What is RNA?

RNA stands for

RiboNucleic Acid
RNA uses DNA to
synthesizes (makes)
Proteins.
RNA is a single stranded
nucleic acid
made up of monomers
called nucleotides
sugar
phosphate
nitrogen
base
A
B
C
RNA Nucleotides
A - u!ar (Ribose)
" - Phos#hate
$ - Nitro!en base
sugar
phosphate
nitrogen
base
RNA %s DNA
Rules for "ase Pairin!
$ytosine #airs &ith 'uanine
Adenine pairs with Uracil
Notice that RNA has Uracil
(not thymine, there are NO T's)
A U
! "
Rules for "ase Pairin!
$ ( '
A U
3 DNA strand
5 DNA strand
RNA strand
C
A
T
G
G
U
C
A
What is the function of RNA?
$arries DNA)s messa!e code
*el#s make #rotein
Types of RNA

#essenger RNA (mRNA)

Transfer RNA (tRNA)

Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

#essenger RNA (mRNA) carries co#ies of
instructions for assemblin! amino acids into
#roteins.
mRNA
Ribosomal RNA
Ribosomes are made u# of #roteins and
ribosomal RNA (rRNA).
Durin! #rotein construction+ transfer RNA
(tRNA) transfers each amino acid to the
ribosome.
,ransfer RNA
DNA and RNA
$NA RNA
Sugar is deoxyribose

Sugar is ribose
Adenine base is present
Cytosine base is present
%
%
% %
% %
!omparing $NA & RNA
$NA RNA
Guanine base is present
Thymine base is present
Uracil base is present
Shape is double helix
%
%
%
%
%
!omparing $NA & RNA
$NA RNA
Shape is single stranded
Located in nucleus
Located in cytoplasm
Stores genetic information
%
%
%
%
%
!omparing $NA & RNA
$NA RNA
Functions in protein synthesis
Composed of nucleotides
Template for synthesis of proteins
Transcribes the Template
More than one type
% %
% %
%
%
%
!omparing $NA & RNA