. z. o+s_om
Lcoosce _Lsaou Lgg _ga
. saesq OeLL LLLau
z. uCsggzee u__ moae mzseeu
. _egau gggoueeL Lgga gggssouLsu
+. C_oazL LaLcsc
. eL Lac oae soaase qgLsc
o. _u_ uggu qosamgcc mzssgsc
. uaucoz LeLaeLo z_asc, sLgsezs Csauc
qLoezsCsaucsc
178 179
@. q_ no _mmm ms:mm
. qL_ sao _zac geoeaL Lgg mcsqs.
z. qL_sao e__aageo cooag g_g
. qL_ sao scm uggu ossau qg_g mcss c_gs.
+. qL_sao seo oco qg_g mcss c_gs.
o. +s no _mmm ms:mm
. qL_saoL LeLa Lgg q sLez oezs.
z. qL_sao seo, ossa ocosc qg_g q sLez
oezs.
. ggaL LeLaLgq qL_sce OsaeL qg_g q
sLez oezs.
. 1. 1. qm _;o1om
. __oau uCsggzoue ts.m. so - s.m. ooi
z. __oau gzuu oue ts.m. oo - s.m. ooai
. zeLau uCsggzoue ts.m. ooa - ooi
+. __oau LzCuuoze ts.m. oo- osoi
. zag uue ts.m. oso - s.m. oi
o. zeLau gggoue ts.m. - soi
CLaeCga qgLmL__ss ueesc _o.
. 1. 4. _;mm [sm
Lcoosao_gc ueesc usscac OLmgu
CLaggLLLLe. ueeez eg cequ Csae cequ
_e___e.
Lcooc _ge_sqLme ___use _Lsq oog
q LeLaLass s_LLLLg. oams _gg sao_gc _eeac
ueeme eCsa_z _Lue OLagLeL gggae. gg, goasu,
za@ou CLaegogggq _zeCe _eooeaoae.
_ze_sq _Coaeee o_as uggm ueLou ceg
q_ OeacLLLg. _euoes_sq mzuuzage, CLezae
ceg LLLLOLa o_asLLLLe.
_ze_sq n_maas _g_zas _Coaes, zsa Coeo
OeCoa, oauc saLCLa, LLLa c___, sazcs, _u_
_gszcs CLaeCga OeacLL _L goas_ggq n_m
Oe_e.
ooa geg, goom_geg go _ceo_ geg, saoc
geg, oe_geg, za@o_geg ce Lo gegsc
mmssLLL _e__e na _gsamsce _ gg_ _eguc
OeacLLLe.
_zu_.
Lcooga Lo zaqzascasqu, tueLoui, zaqzasc
CsaLLascasqu tocgascasqui, CsaLLu gascasqu,
ga mscasqu mmssLLL goasu OeaLLLLg.
CsaLLasc __e agOLamCoCa _L OeaLLL
og_e. _eo _c CsaLLu, sc_g CsaLLu, _u_
CsaLLu, Co_ CsaLLu ce z+ CsaLLascasL
mmssLLLg_g.
zaqms ceLo uago __gzaoa. o _ Lo
_gsamsc Lc mg_e. _zequaze ceLo uagoL
mmme _Laaczaug_a.
ga ceLg ggsec mLL OLmagu CsaLLasec
mLo gaguaqu. __ee gaLLa ceCLa sLLL_ge.
gaLsq ___g m. __ee mz ceLo sLLL_ge.
__oa ceLo ggez _eog_ _eoue _o.
uee msqu g_s_e_ t_eei gaLLa OLagussLq
_gmLLa. __ee _eggeo ceL.
ggsc ceLg _o _LLmmme gg _asuaqu.
oggsec mzuuC_ao ggsc, C_o_aeo ggsc
ce _e___e. qoOoa ggmgu szau eeL qeg
g_g. gm oamau, C_aLL oamau ceL LcCog
oamaasc szau eeLue Lcseco Oeg og_e.
[__.
Lcoosao_gc gszascc _gaagu _eosc
g_e. _eo _gszeasc ceg OLa OLggg_e.
_e _eoo _gszcs uggu _gsze CLaes
ceLLLLe. osc gg o_aquLu _gszeueLLu
ceLLLLg. ga mscc g_ ggoeeL szeu
ceLLLLg. _e _eooe sze__ae ceLLLLa. Lcoo
180 181
sao gguegasc o_sqsec _eg m_ __azasecs
Osae meam__e. _eo . eaL z. _oeu . _aoa
eaL ceL_aqu.
ccoa gg uegas_squ _eoeu ggueguas
tOLaguegui mcasa gguegu _uaeeu ceL_aqu. g
_zezg Cgzs sesacLmc g_g. saze _eLu,
_gsze_eLu ce _eLee o_aqu _egu g_g.
ogggOscoau Cuoas ueeCe gaLe _eoeuaae
ggLgaaso OeacLLLa.
z.zu.mz
Lcoo sao_gc aaeeLLeL, qgezLLeL, saoaL
LeL, C_LLeL, uggu sLgLeL ce ggg oesLLeLsc
g_e. azu LLLau LeLue ooeueau CLa
_egsecu agsegg. Cugu, Co_ LLLau
LeLssmsecL Lgg O_cqLL_gsegg.
osc sao_gc gg_ sLgLeL g_O_e_ O_msgg.
__oau gzuue _eg geLe uagou_ssas oaes
ug LeL gL_g Ooggs OsaeLae. sLgLeL n_maac
zag uue oLe_ )eo Ooegae.
. 1. s. oqq+m [sm
Lcoo sao_gc oeazu _u _eg meLggLLLLg.
mzaue, p_ga, eoma, g_gz ceg gaeq mmqo
e__aa_ggqL Lcoosc _ssa_gou Osa__e. gg
eaugzs CsaLLasecL meLgg e__aa_e_ _eu__e
ceg __oau LzCuuozee azu LLLa_u gggouee
saesq LLLa_u qgLmsegg. mzauesc, p_gma
sec_ _mz, ocssc, seosc, OLagOsacosc,
suae, _oee, n_osc CLaeCgaezL Lgga qgLs_u
saeLLsege.
Cugu e__aa_gc LcCog O_agc OeLos_u
g_e.
Jza q.a
Lcoo sao_gc OLesc naoass s_LLLLe.
_osc eua_ggu, Csaug Lcscgu =LLLe.
_os_sq Oea_gmeuu g_g. OLuLagu qoe
q_geaCa uesqu L_ssu saeLLLLg. _zau
_zeqoL OLes_u OLuLagu CsaugLcscCoCa
=LLLe. ugg e_sL OLesc gcgggc, Ogeq Oe_c,
Lac mggc, _mggc CLaeg maaLazascc =LLLe.
gLe uag_ Csauc Lcscc =LLLe. gueu
OLgCgame eeqLe geLOLggg.
z zaam
OegOgc, OoeOgc, q_g _LLu sog_ gge,
quuaa __g tLLu OoeOeui _ssaz _c
tessezL OLaasci Og sog_ Ceag, _oc __g, uggu
_uo Ceagu neLe.
_.z _aa.a
Lcoo sao_gc OLagoas geL _asaae CoL
_cg_e. Oecog_u, _zes quL__au n__#au
ceLLu _eLea _cg_e. Cugu soasu, LL,
d_auLzu CLaegeou Oecog_sc _cg_e. geo__
_eL, go _eL CLaegeo eua_ ggms_u eggaa
s_u _cg_e. ggaeL, CuoaeL, Ceeo CLaegogego
ea_aze ussc _cg_e.
s__g _cs_u, sag _cs_u, sac Osa_ss_u
_caLLLLe.
_za _eouc uqLu, meo nag_ gessc
_cg_e.
182 183
. 1. o. omm [sm
Lcoosaoo euaoa_ses Csaueoo sggCa
_euggg_g. oe, mq@ ce_u sLqc ug Lsg
OLsOs_C_aag. esg ogLau gLggg_g uggu
eL_ua_, CgqLa ogLau mgsao eua_gc oco
OLgge. Lcoo sao_gc ggeua_gee saeaL_gau,
Oscuazu, Oeczu, eas_u, eeou, eoeou ceg
_goeso euauas mm_g ussc ogLLLLe.
OLaesaa_oa, ____a_oa, CLaa_oa _egCa
sa, uaucozu, euoaL_mgu mgg_oscao. gugee
__oa OeasgLL uaoLLu _mg_ocosq _sc
mgg_o. guaes __oa _eLac CLaeCga Lcoo
sao_gc eoeo eua_e_L CLagg oc__e.
scLmz _Lssao_ggqL mgq eeo eoeo
euaasc Oeg_C_aase. eue_u OLc___u uega_
O_aLase.
eeo eua_gc Lo secsc g_e. LasL_u, saLaosu,
saca_su, usamzu, CLaegeo qgLmL__sseo.
ceCo, mgsao_gc s.m. _u gggaegqL mgq
euaocouc q uguoo, C_aegag. C_oazu, gaoauz_
goma mzLg_u CLaeg euagcsc _egCa eeo, eoeo
euaasce s_ouas mcaqsgg.
omoqm 0nmqqm
nmm
L_gzLaqqLe eggzqL_ Oucma ezoeOLoCsaoa
teugsq _sci og_g __gOsaeCL eueu
O_ees_gc Lzo _zum__g. scLmz sao_gc _g
CueCugu gL OLgg mcasag.
oggzgggaac C_aggmssLLLL ugez gzamL easu
_ou eueuOLu _eCeggu se _u_s_ge
O_eCsaoez Lzooaugg. sa, occueo, OLae@,
gssaLLLcc, Oeg_eo, gasueoL gsCsaLeL CLaeg
Lqgscc _as eue eue eua_e_ oc__e.
__oc __oau uCsggz oue ggaqssze uggu
ae Laeae CLaeCga eue eua_ggCs __zq gcse
ceLg ozoagge aggaqu.
Jz__m
_Ceas sao_gogg _u_s_gc OLc__ u_u Lzmag.
eas sao_ggqL mgq _gsaoL Lcoo sao_gc eue_u
OLc___u geq ocoggg. Lcoo uee, Lo _gq
__zq gcse. oae soaa oesue CLag sauc
oo __ uLas_u_gc o,ooo __ ggmsc g__asqu
_ug qgLmc agcca.
CLaguaes, Le_aaeg, gaes CLaeg Lascc
OLc__ euau Oecoasq OLgg mcasag. eeos_u
eoeos_u euesecu, OLc__secu
Looa_ascc Ooeg os_eLa Oecoases qg__gLe
eue, OLc__ ggmsc Loezs s_mCoggs Osaege,
eueL Lccsc ssLLLLe. OLc__ _oaasc Osacec
_ssLLLLe ceg agLLsgg.
. 1. . osm mm1
ggas Csaug sLLLsseoea gaszs seo,
Coezsseo, gzamLs seo ce _eg mmqscasL
mmssLLLLg. gzamLs Csaug seo Lcoo sao_gc q
OLu zLeas seLg. Csaug seouc _gaaL
OLaecs Osae __oau uCsggz oue OLu zLea
ggL_geae.
184 185
azzzaa.a
Lcoosaos sLLLs seouee _eg OLu
mmqscasL mmssoau. _eo,
. qeLoezs Csaucsc (Rock Cut Temples)
z. qgegssc z_asc (Monolithic Rathas)
. sLuaes Csaucsc (Structural Temples)
I. s:ms; 6o+mmom
O_e gga ozoaggc __c _egaae Lcoo sao_gc
__oau uCsggz ouee sao_ggu, uaucoe sao_ggu
Laegeas qeLgg Csaucsc noassLLLLe.
ueLsLLL, Lcoaozu, ocou, uaueg, qzase,
uCsggzoa, auasou, _coa@, go, __eeoaec,
_saeo uCsggzoue sao_gc qeLaLLLL qLoezs
Csaucscaqu.
uaucoe Lacs qess Csaucsc, qLoezs
Csaucs_Le z_asecu ggL_geae. uaucoee
qeLoezs Csaucsc OLuLagu uaucoz_gCoCa
saeLLsege. ssao_g ueLLascc saeLLu
gesce gL _mua _eeasacscc geg
meeasacscc _uggccg CLaos saeLLo_aqu.
z. q[s om @;q+om
uaucoe c_u __oau gzuuee usLOLu ea_ee
uauco z_gc qgegs scoCoCa OegssLLLL z_asc
_qu. qCz L_gc squ ggg z_asc Oua__uas
LeLaeLo z_asc ce _e_ssLLu. _eoaaoe.
gOzcLgz_u, _osez_u, duz_u, _uzagz_u, gqo
esaC_oz_u _saeoaqu.
1. orm+s 6o+mmom
Lcoo saos sLLs seoue q ga uagg_e_
zaguue ggL_geae. ooess Csaucscc
OegssLLLL sgsecs Osae soeg, __eCuc
muaeui ___ ueLLu, _s ueLLu, sggLgo so
CLaegogeg ggL_geae
Lcoosaos sLuae Csaucsce oessec
zaguue Lac, gggoue Lac ce mmqscasL
mmssoau.
uaucoz sLgsezs Csauc, Lee ueo oe Csauc,
sa suoaaga_ Csauc, zaguue Lacs
Csaucscaqu.
sa __C_soz Csauc, azu OLuac Csauc,
g__c oaLaucosoz Csauc, qucou LzCuuoz
Csauc CLaege gggoue Lacs Csaucscaqu.
uzaa.a
uaucoz_gc saeLLu qgegssc asu, aaee,
ggg, qzaq CLeLasqu saL, usqaszu_ge ueLL
CLasCsao saL, _u__g ueLL_ggu gOzcLg
z__ggu saeLLu gLasc Csao__esmeas seee
msqu saLu _osee _osCsaou ceLLu saLsc
aaqu gLsseosqL mgsaoL Lcoosce gg_
eaegscas egu mcaqsege.
_.naa.a
mgOLasecs OsaeCL Lcoo ueesc ggg
mcase. eaze eag, Lmoage tmeeuc ocooei,
ee_gassam tqeLoez Csameo sLaoei CLaeg
186 187
OLasec uCsggz ou_u, oa_a m_aa_ze, _C_a_a
_u t_C_aga mee oaLLgc ocoei, meagaz_e
CLaeg OLasec zaguu_u OLggg_e.
Lcoosao eessmsOce aa_, q_c, seem,
Osassm, mee, _ses, __ou, Ouage_, u_asu, u__cu,
_ggm, __su, g, _acu, nses, OsasL, ___ou,
qL__a, _zeu, CLaegeo LaeL__LLLL_as C_oazL
LaLcsc _ou _gseCgau. ee Lgga Oegsec
quaae ueos scOoLe_ou _gseCgau.
qz.m, qozaaa.a
Lcoo sao_gc gLesseo gL OLggg_gq gg_
c_gssaLscas Lcoome CsaucsCc mcaqsege.
eoqg_L OLuac Csauoc saeLLu so gLasc,
sa suoaaga_ Csaug gLas_u gmaas_u
gLesseoue gLeL OocL_gsgg.
gLes seoLe gaLss seou gL OLgg g_e_
uCsggz ouee u__moae mzseeu ceg oLOuag
gaLs gc euas s_C_a ussc oa_sesL Lggu
c_gausgg.
um
__ee oaec, sa esoaa ga_ _oau, Leueo
s#uoz _oau CLaegogge soscgu, gescgu
us __sa oee gmaasc saeLLsege.
__oau uCsggzoue gmau c_u _gzs seouc
gg_ _ggc OLggg__ac oezo _gzssazL o ce
scOoL LazaLsgg.
aa
Lcoo sao_gc sa, La L_uLg CLaeg
Lascc scms aLasc g_e. eo nascm
CLagsqu Luasqu, oLOuag sgmsqu aLuasqu ggg
mcase. _uLao ceLo scm sgL_gsas gaog_a
Lcseoss_s_ggqo Oeeg_as qgLsc ncce.
scmug sezuoa_ saua gs ce _LL s_azu
gLcca.
Cugu, _ssz_azas_u, mzuums_u scm uggu
seo ocouc OLmgu gee mg_e. Lcoo sao_gc
Csaucs_u uLas_u scms aLasca OeacLLLe.
c_gssaLLas sa esoaega_ _oa_gc gLu, gmau,
ee, gLeu, gaLsu uggu usaLaz_u, zauae_u
sgmssLLLLe.
gaes, sa, _Lo_u, _aeasLsu __oa Lascc
OLc__ m_azas_u scmo eaeos_u uggu
gLLagmLog, gLL_gs qegu CLaeg Lascc
eueL Lccs_u g__as scOoLsc _ou _gsCgau.
_aaaum
mgsaoL Lcoosao_gc, eas sao_e_L CLaeg
geuaae _u_ ossauas _euggssmceo. sazeu
Lcoosc mgsao_gc oLOuagaasa euus__ggqs
Osa__ OecoasCsaaqu. _osc ea_oaseme _Lc
mg_CLagu scLmza sao_ggu mzas_u, euus_u
OuagsecL CLagge. sauc q euus_ sc_m
eo_g gL_ge. ceCo Lcoosc oL Ouagsq
_ssa_gou Osa_g _ugc soL Ouag C_aeg og
oq__e ceL.
zJmo _aaaum
uumq@me sao_gogg zag uue saou oez
ts.m. __c s.m. o oezi euus_ Ouague
OLagsaouaqu.
188 189
. Lazmue - sz_a geau / mzseeu
z. __oau uCsggzouee - u__ moaeL mzseeu
. CLa_aaea - Lasogsu
+. _ee - _equazsm_u, _ogg sg_m, s_ao eazu
uggu soLeoaeo___a, CoasmLasu sama_eeu
CLaeg euus_ gcsc oLOuag ossa_ggq __q
CeLLeoaqu.
_m _aaaum
Lcoo CLzzesc oLOuageaL CLaggag
neeuOaec _osc _u_ Ouagea gzasmssmceo.
_o _u scOoLssc, LLLaasc _saoggc OLuLqg
_ugCoCa oezaLLLLeoaacce. ceCo, Lcoosao
_u_ oco Lgg aq saeLg us _oauaqu.
. Cezuae OLuac gaaea - aeqoa, OLaeoee_g
_g_ag, _uucs Csaeo
z. sasgaL ueee Osaaq Coc - OsaaqCoc
uase_ tOLase_i
. _egau uuoue - o__c OoeLa
+. C_aoa Ouag_C_o - gcauc
. OLgC_oea - Laz_ OoeLa
o. _LL, sg_z euLg_ - C_oazu
. guaesaa_oa - goaOuag
a. _eLac - gLLaeo
uggu gggssouLsu t_u gggoueeL Lggagi
__O_accauzu t_Cog_secL Lggagi, uggu osse
gcscas easaaL LaLac gc, uazaeu CLaegeo
ssao_e_o eag_eoaaqu.
1. S. g mss
_. 1_ m1omm ms:mm
. mgsaoL Lcoosce saou aag
z. uggm ueLou qgL oezs.
. _gszeasc gqgL c_g
+. gg eua_ge _goeso euaasc aaeo
. mgsaoL Lcoosao sLLLs seoue _eg mmqsc
aaeo
o. egCog uascu qgL oezs.
. mgsaoL Lcoome eessmsc aaeo
@. nm1o_ mo+mm ms:mm
. mgsaoL Lcoo sao_e_ _ga n_qu eaegsc
aaeo
z. mgsaoL Lcoo ueescc _ssauaeosc aao
. mgsaoL Lcoosce gg_gegea mcsqs.
+. mgsaoL LcoosaoL OLesce geo aag
. mgsaoL Lcoosce eessmsc aaeo
o. mgsaoL Lcoosce scm geo Lgg c_gs.
. Lcoosao gg_eg cooag g_g.
a. mgsaoL Lcoosce eua geo cooag g_g
@. q_ no _mmm ms:mm
. mgsaoL Lcoosce _zac geoea mcsqs.
z. mgsaoL Lcoosce e_s geoea Lgg mcss
c_g.
190 191
. mgsaoL Lcoosce eesseo Lgg c_g.
+. mgsaoL Lcoosao _L _egea mcsqs.
. mgsaoL Lcoosce _eL _csoesc aaeo
o. mgsaoL Lcoosce eua oco Lgg mom.
. mgsaoL Lcoosce sLLLsseo oco Lgg
mcss c_g.
a. mgsaoL Lcoosce ossa oco qg_g mmoas
c_gs.
s. mgsaoL Lcoosce oLOuag uggu _u_Ouag
ossa gcsc aaeo
o. +s no _mmm ms:mm
. mgsaoL LcoosaoL LeLa Lgg q sLez oezs.
z. mgsaoL Lcoosao scm, seo, ossau qg_g q
sLez oezs.
1. 4. gss 0esgJss
msQ
Cea_ga CeageL_g ceLg _gOuag. g
ggaLe oc_e_s saLsgg. oaecama Csamcs_u,
seees sou gmaas_u, uee_ uasqu gLas_u,
s_e_ geu ossaas_u geggg CLaggLLLL
Cea_sao_gc ussc gLLuLL usscaLeas seLe.
_ee_g uss_u uegegCoa Lcmgg ocuae
oa_ses oa_gg og_e.
sass age, _ee_g gegs_u __ gegq OLgg
geouc saeLLLLg. ceCo _ae _u_s ozoaggc Cea_
saou OLagsaou ceg CLaggLLsgg.
7. 4. 1. aoam
mgsao Cea_sc ggsqeg s.m. a+o __c s.m. zs
oez gg_ _eguc _L Oeg og_asc. s.m. _u
gggaec mgsaoL Laeame c_oueac Cea_L CLzzs
m_osqccaeg ceL.
7. 4. 2. no._a
Cea_sao _LeaL Lgg _ggg Osacc scOoLsc,
gaeaasc, sLLLsseo, gLsseo, gmasseo, Lusseo,
__oaequ (Iconography) Cea_sao uso gg_ ooscasa
qceoaa, Cess_a, suL, qLLsa__, sC_gg
_sCaame ossaL LeLLsc uggu saLmaasc,
osse gcsc, gsesc eeo_ _u_ ossaasc, eeo
__ag_ ea_gzasc, uLasc, Csaucsc CLaege eaegscas
mcaqsege.
192 193
7. 4. J. _aau _;noa
. LzCsem mgaaoa Cea_e ts.m. a+o - s.m. aai
z. zagCsem _g_ga Cea_e taao - s.m soi
. LzCsem __oau Lzag_se tso - si
+. __oau zagzage ts.m. sa - s.m. ozi
. __oau zaCgggze ts.m. oz - s.m. o++i
o. __oau zagag zage ts.m. o++ - s.m. o+i
. __oau qCoa_gase ts.m. oo - s.m. zoi
CLaeg _zesc mgsao Cea_sao_gc _ssa
_zescas mcase.
7. 4. 4. _;uua q.a
Cea_ ueesc _ea_, saes OsaeL Cea_zu,
sazu CLaeg Lasec_ _eogszascass Osae
_L Oe_e. qaaLLe aa _aaLuc Cea_
sao oamsmeuugu C_gO_ssLLLL _egugu
saeLLLL gL _ueasc CoOgg_ _Lugu
saeLLLmceo.
Cea_ ueesc _as_sqL mgq _Lsq oo_gqma
_u_eLa _coscc __C_a_sq _u _Ls
sao_gCoCa cozsL LLLu gL _Luc __Lou
OLgo Oe_C_a LeLOaLsecu CugOsae, _L
goas_ ggeusq _ Csaoe. c_gssaLLas zagzage
sao_gc, _u use zaCgggz_sq cozsL LLLu gLL
Lo CLasec CugOsacco Oeg gaLeL mmoasseae.
Cea_ _Luc szau eeLsc Osaeog_
)uaeasec u_ga _ze OeacL__s sLeu LLg_g.
o_sqsec meam_g_ )LLcLLg szau eeLue
OLagLLas g_g. szau eeLaac )ss _aa_L
mzoeesec _zee _e _gsamsec __Lm )_g
eo__ae. o euau ueee mgau Oe_ Lascgu gg
meazee gL_g )L o_asa_as scOoLsc Lssege.
_gsazasc _ee_gu ueeeLCu qmggss mceo.
_sCo _zee _eeoeeaas ce_u Oea _aag.
Cea_ ueesc _gL _ze nmeu OLu geeacc,
neLaa, esszo_gsc, gmoe esszo_gsc,
CsaCemeeus OsaeLae. zag Csemoue, LzCsemoue,
CsaLLz Csem, zagag zage ceg LLLasec uag uag
eegg OsaeLe.
_zac _gsamsc OLg_eu, g_eu (Gazetted and
Non-Gazetted officer) ce oesaas OeacLLLe.
ueeee Oeaos_gc _seLoag Lcaacsc
gaussLLLg_e.
. goas Cscm t_zeee _eesec nL_sqLe
OocuLoei
z. guggz geo gaasu tueeee _eesec geouc
c_gLoei
. guggz geo gaasu t_eoeuo Oeaoac - Chief
Secretary)
+. sumge t_eesec gaLe Lo Las_sq
Osae OecLoei
. ga saoogsam tgaLc _eug saLLoei
o. zqom_gees sc__a tgooms s_sui
. zqom_gees sc_gs sesac tgooms sesqsec
CugLaeo OeLoi
a. omLOLa__ss sesq t_cses _gsami
194 195
s. g_ss sesq t_zeuees sesqsec emLaLLoei
o. ga oes Oeoa tmec go_ge _z_e_L mmLLoei
cnoz cz;;u. zooa
_Luc goees sg Cea_L CLzzee Lo
ueLoascasL mm_gg_e. qoOoa ueLo_ggqu
cozesc _cog ngmesc __gscas
gaussLLLLe. uago_gc _eugsaLLg mzoeesec
u_ga _zssq c_gezLLg, u_ga _ze _eeseco
OeacL_gog _saeo _os_eLa Lcscaqu.
qoOoa ueLo_u Lo ocgascasqu ocgasc
Lo gascasqu gasc aggascasqu o_asLLLLe
gasec __g egCog uasou cequ, qoOoa
egCog uaso_u o ggsecs Osaeg_e. ueLo
_gsam ueLosc ce _e_ssLLLLe. gaL _gsam
gaLaeoae, gaL gaasu, gaeLaae ceg
_e_ssLLLLae.
a;om _zu _.
Cea_sao mzaL_eg nosu masqu oeeu
gLL OLgg g_g. szau eeL C_gO_squ _eg
__e OeacLasc qg_g tn_gzCuq egCog uaso_go
eeLeaL Lggi n_gzCuq scOoLc qgLmLLLLccg.
eeLsc gaeq mmqscasL mmssLLL g_e.
_eoaaoe
. egCog uaso_gog_ eeL mzauesc mzuC_a
nmeuLe o__e.
z. gsCsaugsqma C_o_aeascc g_ eeL
. mzaue _coa_o oa_g_ mscc saeLLu eeL
+. ocssc oa_g_ gszascc g_ eeL
mmese o_g og_ _qg OLgg _ee_g
_euss_u szau eeLue _qg OLgg ngLmezao.
_oeeLsec OLaqg cegu usa eeL cegu ago.
oeeLue gL_gu qLCoaeo _eguc C_gO_squ
_qgoag_ ngLmesc szauL Lcscc =Lu LcCog
oamaascc Lu OLgo.
c_o_a _.
C__c gaceg m ussc _eeou qeg ao.
_LLg quLascasL mmssLLL _qgeLCaame
OLasec geouc c_g _g_g_ Lqgseco eag_ geo
ceLe_ _ga __ee _e__eCa _LLg sLscass
sLs qL_gc mo. mee goee _e__g g
geossLeL csso Oeg, _m__g ugOga qL_gc
L qgss _ogoeeCa q geoea uLu csso
Oeo. ooag _e__eCa _LLg sLscoggu _LLg
CLsc qLCoaeo _ou C_gO_ssLLo.
oouoa_m az.ma_m
qLCoeo _eguc C_gO_ssLLLL LcCog
ngLmes_u Lo oamaascc CessLLL Lcmoasc.
. euo_ ezoamau tmme OLag samaasc Oeoi
z. gmoamau tmme ggeosecs soe__ci
. C_aLL oamau tmec goasc guCLasq goasecs
soe__ci
+. Le oamau tLe_e_o emOea m usscLu _aeau
Cesm_g Lagsa__ci
. OLae oamau tOLae nez__c, OLagsassec _za_ci
o. sesqoamau tm sesq sesac__ci
. soaq oamau tgLLaee_e_s sesac__ci
a. _Log oamau tm ogoeaeoseco OeLLe_ci
196 197
z.z .aa
Cea_saoL LeLsc oesaasL mmssLLLg_e.
. goLLeL z. sLLgLeL.
goLLeLuc aaeeLLeL, qgezLLeL, saoaL
LeLsc g_e. LeL__eooe LeL __o, Ceee __o
ce _e_ssLLLLae. _LLeL_ _cLgea ua_eL
gaase ce _e_ssLLLLae.
7. 4. 3. n__ou q.a
no__.
Cea_sao e_s geo eag _LLeLaass Osae
_eussLLLg_g. qoOoa eagu __e
C_eosecu, nmeusecu ngqsecu Lagsa_gs
Osacogc __soeu Oeg_ge. uz oguc O_agcsc
meLggLLLLe. ceCo, Co_sao eag_egsCc Cea_
sao_ggu O_aLgg g_e cega.
o;omoa
mzauesc scmagqu, Co_asec geq
sggoscasqu ggg mcase. e__aa_gc nag_
geouc saeLLLLe. _os_sq mzuu C_aas_u
_cssLLLLe. _zesqma _oeamascasqu,
_euoescasqu, LeL__eooscaqu uggu Co_asc
ggu Cocmsc Oegu ueesce gumsessqL
La_gzuaeoscasqu g_e. oscg LcsecL
LazaL mzuzaa LLLas_u gsCLas mzuC_a_u
_cssLLLLe. Csauc goas_e_u_osCc soe__e.
n__ouoa
e_gmasc gaLc _eug saLLgu cceosecs
sesacLLgu, CLassaoascc _zeeg Ooggs_sq
nggeeaas ggLgu e_gmasce Lcscaqu. ueesc
_ueu e_gma ces ags Osacoe_ OLmgu mume.
__oau zagzage _eee e_gma sauc ceg
agsOsaeLae.
Joo
Cocaeeu _ssa_ O_agoass s_LLL,
_zeaas_gc os_sq Lo egessc _cssLLLLe.
Osaeo _eLeeuoggu mosq _cssLLLLg.
cssazeu Osaeu g_ e_gL OLeseco eeLsq
_e__g ozs aLag ceg samm Lass_gs scOoL,
agsegg. O_aeg O_aL go_e_ n_g e__aa_ge
_gOsguLas osc mcaqo_ac osec e_gzCug
OLma gaLLa cegu qgLmLLLLcce.
oam
oacsu OeLo oaca, ceg _e_ssLLLLe.
nc gaL oacsu OocgaL oacsu gLL OLgg
mcasag. oscc gsz__a, ucszau__a, ooa,
gaea C_a_ geeaauz_g ggggo ceg Lo ocss
q_ssc g_e.
Jza q.a
Cea_saoL OLesc nag_ geouc saeLLLLe.
_os_sq Oea_gmeu g_g. eua ossaasc,
zaeasc _saoggc C_o OLgg g_e. seoe
gg_me _e Oea_e_s Csaugsq c_geoLLgu,
Csaucsc sL Lo gog_asc _csqu nmeuu OLgg
g_e.
seoee O_ouas gee_g ogLLLe. OLesc
seoe gg_ me o nLesLeL Cagag Lggu o
q_ge_s_ssas Coe nuoa_g_e_u scOoLsscc
saeoau.
198 199
__moa
gue_geCLag OLe@sq oz_Leeeu, _e_u
gouasCoa, LeLuasCoa OsassLLLLe. Oea_e_ _e_g
cou mgs _aag. OLuLagu eag_ gueasCc
geLOLgge. qoe Lo OLesec uesqu L_ssu
g_g. ce_u qo uLCu LLL_g _zaas g_a.
gLeuag_ C_ozaa cegu _coCem OLesc
Csauc meassc cegu _e_ssLLLLe. Csaueo_
geuaas eo_g LLgu, m_assaoascc
gLeuaogu uaeo sLogu, goaesu Laogu
O_agoass Osaeg_e. osc _zeueeuc
gLeuaCoa, Csaucscc gLeuaCoa ce
mmqscass saeLLLLe uuag_sc.
_eu _egu Cea_sao_gc gomag. _es_u
OLes_u o _euaassLLLLe. gLeuag_sc
_zeueeugu Csaucscgu saeLLLLe. osc
sassq mgsLLLLe.
_.z _aa.a
ussc L_gaagu LLLagu _eLsc _cg_e.
_aae (Tailor) ceLoe Csauc eos_sq_ gcsec_
e__g _cm__ae. _e OLe Laou Leo
_cg_e. Oucoa _eLeau OLesc mume. LeL
mzsc oLeL _cg_e.
_csoesec _es_u, OLes_u OLmgu
mumacg_e. __g, Lo_u, uzs_u, uacssu,
ucuaeo CLaegogeg _csoescc LaeL_ge.
s__g _cs_u essaLs_u Lm _cs_u OLesc
_cg_e.
.a
OegOgc Oeeao, gOoccm, Lug, ozq, cc, gee,
ueoam, Ceacu, su, n_gq, _oez __oa _aeaasc
o_ss_gc g_e. coCeag, _uoCeag, OgoCeag,
sga_g __oae neoas eeussLLLLe. ego uggu
ge_sc seau neoas nLOsaeLe.
Jzo__czoa
CsagoeeeL, g mecaaL, Lg_a_c, eessm
uLLc, gLeu, gaLsu sa@_c, euao OeagOLagqsecs
CsLLc uggu CoLeLaa_c, q_goeeeLu_c
CLaegeogeg OLa_gCLassass Osaeg_e.
qmoa.aa_m zaaoa_m
sao Cgzu La__c, ga_su La__c, qg Oeacoc, CL
meas, ecau, Laou, Lco Oeacg_c, sasu sez_c,
seme Loe, guuc CLaegoggc gumses
Osaeg_e.
q_ge_ mgg_ me ue OLaLLc, ga_su sc__c,
OLagL m_a gL_g_c uggu eua eLaqsc CLaeg
L_ssasec uz oguc meLgg og_e.
. 4. o. omm mm1
Cea_ sao_gc eua_geguc q ga __gaaau
O_aLasLLL gg euau Oeg_C_aase. eeo, eoeo
eua_ __gos s_gsc Coqeg Csaug Lcsc nag_
geo _eLgg Cea_ sao_e_ eua_geguc q OLagsao
uasse. Cea_ ueesc Csaucs_squ uLas_squ gou
_aeuas o_as ocogo Oe_e. . C_o_aeu toe
Csauci z. gmeLaaLLu tguac Csauci . Lcco eg_u
teue, OLc__ Csauci +. uLLgu tuLasci, . eaoCLasu
t_g_e, oCaasi o. mzuC_au tCo_u Lueg mzauei
200 201
.m
_ee, saes OsaeL Cea_zu, _azaszu CLaeg
gszascc OLma Csaucsc sLaC_a _sgcc
szauascgu Lo ga Csaucsc sLLLLL euaL Lcsq
ueesc OLmgu n_m mg_e.
eeo, eoeos Csaucsc Lo _eussLLL, LcCog
sLqc _o_azas_u, C_aggas_u, eoscas
ooeussLLL ogLa Oeg og_e. g _mz ggs
sLqcas oeaqu LcCog sLqcsce eos_u
Csaucscc _eu_g eua ocosq Cugu m_gLLe.
Cea_ ueesecL CLaeCg _zau eua
ocosquOLu__zq _g_e. Oeumae uaC_m,
qg_eo, Leoe usaC_m, oaeoe uaC_m, CLaeCga
gog_asc _c_g eua ocosqL LaLLLe.
Cugu, Cea_sao_gc _oeamas_ueuas
Osacessec_ __go _eguc LzLme. zaua_g
muLa_geo_ __gos OsaceseaL LzLmaC_a
_a___LLLL ussecs Csaugsqc Oeeg ogLLo Oe_a.
__oau Lzag_see sao__ozas ga__esc
__oasce Laszasec gaoauz_ goma mzLg_u ceg
OLamc O_aq__c__a.
.nm
eeo eua ocosq gaaeuasce O_ae
_uOLu O_aeLaqu. ggaezg gumaaeLa gum
Lee g_egsecu, eeo __ag__e_
eg_aeaeamas_u tOu seLa, _c ggg, uegae
euLg_, nuaLg oui eua ocosq OLgO_ae
mg_e.
gLesseo, gaLssseo, eesseo _ouasqu
euass_gsec cca _eguc Lauzuss_sqL muL
c_gez__e.
Cugu, oaesL LeLOaLme CLag zagzage
_aq oaoaasc sLaC_a _sCsaugsq Lo
go_aeas_u Osa___ass scOoL _ou _gaoau.
uggu, Co_gcsc, zauaaeu, usaLaz_u __oaeeo
Lo Co_LaL eaeosc _ou sgmssLLL eua ocoea
msqm__e.
Cea_sc Csauc m_assec OsaeLae. Csauc
m_assce CLag gaLs_ge _ou eua_e_L LzLme.
_aCs eua ea_gzasecu guegsecu uss_sq
_ooLCLag mmqez Oeg euas Osacessec c_gs
age ces scOoLssc _ouas _gaoau.
nm_m, Jz___m
Cea_ ueesc Lo Lo gog_asc _c_g eue
Lccsecu OLc__ uLaoaasecu ggL_g scm
uggu eua ocosqL LaLLLe.
Cea_sao_go euegc g__ssC_ome os
g_auc aaqu. Lcco eg_u ceLLu eues Csaugsq
omucoa go_aeu _c_gcce. __oau zagzage, __oau
qCoa_gasc saoascc go_aeu _c_g eueeuau
ocosq OLgO_aeLaggcce.
gasLLLeu __sce _ssa LLeuas Cea_
sao_gc mcasag. gasLLLeu OLc__ msaz_gsq _cs
sLLLL szau_aeu Lgg oLee OeLCLsc agsege.
saugu OLc__ euau Oecoasq OLggg_g.
oaesuc geLOLgg __ usagaLgq Cea_
gaLogg __ mLssc Oeege. __e OLaL asc
202 203
ueee Lo _eLcLseco Cea_ uee_sq _c__ae
ceg )Loueu agsegg.
. 4. . osm mm1
eg nosu CLaggu nee_ saouas Cea_saou
mcaqo_gq _ssao_ga sLLLsseo, gLsseo,
Lusseo, eesseo, gLesseo uggu gaLssseo
CLaegogge ocoCa sazeuaqu.
Cea_sao Csauc sLLLs seo:
. _gsaoo Cea_ Csaug sLLLs seo ts.m. aoo __c
sa oezi
z. mgsaoo Cea_ Csaug sLLLsseo ts.m. o __c
zo oezi
mgsaoo Cea_ Csaucscc _ea_ mzs)uoz
Csauc, saes OsaeL Cea_azu Csauc, _azaszu Csauc
gmoeu Csauc _sae s_oa_g_eo oggc nosL
s_OLgg _ee mzs)uoz _oau __oau zagzageac
sLLLLLLg. saes OsaeL Cea_zu Csauc __oau
zaCgggzeac sLLLLLLg.
[nosm (Sculpture)
scgu smLau ceL_gCsgL Cea_saoo gLasc
Lm uag_s_sq c_gs agu. ___esa gLasecs
_seLoag mmssoau.
. O_o gooasc
z. ue_ noasc tueesc noui
. gaaeuasce ooasc
+. gLeuag_sce gLeL Luasc
. ge gLasc
o. moaqsce noasc
CLaegeoaqu.
nqmosm (Iconography)
scoc eo o__e_L CLaeg nCoasasceac
oaLo eosc neLassLLL ogLa OeaLLLLg.
_eo, Oeu, Ooesou, Oocc CLaegoggac
ooeussLLLLe.
mmosm (Painting)
Cea_ sao_gc _ees Csauoe soegue soggc
saeLLu gmaasc uso gLeLa_aqu. _oggc
___aL OsaeL sg_z ozoagu, oOLuae o_C_ac
ug _uggcc esoaa saLu sg_z Oocec aaee
ug _ugg Oecgu saLu, Cezuae OLuac gaaea
qgez ug _ugg Oecgu saLu usqu
_g_uaeeoaas ssege.
:sosm (Dance)
_uLzu, _ee, sa CLaeg Csaucscc saeLLu
gLeuag_sce gLas_u, OLmazaeu, suLzauaaeu
saLu gLesseou Cea_sao gg_ gLesseosqo
eaegaqu.
Csauoc gLeu Luggm__oe g__L CLzezae
ceg _e_ssLLLLa. gaLas seouc gg_
OLes_sq_ _eosCsao ceg LLLu o_asLLLLg.
+:oosm (Drama)
_ zag zagoszu, _ zag zag mgau CLaeg
gaLsasc geLOLgge ceLe_ _eeuc saeLLu
scOoLssce _ou _gaoau. eo zag zagee LeL
OaL uggu ea_eesec mcsqo_as _euggg_e.
@soosm (Music)
gaaeuasc __oasc _sCaame LaLcsec
eeLe LaL ggoasc g_e. aa_ oa_gLLau
204 205
Laes_u eesCsggL gLeuaqu gLeuag_s_u
g_e. ueesc eesq _ssa_gou Osa_g
oc__e. Csaucscc saeLLu gLascc
LooesLLLL eessmsecs saeoau. Cugu gLzag
eoue esuc nses LLe_u gLeuag_sce
gLe_ggCsgL LooesLLLL _acasc, Cucasc,
eessmsc aaqu ee ocggscLu LLe_ Csauc
gLascc saeoau.
omm (Education)
__c Lzag_se Co_ LaL eaeo gL__ uaeau
_c_gcc Oeg sauLc_ scOoL Lssegg.
__c zag zage sao_gc Co_asecu ossea
secu sgmsqu _mame _qgsec _cgmc
saeLLu scOoL qgLmsgg.
__c zaCgggzee ce@s scOoLc
_o_mog_ sc_meaL Lggu _aq Lcmg_
_masce mgau, uaeosc Lueg LaLasecL
Lggu agsegg.
mzzaCgggzee g_saLc scOoLc Csauc
goas_ge _ sc_m, u_gouee g_e_s
qgLmsegg.
msszu Cea_ee gmeLugsscOoL u_gou
Lugu uaeosc uL_gc neq OLgge_u,
gOoaggg scOoLc q osse LaLeaeo _eu__
Oegu, gmeLssgugcc scOoL, ueoaac_
gogg ogg Co_ag_u Lugu uaeos_sq uL_gc
neq _c__e_u agsege.
eoaeg zauaaeu, usaLaz_u, zaeasc
__oaoggc OeagOLagq geLLOLgg Oegu scOoL
agsegg.
goeu, ceeauzu, gOoaggg, CoL_ __oa
Lascc _u_ Ouagsscmo eaeosc g_as _gsCgau.
@mmm
Cea_sao_gc guOLu saLmaascae oLLgsazu,
ucCuseo, oecaaLg, qeLoCs, osg_auc
CLaegeoscc __c ze _mz ugg _eg
saLmaas_u ossa ocosqo eaegscas ncce.
gg saLmaascae n_ae quaz samau, gas quaz
samau, aCea_a samau, gcauc uggu goCs CLaeg
ogCga eue OLc__ saLmaas_u qgLmL_
_sseoaaqu.
eo _mz osse gcscasa ge@c, mzCeagau
_eaoasazu uggu gsesc aaqu Cea_sao ossa
ocosq c_gssaLLas mcaqsgg.
qogm+m]q qmm1o_m ns:nqo_m
qceoaa - __gog, Osaeeg Cog_e,
gcog, aesqgc
Cess_a - OLmazaeu _cog
g_O_aeL zaeu
suL - suLzauaaeu, gOz_Lg
eLCsaLzg_ag, ezuog _g_ag,
osqu _g_ag
sC_ggLoo - gaCcaLassaaeu
qLLsa__ - _ooa, mcec_ _u_
tqCoa_gas Cea_ei
OgaaOsaeLa - soas_gLLzc
soaLL oaoaa - sg_ zaeu
206 207
CLaeg ggLeLLsc Cea_sao ossa_ggq
OLeu CeLLeoaaqu.
gumaaeLa gum ceLo eeo_ g_egsc
Leezeu O_aq__gLe, Cugu L_g gcsecu _aCu
aggcca.
Cugu eeo euau ea_gzasc Lggaeq gcs_u
Cess_a sao_e__ O_aLgg aggLLL ncce.
eoaaqu Cea_sao ossa ocosq eaegscas
mcaqsege.
7. 4. 8. _[_u zzoz, cnooa. Jao.z
. ueesq oams coa_ CLag _ze quLu eaza_
qo ueezas C_gO_ssLLLL _eg Cea_sao_gc
qaaL _eg uog__gqo gg_ c_gs saLLaqu.
z. szau eeLsc Osaeou )uaeasec_ _ae u_ga
_zs OeacL__ Coeu ceg geo ooeuaae
q gg_ gegaas _Lsq _Csaoag ceoau.
. szau eeL ngLmesc qLCoaeo _eguc
C_gO_ssLLLL C__c _egaaeg gga
LeLaLgq Cea_sc gcsa gg_ OsaeLOaeoau.
+. Cea_sao_gc ussce goe sg ggL__LLLL
LcCog oamaasc tgegsci egcc gegaas _L
_egsq o_asLLLL OsaeL _qu.
. Cea_sao_gc _eus_ge _ou ussce
oa_sesea OggLL__ gaaeuas_u __oas_u
uggu _oeamaas_u O_ae mgg ggaL
LeLaL ocosq OLmgu gee mg_e.
o. Cea_sao Csauc sLLLsseo, gLsseo, Lusseo,
eesseo, gLesseo uggu gaLssseo CLaeg
ogge gLLae _ueasc aaqu ggaL
LeLaLgqo gg_ OsaeLscaqu.
. guOL uggu gg saLmaas_u, osse gcsc,
gsesc CLaegeo _u_ ossaL LeLLmgqu
ggaL LeLaLgqu gg_ OsaeLscas mcaq
sege.
a. ga__escac O_aq__c__ gaoauz_ gomaLmzLg_u
Cea_sao_gc o_asLLLL gg_ OsaeLaaqu.
s. gumaaeLa gum ceLo Leeze g_egsec_
O_aq__C_a _aCu L_g gcsec agg gg eua_
ggqu ossa ocosqu OLmgu O_aeLaggcca.
o. eeo __ag_ ea_gzasc Lgeaees o_asagu,
ggaL LeLaLeLL mzgLosqu oacus
zauaae_e_ _ugc smoesszo_g suL aggagu
Cea_sc ggaL LeLaLgqo o_asa OsaeLaaqu.
. Cea_sao_gc Co_sscm uggu u_gosscm
CLaegeo _ee_gu ggaL LeLaLgq OuaL
oeoas _euggcce.
1. 4. g mss
_. 1_ m1omm ms:mm
. mgsaoo Cea_sce _Lssaou aag
z. Cea_ ueesc eegg OsaeL LLLasc aaeo
. egCog uasc eeL qgLm oezs
+. qLCoaeo _eg cegac cee
. _gzCug OLma gLLa g qgL c_gs.
o. C_ozaa ceCLa aao
208 209
210 211
. Lee g_egsec_ O_aq__c__o aa
a. eeo __ag_ gcsec c_gaosc aa
s. Lusseo (Iconography) qgL c_gs.
o. guOLu saLmaasc aaeo
. gg saLmaasc aaeo
z. Cea_sao osse gcsc aaeo,
. gaoauz_ gomaL mzLg__e__ O_aq__c__o aa
_. z__ oa_a .zu
. mgsaoo Cea_ sao LeLaLeLs qgsqu _ssa
eaegsc aaeo
z. mgsaoo Cea_ _zescc _ssauaeosc aao
. Cea_ ueeee Oeaos_gc Lcmg_osc aao
+. Cea_L CLzze nLmmqsc aaeo
. Cea_sao szau _L _egue gaeq mmqsc
aaeo
o. Cea_sao C__c _eg aag
. Cea_sao oamaas_u __e sLeus_u aaeo
a. Cea_saoL OLesce geo aag
s. Cea_saoL uLasc cooag OeacLLLe
o. Cea_saoo gLasc cooag oesLL__oau
. Cea_sao _eL _csoesc aaeo
z. Cea_sao scm geo cooag g_g
. Cea_saoo gLsseoea c__ee oesscasL
mmssoau _eo aaeo
+. Cea_sao eesseoeaL Lgg mcsq.
@. q_ no _mmm ms: u_o
. Cea_sao _zac geoea mcsqs.
z. Cea_sao e_sgeo cooag g_g mcsqs.
. Cea_sao euaoco Lgg mcss c_gs.
+. Cea_sao_gc eue_u, OLc___u cooag
OeacLLLe
. Cea_sao, scm uggu ossa oco qg_g mcss
c_gs.
o. +s no _mmm ms:mm
. Cea_saoL LeLa qg_g q sLez oezs.
z. Cea_sao, seo uggu ossa oco qg_g q
sLez oezs.
. ggaL LeLaLgq Cea_sce OsaeL qg_g q
sLez c_gs.
1. . gss smqJ
msQ
_ze quL uzmc usL L_eu oag_ gL
ussos_c Laeas_u _o. osc ugezea
_eogszass Osae _u_s_ge O_eLqgea tugez,
zauga_zu, gOgcCoo, seeaaqum uaoLLasc
_Lasagi _L Oe_e.
Laea _zs L_m oams neLa_asCo g_g. use
coa_CLag ueeme eCsa_ze L_msq og_ge.
Laeasc LcCog gegscc qgLmL__ss gL
secL OLgg gco Cg_gaae LeLaLee noasse.
mgsaoL Laea sao_gc quLsc _gsuaue.
oacsu OLsag. _ms goasc mec gouassLLLLe.
g geosecL OLss ussc us_qLe ccoa go_u
OLgg oa_g_e. _eac seoL Lcscc ga Lmeau
oco ggLLLg.
. s. I. o+mm
mgsaoL Laeasc s.m. s __c s.m. oez
_L mg_e ceg qgLmLLLsegg. Cea_sq_
_eooeas _eogs ugezea_ ggg_ mee
eeLaoue qoCesze ts.m. so-zoi sao_gc Laea
Cea_sec _Lss _L Oe_e. uagoue sg_z
Laeae sao_gc _gggu Cea_sc C_agsssLLLLe.
. s. z. o+s_om
Laeasce _LeaL Lgg scOoLssc, OeLL
LLLaasc _o zae_gc _Lascc ozoaggs qgLsc,
_ssao ossa gcsc, eua gcsc, Csauc sLLLasc
saac (Numismatics) uggu uasCsaCLaCoame qgLsc,
esce qgLsc uggu oasL, _uqs, meLLLa,
Lzc CLaeCgame qgLsc _ou gau _gsCgau.
. s. 1. qm _;o1om
. eeLaoue qoCesze ts.m. so-zoi
z. __oau uagoue sg_zLaeae ts.m. zo - zai
. zeLau uagoue sg_zLaeae ts.m. zs - zi
+. eeLaoue sg_zLaeae ts.m. z - za+i
. __oau uagoue qoCesze Laeae ts.m. zoa -
i
CLaeCga mgsaoL Laea uees_c _eoggg
mcase.
. s. 4. _;mm [sm
ugezea_ _eogszass Osae mgsaoL Laea
_L mg_e. Laea ga goas oegsOse Lo
ocgascasqu tueLoasci, ocgasc aggascasqu
tCsaLLui, aggasc szauascasqu mmssLLLg_e.
ocgasec _ze quL_ge gos_g og_e.
u_ga uago uggu nccaL _euLs_sseLCa gco
O_aL gg og_g. __eac _Lue goasu
Ooggszuasqu ooeuL_u OeacLL og_g.
gaLe goas_ggq ueeCz __L OLagL ggga.
_gsazu _ee_gu _omLCu g_g. _ze_sq
_Coaeee o_as q q_ _eussLLLg_g.
_euoesc scm _gscas uLueg O_oLsg
gzumazasqu gaL goec _sseg OsaeLozasqu
mcase.
212 213
uee_sq_ geeaas Lo _gsamsc g_e.
_os_sq _sLmmoaz __osc ceg OLa.
_oogsamsc Osaasezaa, saoaszaae, u_oeza,
_eeasza, m_LLeza ceg gLL OLasecL
OLggg_e uggu,
. gaoes OeCoa tgou _zu mm_g ommg__ci
z. guggz geo t_ze _eesec c_gLoi
. guggz geogaasu t_eesec esOaaLLuL
OocuLoi
+. zqom_ geessou tooa_ geg naq_i
. usa_eL gaase tLeLue na _eooei
CLaeg na _gsams_u Laea ueesce
_Lsq nggeeaas g_e.
;+r [_m+om
Laeasce _Luc nccaL _euLsc ooeu
OLgg gs_g_e. gc _eg oes eeLsc OeacLLLe.
. mzauesc g_ mzuC_a eeL
z. mzuC_au _coa_ mscog_ eeL
. ocs oa_gg og_ gszeeL
Cugsa@u eeLsecL Lgg ua@ scOoLc O_coas
qgLmLLLLccg. eeL ngLmesec qLCoaeo
_eguc C_gO__g, _qgsCsgL LcCog oamaascc
OeacLLo Oe_e.
z.za.m
Laeasce CLaL LeLuc C_L LeL, aaeeL
LeL, qgezL LeL, saoaL LeL uggu sLLg LeLu
g__as _gsCgau. LeLscc ooeu uss q OLu
LeL (Regiment) qeg g_g. gc cL ga LeLs_u
g_e. usa eaug_e, usa _eL gaase ceCLau
LeLue na _eooscasqu, CeeagLg eaug_e,
_eLgaase CLaeCga LeLsce _eooscasqu
g_e.
scOoLssce _gCLLeLa ocoe nccLL
OLuLeLa, ooaesua Ceeea ceg LeLLmmqsc
qgssLLLcce.
_ou__.
ommgL_ gegaaeg zqom geesscu,
egLLLu, sLeu, eLom, eom, goom, geg_som,
O_agcoam uggu ocsom CLaeg LcCog omsc
ogossLLL _zss s_o_gc CessLLLLe. go_aeu
OeLos_sq goom ogossLLLmceo.
[___.
Laeame _Lssao_gc _egaae gg goas_ geg
g__as_ O_mamceo. Lm_u m ussce
mzoeesec moeeL )_g eo__g. gg o_aqu
gaaa__a oza_ geouc o_sqsc _zeeosq c_go
OecoLLLLg. _ze_u _qg_ _eLeesc o_as gaLc
ggeau _eugeau geo gaLeae.
. s. s. oqq+m [sm
Laea saoo e__aa_gc, _g_e, ocs, Cocac,
ugo, u_go uggu CeagL, ceg Lo mmme oa_gg
og_e.
OLagoas osec mzauesc, Cocacsc, _asc,
suuac, gsz__a ooaes - Laes oqLme uggu
Laeaosc ce _e_ssLLL og_e.
214 215
e_sgeoL Lgg uasCsaCLaCoa uggu oasL
_sCaame qgLsc:
. Laea gaLc oa_u ussc Lsssec CLagg
oeaqo, _e_s Osaco uaLLasc.
z. co_e_ tmi eaeu CLaL Ou_s usqu geuaas
eo_g g_e.
. naq - _a_q eg _eeou _ezuc _ug_e.
uecc mggg uecCoCa usCgau __eac
ueee ug_g oa_ Coeu ceL.
+. osce _eL _Lzeasc usqu cca_as
g_g. _u_u, ueee - _z _sCaame _eL
- _Lzeasc meo nag__ass saeLLLLe.
. a_aeagu qc_gs qLL. oosesuc uLu
neqeL. g _gguCLag qoecea n_Lc
eo_g qssauc CuCo na_g qLL.
o. O_mc L_g ngaqo. ug _ggog )euOaequ,
LaoOuequ sge. ug _ggLo agu eaLea
gggs Osacogceo.
. OLesc nag_ geouc g_e. _es_sq
gszasCo cog oa_sesuc =LLg_e. La
_eL_c, gagg g_c, _u, Cua, OoeOe, ue
mggc CLaeg O_agcscc =LLLe.
a. OLesc nascm sggL LaLcsc agge. _ze
quLL OLesc eua_ggq _ssa_gou _gg
Csaucs_sq go_aeu Oe_e.
s. uasg ua__gc seeL OLese Cgae g_e.
CsaouL gma_e_ oezg_e. gueu OLgCgame
mLLLLCa gLg_g. OLemLLaCz gueo Oeoeo
ggge. Cugu, OLes_sqo _e_u OsassLLLLg.
o. OLescc C_ozaa ceg oqLme Csaucscc
Lcmggu gLeuau og_e. oeg LeL__ OLesc
_eLo_sq _euaas eua_O_ae mg_ og_e.
. seoeua gg_gu ueema nLesLeL ggu
L_ss_e_u e__aau _osec naoasL
CLaggoe_u sae_sgg.
z. Lge_eg oa_aegu _euse OLacLu
OLaL Oocuc __LLLLLLae. _oCe _esq
neq C_L Coeu. _asqu neoc__ae. q
ga_u _ge_ue ne_Lmc oa_mceo.
___a__a
__gsqc__c Laea gaLe q _ssauae
_eogL oag_ Lcaaqu. __gsqcsquCLag _asc
nusq _L_gcoauc sasseg uggzoags_sq Lgc
q Laq _c__e ceLg uasCsaCLaCoame agg.
. s. o. omm [sm
eLssaoL Laea sao_gc euaL _ec gg
og_g. _eac, mgsaoL Laea sao_gc euaL_ec
ceo. Laeasc gg eua_e_ __ss __ss
__m__e. ceCo, eeo_u eoeo_u ggg mcasag.
scLmz sao_gc ggeuau qeossLLLLg.
eue_u OLc___u Oeg_C_aase. euesce _gssu
_eo gssaCLag ueu ugezuc Laeas_u,
O_aeeL ueLo_ge Lcoos_u c_ogg gg
eua_e_ CLagg _zum__e. _eac sosu mgg_g.
_eug _gg_g. ae Laeae sao_gc Lcoauzs
sessae euesec_ geg_ga_asqu s_mCoggs
Osaeg_asqu ozoag agsgg.
qL_secL CLao Laeas_u_soCu_ aasu,
oagCLa aasu CLaeg aasasecu, _zea sLLu,
216 217
goaLazu CLaeg _aeasecu Oeg _ssz_azu Lo
ggL_g gg eua_ggq ueu _gu mLe ce
Laeame OeLCLsc, scOoLssc _ou _gaoau.
somm (Saivism)
Laea gaLc eeo euau ocg__gq ueesc
Oe_ O_ae qgLmL__ss_aqu. Laea ueee
_mCsem ceg geg Oguage ceLoe eue eua_e__
__m g_ae. eeo euas qzo gae euLg_me
_agaac _uueee eeo eua_gsq uag, OLu __zq
o_aseae. _ozg ueem uaesassz, _euoe
qooezaau eeo eua_ggqL LaLLLe.
Laea ueesc Lo Lo gog_asc o_as
eeosCsaucsce ocosq OLgO_ae mggcce.
ozqe Laeae goOegg Oeggc _eLoe
Csaugsqu, __oau eeLaoue sg_z Laeae _uLzu
Csaugsqu, qoCeszLaeae ugezs Csaugsqu Lo
O_aesc mg_e.
Csaucscc m_assaoascc LsgLLaLcs_u tuasg
ua_ui gLeas_u gL__LLLLe. gaaeuasce noo
eosc Csaucscc eossLLL qoOoa gaaeua
mgg_gac gLe_gz_ggu m_as OsaeLaLLLLLe.
ueesc mgg_ gacscgu m_assc OsaeLaLLLLLe.
_suasec _LLeLaass Osae noae oae
CLa_s s_gsc Laea sao_gc LzLLLLLLe. __gOse
ga __gu uLasc Lo ggL_g eua_e_L LzLme
ceLe_ zeLau uagoue sg_zLLaeaee scOoL
_ou _gsCgau.
smomm (Vaishnavism)
__oasc sao_gc eoeo euau gLLas oco
OLggg. __oasce O_msL LaLcsce O_aqL
gaoauz_ gomaLmzLg_uaqu. e_ O_aq__c_
ga__esc _oa. Laea gaL __oasc, guua_oa,
ugzsmaa_oa, OLmaa_oa, _eLac _sa gacou
eoeo eua_e_ oc__e.
eeos Csaucs_sq gog_asc _c__g CLaeCg
Laeasc eoeos Csaucs_squ gog_asc o_as
eoeo eua_e_ oc__e. Cugu eoeo uLasc
_ouasqu eoeo eua_e_L CLagg oc__e.
omo, 0nmq omm+om
Laeame eLssao_gc eue u_u ugezL
Lqgscc usqu OecoasqL OLgg gs_ggg_e_
OLmazaeu agsgg. LcCog Lascc eue
sessc g__gsae __azasc ueLLas_u
tuLasci scOoLss_u saeLLsege.
mgsaoL Laea sao_gc eue ueo _ssa
Luas_ gs_g_g. zoe OLcCsaoa mgcc teugsq
_sci _oo eas_e_o eag_ Laooeggz C_o uggu
_ma C_o CLaeCga eue ueouc ecCoseu
tneea Cgae _e oLss__ci _egLL nu
ggg_e.
uggu, o, sa, _usa CLaeg Lascc OLc__
LmLasc g__gsae eaegsc ncce. _u _g
ceLo mgsaoL Laea sao_e_o Ceg_o. o
oaesuc aLLLLLL OLc__ uagaLc _ssa
LaCsggo _oa.
ooag Laea sao_gc gg euaascae eeo_u
eoe_u geq oco OLggg. Laea uees_u
_zau eua ocosqL OLmgu gee gege. eue
euau, OLc__ euau gzcqsCs saeLLLLg ceoau.
218 219
. s. . osm mm1
az,zaa.a
mgsaoL Laea sao_gc Csauc sLLLsseoue
mmoasqu ga _euL _egsc _zuLuaeg.
OocLg_gc nag_ _cmoae Csazasc, soeg,
___ ueLLu, usaueLLu sggLgL mzsazasc, Lo
ge secs OsaeL ueLLasc CLaege c_LLL
LLcce.
mgsaoL Laea L__au gggae __gOsae
ge_q oauoc OLu Csazasec sL, sLLLs seouc
uagg_e_ ggL_ge. _uLzu, _zasu CLaeg
Csaucscc gees Csaucsecu ueLLasecu,
uggu Csazasecu sLe.
ugez ueaLs Csauc, gOgcCoo, msoga_
Csauc, O_esa __s Csauc, Ogceo msoga_ Csauc
CLaegeo. qoCeszL Laea sao_gc gLLeLg_e.
oggc ___ ueLLu, uc ueLLu, eeeg, _e Csazu
__oaeo sLLLLLLe.
uzaa.a
gLLzaqeg_gc saeLLu Ceauausg_ guac,
gses, seLg _sCaame gLas_u gzuu ozas,
gLzag, osau qees quc saeLLu mq@ gLu
Cugu, ugez, gOgcCoo, O_esa, _uLzu CLaeg
Lascc ncc gLas_u gLsseosq gg_
c_gssaLscaqu. mgsaoL Laeame mgga saoo
gLasc mgagszs saoo gLasce _eeuCaa eegg
mLLe_s saeoau.
oozaa.a
Lo ngeo __gsc __oasc gaaeuasce OeL
Luasc uggu _uLzu gLzaeme eoaaqu oaLs
seo ocosqo gg_ c_gssaLscaqu.
_.n, qz.m, qozam
gLes seosc _zeueeugu, C_ozasc
Csaucscgu gLeu _e. gLesseoue gL uggu
__e ocouee Csaucscc saeLLu gLasc_ou
_gaoau. _uLzu uggu gLLzaqeg_gc ncc
gLzagme egz_aeLo_ gsCsaougLes seosqo gg_
c_gssaLLaqu.
eeue CueeueaL Lgg u__cu OsaLL omeasu
geg_ ceg LaLoe _ou geq _gaoau. Laea
_zes_u eeeaL CLagg oc__e. Cugu eeeaL
Lgg, mzu__cu, u__cu, gmeo, Ceussou, goeeu
CLaeg eessmsc aaqu Csaug gLascc
saeLLoge _ou Laea eeeaL CLagg oc__e
ceLe_ _ga _sgg.
Laea ueesc gaLss seoeau CLagg
oc__e. Csaucscc gaLsasc gssLLLLe. __saL
Laeae aLu ceg gaLs _zasgqL OLau g_g.
gaLs_gc gLCLasq a_gssac o_asLLLLg. _Lc
uscsq _eosCsac ceg LLLu OsassLLLLg. a_g
eaggs a_g, mCea_s a_g ce oess a_gsc
g_e ceg __g Csauc scOoL _ou _gseCgau.
omm
Laea sao_gc scm ocosq OLu __zq
_zLLLLg. szauascc geeeL LccaLas_u,
Csaucs_u, uLas_u uss_sq scmag_Lu Lcuc
=LLLe. Csaucscc g g gosasc g_e.
220 221
gosasc ezuog LeLazasc ce _e_ssLLLLe.
_uLz_gc _u gggaec soau C_o ceLo
gos_e_ _eu__a. Cezua C_m ceg L_ggu gosu
g_g. ccoam_uae __aog sc_u, Co_u, __gou,
euau CLaeg LaLasc sgmssLLLLe. ee, gaLau,
gaLsu CLagg ocssLLLLe. Lcmu _mas_sqL
LLL m_g, eaoCLasu __oaeo o_asLLLLe.
_g_esc oLOuags scms aLasec gL_ge. _eo
ses, m_aau_aeu ceg OLasce o_asLLLLe.
uaeosLq q_ssu, Cgeu, _ssaOue
sLLaaLL__LLLLg. Laea gaLc g_ eeo, eoeo,
eue, OLc__ uLas_u _euss scm teuasscmi
CLag__e. eeo __ag_ ocggsc gLL_g uL_gc
_as LaLu sgm__e. ssao_gc Cugu Co_u, nLgL_u,
gsae zaeasc, gaoauz_ gomaL mzLg_u CLaegeo
sgmssLLLLe. Csaucs_u scmea oc__e. omucoa
go_aeas_u tgosOsaeLi _c_g eesscmu,
gaLs_u CLaggLLLLg.
_ocoL OLeaeo tnascm aLui
seeaaqumugu, sag_g eaeo goeg_z_ggu, _
gaLc La_)sCesz z_gc g scmo eaeou
geLOLgge. uaeos_sq ooe neq o_as, go
_aeaseco eaoCLasuas _c___as O_msgg.
Co_asCcaeg, _ze goas Lug, za@o_u _zLLLLe.
@mmm
_u_ ocosq Laea OLu __zq _g_e.
_u_saLc ceg ugezea osao OeLCL s_sgg.
guua_oa, ugzsmaa_oa, OLmaa_oa, _eLac
_sCaame euaLLceaL CLac ossaL Lcu
CLagg_gqmag.
. guua_oa - goaOuag
z. ugzsmaa_oa - guua_oa Lgga g_ Lgsasc
. OLmaa_oa - OLmaa_oa gOuag
+. _eLac - gLLaeo
. uacssoaes - gOouLaeo
CLaeg gcsec c_gcce.
Laea sao_gc _u_squ oLOuagsqu mssu
_c_g ossa ocosq CL_m mg_e.
gacoes Co__u gmegLe ocz ceg __oau
uagoue sg_zee Ouz_guc qgLmLLLLccg.
zeLau uagoue sg_zee Ou_guc, sgu
_u_u O_ac ocaqoo ces qgLmLLLLccg.
uagoue qoCesz Laeaee a _u _e Ou
_guc,
_g_u_ _ma_ ug eua__g Oggu
gggseg u_Oggg gguLag _e__C_aas
___u_u u_ggu gaeueg __ogu
c__oo eua_u egLe mcasqu
ceg agLLogogg oLOuag, O_e Ouag ce
Lazag zegqu euuas __zq _g_e. Laea ueesc
ceLe_ _e _ou _gseCgau.
. s. 8. @][m non+rq[ n[o+mn n+oqm1s
0o+s:
. Laeasce szau _L goas _euL _eg
gga gegaas _euLeLs Osae mcasag. szau
eeL ngLmesec_ C__c _eguc C_gO___e.
222 223
z. Csaug sLLLs seouc gg_ uaggasecs Osae
ogg mgsaos sLLLsseo ocosq OLmgu gee
mg_g.
. scmo eaeouc ooe neqLe _zs goasL Lug
uggu za@oL Lug _c__ge _ou egcc
_zs goas_ggq _eo q OsaeLaas gs_sgg.
+. ezuog LeLazu CLaeg gosasc ggLLLge _ou
Co_asc, zaeasc LuggmssLLL ggaL
LeLaL ocosq OLmgu gee mg_g.
. Laeasao Csauoe geseosc tee, gLeu,
gLu, gmaui aaqu egu gLLas_ gs_ogLe
_eo ggaL LeLaL ocosqo gg_
OLassquas_ gs_sgg.
1. . g mss
_. 1_ m1omm ms:mm
. mgsaoL Laeasce _Lssaou aag
z. Laeaosc ceCLa aao
. gg eua uLasc aaeo
+. mLLa_geo_s OsacessecL LzLmao aa
. zoeOLoCsaoa qg_g g qgL oezs.
o. _uLao ceLo aa
. Laea sao eessmsc aaeo
a. _u_s aLc - g qgL c_gs.
s. ezuog LeLazu - qgL c_g.
o. _u_g ceLo aa
224 225
. a_gssac ceLg aag
z. mgsaoL Laeame eessmsc aaeo
@. n m1o_ mo+mm ms:mm
. mgsaoL LaeasecL Lgg _ga n_qu eaegsc
aaeo
z. mgsaoL Laea ueesce _ssauae _zesc
aao
. mgsaoL Laea sao_gc eue ue_u __ u__u
cooag OeacLLLe
+. mgsaoL Laeasao gLsseosq o
c_gssaLsc _gg mcsq.
. mgsaoL Laeasao ooageg qg_g mcsqs.
o. mgsaoL Laea gg_gegeaL Lgg mcsqs
. mgsaoL Laeame ossa oco Lgg mcsq.
a. mgsaoL Laeame mzaL goasu cooag
OeacLLLg
s. mgsaoL Laeame gg _eg aag
@. q_ no _mmm ms:mm
. mgsaoL Laeame _zac geoea mcsqs.
z. mgsaoL Laeame e_sgeoea mcsqs.
. mgsaoL Laeasce e_sgeo qg_g
uasCsaCLaCoa uggu oasL _sCaame qgLsec
mom.
+. mgsaoL Laeame eua oco qg_g mom.
226
. mgsaoL Laeame seo oco qg_g mom.
o. mgsaoL Laeame ee, gLe, gaLssseo Lgg
mcsqs.
. mgsaoL Laeame ossa ocoeas qg_g
mcsqs.
a. mgsaoL Laeame scm geo qg_g mcss c_gs.
s. ggaL LeLaLgq mgsao Laeame OsaeLsc
aaeo
o. mgsaoL Laeame sLLLsseo Lgg mcsqs.
o. +s no _mmm ms:mm
. mgsaoL Laeasce LeLa Lgg q sLez
oezs.
z. mgsaoL Laeasce seo, scm uggu ossau
qg_g q sLez oes.
8. @gg msqgg
@sJ ggJ ggg
eJsm Jg
8. 1. @sJ sJ
soau ceLg g _zo Oeac. __e OLac Lc_c,
ezeeL_c, _LL_c ceg _osagsec nccLssag.
soau ceg Oeacoe CgLOLac _eug ceL_aqu.
qoe nLeou ncc_e_u _coamLu Lcoas
qLLeLsqu CLag _eugeaL OLgsgae ceL OLac
Lu. _coame mg _egs_sCsgLL Lcgg
OeacLLosc soauasc ceL.
Cugsa@u LesecL OLggLLoe cg_ e_e_u,
e_s_e_u, gaLeLu qouzeLu Ceg_oeas
Lm_u _oe q _uou ce _c - _oa - Ouc
agsga.
8. I. I. nom +mom
soau eua_ge )ss_maas _uouscac
gggsOsaccLLLLo. _sug gmaaoa. o Oussamc
_Lgcoa _uea ceg _uLgasq useaL mgg_a.
s)ga ceg Oeco uaLea uegg mgq cog_gogg
mos Oussa gsz_ggq _LLac g_ _za ceg
qesuc _ou g_CLag egg_zasa sammc (Gabriel)
C_aeg _coame e_ oa_e_scasa neeusec
_omLu agea. __e O_aqLCL uoaua_ge e_
goae gsqzae _qu.
227
8. I. z. omm 6o+rn+om
_coa qoCz sLqc. _sug gmCa _oeLa
)ss_m. g_oesaae nLoeeqs_Le q gaecsq
ggg_eg O_a_es Oeog, zugae ua__gc Cgae
LLgu oL oaasauc LLg, oa_sesuc q
_egaaog gc - _gea ce_u e_ ua__gc
Oussamgq sLLaauaso Oeeg ozCoeu ceLg
soaua_ge ggg gesOces s_LLsgg.
eg g_zae sammc _coame oa_e_aas _sug
gmuLu agae_ ggqu eee mmqu, _coame e_
oa_e_sec ggg, _e_L meLgg eg_ _eeuea
_eLg_ )ss_m coCza _oez u___eoo __aog
uau ce gggsOsae og gLsqu qaa mmqu
uoaua eua_gc ggLLL mmqsc _qu.
q sLqLCsaLLaLeL ggqu soau no ogLaLeL
gggs Osaccmceo.
agesue ggasc oa_sesue _eo
_gmLL_asqu, meeL LaeeL OLag_g qoOoa
ue__u Oeassu gzsu ceLe_ _eLoae ceLgu
soauasce gumsesaaqu.
soauasc _u u_sCsaLLas_sCsgL LcCog
m_assecs OsaeLa osege. _oggc Ls#_,
Oua_zu, uoa-gm, zugae CLaeg m_assc
_ssauaeeo _qu. om_assce _ou gL, _e,
_eug uggu eCsa_z_gou _saogeg oog_gsege.
8. I. 1. @][m non+rq[ @mm+mm omm[s
0o+s:
. eLL_ge _e _eeou euu.
z. Cugu, Leaa_g _eg, Lsaea _cog msa _eg
tszauasce qaseeLi, uaoLLu _cog essaa,
uagou _cog eLa, ceg _euLsc soa_ge _ou
gga _zac LeLaLgq _LLeLaas
_euggccg.
. gga LeLaLe qggeusq _cLqe ceg _uou
_g gm ass_e_ q OsaeLaas o_as
gg-_uou qggeuea geogaLea.
+. eag qgL, eu_gou, eCsa_z_gou, )aL_ssasec
qg__c, _L gumsess_sq _qsL_c CLaeg
Osacessecs OsaeL gm assuaeg gug ggaL
LeLaLgq o_asLLLL q ozLmzea_uaqu.
. __gou, CeagLu, u_gou CLaeg euus_
gcsecL Lazs Ouaguc Ouagaassu Oeg gug
ggaL LeLaLe gL _ueasc nosgq ne_ga
OLeu soauasecCa eau.
o. Ouasoaasce seoaueascc qegae _o_gz
e_ac CoeoLLasc, _ CoeoLLasc _eug_ uc
ueLLasc, nCoasu uggu _as CoeoL Lasc
CLaeg sme uq seosc gu ggaL LeLaLgq
CueCugu OLeu CeLLeoas _euggcce.
. euaoeaLgg OLag _LLeLuc _eug_ mecaaL
Lzasasc, gsz ge_oaucsc, _gC_aLLasc,
_zeuees CsaLeLsc, uggsc uggu sLLLs
seouc saeLLu oeessgsc, gsc,
eoeossgsc CLaegeaaqu ggaL LeLaLe
gLs agscas_ gs_sege. nos _geaascc
qegae _agusac sLLLsseosq uoa_ge
_cLLu OsaeL ceoau.
a. ggaL LeLaLe gLs agscas mcaqu
ceqgaL_eg, oaegc, u_gou, sc_u,
228 229
qgssessac (Algebra) CLaeg gcsc _zama _ou
gCzaLLa __gu Lzm ggaame OLeuea
CuCoaaso Oe_g.
s. soaua eua__ass_ge mecoas gga __gu
Lsg assu C_aeg __e _ou oLLazOuagscc
ossau oco OLggg.
8. z. gggJ
nosu __ogu OLuLaeeuaae gascc
Lzmusqu euau sg_gou _qu. ggaamc gg
eua_ggq __g OLuLaeeuaae usscac
meLggLLu euau sg_gou ceg agLLsgg.
__eLa ggOeacsce _ou gga euaascc
saeLLLL _LLL_ssasecu, C_eoagg eLaqsecu
gss q __euaae eua oa_sesea ggL_gs Osacc
sazeua g_g. sg_gou ceLg ozoagge _ou
_gu neeuaaqu. sg_gou ceLg sgug __aog
gs sgug ceg agOLamogg OLgLLLL Oeacoaqu.
gs sgugme nag_ CsaLLaL _ueasecs qg_g
agog sg_gou ceoau.
8. z. I. o[m
sg_go eua_e__ C_aggm__o gs sgug _oa.
oez g=u cegu g_ eua__o _e_LL. o
uzCc gaLogcc OL_oC_u ce_uL_gc
seeCumue q_ge_aas_ C_aegea. oeLa _ge_
CgaeL _oa.
8. z. z. omm6o+rn+om
ue_ nusc egoe ug _a_ouasqu, ga
cee_gL_u _e Oeg__ Coeu cequ,
LzCoas_gosqu Lzum_a _cog Oeassu
ceLe_ _eLa _e, gg, sLeu CLaegogegs
seLm_g q_s Coeu ceLgu sg_go eua_ge
Osaces ces agLLsgg. ceCo, _e, sLqc, gg,
gumses CLaegeo _ssa CsaLLascass OsaccL
Lsgg. Cugu, nos_gc CLeLLu oa_e_sc aaqu
egoeeCa eag_g ceLgu sg_go_ge CsaLLaLaqu.
sg_go CsaLLasc _Lasa gc eLmc _cog
mmoau tga ggLai ceL_aqu.
sg_go eua_ge _asoL __ae, e_ Oocc,
=uL=eCL sgug Ogagg, gg =au =o CLaeg _ssa
m_assecs OsaeLa us_sege.
m_assce _ou _e, gL, eCsa_z_gou, eu_gou
_sa ggLesec oog_gsege.
8. z. 1. [m omm 0q+o [_ms+oms noom
. eCogLasecu eagsOsaeusecu seca
sg_go euas q_ssc OLgO_aeLagg osege.
z. soL_ gueasc _ou qegLLL e__aa_e_
noasqogc sg_go euau OLuLaq
_ggosegg.
. _eae_ mgsc, _gCaa saLLsasc ggm, Ooccu,
_suLu uggu Leu CLaeg agesue
ggascogg mmLL_gsae goazeL Lcsec
OeooCe Oeg osege.
+. sg_go euasq_ssc gaOLaqu gg_ u_gouee
sec ggm, e__aa gooa_qL Lcseco Oeg
osege.
. e__aa_gc saeLLu qegLLasecs seca,
sg_go euau geLmzszasc uggugcsc _ou
OLg O_aeLagg osegg.
230 231
o. sg_go euas q_ssc LLO_aLscgu scms
aLasc ggm ooe neq, negc, scm
CLaegogeg o_as q_ssu, sLLLa CLaeg nama
Oggsecu, gg CLa_eesecu sL osege.
. sg_go euas q_ssc _g_g_ oLLaz Ouagsec
geq sgg eua_e_L LzLmagLe, LcCog gcsecu
_aso_gc Ouag OLa_g, _ee_g gga
Ouagsce ocosqu ossa ocosqu
OLgO_aeLagg oggcce. qgLLas mzua _eo,
sacOoc, g..CLaL CLaeg OLmCaasc _u_
Ouagsq _ggcc O_ae _cmL _aag ceoau.
a. _eeoas_ag, nos e__aa go_ssas uaOLu
Lcsecs sg__o euaL LzLs q_ssc _gg
osege.
ooag sg_go O_ae ggoeasc aaqu scm
ocosqu e_s go oa_qsq Lo _ma Lcseco Oeg
osege.
8. z. 4. @][m non+rq[ [m omm[s 0o+s:
. sg_go eua_ _ass_ge mecoas gg eua_geme
_LL L_ssasc uggu C_eoaggo eLaqsec gss
_gLLLe.
z. eag eua CogLaLgg, nos eCsa_z_gou, eu_gou,
_e, gL, gg, _eug CLaeg __gos CsaLLasc
gga LeLaLgq usqu gee mg_e.
. sg_go O_ae ggoeasce eua, scm, e__aa
gooa_qL Lcsc ggaL LeLaL ocosq Cugu
gL Oe_e.
+. sg__o euasq_ssc gga oesue CLag
_u_Le _osOLag aggzu Osae og_euaac
ggasq _g q ozLmzea_uas _eug_g.
232 233
. oLLaz Ouagscc ossau uggu eua gcsec_
C_aggm___ac _ee_g gga Ouagsce
ocosqu ggaL LeLaLe Cueeusqu
sg_gou n_m mg_g.
o. sg_go eua__ass_ge mecoas gg eua_gc Lo
g__ assasOce _ma euagu, mzuu euagu,
mzuu ae eeL uggu zau sqe assu CLaeg
assasc C_aege.
. mzua _eo C_uLaoceau, g.. CLaL _osc
goaesu, gsqgc, gaoaa, gga@g, gLOLac
OoeLa, CLaegogegu _aso Ouaguc Ouag
OLaL Oe_a.
g mss
_. 1_ m1omm ms:mm
. uoau - oezag.
z. uoau ceL_e OLac aag
. uoaua ceCLa aa
+. uoau Lgg _c-_oa Ouc agoe aag
. uoauame e_ gc aag
o. uoau eua_ge mmqsc aaeo
. gm ass_e__ C_aggm__o aa
a. uoaua OsaeLau m_assc aaeo
s. sg_gou ceg Oeacoe OLaecs ag.
o. sg_go eua_ge Co_ gc aag
234
. mzua _eo c_ga goe OLa cee
z. g.. CLaL _aso Ouagaassu Oe_ _u_ ossa
gcsc aaeo
. sg_gosc OsaeLau m_assc aaeo
@. nm1omm ms:mm
. uoaua euas CsaLLasc aaeo
z. sLqc qg_g uoauame gumses aag
. sg_go eua_ge CsaLLasc aaeo
@. q_ no _mmm ms:mm
. ggaL LeLaL ocosq sg_go O_ae
ggoeascc Lcsc aaeo
z. uoau uggu sg_go euas CsaLLasec mcsqs.
o. +s no _mmm ms:mm
. ggaL LeLaLgq sg_go eua_ge OsaeL Lgg
q sLez oezs.
z. ggaL LeLaLc uoau uggu sg_go eua_ge
OsaeL Lgg q sLez oezs.
s. g @sJ
( @ssJ ;
gg euau ue_e ggsg _eLa LcCog
Ogg_egsec noass_ _ggccg. gOgg_egsc
ue_ee nccu, g_ee, Oeacgge _saogggq ggL
_euggcce. _ozo uegeosq cg ccag, eag
ceg C_aegsgC_a __eeL meLgg ggsg _eLaoau.
__esa Lo Oggs_c uso gLLass s_LLoe .
Lsg Ogg z. suOgg . aeOgg. gOggs_c usqu
cceuaaegu caqu, cg_o g_ogu, ccCoazagu
geL_egsq ccaguaeg LsgOggaaqu. Lsg Ogg
Lggu, _gOgguee LzLmaosc Lggu mmoass
saeCLau.
s. 1. g Ggg sJ
egoeL_gc gau Oeg_gu __g_ _eCL Lsg
ceoau. Lsg ce_u Oeac Lg ceg Oeacoeeg og__ass
s_LLsgg. _e OLac ogLa. ceCo Lsg ceLg
nccag_ _eCLa egoee ogLog ceL_aqu. ue_
e_ge OLu Lqgsq ggeLa_as LLg g_ _e
Oggaaqu. _eeou _eugLe oa_ qo ug
qou, q ga ugg gaLe ug _e Oeg__ Coeu
ceLgu gau _gg_ neeuaaqu. gg euau _eCL
ou, ._eCL sLqc cesgg,
Lsg Oggaaog __g_ _eCLa egoee ogLu
uassu ceL OLacLu. egoeg ocoeuea negg,
mum, _eLe Oeg_gu _emeeCa Lsg ceo
eaeCga agsege.
235
n[ms msoom
Lsg oesLLu. _eo _LzLsg, LzLsg ceLe
oaqu. _LzLsg: ggeouc Ls_e gco O_cmcoauc
eLaqsec Oegu, Lzg_ ueLLaeeu coauc qgsa
oLL_gc geg q qgLmLL O_o_e_Ca ogLL
Coeu ceg s_geLaoea OeacLoae. mg
O_oasec ogLu Ls_sec Oogssgae. _oscg
ogLaL_egsec, O_o_e_ ggLgceo.
LzLsg : ggeouc Ls_e _ee_g O_oasecu
ogLogLe, Lsgue nag_ gg geouc Oeac
Lsgae nosu __ma nag_ _e OggCa LzLsgaaqu.
om Oggs_u O_aegO_aL og_eoaaqu.
9. I. I. n[ 0[ 6q+s o+;o+om
. L_euaae ggu_u _e geueau e__
_eeueau _ss_ O_aLasag.
z. _LLL_ss o_ssasc, eagLLaqLasc, _ogae
L_sso_ssasc u__ge e__ _eeuea zg__e.
. na quezas s_LLLLosc, mg mmmeezs
OsaeuLL_ge. gqLLLoscas sgo
OeacLLLe.
+. ga_a_ C_aega eue, OLc__ euaasc gg
eua_gc saeLLLL )eusecs se__e. cc_as
gggs Osaccs aa Oggsec c_gs agL meLggo
Oe_e.
. euas CsaLLasc Lauz ussc mggOsac_u L
_euamceo.
o. ggaamc ga_a og_ eua_ge eo)s euauae
gg eua__osecu sou oeeu OeacLLLe.
. mg eua__osc OocLLeLaas _gm_g OeacLLL
q sLqc CsaLLa nosc mggC_a _eeou
nLemggC_aCz ceg Osacessc ussecs
sogg___e.
a. mg euaascc saeLLLL eu_gos CsaLLasc gg
eua_gc gsscssLLLLosecu sogg___e.
Cugaga sazeasce _LLeLuc eua_e_
geeeo _eLao Oea Coeu ceg nama Cgassc
C_aega assCu Lsg assuaqu. LLsg assu gg
eua_e__ g_g, ea euaL_asaoass O_ms ueu
su_u oeeu Oe_g. ssao_gc oLgaLgu
O_eeaLgu Lsg OggeaL LzLL, euao eaeCgasc
Lo C_aeg g_ _ma Lceao gLLe Oe_e. eeo,
eoeo uggu _z euaL mmqseco eag_os_u
gaOLaqu, oLLaz Ouagscc Lsg Oggea, LLLgogg
Lauz uss_u meLggu oeeu ___u Oeagscagu,
Oeacscagu LzLme.
9. I. z. n[ @mo[s 1m noqom
. O_oasec LcCog ooascc oeaseagu _eo
_ee_gu qCz egoee LcCog C_aggasc
ceLe_ negg, qoCe C_oe, _oeeCa
oeasCoeu ceg CLeeuea oog_gag.
z. _egaae Lsg Ogguc Oeegac ggsgaasa
mCLgeg _eLaoau.
. gco qme geeLe _ae gau egoee _eLgg
CLmeL geo _eLa _u ceg neeu
ne__LLLLg.
+. uss_c nagC_a, _a_gC_a ce_u geo aLag.
ccCoau euu ccCoau nLemggC_aCz ceLe_
nez Coeu.
236 237
. LaqLa seca_gLLLg.
o. _LL_sso_ssasc gssLLLLe.
. ueggcscc OLaggg sLg_ _ma CLeeusc
cca oLLaz Ouagscc Ouagaassu OeaLLLLe.
eua neeusc cca ggs se_scasL Lauzu
neu oeeu ooeu_g_ _zLLLLe.
a. mg eua__oLe qggeu neeo ocsso euao
eaeCga OLmgu _aege.
s. Lsg OggeaL LzLL og_oscLu eag, u_ CogLasc
ceo. _osc ge_ Lessaz, nagC_a, _a_gC_a
ceg LaqLasc s_auc _eeoL_u _eLe
L_s, ne ngas, ngoae. _oscg eL
geLascc LaCsgg geLasecs secgg ma
c_gssaLLa oa_g_e.
o. Lsg Oggaacsc egoeLu _eee __euaas
qLLeL_g _oee ezeeLa Coeu ceg ezeasg
__go_e_ nosgq _c__e.
. ae, su Oggsecs saLgu Lsg OggCa ccag,
gggg, gg_g ceL CLaggu oeeu Oe_e.
z. egoee ggau_e_ eLmLag gg_c, gg__c
Coeu cege.
CugOeaeeogeg oog_go_gsas Lsg ggoeasc
ggoLLLLe. eo LeLaLL Lug geoaascasqu,
_g neq, _eus neq euaascasqu OeacLLLe.
__esa Oeagsma Ceeo ueLLaeeu OsaeL euao
eaeCgascac geL_egLL__LLLL LLsg assu. gg
u_u _ae _g_ OLeuea uL, ueu OLaoqLe
gs_L CL_m Oe_g.
9. I. 1. n[ @mo[s msmqom
ga __ogu Lzma Lsg ass__ac LcCog
mecqsc ggLLLe. _eoaaoe:
. eua_ geguc qgLLas gg eua_e_o g__
omassu OLggeemg_g. meae eLaqsc
mose. _Lgumsessc _seg euau _e e__
_eeuea OLggg.
z. gg eua_u q sLqc CsaLLaLeLu, nosc
_eeou nLemggC_aCz ceg Osaceseau
oog_gag. g e_s gcoess_ggq m_gLLg.
. Lsg assu Leamc ssa euau C_aegs sazeua
g_g.
+. e__aa_gc g_ eag Coggeusc oeeuaas
sessLLLLe. ceCo, LLaqLasc gas
omassu OLggee mg_g.
. _ssas CsaLLascc _z euaas_Le qu__
s_g goma_ac u_ gcoessu ggLLLg. qggeu
neq ogLOLggg.
o. ggugu _z oLLaz Ouagscgu ossaasc
C_aeg _eus neeo oc__e.
. Lsg ass_ge geeaac gcoea _eL sc_aesc
gg, _uou omeLCa ess_e_u,
aLgeou ocss _aege.
a. Lsg Ogg uoaua CLzzezae _sLez ggssecu
_uousecu _ug CLzze _ euuas gL__
ogoq__g.
s. ussceLCa _e, _eug, eCsa_z_gou, zssu,
see __oa oa_mac Oggsc OegssL
OLggee mg_e.
238 239
o. _eus oa_qu, _goa_qu CueCugu OLs ue_
oa_q CuuLa _eLa OLg O_aeLaggag.
s. z. @ss g @sJ
gga ozoaggc s.m. ooo squ s.m. o squ
eLLLLL sao_gc Lsg Ogg _eg ma Lcea
gegCoggae_ _gsCgau. O_eeggaamc zaua_g,
u_go, OuseLa uggu Leo _sCaa C_aeg eg
gumsesea ogLL_gu __go OggsecL LzLme.
oL ggaamgu ssao_gc ceegg euao
eaeCgasc C_aeg _uLc _gge. Lo euaaseco
eagC_au, Lo mmqscogg ogC_au LLcea
CugOsaeLe. _oscg _u Lcsc oogeg
LLqguc saeCLau.
9. z. I. @;+m_g1
_u_gaLc OeascLL uaoLL_gc gLOLugmc
C_aegao. cog oa_mc =LL gg sao_gc ggq
_eLa. eoeo euaL Lcsq_ _ueu _LLc__a.
ozg CsaLLa mLLa_eo_uaqu. CLmeL_e_ _eLa
LsgCa gg_ Ogg ceLg ozg s_g. ezeasg Oggea
oog_g eagCogLaeg _eeozu _sg _eLa_ _qg
neLao cega.
9. z. z. mm1
O_e seeL_gc nLmsq _Cs g szau_gc
C_aege. ozg agOLa oasC_oe. cu oagCoCa
ggq _eLa. _os_L mzsaemLu )Lee OLgg _ze mzs,
_eg_ )__ cequ CLaggLLLLa. ozg __gou
geo_u ceL_aqu. ggq, Lsg, gaae_ge _ou egoee
Cgmc negg mCLg _eLaoau ceLg ozg CsaLLa.
9. z. 1. @;+m+]q1
ozg _agaac eoeou oLsCs Lzmag. zau
- e_ ogLaLeL LzLmea. eagL LaqLaLee _gCo
Oog__a. egoe _e _eeou euu ces agea.
euas s_gsec __e __oc gg Ouaguc LzLmaou
oCz _oa.
9. z. 4. [mn1o1
o O_eeggaamc Csa_aom ggssezuc g
szau_gc mgg_a. oL ggaamc ugzamgsCscc mzga
ceg L_gc oa_g_a. ozg Lsg Oggeao CegC_a
za_a - sqe ogLaLc gumses Osaeg_e.
ou ezeasg Oggea oog_gea. ozg Osaces
CL_a CL_u cege_ssLLsgg.
9. z. s. on1
sassCs osCLCoa ceg gmuc _auez uomog_
q_ge_ea _uou Ogeoaczac ocssLLLLo.
zauaeg_zac Lzas gggs OsaccLLLLo gg-_uou
eua qggeusqL OLmgu LaLLLa. sLqcLu _e
Oeg_goC_ ggsg _eLa og cega. neeuCa
acLaeg. _g ccCoa _a_ggu negsegg.
_oqeeu _emeac OocLLsgg ceg s_e_
neLao Lsgea oog__a_ euau euaueg cega.
9. z. o. +m6qm1
u_azaqz uago_gc LeLmzu ce_uL_e_o
eag_o. eagea, no ogLaLeL, OLacgg eLaqsec
oeeuaaso eaea. neeuaae Lsgu, sLqc
ogLaCu ozg _ssa Osacesaaqu.
9. z. . _+s
ssa u__e__ C_aggm__ o LeaL uago_gc
oaa uaoLL_gc Lacogg ceg szau_gc mgg_a.
240 241
cog oa_mc g_agu sa Oeeg seuaae
gaae_e_ CugOsaeLa. ozg ea uggu ncc_e_
nsqu LaLcsc _gszg__gc Lu OLggcce. qeCg
sLqc ceg s_e_s ag gg-_uou qggeuea
noass _aega. ssa euau ozac noassLLLLg.
q_ssu, Lcq, Cgeu, _uu, neeu, see
CLaegeo o CLa_eescc _ssa Lu OLgge.
egoee OLaez cLCLagu noem__c, nLoagu
ncc__agu qmgqs _LLgg gL__c ssasce
_ssa sLeuaaqu. egoee ggauasec ea
LaLcscac eeLe La _a_e__ geu Oeg
Osacc Coeu ceLg ozg Osaces.
9. z. 8. mmmn+o+1m+1
o sauc mgg_a. O_eeggaamgq qOLagg
OLgCgaLe oa_g_a. _u cu oagCoCa sgg_ C_g_a.
eca_ _oas_sq Oeega. coa_mc =LL
_cosecL OLgga. oLOuagugu, mmg Ouagugu
gcsec c_gea. ozg CsaLLa s__ __eo_s
CsaLLa _qu. _ee ga q OLac CsaLLa ceL.
sqeCe nag_ mzuuu, __uamgqu Lzua_uamgqu
CogLaceo. Lsgue _ou _sg _eLgg Lzua_uaqLe
__ua sogg Osaccoau ceLg ozg CsaLLa.
9. z. 9. w;+n+m
_ze quL_e_o eag_ o eoeo eua uzmc
ocssLLLLa. sqemLu uqg_ =La q_ge_L
Lou __Co ggLLLg. _u s_gsec oLLaz Ouagaae
mmg Ouaguc LzLmea. mgL-gL ce_u
s_gueeg mLL CLmeL geoea _eLa
sqeLsg _oau cega. ozg LsgLLaLcsc
eeuaaeeo. Lsg Oggeao seoaae LaLcsc
oauoasL LzLme. cca Lsgu, gumsesCu m
CLggee _eLa gcog cega. mgLLac cou nag_o
ceo. namgq sazeu Oeac ce_u s_e_L
LzLmea.
9. z. I0. soqsm1
oasac uago_gc Lsg OggeaL LzLma o
_ee_ea usa mz ceg _e_ssLLLLa. coa_mc
=LLL o _u zu oagc coa_eo_ gggg egoe
gLLcsq _ueu =L_gs OsaeLa.
sqee _cog _m ce _e_ssLLu
Cqa__ue Cuc __g_ gumsesu _eu Osacc
Coeu ceLg ozg s_g. eLaqscogg mLL,
_LLa neqL m_uLa egoee _c Oocc_gc
gecss Coeu. seeee ogLL, qeoL Lcgg
Lcmgg og_ac uaeauc gg mLL egoe
gosec _eLaoau cega.
9. z. II. o+;+m
o u_azaqz ae. coa_eo_ gggg
Ls_easqu, g__oagaasqu OeacLLLa. uzaLa
usscLu gaLL Lgeg ocss, oag sao_gc oa_g_
ozg CLa_eesc n_me. sLqc caqu gssug
gegggLLo, ozumcoa _ggc neLao ceLg ozg
s_g. CLzze oag o Lscc qo. ee_eaezL
CLaeg LsgL LaLcsec aggcca.
9. z. Iz. mq+o1
o gg_ Lsguae, LeLLL sm _oa. cog
oa_mogg ggog oa_eo CugOsaeLa. zauaae_e_
gg Ouaguc zau em_uaeu ceg OLamc LeL__a.
242 243
zau em_ uaeu OLma ossaL LeLL uLueg,
nag_ O_ms Lsgs sama_u _qu. zauee
egoee _o_azu ces sgea. _oez ue_e
Lsgaac _@soau cega. gg_ eoeo Ls_zasqu
_eaazasqu CLaggLLsga.
9. z. I1. nom1
mz eeou ceLLu oasaa_u ce_u nama
Oggea ggmao Leo _oa. sgaL uago_gc
C_aegao. ea_ssa ueemLu _euoezasL
Lcaaggao. gOgg oee uLCu sLqOces
sgag. oogLaLe _ou m CLgeg _eLaoau
ceLg ozg __g_ gumses. eagLLaqLa, eLaq, no
ogLa ogeg secogc OLmgu =LLLa. _ueuL
meLggLosc oac neLe_u, sc qLLe_u esmL
Coeu ceg seuaae gLg_ee mg__a. e_s g__
oagaas m_eo ugue_e_ __m_gu, q_ge_
gue_e_ cg_gu OeacLLLa. oezL meLggCoa
oasaa_gsc cege_ssLLLLe.
9. z. I4. o+q1
o u_azaqz_e_o Ceg_o. eL__ae ce_u
mmc mgg_a. g oagCoCa ozg ncc_gc Lsg, sec
mL cmg_g. coa_mc =LLL o )eL__saC_amLu
cceoagg _eeLaozaea. seeee _ee_ggu
seLa. seeee )mz Ls_, OLma Laso_ q, gg_
cog Oggaac, OLma ae. egu uss_sq nama
c_gssaLLas_ gs_sega.
9. z. Is. _1q+o1
oezL Lgg agauc g_ac Lsg assu gegq
OLgag. o nag_ ae, gco euaLzLg, gg_
g__oagaaoa. gguc uso gg_ gcsec
c_gcca. ggcsc _ee_gu _ae muu
O_o_ge Lac Oeg__ Coea _eeLu Lsgeau
mcsqsega. o c_ga geas ceg gc _e, Lsg
ogge Cueeueau seeees q_ge_aa sg
__msqu _g_ geoeau mcsqsgg. o oa_q
q mecaaL, mz )zo Oeac, _eac CLazaLLueg,
guaggu uss se_u _eg cesga. ozg sme_sc
ue_ e_ge Lac ma__q meceo ggL_gagLe
Lsg Oggue ogsaLaasqu gs_g_e.
s. S. @gsJs
gg euau qgLmu _goes euaas_c eeou,
eoeou zeu egu usqu gLLe CLaggLLL
osege. ue_ nLgsq_ _eo gLLae ngL. _gc
sesc nama L_e_L OLgsege. _g CLao gg
eua_ge om mmqs_u sesOce CLagg__sseo
ceoau. om euaas_u oa_mgq egaeuaa_
Oggsec, mmoas meLgg Coea _egsec agsege.
om euao eaeCgasc oa_gg saLa oa_ses, _co
Oe_ _g_o Oeacsc, uggu ossaasc OLmgu
CLagg__sseo. eeo eua_e_o eag_ gaaeuas_u
eoeo eua_e_o eag_ __oas_u CLagg__ssosc.
LLaL_gc __oasc uggu gaaeuasce ozoag, _o
_u CsaLLasc, ossao gLsec mmoass saeCLau.
9. 1. I. @gm+1om mmom
egoee _c Oocc_gc __gg sLLLo,
egoee _emgu, eL_ggu __s LLo __oa
ceLLLLe. gzamL Co_ Oue CLaggLLLL goaL
mzLg__e_ _ca_ac gzamLaeamasc cege_ssL
LLLe. os_sq uagog uggou _cL OLggosc,
g_u_oosc, _gLs_sc ceg OLas_u ne.
244 245
osc cecsesuc Leeo _o. eoeo
OggeaL CLaggL LzLmao _oa.
v. J. 1. 1. _ooaaoam
__oasc _o_m__ sao _LLeLuc
. _gsao__osc
z. eLssao__osc
. mgsao__osc ceLmmssoau.
v. J. 1. 2. _aoa__oa
OLaes __oa, ____a_oa, CLaa_oa, gugee,
__oa _cog gugeeLmzae ceLosc _gLLLosc.
v. J. 1. J. _.zaaoa__oa
guua_oa, ugzsmaa_oa, qoCesza_oa, LLLmzae
ceg OLmaa_oa, Csae_ gaoaa ceg _eLac
ceLosc eLssao__o.
v. J. 1. 4. oaoa__oa
O_aeLzL OLmaa_oa, gLLaea_oa, soae ceg
guaesaa_oa ceLosc mgsao__o _oa.
9. 1. z. @gm+1om n[[m [nq, n+:mom
v. J. 2. 1. Jzou.a _oo
o guaoe esugcc Lae eea_ge _ueuas
_qosu OLaoqg saz_gc gOo.sa ce_u L_gc
C_aegea. o _co Oe_eo - __c gog_ag,
Laszasc.
agesCa egoe, _Cc egoe, _eCL
egoe, _gCo egoe ceg nama s_gsec o
LaLcscc saeoau. __oa_oasc sao_gc eeo eoeo
_uge eeu, OLeu, gL, agess saL
_ee_e_u o LaLcscc saeoau.
ozg LaLoc qeg
gaCoe mgOLaec, geCee _aCza,
naCoe nag_oCza _coac, - maCoe
guaeo _cog O_ou ceg g_C_e,
ouag ce guCuc mee
LLaLc mg OLaec muL uaLCLe, _ae
_eeu neLaos_Le gL Osacc uaLCLe.
nag_oCza Cegg oa_CoCe _coauc uggsCca
Cez uaLCLe. guaeo_ _mz Cog O_o_e_u O_ou
ceg s_ uaLCLe, oeasuaLCLe. __oac gueu gaL
mgL gL_ geL_e__ _u mee e oz_aag.
__esa nag_ euas s_gsce s_oascas
qoOoa LaLcs_u gs_sege.
v. J. 2. 2. ____ooo
o usaLoz_gc qss_g uomc C_aegea.
cuOLuaeLu Lsg gegg_oza zeLau gog_ag
c_u Laszasec _co Oe_a. sauc Csauc
Osaecc OLuaeeL s_gg Lacca.
_u_ Ouagea ae_ _u_ cegu, _eee _u_e
ceg Oeacos Osacoggu gg _u_Ouag ug o
Osaeg_ Lggeeu mLL_e_u OocLL_gsgg.
o eua euze Cgassu neLao. _e, g_ee oggac
ae_e_L OLgg geoeaL meou LaLoac,
_eCL _sgaa, _oCu Ogaas,
eq ge_ gmaa, - ges
aeo sLmcsq gggCee gazegq,
ae_ _u_ mg_ gae
ce mcsqsga.
246 247
_geo OLsqu _ue_ muma gae _eeLCa
_soas - ceOe, gm __oaogeg_ _aaqu smaas
_eu_g _goasa sLmcses gggCee. _eeea
Ogaasss OsaeCLe. cuOLuaee cec eL__ac
nqseg ncc_e_Ca ceOeuc LL gmaass
OsaeCLe. gegas ueu ns ae qcaasa mcses_
guagssas gggCee ceLg LLaLoe s__aqu.
v. J. 2. J. czuooo
o Oeeeeugcc euoaL_mc C_aegao. o
_co Oe_eo _egau gog_ag Laszasc.
cg_ O_o_e_ oeaseagu, sLqcLu gumses
Coeu. g_ nggaae gumses OsaeLosCc
neeuaae Ls_scao. oqeeuea agu CLaa_oa
_co Oe_ OoeLa qegeeu s_e_u saeCLau.
_g geg, g )g ceg gaLLLaC_,
ug geg _eg_a uaLe - OLag geg
OLae _u s_Co O_a_uel __ meesc
_eeu s_gu _gg
cesga CLaa_oa. _g gcog. g OsLLg ceg
egC_su CoeLau. uesq_LLu CoeLau. C_e ggseg,
qcg_ __sa gc uaeoea _cg_ uaeLa guac
ccCoasqu OLagoaeoe. _o_eLa __sa
gosec oeas Coeu. _oee gee__aCo CLagu,
oeaqo_gs _eCL nasc meesc ccoau gLCLa
mu. ueu _eo nasec _@sag ceLg ngg
cesga.
ou OLaesaa_oa, ____a_oa CLaeg euze
CgasqeLao. Lq__goasa qcmcsesL LaeL_g cg_
O_o_e_ ogLLLagu geeu _eLaoau ceLg ozg
CsaLLa _qu.
v. J. 2. 4. __m.nuooo
o gugee ceg _o_gc _o_m__euaac
gugee __oa ceg OLa OLgga. o eszaueua
_o_m__a. ooassa ce_u OLaLe eeo eua_gc
g_a cegu CLaa_oamLu nLC_eu OLgg
eoeo_e_o eag_o cegu ago. o _co
Oe_eu . gae_se gog_ag, z. goeg_ m__u.
egoe qoCe ceg neeu o LaLcscc
OLaggg sLLLe_s saeoau. o, ccoau guac uau
ce ce@sga. egoeLugC_ ccoau mgssege.
_oeLCu ccoau _Laqsege ceLe_ gg_
c_gssaLLe mcsqsga.
sLc cooag _eosec neLass g c_o Oeg
me _e_cCc _LasmLo OesgC_a, _g CLac
egoeLugg mgg_ _aozas_u, ugg numeas_u
ueu egoeLCu OeegeLsege. __q ma
acsc egoeLu ncce.
ss_e_
_e_cCc gez_O__u _zasOoe _LuCLac
_e_cCc gez_O__gg _Laqseg _eeuCLac
ge_cCc mggg ggg ggLou gmLqu
ge_cCc _Laqseg geu gese gegC_
ceg LaLoac mcsqsga.
v. J. 2. 3. qmmooo
gOgcCoo uaoLL_gc ncc __oa ggsmc
C_aegao. osq uage, eLCsaLe, Lzaaqee,
oqc_qee ceg gL OLasc g_e. o Oua__u
zso Laszasec aggcca. LLaszasec gaesaog
_uzu ceL. o gm__u, goamau, OLma
248 249
gog_ag, goaOuag CLaeg Laszasec aggcca.
ossg_ L_goCa oa eoeo__oascc ncc
OLuac saLac__a ceL.
ozg Laszasc gaeq Co_asce eaz_e_
mzgLo__e. ozg LaLcsc OLuLagu _sLOLac
gegeao eag_eo. o _eomaas, gggaaas, Oemoaas,
C_agaas geg _eomue sa_eo LaLoas Lacca.
o oa eoeo_ _oasecL Lggu, Laszasc Lacca.
gg_ Co_ag_s s_gsc, nag_ _gqezsc, ages
saLsc, gco noeusc, nosasc, euze eeuass Ogg
_sa _ee_gCu ossao seo uqg_eo, L_g_u_L
LeLaLeL ne_gLeo. LssL Lss_ O_mLLa_ eLu
_Leo. eoeo __go_e_ LaLcsc oauoas usqu
gg_ _eguc OocuLL OLeu oezo eau.
CLmeLu OLg_ _eLaa LLg nosL Lgg. nosL
Lggee mL egoeeo ezeeLg_ac _ee_e_u
OLgog ccg. aae, ceg ceg oesL Lggsecu
qg__c Coeu. gug __ua egoee cou __oac
_e_ nmaoeasa egoeLCu qLLeL_gm_Co _eg
cesga guua_oa.
_ee,
mue _ggqu
m Oeg nu_u
meLaaeeL
m OeguuCe
ce_u LaLoc mcsqsga.
v. J. 2. . m_;auooo
o gOgcCoo uaoLL_gc __oa ggssq
_sc ncc gsCsag ce_u mmc mgg_o. o
Co_u neg_ guua_oaez_ _mz Cog O_ou ceo
cegg_o. ceCo ozg Laszasc _ee_gu
guua_oaezL LggaeoasCo g_e. g_agu
ga__esc ozg mzLg__e_u gaoauz_ goaL
mzLg__gc Ce_g OLeuLL_gea.
v. J. 2. 7. acna;ooo
o aLoCsae, Osaco aooe, qoCeszL OLuac
ceg Cog OLascac _e_ssL OLgga. Cszc_gc
gosscu ce_uL_gc _ze oue_gc mgg_a. o
Laag OLuac gOuag ceLLu.
ueea_u Oeco_e_ mL, usa mq@qsqo Oeu
Ceeos_u, saLu Lsgu gg_eo.. eLu _Leo
ceg Osaces neLao. o LaLcsc ccoau O_mLLa_
C_eas, ogga_ seos sLoa mcaqsege.
o zauao_az_gc uqg_ _o_u =Lau
neLaoza g_a. L_gL LaLcscc zauaaes
se_ue sss_e_s Osa_gcca. ages oeee,
Lo _gqezsc, _c Ouagsc, nama ezeasg Ogg
CLaegogeg _u_c OsaeL LaszasecL Laea.
q OLace Cuc gasa_ _e, _ee, sa_c
neLaosc. _LOLaec mL cssaze_e_agu mma
muL uaLLasc. g ue_zg acu _eme
_eeuuaqu. ss_e_ ozg LaLcsc OocLL_ge.
cssao_gu _gaa_ Oeco ocas_Le C_oCoas uaesa
eLg_ C_oCoas_geez __u oaL seL__agu
_ggeo Coeagceo ce Lo_eg _u Laszascc
agcca. Cugu gCoasL ueouc ncc CsaCemo
seeuc g ueasL mggg egoe oa_u CoasL
ueoea mL gasauc ss muo_as agsga.
_eeome Oggu eg Lsgea mLsga. _eeL
meou LaLoc ne_gsga.
250 251
_ea_ Oeco_g _zueLasc _gg_
oaea_u Oeco_u ueezsu aae CoeCLe
C_ea _Ceaeo_ goasLo seeuc
ueaL mgsqu mgeLCae _CoCe
ceg __sasL Lasega.
v. J. 2. 8. Jzouooo
osqL LLLamzae, mq@__ ceg OLas_u
ne. o Lae gaLc _mco_gmc mgg_a.
gLLcoaeLe OLmaa_oa gOuag LaszasecL
Lacca. gaoauz_ goaL mzLg__gc __oc
_euggcc LaLcsc ozg LaLcsCc.
ozg LaLcsc ea gee ga_eLaeo. O_mLLa_
C_e CLaeg seoeLaeo. o LaLcscc q_ge_sce
nccu, qgu ueu, mecaaL ac, geLeL
Laoeesec _g_ua LLu m_g saLLLLLcce_s
saeoau. _asq_ _e mcecscLu saLu _eeLu,
_aue gaas_e_u ozg LaLcscc saeoau. ages
cgc, nosac geL, Lsgue OLeu, noeLu
Ogg_egsecu ozg Laszasc mcsqsege.
g_geoaac ue_e noassLLsgae. )a g_oc
oa_g_oe gco g_eo ga ouCLag _e
_oeLug_ )a L_ss o_ssasc gas msege. gco
g_oc oa_g_ cozaog __ee mL mos_ )a g_oc
_sLLL ss gazLLL muoaza q CLagu muLa.
g_eoL OLag_C_ __aog, geLsecL OLa_C_ ussc
gcooscasCoa, OsLLoscasCoa uagsege ceg
CLeeuea mcsqsga.
v. J. 2. v. _zo
osqs Csae_, gs Osa__ gaoaa, ceg
OLasc ne. OLmaa_oame ocLL OLe _eLac.
omou qCz sao__o. o _co Oe_ Laszasc
gLLaeo, gaoaa gOuag ce_u ze _eoLscc
_euggcce.
agesuc cgc oeeu, Lsgoseo, nama q_ss
Ogg, usc ueLLaeeu, sa_oc =LLL uscme uegeo,
sgeL usc Le, OLesce sLeu, _ma __gos
s_gsc _sa _ee_gu _eLace LaLcsce
Osasu _ugc OsassLLLcce. LeeLa_ _u_
uzeLOaaLa _sLOLac gegs s_gsc _eLac
LaLcscc _euggcce.
ozg LaLcsce _u_me L_ss o_ssasecs
saeoau. eeu, O_cq, cceu oag_eo ozg
LaLcsc. ozg LaLcsc gaas - gaas Lao_e_
ne_gsege.
gLLaeoue zeLau LaLoc Laeo Cgae Lgg
us_ O_coass agcca. _gs CsaLLasc, _c
neq Cgaesq Coea nLcgeo, nc geo ogeg
LLaLc __sas c_gezssegg.
eoa_g oa_msc c_u LaLoc Laeo Cgae
LLosc _gsaeouc c_gg gza Og, Lac neeag,
euuL uomL __q Oeg Osaccauc ss Coeu.
Cugu )a Oeacscc =LLauc, _eeac aegoez _qg
sg _ae_u, ceoOae aaLCLasq _u_u Oeg
_goguc ggs Coeu. LmgLmeegu nu ogeas
sg guaeo oeas Coeu ceLg LLaLoe
s__aqu.
v. J. 2. 10. J_ozo;,z Jzo,uooo
o quLCsae_ggq _Cscc gueLaquc
mgg_o. guac Laszasecu, gLLccOa_o
252 253
Laszasecu o aggea. o guaCo __
__gsLqc, eoeoCu nag_ euau ceg Osaces
neLao. o g _zasL OLuaee LggCaL Laea.
oeLa LaLcsc nos ggeau q_ss_ge
naeou, oa_me geoaaeueau c_gssaLsege.
qeCg qou qoCe egoe ceg Osacesuc
eag Coggeu ceo ceLe_ oog_ge.
v. J. 2. 11. __zzoooo
goea __gcc neggmc mgg_ o
_uoeagmzae ce_u L_gL Laszasec _co Oe_a.
ge_sc u_guc egoe gLumsgae ceLgu egoe
_e ggg__a_qsc ceo ceLgu ozg _ssa
CsaLLaLaqu. o g_zasL OLuaeeL LggCa
Laea.
v. J. 2. 12. __mo.a _oo
osq Lzsaoe, uaes ueee, _ogaLe,
gagsmLOLuac ceg Lo OLasc ne. _ee
uaoLL_gc goao gsez __gcc gsqega_mc
C_aegea. o Laaeo OLma gOuag, gsqgg
_aeLsu, gOgg_aeLsu, gOo_ aggses, ga
guLc, OLma guLc _Lasa Laszasc _qu.
gozass Csauoe sggo sosL Csauc gLLc
Oe_ OLeuea neLao. _aos_sq
_eeuoe_ _ma O_aeLass sg OeacL_g og_o.
guaoe __sa Lesec ea LaLcscac La ueu
ns ___g geouc geg _eg_u OLggo. ozg
LaLcscc L_g_u_ LeLau, _gOggu qcoe_s
saeoau. eoeo _eeou _ggg _eLe Lsgoseo
_guL Lau LaLc qegees saeCLau. _LLaLc
qou _u, Oecou _ggu, _aa Lga
_ue ccoau,
gog_zu Oeu, ge msu __u, _Oca
OL gou _csqu
oou _u, uggu _ggu, OLgg _au_u
_ue Oeu
gog_u Oeaceo gae seOsaeCLe,
gazaaea Ooe_u gauu
ceg gazaae uggz_ge gLeLs agsgg.
LLaLoe OLac. gazaaee ce_u gLOLaez
gacC_agu Oeaco og_ac gg_ quCo mgg_agu _au
mgg_ qea nag_ qaasqu, nos oa_mgqma
Oeco_e__ _u, ugeusq ogsaL _casa _gaa_
Oeco_e_ _cc_ _u. _aosc _eLseg geLasc
_ee_e_u _g_gmu. __gazasc geo_g ggsa
oeeu _g_gmu. OLma eLu gegg_ oa_os_e_
_csqu. _oqos eL_e_ gzg_zuasqu. geeg_
samaasc aaogg_u Ooggea_ _u ceegg geeusc,
_cmLgsma eLasec_ _u. =eOg__ _aeas
saLgu OLasee _e _cogg geeuea _u.
_sCo ___esa _cmLgsma geeu _u Oeacoasa
gazaaea ce_u Oeaceo ue_az CLagg noemLCLauasl
Cugu o eoeo_gc uLueg eeo Oggugu
=La OsaeLo. ss_e_ ue_ueo _ezae
OLagLaeo - ce_ O_aLaqu oeg gLe_e_ mcsqu
LaLeo _ccca. LLaLc OLma guLc ce_u
Lqguc _euggccg.
ooag Lee __oas_u eoeo eua
Oggsecu, oa_mac Oggsecu, _eus neeou
mL eoeo eua_e_L gOuaL qcOLgo Oe_e.
254 255
9. 1. 1. @gm+1oms _1m 0q+o
. eoeo Lsg assu gg eua_ggq ga
O_ueLu, ga _ggeou, OLOecoasseeu
_c__g. _gq _ssa sazeu. __oasCc _o.
z. __oascac _u_ ossau gco oco _eLg_g.
. eoeo euas s_gsecu, muqLa_ eo_s
s_gsecu, _eeou mgg Osac_u oeeu
cca ea geLuc _ugc Osa__ OLeu
__oasecCao eau.
+. Lsg ass_e_o eag_osc ggaame LcCog
Lasascc CLeLLu oLLaz Ouagscc __go, _eus
s_gsec OocuLLe. __oas_u LLcuc
OLuLaq osssege.
. eag, eL LaqLasecs sLg_ geouc euaL Lcea
CugOsacc Coeu ceL_gq _euagmaa oscg
oa_q _eug_g. __oasce gs aLL_gc Lo
e ussc LLe_u saesCgau.
o. cca ezeasg_ __go_e_ _asc Laszascc
_eeou _ggg meLgguL mcsscce.
. gLLaeouc _eLac gLm_gs agcc
gaasgaas ngq_eg egoeL_g _aa
CugOsacc Coea _e Ogguee nosgao
Oesgg.
a. Co_asc, nLgL_asc, zaeasc, samaasc
_ee_ggu ncc nama Oggsecu, __goa
secu oscg cca LaLcsc c_gsagsege.
_osce ga oguc Oeco gesege.
s. __oasc no ogLaLc uqg_ gumses
Osaeg_e. egoee _zagLLgc uqg_ =La
Osaeg_e. g Lauz ussec gcogLL__
n_mag.
o. nos eLasc geoaggeo, mgL, gL coa_
egoee gosecL Lgg ggsg _eLoC_
geoaaeg ceg _gOggeaL LzLme.
. CLmeL geoea _eLog com_ Coggeus_u
_eLaas sss aLag ceg neqLe eu_go
ueLLaeeuLe Ceeo mg_e.
z. _oa_ gLLcs_squ, e_s ggLcscsqu
__oasc _asc oa_eo _LLc_gs OsaeLe.
. ooa_oasc ga __og_cc eoeo_ _oasec
oLga-CgLacu, goazes
ueo ga - goeg_zu
gga - gsCsam_, gCoasLu
O_aeeL ga - sazu
ceL mm_g _omLascc Csauc Osaecc
OLuaeeL s_gg Lau, uasc eaeeu
Oegcce.
+. osce _co Oeacsc, gaoauz_ goaL
mzLg_uas_ O_aqssLLLcce.
256 257
0nm1 n+o;+om
OLaesaa_oa oo __oau gog_ag
____a_oa oo zeLau gog_ag
CLaa_oa oo _egau gog_ag
gLLaea_oa o _uoeagmzae
gugeeaa_oa zo goeg_ m__u, gae_se
gog_ag
guua_oa zso goamau, goaOuag,
gm__u, OLma gog_ag
ugzsmaa_oa sec_e g__au,
OLmaa_oa + OLmaa_oa gOuag,
gLLcoae
__eLac gaoaa gOuag, gLLaeo
qoCesza_oa OLuac gOuag OLma
gOuag, gsqgg_aeLu,
gOgg_aeLsu
guaesaa_oa o OLma guLc, gOo_
aggses, ga guLc
O_aeLzL OLa
aa_oa gueo_ gLs_o
+ooo
sass age, __oasc ccoau ccoa_u OLg
Coeu, coaeu coa_ geo Coeu ceg nama
Cgass_gLe euaL Lcsecu, e__aa ggLcsecu
ee_g _gO_aeLagge.
s. 4. gsmsJs
_u_s_gc eeoOggea_ _e__C_aaso Oe_ OLeu
gaaeuaseco eau. osc cca, ea ueu
LeL__osc. _osc __go_e_u, egae_e_u
CLagss og_ CLa_ssc _co. cca _u oa_ses
_egaac, gaas ueLLaeeuaac usscLu _e, _c
OggueeL LzLmaosc. __esa _aoscas
gaaeuasc CLaggLLsege. osecL Lggu,
oscg cca oa_ses uggu _ma Oeacsecu
LLaL_gc saeCLau.
9. 4. I. omm+o+1m1
eua_e_ oc_g, _e uzeL ggL_gaosc ceLg
OLac. gaaeuasc _gL_g _ozao. os_c
gaeeuLg_, ggaqssze, sg_z, uacss oaes
ce_u gacoCz euaaoeama ce_u nama geoeaL
OLggozao. _eu Lsgu sog_ oa_sesaagu, _cza_
ne_LLagu, LsgL Lzoe_Lu LaLcscagu _u_s_gc
eeoOgg _e__C_aas OLggee mg_e ceLg
qgLmL_ _ssg.
9. 4. z. +msm+1o_m m1 - _[nq, n+:mom
gaaeuasc _gL_g _omc euao eamasc
gacoCza g_O_aeL, uaesaszaa, g_o, _eoa,
seeLL, ggoseL, _L_g _sca. saezssac
_ueuaa CLaeCga qgLmL__ssozao. eeo eua LsgL
LaLcsec_ O_aq_g _c__o. gumaaeLa gum _oa.
ogegL Lee g_egscas oesLL_gea.
euaoeamasc ceg gLmssLLu gacou eeoeuas
qzo cequ _e_ssLLo. oscg ozoagegu _ma
Oeacsecu CsaLLasecu saeoau.
v. 4. 2. 1. ___o. nmz[_o
Cea_gaL saguc oLa_ _a gusea
_o_m__a. _egau oagc nuaC_maazac aeLLac
mLLL OLgga. _u_ gaOLaqu sgg, _oasc C_agu eeL
Lgsasc La, ussec oOgguc _ggLL_gea. Co_
Oggugu _u_ Oggugu =LaLLe oOLuaee
258 259
uoo
so
ogLL _u_ euas CsaLLasec CugOsaeLa.
C_oazu _co Oeg _ueuaLLezs seqczs se
sc__a.
euesec Ooeg eeo eua_e_ geo gaLea.
euesec Oocgu oa_L CLamc OgLmc _ug gsec
Lu Cosauc LseuLe c_gu, eoes _gg gmc
cg_C_au Lu Oe_a. _eeCa _ecoa_u, ec
oa_u ceL. gsOsaccugmc Lgsu La gL_e_
gLo Oe_a. gCoa_gmc _eLeeea
OLeLeeaassea. geuoaL_mc cgueLL
OLeeassea. ggc_ OLue_gc eosa gascc
_ogLe_gz_gc _sgaeLg_a.
o gs__ga _g_asecs qgsqu LaLc ouag
eoc gOLg OecOoeo OecgCu
__ea _eo __O_e_ __gCu
seoc gLL LoOeegsqCu
s_q uauegs saLc _eLsqCu
Leeuc _eLee OLeLeeaaqCu
Le_a ceOLag Laeoag _qCu
e _zamLg )Oze_ )Cu
gg_ euLg_ Oeg_u_L LaLCo
omm o_
ozg C_oazu __ogu oeeCa __ __g
sLqcas agsgg. o_eLa Lo ooasecu, Lo
OLasecu, _oe _aosLq Oe_ Lo
_LOeacsecu, Lo gmecaaLcsecu _oe
c_g_ccc Lo Lgsecu _oeLa C_oazL
LaLcsc c_gs agsege. o LaLcscc
. oOLuae uss_sq sLqc
z. mgL, gL coa_oe
. nos_geL_gu, nuscL_gu qegau Cogau,
nLeau LLoe
+. nusce mgmLmcsec gsqLoe
. _eee og_eLLoscg Laoasec gss _sg
_Loe
o. _ae eggLLe_L CLao _eee _eLu
nusecu egg sso Oesgae. _e
_aas_sqL Lo ogscc _c Oeg _osec
_LOsacsgae CLaeg CsaLLasecs saeoau.
mss mgnmq+m s:m nmsom
oee_ _u sLqcasqu, _ueu _oe gosec
oeaqu _aazasqu ncc_gc Osae oeaqu ussc
meou geeusecL OLgo cesga.
. _usq Cgu geLascogg m_eo OLgo.
z. meescc gg m_eo _eLo.
. eLu _eLsege.
+. ugmgLmeeg gaqsege.
. m CLageg _eLsege.
ozg oa_ses OLu __goasec ne_gsgg.
. ego_eLa _co ceg OLg_qgea OLgga.
e__gz uass_e_ ne_gsgg.
z. _usOseg oa_auc, nusLq n_m Oea
CoeOueg _eeougg oa_ses Ogg ceLeoaqu.
260 261
v. 4. 2. 2. _zzo
ggaqsszs soausCc _LL ce o_asLLsga.
gaeeuLg_zac _LLCz ce _e_ssL OLgga. ozg
agOLa ucgssaa _qu. o g_eeLLa
gaLc goa_mc, Cocac uzmc mgg_a. ozg OLgCga
s_ea. uageaa _o. ozg _usesa gosogaa.
o eue eua_e_ eagg _uCee cege_ssL
LLLa. _oeua gcscc ocoozaea. gosogaa
gogesuc o_O_ae Oeg og_a. egoe osq
geo Cga neLassea. _gCga OLgag _ug
_usesaamLu ogg Ceg_a. gosogaau oaoau Oeeg
oee oeas Cga gaqu oeeu Lgsu La
ggggee ouggc _Lo Cga gasL OLgga. eeo
eua_ggq ueLa.
oOeaeo _gg_ Lcooe oez seeau
gggegaac eo_gu, mq_e_s Osa_gu, aaeeea gms
Osacoo Oegu, scoc mee_gs sL sLoc _ccu
Lom_ )aqseco Oe_a. eg _cac _eo
_ee_e_u Ooega.
_ Oeacsc
. g_gasaee uaL_gc _eg C_acc mqL,
go__gezsec OLagssL OLgga.
z. _L_g _scame usee Lau )eL, eg _cac
_omq_e_ gss _cea
. guegssaLc Co_ascac _eLssLLLL s_meeL
Lgsu La ggsso Oe_a.
geoaaggCoCa sueos saLeas se sc__a.
gLs_mc _gez ua_u e_a_ gacc egoe
Ceg_a. ozg _g_asec mcsqu LaLc
_eoOsac ge_ _as mecCu
__oe g_ _Lasu _aqCug
Osaeo - Oe aaee qegg LcCu
a _za mLg )Oze_ )Cu
seoOsac Co_oeL Lg _e_cCc
s_q ue ss_ ggsqu
_eoOsac oamuc scgu u_sqCu
_LL CLaggu _g_u_L LaLCo
ozg CsaLLasc:
. oe mgLmcoa_oe
z. cesLe Lc OegsLLLC_ cega
. Oeagscac momss _aa_ OLeu neLaoe
cesga.
oOLuaee ogLo_ac
. geL_geeg mLL, eLu _eLsege
z. meeueeg mLsege
. mgL, _L, OLuL, mc, gLscc gg
gaqsege cega.
_g_uae __go _eee _eg,
saaCu Csauoass sueu _euaas
oaeuCa geuaas ueuc oasuas
CgaCu Ogu Laoa gega g zeua _LL
_eee =eeasqL CLaggms saLCeaCu
_e s_g - nLuCL Csauoasqu sassLLseg
ueu _euaasqu oaeuCa Lms__uasqu, Lms__u
OLgg ue_ggcc qcCa __sa oasuasqu, _eCL
262 263
Ogu Laguas geq gega _mCqsu Oeg ggea
neoass, =e_sqL _eee Oeu _egeas agsga.
v. 4. 2. J. a[_;o
gssuoaa_gc _eLo_sq_ g_O_ae Oeg
og_ _oaosg_z. ggao_mc eeLaea, eeaeaa
ceLos_sq useaL mgg_a. osq gueu gLg_
sao_gc egoe _eu geo saL, ___aL OsaeLa.
gogesuc egoee go gLLLOLgga. _qmc
Lzeoaaez ueg_a. _aazg OLeuea mcsqu
g_O_aeL O_aeseaL La _cea. qeeLgmc
Ogcueo OLgga. gLs_mc OeasceoL OLaeeasss
OsaeLa. g_gqegc egoe _c__ OLaeee
_ggc CLaL goaq qc_gc c_gs OsaeLa.
gOoagggmc easoaaez ueg_a. Lzeoaa
mLeo egoee_ gg m_gL CLasss OsaeLa.
geoaaggc samm gLOLssLas ogmLLgsu Laea.
_mgauc __eo oaLmcecea uLLcea.
_ua_u soag geeacc Oocecaaeeuc _ug_
Cez ueeLe suoaa ueo Oeeg, _ae _e Oe_
g_O_aeeLo Oeg og_a. oOegea mcsqu LaLc
Oousza qeL mcecea gcqCu
Oocec oaze ugc _gCu
uaes Lasez_ gg gL_gCu,
um _g ogmL ggqCu
Oeasc _eg _asu_aqCu
gs_u _ggLL OeuOLae _csqCu,
gas oaeLm Cezgq gcqCu
goas sg_z Oeg_u_L LaLCo
ozg LaLc s_gsc:
. oe mgLmcoa_oe
z. ee _eeuae ceg nuscc _gaLLLa_oe
. gzauzu CLu neLaoe
+. OLe oCoa _eoCoa coa_oe
. _aa Oeu me_secL OLag__cLoe
ceLeoaqu.
mgn+rn nmsom
u.. zzoa
. _uuoasec _gLL t_uuoascaoe _eou,
seuu, uaea ceLei.
z. oCoasu cgo
. L, mc eoscogg mLo
+. mgLmeeg gaqo
. meeea mLOLagLL cesga. Cugu sg_ou
mCoasq Coeogeg _eLueg OsaLLo.
c_o;z zoza
o _ae ego_sq _eu ceLe_ Lo LaLcscac
momssga. _oee cegu ugssauc _euaa ss
Coeu ceLe_ ne_gu LaLc qeegs saeCLau.
LaLc
m__ameg gOLuaCe _caca
c__aeug oaC_eees seCge ue_geee
eo__a OLeee_ O_eLac OoeOe
gc_ _cgegc
___aqes sacae _cCoe ceoaCu
264 265
_e s_g : _aasq _cmu oesuc OLa
seeuc m__ CLaegoCe, mego eggzee _uc
gs OsaeLoCe, ccoa nus_squ _eooCe,
_ecCa Oecouas neLaoCe, e gae neeee
ugoauc eLmLauc gaaeLCLe. ooag geesseg
ce ue_gCo c_g_ccc, OLeeeaaggc
O_esezuc ncc_asa gOoeOe gc_mc
goLgeg ce_u _oa_gc _ug_ca ce
_aCel e gae nesq ceOgegu _eu cesga,
ggaqssze
v. 4. 2. 4. moaaonao
euau q sao_gc OegLgg ocu. ugOga
sao_gc Ouoqgg__cu. _oeua_gc egacac =
eeagg _aa C_aego. q sao_gc OLc__
u__gezac gug gg u_u _assLOLgg _coggg.
_oCoecuc uacssoaes goa__mc C_aegea.
Laea gaLe uggmaas_ gs_g_a. gLOLggeguc
qoc OLgg_ goaesu Laacea. _uLz_gc
OLc__sec oagc Ooega. meuL OLeee CLsuag
Oe_a. gogguLos Csaeoaaez Laacea. o
Oea goaesasc _gggu, gsCsaeo ga@gu
Ouagg_cea. _eua_u us gLe_gz_gc goggu
Lo_gc ego_Le zeLgs sog_a.
egoe o OLaL gmsecs qgezscassea.
eoea ggea OLsOs__C_aLo Oe_a. mLsq ue
sug_a mzuLLLLa. g, c___ac Osae o
agaeogeg c_gea. g_ _g_ gs_osec meou
LaLoac _gaoau.
OLqu eoea _ee _e_LmsqCu
mzuLsqL mzaeCue segCu
gmOaoau Lmaas gL_ggCu
ga _es_eeL CLsmsqCu
Lamg LaLsq uesuL msqCu
Lzue gOL__s Csaeo LaCu
oqu __ez oagec LaLgCu
oa__z oe_u_L LaLCo
ozg LaLc s_gsc:
. oe _eeeL L_uOLaLqu _eeeL L_uOLac
z. mgzac ee _eeuae ce _ga_aa_oe
. _e, OLe, _o ceg omcoa_oe, _ssc, sa__c,
_g__c, ueg__c, _cc ceg O_agcseco
OeLoe
+. nusce mgLeL gsqLoe
. mgL, gL coa_oe ceLeoau.
m16o+rn+om
. nos nusc ceeggeo. _eo _eou, seuu,
uaea ceg _uuoasce mecoasL mgLeL
_eLsege.
z. c, uzu, moe, goa_oe, moaq, ussc, C_o
ceg g_oesL mgLsecu _eLsege.
. nusc _oecaCo_ae _oe _ac oeas Coeu.
+. nusc _uuoascogg mLuCLa_g
oOLuaee _eLsege cega.
egoe OLeueas agu goaesL LaLc
oaeas ueeas ocaas qcaas
meas nuzas neeuua eeuuas
Csaeas aae ceg cetgi _o _oezs a__aL
oae _s gegaea ce Oeaco oa__goCe
266 267
@qs o_
egoe gou, g, OgL, sagg, _saau ce_u
guOLu __asca mcaqLoe. caqu gssug
gegggLLoe. _gaaeuaac aae, ceg nosL Lggac
uaas a__au L OeLoe. cu _eooeasa neee
cooag oa__gCoel cesga.
v. 4. 2. 3. __[aazo
ggoseL gceouc oa_g_o. ceuu
_g_gsq gszae sguss ueemuggu, eL_
geguc ccaza Lz_e_Lac Oeeg og_a. _e_s seL
_o ueemaa, )emzaue cueu_ ggoseL
Ouega.
egoe ug _ee CsLL OLmao, cueu ceg_eac
ugg OLag ua_secu ce ue_geagu )eCLe ceg
ag mosea. ua_ ug eo__ sa_eo _gCo gggg
egoe ug eo__ CLzemeeL OLm_a ug___ac o
OLmazaue. omz__e_ eg CLca ozg eg
_eme gg_e_ nosgq _gm_g egoe _c mg_ae.
nos eLascgu egueLCu ggg_eLag ceLe_
ozg ozoag mcsqsgg.
v. 4. 2. . _uz.a qou.oo
ozg Lsgea nosgq ne__ egoe ggg
_aoza CoLu _e og_a. og_ oeaa ozg
ueemea Coeggs ueus_qLe ueemea _e___
neee osqs Osa_C_e cega. ueemaa
seomLu _asc sLLecLL gLLLC_ ce sLeu. ce
nusqu geeozasa g OeaeeL Oeoe_aeg Cog
ggLL_gq Cog aagu ceo ces ag eegg
Oeega. sgg__a e_gLe ogg agLesea cgss
_osc ug oacCLa mgg Oogg OLgga. egoe
ozg Oeags Oeaeo se LazaL osqo
oCoas L_m _c_go gLm__a.
gau nosc __Lm_g ou ue, OLe, OLae c_u
Oecoasc ego_sCs nmae. _e_ egoCea egoe
_aasCca CoeOue muuOLa_g Osa_g
moC_ _egaaqu. __eeCa agLesaa CugOsaeLa
ceLa.
v. 4. 2. 7. _.uo.,mo.oo.
ozg em_gz__ac _aasc ueuo Oecou
_ee_e_u egoe _aos_sq _csso ggu
_aasa_osc ceLg O_msgg.
v. 4. 2. 8. JmuzJzo_ qou.oo
ozg ozoag usqu maLmee neLasqu _g_o
Oeaoaqu. uagCoLu _eog_ ___ga_ee o
ozCogLgoggu, _oeLu nLC_eu OLg _egLL
_uggggu ozg nag_ oLsgea O_mmssgg.
__su _m_LLoe CLaoL eLuogg ___e_ c_g
mg Oe_ CLagu _oee_ O_a_g geggogg
oeaaseco oOees sgu ozg gL mcaqsgg.
v. 4. 2. v. u__ J_ozo
g_O_aeL _eg _euL _coee _aosq
__gLL oacac _mg_a. q_ge_uL_gc o OsaeL
_e _coggO_e_u, egoeaaez __gL
nLemsqu CLgge _e _ooe OLm_as CLaggL
LLmceo.
v. 4. 2. 10. cn;mo. Jz_mo qou.oo
Cezuae OLuac gaaea aaee ug Loe ou
OLa_g no ue sugg Ooecg Cueaea og_
268 269
eoeoaaez oeasea. Cue __gu ggg _a
oeaza sg oeasea. eoeoaac usqu _
_ae eea ce _gm__ mgqu oeas
gggge oazCoLu geeLm_)
og_a C_qu ce
mm__goggu, _zeaLea ggquag uggm
__oaCea ogg Coea OLa_g eLu OLqu
g_O_aesq eLggas o Ouagg_a ces
agagoggu ozg ncc_ge naqu oOLuaeLu
OsaeL Lsgu mcaqsegg.
v. 4. 2. 11. mo.auoaa;uuoo
_eLaoezL CLaoCo OLeLaou _aasca
_gO_aeLagge. _osc uaesasszaa, saezssac
_ueuaa, ee aeaa ceCLa _o. os_c
uaesaszaa uaesasq _e _z casc O_ou
ceg Cess_a soauscac LazaLLL OLggcca.
Lae gaLc eeou _cgg eueu ocg_e_L
Laeua C_maa se ogg, guegs saLog_
euLg_ez ugezsq ozoe___gu, Laeae Oguage
sz Cga nggOLa_g euLg_ezs Osae )sso Oe_gu,
euLg_sq euesc eLgg OeoasCca ce
oggagu, _ueuaame euaLLgeg eg mcsqsegg.
euLg_ eue u__e_ Ooeg eeo_e_ geo gaLL
nggeeaa g_o ooueuaaCz _oa.
euLg_,
uaesassz ocCsae Laeo omoecses
Lasao Oecm LaeuaC_m
ce oezL Lgs_gc LazaLcca.
eeaeaa eeLaeasq eeg_ aeazas
eeLaeazg ueemaza coa_ses gL_g, sg_zez
useasL OLu CLg OLgga.
v. 4. 2. 12. _aa_uoo
o _eg OLgCga _esOse ueu CLa
soLLesaa gss, _g CsL_ _a_u numL_
gcg_gc gg _ozg nag_ Le mcaqsegg
_umazasa gaqssze nuoa_ Coe_ _ogeo ggg
oa_g_gu, eueu eag_ _umea eeo eua_gc eauLo
Oe_gu _ozg eeoL Lesec geq mcsqsege.
_z _aasce ozoagegL OLma zae_gc se,
_zagg _ggg, _aascL_g ugLu umaae_u
Osae, _oscg q_ee m_amees OsaeLa
_aasq _aazas, gau _eLoe _c OLgg
oa_Coauas.
9. 4. 1. o]q+s+o+1m+1om
OuseLa, _egg oeamaa, uegaeeuLg_,
nuaLgou c_u gacou eg_eaeamasc ces
agLLo. eg_aeu - oOeacgsq LzuLez ceLg OLac.
eg_aeu _soeg_aeu, goeg_aeu ce oesLLu.
_soeg_ae__a - sueo ueouc oa_Coazao.
osc _seL LzuoeLu oae nLC_eu OLgg
gggC_o, eegquaz, e_ga ae _meeasc, LzCeaga
_o.
goeg_aeu - _soeg_ae__a LzuLezuc goqosc
C_aega OuseL C_o __oaCaa _o. LzCeag
_eomLu OuseL C_ou, _omLu _egg o_u,
_egg o_gLu uegae euLg__u, uegae
euLg_mLu nuaLg o_u nLC_eu OLgge. e_ Ou
seL eg_ae LzuLez ceL.
270 271
_co Oe_ gcsc
OuseL C_o - oae CLa_u
_egg oaeamaa - oae _gaa, La
L.g
nuaLgou - oLmzsaeu __oa g_ag_ _qLsu
c_u cL gcsc
m+n[ mm
gceo _oauzomc ou qo. uegae
euLg_mLu nLC_eu OLggo. oL mzsaeu __oa __ag_
_qLsu c_u cL gcsec aggcca. gceouc
ggagg_ Osaeas Osassm La gggea. _gez
ua_u _u_ gLe_gz_gc egacc sog_a.
9. 4. 4. +msm+1oms omm 0q+o
gaaeuasce eua_O_ae _cmLgsmag. _oggc
oogeg saeCLau.
. Lsg Oggea gaaeuasc ocssL OLggee
mg_e.
z. o gaaeuasc _oaL LcsCs __euaas_ _asec
_LLc_gs OsaeLe.
. _oaasc sL_c, qL__sq Oem__c,
_aas_squ, Ls_s_squ O_ae Oe_c
__oaoggc o =LLLe. n_oazL Lcsec
CugOsaeLe. ce sLe Lc Oeg sLLLC_ cega
_LL OLuae.
+. eeo eua_ __gos CsaLLasecu, eeo eua_e_L
meLggCoa CugOsacc Coea Ogg_egsecu
gaaeuasc _asc oa_mc oa_gg saLeasc.
. eeo eua_e_ nosgao Oe_ OLeu gaaeua
secCa eau.
o. gaaeuascac eeou _geq OLggg. _esOse
q uzeLu noassL OLaooeLg_g.
. gaaeuasc Lo eua gcsec agga_e _ou _u_
ossau ocz og Oe_e.
a. gaaeuasc ccoa eagL mmqscosqu oa_ses
geouoggu OLaca_azL mmqscoggu
C_aege. _eac qeuLLaL nequ eu_go
ueLLaeeuu eCsa_z_go_u Coqeg_ _e___g.
s. gaaeuasce e__aa gcoa_qL Lcsc, _oaL
Lcsc ussc uegc Ceeo ueLLaeeuea oc__g.
o. gaaeuascc euas qzo ceL CLaggLLu gaco
oa_gg saLa geOegL Lae_ CLagg__ss_aqu.
ns_[_qs
. gaeeuLg_ , z, _u g_egsc
tgsseLssaLi
z. ggaqsszs +, , o _u g_egsc
. gsg_z -_u g_eg - tgLLaLi
+. guacssoaes a-_u g_eg - goaesu
. guces_ C_o,
Ceg_e uggu s-_u g_eg gmeeLLa,
_cacsc gLLcoae
Laag
o. g_o o-_u g_eg guggzu
. goaoqeLaa
LLe__sc,
saezssaoueuaa
uggu gumaaeLa
gumsc LaLcsc -_u g_eg C_a_gzLLaLcsc
a. Cess_a OLuae z-_u gueg OLma zaeu
272 273
t
C
_
o
a
z
u
i

g mss
_. 1_ m1omm ms:mm
. Lsg Oggue gL aag
z. Lsg ceg Oeacoe OLac aag
. Lsgue oessc aaeo
+. O_ees_ge Lsg ass_e_ LzLmCaa aao
. zaua_gme CsaLLaLeLu, __go_e_u c_g.
o. u_go egoee _eLu ogaass agoe aaeo
. zaugg_me Lsg Ogg aaez euaua OsaeLg
a. ssa u__e_ C_aggm__o aa
s. ssame e_ gc cg
o. oasac_gc LsgOggeaL LzLmao aa
. gssazau Lgg gqgL oezs.
z. zauaae_e_ _gg Ouaguc c_gao aa __gq
_o LL OLa cee
. Leo LzLma Oggaaog aag
+. __oas_c _gsao_e_ eagC_a aao
. __oas_c eLssao_e_ eagC_a aao
o. __oas_c mgsaou eagC_a aao
. OLmaa_oame Cog OLasc aaeo
a. euaoeama ceLLu gaco aa
s. eeo eua LsgL LaLcsec_ O_aq__o aa
zo. _LL OLuaee _OeaOoe _ma agoe
aaeo
z. gaaeuas_c OLeLaoaasc oezs ags.
zz. eg_aeo eama - qgL oezs.
z. _soeg_ae__a qgL oezs.
z+. go eg_ae__a qgL oezs.
z. nuaLg ou Lgg qgLOL_gs.
zo. oae CLa_u aggao aa
z. _egg oaeamaame gcsc aaeo
za. nuaLg oaeamaame gcsc aaeo
@. q_ n[ _mmm _mm n m1o_ mo+mm
ms:mm
. Lsgue oessec mom.
z. zaua_gme Lsg assL Lceas ags.
. u_go Lsg assL Lceas ags.
+. zauagg_ Lsg assL Lceas ags
. guLss Lsg assL Lceas ags
o. sd _ae Lsg assL Lceas ags
. ocoLaeamaa Lsg assL Lceas ags
a. gc_ae Lsg assL Lceas ags
s. mz eeou _cog oasaa_u Lgg _ma agoe
aaeo
274 275
o. gsga_ Lgg qgL oezs
. g_ae Lgg ag
z. __oasc - mcsqs.
. ugz sm __oa Lgg Oegsecs ags.
+. _eLaecs qgsqu Cog OLasecs ags.
. O_aeLzL OLaaa_oa Lgg qgL _s
o. gLLaea_oa Lgg qgL _s
. guaes __oa Lgg qgL _s
a. gaaeuas_c oezs qgLm
s. oee ogLo_ac _eLu geeuscas euLg_
agoe aaeo
zo. uacssoaes Oe_ _ma Oeacsecs ags.
z. g qgL oezs.
_. ggo seL
_. agLes gaaea
. ecaae quagea
=. g_O_aeL
n. Cezuae OLuac gaaea.
@. q_ no _mmm _mm qnn m1o_ mo+mm
ms:mm
. Lsg assu C_aegs sazeasc aaeo
z. Lsg ass_ge ma Lesc aaeo
. Lsg ass_ge mecqsc aaeo
+. qgaesse C_aggu, CLa_eesec mom.
. uzaLa, ee_ea _sCaazg Lsg assL Lcsecs
ags.
o. meou __oascg C_aggu, _co Oe_
_Oeacsec ags.
_i OLaes __oa _i ____a_oa
i CLaa_oa =i gugeeaa_oa
ni guua_oa mi qoCesz __oa
ci OLmaa_oa gi _eLac
. gazaaea ceg gau_e_ noemLL_ac _eLu
geeuscas guaes __oa agoe aaeo,
a. gaeeuLg_me ozoagegu, _ozg euas
s_gsecu, sLqc CsaLLaeLu ags
s. _LLme ozoagegu, _ozg euas s_gsecu
sLqc CsaLLaeLu ags.
o. sg_z ozoagegu _ozg euas s_gsecu sLqc
CsaLLaLeLu ags
. uacssoaes ozoagegu, _ozg euas
s_gsecu sLqc CsaLLaLeLu ags
z. uaesasszaa, gosogaa _Oeacsecs
ags
276 277
o. +s no+o_ mo+mm ms:mm
. Lsg assu Lggu, __gsae sazeasc ma Lesc
Lgg mom.
z. eLssaou Lgg assu Lggu, Lsg ass_e_
LzLmCaac ozg Lcsecu mom.
. __oascg C_aggu Lggu, Leeomc coCz_u
gacozg _uLcsecu mom.
+. __oasce _ma _LO_aesec mom.
. gaaeuasc eeo eua_ggsagga _uLcsec mom.
278
10. e, eggs Jgggg
@sJs
10. 1. e, eggs Jgggg @sJs 0gsmg
ssmJs
I0. I. I. @][m+ms [sm
LgOeLLau gggaee eLssao_gc gug gaLc
_zac, e__aa, eua, OLaca_az_ gegscc qeoq
ggLLLg.
_zaoc qggeu coa_ saze__ac gaLc
q_LL_u, oe_egs_u, _zags_u _eomm__ae.
gaLc eLLu q_aq, uss_sq LagsaL CLaguae _cq
coa_ geo g_g. eua_geguc ussc qgsa
ueLLaeeueLaozaue. _Lgumsessc uqgg
saeLLLLe. q_ge_ ueasc, oz_Leee, OLe ss
Osaeo, eags Osaeusc CLaegeo Lzmug_e.
eua_ge OLazac ussc guaggLLL Lq__gqsq qooa_
Oeacseco Oea _eoLLLLe. _esce _gssu
uqggu, OLesc qssLLLLozau g_e.
ggaamc L_O_aeL_au gggaec _zac,
OLaca_az, eua, e__aa, LeLaL, ossa_ gegscc
Lo uaggasc C_aege. _asCoaL CLzzs _e _Lea
ga __ogu CugOsaeLg. _asCoa _Luc gaLe
LcCog gegscc uaggas_u ocou ggLLLg.
CueogaLL LeLaLe _ass__ac uss_eLa
OLaca_az, e_s, _zac gegscc Lo uaggasc
C_aege. uuaggasec mgLeq ceCg agoau. g_
mgLeeoCa uguoo ceg agsege.
279
uuguoo LcCog gegscc qgLmL__ss uaggasec
ggL_gag. neeuaasCo eega ggaa _eg geosq
uguoosq geg Oeg__s sLeuLLLccg ce m.ce.
_eaa agsga.
I0. I. z. 1[_q @mo+om 6q+s o+;oom
. _asCoa _L ga __euu Lzmae_a_g
ggaLc gomog_ _zags g_geou, q_LL
g_geoeau _sgg_ _e Lcea CugOsaeLg.
_e mecoas gaLc _eugu LagsaLu
ggL__LLLLe. g gga ussc uegc _ascg
neeuaae geoea _ggg Osacc oaLeL
_c__g.
z. s.m. a _u _e OussaCo mzme _agaac
_asou Lugg OuagaassLLLLg. _e oauoas
ggasc Cugs_ga gasms_e_ ccgc _gg_e.
Cueo gasce _eCegg_e_u _eCegg
_egsecu _ggg Osac_u eg_LLu seL__g.
Cugu _asos scm _eg _gmac scm _egaac
_gmac, O_agcgLL _geo mcsqu _o_e_
neLassag.
. Cueogasce ozoaggo Oegsce oauoas _osc
meLgga cca CLasqu, Oeagesaae CLaoaae
oa_ses _egs_u coa_e_u O_mgg OsaeLe.
ussceLCa gu gaLeLu e__aa )a L_ss
o_ssasccoa_ gaLas uagg Coeu ceg neq
C_aegag. _gq _eCeaaas m_gLLo zagazau
Cuaseza cegac _g uesaasag.
+. sgu_o euaL LzLs q_ssce scmL Lcu, eua
ocoL Lcu qgLmL__ssg. gg eua_ggu,
e__aa_ggu saeLLLL ggg__a_qsc sLssaLLL
LLLe. ceCo eua_gegugu e__aa_ gegugu
qgLLas mzuueuagu, _maeuagu, mzuuae eeL
CLaeg g__ assasc noaue.
. _asCoa _Lue mecoas ggaa, _gmac
O_agcgLL_gegscc _eCeg nos gas_Le
O_aLeL neLasss OsaeLg. _O_aL gga
ussceLCa _gCLasq g_ee ueLLaeeu,
OLaca_azu uggu O_agcgegscc _eCeg
Coeu ceg _o_e__ geag.
I0. I. 1. 1[_q @mo+oms msmqom
. gu gaLe nama LeLaLeLu, _eeumseseau
uggg oa_gg og_ uss_sq og__ assasc
q ozLmzea_ua _eug_e. gug LazuLma
OLeuea nosgu oeeu Co_asecu,
nLgL_asecu euus_ Ouaguogg
Cueogascc OuagOLa__e. g ussceLCa
gaLL Lgegu, ga_u nos _zasc naz Coeu
ceg nama cee_e_u ggL_gag.
z. gug gaL ossaasc, esOa__gLmzgsc,
scOoLsc, gaeaasc, e_OLac _qsc _ou
OLgg OLacsec __azuas Osae Cueo gaL
ozoagg _masc gga ozoageg c_ge. ogeg
_ggg ggasc _aasc Cugu _ss __azas_Le
gga ozoageg O_coas nosu masqu oeeu
c_ge.
. gg eua_gCoCa g__asec Lo g__oagsc
CugOsaeLe. mzuueuagu, _ma euagu, mzuuae
eeL uggu zausqe assu CLaeg eua e_s
g__ assasc oauoas gg euao gLeL
nosgq c_gez_g gg eua_e_ _gqL
Lae_uogg saLLagge. soau mCosaeg_ noso
280 281
eua uagaLc saCsamc gg euao gLeL Lgg
_gga nez nosgg_ qegaqu.
+. gg eua_gc gomog_ LcCog )eusecu,
_LLL_sso_ssasecu ussc _ga_ O_aLase.
sgu_o euaLLzL q_me e__aa_gc saeLLLL
ggg__a_qsec LaeL_g LagssLLLLosec _asc
Lac =__e. e_s se g__oagsc mezgg
OeacLL _oscg geo CuuLa _eLa _azag
ne___e. egOae_u nLesLeLCag_eou,
q_ge_ ue_e_u zagazau Cuaseza oeeuaass
se__a. _ma euagu, mzuu ae eeL,
zausqe assu oauoas eua, e__aa
g__asc OLucmc OeacL__LLLLe.
)eLaeu ce_u Osaeueas seca usa_ua
saggasc q OLu ass_gee oggL_g
Ooggu seLa. Lq__gqo g_ee ussc uegc
Coqegag. ussc uegc qgsa seCeaLLu _seg
Lzg_ ueLLaeeuu eu_go, eCsa_z_go
ueLLaeeuu CuCoaasag.
o. _asCoa _L, scm_gLLu OLesc geoea
na_gag. _asCoa OLe scmuc OLu _sseg
saLe. _es_sq euuaL OLes_u scm sgg
_ee_g_ gegscgu _eCeg ogoqssLLLLg.
L_a _eg _ma euag_gc seuaas cgssLLLLg.
m_eo ueu Lo g__oagscac __mssLLLLg.
q_ge_ ueu eLL#gaas _og ce nez__LLLLg.
eaz_a eLLu gegCoggLLL Coea _cq ussc
neg_e. usc _eCegg_ggq uaOLu
O_aeLaggaoc =soz eggz m_aaeas
qgLmL__sso _oa.
. _gmac scmagq _a_u sgg, sggogeg gu
gaLCoCa OeacL__qu geemgg, ec
_eCegg_gsq ogoq__g. gga ecsc
_gmac _qscc =LL _zum__e. sc_ Cue_
zaua_gu, Ogs)u eggz CLau CLaeCgazg
semLsc noes maLLeLao Oeg gga
se_ nosgao Oe_e.
a. gug LazuLmau uss geseosc oco OLgg_gq
uguoo _ssa sazeu ceoau. Cueo gaLe gu
__qs seosec gcscas c_g nosgao Oe_e.
ee, gmau, gLu, gaLau, sLLLsseo CLaeg
seosOse scm ggoeas_u C_aege.
s. O_agc geguc ma__q _eCeggu saeLLLLg.
Lo ga O_agcsc noaue. ocs ggoeasc
C_aege. Cocaegeguc ocou ga _egs_u
saeLLLLe. ggaamc Lo OLacsc
_aamssLLLLe. gg _eos_u, Ogeq _eos_u
C_aege.
o. _asCoa oesaagu, __esaagu e__aa
geouc uaggasc saeLLLLe. c___s_u,
_goosu Lcaas_u e__aa_gc ugssLLLLe.
_asou O_mgC_a nag_oscas e__aa_gc
ugssLLLLe.
. Ouag_ geguc ma__q _eCeggu ggLLLg. _aso
ossa_gc ncc geu, sme_, gaLsu __oaeeo
gga Ouagscc C_aege. _aso _eguc
meLggLLLL muee _egu Laaqu gga
Ouagscc mzgLo__e. ossa_geguc nosu
CLaggu ossa Cue_sc noaue.
z. gga uguoo ggaL ussceLCa LeeLa
OLeuea nezo Oe_g. Cueo gaLL LeLaLc
gasms_ggu, _gmaogu seL gco )a agsec
ussc _ggg meLgg nazo Oe_g.
282 283
10. z. J esgJ
mzuueuag_e_ ggmao zaeazau Cuase za _oa.
oezL ga ggaaeo ggma ce_u ga
uguooea O_aLas eo__o cegu ago.
mzuueuagu s.m. azac ggoLLLLg. gCo __c g__
assuaqu. zaeazau Cuaseza s.m. zc mgg_a.
oasac_ggcc oeg LeL__ eogs mzaue quL_e_o
Ceg_o. o sgggg_ Ouagsc _asou, mzs, o_)e,
_m, sCzssu, euus_u uggu gg CLaegeoscaqu.
gg eua _u ea_gzasc, Co_asc, nLgL_asc CLaeg
mgogegu __gg Luegg_a. _aso gasms_gc
_gs gaLLu OsaeL_ac Lo_eg asoagg Oeeg
gumea. _o _ug gagL_aog oagc Coeoea mL
mosea. ca oa_gaeco e__aaL Lcssas
_LLc__a. _o gg e__aa_gc g_ _Lgumses
s_squ uggu geea )eus_squ cgzass qzc
c_Lmea. g_ ggoe_e_ ggma_e _ou _o q
ga eua_e_L LzLL muLmceo. uagas g_ _euLmc
_ee_go euaasce _ma CsaLLasc _euggg_e.
ccoa uss_u eag, eua LaqLaeg qegas Cegg qCz
egoee ogLL gggoeu ogoq_gs Osa__g.
s_ssgga ggoe_gc Lcaaggs Osaeg_ CLag
sg_goL Lagmaasce O_aL _osqs seL__g. _e
mecoas gg eua_e_ g_g _euss CoeOue
mumea. s.m. ac scs__amc __us eeL ceLe_
ggmea. gc g__z, _ _z ussc sogg OsaeLe.
asc Co_ag_ ea_gzasce eaz_e_ _aso_ggu, oasac
Ouagugu OocuLLa. me gaeq nLgL_asec
OuagOLa__a. azoc gsme CLa_eesec ggeaq
Oeg, gsme Osacessc - _eugsqu _eg__ggqu
ogsaL ceg geo OocuLLa. sg_go goeeLs
qssc __gq ugL_ O_mm__e. _ogegOacoau
ggu OLaLL__ag, sg_go uss_sq q _ega
ce _eg sLezsc OocuLLa.
I0. z. I. n;mmom+g[s 0q+oom
10. 2. 1. 1. nmu_J_o
q O_o ogLaLeL_ _ae gggoe_e_ eagC_a
meLgg Coeu. _ee mzu euag OLagLLaoe_gc
zaeazau Cuaseza O_cqL_gcca. egoee
esscac uLueg _a__agu ogLL Coeu. _ae
ceg _sge_ea _g_g mL _eg __uaeo
ego_sq gLLeLac Oea Coeu. qeCg qou,
qoCe C_oe ceLe_u ussc _eeou eCsa_zsCc
ceLe_u o oog_gs agea. ccoao euaasecu
_ogge eua ossaasecu geugLLe CLaggea.
g_ ass_ge s_qsc cLLaqLau coauc
_eeosqu gggg mLLLLg_e. gg eua_e_ mL
mosauc _C_ Cgz_gc CueogaL_ _ass__ac C_aega
gco s_gsecu _eoaLL_gs Osae mmg_ Lzg_
neqLe OeacLL mumag g_ assu.
10. 2. 1. 2. n__ou_ J_o
_geguc ozg Lc _cmLgsmag. Laegg e__aa
L_sso_ssaseco eLL_ggqL guLaeg ceg _gmss
_aso _Laacme geeea gaea. eg _cog
nLesLeL gg_c ceg L_ssu _ggacc g_ og_g.
mcoau OLeaes _g eLL_ggq guLaeg ce
_gmsso Oe_a. _o oa_g_ sao_gc oasac_gc cu
m_eos_sq ceegg eecsc e_ssLLLLe. Lo
cu m_eosc _eac uoaua eua_e__ __me.
m_eosc ugueu Oeg Osacoe_ zaeazau Cuaseza
__m__a. Lo_azue_e_u, q_ge_ ue_e_u
oeeuaasCo cg__a. OLe q_ge_secs Osacoe_u
284 285
se__a. no ogLaLeLu, Cocmsecu _ggguaso
eaea. usc go_ssas CLazaea. OLesc Oea_gmeu
Lggu soL ue_e_ Lggu e__aa_ggq ne_gea.
10. 2. 1. J. e___o.m
Oeg__acsc __ nmeuLe OeacLLCoe
Ouega. ue_e ce@oggu, c_goggu cg_m_uae
sLLLau __c aLag ceLC_ ozg s_g.
Oeg__acsc ug mgssLLLL _eLsec cg__a.
goez gau seL e__aaL LcsCca Cugu o
ge_ n_osce geo naz LaLLLa. gue_asc
_os_sq mg__ go_)eosecs qegsquL Csamea.
I0. z. z. @;+o+;+m 6m+os;+m - q_ m[nn
o e__aa g__oag uLucoauc gg_
gaLLLgg neLaozasqu gs_g_a. ussceLCa _zac
mgLeeo_ C_aggmss _aega. ggaame _goso
gmOae oezs ageac _g uesaasag. euau,
_zac, __gou, e__aau, scm, ossau uggu eLLu
CLaeg gegscc Lo g__asecs Osae oz o
sazeuas g_a. usc go_ssasqu m_eossasqu
_gq _e oezL CLac cou LaLLLgceo ceLe_
nggaass agoau.
)eLaeuea cg_g CLasOsa na_gea.
_ssao_gc gco ossa oeu gegg_ozas g_a.
ossa LeLLsec _c__ozasqu g_a. o ng,
oasacu, gg, euus_u, Lazsu uggu _aso
Ouagscc Lo gcsec c_gcca. euo_ Oscug ceg
oasacL L_gmsesea asc ggm __e _mazas
Lcaaggea. __gq _eg _es_sqL me Lazs
Ouaguc uzagc _sL ceg _e_u OocuLLa.
Oeg__ac nosc _eCeaaas mcas, cu
c___acs_sq ogsaLaas_ gs_g_a.
_zac oaec o_ae ga ggaame )ss_maas
toog nezLLozasi g_a. nmeu OLg Coeu
ceLgu __eeo eLL_ge _oCu OLg Coeu ceLgu
ozg Osacesaas g_g.
uaea mcoauu ceLo zaeazu Cuaseza _ae
__e __oc eua qLeu _eo _gmac _eguc
_ssegLe Oea _gLLLo ceg agsga. nosu
__ma ue_ Cga ngeo oog_ga cca ga
ue_amuaeaasqu gs_g_a. LLL CLasa_ L_eusqu
ocu geusqu eeLL LaouasCo o g_a.
o ggaamc ga sao_e__ O_aLas eo__o ce
zmggz ga_ _aa agsga.
I0.z.1. n;mmom+gm - @;+o+;+m 6m+os;+m
o+m[[nns
zaeazau Cuase za ac mmuLc ceg L_gc
_sao uzeueLg_a. _e mecoas omassu OLu
_gosqccaugg. goas _euL _egs_u,
eLLgLLas_u _egaas coa_ saze_geac __e
_eCeggu _eLOLggg. a+-c C_Coggzga_ _aa
omass_gc Cegg e_L gLm__a. _oeLa
_eoeuue omassu Oogg geLCLaLLg. _o ua_a
Csauc ogLaL _eg, geg gmgu O_a_es _eg,
s_eo ogLa CLaegogeg _g_sLL_gea. Cseo
eggz Oee ceLo aoz-c omass_gc Ceg_a. sg_go
uggu eoeo CLa_eesec oog_gea. g
uggoscac OLmgu OogssLLLLg. _e mecoas
omassu zeLas mcg_g. aa+-c Cseo eggz Oee
uegg_a. mzu euag_gc Lo nLmmqsc g_agu
omass_ggqL me C_aega _aeuagu CLaeg
OecoasqLe mcasmceo. ggssce _aasec
286 287
uaggoggu, CueogaLs s_gseco ggss
eoLLggCu omassu OLu Lasaggag.
10. S. @ esgJ
_ma euagu s.m. a-c C_aggmssLLLLg. e__
C_aggm__o soau _aaeg_ ezuog _oa _ozg
agOLa _oeasze. s.m. az+-c qgza_gc oegcc
mzaue quL_gc mgg_a. ozg _ge_ue OLa _uLa
easz _qu. ozg zoog oagc gueu _ss ozg
_ge_ mumea. _gc mLLu coauc mLeL mL
OocCagea. neeuea_ C_ ggaa __eusqu sgg
Lo Lascc scm sgga. _esc _eogg, gmgg
ggaas ugzamsqo Oeega. _aq soaug
mzagaeg_mLu Lzas _ea. __e me e_gaa__
mzsaeu ceg geo c_gea. _o _u oa_gaec Co_
eua_e_L LzLoggu gg, eua, e__aaL Lcscgu
sg__a. gg_aes_sqc Lcoauzs sessaCea oezL
meLgg_ _eoLLLLe.
I0. 1. I. @1mom+gm - mmom
_maa ceL_e OLac sLqce q_ge_ ceL_aqu.
(Arya means son of God). _ee_g _euass_u, sLqce
q_ge_sc cegu, _eo sLq_sq _L_c ncceoaas
ss Coeu ceLgu _aaeg_me s_gscaqu.
I0. 1. z. @1mom+g[s 6o+rn+om
. _eeou sLqce q_ge_sc ceL_ac _o
sceLCa eag, u_, e CogLasc ___ugg_aqu.
z. uzu, nou, Csacsc, ue_sc, __sasc g CLaeg
ee mg OLacsec _eeg_g ogLa Oeoe_
Co_asc CLagssmceo.
gaae_ge _ouasqu, _eeougg ggOeacsce
_ouasqu Co_asec LzLo_e _ouasqu sLqec
ogLL _u.
. sLqcLu gug qegsec _eguL cg_Ooa
mzgggu (Agents) C_eouceo. uagas _ee_g
_es_u, OLes_u sLqce mzgggsCc. sLqecL
Lggu, _ozg s_gsecL LzLo_gqu ussc
_eeou LeLssLLLssgasc.
+. _euame Laeu _oggg. _g LcCog mgL
uggu gLsce _ou _eee s__LL_g Cueeu
_eLao Oesgg.
. gL ceLg _oggg. _mss _aa_gu aL. ceCo
__eeL Lgga _oeu aLag. oa_mc CugOsac_u
ggOeacsc _ouas gLeL, ___ mgmac __ee
e_L mgLLasss Osaccoau.
o. _eua mgLLgu ceo. gLLgu ceo. sLqecL
CLaeCg _euaqu geoaaeg.
. )Lu ggg_c ceLg __e qcuc cgsao_gc
ggOeacseco Oe_gq gLLu_c _qu.
a. gaeca Oeacsc ceLg sLeuaaqu. _gCo eega
sLeuaas uagsgg. _ssLeuuee __ue_gLe
OeooCe OeuCLag, _g ___ mgmssae
s_ouas uagsgg.
s. _eua Laou _ggg. _g sLqce CsaLLasec
ugu CLag LaoueLsgg. _euaoaeg ue c_osq
_euaaqu CLag oOeac geLOLgsegg. ceCo
ue c_oaaeg _euaeoL Lagssa oeeu La_gs
Osacog _oauasgg.
288 289
o. ccoa Lao_geegu m_eo OLoC_ mCLgaqu.
LcCog mgL uggu gLme _ouasCo m CLgeg
_eLa _u.
. Oeass_u, gzs_u Lmuc_ae nccg. CoOgaqu
ceo. _e Oeacsce _ouasCo Oeass_e_u
gzs_e_u _aCe geau Oeg Osac_sgae.
z. _@u OLe@u emgs euaeu. _euamgq Laoe
CogLasc seLaag. _eua __euaaegu
e_uaegu _qu.
. euao eLaqsce og _egsc _ouas nosc
_eugea ggL__ _u.
+. u_u uggu u_gumsessc _ouas uLu eega
mzoees_squ )q sae aoag. uagas
_gqL_ouae g_ee uggu OeacLaLeac uLu
)qsae agu.
I0. 1. 1. @1m om+g[s 0ommn+om
g _zumssLLLL saou __c ue_ e__aa
CuuLaLgq Lo e__aaL Lcsec CugOsae oggccg.
gg eua_gc gg ou )eusecs secaqu Co_
eua_ggq _gu _cssqu _agsc CugOsaeccg.
10. J. J. 1. c_oa.z z;z_
Co_asc usqu guL__qg_ Oegsec nccLss
LL_ac __eeL LzLL gggssessae CLa_ss_u,
ggms_u ga __eusqu Laeu Oea ggLasc
OeaLLLLg. Co_s s_gscc nLeLa coa_osc
_e__ gm_gs ag gee__oscLu moa_u gL_g
_os_sq_ C_eoaae mcssasec_ _ogu _oscg
sLeuaaqu. Cugu CLa_ssc q sLqc CsaLLaLee
oog_g osgasc.
10. J. J. 2. _[_uz zzoz.z maazm e__n Jna_
euus_u uggu gg _sa Ouagscc =La
ggLu oesugu LeeLa gasmsasec _gu
oesugu oeuag_ge mgasc OeacLseg. gu
__ae_asc ago Oeegcc _gmac s_gsec _q
(Research) Oeo_gq eega ecsec msqmsqu
oeeu __e OeacLasc _euggcce.
10. J. J. J. aa q_.oa. _oa_a
_maeuag_ge scm ggoeasec ze
oesscasL mmssoau. _oggOoaeg qqou ugOgaeg
Lcc uggu sc_mscaqu. qqo_gc qgLLas euus_
Ouagugu euau uggu u_u Lgga s_gs_u
LuggmssLLsege. Lcc uggu sc_msc Dayanand
Anglo vedic Lccsc uggu sc_msc ceg OLasecs
Osaesqu. euLg_LLLL _zeaas_ge scm_geg
_cog Lcseoss_sascc qL_Coa Cugaga
s_gsec sgmssege. Dayanand Anglo vedic Lccscgu
sc_mscgu uaeos_u, uaems_u _e__eaas
Luoqu, qegasL Luoqu oegsc OeaLLLcce. o
ggoeascc ocsLLLu (Commercial Education)
Oeaco__zLLsege. ga __eusqu scm ggoeasc
oeuag__ac gL__LLsege. qCz gsmc Lo scm
ggoeas_u ggoLLLcce. gga gaLc
ecs_u cu OLes_u gggu OLgu oesuc,
oa_sesuc uaggasec ggL_ga OLeu
omass_e_Ca eau.
I0. 1. 4. oqq+m 0q+o
10. J. 4. 1. Jza qamcz__a
Lo gszascc _gae_ _zuasc ggoLLLcce.
_oggc ceegg _e q_ge_s_u, OLe q_ge_s_u
290 291
CLcs LagsassLLsege. Cugu _os_sq _LLeL
uggu O_agc scms_u CLagssLLsege. _eac
oa_sesuc _esq_ C_eoaaeogeg _aasCc OLggs
Osacc ogoes seLssegg.
10. J. 4. 2. [._a _aam
LLLgq coa_ ge_L OLgCgasce q_ge_s_sqs
scm sLL _gu gsmc q_ge_sc co_e_ gggoeu
ggL_gccg.
10. J. 4. J. _.a _aam
Lo quLascc m_eosc ue_amuaeuegu, =q
zssu coauogu gL__LLsege. Cugu Lo ogscc
_osc geLLL__LLsege. ceCo m_eosc mLeL
mL OocCagu geo ggLLccg. _LLLLLL
m_eos_sq soLuas m_eosc coasc
ggoLLLcce. Cugu _os_sq emaae gee
seLsquCLag ugueu Oeg Osaccqu ggLa
OeaLLsegg.
10. J. 4. 4. .azzzzz / _qo._z Jza_aao. _u;mm
esmLLLLL / _gae_L OLes_ssas o
_zuasec omassu ggL_gccg. ___esa
OLes_sq _eeumses neLasqu _u oa_mgq
C_eoaaeogeg _aCu euLag_g Osaccqu
O_aggscmsc aq CLagssLLsege.
10. J. 4. 3. J_ozo _aa
e_mauae _mae ceg O_aeL LeLu
gggoe__ac _zumssLLLccg. sq_ssc, ussec
us_mLL_gsae OLag m_assec ggLa Oeog
uLueg geuaae qg seLss Oeoggu, u_go
ueesec q_asas OeacLL eoLLggu LaCsgsege.
Cugu ecsc nLeou ncc_e_u geuaas
eo_gs Osacc Caasa uggu gaaeu _saeosec sgg_
_sege.
I0. 1. s. oqq+m m_mm1
oeuague__aa uguoosq LcCog oesscc
LaLsegg. _eoaaoe.
10. J. 3. 1. [._ m__ e_;oa
e__aa_gc usqu Osaa L_ssuas q_ge_
gueu nccg. _eac ceegg OLesc cu
oagCoCa m_eoaaqu geo ggLLccg. g_ )a
geL_egea omassuaeg _ggguas cgssgg.
_ee _ss _ma euagu eaz_a eLL_e_ (Saradha Act)
__m__g. _zeaas_u a oaggqLLLL OLe@u z
oaggqLLLL _@u gueu OegOsacc aLag ceg
eLLu aggccg. ugaosc _eLeesqL
L__LLoasc.
10. J. 3. 2. za_o; m__ e_;oa
gg e__aa_gc ncc uggOua goOeac q _e
Lo OLesec uegg Osacog ceL_aqu. _gCLag gg
u__e_o eag_ cg_Ooa _@u OLe@u ze
gueasc Oeg Osacc _aa_oag _zeaasu eLLu
aggccg. Lo_az ue_e_ _ma euagu cLCLagu
cg_g oggccg.
10. J. 3. J. u_o. _ma. __m__ e_;oa
oa_ae _e, cu oag OLeee gueu Oeg
Osacoe_ omassu seuaas cgssgg.
10. J. 3. 4. _a_m Jza_m noqao nmo.m
e__aa_gc seo_sq_ C_eoaae LcmeLsec
Oeg, gaeq sos_sqc _Las sLLLC_ OLece
292 293
sLeu ceg s_LLL og_g. e_ _ma euagu
oeeuaas cgssgg. _esecu OLesecu
e__aa_ge sescasCo Lamssegg. sLeus_u
nmeus_u Laosqu euuas ss CoeOueg
agsgg. seoe gggmLLac, CoOga _ce gee
_oaOueg neu LLe_gc OLesc ugueu Oeg
Osaccoau ceg agsgg.
10. J. 3. 3. no_ _.a_m _zo.mpm
ggaamc O_aeg O_aL gg og_ eag
_egsecu )eLaeueau _ma euagu _zuL saou
__Co cgassgg. Cugu mgg_ gagueac nag_oCza
_a_g_oCza ceo ceg oog_gsgg. Cugu coe
qoe nee_uae Oeacsec OesgaCea _oeeCa
nag_oeas s_ Coeu ceg agsgg. gggoeu
gggssessae soL_ gueasec gL_g eo_gccg.
_gc LcoauzssaCea LaCsggcce. ceCo _oscg
ncc_gc gg eag uggu )eLaeu CLaeg ceeasc
uego_gsae oaLsc ncce.
10. J. 3. . _zz___a (Shuddhi)
_ma euagu C_aego_gq _e mg u__e_ eag_
cou gg u_ CsaLLasec ggg ggoas uag_aa_
geo g_g. _eac _ma euagCua gg u__ge
s_qsec ccCoasqu gggg eo_gccg.
10. J. 3. 7. _ounmo___. J_oa q.zJz_m _zoa
ggaamc ggoLLLLagu _e secsc
_acgascgu Lzmcce. ggasc qCag oa_seg
oeLe uggu ggaas CLaeg OLgszascc _e
secsc O_aLasLLLcce. oLggaamc uaoLLu
C_agu _e secsc _euggcce. OL gszasc
uLucoag g szauascgu _e secsc mmgg
seLssege.
I0. 1. o. om+m qm+s]q1 q_ m[nn
soau _aaeg_ gg_ g__oag. Co_ euau,
gasmsu, LeLa eo _eegu nosCoCa gg_eoaas
_o sgea. ogggq _gu _c__ac _ae ggaa
CuuLa _eLa _u cegu sgea. Cog eua_ggq
uaga ggssc, gg eua_ggq gum oz e_
eLaqsec meLggea. ggsscLu gaLLLgeg ocss
OLmgu LaLLLa. ggaa ggasCs ceg __ss_e_
c_Lmaou oCz. gueu gaCu _e Osacogae
gcoaLaaqu ces sgea. o _ss sazagau tgug
_zsi sa Laeq tgug Ouagi sa _uu tgug euaui ceg
ussceLCa agag m_eo neeo, ussceLCa
C_aggm__g.
om+m qm+s]q1 q_ ]q +
sLg_ sao_e_u gs_sao_e_u eesqu Laouas
_o mcasea. neeuCa Oocgu ueu
Co_as_sq Oec ceLe _oeLa OLae Ouagscaqu.
_o uegg_ me_u _ozg og_ C_aegcsc _o
mL Oeeg Lcsec O_aLgg CugOsaeLe.
omassu oaoa ogLgza, soau z__aeg_ CLaeg
OLg_eoosec gaLgq _ggccg. soau _aaeg_a
_ma euag_e_ ggma a _escc _sao
uzeueLg_a. __e me usa_ua _euzag ceLo
_aaeg_ _aso Co_ sc_m ggmea.
soz-c _ma euag_gc .c.m (D.A.V.) sc_m mmq,
qqoL mmq ce mmqsc C_aegoaue. qqoLmmq
qqo saCsm ceg q ggoe_e_ O_aLasag. _g
mee Lcseoss_suas ocg_g. gga_ ggaLc
294 295
ecs_u cuOLes_u gggu OLu oesuc
oa_sesuc uaggasec ggL_ga OLeu
omass_e_Ca eau. omassuaeg ue_ e__aa_e_
qeCg qou qoCe C_oe ceg Lae_ue _
ozCogsgg.
10. 4. @sgqm @sJ
I0. 4. I. @;+m_o1s m+gq
ggaamc q_LL_u _eugueeuu _eo
mm__as Osaeg_OLa_g _eugeau _gOoacea
u gcs gga oaec C_aega mOocc zausqe
Lzu_ue. o _ug ueOue_u _qs aL_gc _eua
Lgga _zaoea gL_gs Osaeg_a. ga saes
ggssezuc scs__amgq _sgcc _pCeuozu ceg
L_gc _euggg_ sacCsauoc _ug sao_e_s sg__
o, ccoao euaasce eaz_e_u _ggg, neeusec
negg seo_g oa_gg saLa ae, a _u _e
gguc _oeLa _qsc _g_e. me Cseo
eggzOee_u mzuu euag_u saemuma uguoo
cee _eosCca O_aL OsaeLa. me aaoc _o
usaeuag geoea _eLuoez _esLq cca
Oeagscc ea geLuc se_sc, ggsse_sc _egaL
gs_osec eo_g _ma eua, __go s_gsec cou
mgg Osac_u oeeu CLag__a. L_C_au, Lauzu
_Lou, OLeu, ecu, _gCaau CsL
egg _gOgguc ggs _eeg_a. eaz_a C_maa
osq ngg geeaas gg, oeLa euaL Lcsc
emoz geLOLgL Lcoagga_u gee mg_a.
o a+ _u _e oasac_gc _sc uaoLL_gc
sau sa ceg szau_gc mzaue quL_gc C_aegea.
_ug qoO_o_e_ qeL_aog oagCo ogLL_ O_aLas,
me _pCeuozs sacLe Ogasa O_aL ggLLLg.
saceas sae CoeOueg Lo ucCgzu o __g_
gaae_gc ggmoa. gaceLmc saceas se, seL
_g_L CLmeL geouCo LLa. me LcCog _g_g
geoscc seeeeu zaueeu se CLzaeg_u
cgea. oez cuoagc s_a_# ce _e_LL.
I0. 4. z. @;+m_o1s 0o+msoom
euaOoguc ggLO_ee egoee ne_c ceLg
ozg s_g. eua_e_L gsscLLg ceLg eua_ggq
OLu )asass s_LLsegg. g eua_e_L meLggauc
LLe_ mLs _ass s_LLsegg. O_ae@g Csa
ussc zeLauzu _e saou oa_g_ oa_me __euo
eeu zausqe, _o, Lcoauz ussce qzcsc,
ue_ e gumsessc a _euaL OLgg eaeLa
ma Lomauas mcasea ce nCzaue Czaogg agsga.
euau g __Lou mge_ gegg_g euau. e_
osse_u, _ceo agu (Logic) mcssmL _aag.
__Lo_ge _eLoees seCLa _e_s qg_g
oagogceo, seLo meo, meLo seo ceLg
ozg s_g.
oa_me ma qgsCsac ega_Lou, _LLeL_
__go g@ssasecu, __go nezaaLcsecu
_m__a. egoee _eLa CoeOueg gssu, egoe
Lac _e eosCc CoeLeo, _eac egoeeL
Lgga _gOoeg noogLa euaoa_mgq
egaeuaa_g ces sgea. _ee_g_ gqo
eoscgu _eLoe gegggLLe_s saeoau ceLg
ozg s_g. egoee _eLa no ogLa q og.
_gCo _g_ _q _eg. qgsCsac ega_Lou. ozg
euau geL_eg oa_mgq ggg qeg. o LeeLa
neeusec mcssog_ g _euLOLLLsu, _gaa_
euao eeu. o, ego_u ue__u sog_ ma__q
soeo ce mCosaeg_ agsga.
296 297
I0. 4. 1. om+m m6mo+s]q1
mCosu - _eg_u = mCosaeg_u. mCos__ac
_eg_u OLgg_ac mCosaeg_ ce _e_ssL OLgga.
zausqeme uso gg_ L mCosaeg_. o
ao _u _ec coaeoo Ceg_ ___a quL_gc
scs__amc mggg, _asoL Lccscgu sc_mscgu
Lueg oeu OLgga.
oez cu oagc gCzggz _cog gCzggzga_ ce
_e_LL. ozg _ge_ muoga_ ___a, _aaa oCeuom
C_m. Cueo gaL _gmac scmu, Lq__gq
ueLLaeeuu, q_ge_L Lo_gCo eg gumsesu,
eo)s gumsesu emaa ce meo_ _eoLLLLe. ogge
mecoas ozg _gOoe_u _oaeu _seg geoea
_eLg_g.
me mzu euag_ge ngLmezaea. aqu ozg
_eu gLgsq neq sLLmceo. neeuCa n_gezL
Loezu, Lo Lasecu gao Oeega. gguc
c___gmcoa ae zausqeez_ _pCeuoz_gc
Cgsq Cg egg__a. Lzu_ue gCLaeg mzu Oegg_
_euaeo cgCgasss Osaeg_a. _o ozac_ae
muma O_msLLc gegCogu ce gum g_a.
scmaagu LeLagu goasecL CLaeg ze
nccasLq ggLLL eggL egoee gs seeaac
ggg, osq egeeo ne_g_ _u Lzas gggs
OsaeLa. gCzg_zme gaLLasc _sege. uegc _eug
C_aegag. q_LLas_sq )qsc seL__e.
zausqeme _euso Oegea _ee_gosgqu
LzLL_ _qg_ _LOecozas noaea. me o
mCosaeg_ ce _e_ssLLLLa. ozg _eaee
_eua oc qOsaeLeuaac _azag euaLLcsec
_gg_ _eoLLLLa. zausqeme gggacscc
_goaggc gegg_ q ec aLLu _oezo
g_ggg_g. _eeeue LmCoau Lae_C_au _osec
oc_g euaL Lcs_sqL OLgo Oe_a. _osec
mCosaeg_mLu qLLeL___as neg LzaumLmc
_osec msCge. _osc guLauc La_gsOsac
ce mCosaeg_mLu Lzu_ue agea. osc
zausqemLu )ses OLgge, ggog oa_eo
CugOsaeLe. cgsao zausqe ass_geeo
eagC_azas osc uagea
I0. 4. 4. @;+m_o @mom [_mnn:m
aso _u _e _ug q zausqe Lz_u=ame
geeoas, mCosaeg_ zausqe ass_e_ ggmea.
ggaL LeLaLeL noOsaqu LzLog _e _ssa
qgsCsac. mCosaeg_, gCzaLLamgu _Oumssamgu
LzooasL Laeu Oeg Co_ag_ __go_e_L LzLL
_aega. geL_eg oa_mgqu Lae_u oesuc gasms
nosgq gg eua_e_ c_gez__o mCosaeg_. gga
LeLa, gasmsu eosce ma geoeu noqsq nz__
qzoc ne_ga n__u o.
nos _zasc ggaaeo nee_ gaLass s_o
Oe_euaac oez gaLLLgg uss aeOae
_e___e. o g_euea _L gumsessec, )eusec
_gCo gss _gLLLa _eeou scm OLg Coeu.
e__aa_ge _uLL_goLCLasqL Lc ma Coeu
ce ussec_ geea. zausqe ass_ge secsc
noOsaqu ncce. g_ assu _eu ocouc gaLLu
OsaeCLasqL Lug _c_g, _osecs scm, eua,
e__aaL Lcseco Oeaqu, geOsaeL gzLLqu __Lm
eossegg. ga Co_ag_s s_gsec nag_ Lcugu
=LLccg. ggaamc LcCog secsecs Osae
u_goueesc, Lccsc, sc_msc, gosasc, _eae_
coasc CLaegogeg ggm us ga Lcsec Oeg
osegg.
298 299
saCsa noso eua uagaLc mCosaeg_ gg
eua_e_L Lgg ozoaggo gL oag_ nez gs__g
ggaamgqL OLu mcss_e_s CsL _Oumsss_u
mg gaLo euao eaLacs_u OLmgu mag_e.
mCosaeg_ eu_go_ggu eua qggeuugu gumses
Osaeg_a.
I0. 4. s. @;+m_o @mo[s 6+o+o_m
[6o+mo_m
. zausqea c_gez__ oeeu, Co_ag_s
Osacessc _Lasa scmeaL sLL Coeu. e_L
sLL _oeLa _egaL geL_eg oa_mc seL
c_gssaLsecL LaeL__ Coeu. mg eua
eguagL_u qLmLo Oeeeuaaso Oe_c
Coeu.
z. seosc, _gmacsc, O_agcsc mgogegu
sLogu, CuuLaLeLao Oeoguaqu.
. CuCo aga gegsc _ee_ggu _masecL
Luggm_g _osc OLagussec _@qu ogoes
Oe_c
+. OLag uss_u scm sLu Lcuee_ O_aLgg
Oegozc
. Lccsc, sc_msc, _eae_ coasc, O_agg
eaeosc, _qsaLasc, u_goueesc,
ug_sasc, nLggLm_gC_asqu mcaacsLqu
gagCoasqu negmLasc uggu mg scm
ggoeasc, _gLLcsc CLaegogeg ggmL CLc
oc_g_ O_aLgg _LLcseco Oegozc.
o. omassu _e Cgassasec gegCogg, cogeg
muL_ _ssO_eo ggssegC_a __gqma
eessec, Lo __sec, gcsec geL
mzszasec _oe_gL LgLm_g mggc _cog
ooeuas o_asc
. CuCo seL Cgassasecs sessLLLLL _eguc
CgzaasCoa, ueg_suasCoa, gegCogg_
O_aLeLa Lcsecu, mgLcsecu cogeg
ccoau assu Oea_ _qg oag_O_es sgsgC_
_eoaee_e_u Oe_c.
omassu _seL Lcsecu Oe_e
. u_goLLc
z. scmL Lc
. szau_gc ne_LLacsLqu, mgLLCLasqu Lc m_c,
szaua _eCegg_ggqL LaLLc
+. Ooccu, ac, OLue_, gogssu, gasmsu, __gou,
euau ogeg Oocgascc LzL_c
. _eu, LeLaL_gegscc Lcm_c.
o. usc go_ssasL Lo ggoeasec ggmL Lcm_c.
ooagas zausqe assu egu noOsasu
nag_ Lcsec _gg osegg.
I0. 4. o. m6mo+s]q1 0n+s0m+gom
ecsCc, nas_sq ceeLu gumses
squaeac, ceee guo_gqma e_mau squaeac,
qcuauae cgsaou nas_sqs sa_gssgg ceCLe.
Lomeu eLaga_ _gzoe_aasqu geLuasqu
_eusgg.
mgzg LazaLsqu Lgsqu Oemea__ac us__ae
samau ce_u Oea _aag.
300 301
ggaaeo _eCeggueLao Oea mumeac, Lauz
uss_ssas gau Coeo Oe_as Coeu.
_eusc ccCoasqu OLma eeaeas LLg
OLagaeuCa _qu. gug gaLeLL m__ eea_u _g_ae.
ge_, ccaosc, qgssLLLLosc,
scmagmcoa_osc _sa osCc ne_eLa
O_oascas mcasLu.
Les, OLagaeu _saogeg g OocuLLac, _eo
oLu __guas ueu neeLCu gum ogg
Ceggmu.
neeussas ce_u ggssoau, _eac c_gsasqu
neeuea_ ggssaC_.
ooeuCa us_oszuae, gzg_zuae, ocuas,
_uz_gouae oa_ses _qu.
_eeou ggu coauc, gegg_ _eLe
L_qLosCc LCLag nos_ggq_ C_eoLLsgasc.
zssu ncc _au, g_ee _ggc LeL__ _ec,
Coeo Oeas aa essc _sa g_ _egu gusq_
C_eo.
mzsCc, seqscogg mg_O__ascl
_ecscogg mLascl
ecCe, ooeu, _cogg ooeu - gCo LCLag
C_eo
gg_ oLa_gLe _egaae ogeaL meLgg_
e_ma_gLe mzeas mcaql
nLc Lome_e_Caa, ue Lome_e_Caa neLasqu
ce_u _@ss aLag.
10. . _sm e
mg assasc e__aa g__asec
CugOsaeLe_L CLaoCo mzu ae eeLu gga
ussce oa_eoo LL_gogc OLuLasaggccg.
oeeL __e __oc a _u _e _Oumssamc
ggaas gsmc ggoLLLLg. O_o.m. mcoaLus ceg
zqa uagqu, sec O_o.cu. _csaL ceg _Oumssu
Cegg oeeL ggme. me osc Oeeeesq ogg
_eLaaggc _eoeu _goos_e__ O_aLasea.
_omass_ge Ooggsq gug. _eeOLeeL _ueuaa
OLmgu n_mea. omass_ggq_ _eoeuL
OLagLeLu ggga.
a+-_u _e _aso _aoagg mgg_o o
as-_u _e ggaa og_a. asa _u _e sauc
u_ga gga sc_mea_ O_aLasea. saumaae_u
LeeLa CsaLLascc gumsesu OLeuu
OsaeL_as g_g. cgsao_gc gumses neLa_asqu
g_g. _ueuaa nLgL_asce _gqoeazu, e_,
mzsamaasc, zaeasc, _u ea_gzasc, uugsc,
se_sc uggu O_ac uzsc _saogeg gg, OLc__
u_ascogg c_g __gq us cca nag_ mcssasec
_c__a.
ggs CsaLLascae sumee, ug mgm, _euame
_gaa_ ac, LcCog Caas geosc uggu _o_azasc
CLaegogeg us _g_uas _eeou _ggg Osac_u
oeeu mcss ggssce _ss sesec_ ggg_a.
ceCo gg eua uguoo assasc _osq gegsLe
LLLeoas ss Coeu. gg euao eLaqs_squ
L_ss o_ssas_squ _ueuaa __ ue_ae __zeos
saLea. _gmac ocoaac ggLLL CucgaL
OLacac CsaLLaLeL oeeuaass se__a. __e
302 303
mecoas gg eua_gc q mgLeo C_aegagLe,
ussc _e_ uqg_ mss_gLe meLgg_ _eoLLLLe.
Lcoauzssessae _asou sgg gu gaL ussce
ncc_gc gg eua_e_ ueu qCag ogoes Oe_a.
ggaame nLeaas )ss Coea LeeLa
CsaLLasce geeea ga )_g eo__a. asac sauc
u_ga gg Lccea ggmea. gg eua_e_ =L
_eeaass __gq g cgsao_e_ noass nggLL_g
ussc ncc_gc _e_ Lao Oea _oe Oe_a. gg
Lcc oco _eLgg gaceLmc sc_maasqu me
Lcseos s_suas uagag.
gga _zac _zasc, ggaa s_ggzu OLgo_gqu
e__aao g__asecL q_go_gqu o _gga
O_ae oez OLu _eoozassag uLucoauc
nos_ge _ssa_ _eooscc qozasqu sguL
Oe_g.
mzuu ae eeLue secsc noOsaqu ncce.
_ogge _ou ggaame _euso gL noOsaqu
Lzmag. e_ gaLo euaascae gg euau, OLc__
euau, CLaegoggc OLagggcc _gqs s_oasce
ugLeL OocsOsaez oeeL OLgO_aeLaggag.
oeeLue uegmac scmL Lcc (Esoteric School), gga
uegmaeo (Occultism) ggaamc uLueg Cueo
gaLgu usL mz__uassag.
oeeL e_ gaLo eua ossaasec Cueo
gascc Lzmag. O_agc OLaLsaLseco zas
_eu__g. sC_ assu, Laca moas_ _eL, ug mosq
_geuas scmea Lccuc CLag__c, usc scmeaL
LzL_c, c___gmeeuea _sgg_c uggu L_a _egea
qg__c CLaeg _uLcsec g_ assu Oeg og_g.
__eLa scm ggoeasc ggaL LeLaLeLu,
seosecu LzLu euaascas_ gs_g_e. e_
gascgu Cueo gascgu gg CogLaLLac
ussceLCa OogLeq Osa_gg mL cmg_CLag
_e__ _c_g nosc ccCoau nLemggC_aCz ceg
CsaLLaLeL nezo Oe_ eu_go_e_ geo gaLL
_aegg.
omassu q euauasCoa, ea)a assuasCoa
_cog _eLmmeo eag__asCoa _euggssmceo.
uagas ccoa euaas_u qCz neeueaL CLagssege
ceLC_ omass_ge s__aqu. LcCog euaasec
eagC_asc oeas_ge ngLmesc _easc. ggasc
q_ge_sc _coOoegu _osc OLagLcc ue_
sOcegu _os_sqo s_ggzu o_asLLLc Coeu
ceLgu _ueuaame s_gscaqu.
ooagas oeeL Loogscgu gga m_eosqu,
e_s uguoosqu, gaLamgqu eLagag LaLL
og_g.
10. 0. ssggqs sgs sg
oa_s g cuuae, g_
eoa_g gaLOocoau
_a_qgg ogeu u
m_eo _ogs OsLL
La_LL geg _aCua
Laz_ C_e_ _eee
oa_mss og_ sagg
usa_ual g oa_sl oa_s.
ce usasm Lazgaazac LazaLLLLLL usa_ua
saggeaL Lgg gau _gog uso gg__aqu. _eusca,
Csae_sca, ge_sca _aso _Luc _oggg,
_cocLL coqmeuueg cc oa_gC_au. gga
ussec ceegu, Oocoe_gsq Osaez gaag
ne___o. _suee oggeg, m_eo OLgg_ _g_ usae.
304 305
_e OggeaL CLag__ nos n__usc omeeuCo,
naoae L_e_L OLggo saggasc. C_e_ _ge_ ceg
ggazac Lae_C_a _e_ssLLu LeLac. _oeLa
oa_ses, neeuaaeg, cceuaaeg, ue_ e_gsqu
us__ae LaLuas cegu mcaqog _qu.
o aos -_u _e _sCLaL gasc z-_u gac
qgza_ggcc CLaLg_mc mgg_a. sagg ceLg quLL
OLa. saL sagg ceg _e_ssLLLL szueg_ saggsqu,
_goLa _ueuaasqu gaesaog q_ge_aasL
mgg_oCz Cuase_au szueg_ sagg ceL_aqu.
I0. o. I. mo+m+ms @msmnn_mm
Lsqu sao_gc qoeLa esOa__g O_coasqu,
g__uasqu ss Coeu. _LLL L_ss Osacog
gcog. LccL Lo_gc sagg _u esOa__gsq _oocq
_ssa_gou Osassauc g_a. mgsao_gc __gsas
_o oggea. gco esOa__gu LLme q
LqgCaceLe_ _o uss_sq oog_g og_a.
sagg LaLL __sasec _ssegCaa L_g og_C_a
_ge_aamLugg __sasecu _o_C_a L_g
og_a. _ooag _o L__ q gc zoee mg Lsg
gaLsu ceLg. _ggoogg OLgCgascLu q mcec
cg_ _cmgq La_C_au, LsgCaau, LeCLau,
Lae_C_au gLgg Osacc Coeu ceLe_ _ggg
OsaeLa.
_u ceuL Lo_gCo saggue ue_e_ usqu
Lag__ q gaLsu _meggze _qu. _g_ gaLs_e_
_ss La__a. _a_u cg_ geougu OLaCa CLes
aLag ceg _usqc ngg Oeg OsaeLa.
g oagCoCa cuu__u euu_u ceg ceeu _o
Ogc LgggmLLg.
saggasc _eg -og oagc sugmLaea ueg_a.
__e me O_aLgg scm Luega. sagg nascmssas
asoagg Oeco mumea. _eac, usqu _eazuas
g_ _o _eee _oez _aq __LL muLmceo.
_aq Oeegac _o La_LL moa ces sgea.
_eac sagg, _au asoagg Oeegac ugeou,
uaue_e_u, mg uageeau _gCo O_aLuaLCLe ce
e_ga oasq _c__a. asoagg Oeco __ugssLLLLa.
o_ssg (Barrister) LLLu OLgg ggaa gumea.
saggasc o saou zagCsaLgu, LuLaugu
o_ssgzasL Lcaaggea. me q uoaua ggoeu
eaLas O_eeaLmmssa Oeega. _aq Oocecasc
ggas_sq e_squ eecsecs se _eugL
CLazaLL_e_ _zum__a. _e mecoas ggsqL guLae
eLLasc _aCs _sggLLLLe. _aq oa_g_ gga
uss_sq_ _eeumsesea mLea. _osc _oeu
_m_g, )eu cg_g neeuaga n_mea.
O_eeaLmmssamc _aeLouaa ggOogs Osaeuea
_sgg usa_ua _gga O_ae _cmLs ag _aag.
I0. o. z. @][m mqsmm mo+m+qm
s+-_u _e sagg ggaamgq_ gumea.
_LCLag __c nosLCLa O_aLasag. _asCoa Cuc
OsaeL gumsesue Lac ggasec LCLamc =LL
q_ge_squag CsLsOsaeLa. me sa-_u _e
_aso _zs ggas_sq Coea egessec
_cssmceo. me _zs OzcoL eLL_e_ uss_eLa
mLL_ggq cgzas gegCoggag. e_s se usa_ua
sagg Co_eegg ussec Coeo gg__u Oeao
Oeaeea. Leamc geoeu uso Cs _eLg_g.
306 307
CLassaoo eLL_e_ _zs mzsLeL L_gag. Ogezc
eLa _u_ezc gs_g_ gaoae oaoaLas LOsaeosq
sazeuas usa_ua sagg mmLLaeaamLugg ggeau
Cgeueau ggu cgLass _aag ceg _qsq
og_a. gg-_uou qggeuea noass g ass_e_
_zum__a. __eac gco Loe sLag.
szo-c Laosasa_z gos uegqsqL me usa_ua sagg
saaszue _eoeuea ggga. o, mee Lo _eg
gaL goe sgL Lo CLazaLLascc =LLo eg
Oeega. o zeLaog oLL Cueg uagaLc sogg
Osacc asoagg Oeeg mmLLaea _ze CLassagu
ggaa gumea. ggaLgqs s_gueg z__ueg
s+-_u _e _suL gasc -_u gac m_eo
OLgg_ _g_a. m_eo OLgg_ _g_ g_ n__uez ga_gzau
CsaLC= mza__eeuc =LLsOsaeg_CLag geom
o-_u gac s+a-c sLs Osaegae.
o OocecaCe OocCag ceg assu,
q_ge_aaeu assu, sC_ assu, nLo e_gaaszs
assu CLaeg LcCog assasec gL_gea. ozg
Lcsc LcCog gegsec_ __mccC_a qoOoa
gegsqu ga Osaceseau geL_eg Oggsecu
_cggcce. eLuguc g _zu_e_ ggm_ _ug
Osaceseau, CsaLLasecu gL_gs saL, _eo
geL_egsq qooa_ Oogu ozL_ __goasc _eg
geL_eg oa_qsq nsg_eo _au ce gqm__a.
mo+m+ - 0o+m mmom
usa_ua ceLg __g_ OLa_eLag. _g Oogu
usae c_u OLacc uLu _LasssLLL_eg. usa_ua
ceLg OLma __ua ce_u OLa_eLag. sLqc OLma
__ua Oeagsma Oeog sLqc. sLqccac Oeagsma
Oeac OeCoau usa_ua _o. usa_uassc _usOseg
oa_a_o. mgsOseg oa_Lo.
usae c_u OeacgsqL OLmao ceg OLac. .g
nos o_sq. usaescac ggOeac gs___c au. Oeagsma
Oe_c _mg.
usa_ua ceL_gq _ugc _sc ceL_aqu. _eg
q_ss_gg gg_ _gCoaez _sc ceg Oeacog _u_
o_sq, sqgg _sc, caCsa _sc, _goe _sc,
oa__zsc. LLe__sc cege_LLg _u_ o_sq.
uaeL e_go qggeu
nuscL_gc _e Co@u
O_o_e ceg _aeg__ Coeu
ceL_gCsgL oa_g_o saggasc. ccoa
nuscL_gu egoe gssug gegggLL_ac nosgcc
ccCoau nLe mgg_aCza ceg s_e_ Louas
_Cuag__a. e_ _LLeLaass OsaeCL _suee
CsaLLaLeL oog_gea.
10. . 2. 1. ac_u _uaam
gaLsqma ages oa_Co sC_aOueL_aqu. q
gaLsq acLa _euggcc Ouag, L_ss o_ssasc
q_ssu, _zs, _gu, neq, neL __oa aaqu qega
Ceg_C_ sC_auaqu. sC_aOueLg gug eua oa_mc
m_eo OLgo_aqu. _e _ou _eus_ geguc
egaeeL OLg _u ceLg _ozg s_g. gg-_uou
qggeu, )eLaeu __oaequ sC_aCuaaqu. q
gaLc oa_u ussc _eeou q ue_e CLac oa__c
Coeu. mgLLaCoa Cog c_eaCoa Coggeu gsge,
_g gaLeL_ geLamu. __oac ussc ue qggeu
sC_a_ge nu CLaegg.
ue_e _e eu ue_eLu Cga_e_s saLL_ _eg
g_ee, Oeac _ou uLu _coauc Oeac _o_u saLL
Coeccg. __gq qCz nee_uae og _o_eLa
308 309
ne_Lsq ugLLc_g, _oe ngL_g Oeu OLacsec
oaasL LaeL_gog. g ages gagCaa eeg_
_uuaqu ceLg saggasc s__aqu. ggaame
_gOsgu szauu. ggaa szauascc _ae oa_sgg
ceLg saggasce s__aqu. Cocaeeuea
__eeu_ O_agoa OsaeL szauasec _eeg_g,
s_u, szaus es_O_aggu gss LaLLLa. mggaLL
OLacsec _m_g ggaL OLacsec
LaeL_goe_Ca qgsCsacass OsaeLa.
sC_ assu _ou _asCoamLu ueuagg_e_
neLass, _eugL zLea gau Osae oz _g_g.
neeeL CLac ne _aoaeeu Cg ceg Cas
OLuaee aggsq ue_ Cgao Oeac gLL mcssuaso
sC_ _eug_g. ggu Ogequ _gu OLgg
Cocaeeusq eeO_agoa uage. ue_ ne_Lsq
ugLs aag. oacs_gc Cgeu gumag. _eeaLsq
m_gLLg. seoequ, ue_ Cga_u g_ sC_
ass__ac _e___e.
10. . 2. 2. au;o__um
sC_a_ge samaCu sazaggauaqu. sazaggau
ceLg qoOoaou nmeu OLgog. gauasqa
qacCoau cega. ggaqssze. sa _L ceg
mgLmeu cega Laosasa_z gos.
gu gaLc )eLLLLaC_au nmeu OLgCo, gae
sazaggau ceL_gq OsaeL OLac cesga
saggasc. sazaggau sLqcagu OsassLLo_eg
_e_ gusq gaCu _aeg OLg_c Coeu. sazaggau
Csae_sce neLeuaeg. _.g _ea Oge sLeu.
sazagga_gsq _LLeL _s_geu. _s_geuucoa
qoe Lo Css_sq _euaaoae. nosc c_gee
CL OLaueu, OLagaeu, ggu, sauu __oaogggq
_euscas ggsege. _eegu m_eo _eLog
@m sazaggaOueL_aqu. osazaggau OLgCo ussc
LeLssLLsgasc. go sazaggau gusq egaeu
aa__aqu. gu nLgsq_ )aq ozag saLLg CLao gu
gaLsqu _ac gaLLozac )aq ozauc sa__c
_oauaqu. ga _e_ ga ceL_gq ggL gaLe ug
__e O_aeeu, LeLa, scm, eua_ge ugu Lggs
Osae mgmLugg __ees saLLC_ gsazaggau
_qu.
10. . 2. J. noco_um
seLa_squ seL_ C_ggu ceg gae zuse s_ge
_LLeLuc e_s_gc ncc _eeou gou
OLgoC_ eCoa_au ceLg saggasce s_g.
e__aa_ge seLgeouc LLosc _zac,
OLaca_az, e_s eua_ gegscc gggu OLgoC_ _e
Cgassuaqu.
ccoau ccoa_u OLg Coeu - aq
coa_a coa_ geo Coeu
ceLC_ _e eazaueuaqu.
10. . 2. 4. _am.n
_ - _uee = __uee. _ ceL_gq ceo ceLg
OLac. _uee ceL_gq geLu ceg OLac. __oac
_suee ceLg geLu e_ssaeuu, mg gusq geLu
e_squOLa_g __ee _eLac OLag_gs
OsacoC_aaqu. g_ee, Oeac, Oeac u_egagu nosc
oa_u coqusqu )aq geeaa_gu _sueeCa.
_sueeaaeg _e_c _e, zssu, ___aLu, Lmq,
_oeueeu CLaeg ggLesec nccLssag. _g Cugu
neeuea nccLass Osaeccg.
_sueesqL CLzaggc C_eo. _eaeu C_eo.
310 311
neeu C_eo. sm Osae mgez_ _ass _acLoe
_ggc neLaoe _coe. _oe _oe__ac __u
_aaqsgoe. ceCo, _suee _eaeuue nouc
goqoC_aaqu. _suee nu _ggc oag_g. nuzaggc
ncc qo_sq esuc __u C_eouceo. _g
uze_gsq _ea_oe Lgg gLsqu _qgeLag.
_uee _a_euuc Osae CLa mu. _suee
ceLg sLqc eaeLag. _oeLa n_m OLg
Coeuaeac _a_euCaau, seCoau _omLu _@s
Coeu ceLg saggasce s_g.
ue_e nLoeg, nu _oe _eee nuOzeg
gee__ac _oeL_gc acLasCo _suee mcaqu.
_suea _uu ue__sqma ages _gu. _esq )aq
e_ss cg_ ue__u nLeLL uaLLae. g ue_ ac.
omaceLCaae mgsqu )ase_ss uaLLae.
geeLLaCec _ggeeL agessq uagLLL_aqu.
_eeeL CLao mgezu sg_c ue_eg ac.
_e_u eosgu LmgC_au uagCLao,
ue_u eosgu gum oa_ue
cega g__ss C_o. ggeo cga OLmCaa
nccCu _eLoe negmLuaqu
c_geeu CL__ga O_oqug _u_uCLac
cec ncCc
q_gmeueLoza nossega aaozo
ncg_ae s__
_goa cuOLuae gLumu LOue gae
O_mgC_e _g_
m__s _u _sCsoc mggL ce ge_us
me_g_ _aCoa
ceg _c Ouageau gau ngg Cgassc Coeu.
_suee nag_ __gouaqu. __aog ue_e, moaq
uggu _aozasc _sa ccoa numeas_squ _eua
ne ceLC_aaqu.
_suee ce_u aug c_uCLag, Leseu, ggu,
sa_L __oa csc ue_ee mL _segmu ceLg
saggasce OeuOuagaaqu.
__oac _sueeaaeg _eu esgsqL LaeLog,
mzu ceg Lesq _LLeLaaeg gaas neeo
ocLLg ceL_aqu.
oaa Luezs seL CLaO_coau oaCee ceg
zauoas soausc s_gu __esaC_.
10. . 2. 3. n__uoa;_m
e_aasz_u ceg Oeaceo e_a-_sz_ ceL mm_gL
OLac Osaccc Coeu. sLqec neeu te_aui _ou
negg Lggs Osac__c t_sz_i ceoau. _eu,
_eee__aCe geg_gs Osac__gu tneeaCgaei
ceg zeu eegg OeacLoC_ e_gaa sz_u _qu.
_g _ugc neeueas seLLm__c ceL_aqu.
neeussas ggu ueoeoeueg _eaas geg
_goguc CLamLc e_gaaszsu ceLLu. Fight for the
right cause.
egs Osacesec ggg ocg_ saggasc sLqec
nouae qegas_ _ae seLa. sLqCc neeu (God is
truth) ceLe_ uagg neeuCa sLqc (Truth is God) ces
OsaeLa.
sLqc ceg Oeac aaosqu qCz OLaec_ _o_as
ceo. _eac nccg ceg OLac _u Truth qCz
OLacc ccCoazagu CLeLLsgg. sLqc LLe_
312 313
gggsOsacca_os_u neeu ceLe_ gggs
Osacoasc. sLqc ceg Oeaceoo OeacguCLag
neLaseg CogLasc neeu, e_au (Truth) ceg
OeacguCLag neLaogceo. ceCo, nccg (Truth) te_i
ceLg qoes qggeuea neLasqu Oeac ceg
OsaeLa.
sLqc gumses neLaoscLu aL _ssLqecL
Lgga ceeascc s_g CogLasc ncce. Cugu,
o sLqc ceg __go_e_Ca gggs Osacogceo. ceCo
sLqc ceg Oeacgu CLag CogLa ocoe_u e_au
ceg Oeacgu CLag qggeu neq CuCoaaqoe_u
saggasc seLa. _eeCa _o e_aasz_u ceg
Oeacoac _g_cea. __gqo e_ga_ge _ggc (Truth
force) ceg mcssu _eu_gs OsaeLa saggasc.
e_ga_ge _ggeo (Truth force) _eus _ggoasa
_emeac OLgoau ceg _qsqu og_a.
gu _eCeasc gOggea neeuOgg cegu
_cOgg cegu gOgg cegu, gcoag cegu,
eeuassu cegu _e___e. nusq nLc
c__eeuaC_a ___eeueLag oa_mgqo e_gaasz_u.
saggasc ceuuc OsaeL _aae, )eLaeuuc
OogL, oaeu, q_ss_ggeq __oae _ozg
e_gaaszs oa_mgqo eazuas _eug_g.
Cugu e_gaaszs_ge Cgeueau, OLeueau
ne_g _oez mgsso Oe_g. Cas mzaee ueoL
mzeasCu _qu. tga ggLai _eeCa saggasc.
sgug ga_me ueoLOLageo aae oa__CLag, _ggcc
t)euea_i )euaac cg_g ggs CoeLau. qoe neee
oog see_gc _egg_ac, _o_sq ug see_e_u
gLms saL tu_C_ :si ceLe_u nasc e_sscc
_e aasc, nueu ueeLL_gsgos_ssas OgL
Oeasc, LLo Oe_ac LzCoas_gossg nasc
m_aqsqu mcecscauLdsc. tu_C_ :++-i ceLe_s
seL Coecuc cesq us_o ozumegL OLaas_ _gum
ogg_g. oOoee_e_ me Lso_ e_eaL L__
CLagu negC_e. __e me LacuLa c_ga LzCoas
zagau ne_cc_gssgg c_u gc Lsuz__ac CLac
Lgao Oe_g, ceg _u saeme_uc mcsqsga.
saggasecL LeL_ga __gOuag cg_
gaLeezu, noCsaezu LeL__c Coeu. __oac
neeuue oguc geg, _goguc geg )euea
OocgoC_ e_aasz_u _qu.
I0. o. 1. oqq+m 6osmom
_[_ _am .m
gg-_uou qggeusqL OLuLaLLLo sagg,
LcCog eua__o. e__oscLu qggeuea geo gaLL
og_ _cac ccCoau nLemgg_a ceg neqLe
oa_ Coeu ce mumea. LcCog Lascc
gg- _uou CLazaLLasc ggLL Lo num_g_e.
usa_ua sagg omLasLq Oeeg _eugea geo
gaLea.
q+gqnnr6:+1 q;m m;
_a___LLLCLa oa_me _zu naz _azag LaLLLa.
Lcoauz _esaouaso eagLLaqLaLc mg_ gec__
ggssc _a___LLLCLaez_ _ezsqegoas gL_ge.
_oa_ge nc ge_a _osc __ugssLLL mceo.
_oscLu saeLLLL _LOLeeasec_ _m_g, _o
sec _oa_ggqc __ugss Coeea. )eLaeuea
cg_g nz__qzc c_Lmea. _a___LLLCLaez, _meeasc
ceL OLamL _e___a. _mge ceg Oeg__aec_
314 315
O_aLas _a___LLLCLame _zu nazCoeu ceg s_g
_Lasa sLezsec c_gea.
0nooms [sm m;
OLe@meu OLgqu, _esCca emgs euaeuas
_osec gL__qu OLmgu LaLLLa. _esc __Lm__
nmeusc _ee_e_u OLesc OLg Coeu ceL_gsas
_azag ne___a. OLesc _eeou scmOLg
CoeOueLe_ usqu oog_gea. _oeLa e__aa
_zac Lcscc Lo OLesc =LLg_e.
mmm
ug ussce nLc goee, q_ss_e_, OLaca_az_e_,
uegoeeL OLmgu LagLL_ac, gc Le_e_ OeomLs
aLaO_es sagg sgea. _sCo, ugmosqs
CsaLLaLeLs seuaas _zs oog__ CoeOue
mumea.
omm qsom
ue_ee _gaaeueas seogg _geo mcss
_oeg oa_eo Cgeuaac Oeg__ocoog scm.
_aOuague og mcecs_sq scm Luggc us
_ssauaeg. _aOuagea _ougLLg gaL_ _gOsaeo
aaqu. _aOuag og scmsgg _gq mcasLOLgg mee
nosc ncc OuagsecOacoau sgsoau ceLg
saggasce s__aqu.
m_m, :m, msqm q_+so]q mm16m
ommm+m. eega scm_eg Laeggg ces sagg
agea. uqg_ OLaL Oeoqcc scm ccoasqu
seLsss aa_eg. q_ge_sce g_Coa qLa scm
goegs agea. _LLeLsscms Osa__a.
O_aggscmCaa aa scm_ae gaLsq gou Lass
aa scm cessagg sgea. __u ocz_u, _gqu
ocz_u, _gCo scmue oco cega.
cm.aqoz_J_oamum
sagg, CueogaLL Lacuc ggaa O_agc
uauaoe_ muLmceo. o LcCog OLagsce
geeOsae OLacsec ngL_g Oeo_ac, Lo
Cocaeeu eag_ O_agcsec _squ geo ggLsgg.
_eac o _eeegqcc qee_ O_ageo __m__a.
g Losq CoeooaL _cssgg. o Coeo
gg___e_u, s_oeLLeLu cg__a. szauL
OLaca_azu _aeuL OLaca_azuaqu. _ee geo__
OLaca_azu cequ ago.
mo+m+ o+][ms mo0m+gom
. ccoau nLemggC_a _eeoeLa goCe oa_me
qgsCsacas _eu_c Coeu.
z. nosu qeCg, _g ue_ nccascagu _aascagu
neeuaasCo qegas Coeu.
. ccoau us_oea _eLaame, guuc cozu
us_oeaL OLg _aag.
+. nosu qegLLame, oqosc oa_gg gau cg_
eL_e_u _eLa _aag.
_ oqq+m [mssom
sagg, _ug uegqsq _ee _ssao_gc gom og_
g_ e__aa_)meesecs ag, _oggee _sggL
LaLLLa.
. Osacesucoa _zac z. ne_Lmcoa Oecou
316 317
. ueoeaegcoa us_o +. Lemcoa _gq
. gaeaucoa oacLu o. ue_ acmcoa_ _gmac
. gaasucoa ogLa
@6;+m _g[sm _smnqom
ggaL ussce g_euea _sgga_oez,
_Czassau oa_mgCsgg g_geosec uss_sq
_eu_g_ _og _osCc. _omg _egsecL meLgg
_og_Co _eu_gs Osacogu aoa_ qeg ces
agea. Lm_u _o _ug _zu_gc _Czassao
g_eo _euss cca _egsecs esaaeLa. ggaL
ussc O_aesuc OLu Lqgaae szau ussc meLggs
aa _eguc saggue _Czassao g_geo _euLsc
ncce.
n;ssor [1q
g_eueau Coeoueeueau CLass _o seL
og esaac gggc, Og_c, qee_ O_agcsc
CLaeg es_O_agcsecL gLm__c, CueogaLLa
u_eguee ccc gesaaeagu, ggasc
_e gLeL negg es_O_agcsecL CLc
oc__e, gga_ _LLOoLL geo eosLq ggg_as
_euggg_g. ge_ n_osc _ec qgLmLL
saoascc LumL _aaeuaac _osc es_O_agcscc
=LLLe. eo OLacac #guc La_eLaeoas
g_e.
@m[so6m+qsm]q m+gq
sagg cca _LuLzucoa oa_q gL_guL
ggas_sq _gqg_gea. agesCaa eag_ cca
Oeages _egsec q__a_, oa_Co nLgsqu
ncc_gsqu gou Lasss aag ces agea. ages
u_go _egCa nLgsq mg Oeaa_ _eg CueogaL
uggsc Laeggeo ceLg ozg _q. nLgsq mLLu
_u cca neq _egeaL meLggo Oeaeea.
or mgn+
_eeou _eu =CLggu OLgCoeOue sagg
mumea. aLogLaL _eg egeeo uLueg
qggeueeou ussceLCa C_aggm__g.
usa_ua saggue us__ae oa_mgu Lcscgu
gga uguoo coOzuL szu CLaeg nagg ggLe_s
saeoau.
ommm
ue_e O_o_C_a O_aL Osae oa_u
e_aasszs oa_Co eua oa_OoeLg. ue_eLu moaq
_eeuu ne. ue__ _eeuu ne, _eeeae_s
secgg, meeeae_ mcaso Oeog euauaqu. _eee
ne_gu euauaqu. euau ceLg q_ssu. gau
q_ss_geeg _ogeac eua Oggueg mg_gozasCgau.
eua_ge eazu q_ssCu. euaucoa oa_q Lggs
Csacoa_g. Lggs Csacoa oa_q, sssaecoas sLLc
CLaegg.
gug euau _sueeea _LLeLaass OsaeLg.
_.g _emeg Cogceo. _eOLee sgg__aezu,
geLezu uLu CgLL_eg. uaggaezu CgLLg _e.
e_gau q eua Co__gsq uLu nma
neLeuaeg
qzaee ggLgc cesqo ggu _assuceo. eLmc,
Ogg_ _ou_a, szg_aeasL, __ eue gcsc __oa cuu_
gcsecu aae ggCLe. uegOuag q gaLsCsa, q
oqLsCsa uLu nma_eg
318 319
gau _eeou qCz Lzu m_ame mcecsc.
_Lm_aeo _gg, _uou, sgugoe ce OooCog
OLazac CLaggsgasc.
cu u_Cua cggaCLa _ggsqu, OLaeusqu,
Osaeosqu Lg_uaue, _g _uue ug _gssLLu.
sLqc qcaaussga. cauceo, sLqc _e,
Leseuaeg sLqc neeu, OLaeuaeg, sLqc
qoCz OLmao.
Cugaga aaqu euau Lgg saggasce
s_gsCcaaqu.
_gOgg ceg m_ggqo euau ceg g
oassLLLame _gogg Oe oczag. _gOgg ceg
_LLeLucoa_ euau _ggC_ CLaqu. _sCo, zeu
eegC_ Oeco Coeu ceLg saggue s_g.
_gOggea _zaoc q_g Oogg seLo
saggasc. _zagu, OLacagu _gOggue
LagLLL_as _eu_c Coeu.
ggaas, ncc_e__ geuaas eo_gLLC_
q_ssu. q_ss_e__ _za_ scmueac q La_u ceo
ceLg saggasce _eess _aa_ gumsesaaqu.
ue_ qou saggasce _suee oguc Oeeg
nee_ geoea c_ Coeu.
q_om
scmagme Lae q_ssuaqu. Le@c Lueg
qoe q_ssucoa_oeaue _oe scmaace _sae.
gCo Luoag qoe q_ss_eLaoeaue _oe
scmaac easgae. gegsq m_g gcOoa_sss
scmCaaaqu. _eeCa oc_o OLg_es.
q_ss_geac cgo Cueeu cesga. sgg _g
qego_e_ _LLazaue, ugOgcoaogegu _g_ozao
cegu, Oogu gLsscm ue_eg q_ss geoea
na_go_asa ceLgu - q_ss oco _sscmueegg
_e_g ggLO_eLgu. ceg oa_mc cesq gegas
_gqg_gussege ceg scme q_ss_C_a
eaL_g saggasc agcca. oc_oL
OLg_esu
q_ssu m_LLu _zoae q_ssu
num_u guL LLu
cesga. saggasc _egm_uae q_ssasec
oog_gsga. __aog _eue_ q_ssu, cog q_ssu,
e__aa q_ssu ceLeoaqu. _o _eg qzaqsce
oauoas gusq q_ss_e_ _gqg_gsga.
)aogegs CsLsaC_
)aogegL LassaC_
)aogegL CLeaC_ - ceLC_aaqu.
@sm qs6s[m
_eu _eCegg_ggq __sL LLLac _eu aeu
es aLaO_egu, __gq oa_qL LugCa
egaeuaaO_egu oog_gsga saggasc. _eu
_eCeggu ceLg _gme LagLLLC_. egoee Lgga
Ouaeu OLguOLa_g _eua _eCeggu _eLsgg.
_eu _eCeggu _eLa nLc gou CLec
_oau. me ue gou CLe Coeu. nLgu ue_u
qaseeu OLa_g _eu _eCeggu _eLsgg.
moase acmogg ue_e O_ogeosq uago_aqu.
smazs see_aee _eeCa us__eeu _ggg
O_o__eeu OLgg ueu eagg _eLsgg cesga.
_eu _eCegg_ggq ue_geu, mzuuoemau,
neeaCgae, Osacoaeu, sccaeu, sc neeaeu, mg
uee Cgassa CLzaeeu CLaege nggee mu ceLg
ngg.
320 321
g mss
_. 1_ m1omm ms:mm
. uguoo ceLg aag
z. _asos scm _egaac ggLLL geeusc
zeees ags.
. mzuu euag_e_ C_aggm__o aa
+. soau _aaeg_zac ggL__LLLL _euLme OLa
cee
. soau _aaeg_ c_ga _magc cg
o. _ma euagu agu e_LL_g_c cegac cee
. zau sqeme L aa
a. mzuu ae eeL aazac C_aggmssLLLLg
s. usa_ua saggue agOLa cee
o. usa_ua - Oeac mcssu _s.
. gaL m_eosq usa_ua sagg CugOsaeL _gLCLa
_egsc aaeo
z. scm Lgg saggasce s_gsecs ags.
. gg _uou qggeusq saggasce Ceeoeas
ag.
+. ugmosq Lgg u_a_ua agoe aaeo
@. q_ n[ _mmm _mm n m1o_ mo+mm
ms:mm
. LgOeLLau gggaee eLssao_gc ggaame
geo cooag g_g
z. _asCoa _L, scm_ gLLu OLesce geo
naz _gga Lcsec mom.
. _ma euagu - mcssu _s.
+. _ma euag_ge scmL Lcea mom.
. soau _aaeg_ Lgg ugLd _s
o. usa_uame ceuL Lou Lgg gm _goe aaeo
. __ueesq saggasce mcssu aag
a. e_aassz_u Lgg saggasc agoe aaeo
@. q_ no _mmm _mm qnn m1o_ mo+mm
ms:mm
. ggaamc g__ ass_ggsae sazcsec_
O_aq_gs ag
z. mzuu euag_ge Osacessec mom.
. _ma euag_ge CsaLLasc aaeo
+. mzuu ae eeL Lggu, __e CsaLLasecL Lggu
mom.
. zausqe ass_ge Cgassasc, qgsCsacsc
mom.
o. mCosaeg_ OLaeOuagsecs ags.
. sC_ assu Lgga saggue s_gsec mom.
a. sazaggau Lgga saggue s_gsec mom.
s. aL ogLa Lgg saggue s_gsec mom.
o. q_ssu Lgga saggasce s_gsec mom.
322 323
o. +s no+o_ mo+mm ms:mm
. gga g__ assascac ggLLL mecqsec_
O_aq_g c_g.
z. zagazau Cuaseza _osce oa_seseau,
_ozg _ma Ceeoeau mom.
. _ma euag_ge OeacLasc, e_s, e__aa Ceeosc
mom.
+. mCosaeg_ oa_ses ozoagegu, Osacessecu
e__aa Ceeosecu mom.
. usa_ua saggue oa_seseau, _ozg _ma
Osacessecu mom.
o. g__ assasc C_aego_gsae sazeasecu,
mecqsecu, __e sazcsecu O_aq_g c_gs.
324
11. ys msqgg
@ggsm Gss
sao Oocc_gc __go OecoLLLauc egu u
gLuas geo OLggLLC_ ggaL LeLa. Lo _eeaL
LeLOaLscagu, zLscagu euaL _ecscagu,
agesue LagLscagu, Cueo gaL_ _ass__agu,
_gggCLasauc egu ceu uaga geouc gg
osgg ggaL LeLa.
11. 1. g gsQs @gg msQ
OLc__ eua_u gg eua_u e_gasce Lo
Lqgscc s.m. oo-ogg oo oez Lzmug_e_ ozoag
_ou _gseCgau. gg euau O_eeggaamoggu,
OLc__ euau oL ggaamoggu LLqgs_sq
Oeege. _Ceas sao_gogg LLqgs_sq Oeege.
_Ceas sao_gogg OLc__ euas q_ssc u_ga
_aame Lo Lqgs_sqo Oeeg OLc__ uLaoaasec_
C_aggm_g OLc__ eua_e_L LzLme.
s_sq gssu_aeogg (Turkestan) eaoez
Lzmug_g. LLqgscc _s_ oazaouc uLaoaasc,
ugmsc, scOoLsc, esOa__g mzgsc CLaegeosce
OLc__ _gLasc semssLLLLe. gOL_gc g_au
gggaec OLc__ euau _g_sLL__LLLLg. qeL_au
gggaec gOL_ga _zesc Lo ggasecu gOL_ga
_gsecu aLeo_g euus_ Ouaguog_
OLc__ eua gcsec gOL_ga Ouaguc Osaeg_e.
OLc__ euau s.m __oau gggaec Luamgqc
ge_g_g. me _aq geoOLggg, Luamc
gggssessae OLc__ m_azasec egu sae_sgg.
325
eamc gaesau gggaec guLg OLc__ euus_
gcsc eOuaguc OsaezLLLLe. eamogg OLc__
euau gaesau gggaec Osamaamgq Oeegg. me
_asgg _g gLLa_sq Ooq CosuasL Lzmag.
_CeaseLa _agaac oaesugu OLc__ euau
Ooq CosuasL Lzm geoaae _eeueaL OLggg. gg
eua_u eaosu, Lao, CLaeCaa, uCoaa, eaau, suCLaaa
euLa CLaeg e_ gascc Lzm _aq _eg _gss_e_
Oeg_gag. ogegOacoau Lo ozoagg eaegs_u
_s_oaza os_u scOoLs_u, ossaas_u, __q
seos_u L_ss o_ssas_u gusq us_ O_coas
c_gsaLsege. eua gcs_u, scOoLs_u,
ossaas_u __qs seos_u, L_ss o_ssas_u
gusq usO_coas c_gssaLsege. eua gcs_u,
__qs seos_u ggaame eua gcscae Co_asc,
nLgL_asc, mz samaasc, Lso_ e_, OLc__ eua
gcsc eo _ee_gu Cueo gaL e_ gaL
Ouagscc Ouagaassu OeaLLL noOsaqu Lzme.
ggas sLLLsseo, gmasseo, ee, gLeu, gLsseo
ogeg Cueo gaLLa LazaLagLe _LLacsec _aq
q__qu _eoLLLLe.
II. I. I. 0nmq ommm
e_ gascc OLu OecoasqLe egu gs_gg
oog OLc__ euau. _g C_aega gaLc gLLae
geoea OLggzam_u, ggascc geoaae L_e_
OLggccg, oeuau oog_gu __uees CsaLLa
_eeozagu egu CLaggL s_LLL gggsOsaccL
LLccg. oeua_e_ suggOeeg OLc__ ggmsc
_ggas_sq ggaLe LeLaL gasmss agsecu
__qsseoL Lacsecu, L_ss o_ssasecu nLe
sugg Oeege.
egoee _eLa gg euau _eg _ssa Oggsec
agsegg. _eo _egCa ae uassu t_gq Oggi su
uassu tsLeu Oggi Lsg uassu t_e Oggi
ceLLLeo.
oa_mc ocuOLgg egoe gosec _eLa g_
_eg Oggs_u uso gg_eo ces s_LLsege.
gOggsec Cueo gaL_ __go aes_u euao
eaeCgas_u LazaLsege.
II. I. z. omm_qqm qm_m
euus_ Ouaguc ncc sac_aeee gaLsasc,
zauaaeu, usaLaz_u CLaeg mz samaasc, Lso_e_
nLgL_asc, Co_asc CLaegeo Cueo gaL Ouagscc
Ouag OLassLLL _oggc OLagggcc eua, __gos
s_gssec CLagg LazaL nosCu meLgg _acsegg.
sac_aeee eaqg_o gaLs_u zauaae_u egu
noOsaqu gaLsascas gssLLL osege. oc_oe
_eee nos_sCs _gg oaes_ OsaeL _u_ga.
gsqgc nos_ge _ssa Ouagscc Ouag
OLassLLLLg, gusq uqg_ OLeuea _csss aa
qeg. Oguaea_ __go aescasa sC_uCsaLLca,
msCL O_sc CLaeCga euus_ Ouaguc =ssLLL
gga ossaasec Lueg _oggac _aasc OLgg _gqo
Oeco_ggsas ggaaeo usqu LazaLccasc.
ueusqu ugeusqu _eugeau _eg__e_u
_Leo nLgL_asc ce uCsaLLca agsega. C_
CLaeg cuee, C_aCza, oacLmLOue CLaeg _Oumss
_gs_u gga ossaas_squ __go gcs_squ
_aasc sLLLaeLaosc ces agsOsacsegasc.
II. I. 1. @][m mqsmm mo+m+ o+][m
qg OsaLLauc, q_LLu mecmssauc
mmLLaeamLugg __uee Oggeas seLm_g
usa_ua sagg ggaLgq m_eo OLgg_g_ _g_ oOeac
noOsaqu LazaLu geoea noassccg. C_
og_egsec uae __sa CLaeCga _asc
326 327
Oeacseco eag_gsOsacc seLLm__e. o esaaeL
e_gaasszs ass_e_u __uee Ogg _egsecu
osq _e cou nos ozoaggc _zac _zasc
OLma _cmc geL_egLL_gagceo.
II. I. 4. 6q1qmom
nosCoCa usL OLma qazs ga ggaa. sqazs
gaLc ggasc s_ggzu OLgg me Lo _eg C__csc
_eugaas, Ooggszuas gL_gcce. eo _ee_gu
eLL_ge _LLeLuc gegaas _egLL us gco
_eguc gLggcce. e_ egu Lo gasc meLgg
osege.
II. I. s. _ 6o+rn+
oa_me _LLeLs CsaLLaLas _euggLLg
_guaqu. _gOgguc geg, OLac =L _goguc
eL_e__ g_g m CLg _eLa Coeu ceL_gsas
nggL OLacsc gaesc _g_e_ _cog _u_e_ __e
_egaas gug euau eo_gccg. gga gaLeL gu
_eCea _u _u cege___e. gug eua_e_u
_uu ceg Oeacoac _e___e. __u _u _eu
m_eoea usqu oog_gseg ga. e_ euauass
OsaeCL g_ gaLe LeLa _euggccg.
sCsaLLau noOsaqu ncc uss_sq nsg_
CsaLLaLaqu.
II. I. o. no mm
Leos CsaLLau ggaL LeLaL neeo
___cuas Osae noassLLLLg _coggu nosgq
_ug_as_ gs_og LLeos CsaLLaLaqu
_eoaaoe :
. _eugaae aL oa_q
z. mggaL gLosesscc _eouLag__c
. ooaLCLasqo Oecoaeu
+. gaLeLs agCLaLaeu
. oacs qLLg_u
II. I. . 6m_ m @][mn n1oom
ggaa qgLLas gCzaLmasLq ggueL OLacsecL
LaeL_gu og_egsecs sgg_ _g_g. egoeeo
nLOsac_u _osc LOLacsec ggaamogg
OLgg osgasc. Ogc, su, L_g CLaegeo asgg
Cueo gaLgq c_go OecoLLL nose Lo Lasascgu
eg LumLLLL osege. egzas mecaaL, _ee_g
gas_u meLggu ce_eg, Lgeagae ses _eg
(Decimal System) CLaegeo ggaa noqssc_gcc
Lmsscaqu.
II. I. 8. nm6m_ @mo+om
zausqee assu, mzuae eeL, mzueuagu,
_maeuagu CLaegeo noOsaqu _asc secsec ggm.
ggaLe ocuss eu_go e__aao g__s
CsaLLasec noqsq nag_ OsaeLaas o_ascce.
11. 1. 8. 1. m_ cqum
ggaLLeLaLaeg, ue_ Cga_e_ _LLeLaass
OsaeLg. nuscL_gc _e saL_c, coquezu
_e_u CLac LamsquOLa_g egoee _c sLu
ceLe_u ne_gsegg. LeLa ue_ Cga_e_
uLueg _eu Cga_e_ nosgq _c_gccg.
11. 1. 8. 2. uo[_ ___oa
L LeLa nag_ __goasce Oua__ agscasCo
mcaqsegg. ue_e Oogu eLLOLac _eg. _o_sq
_eua ne. _g_ _eua _goggg. _eua m CLg
_eLoC_ _e Cgassuaqu.
328 329
11. 1. 8. J. u[_ aa__;m ou[_ _aaauoa
mgeuee CgassaL CLzaeeuueeu, eCsa_z_go_
e_u zauaaeu c_gausgg.
_u_ge oa_q_ee gg soqu _uu ugLu
Oocgu ceg usaLaz_u nos_ggq ne_gsgg. ms,
ag, eauu __oeu CLaeg Co_asc, Lso_e_,
gsqgc, sac_aeme eaqg_ou CLaegeo egu nos
usscac OLmgu LazaLLLLsege. Lso_e_aaeg
ue_qo_ggsas gga gaLe OsaeLaas o_asLLsgg.
11. 1. 8. 4. _ou.m, Jz.m
Laz_ gaLe LeLaLs agscc us _ssa__eeu
oag_ qeg _eee ogLa, Laz___a ceg gu gaLeL
_aue OLazac CLaggseCgau. _aga ceCg _e__g
us_sCgau. _gsc, ueosc oggee OLeeuue
OLazaCoCa usqu _e_ssLLsegg. OLeeueaL
CLagga_ cg_ gau Cueeu _eLaag ceLe_ ggaL
LeLa nosgq c_gezssegg.
11. 1. 8. 3. _am.n
e_au ceLg nccg _cog neeuOaeL
OLacLu, oqosu e_a_ge ug OsaeL gumsesuc
_ae aassOsaeccg. e_gau _oga_ n__uzas
oa_Coeu ceLe_ oog_gsegg.
11. 1. 8. . _.m_
sua L__auzu _escas ggaa cg_Ooa gaLe
ug ooao Oeeg CLa O_a__as ozoag ceo.
c__eeCaa LeLOaLscac LagssLLLg_CLaggu
aL, _g _eugeaCa gasgg. Cugu nos _eugssas
egoez nos _zasc CLazaosgg.
11. 1. 8. 7. a.a
seosce mgLmLu ggaaoaqu. _a seosc
_gL_g gaeq ceL. sseosc cgc neoac
C_aegaeo. ee, sme_, gmau, gLu, sLLLsseoL
CLaege geseoscc CLagg_ _sse. eo ue_L
LeLaLeL ocss egaeuaa_e. eo ue_e
__euaae, us_oaae oa_q oa_LOLmgu gee
msege. qoOoa uago_ggqu q gLeu cegu, oL
gga O_eegga ee cegu gga ee mmssL
LLccg. Lz_u, s_sc, s_s, CuaseaaLLu, qoL,
q CLaeg gLeasc _ouas ggaL LeLaLeL nos
gascc Lzoo Oesegg.
11. 1. 8. 8. cuoao
Caasa ceLg goa_uaeou Lzua_uaeou
eeLLC_aaqu. nLgu, ue_u qegeegg
OeacLoC_ Caasu _qu. nLeo CLagg_c uLu
CLa_ag ncc_e_u LeL_g_oe _oa_e_ Caasa
scmue _ou nosgq ggaL LeLa c_gezssgg.
11. 1. 8. v. e.muo.om uo[_ u[_..a_m
LLeLa cceuaae oa_mee oog_gsegg.
_ssao_gc ages neq, neL saze__ac, Cgasc
gas us cca oa_ses oa_g_e. saggasce s_
_eL egcqu nos usscac CLagg_gqma_aqu, ceCo
cca neL, neq L_sso_ssasc CLaegogeg
nossOsaeLaas ggaLLeLa o_asccg.
sascc o__ aesc _ouas nag_ g_eesc
gusq seL_gcce. ug, uugsc CLaegeo nag_
nccasce g_ee_ O_aqLCLaaqu. ceCo, ggaL
LeLa gaas oa_eo oog_go_asCo _euggccg.
qqqs;
egu gssa gaLo eeLuc ggaa noOsaqu
_eugea geogaLLL OLu LaLL osgg.
_eugea gau ggaLe mggaL uss_Le
_eugLe oa_ muogc maLOLaeguceo.
330 331
g mss
_. 1_ m1omm ms:mm
. ggaL LeLaLe gLmee mom
z. sac_aeee gaLs gcsc ceo
. nLgL_asc Lgg uCsaLe s_g aag,
+. eua e__aa g__ CsaLLasec nosga Oe_
_euLsc aaeo
. ue_ Cgau Lgg g qgL _s
@. q_ n[ _mmm _mm n m1o_ mo+mm
ms:mm
. __ euau cooag Oocgascc Lzmag
z. Le os Osacesea mom.
. ggaa _u _u ce _e_ssLOLgoC_e
+. nosgq ggaa _c_gcc Lmssc aaeo
. geseo- nosL LeLaLgq ggas OsaeL cooag
@. q_ no _mmm _mm qnn m1o_ mo+mm
ms:mm
. ggaL LeLa Oocgascc Lzma _egea mom.
z. ggaL ossaasc ne_gu _goa_q Oggsec
mom.
. ggaL LeLa OLeeuea CLaggu Laaseeu,
_eug, _suee Lggu mom.
o. +s no+o_ mo+mm ms:mm
. ggaL LeLaLgq ggaame OsaeL ceg
_eoLmc gm _u Oegsec mom.
332
1z. @gg msQJ, gg
g sqJ
1z. 1. ggqg gg s - sJ
sases qm casc eag - gc
sLgu ueou casc aLLu
ceg Lazgue s_gee nccLssaC_ ggaL
LeLau, sggLgo g_gu _qu. agesue usLOLma
nccLssu sggLg_u, (environment) ugg numeas_u
_qu. eo zegq eLCa ncc g_
ngqsecOacoau Lgg sgqu scmsq g_geouac
(Econology) ceg OLa.
m ceg OLac ne_gu _sau ceg sCzsso
Oeacgu, sggc ceg OLac ne_gu Coasau ceg
sCzsso Oeacgu CessLLL uCsaog (Ecology) ceg
Oeac noassLLLLg.
nucceos_u, (Biotic) nuzggeos_u (Abiotic)
_Lasa agesue O_aqLmgq g_ueLou _cog
g_geo_ O_aqL (Ecosystems) ceLLu.
ue_ oa_sessq egaeuaa_e. soaLL_gq gco
ga sagg, Lqo_gqo seoaae g uggu mLLoe_g
uss gco neq _saeo _qu. eo _ee_gu
OsaeLC_ geuaae sggog_c _qu.
ueo, gg, sLc, gmae, _saau, sagg uggu
moaseasc ogegL Lgg _gogu _oggc ue_ee
LaseeL Lggu O_mgg OsacoC_ sggLgo g_c
scmaaqu. __aog agesCaa eag_ oa_q
ceLC_aau.
333
coasL _eLas LcmsuasL LooesL mgm
sOc_g ue_eaL mgLOLLLg oeoa_gc
oa_oaaq oa_o_gsasCo.
cLL Coeuaeagu oa_oau cegcoag LL__ae
oa_CoeOueg oa_og_ae gLLuLL oa_ses. Cgaagg
oa_Co qegogg Oecou. _eac egcc nosc ue_e
_ae muogCLac nLcgo_gLe oa_ _ogceo.
gug nosu _ggg osgg. _eac g_ _geo
ages noassmceo. ue_scasa gau noass
osCgau. gu qoOoaosqu ze msc gg
osege. qeg gau oa_gg ou m, ugOgaeg gau
oa_ggou nosu. mLeLo s__uas eo_gssCgau.
_eac nosu ceg eOea mLeL uasL_g osCgau.
nosu ceg mLeL gau geuaas eo_gsOsacca
mLLac gu gaLeLo sgggu ggou Lo_zLLLL uas
gu mLeLu geuagg_as uaggmu.
_eac, gug LeLa cooag sggLg_ggq
_ssa_gou Osa_gccg ceLe_ meou qoOoa
_eoLme _ saeCLau.
1z. z. @gg gggg
Laz_ga L_u OLu ga
g __e _co ggeeosgga)
cegae Lazg. LLaz_ _u LeLaLe szuas
gs_segg. ggaL LeLaLgq ggao sggog_c q
gLLueuaqu.
ggaa s_sCs oasac mmqLaoagu, Cugsc
_zmssLoagu, O_gCs gg usa sLoagu, oLsCs
uaueoaagu g_LLLccg. ggaame _eumLu
uso gL oaag__aqu. nosCoCa _gs ue_OLgu Lu
zaaqu. nosCoCa us nazuae coOzuL szu
aq _ae _euggccg. ggaamc ngL_gaaqu
Leaagscc us _ssa _g saesaaqu. g ggaame
e_gg ceg _e_ssLLsegg. saes, a_ee, ezuog
_sa _eg ggsce easuuaeg gmCoc easuu ceg
_e_ssLLsgg.
ggaaeo sLsCzesaaeg )LsgL ggaa, g)LsgL
ggaa ce zeLasL mmssgg. aq Laeo_ _aozasc
__gOsae Lseu uaga_ _aozu oez Lzmccg.
Iz. z. I. msmom
gu LeLaLc _ee_g ueosecu sLqc ceL
CLaggseCgau. ccoa ueosecu egoee oouas
Laz_L LeLa ggsegg. esoaa ueoea oe negu
eg__eeu neLag ceg Oeacsgasc. gLLgueou
egoe oouaqu. guac _aq negsega. _sCo,
__ees saoac ugaauc __asaoLCL _o_gg ggea
q eoeoL OLmaa. saezssac _ueuaau
esoaa_ggq_ _eoaac gLgg CLae_aso Oeacoasc.
Lzaesgsq mgga ueoaaqu. __eac mggaaeo
goaecegu, ea_e ueoue ug oaeu Le@o_ac
ea_euuom cegu CLaggLLsegac. gouc
mcecaa ueo nouc LL_ac noL mcecaa
ceg OLa OLgsga. eLmueoea gaLL_sqo
euLmssCgau.
qeg squ LOucoau quze squLu
ceL_ac _see qegC_agu _Loe ceL.
g__cu, gLLzaqeg_u, L_eu, mzao ueou
__gqo eaeg.
goeeaueoCa oee oou ceg usmq
agcca. _esaac, egoeeCa _c gg _z ou
_eg_ ueoCa ceg qo Laea. ceCo gug
LeLaLc ueo q _ssa agaso OeacLL osegg.
334 335
Iz. z. z. [om
ggaL LeLaLc _ee_g ggs_u egoe uau.
o ggs_sq egoee ggau_e_Ca eo_gssgasc.
n_azeu sqea, mzuu_gza CLaegeosc. o
ggsCca egoee OLeuea ee_go OeacseCgau.
saes guaoe goea s_qsegg cegu,
oOLuaee _uc negsgg cegu agsCgau. a_ee
gguc seee mecaaeae. ez ggssezuc zaue
oa_g_ae. gue_ gguc qoOoa a_aascgu oee
oou ceg L_Ouagsc agsege.
saesCaa O_aLeLa_ac _s_sq saaCsae
ceg OLa. _ LgOeLLau OLssc ggsce OLaas
ou g gez ogLseCgau. ooag ggsc aaqu
ggaL LeLaLc LzuOLace oou ceg gu ussc
gusegasc.
ggsc OLeeu__eeueLae. ceCo _ogeg_
_aaasL CLaggsCgau.
Iz. z. 1. m;+om
gasCza_, nguLz, _so__ ceg uzasc mq@me
gauasc ceg CLaggLLo_as. mq@ esuzgauu
agsgg. __aog __guzu, qga uzu, _ze uzu _sa
aaqCu egoee gooascasL CLaggL Lsege.
__eac egoee no_e_ uzssLeLscagu Oeg
ogLu o_ssu Laz__gc ne. gu uzmc CoLL uz_e_
uamauuCea ee_gL CLsseCgau. _ouz_ge
_uc _gqssLcasa _Lea __gu, __e eouc
Laosqee L_gLL_as gau CLsseCgau. gmCoc
easu_gc _ouz oo_gc mq@ oeasLLsga.
s_uL oesquCo ceL Lzaesgea s_uL uz_C_a
ee_gL CLsseCgau. _seeu sLuLe ceg
agog o_ssu. _zeuz_ggq mcecaa. _eac _ae
qoOoa uz_ggu egoe LL_as neg_ gu
_eCeasc _omLeu ceg OLamc qoOoa
g__o_ggu e_uae uzasec oeas CoeOueg
mg_g ssgasc.
qguLoa qggao_ _omLeuaqu. goaees saooc
gasoas uzu oeasLLsgg. eee uz_e_
uueougu, uauzu saz_ggu _omLeuasL
CLaggLLsege. Leeuzu gLLeg_acc O_ouas
oeasLLsgg. Ogcouz_g g_oc __sc oa_g_asc.
LL ccoa uzas_u O_o oouas oeasLLsgg.
_eeCa, =ea oauau _u =ou ceg Laz_LLeLa
mcaqoC_a __e _LLeLugu _euggccg.
eega _gmagu uzas_u nucceoOae
agsgg.
Iz. z. 4. nsmo_m mm+o_m
caq caq La__agu coqusqu _oquza
_aq _aq LLg g _eCga LzaLzCu
ceg _auaeo agsega.
guaoe _o_azascc ue, _eu, Leg, asu _sa
ooasc _Laqu. sLee_ guagu, saecea o_u,
_gggee mcecaau, uueo _s_u oea
gaLL_u, scea ueaLu, as_e_L Lzaesgu,
aaeeea ggz_u oaseua gggLLg _ogge eg_
_eeuea _eeou nez Coeu ceL_gsas__ae.
ceueas aL cuee oaseu cesCgau. sases
eeLsoa_squ, _ge_ osqusqu. _eeu ezuogsqu
oaseuaqu.
LaueL_ guaoe, Lsesaasqu oee
_caasqu ogLseCgau. Csaqo seeee LsssCca
Cegg gaaessCgau.
336 337
LL moaqsc, Lgeosc _ee_gu ge nusc
_ee_gu O_o__eeu OLggeo ceg ggaL LeLa
s_gezssegg.
sazu oz_zag Csauoc Lcoeau, zagu_ae
Csauoc cosecu goaees saoc Csauoc oggL
_osecu O_o_C_a Cegg oeas oseCgau.
Iz. z. s. o:m, o+m
saLc _ou mg_ aesc mqsc _aasc neg_
aaogegCu egoouass seLe. _eeCa gu
Co_asc _zeau cege__g us_g_ge. zauae_
ggu _zea saeLCu _ssa_gou OLggg_g.
_sCo, saLeLu egoeas _osc seLg ma__q
qegaqu.
o:m
gezagaaL OLasLCo ceg oOLuaee oo
qo CLaggL s_g_a. eegsqu _ _uaoaeesqu,
e_ _uaoaeesqu, szseasc _egu sLoc gza_c
gug o_ssu.
nosgcc )__asc _ee_ggqu e___eeu
_Loe egoe.
goOeggme sLCoaz_gc Oeggc ga_e c_g_c
ccae. gLagsLoc guac Lcc Osaeccae.
osqu sLoc mgg_oc, ceCo sLc usc cegu
_e_ssLLsgac. ceCo, ggaL LeLa sLoeeu
O_ouass saesegg.
Iz. z. o. nogq+om
gou, g, OgL, sagg, _saau _sae gggu
Le__asc ce _e_ssLLsege. _u_s_gc
oOLuaee ggg _oas_u Le___ _oascas
ogLLLLsege.
sa gsauLzga_u, goaq, zaCuuozu _sa
g__oascc oe ue oo_gc oeasLLsga.
ueee gg g_am oauee
uecg Ooe@u ceg __oa Lasega.
goaees saooc oOLuae g oo_ggu sagg
oo_gc sac_gugu, oOLuae oeasLLsga.
Cugu, _saa oo_gc _uLz_ggu, Cgag tOgLi
oo_gc goeeaueougu egoee CLagg
oeaqseCgau.
1z. S. @gs0sQ @gg sgq
ggaL LeLaLeL agesue __sae _euLmc
_, _o __c ue_e oez _eeosqu q gzg_zuae
ugLuss Lu ne. ue_e _ae oa_o_gq cLL
nmeu neCLa, _e_LCLaoCo gco Oesqu,
_sucgsqu, mco uz_gsqu, mq__eeueLa
gozas_squ nmeue.
agesuc ue_e ugss_ _qg_oeas LLe_L
CLaoCo, _ee_g numeas_u, sLc, gg, ueos_u,
sas_u CLagg__sseo. eg__eeu oag_eo. _esqc
squ egaue_e_ OocssaLL ocoeo ceg ggaL
LeLa c_gezssegg.
_sCo _ae zaeascc Lsss_u, aaees_u,
Lauu cou sLqec oeas OLeu _eLg__as gau
CscmLLseCgau. Laz_L LeLaLc _gmac
agesCaa eegg ue_e oa_Coeu cesgg.
agesea agesue CLassc mog gou. __ee
CLagg_c gug sLeu. ue_e _e_eLa _eeL,
_eeoueg, sgg_e_ ug ue_ qou __ogu Oeg__
Coeu. nucc _ee_e_u CLaggL Lagsa__c
338 339
Coeu. LeLLsc _ee_e_u Cgss Coeu.
_eeCa occoau oaa Luezs seL CLaO_coau
oaCee, Laac ec_C_e ceg nezssega. LLL
LeLL __oggCu _eeeCa sae ue__sqs sgg_
_og ggaL LeLaLaqu.
gau ccCoau muog Coeog, oa_sesuc
us_oaas, eLuas ss Coeu ceLg _ae. nLgu,
ncc_u gouasqu, oa_q ocuasqu g_ac eL_ggq
qeg ssag. sggo g_eou LeLaLeLu gau
LagsaLCLau cec gu oa_q uLucoag. gu oasao
eg_gue oa_qu goueLu.
1z. 4. ggqg gg smJsm Jg
. uaeosc _asc oqLLegeau, mecaaL
eu_ae_e_u geuaas eo_g__c Coeu. g
_osce _eoaaa sLeuaaqu.
z. ussc O_aesL OLss_geac ggLu mecqsec
uaeosc ne_c Coeu. ussc O_aesea
sLLL_gu og_egsc Lgg ussceLCa
c_gez__c Coeu. sggo g_c Cs _eLo_gq
gqu q sazeu ce _g_c _oau.
z. mLsq q uzu gLLuzasegsec saLCLau ceg
_zs csqu gLosess_sq q_ge_L gcs
Coeu. ga sasec noass Coeu.
. uzu gCoau. ue_ OLgCoau ceL_gq ggL,
uaeosc _asc mLc q gOeaaog ocss
Coeu.
+. es ssqu oesce LaeLaLeLs qeg__c
Coeu. ga gz_ggq gLgg Oeco L_s Coeu.
_g_oez ugoesec LaeL_g_c Coeu.
. ueesgea LaeL_goe_ _g_ uLu qeg_g
Osacc Coeu.
o. _gmac _eCegg__agu C_eoscagu se
mLsc _gsm_gmLLe. _e sazeuas O_agg
eaeosc OLs mLLe. __O_aggeaeosc ggL_gu
sgqsc sggLg_e_ uas _eLao Oesege. ceCo,
C_eosec qeg_g cca oa_q oa_L L_ss Osacc
Coeu.
. sggLg_g_ geu Lgga mgLemee
ussceLCa c_go Oeaco Coeu.
s__u Ceag CLau
sge_aaeagu sesss sL
a_aeagu qc_gs q
CLaeg L_Ouagsce OLaec uss_sq ne__c
Coeu.
a. gau uLu geuaas g_ac CLa_ag. gau oa_u
nos_e_u, sggog_eou geuaas eo_gs
Osacc Coeag gug sLeuOae ne_c us
_oau.
s. gu LeLaLe _ssa_gou _g_c Coeu. ggaL
LeLa cooag sggo g_Coa O_aL Osaeccg
ce O_mgg Osacog geg.
o. gga ussc agesCaa eag_ oa_q gL_geasc
ceLe_u, __eac Cgaagg oa_q oa_g_e ceg
mgLeeou ussceLCa LzL_c _oau.
. nos _u geu, nos sggLgo g_c geu, nos
ssa_azgeu CLaeg geasec uaeosc OsaeLa,
__e _ssa_go_e_ mgsq c_gezss Coeu.
z. qLeLsec _egaas _LgLL_gu og_egsecs
seL mss Coeu.
. mcaqs OLacsecL LaeL_goe_ _mss
Coeu.
+. ggeosec uas L_goe__ _mss Coeu.
. agesCaa eag_ oa_q oa_ Coeu.
340 341
342 343
g mss
_. 1_ m1omm ms:mm
. sggog_c scm cegac cee
z. g_geouac scm ceLg cee
. uCsaog (Ecology) cegac cee
+. g_geo_ O_aqL (Eco Systems) ceLg cee
. Le__asc aaeo
@. q_ n[ _mmm _mm n m1o_ mo+mm
ms:mm
. ggao sgg g_oee mom.
z. ggaL LeLaLc ueos_sq _cssLLu
gLmees ags.
. ggaL LeLaLc ggs_sq _cssLLu gLmees
ags
+. ggaL LeLaLc uzas_sq _cssLLu
gLmees ags
. ggaL LeLaLc Lgeo uggu moaqs_sq
_cssLLu gLmees ags
@. q_ no _mmm _mm qnn m1o_ mo+mm
ms:mm
. sggo g_eoLCL@ogc uaeosce Laes mom.
z. ggasc agesCaa eag_ oa_q oa_g_e
ceLe_ mcsqs.
o. +s no+o_ mo+mm ms:mm
. ggaL LeLau, sggog_gu Lgg sLez oezs.
@gg msQ
m+[1 ms+q+m
6;m : 1 mo m[n0noom : z00
gg -
umm+ ms+o_m ms:mm. qm0m+s[[m
1_ m1omm ms:mm. Is x z = 10
. LeLa Lgg oacCL agog aag
z. nose nggL OLacsc aaeo
. ggaame nama _eo gL aag
+. ggOoc gasmss saou cg
. geacegac cee
o. LeeLa_ _u_me LeLaLeL _ga n_qoe aaeo
. gaLs nose uau ceL CLaggLLLo aa
a. mzuu ae eeL aazac C_aggmssLLLLg
s. gg eua_ge gLLueu aag
o. gqsausua cegac cee
. Oucmasc Lgga __azasc aaeo
z. qLCoaeo _eg cegac cee
. mzua _eo c_ga goe OLa cee
+. oaeCLa_u aggao aa
. sggog_c scm cegac cee
gg @
usm6m_m @_ ms+o_ qm0m+s[[m
n m1o_ mo+mm ms:mm. o x s = 10
o. ggaL LeLa _gaa_ _eeu neLag caaeu
. Coggeuuc qggeu ce_u CsaLLaLeL mom.
a. sg, uug Lgg gm _goe aaeo
s. sgeLeu Lgg eas ossaasc agoe aaeo
zo. zaga e _eeaueoo OeLaa _ugeesq _gga
_uLc aag
z. nos_ C_aggu Lgg O_acsaLma agoe aaeo
zz. qeLoezs Csauc mcsqs.
z. Lsgue oessec mom.
gg @
usm6m_m @_ ms+o_ qm0m+s[[m q_
no _mmm ms:mm. o x I0 = o0
z+. ggeuOoc gasms, gs _euL Lgg momss.
z. mgsao Co_sao_ge e__aa geoeaL Lgg_ O_aq_g
c_g.
zo. gaLss seo Lgg OLeuLLL Coea Oegsec_
O_aq_g c_gs.
z. Cea_sao e_s geo uggu eua geoea mom.
za. sg_gosc _gga e__aa gcoa_qL LcsecL Lgg
mom.
zs. Lsg ass_ge mecqsc aaeo
o. ggaL LeLa Oocgascc Lzma _egea mom
. sggLgo g_eoL CL@ogc uaeosce Laes
c_gs.
gg a
usm6m_m +s ms+o_ qm0m+s[[m
+s no _mmm ms:mm. 4 x z0 = 80
z. ggaL LeLaLe gLmacsec_ O_aq_g q
sLez oezs.
. ggOoc gasmsu Lgg mom_g q sLez oezs.
+. L_g_u_me ma LeLaLs agsec_ O_aq_g q
sLez oezs.
. ggaL LeLaLgq Oucmasce OsaeL uggu
seoaueasecs qg_g q sLez oezs.
o. nosL LeLaLgq ggaame OsaeL ceg _eoLmc
gm _u Oegsec mom.
. ggaL LeLau sggLgo g_gu Lgg q sLez
oezs.
344 345
gm @gq
_zs _LsaLasu, tsssi. ziaoaz z.zoqm
zi_,a z.zoqm. Oeeee.
_g_s gaoo, K. tzooi. _[_m_ _.z, aam.
ugez.
sge_aa mcec, g.. tsooi. _mo z.zoq. Oeeee.
scaaesg_zea, m. t si . m_ oa.apm
ao[_u,a_m. Oeeee
Csggz_ O_aeL, tzooi. zo;_z z.zoq. g_gsq.
eggzCesze, P. tzooi. _ma ;ao_. zagLaecau.
sLmzucae, tsai. _[_uz z.zozq ;ao_. ugez.
soauga_e, A. tsa+i. _ma ;ao_m z.zoqm.
Oeeee.
............................. tssai. _[_u n__ouz z.zozq ;ao_
ta.o. 133 .;). Oeeee.
............................. tssai. _mqozq n__ouz z.zozq
;ao_. Oeeee.
............................. tss+i. _mqozq n__ouz z.zozq
;ao_. Oeeee.
Cegzaue, G. tzooi. _ma ;ao_. zagLaecau.
_u_gaLL LaLgc s_su, tzoo+i. ;ao_ cma q.a
__aom _.q. Oeeee.
_u_gaLL LaLgc s_su, tzooi. n_aua. qeL_au
oqL. Oeeee.
_u_s _zs LaLgc ggoeu, tssoi. _[_uz z.zoq.
Oeeee.
LmCuo_s nez. __a_. Oeeee.
L_gaLLe, cu. tzoozi. _q.amua. Oeeee
Laeae, e. Ogazag ea. usa_ua sagg CgLLg cLL
ac_u. ugez.
Lausze, s. tzoozi. ____m z.zoqm. _ea_.
zL_aee, tssi. u[_J. Oeeee.
OuLaus, tzoo+i. a_n_a ,_u aa. gessc.
oquee, s. tzoozi. _[_u ____o.m. Oeeee.
_e_aea su _eL LLcCsqeu, t zooi .
J_u___oa_. Oeeee.
_ e_aea Laomsau scm _gssLLec, mzeagg
geoau. tsaoi. J_uaz zo._.
Oeeee.
ENGLISH
Basant Kumar lal, (1978). Contemporary Indian Philosophy. Delhi
International Vedic Centre, (2003). Know Your Religion. Chennai.
Lunia, B.N. (1971). Evolution of Indian Culture, Ludhiana.
Neela Kanda Sastri, K.A. (1993). Sangam Age (Its Cults &
Culture). Chennai.
Pandey & Singh, (1979). Evolution of Indian Culture. Ludhiana.
Prithiviraj Shastri, (1998). A concise childrens guide for Sandhya
and Yagna. Chennai.
Tamil Nadu Arya Samaj Educational Society, (2003). Moral
Education. Chennai.
346 347
Administration - ac++1
Archaeology - C+cC.+gc _a
Architecture - +...o+.o
Art - +.o
Assembly - +..
Belief - 1o.+
Bliss - C.;+c1
Cavalary - _.;....
Cave Temple - _.+oC++cc
Celibacy - ;1++a1
Chariotry - Ca....
Citizen - _,+c
Civil-disobedience - +.. g.,
Civilization - +++1
Commerce - ca+1
Concept - +g
Contemporary - +++o1
Contact - C+.a,
Creation - ....,
Culture - .=.+. +o+++;1
Decentralisation - .;co+o_c
Devotion - .o
District - +c..1
Divine - Cac+1
Doctrine - C++..+. C++c.+
Eco System - g_.o C+_.,
Ecology - g_.oaac
Eight fold path - c=.+c C
Elephantary - a+.c....
Emperors - C.;;+a+c
Environment - og+ g_c
Epic - _+++1
Epics - _+++++c
Excavation - _+_c+a
Festivals - .=,.++c
Fine Arts - g=+.o
Flexibility - C+_1 c.
Forest - ++
Granary - +cao +o_+a1
History - c;o+g
Humanity - c ++a1
Icon - .,1
Ignorance - _a+.
Immortality - __a+c.
ggGesg Gsg
osm 0o+[om
348 349
Infantry - ++o+....
Internal Development - _+coa++
Irrigation - a..++c1
Karma Theory - +ac.co C++..+
King - _;+c
Literature - _oo+a1
Logic - _o.caac
Middle Path - _..c_
Monism - g .;1C.+gc C++..+
Monolithic - .o +c
Monotheism - g +.. C++..+
Mountain - .o
Museum - _g+++.+a+1
Music - _.+
Neem Tree - Cc..;1
Non-co-operation - ._a+.
Non-stealing - g.+.
Non-Violence - _+1.+
Orphanage - _c+. _co1
Painting - ca1
Pantheism - _.c _.oC++..+
Philosophical ideas - co +g+c
Philosophy - c1
Pictography - +; c_
Pipal Tree - _;+;1
Planning - ..c
Polytheism - .o +..C++..+
Prince - _oc;+c
Race - _c1
Reality - t=. _ac,
Rebirth - gc
Religion - +a1
Rituals - +.+_+c
Rivers - +c
Sacrifice - a++1
Sage - c
Salvation - cC.g
Science - _cac
Sculpture - +.1
Sea - +.c
Self-confidence - cc1o.+
Smirthi - c_.....c
Soul - _c+
Sources - _+;++c
Sruthi - +++c C+.+.....c
Sub-continent - .=o+=.1
350 351
Terracotta - o= C.+1.
Theism - _.o C++..+
Theology - _.aac
Theosophical society - ;1 _+c +..
Trade - c+=.1
Transport - C.+o_c;
Truth - t=.
Ultimate Reality - .;1C.+gc
Universe - ;._+1
Untouchability - _=.+.
Value - ..
Village Administration - t;+.+ ac++1
Virtue - _o+1
Worship - c_.+
Yagas - Cccc+c
352