POWERMORE Co.

, Ltd

Website: www.powermore.vn
December 15
th
, 2012
CHT LNG IN NNG, SNG HI
V NHNG TC HI
1.Sng hi l g?
2. Tc hi ca sng hi
3. Cc nguyn nhn ca sng hi
4. Thng t s 32/2010/TT-BCT v sng hi
5. Gii php trit tiu sng hi
Sng hi l g?
H s cng sut (PF) = Cos ?
Cos = kW / kVA
a s cc loi ph ti u c tnh cm,
Cos <1
100HP motor, 460V, 93% eff, 119A, s dng
bin tn
(100HP x 0.746kW/HP) / 0.93 = 80.2kW
119A x 460V x 1.73 / 1000 = 94.8kVA
Cos = 80.2kW / 94.8kVA = 0.84
Nhngthc t, h s cng sut thc (PF)
ch bng 0.5 0.7
Sng hi lm cho h s cng sut thc
gim xung ng k, gia tng tn tht nhit
v rt nhiu vn khc


Sng hi l g?
f(x) =sin(x)
f(x) =
sin(5x)
5
+
Kt qu l sng hnh sin ban u b mo dng nghim trng
f(x) =sin(x) +
sin(5x)
5
=
Sng hi l g?
Sng hi l nhng sng tun hon,
hnh sin v l bi s nguyn ca
tn s c bn (50 hoc 60 hz).
Cc thnh phn ny khi cng vi sng
sin nguyn bn (50Hz) s gy ra mo
dng sng sin


Sng hi l g?
Trong khi song hi dng l
thnh phn c tao ra bi
ph ti thi sng hi in p ch
yu l sn phm ca song hi
dong ngoai tr mt vi trng
hp, luc m nng lng in
c tao ra t inverter hoc
my pht in cng sut thp.


Sng hi l g?
Song hi l sn phm ca cac
thit bi may moc, in t hin
ai nh l may tinh, h thng
lu in, bin tn m t, lo h
quang, b chuyn i nng lng
ti to v nhiu th khac.
Chung thng c goi l ti
phi tuyn


5%
30%
60%
95%
70%
40%
70%
40%
Non Linear Loads
Non Electronic Loads
5%
30%
60%
95%
70%
40%
70%
40%
Non Linear Loads
Non Electronic Loads
S phat trin ti phi tuyn tai M

Sng hi l g?
Sng hi l g?
%

THD
100
V
V
1
2 h
2
h

%
i
THD
100
I
I
1
2 h
2
h

Percentage of the Total Harmonic Distortion of

a nonsinusoidal voltage waveform
Percentage of the Total Harmonic Distortion of
a nonsinusoidal current waveform

h
V
h
I
harmonic component of the voltage
harmonic component of the current
Thng t s 32/2010/TT-BCT v
sng hi
iu 6: Yu cu v sng hi in p
Tng bin dang song hi (THD) l t l ca gia tri in ap hiu dng ca song hi
vi gia tri hiu dng ca in ap c bn, biu din bng n vi phn trm (%), theo
cng thc sau:



Tng bin dang song hi in ap tai moi im u ni khng c vt qua gii
han quy inh trong Bng 1 nh sau:
Bng 1: bin dng sng hi in p

% 100
2
1
2


V
V
i
THD
Cp in p Tng bin dng sng hi Bin dng ring l
110kV 3,0% 1,5%
v h p 6,5% 3,0%
Thng t s 32/2010/TT-BCT v
sng hi
iu 35: Yu cu v sng hi
Gia tri cc ai cho php (tinh theo gia tri tuyt i ca dong in hoc % dong in ph
ti tai im u ni) ca tng bin dang dong in do cac thnh phn song hi bc
cao gy ra ty theo cp in ap c quy inh nh sau:
i vi u ni vo cp in ap ha ap co cng sut ti 10kW:
Khach hng u ni vo cp in ap ha ap 1 pha: gia tri dong in ca song hi
bc cao khng qua 5A;
Khach hng u ni vo cp in ap ha ap 3 pha: gia tri dong in ca song hi bc
cao khng qu 14A.
i vi u ni vo cp in ap trung ap hoc u ni co cng sut trn 10kW v
nh hn 50kW: gia tri dong in ca song hi bc cao (THDi) khng vt qua 20%
dong in ph ti;
i vi u ni vo cp in ap cao ap hoc cac u ni co cng sut t 50kW
tr ln: gia tri dong in ca song hi bc cao (THDi) khng vt qua 12% dng
in ph ti
Chm nht sau (06) thng k t thi im phat hin thit bi ca khach hng
khng at c gia tri quy inh tai khon 1 iu ny, khach hng phi ap dng
cac bin phap khc phc at c tng bin dang song hi trong gii han
cho php.




C s sn xut cua bn c i mt vi vn nn sng hi ?
May bin th b qua nhit mt
du chi cung cp nng lng
cho lng ti trung bnh.
Ting n, re do may bin th
gy ra.
Qua trnh qua nng n trong
h thng cung cp in
Gim kh nng ti in do cap
qua nng

C s sn xut cua bn c i mt vi vn nn sng hi ?
Dy dn trung tnh trong h
thng 3 pha b t nng hoc
chay
in ap N-G (trung tnh -t)
qua ln
Cu dao nhy khng ro li do
Hong t in bu cng sut
phn khang PF
Nhiu trong h thng truyn
thng


C s sn xut cua bn c i mt vi vn nn sng hi ?
Hong may phat in
Li xung clock thit b in
t
Bin dng in ap ngun v
gim h s cng sut
V con rt nhiu vn khac
na

T B CNG HNG DO SNG HI
M
CONVERTOR
TO POWER SYSTEM
HARMONICS
LV
AMPLIFIED
HARMONICS
Tn tht trong my bin p 100kVA C-C, ti tuyn tnh
79%
9%
12% Resistance
Magnetic
Eddy Current
Total loss = 1685 W
Tn tht trong may bin ap 100kVA C-C, ti sng hi THDi=110 %

41%
53%
6%
Resistance
Magnetic
Eddy Current
Total loss = 3245 W
SNG HI TRONG DY TRUNG TNH
i vi nhng ph ti c s lng my tnh
v thit b in t nhiu, thnh phn sng
hi bi ba chy qua dy trung tnh gy nn
nhiu tc hi cho h thng.
Gy qu nhit, tn
tht trn dy trung
tnh.
SNG HI NH HNG N NG C
H hng ng c, phat nhit do thnh phn th t nghich
Song hi cao lm cho h s cng sut gim xung rt thp
(PF)

50 Hz Rotation
5th Harmonic
Rotation
Thnh phn th t
nghich gy ra momen
ngc
Do o lm cho ng c
bi qua nhit, rung lc,
vn hnh khng n inh

C s sn xut cua bn c i mt vi vn nn sng hi ?
My tnh bn trung bnh tiu th khong 100 watt 60 hertz
v gy ra 118 watt nng lng hi lng ph trong h thng dy
in.
Thit b in t khc v bin tn ng c lng phi nng lng
t 5% n 20% nhng g chung thc tiu th - v chinh ngi
dung phi tr cho s lng phi ny
Gii php trit tiu sng hi
B lc sng hi tich cc (Acitve Filter)
Loai b tt c cac dong in hi tao ra bi ti phi tuyn
B h s cng sut phn khang ca cac ti khang
Ci thin hiu qu ca ton b h thng cung cp in v do o tit kim chi phi
cho doanh nghip


Li ch thit b lc sng hi mang li
Li ch thit b lc sng hi mang li
Sau khi ci thin sng hi chi phi u t cho cac thit b gim 15%.
Tn tht nhit cng gim khong 10%
Li ch thit b lc sng hi mang li
Gim chi phi tin in phi tr do hn ch
c bin dng sng hi, gim tn tht
nng lng t 5% n 20%
Gim chi phi u t ban u cho may bin
p v dy cp
Nng cao cht lng u ra bng vic gim
thiu gian on trong sn xut
Ci thin cht lng bng gia tng tinh
ton ven cua h thng, iu khin v lu
tr d liu, gim h hong n 20%
Ci thin nng sut bng hn ch sa cha
v bo tr.
Hon vn u t chi sau 1.5 nm


SVC Gii php cho khch hng cng nghip nng
Nhng ngun gy ra nh hng xu n li in:






Lo h quang in xoay chiu v
mt chiu,lo luyn nhm, Titan..
My cn thp.
Lo trung tn.
M, qung.
Xi mng







SVC Gii php cho khch hng cng nghip nng
Nhng ph ti ny gy ra nhng hin tng:

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SVC (Stactic Var
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trn vi tc ap ng rt
nhanh
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nh my

SVC Gii php cho khch hng cng nghip nng