BO TR NNG SUT TON DIN

TPM
PGS. TS. Phm Ngc Tun
Ph Ch tch Hi C kh TP. H Ch Minh

NI DUNG

M u v TPM.
Phn loai bao tri.
Lch s TPM.
Trit l ca TPM
Cac mc tiu ca TPM.
Cac nn tang ca TPM.
Cac ct tr ca TPM.
Bao tri t quan.
Cac k thut ca TPM.
L trinh ap dng TPM trong doanh nghip.

M U V TPM

Cc nh ngha v bo tr

nh ngha ca AFNOR (PHP):

Bao tr l tp hp cc hoat ng nhm duy tr hoc phc hi mt ti
san tnh trang nht nh hoc bao am mt dch v xc nh.
ngha ca mt s khi nim t nh ngha ny l:
Tp hp cc hoat ng.
Duy tr.
Phc hi.
Ti san.
Tnh trang nht nh hoc dch v xc nh.
nh ngha ca BS 3811: 1984 (ANH):
Bao tr l tp hp tt ca cc hnh ng k thut v quan tr nhm gi
cho thit b lun , hoc phc hi n v, mt tnh trang trong n
c th thc hin chc nng yu cu. Chc nng yu cu ny c th
nh ngha nh l mt tnh trang xc nh no .

Cc nh ngha v bo tr (tt)
nh ngha ca Total Productivity Development AB
(Thy in):
Bao tr bao gm tt ca cc hoat ng c thc hin nhm gi cho
thit b mt tnh trang nht nh hoc phc hi thit b v tnh
trang ny.

nh ngha ca Dimitri Kececioglu:

Bao tr l bt k hnh ng no nhm duy tr cc thit b khng b h
hng mt tnh trang vn hnh at yu cu v mt tin cy v an
ton; v nu chng b h hng th phc hi chng v tnh trang ny.

PHN LOI BO TR

BO TR

BO TR C K HOCH
Bao tri phng nga
Bao tri phng
nga trc
tip (bao tri
nh k)

BO TR KHNG K HOCH

Bao tri cai tin

Bao Tri Chnh Xac

Bao
tr
thiet
ke lai

Bao tri phng

nga gian tip
(bao tri trn c s
tinh trang may)

Bao tr
keo dai
tuoi tho

Giam sat tnh trang chu quan (dung nam giac

quan cua con ngi)
nghe
Giam sat
rung ong
Phng
phap
pho

nhn

Giam
sat hat
Dung
cu cam
tay

nem

RCM

Bao tr
phuc hoi
va khan
cap

Bao tr
phuc hoi
va khan
cap

Giam sat tnh trang khach quan (dung cac

thiet b, dung cu)

ngi

Giam sat tnh

trang chat long
Phan tch hat
t chat long
boi trn

Bao tr
d
phong

TPM

Giam sat
nhiet o

Thiet b giam
sat tnh trang
chat long

Giam sat toc

o vong quay

Thiet b
giam sat
nhiet o

Toc
ke

Giam sat
khuyet tat

Giam sat
tieng on

May kiem tra

khuyet tat
bang sieu am

Thiet b
giam sat
tieng on

Ba k thut bt u bng ch T
Hien nay, quan ly chat lng toan dien (TQM) a c
nhieu quoc gia tren the gii, trong khu vc ASEAN,
trong o co Viet Nam, biet en.
ay la mot trong ba ky thuat (eu bat au bang ch T)
cua ngi Nhat nham cung cap cac phng phap quan
trong e nang cao hieu qua san xuat.
Hai ky thuat con lai la TPS (Toyota Production System:
he thong san xuat Toyota), con goi la JIT (Just - In Time: ung luc) va TPM (Total Productive
Maintenance: Bao tr nang suat toan dien).

Ba k thut bt u bng ch T
Muc ch cua TQM la huy ong con ngi phat huy
sang kien, cai tien thng xuyen chat lng san pham,
cua TPS/JIT la giam thi gian san xuat, giam d tr vat
t ton kho en mc toi thieu, con TPM la nham tang toi
a hieu suat s dung may moc, thiet b vi mot he
thong bao tr c thc hien trong suot qua trnh ton tai
cua may moc thiet b.
TPM lien quan en tat ca moi ngi, tat ca cac phong
ban va tat ca cac cap.
Nh vay, co the hnh dung TQM va TPS hng ve phan
mem (quan ly, ieu hanh), con TPM hng ve phan
cng cua he thong san xuat (may moc, thiet b).

Ba k thut bt u bng ch T
TPM bat au c trien khai Nhat Ban t nam 1971
va a tao ra nhng ket qua mang tnh cach mang ve
mat nang suat va chat lng. Ngay nay TPM a c
ap dung pho bien tai nhieu nc phng Tay cung nh
Chau A, ac biet la Nhat ban, Han quoc va Trung
quoc.
Ba ky thuat bat au bang ch T nay c xem la ba
cong cu chu yeu cua san xuat trnh o the gii (World
Class Manufacturing).

LCH S PHAT TRIEN

TPM

LCH S PHT TRIN TPM

Trong nhng thap nien 1950 va 1960 cong nghiep
Nhat ban a thc hien mot chng trnh xay dng
nhanh chong cac nha may va c s san xuat at nang
suat cao.
Trong khi qua trnh nay dien ra, ro rang la nang suat
va chat lng san pham trong cong nghiep chu anh
hng rat ln bi tnh trang cua cac nha may va c s
san xuat.
e kiem soat nhng yeu to nay, cac ky thuat bao tr
nha may c nhap t Hoa Ky.

LCH S PHT TRIN TPM

Trong tam cua bao tr nha may la Bao tr phong nga,
sau nay c cai tien thanh mot phng phap goi la
Bao tr nang suat, do Cong ty General Electric phat
trien nham nang cao nang suat.
Bao tr nha may, cung vi cot loi cua no la Bao tr
phong nga, a dan en s hnh thanh cac to chc bao
tr chuyen sau, xay dng cac he thong bao tr nha may
va phat trien cac cong nghe chan oan.
Thong qua cac hoat ong nang cao hieu qua cua cong
tac bao tr, bao tr nha may a gop phan ang ke vao
s phat trien cua cong nghiep.

LCH S PHT TRIN TPM

TPM la mot chng trnh do Vien bao tr nha may
Nhat Ban (JIPM) e xuat va trien khai t nam 1971.
T o en nay TPM a co nhng bc tien bo vt
bac, la ong lc chu yeu thuc ay s gia tang nang suat
va s thanh cong cua cong nghiep Nhat Ban.
JIPM xem TPM la bien phap co hieu qua nhat, chac
chan nhat e San xuat at trnh o the gii.

LCH S PHT TRIN TPM

Hien nay TPM c ap dung vi mot qui mo ngay
cang rong rai trong cac lnh vc nh TPM van phong va
TPM ky thuat, ong thi gia tr cua no cung vn dai ra

t bao tr en quan ly. Ro rang la ngay nay TPM la mot

ky thuat ly tng e thuc ay va am bao San xuat

trnh o the gii (Tokutaro Suzuki, Pho chu tch Vien

Bao tr Nha may Nhat ban).

NH NGHA TPM
Bao tr nang suat toan din c nh ngha ngan gon nh sau :
Bao tr nang suat c thc hien bi tat ca cac nhan vien
thong qua cac nhom hoat ong nho nham tang toi a hieu
suat s dung may moc thiet b.
Trong phng dien nay TPM nhn nhan rang cac tnh huong
bao tr khac nhau trong mot cong ty co the can nhieu phng
phap khac nhau e thc hien co hieu qua mot giai phap, nhng
giai phap nay co the thay oi t may nay en may kia hoac t
nha may nay en nha may kia. Nhieu ky thuat dung trong
TPM khong mi me g, cai mi la van hoa Nhat Ban a xam
nhap vao TPM vi s tham gia cua toan bo nhan vien va s
lien ket gia cac nhom hoat ong nho.

NH NGHA TPM
Nhng ong gop quan trong cua TPM vao ly thuyet bao
tr la no a pha bo rao can hoac ranh gii gia bo phan
bao tr va bo phan san xuat trong mot cong ty.
Mot t tng ve chung toi tao dng, cac anh ap o
a b loai bo hoan toan khi TPM c ap dung co hieu
qua.
Viec nay a mang lai nhng li ch khong lo trong san
xuat va trong cong ty cua ho.

NH NGHA TPM
Them vao o ve phng dien cai tien lien tuc,

TPM a loai bo s t man trong mot to chc, thay

vao o la mot y thc cao ve muc tieu.
Muc tieu o la nhng co gang e at en tnh trang

h hong cua thiet b bang khong.

V vay nang suat, chat lng san pham va kha nang
san sang cua thiet b at toi a.

Noi dung ay u hn cua TPM

@ Muc tieu toi a hoa hieu qua cua thiet b san xuat
ve mat hieu suat kinh te va kha nang sinh li.
@ Thiet lap mot he thong bao tr san xuat xuyen suot
bao gom cong tac bao tr phong nga, cai thien kha
nang bao tr va bao tr phong nga cho toan bo chu ky
song cua mot thiet b.
@ Thc hien bao tr nang suat trong cong ty bi tat ca
cac phong ban tng ng.

Noi dung ay u hn cua TPM

@ S tham gia cua tat ca nhng thanh vien trong

cong ty t lanh ao en cong nhan tai phan xng
trong viec ap dung bao tr nang suat.
@ Xuc tien bao tr nang suat thong qua cac hoat
ong nhom bao tr nho t quan.
@ Bao tr nang suat toan bo la mot chien lc bao
tr lam nen tang cho san xuat, nang cao chat lng
san pham va giam chi ph.

TRIET LY CUA TPM

@ TPM nham muc tieu tao ra mot he thong phoi hp
lam cc ai hieu suat cua he thong san xuat (nang cao
hieu suat toan bo).
@ TPM hnh thanh cac he thong phong nga nhng
ton that xay ra trong san xuat va tap trung vao san
pham cuoi cung. Cac he thong nay nham at c
khong tai nan, khong khuyet tat, khong h hong
trong toan bo chu ky hoat ong cua he thong san xuat.
@ TPM c ap dung trong toan bo cac phong, ban, bo
phan nh thiet ke, san xuat, phat trien va hanh chanh.

TRIET LY CUA TPM

@ TPM da tren s tham gia cua toan bo cac thanh
vien, t ngi lanh ao cao nhat en cac nhan vien
trc tiep san xuat.
@ TPM at c cac ton that bang khong thong qua
hoat ong cua cac nhom nho 5 S: Seiri (sang loc);
Seiton (sap xep); Seiso (sach se); Seiketsu (san
soc); Shitsuke (san sang).
@ ngha ch T trong TPM: Total (ton b)
- Hieu suat hoat ong toan bo.
- He thong hoa toan bo.
- S tham gia cua toan bo cac thanh vien.

CC MC TIU CA
TPM

Cc mc tiu chung ca TPM

Cc mc tiu c th ca TPM (1)

1. Sn xut
- at ti thiu 90% OEE.
- Chay my ca trong thi gian n tra.
(Ba cm tra l cho ngi vn hnh ch
khng phai cho my!)
2. Cht lng
Vn hnh my sao cho khng c than phn
ca khch hng.
3. Chi ph
Giam chi ph san xut khoang 30%.

Cc mc tiu c th ca TPM (2)

4. Giao hng
Giao hng thnh cng 100% nh mong mun
ca khch hng.
5. An ton
Duy tr mi trng lm vic khng c tai nan.
6. Nhn lc
- Tng gp 3 ln s ngh cai tin.
- Pht trin nhn vin a k nng v lih hoat
trong cng vic bao tr.

KT QU NG DUNG CUA TPM TAI

CONG TY CONG NGHIEP TOPY (SAN XUAT BANH XE OTO)

T NAM 1981 EN 1983:

- Nang suat lao ong tang

32%.

- So trng hp hong may giam

81%

- Thi gian thay dung cu giam

50 % - 70%

- T le s dung thiet b tang

11%

- Chi ph do phe pham giam

55%

- T le doanh thu tang

50%

4 NN TNG CA TPM

NN TNG

NH HNG
VO
KHCH HNG

NH HNG
VO
THIT B

NH HNG
VO
CON NGI

NH HNG
VO
XNG SX

4 + 1 CH S CN T CA TPM

ZERO KHUYT TT

4+1
CH S

ZERO NGNG MY
ZERO TAI NN
ZERO IU CHNH LI

OEE max

HIU QU S DNG
THIT B TON B
(OEE)

Hiu qu s dng thit b ton b

o lng hiu qu hot ng ca my mc, thit b
bng OEE
OEE = A x E x Q
OEE: Overall Equipment Effectiveness
(Hiu qu s dng thit b ton b)
A: Availability (Ch s kh nng sn sng)

E: Efficiency (Hiu sut)

Q: Quality (Ch s cht lng)

Hiu qu s dng thit b ton b

Ch s kh nng sn sng =
Thi gian my chy/ Thi gian c lp k hoch
sn xut
Ch s cht lng =

S sn phm tt/ Tng s sn phm

Hiu sut gm hai thnh phn:
E1: Hiu sut s dng my.
E2: Hiu sut my.

Hiu qu s dng thit b ton b

Hiu sut s dng my =

S lng my c s dng/ Tng s my

Hiu sut my =
Tc sn xut thc t/ Tc sn xut l thuyt =
Sn lng thc t/ Sn lng l thuyt

Hiu sut =
Hiu sut s dng my x Hiu sut my
OEE = A x E1 x E2 x C

Hiu qu s dng thit b ton b

Trong san xuat trnh o the gii ( world class manufacturing), ngi ta a
ra gia tr OEE can at nh sau:
A 90%;

E 95%;

C 99%.

Ngha la OEE 85% (90% . 95% . 99%).

CC TR CT CA TPM

12 TR CT CA TPM
TPM VN PHNG

O TO

BO TR C
K HOCH
BO TR
T QUN

KAIZEN
BO TR M
BO CHT LNG

12
CT TR

AN TON,
SK V MT

QUN L PH TNG
V TN KHO
LP K HOCH V
KIM SOT BO TR

CMMS

LEAN &
6 SIGMA

5S

TR CT 1
5S

TR CT 1 - 5S

T ting Nht

Dch sang ting

Anh

T tng ng
ch S

Seiri

Organisation

Sort

Seiton

Tidiness

Systematise

Seiso

Cleaning

Sweep

Seiketsu

Standardisation

Standardise

Shitsuke

Discipline

Self - Discipline

TR CT 1 - 5S (tt)
NHNG HOT NG 5S
CH
T chc
(SEIRI)
Quan l phn
cp v xac
nh cc
nguyn nhn

1.
2.

3.
4.

CC HOT NG IN HNH
Vt b mi th
5. Kim soat cac bao bi, np
khng cn thit.
che ngn nga r r v
Xac nh cac
tho.
nguyn nhn gy
6. Lm v sinh nn nh.
bi bm v r r.
7. T chc nh kho
Sp xp nh.
8. Dn b bi bm, rac ri v
xng, vn
ba via.
phng.
X l cac khuyt 9. Ty ra cac vt du m.
tt v gy v.

TR CT 1 - 5S (tt)
NHNG HOT NG 5S (tt)
CH
Ngn np (SEITON)
Lu tr theo chc nng
v tranh phai tim kim
cac th cn thit.

CC HOT NG IN HNH
1. Mi th phai c
ch ca n v
c ch nh r
rng.
2. Lu tr v ly ra
trong vng 30 giy.
3. Lp h s cac tiu
chun .
4. Phn vng v
anh du cac v
tr, ch vt.
5. Loai b np v
kha.
6. Cai no vo trc
thi ra trc

7. Cac bang yu cu gi gin

trt t ngn np.
8. Cac bang yu cu d c.
9. Cac ng thng v gc
vung.
10. Sp xp ch theo chc
nng cho trt t, chi tit
may, ngn k dng c,
thit b v cac th khac.

TR CT 1 - 5S (tt)
NHNG HOT NG 5S (tt)
CH

CC HOT NG IN HNH

Sch s (SEISO)

1. Thc hnh 5S
5. Mi ngi u l ngi
nhanh chng.
gi nh.
2. Trach nhim ca
6. Thc hin vic kim soat
nhn.
tinh trang v sinh.
3. Lm cho vic lm 7. Lm v sinh ca nhng
v sinh v kim
ch m mi ngi khng
soat d dng hn.
ch .
4. Thc y phong
tro sach v xanh.

Lm v sinh l kim
soat v at mc
sach s mong mun

TR CT 1 - 5S (tt)
NHNG HOT NG 5S (tt)
CH
Tiu chun ha
(SEIKETSU)
Quan l theo kiu d
nhin thy v tiu chun
ha 5S

CC HOT NG IN HNH
1. Cac du hiu hi lng.
2. Cac vng nguy him
c anh du trn
nhng ng h o.
3. Cac nhn hiu nhit.
4. Cac du hiu ch phng
hng.
5. Cac nhn hiu c giy
ai.
6. Cac du hiu ch phng
hng ng m.
7. Cac du hiu ch in ap.
8. Cc loai ng c m ha
theo mu.
9. Cac nhn hiu du, m.

10. Cac mu canh bao.

11. Cac du hiu binh cha
la.
12. Cac du hiu kim soat.
13. Cac du hiu bao tri chnh
xc.
14. Cac du hiu gii han
m ha theo mu.
15. Cac phim trong ngn
nga ting n v rung
ng.
16. Lm ht sc r rng v
n gian.
17. Lch thc hin 5S

TR CT 1 - 5S (tt)
NHNG HOT NG 5S (tt)
CH
K lut (SHITSUKE)
Hnh thnh thi quen v
mt ch lm vic c k
lut

CC HOT NG IN HNH
Cng nhau lm v sinh.
Thi gian luyn tp.
Mang giy an ton.
Quan l khng gian lm
vic chung.
5. Thc tp hnh ng khi
c bao ng khn cp.
1.
2.
3.
4.

6. Trach nhim c
nhn.
7. Thc tp in
thoai v thng
tin lin lac .
8. Cac s tay 5S.
9. Thy l tin.

TR CT 2
BO TR T QUN

TR CT 2 - BO TR T QUN
Lm th no trin khai
bo tr t qun

trong hot ng TPM?

TR CT 2 - BO TR T QUN (tt)
Qun l chng trnh bo tr t qun
Bo tr t qun l g?
NgI vn hnh lin tc phc hi nhng h hng ca thit
b m h s dng, nhm tn dng ht nng sut ca chng
v t gp phn tng cng tnh hiu qu ca h thng sn
xut.
Hot ng ny l rt c li cho qu trnh ti c cu trong
qun l ngun lc v cho cng tc t qun l ca cc nhn
cng mi, l nhng ngi va tri qua cc kho o to v
tp hun, do , h c trang b nhng kin thc v
quan nim mi.

TR CT 2 - BO TR T QUN (tt)

Mc k nng v trnh hiu bit

Ch 1: Cc bc bo tr t qun c th mm do, linh

hot, ph hp vi trnh , k nng ca cng nhn v vi
tng loi thit b

Tho v lp my
Cao

Chuyn nghip
Linh hot
T ng

Lm sch ban u

K nng c kh v trnh hiu bit in

Ho hc

TR CT 2 - BO TR T QUN (tt)
Ch 2: Vng hot ng m rng dn t ci tin
thit b n ci tin h thng sn xut

Ngi

my
Nguyn liu

H thng sn xut

Phng thc

TR CT 2 - BO TR T QUN (tt)
Ch 3: Bo tr t qun l mt cch gn ngi
vn hnh vi ngi qun l

Vng qun l

TR CT 2 - BO TR T QUN (tt)
Lm mi mi trng lm vic nh bo tr t qun
Cc bc bo tr t qun
Bc 1: lm sch ban u
Bc 2: tm nguyn nhn lm
bn my
Bc 3: Sa nhng ch hng
nng
Bc 4: chun ho hot ng
bo tr

Cc bc bo tr t qun

Cc bc bo tr t qun

Bc 5: tng thanh tra k nng

Bc 6: thanh tra t ng

Bc 7: T chc v a ra u tin
Bc 8: qun l t ng

Thay i cch ngh

h hng v s c nh
hng xu n cng vic

ng c
*Nu gng tt
vi lnh o
* Mun lm ci
mi ngi cn

nh hng
Thay i

Thit b

h hng
v s c
gim

nh hng
Mt vi hi tho
Khng c
v/hoc c s
c

Thay i
Thi quen

thay i

lm mi
ch lm

Thay i hnh ng
* Thc hin cc bc
ci tin

* Thc hin tiu chun

ha hot ng bo tr

* Sa cha v gim st
* Gim st cc biu hin bt thng
* Sa cha cc h hng, ci
tin chi tit

* Sa cha v ci tin
c kt qu tt
* Kt qu tt lm mi
ngi vui v

Chnh sch i mi
TPM-6.doc

TR CT 2 - BO TR T QUN (tt)

Bo tr
c bn

Giai on
* Loi b cc h hng hng ngy ca

thit b bng cch lau chi v kim tra

c vt thng xuyn.
* Gim thi gian lau chi v thay du.
nng bo tr ca thit b tn dng ht
tnh nng ca chng

Cc chi tit
ca h thng

* o lng mc xung cp ca thit b

* Hc v tng chi tit trong h thng

sn xut nh nguyn vt liu, qu trnh
sn xut, cht lng, phn phi JIT v
gi thnh.
* Pht trin kh nng KAIZEN v qun
l bn hng

bo tr
lin tc

Bo tr
tnh nng

* Nghin cu cu trc, tnh nng v k

bo tr t qun trong
h thng sn xut

Bo tr t qun thit b

Lm th no qun l bo tr t qun

* Thit lp qun l t ng trong PQCD.

* Qun l t ng to ra mi trng an
ton v trung thc

Bc
1. Lm sch ban u
2. Xc nh v o mc h hng
3. Lm sch v tra du ng quy nh

4. Kim tra ton b

Lm theo ng sch hng dn kim tra thit b.
Pht hin v sa cha cc h hng nh
5. Kim tra t ng
Pht trin v s dng ti liu hng dn kim tra t ng

6. Qun l cht lng

Duy tr tnh k lut v s chia s thng tin trong cng ty.
Mi ngi s nm c cc d kin v phn tch d kin.

7. Qun l t ng hon ton v qun l bn hng

Pht trin cao hn, xa hn mc tiu v chnh sch ca
cng ty.
Tng tnh thng xuyn ca cc hot ng ci tin.

TR CT 2 - BO TR T QUN (tt)
Bc 1: Lm sch ban u
Bn danh sch ca bc 1
Ngy

Cc nh gi

Ch h hng

Prod.

nh gi bi

Maint. P. Eng.

V tr
cng tc

Ngy
d kin

Ngy
h.thnh

1/ Danh sch nhng ch h hng

Ngy

Cu tr li hoc nh gi

Cu hi

Ngy
d kin

Thc hin

2/ Bng cu hi
Ngy

Ci g

Tm thy bi

3/. Danh sch nguyn nhn gy h hng

Ngy

Ch kh lm vic

4/. Danh sch nhng ch kh lm vic

Tm thy bi

TR CT 2 - BO TR T QUN (tt)
Bc 1: Lm sch ban u
Ngy

Ch h hng

07.13

Rubber seal of cover

Bn danh sch ca bc 1

nh gi

Thc hin bi
Prod. Maint. P. Eng.

V tr
cng tc

Ngy
bt u

Ngy
Hon thnh

Soos Laszlo

07.25

07.30

i mt ci mi

1/ Danh sach nhng ch h hng

Ngy
11.04

nh gi hoc tr li

Cu hi
Ti sao kh nn khng th ln
2
qu 4.5 kg/cm ?

V ng kh c th b v. Hy kim tra ng
kh.

Thc hin

Ngy
bt u

Trn Vn Bo

25/11/2012

2/. Bang cu hi
Ngy
11.06

Ci g

Hp lm ngui ca my HPC-1

Cht lng chy ra ngoi

Tm thy bi
Nguyn Vn An

3/. Danh sch nguyn nhn gy h hng

Ngy
11.29

Ch kh lm vic
ng kh ca my KB-1 rt kh kim tra v ch cao qu

Pht hin bi
L Vn Thanh

4/. Danh sach nhng ch kh lm vic

TR CT 2 - BO TR T QUN (tt)
Mt phiu PM

c l

No.

Loi AM FM PJ Step 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
nh dng bi:
PM
nhm:

Tm tt s c :

Ngy nh dng :

Cng vic 1. Nhm PM thc hin 2. theo yu cu

Phn ny dc thc hin bi ngi pht hin ra s c sau khi
kim tra ti ch nhng cng vic i PM lm

PM th hnh ng (B)
Xc nh bi:
Phng:
T:
Tm tt s c:

Chng trnh hnh ng:

No.

PM nhm:
i:
Thit b:

Ngy nh dng:

Ngy bt u:

Ngi kim tra:

Cng vic 1. Thc hin bi nhom PM
2. Theo yu cu

(PM leader)
(Supervisor)

Tr v cho ngi gi

Cng vic:
AM: bo tr t qun
PT: i d n
FM: bo tr nh k

Phiu PM

Tm tt nhng vic lm

Ngy hon thnh:

do:
AMSTEP10.ppt

TR CT 2 - BO TR T QUN (tt)
Bc 2: nh gi, xc nh nguyn nhn h hng

Bc 2 c chia thnh cc bc nh nh sau:

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Kim tra li nguyn nhn gy bn

Kim tra li nhng ch kh lm sch
Chun b lm sch thm d
c lng khong thi gian lm sch
Chn thi im lm sch
t mc tiu ci tin
Tm cch xc nh v o lng cc ngun gy bn
7.1 Tin hnh cc bn phn tch l do ti sao nhim bn
7.2 Lp k hoch phc hi
7.3 Tin hnh phc hi
7.4 nh gi kt qu cng vic

TR CT 2 - BO TR T QUN (tt)
Bc 2: nh gi, xc nh nguyn nhn h hng (tt)
8. Tm cch xc nh v o lng nhng vng kh lm sch
8.1 Tin hnh cc bn phn tch l do ti sao
8.2 Lp k hoch hnh ng
8.3 Trin khai hnh ng
8.4 nh gi kt qu cng vic
9. Xem li cc tiu chun lm sch
10. nh gi nhng vn cn tn ti
11. Xy dng chng trnh phc hi ngn hn
12. Tin hnh kim tra v bo tr t qun

TR CT 2 - BO TR T QUN (tt)
Bc 2: Xc nh ngun gy bn
Phn tch nguyn nhn
Nguyn nhn l do nhng nguyn vt liu l no v t u n?
Nhng nguyn vt liu l ny lm nhim bn nh th no ?
an ton

Cht lng

S c S c nh Phc hi

nh gi

Thi gian lm sch

Nhng cng vic

u tin lm trc

Ti sao li xut hin cc vt liu l? Ti sao? Ti sao?

Cc bin php loi b ngun gy bn

Ngn chn s ly nhim khng mong mun

Sa li nhng vng kh lm sch

Bc 3: Lm sch v bi trn thng thng

H thng kim sot bi trn
Bo tr nh k

Bo tr t qun
Chn nhm PM mus
Chn ngi qun l mus

Xc nh cc im v khu
vc bi trn

Chun b hng
dn bi trn

Gio trnh o to

Tin hnh hng dn bi trn

nh v cc im v khu vc cn bi trn

Lp s theo di bi
trn v gim st

Danh sch cc im v
khu vc cn bi trn
Vic bi trn lin quan n s c
c thit b nh th no

Cng vic lm ?

Bi trn ?

Xc nh nhng ch phi
bi trn thng xuyn

Cng vic cn lmr

Trong bo tr t qun
Sa cha s
c thit b

Kim tra s theo di bi trn

v gim st

Tin hnh bi trn thm d

Bi trn thm d thng thng

Ch bi trn
thng thng

c lng thi gian bi trn

Sa cha
thit b hng

s theo di bi trn
v gim st
Ci tin h thng kim
tra bi trn

Xc nh vng kh bi trn
Danh sch vng
kh lm vic

Lp tiu chun bi trn

Bi trn v kim tra thng xuyn

Sa cha nhng
vng kh bi trn
So snh v ci tin
tiu chun
Kim tra bi trn bng phng
php phc tp hn

TR CT 2 - BO TR T QUN (tt)
Bc 4: Gim st ton b
Bc 4 c chia thnh cc bc nh nh sau:

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

Tin hnh o to tng th.

Tin hnh o to chuyn su
Tin hnh kim tra sau o to.
Ln danh sch gim st.
Lp danh mc gim st.
Sa cha nhng ch h hng c pht hin.
Thc hin kim tra thm d.
c lng thi gian kim tra.

TR CT 2 - BO TR T QUN (tt)
Bc 4: Gim st ton b (tt)
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.

Tin hnh cng vic kim tra gim st.

a ra cc ci tin.
Xc nh vng kh kim tra.
Sa cha vng kh kim tra.
Xem li cc quy nh v gim st.
Xc nh nhng ch phi thng xuyn kim tra.
Xem li k nng t kim tra ca ngi s dng thit b.
Xy dng chng trnh sa cha ngn hn.
Tin hnh mt cuc tng kim tra v bo tr t qun.

Khi ng khng ng do lng dy

Hng nng, v gy, bin dng hay b
nung chy
Thit hi
Qu nhit, ting ng l hoc my hng
S dnh bm ca cht lng gy hi, mnh
vn ca kim loi, hoc ca cht thi.
Qu nng sut do huy ng my mc
Va chm hoc chu lc
Lp t tai ni b rung
Che chn ng cch trnh va chm
Kh nng h hng hin thi
Cc b phn v mch ni tha
Sp xp li ng v tr cc b phn
Tng thi gian sp xp va kim tra
a my o v ng v tr

ng c

Thit b o ampe.
Thit b o vnte

Nhit k thay th

Nhit k

Cu ch

Cng tc t
ng
thay th

Cc cng tc
Quang in

Bt cng tc
chnh xc
Cng tc gn

Gii hn cng
tc

y nt v tt
cng tc

Nhng ch c kim tra

Mch ni

B phn in

Phiu kim tra

Parts type

Overall Inspection

Bc 4: Cc bc tng kim tra

Kho, in, ngun, b chuyn ng, thu lc, kh lc

i bo tr

Chun b gio trnh o to

i bo tr

Vt liu k thut
Phiu kim tra
Phng thc kim tra

K hoch chi tit

i bo tr

o to

o to trng nhm
i bo tr

Chun b o to m rng
Nhm lnh o v qun l

Tng kim tra

Tin hnh o to m rng

Tin hnh kim tra cc thit b mu

Tt c cc chi tit my c ch nhallocated

Nhm lnh o

Tin hnh tng kim tra

Thnh vin nhm PM

Tin hnh hp cc nhm PM

Thnh vin nhm PM

Sa cha thit b hng

Bn danh sch

Thnh vin nhm PM v ngi bo tr

Tin hnh kim tra thm d

Hon thnh

Thnh vin nhm PM

Kim tra k nng ngi s dng thi b

Kim tra thng xuyn

Nhm lnh o

T kim tra v thc hin kim tra

Phiu nh gi k nng

nhm lnh o

Kim tra bo tr t qun

Qun l v k s

Sa cha cc im yu c pht hin trong qu trnh kim tra

Thnh vin i PM v ngi bo tr

Chun b cho cc cuc kim tra sau

Chun b

Xc nh cc vn cn tng kim tra

TR CT 2 - BO TR T QUN (tt)
Bc 5: Bo tr t qun thng thng
Bc 5 gm cc bc nh sau:
1. Xem xt nhng cng vic cn li sau cc bc t 1 n 4.
2. Gii quyt cc vn cn tn ti.
2.1 Xc nh cc vn trong giai on lm sch v bi
trn thc hin trong bc 3 v giai on kim tra thng
thng trong bc 4.
2.2 Lp k hoch v thc hin cc cng vic sa cha.
2.3 nh gi kt qu lm vic.
3. Sa cha cc s c v h hng nh.
3.1 Kim tra nguyn nhn.
3.2 Lp k hoch v thc hin sa cha.
3.3 nh gi kt qu lm vic

TR CT 2 - BO TR T QUN (tt)
Bc 5: Bo tr t qun thng thng (tt)
4. Tin hnh kim tra thm d thng xuyn.
5. So snh vi cc tiu chun bo tr ca bo tr ton b.
6. Tin hnh kim tra.
7. Lp k hoch kim tra thm d thng xuyn.
8. Tin hnh kim tra thng xuyn.
9. Xem xt li qu trnh lm sch bi trn v kim tra thng
thng.
10. Tin hnh bo tr t qun thng thng v chi tit.
11. Xy dng chng trnh sa cha ngn hn.
12. Tin hnh tng kim tra bo tr t qun.

TR CT 2 - BO TR T QUN (tt)
Tit kim thi gian nh hot ng bo tr t qun
16pht

15
Thi gian (pht

Ci tin

2
2

10 pht

10
Pht s dng trn
mt my

5 pht

Bc 3

Step 4
4 -2

4 -3

Lm sch v bi trn
Lm sch

4 -4 Lm sch, bi trn v kim tra

Thu lc
v kh
lc

4 -1

Ngun
chuyn
ng

Step 5

in 2-4

Bc 2

Cht

Cited from :TPM IMPLEMENTATION by M.TAJIRI & F.GOTOH

TR CT 2 - BO TR T QUN (tt)
Tiu chun bo tr t qun
Ngi thc hin : Takemura Kenji Ngy bt u: 1998. 07 29

bo tr t qun tiu chun (lm sch, bi trn, kim tra)

Tnh trng gia cng:

Lm sch

No
.

Vng lm sch

Thit b : TR - 3

c im

Ngi duyt: Soos Laszlo

Cch thc

Khng c s nhim bn bt Lau sch bng gi

thng do bi, cht thi

Min. Thi gian

Ngy Tun
Thng
10

Ngy n hn:
Ngi chu trch
nhim
Ngi s
dng my

ng c chnh ca my c cao
su

ng c chnh ca my nn

nh trn

nt

10

nt

n v thu lc

nt

nt

nt

My kim tra nhit

nt

nt

nt

Gi d khun

nt

No.

Bi trn

N0.3 Cao su c

Vng lm sch

Cao su chy v dy ra ngoi Qut bng chi

c im

10

My thu lc iu chnh du

Lng du vt qu vch
quy nh

11

Kh Dng tra du m

Lng du vt qua vch

quy nh

Dng c cha nc lm ngui

a nng

ditto

Loi du
bi

Cng
c

vng-56 Bm tay
xanh-68
xanh-68

Thi gian
Min. Ngy Tun
Thng
1

My
1
tra du
ditto

Ngi s
dng my
nt

15

Lng du vt qua vch

Bt vt bnh rng ca khp thu lc quy nh

Xanh l My tra
cy-32 du

16

Chi tit quay nn

trng c-1 Sng hi 3

m nhn

Ngi chu
trch nhim

nt
Ngi s
dng my
nt

TR CT 2 - BO TR T QUN (tt)
bo tr t qun tiu chun (lm sch, bi trn, kim tra)
Tnh trng gia cng:
No
.
21

Loi

N0.3 Cao su c
V tr

Mythu lc B phn nn du
ca my o nhit

My o du ca h
22 My thu lc thng thu lc
23
24
25
26

My thu lc ng h bm thu
lc

Ngi thc hin : Takemura Kenji

Thit b : TR - 3
c im
1.0~2.0 kg/cm2

35oC~ 55oC

Ngi duyt: Soos Laszlo

phng php Cng vic sa cha

Nhn bng
mt thng
nt

Chnh li
Tt my v gi b
phn bo tr.

Bng ng v sinh

nt

ditto

Ngy bt u: 1998. 07 29
Ngy n hn

Thi gian
Ngi chu
Min. Ngy Tun Thng trch nhim
Ngi s
1
dng my
1

nt

nt

nt

cht

Chn ca bulng Khng tht thot

Truyn lc

gi d
khun b hao mn

Khng hao mn

nhn

Thay th

nt

Dy curoa ca qut

Khng hao mn

nt

ditto

nt

Truyn lc

Ca an ton c kho Khng mt bulng

27

in

28

in

n v bng iu
khin my

29

My Thu
v kh lc

ng v my

G nh

Xit cht li

nt

xit cht li

nt

Khng h hng

nt

Thay th

nt

Khng r r hay
h hng

nt

nt

Gi b phn bo
dng

TR CT 2 - BO TR T QUN (tt)
Bc 6: Tiu chun bo tr t qun
Bc 6 gm nhng bc nh sau:
1. Chn on cc phng n sa cha nhm t cht lng tt
1.1 M t biu mu quy trnh bo m cht lng
1.2 nh gi quy trnh cht lng
1.3 Cc bin php phng nga chng li s h hng ca cc thnh phm
1.4 Trng by sn phm
1.5 Pht hin cc sn phm c cht lng xu.
2. Chn on cc phng n sa cha nhm t cht lng tt cho cc vt
liu th, dng c o, khun dn v bn ren, tnh trng gia cng
2.1. Xc nh tnh trng cht lng ca chi tit my
2.2. Truy cp tnh trng cht lng
2.3. Khc phc tnh trng cht lng.
2.4 Kim nh v chun ho cc danh mc c kim tra nhm m bo
tnh trng cht lng.
3. Thit lp h thng quy trnh m bo cht lng

TR CT 2 - BO TR T QUN (tt)
Biu mu m bo cht lng (QAFD) v quy trnh cht lng
En-1
(dng axit)

En

(a xoay lnh)

Qn-1

Qn

En
(Lin kt)

Qn+1

Cht lng

Sai s cho php

Phng n kim tra

mng

+ 0.30mm

Dng tia X o ng h
my trc vi k

Theo di kim tra

Tn sut kim tra
Ton b di
ng xon th nht ca ln S ghi chp
i con ln

Thc o li

Giy yu cu cung cp
ng xon

ng xon th nht ca

+ 1.2% b rng
Hnh dng
B mt

Qn+2

Sn phm ban u, sn phm tm thi

v thnh phm

V d v quy trnh cht lng

B rng

En+2
(thng xay)

Dy hoc thc o

Nh hn 5mm

ln i ca
Giy yu cu cung cp
con ln
1/ 3 ng xon
ng xon th nht ca ln
Giy yu cu cung cp
i con ln
con ln
1/ 3 ng xon
ng xon th nht ca ln
i con ln
1/ 5 ng xon

Sn phm ban u: bt u cng vic, thay i thit b, nh gi, thay i cng c hay khun mu
lun phin, sa cha hoc dch v, thay i l
AMSTEP60.ppt

TR CT 2 - BO TR T QUN (tt)
Nm c im trong bo m cht lng
1. Cn nh lng v xc
nh r tnh trng cht
lng

Tnh trng cht lng khng r rng

* Ngi s dng my v ngi bo tr khng nm tht chnh xc tnh trng cht
lng qun l nh th no v nhng b phn c th no ca thit b
* Tnh trng cht lng l khi nim qu rng, m h v t m.
* Tnh trng cht lng c nh gi da vo kinh nghim v cm gic ca
ngi s dng thit b.
* Khi thit b bt u vn hnh, phi thng xuyn kim tra v chy th.

2. Xc nh tnh trng
cht lng d hay kh

Xc nh tnh trng cht lng rt kh v:

* Qu trnh xc nh tnh trng cht lng l rt kh v phc tp .
* Vic thu thp v nh gi yu cu tn rt nhiu nhn cng v thi gian

3. Tnh trng cht lng

c nhiu bin ng

Tnh trng cht lng lun c nhiu bin ng

Li h hng c sa cha c th ti din mc d chng c iu chnh
thng xuyn trong thi gian vn hnh.
* Tin hnh thng xuyn s iu chnh v sa cha trong thi gian vn hnh

4. Tm ra s thay i ca
tnh trng cht lng l
kh hay d

Tm ra s thay i ca tnh trng cht lng l rt kh

S thay i ca tnh trng cht lng ch c pht hin khi c mt s lng ln
sn phm sn xut ra b km cht lng
* Rt kh nh dng nhng thay i trong tnh trng cht lng.

5. Khc phc nhng thay

i trong tnh trng cht
lng l kh hay d

Khc phc nhng thay i trong tnh trng cht lng l rt kh

Vic tho d thit b cn m bo tnh trng cht lng do cn nhiu thi gian
v nhn lc
Mun tin hnh v kt thc cng vic i hi phi khc phc ht cc s c
v cht lng ca cc chi tit. iu ny yu cu s tham gia ca b phn bo tr

TR CT 2 - BO TR T QUN (tt)
Lm th no ngn chn s c v h hng
ca thnh phm
Cht lng sn phm
* nh ngha r rng ?
* C cn thit lm khng?
* C d hiu khng?
* C c quan st tt khng ?
* D quan st khng ?
* C th pht hin ngay ra h hng nu xy ra s c v cht lng hay khng ?
* Ghi chp li nhng ln kim tra
* Ghi chp li qu trnh vn hnh

Tiu hu: sau khi nh gi, sn phm hng cn b tiu hu.

Sn phm cht lng xu

Sa cha : sau khi nh gi, sn phm hng cn c sa cha

theo quy trnh hin ti hoc quy trnh ngc
Gi li : nh gi phi c thc hin bi b phn bo m cht lng
Ti sn xut: sau khi nh gi, mt phn hoc ton b sn phm c th c ti
s dng.

TR CT 2 - BO TR T QUN (tt)
- Tr ct ny nhm phat trin kha nng ngi vn hnh ph
trach nhng cng vic bao tri nh, giai phng cho cac nhn
vin bao tri tay ngh cao dnh thi gian cho hat ng tao ra
gia tr gia tng cao hn v nhng cng vic k thut phc tap.
- Ngi vn hnh chu trach nhim chm sc may phng
tranh may xung cp.

Chnh sch:
- Hoat ng ca thit b khng b gian oan.
- Ngi vn hnh linh hoat trong vn hnh v bao tri thit b.
- Loai b cac khuyt tt tai ngun thng qua s tham gia tch
cc ca nhn vin.
- Thc hin tng bc cac hoat ng bao tri t quan.

72

TR CT 2 - BO TR T QUN (tt)

Cc mc tiu ca bo tr t qun

- Phng nga cac s c xay ra do bao tri t quan.

- Giam tiu th du khoang 50%.
- Giam thi gian thc hin cng vic bao tri
khoang 50%.
- Tng cng vic bao tri t quan khoang 50%.

73

TR CT 3

KAIZEN

TR CT 3 - KAIZEN
-"Kai" c ngha l thay i, v "Zen" c ngha l tt (cho tt hn).
V c ban kaizen l cai tin nh, nhng c thc hin trn c s
lin tc v lin quan n tt ca mi ngi trong t chc.
- Kaizen l i lp vi i mi ln.
- Kaizen khng cn u t nhiu.
- Nguyn tc l nhiu cai tin nh hiu qua hn mt vi cai tin c
gi tr ln.
- Tr ct ny nhm giam bt thit hai tai ni lm vic c anh hng
n hiu qua hat ng ca thit b.
- p dng mt qui trnh chi tit v ton din loai b nhng thit
hai bng cch s dng c h thng cc cng c Kaizen khc nhau.
- Nhng hoat ng ny khng ch gii han cho cc khu vc san xut
v m cn c th c thc hin trong khu vc hnh chnh na.
75

Chnh sch Kaizen

1. Thc hnh cc khi nim zero thit hai trong
tng lnh vc hat ng.
2. Khng ngng theo ui at c cc mc
tiu ct giam chi ph trong tt ca cc ngun lc.
3. Khng ngng theo ui cai thin hiu qua s
dng thit b trong ton nh my.
4. S dng rng ri cc cng c phn tch trong
hat ng bao tr loai b cc thit hai.
5. Tp trung vo cc cng vic bao tr ca ngi
vn hnh.

TR CT 3 - KAIZEN

Mc tiu ca Kaizen:
- at v duy tri zero thit hai i vi s c ngng may lt
vt, o lng v iu chnh, khuyt tt v nhng ln ngng
may khng tranh c.
- Giam 30% chi ph san xut.

Cc cng c dng trong Kaizen:

- Phn tch nguyn nhn gc r.
- Cac phng phap t duy hiu qua.
- Cac phng phap giai quyt vn .
- Tng hp cac thit hai.
- Bang tm tt Kaizen.

- Biu xng ca.

- TRIZ
- 5 Why.
- ng no.
- ng k Kaizen.

TR CT 3 - KAIZEN

- Mc tiu ca TPM l cc ai ha hiu qua s dng

thit b, vt t, nng lng v nng sut ca ngi
vn hnh.
- Cac hoat ng Kaizen nhm loai b hon ton 16
loai thit hai.

TR CT 3 - KAIZEN
16 loai thit hai chnh trong mt t chc
Thit hi
1. Nhng thit hi do h hng/ ngng my
2. Nhng thit hi do ci t/ iu chnh
3. Thit hi do lui ct
4. Thit hi do khi ng
5. Thit hi do ngng my lt vt/ chy
khng
6. Thit hi do tc - vn hnh tc
thp
7. Thit hi do khuyt tt/ gia cng li
8. Thit hi do ngng my c k hoch

Loi
Nhng thit hi
lm nh hng
hiu sut thit
b

79

TR CT 3 - KAIZEN
16 loai thit hai chnh trong mt t chc (tt)
Thit hi
9. Thit hi do qun l
10. Thit hi do thao tc vn hnh
11. Thit hi do t chc kiu hng dc

12. Thit hi v hu cn
13. Thit hi do o lng v iu chnh
14. Thit hi v nng lng
15. Thit hi do h hng khun, g,
dng c

16. Thit hi v nng sut

Loi

Nhng thit hi lm
nh hng hiu
sut lm vic ca
con ngi
Nhng thit hi lm
nh hng hiu qu
s dng cc ngun
lc sn xut
80

TR CT 3 - KAIZEN
Loi
Nguyn nhn

Thit hi l t

Thit hi mn tnh

D dng theo di nhng nguyn Khng d dng nhn dng v gii

nhn gy ra h hng v mi quan quyt thit hi ny mc d c th p
dng mt s gii php khc phc
h nguyn nhn hu qu

Bin php khc D dng thit lp mt bin php

phc
khc phc hu qu

y l loi thit hi b gy ra do
khuyt tt tim n trong my, thit b
v phng php.

Tc ng / Thit Mt thit hi thi cng c th

hi
ng k

Mt nguyn nhn duy nht l him

thng l kt hp mt s nguyn
nhn c xu hng tr thnh quy lut

Tn s xut
hin

Tn s xut hin thp v thnh

thong

Tn s thit hi th nhiu hn

Hnh ng
phc hi

Ngi sn xut c th tham gia

gii quyt vn

Cn chuyn gia v k thut sn

xut, m bo cht lng v bo tr
81

TR CT 4
BO TR CO KE HOACH

TR CT 4 - BO TR C K HOCH
- Bao tri c k hoach nhm phng tranh h hng may
v san phm khng b khuyt tt lm hi lng khach
hng.
- Cac t bao tri ny tao thnh mt s nhm c
xac nh trc .
- Vi bao tri c k hoach, ngi ta n lc chuyn t
bao tri b ng sang ch ng v dng nhn vin bao
tri c o tao gip o tao nhng ngi vn
hnh bao tri tt hn thit b ca h.

83

TR CT 4 - BO TR C K HOCH

Chnh sch:
- at c v duy tr kha nng sn sng ca my mc.
- at chi ph bao tr ti u.
- Giam ph tng tn kho.
- Cai thin tin cy v kha nng bao tr ca my mc.

84

TR CT 4 - BO TR C K HOCH

Mc tiu:
1. S ln h hng v ngng my bng 0.
2. Cai thin tin cy v kha nng bao tr khoang 50%.
3. Giam chi ph bao tr khoang 20%
4. am bao kha nng sn sng ca ph tng mi lc.

85

TR CT 4 - BO TR C K HOCH
Su bc thc hin bao tr c k hoach:
1. anh gi thit b v ghi nhn lai tnh trang hin tai.
2. Duy tr tnh trang hoc phc hi s xung cp ca thit b.
3. Xy dng h thng quan l thng tin.
4. Chun b h thng thng tin da trn thi gian, chn thit
b, ph tng, nhn vin bao tr v lp k hoach.
5. Chun b h thng bao tr phng nga gin tip bng
cch s dng cc k thut chn oan thit b.
6. anh gi cng tc bao tr c k hoach.
86

TR CT 5
BO TR M BO
CHT LNG

TR CT 5: BO TR M BO CHT LNG
- Nhm hng ti nim vui ca khch hng nh cht
lng cao nht thng qua san xut khng c khuyt tt.
- Tp trung vo vic loai b cc im khng ph hp
mt cch c h thng nh tp trung vo cai tin.
- at c s hiu bit v nhng b phn ca thit b
anh hng n cht lng san phm v bt u loai b
nhng mi quan tm cht lng hin tai, sau chuyn
sang nhng mi quan tm cht lng tim n.
- Chuyn t b ng sang ch ng (kim sot cht
lng sang am bao cht lng).
88

TR CT 5: BO TR M BO CHT LNG
Hoat ng quan l cht lng l thit lp nhng
iu kin ca trang thit b nhm ngn nga khim
khuyt cht lng, da trn khi nim c ban l bao tr
cho thit b c hon hao duy tr cht lng san
phm c hon hao.
iu kin khi kim tra v o lng phai theo tiu
chun nhm phng nga khuyt tt.
Cn theo di qu trnh thay i ca cc gi tr o c
d oan kha nng pht sinh khuyt tt v c bin
php i ph trc khi xay ra.
89

TR CT 5: BO TR M BO CHT LNG

Chnh sch:
- Nhng iu kin khng c khuyt tt v kim sot
cc thit b.
- Hoat ng quan l cht lng h tr am bao cht
lng.
- Tp trung phng nga khuyt tt tai ngun.
- Tp trung vo h thng chng sai li (poka-yoke).
- Pht hin v s phn bit khuyt tt tai hin trng.
- Thc hin hiu qua vic am bao cht lng cho
ngi vn hnh.
90

TR CT 5: BO TR M BO CHT LNG

Mc tiu:
1. at c v duy tr s ln khch hng khiu nai bng
khng.
2. Giam ph phm trong qu trnh san xut khoang 50%.
3. Giam chi ph cht lng khoang 50%.

91

TR CT 6

O TO

TR CT 6: O TO
- Nhm mc ch c nhng nhn vin a k nng, c tinh
thn trch nhim v nhit tnh trong cng vic thc hin
hiu qua tt ca cc nhim v yu cu mt cch hiu qua v
c lp.
- o tao ngi vn hnh nng cp k nng ca h. Ch
bit cch lm nh th no l cha , h cng cn hc
"bit l do tai sao".
- Bng kinh nghim h c c, bit cch lm nh th no
l khc phc mt vn cn phai lm.
- H lm iu ny m khng bit nguyn nhn gc r ca vn
v tai sao h lm nh vy.
- Do cn o tao h "bit l do tai sao".
- Cn o tao nhn vin trai qua bn giai oan ca k nng.
- Mc ch l tao ra mt nh my y cc chuyn gia.
93

TR CT 6: O TO
Cc giai oan khc nhau ca k nng:
-

Giai oan 1: Khng bit.

Giai oan 2: Bit l thuyt nhng khng th lm.
Giai oan 3: C th lm nhng khng th day
Giai oan 4: C th lm v cng c th day.

94

TR CT 6: O TO
Chnh sch:
1. Tp trung vo vic nng cao kin thc, k nng v
k thut.
2. Tao ra mt mi trng o tao t hc da trn
nhu cu.
3. Chng trnh / cng c / anh gi o tao phai dn
n nhn vin hng hi lm vic.
4. o tao loai b mt nhc ca nhn vin v lm
cho cng vic th v hn.
95

TR CT 6: O TO
Mc tiu:
1. at c v duy tr thi gian ngng my bng
khng tai cc thit b quan trng.
2. at c v duy tr tnh trang khng b thit hai do
thiu kin thc / k nng / k thut.
3. at 100% nhn vin tham gia chng trnh xut.

96

TR CT 6: O TO
Cc bc o to:
1. Thit lp cc chnh sch, u tin v kim tra hin
trang o tao.
2. Thit lp h thng o tao nng cao k nng vn
hnh v bao tr.
3. o tao nng cao k nng vn hnh v bao tr cho
cc nhn vin.
4. Chun b lch o tao.
5. Khi ng h thng o tao.
6. anh gi hoat ng o tao v xc nh hng pht
trin trong tng lai.
97

TR CT 7
TPM VN PHNG

TR CT 7 TPM VN PHNG
TPM vn phng l nhm nng cao nng
sut, hiu qua trong cac b phn hnh chnh,
nhn dang v loai b nhng thit hai.
Cac cng vic bao gm phn tch nhng
quy trinh v th tc theo hng gia tng t
ng ha vn phng.
TPM vn phng lin quan n mi hai
thit hai ln.
99

TR CT 7 TPM VN PHNG
Mi hai thit hi
1. Thit hai do x l.
2. Tn tht chi ph trong cc lnh vc nh mua sm,
k ton, tip th, bn hng dn n tn kho cao.
3. Thit hai do mt thng tin lin lac.
4. Thit hai do nhn ri.
5. Thit hai do ci t.
6. Thit hai do chnh xc.
100

TR CT 7 TPM VN PHNG
Mi hai thit hi (tt)
7. Thit hai do thit b vn phng b s c.
8. Thit hai do cc knh truyn thng, in thoai, fax,
Internet b s c.
9. Thit hai do mt thi gian phc hi thng tin.
10. Thit hai do khng sn sng thng tin v tn kho.
11. Thit hai do khiu nai ca khch hng v hu cn.
12. Thit hai do chi ph gi hng, mua hng khn
cp.
101

TR CT 8
AN TON, SC KHE V
MI TRNG

TR CT 8 - AN TON, SC KHE V MI TRNG

Mc tiu:
- Khng tai nan.
- Khng tac ng n sc khe.
- Khng chay n.

103

TR CT 8 - AN TON, SC KHE V MI TRNG

Tp trung tao ra ch lm vic v khu vc xung quanh an

ton.
Tr ct ny ng mt vai tr tch cc v c mt thng
xuyn trong cac ct tr khac.
Mt y ban c thnh lp cho tr ct ny trong bao
gm ai din ca vin chc cng nh ngi lao ng, ng
u l lnh ao ca t chc.
y ban ny do Ph Ch tch cao cp (k thut). - Tm
quan trng ti a an ton c a ra trong nh may.
Quan l (an ton) ang tim kim sau khi cac chc nng lin
quan n an ton.
Tao ra nhn thc trong cac nhn vin thng qua cac cuc
thi khac nhau nh khu hiu an ton, vui, kch, poster,
v.v lin quan n an ton, c t chc thng xuyn.

104

TR CT 9
H THNG QUN L BO TR
BNG MY TNH (CMMS)

TR CT 9 - CMMS
CMMS l g ? (1)
CMMS l mt h thng phn mm ng dng nhm gip
doanh nghip hay t chc quan l thit b, ti san; lp k
hoach, iu v gim st BT; thu thp, x l v bo co
cc d liu, lch s lin quan n chi ph, vt t/ph tng,
nhn s, dng c, thit b bao tr.
CMMS c th tch hp vi cc h thng iu san xut,
k ton chi ph, quan l kho, quan l nhn s, quan l
cung ng, v.v... ca mt h thng ERP nhm nng cao
hiu qua quan l DN qua h thng mang my tnh.
106

TR CT 9 - CMMS
CMMS l g ? (2)
u vo ca h thng CMMS l cc thng tin
chnh xc v thit b cn bao tr (BT), cc ph tng
ca n v cc yu cu ca iu san xut i vi
my ny.
Cc ngun lc v qu thi gian BT phai lun sn
sng v ph hp vi iu san xut. Vt t, ph
tng BT phai c mua hoc chun b trc theo k
hoach hon thnh BT ng lc v ng thi han.
107

TR CT 9 - CMMS

108

Nhng li ch nhn c khi ng dng CMMS (1)

1. Ti a ho thi gian hot ng ca thit b (1)

am bao tin cy ca thit b, cn phai
ap ng mt cach nhanh chng cac yu cu BT.
Vi CMMS, c th xc nh ngay lp tc
ngun nhn lc v cc cng vic cn giai quyt
pht hnh phiu bao tr.
CMMS cng cho php lp k hoach bao tri
phng nga v kim soat k hoach mt cach
d dng.
T , nhng thit b n gian cho n phc tap
s lun trong tinh trang sn sng.

109

Nhng li ch nhn c khi ng dng CMMS (2)

1. Ti a ho thi gian hot ng ca thit b (2)

C th l:
- Kh nng sn sng ca thit b A c gia tng
nh giam thi gian ngng may n 20%. Nh vy
OEE cng tng ln tng ng.
-Cac h hng k tip c giam i.

- Vn hnh nh may c cai thin, c th ko di

tui th thit b thm 10%.
110

Nhng li ch nhn c khi ng dng CMMS (3)

2. p ng c cc mc tiu sn xut (1)

- Giam tn kho, c th t 10 20% tng gia tr
ph tng lu kho.
- Cht lng san phm c cai thin.
- An ton c cai thin.

- Chi ph vn hnh giam n mc ti thiu.

- Chi ph u t thit b giam n mc ti thiu.

111

Nhng li ch nhn c khi ng dng CMMS (4)

2. p ng c cc mc tiu sn xut (2)

- Chi ph bao tri giam n mc ti thiu.

- Kha nng thoa mn khach hng c cai thin.
- Kha nng bao tri c cai thin.

- Tit kim chi ph nng lng.

- Nng sut c cai thin.

112

Nhng li ch nhn c khi ng dng CMMS (5)

2. p ng c cc mc tiu sn xut (3)

- Ti a hoa san lng.

- Giam thiu 6 loai lng ph:
@ Ngng may.
@ Ci t v iu chnh.
@ H hng nh.
@ Tc giam.
@ Ph phm do khi ng lai my.
@ Ph phm trong qu trnh san xut.
113

Nhng li ch nhn c khi ng dng CMMS (6)

3. T chc d liu v cc hot ng bo tr c

hiu qu hn (1)
Kt qua nhn c l:
- Giam chi ph mua thit b.
- S dng cac ngun lc bao tri ti u.
- S dng lao ng bao tri c hiu qua hn.
- S lng nhn vin bao tri c giam bt do tit
kim c thi gian so vi quan l th cng.
- Tit kim giy t vn phng.
114

Nhng li ch nhn c khi ng dng CMMS (7)

3. T chc d liu v cc hot ng bo tr c

hiu qu hn (1)
Kt qua nhn c l:
- Giam chi ph mua thit b.
- S dng cac ngun lc bao tri ti u.
- S dng lao ng bao tri c hiu qua hn.
- S lng nhn vin bao tri c giam bt do tit
kim c thi gian so vi quan l th cng.
- Tit kim giy t vn phng.
115

Nhng li ch nhn c khi ng dng CMMS (8)

3. T chc d liu v cc hot ng bo tr c

hiu qu hn (2)
- Kim soat hoat ng v hoach nh s dng
ngun nhn lc cho cng vic bao tri c cai
thin.
- Thng tin ni b gia cac phng ban trong cng
ty c cai thin.
- Linh hoat khi thm vo, xoa hay sa i thng
tin.
- Bao am kim soat c hiu qua.
- Tnh chi ph bao tri nhanh chng.

116

Nhng li ch nhn c khi ng dng CMMS (9)

4. Thc hin cng vic bo tr hiu qu hn

- Giam thi gian lm vic BT ngoi gi.
- Nng sut lao ng BT c cai thin.
- Kim soat cac dng c v cac thit b BT hiu qua .
- Theo di ti san v nhn s BT trc quan hn.
- anh gia iu kin thit b chnh xac hn.
- Kim soat cac cng vic BT cha hon thnh hiu qua hn.

- Kim sot chi ph, hiu sut thc hin cng vic.
- Quan l cng vic ca tng nhn vin, tng t, quan l
nhng cng vic cha hon thnh (backlog), xc nh
mc u tin ca cc cng vic v thc hin iu
cng vic.

117

Nhng li ch nhn c khi ng dng CMMS (10)

5. Cung cp y cc thng tin cho qu trnh s

dng v bo tr thit b
Li ch quan trng nht ca CMMS l cung cp cc
thng tin cn thit t nhng c s d liu lin quan
n ton b chu k sng ca thit b, t lc mua v
cho ti khi thanh l.

Ban thnh cng hay tht bai, iu ph thuc vo

vic thu thp, x l v s dng thng tin.
(Bill Gates)
118

Nhng li ch nhn c khi ng dng CMMS (11)

6. Ci thin vic lp k hoch, iu v kim

sot cng tc bo tr
CMMS gip nng cao hiu qua ca vic lp k
hoach, iu v kim sot cng tc bao tr.

119

Nhng li ch nhn c khi ng dng CMMS (12)

7. Ko di tui th ca chi tit, b phn v thit b

- CMMS gip t ng lp k hoach bao tr nh k.
Nhng cng vic bao tr s c chuyn sang cc
Phiu bao tr thc hin.
- CMMS cn gip theo di tnh trang thit b v yu
cu ca ngi s dng nhm trnh nhng h hng
t xut v bao tr ngoi k hoach.
- Vic thc hin ng cch cc hnh thc bao tr
phng nga gip ko di tui th ca chi tit, b
phn v thit b.
120

Nhng li ch nhn c khi ng dng CMMS (13)

8. Thit lp chun thc hin cho cc cng vic

bo tr
-Vic tch hp ton b cc quy nh thc hin chun
cho cc cng vic bao tr v chia s chng trn ton
cng ty s gip n nh cht lng ca cc cng
vic bao tr.
- nh mc chun gip nng cao nng sut v cht
lng cng vic bao tr.
121

Ai cn CMMS ?
Tt ca cc cng ty c s dng nhiu thit b, hay thit b phc
tap u cn CMMS.
Nhng cng ty sau y c bit cn CMMS:

S dng thit b t tin (lng ph do ngng my cao);

Tnh trang thit b km c th gy chy n (thit b lm

vic di p lc cao, ch bin lu tr xng du, ...);

Cht lng san phm anh hng n sc kho ca ngi

tiu dng (dc phm, thc phm).

S dng thit b theo dang dy chuyn (mt my dng

khin ca dy chuyn dng);

122

Khi no cn CMMS?

Khi s lng d liu nhiu khin vic kim soat

khng c phn mm tr nn kh khn.

Cn ct giam chi ph nhn lc cho vic quan l

bao tri (thng k, bao cao).

Cn rt ngn thi gian c bao cao tng hp cho

cac mc ch quan tr.

123

TR CT 10
LEAN
+
SIX SIGMA

TIN TRNH DMAIC

1. Xc nh - Define (D) (1)
Mc tiu ca bc Xc nh l lm r vn cn giai quyt,
cc yu cu v mc tiu ca d n. Cc mc tiu ca mt d n
nn tp trung vo nhng vn then cht lin kt vi chin lc
kinh doanh ca cng ty v cc yu cu ca khch hng.
Bc Xc nh bao gm:
Xc nh cc yu cu ca khch hng c lin quan n d n cai
tin. Cc yu cu c lm r t pha khch hng c gi l cc
c tnh Cht lng thit yu (Critical-to-Quality);
Xy dng cc nh ngha v khuyt tt cng chnh xc cng tt;
Tin hnh nghin cu mc so snh (thng s o lng chung v
mc thc hin trc khi d n cai tin bt u);
T chc nhm d n cng vi ngi u (Champion);
c tnh anh hng v mt ti chnh ca vn ; v
Chp thun ca lnh ao cp cao cho tin hnh d n.
125

TIN TRNH DMAIC

1. Xc nh - Define (D) (2)
Cc cng c c p dng ph bin nht trong bc ny bao
gm:
Bang tm lc d n (Project Charter): l ti liu m ta r rng
cc vn , nh ngha khuyt tt, cc thng tin v thnh vin ca
nhm d n, mc tiu ca d n s thc hin v ghi nhn s cam
kt h tr thc hin ca nhng ngi lin quan.
Biu xu hng (Trend Chart): Biu th trc quan xu hng
cc li, khuyt tt xut hin sau mt thi gian.
Biu Pareto (80/20): Biu th trc quan mc tc ng tch
cc v tiu cc gia tc nhn u vo ti kt qua u ra hoc
mc khuyt tt.
Lu qu trnh (Process Flow Chart): cho bit cch thc hoat
ng v trnh t cc bc thc hin ca qu trnh hin tai.
126

TIN TRNH DMAIC

2. o lng - Measure (M) (1)
Mc tiu ca bc o lng nhm gip hiu tng tn mc
thc hin trong hin tai bng cch xc nh cch thc tt nht
anh gi kha nng hin thi v bt u tin hnh vic o lng.
Cc h thng o lng nn hu dng, c lin quan n vic xc
nh v o lng ngun tao ra bin ng.
Bc ny gm:
Xc nh cc yu cu thc hin c th c lin quan n cc c
tnh Cht Lng Thit Yu (CTQ);
Lp cc s qu trnh (process map) lin quan vi cc yu t
u vo (Input/X) v u ra (Output/Y) c xc nh m trong
, mi bc ca quy trnh, cn th hin mi lin kt ca cc
tc nhn u vo c th tc ng n yu t u ra;
127

TIN TRNH DMAIC

2. o lng - Measure (M) (2)
Lp danh sch ca cc h thng o lng tim nng;
Phn tch kha nng h thng o lng v thit lp mc so snh
v nng lc ca quy trnh;
Xc nh khu vc m nhng sai st trong h thng o lng c
th xay ra;
Tin hnh o lng v thu thp d liu cc tc nhn u vo,
cc quy trnh v u ra;
Kim chng s hin hu ca vn da trn cc h thng o
lng;
Lm r vn hay mc tiu ca d n.

128

TIN TRNH DMAIC

2. o lng - Measure (M) (3)
Cc cng c c th ng dng ph hp nht trong bc ny bao gm:
Biu xng c: th hin cc mi lin h gia cc yu t u
vo v cc kt qua u ra.
Lu qu trnh: hiu r cc qui trnh hin tai v tao iu kin
cho nhm d n c th xc nh c cc lng ph tim n.
Ma trn nhn - qua: nh lng mc tc ng ca mi yu t u
vo dn n s bin thin ca cc kt qua u ra.
Phn tch dang v tc ng ca h hng (FMEA): s dng cng c
ny trong bc o lng s gip chng ta xc nh v thc hin
cc bin php khc phc tam thi giam thiu khuyt tt v tit
kim chi ph cng sm cng tt.
anh gi tin cy ca h thng o lng: c s dng phn
tch s bin thin ca cc thnh phn ca h thng o lng theo
s lm giam thiu s thiu tin cy ca cc h thng o lng. 129

TIN TRNH DMAIC

3. Phn tch - Analyze (A) (1)
Trong bc Phn tch, cc thng s thu thp c trong bc o
lng c phn tch cc gia thuyt v cn nguyn ca bin
ng trong cc thng s c tao lp v tin hnh kim chng
sau .
Chnh bc ny, cc vn san xut, kinh doanh thc t c
chuyn sang cc s liu thng k, gm c:
Lp gia thuyt v cn nguyn tim n gy nn dao ng v cc
yu t u vo thit yu (X);
Xc nh mt vi tc nhn v yu t u vo chnh c tc ng
r rt nht; v
Kim chng nhng gia thuyt ny bng phn tch a bin
(Multivariate).
130

TIN TRNH DMAIC

3. Phn tch - Analyze (A) (1)
Trong bc Phn tch, cc thng s thu thp c trong bc o
lng c phn tch cc gia thuyt v cn nguyn ca bin
ng trong cc thng s c tao lp v tin hnh kim chng
sau .
Chnh bc ny, cc vn san xut, kinh doanh thc t c
chuyn sang cc s liu thng k, gm c:
Lp gia thuyt v cn nguyn tim n gy nn dao ng v cc
yu t u vo thit yu (X);
Xc nh mt vi tc nhn v yu t u vo chnh c tc ng
r rt nht; v
Kim chng nhng gia thuyt ny bng phn tch a bin
(Multivariate).
131

TIN TRNH DMAIC

3. Phn tch - Analyze (A) (2)
Cc phng php v cng c thng k c s dng cho bc ny:
5 Ti sao (Five Whys): s dng cng c ny hiu c cc
nguyn nhn su xa ca khuyt tt trong mt qui trnh hay san
phm, v c th ph v cc mc nh sai lm trc y v cc
nguyn nhn.
nh gi cc c tnh phn b (Descriptive Statistics,
Histograms): cng c ny dung xc minh c tnh ca cc d
liu thu thp c l bnh thng hay bt bnh thng nhm
gip ta chn cc cng c phn tch thng k thch hp v sau.
Phn tch tng quan/hi qui (Correlation/Regression
Analysis): Nhm xc nh mi quan h gia cc yu t u vo
ca qui trnh v cc kt qua u ra hoc mi tng quan gia hai
nhm d liu bin thin.
132

TIN TRNH DMAIC

3. Phn tch - Analyze (A) (3)
th tc nhn chnh (Main Effect Plot): Hin th cc tc nhn
chnh trong s cc tc nhn c nghin cu.
Phn tch phng sai (ANOVA): y l cng c thng k suy lun
c thit k kim tra s khc bit ang k gia gi tr trung
bnh cng (mean) gia hai hoc nhiu tp hp mu.
Hon thnh bng FMEA (Failure Mode and Effect Analysis): p
dng cng c ny trn qui trnh hin tai gip ta xc nh cc hnh
ng cai thin ph hp ngn nga khuyt tt ti din.
Cc phng php kim chng gi thuyt (Hypothesis testing
methods): y l tp hp cc php kim tra nhm mc ch xc
nh ngun gc ca s dao ng bng cch s dng cc s liu
trong qu kh hoc hin tai cung cp cc cu tra li khch
quan cho cc cu hi m trc y thng c tra li mt cch
ch quan.
133

TIN TRNH DMAIC

4. Ci tin - Improve (I) (1)
Bc Cai tin tp trung pht trin cc giai php nhm loai tr cn
nguyn ca dao ng, kim chng v chun ho cc giai php.
Bc ny bao gm:
Xc nh cch thc nhm loai b cn nguyn gy dao ng;
Kim chng cc tc nhn u vo chnh;
Khm ph mi quan h gia cc bin s;
Thit lp dung sai cho qu trnh, cn gi l gii han trn v
di ca cc thng s k thut hay yu cu ca khch hng i
vi mt quy trnh nhm anh gi mc ap ng ca mt c
tnh c th, v nu quy trnh vn hnh n nh bn trong cc gii
han ny s gip tao ra san phm hay dch v at cht lng mong
mun;
Ti u cc tc nhn u vo chnh hoc ti lp cc thng s ca
quy trnh lin quan.
134

TIN TRNH DMAIC

4. Ci tin - Improve (I) (2)
Cc cng c thng c p dng bao gm:
S qu trnh (Process Mapping): cng c ny gip ta ti hin
lai qui trnh mi sau khi thc hin vic cai tin.
Phn tch nng lc qu trnh: nhm kim tra nng lc ca qui
trnh sau khi thc hin cc hnh ng cai tin bao am rng
chng ta at c cc cai thin tht s trong vic ngn nga
khuyt tt
Thit k cc th nghim nghim (DOE) y l tp hp cc th
nghim c lp k hoach xc nh cc ch /thng s
hoat ng ti u nhm at c cc kt qua u ra nh mong
mun v xc nhn cc cai tin.

135

TIN TRNH DMAIC

5. Kim sot - Control (C) (1)
Mc tiu ca bc Kim sot l thit lp cc thng s o lng
chun duy tr kt qua v khc phc cc vn khi cn, bao
gm ca cc vn ca h thng o lng.
Bc ny bao gm:
Hon thin h thng o lng;
Kim chng nng lc di han ca quy trnh;
Trin khai vic kim sot quy trnh bng k hoach kim sot
nhm am bao cc vn khng cn ti din bng cch lin tc
gim st nhng quy trnh c lin quan.

136

TIN TRNH DMAIC

5. Kim sot - Control (C) (2)
Cc cng c thch hp c s dng trong bc ny bao gm:
K hoach kim sot (Control Plans): y l mt hoc tp hp cc
ti liu ghi r cc hnh ng, bao gm ca lch thc hin v trch
nhim cn thit kim sot cc tc nhn bin thin u vo chnh
yu vi cc ch hoat ng ti u.
Lu qui trnh vi cc mc kim sot: bao gm mt s n l
hoc tp hp cc s biu th trc quan cc qui trnh mi.
Cc biu kim sot qui trnh bng thng k (SPC): tp hp cc
biu gip theo di cc qui trnh bng cch hin th cc d liu theo
thi gian gia gii han tiu chun cn trn (USL) v gii han tiu
chun cn di (LSL) cng vi mt ng trung tm (CL) .
Cc phiu kim tra (Check Sheets): cng c ny cho php lu gi v thu
thp mt cch c h thng cc d liu t cc ngun trong qu kh, hoc
qua s kin pht sinh.
137

TR CT 10 LEAN 6 SIGMA

Bao tri tinh gn

ap dng cac ni dung ca
Tinh gn v Sau sigma vo
trong cac hoat ng bao tri.
138

TR CT 11
LP K HOCH V
KIM SOT BO TR

TR CT 11 LP K HOCH V KIM SOT BO TR

MC CH (1)
- am bao thi han ieu o (ngay san xuat va giao
hang), so lng giao hang va chat lng san pham.
- Phong nga nh tre san xuat gay ra do h hong
may, chi ph khong can thiet (v du phai tai che) va
nhng mat mat (v du mat mat nang lng, chi ph do
khach hang t choi nhan san pham).
- am bao phu hp vi cac qui nh phap luat (an
toan nghe nghiep, bao ve moi trng, s tin cay, v.v).
- Khai thac toi u nhng tiem nang cua may moc,
thiet b trong suot chu ky song.
140

TR CT 11 LP K HOCH V KIM SOT BO TR

MC CH (2)
- am bao rang cong viec bao tr khong ke hoach co the
c giai quyet cang n gian cang tot.
- Toi u hoa ty le gia chi ph nhan cong vi cong viec bao
tr bang cach s dung lao ong thch hp vi cong viec.
- Toi u hoa ty le gia chi ph vat t vi nhng no lc bao
tr bang cach lu tr va cung cap phu tung mot cach co
hieu qua.
- Minh bach hoa cac hoat ong bao tr va quan ly thiet b.
- Nang cao an toan khi van hanh.
- Nang cao tinh than lam viec cua cong nhan bang cach toi
u hoa cac cong oan va bo tr cong viec phu hp vi kha
nang cua ho.
141

TR CT 11 LP K HOCH V KIM SOT BO TR

e at hieu qua, viec lap ke hoach bao tr phai am bao:

- Xac nh ung nguon lc (WHO)
- ung thong tin
- en ung ni (WHERE)
- Vao ung thi iem (WHEN)
- Thc hien ung viec (WHAT)
- Lam ung cach (HOW)

142

TR CT 11 LP K HOCH V KIM SOT BO TR

Nhng noi dung cua viec lap ke hoach (1):

- Lap ke hoach muc tieu (v du: kha nang san sang, hieu
qua s dung nguon lc lao ong).
- Lap ke hoach thc hien cac nhiem vu va qui trnh e at
c muc tieu (ke hoach ve kha nang san xuat, lap ke
hoach vat t, lap ke hoach ve chi ph).
-Lap ke hoach cac nguon lc e thc hien cong viec (cac
cong cu lap ke hoach ho tr nh bieu o thanh, xac nh ro
thi gian cho phep va thi gian thc te s dung).
- Lap ke hoach ve so lng va chat lng cua cac hoat
ong bao tr co ke hoach va d phong cho bao tr khong
ke hoach.
143

TR CT 11 LP K HOCH V KIM SOT BO TR

Nhng noi dung cua viec lap ke hoach (2):

- ieu o phoi hp chat che vi san xuat (v du s dung cac

ca so bao tr cho cac cong viec bao tr co ke hoach).
- Phan quyen u tien cho cac phieu bao tr (v du, u tien
cao nhat cho cac bo phan quan trong co the gay ngng
may).
- Lap ke hoach nhan lc (ben trong va ben ngoai), phu
tung va dung cu.
- Ke hoach lu kho va at mua phu tung.
- Phan cong thc hien cong viec bao tr.
- Giam sat cong viec (kiem soat tien o thc hien cong
viec va ieu chnh neu phat hien co sai lech).
144

TR CT 11 LP K HOCH V KIM SOT BO TR

Nhng noi dung cua kiem soat bao tr (1):

Kiem soat bao tr lien quan en viec kiem soat qua trnh
thc hien cong viec bao tr, bao cao va phan tch ket qua
cong viec bao tr.
- Ngi quan ly bao tr ky lenh thc hien cac WR/WO.
- Cac nhan vien bao tr ky WR/WO va trien khai thc
hien.
- Tnh chi ph vat t va nhan lc cho cac WR/WO nay.
- Tat ca nhng s viec xay ra trong thc te eu c ghi
nhan.
- Cac nguyen nhan gay h hong c xac nh va x ly.
145

TR CT 11 LP K HOCH V KIM SOT BO TR

Nhng noi dung cua kiem soat bao tr (2):

- Thong tin ve cac cong viec hoan thanh c gi
en ngi quan ly.
- Thong tin ve WO c ghi lai trong lch s thiet
b.
- Ngi lap ke hoach xem xet, oi chieu cong
viec a thc hien so vi ke hoach.
- Ngi lap ke hoach ghi nhan nhng khac biet so
vi ke hoach.
- Ngi lap ke hoach ghi nhan nhng s kien quan
trong a neu trong ke hoach.

146

TR CT 11 LP K HOCH V KIM SOT BO TR

Nhng cong viec cu the cua kiem soat bao tr (1):

a/ Kiem soat qua trnh thc hien cua tng WR/WO:

- Xac nh thi gian nh mc cua cong viec.

- oi chieu vi bang ieu o.
- Kiem soat chi ph.
- Xem xet ve an toan.
- Chat lng cong viec.
- Xem xet ve moi trng, v.v

147

TR CT 11 LP K HOCH V KIM SOT BO TR

Nhng cong viec cu the cua kiem soat bao tr (2):

b/ Ghi chep va phan tch cac ket qua cong viec bao tr:

- Xem xet lai phng phap lap ke hoach.

- Xac nh cac nguon lc co c cung cap ung
va u hay khong.
- Kiem soat chi ph cho cac cong viec bao tr co
ke hoach va khong ke hoach.
- Quyet nh khi nao th thay the may moc, trang
thiet b cu, v.v...
148

TR CT 11 LP K HOCH V KIM SOT BO TR

Nhng cong viec cu the cua kiem soat bao tr (3):

c/ Giam sat phieu bao tr

- Giam sat phieu bao tr cung la e kiem soat cac

cong viec bao tr.
- Giam sat phieu bao tr ghi lai va quan ly nhng
thay oi ve tnh trang cua cac phieu bao tr va
nang lc bao tr.
- Cac d lieu cua phieu bao tr nh s dung nhan
cong va tieu thu vat t, c xac nh nh c
yeu cau.
149

TR CT 11 LP K HOCH V KIM SOT BO TR

Nhng cong viec cu the cua kiem soat bao tr (3):

c/ Giam sat phieu bao tr

- Giam sat phieu bao tr cung la e kiem soat cac

cong viec bao tr.
- Giam sat phieu bao tr ghi lai va quan ly nhng
thay oi ve tnh trang cua cac phieu bao tr va
nang lc bao tr.
- Cac d lieu cua phieu bao tr nh s dung nhan
cong va tieu thu vat t, c xac nh nh c
yeu cau.
150

TR CT 12
QUN L PH TNG
V TN KHO

Ti sao qun l ph tng li quan trng?

T ng hoa cao => Nng sut cao => Thit b t tin =>

Khng c thit b d phng (redundant) => Chi ph dng may

cao khng chp nhn c
Thiu ph tng chim khoang 50% tng thi gian dng may

Chi ph gia vn ca ph tng cng chim khoang 50% tng chi

ph bao tri
B phn bao tri lun ku thiu ph tng nhng b phn ti

chnh thi au u vi lng vn nm cht trong ph tng ngy

cng cao
152

Qun l tt ph tng khng n gin (1)

Kh bit chnh xac thi im v s lng cn s dng ph tng.

L do l c nhiu nguyn nhn h hng, m khng phai nguyn

nhn no cng d oan trc c mt cach chnh xac
Nhiu ph tng khng d mua trn th trng. N khng phai l

loai mt hng s dng rng ri v thng xuyn.

Nhiu trng hp, ph tng phai do chnh nh cung cp thit b
cung cp. Khi h ra san phm mi, san phm c b li thi, v h

c th khng cn cung cp ph tng na. Nhng thit b c do

vy khng c ph tng sn c na. M tc i mi th h
thit b din ra ngy cng nhanh.

153

Qun l tt ph tng khng n gin (2)

S lng mt hng ph tng lai qua nhiu khin vic kim soat rt
mt mi v kh khn. Tai mt cng ty trung binh, s lng ph

tng khoang 15,000, tai cng ty ln c th l 100,000.

Xu hng mua d phng ph tng nhiu hn nhu cu s dng khi
mua mi thit b hay mi khi t mua ph tng khin lng hng
tn kho tng ln.
Cui cng, tc s dng ph tng khng ging nhau. Mt s th
thi s dng rt thng xuyn, nhng th khac thi lu lm mi s
dng mt ln.
Vy lm th no ti u hoa vic tn kho v s dng ph tng l
cu hi ln cho doanh nghip.

154

Mc tiu ca Qun l ph tng

- am bao ph tng cho bao tr, sa cha thit b vi mt tin cy nht

nh v mt chi ph chp nhn c.

- am bao tin cy ca ph tng.
- am bao chi ph tn kho ti thiu. Chi ph tn kho bao gm:

+ Chi ph t hng,
+ Chi ph tn tr hng,
+ Thit hai do thiu hng.

155

Nhng vn cn giai quyt quan l tt ph tng (1)

Thit lp mt h thng m ho hp l.
Thc hin phn tch tn kho.
Xc nh chnh sch kim sot tn kho cho tng loai ph tng.
D bo nhu cu s dng ph tng v t mua hng hp l.
Thit lp chnh sch tn kho cho cc ph tng c bit (ph tng
c gi rt cao, thng l loai t dng).
Chnh sch tn tr v quan l nhng ph tng v cm ph tng

xoay vng.
Thit lp chnh sch thay th ph tng.
156

Nhng vn cn giai quyt quan l tt ph tng (2)

Kim tra cht lng ph tng .

Thay th ph tng ny bng ph tng khc.
Tn trang ph tng.
Thit lp ngn hng thng tin ph tng.
Pht trin h thng kim sot tn kho v Phn mm

dng cho quan l ph tng

157

CC K THUT CA TPM

22 K THUT CA TPM
PHN TCH K THUT &
KINH T

CC H
CHUYN GIA

CHIN LC
BO TR

K THUT
GI TR

RCA & FMEA

CHUN I SNH

12
K THUT

QUN L
RI RO

SPC & DOE

DFRESME
5S

TQM

ERGONOMICS

22 K THUT CA TPM
LOI B CC
LNG PH

LNH O

S THAM GIA CA
MI NGI

LM VIC
NHM

NH GI HIU
QU BO TR

+10
TIU CHUN HA
CNG VIC

CC CHI PH
NGNG MY THC

K THUT

PHN TCH
RAM

A K NNG

GIM ST
TNH TRNG

L TRNH P DNG TPM

TRONG DOANH NGHIP

Cu trc h thng TPM

at n
iu kin
ti u
Loai b sai
st nh

Vn hnh
gian oan

Tc
vn hnh
giam
Gia cng lai
cht lng
Nng sut
giam

Xac nh
tinh trang
cht lng
Phn tch
k nng
Phn tch
PM

K nng ci
tin thit b

Loai b
linh kin
xung cp
Duy tri iu
kin c ban
thit b

Cai tin
yu km
thit k
Loi b vic
my hng
bt ng
Phc hi
s xung cp
bn ngoi

Bc 1.
Bc 4.
V sinh
Kim tra
ban u
ton b
Bc 2.
Tm nguyn
nhn gy bn
Bc 3.
V sinh & tra du m

Pha 3
Phc hi nh
k linh kin
km c. lng

Tnh ton vng

i linh kin &
Bao tri phng
nga

Xac nh du
hiu may
hng

Bc 5.
Tiu chun
bao tri
t quan

p dng chn
oan may
Trnh sai st
v cht
lng

Loai b sai st
v cht lng

Bc 6.
am bao cht
lng qui trinh
Bc 7.
Gim st
t ng

5. Thit k m bo kh
nng ch to

Phat trin san phm

* Lp k hoach
* Nghin cu kha thi
* Thit k tng
* Thit k chi tit
* Ch tao mu
* Kim tra thit k
* Ln k hoach SX
4. Thit k my phng nga
Thit k may:
* Lp k hoach
* Thit k c ban
* D toan chi ph
* Kim tra thit k
* Thit k chi tit
Mua sm &
Xy lp
* Mua sm
* n t hng
* Xy lp

Kin thc & k nng bo dng

o to v thc hnh
K nng cn thit

Pha 4
D oan
vng i
linh kin

ng b ha sn phm/ k thut nh my

Lp &
iu chnh

Phc hi
linh kin
hng

Pha 2
Ko di
Vng i
Linh kin

Qun l qu trnh

Phc hi

3. Bo tr t qun

May hng

2. Bo tr phng nga

Phng php
p dng cc gi php hiu qu cho thit b tng t

6 lng ph

Pha 1
Gim bin
ng vng
i linh kin

Thng tin v vn hnh v bo tr cho

thit b mi

1. Loi b 6 lng ph ln

Thng tin v bo tr phng nga

v ci tin

Mc tiu
Khng tai nn, khng sai st, khng h hng

K nng vn hnh & bo tr

thit b mi

Theo Seiichi Nakajima, TPM Development Program (Productivity Press.1989 )

12 bc p dng TPM
Giai on chun b
( 1 ) Thng bao ca ngi lnh ao cao nht v vic trin
khai TPM
( 2 ) Tin hnh o tao v TPM
( 3 ) Xy dng t chc trin khai TPM

( 4 ) Xy dng nhng mc tiu v chnh sach c ban

( 5 ) Lp k hoach tng th trin khai TPM
Giai on gii thiu
( 6 ) Khi ng TPM

12 bc p dng TPM
Giai on thc hin
( 7 ) Cai thin hiu sut ca thit b
( 8 ) Xy dng chng trinh bao tri t quan
( 9 ) Xy dng chng trinh bao tri phng nga cho b phn
bao tri
(10) Tin hnh o tao cai thin k nng san xut v bao tri
(11) Xy dng chng trinh quan l thit b ban u
Giai on cng c
(12) Hon thin TPM v hng ti nhng mc tiu cao hn

Bc 1. Thng bo ca ngi lnh o cao

nht v vic trin khai TPM
Bc u tin trin khai TPM l a ra mt thng bo chnh thc v quyt
nh thc hin TPM.
Ngi lnh o cao nht phi thng bo cho cc cng nhn ca mnh v
quyt nh ny v cng chia x vi h nhit tnh thc hin k hoch .
Thng bo ny c th c trnh by di dng mt bi pht biu chnh
thc ca ngi lnh o nhm gii thiu nhng khi nim, mc tiu, v
nhng li ch ca TPM. ng thi ngi lnh o cng c th trnh by
vi cng nhn nhng l do ng sau quyt nh thc hin TPM ca mnh.
N c th c in di dng bi vit, bo co, bn tin c ph bin trong
doanh nghip.
TPM tn trng quyn t ch ca nhn vin v ch c tin hnh d dng
khi cng nhn l nhng ngi c ng c v c kh nng t qun l cc
cng vic ca mnh sao cho c hiu qu nht trong mt mi trng lm
vic thun li cho cc hot ng sng to c thit lp.
Xy dng mt mi trng lm vic thun li l nhim v u tin ca
ngi lnh o.

Bc 2: Tin hnh o to v TPM (1)

Chng trnh o tao cho vic trin khai TPM cn phai

c thit k nhm loai b hoi nghi v lm tng s hng
hi ca mi ngi.
Mt chng trnh o tao trong 2-3 ngy ty theo trnh
l hiu qua nht i vi nhng ngi quan l, cc
trng phng, i ng k s, cc t trng v quan c.
i khi, ngi ng u doanh nghip nn tham gia v
cc bui tp hun cho trng phng v cn b cp di
nhm ng vin h bng s hin din ca mnh.

Bc 2: Tin hnh o to v TPM (2)

Cng nhn th c th c o tao d hiu v c th hn

thng qua vic s dng my chiu, hnh v hoc nhng
phng tin nghe nhn khc.
Hnh thc o tao ny s tr nn l th hn nu mi
nhng chuyn gia v cc nh quan l TPM cng gp mt
trao i nhng kinh nghim v kin thc m h c
trang b sau khi tham gia cc chng trnh o tao ca
chnh cng ty h.
Trong thi gian o tao, thng thng cng c th ng
thi m mt chin dch nhm thu ht s ng h cho TPM.

C th s dng cc bng rn, tranh c ng, poster, ban

v, c, huy hiu, mang c trng ca TPM nhm tao ra
mt khng kh ho hng.

Bc 3: Xy dng t chc trin khai TPM (1)

Khi giai oan o tao ban u cho cc cp lnh ao

hon thnh, th c th bt u xy dng t chc trin khai
TPM .
Cu trc hoat ng ca TPM c xy dng da trn
hnh thc t chc dang ma trn, bao gm cc nhm lin kt
ngang, di dang cc u ban hay cc nhm d n v phn
theo tng cp theo cc phng ban quan l theo chiu dc.
iu ny l v cng quan trng i vi s thnh cng
trong vic xy dng TPM ca cng ty.

Bc 3: Xy dng t chc trin khai TPM (2)

Cc nhm lm vic s c t chc theo hng ngang, v d, cc y

ban hoat ng ca TPM, cc phng ban hoc cc nh my, hay cc t
san xut ca TPM.
S thng nht hi ho t trn xung di, gia cc mc tiu do
lnh ao ra vi cc cng vic c th ca tng nhm san xut l
vn then cht.
Thng thng,cac nhm san xut nh vn hoat ng mt cch ch
ng trong pham vi quan l .
Cc t hoc nhm bao tr phng nga mi c th c thnh lp v
trch nhim quan l s c phn cng cho cc trng phng, cc
trng nhm hoc cc t trng san xut.

Bc 4: Xy dng nhng mc tiu v chnh sch c bn (1)

i ng cn b u no ca TPM phai bt u bng vic

xy dng nhng chin lc v mc tiu c ban.
Phai mt t nht 3 nm khc phc nhng s c v
nhng trc trc trong qu trnh thc hin TPM, mt chnh
sch quan l c ban phai c xy dng ph hp vi TPM
v phai gn qu trnh pht trin c th ca TPM vi k
hoach quan l trung v di han.
D phng chm hay khu hiu ca cng ty i khi c
th c trnh by n gian trn nhng bc tng v c th
thay i, nhng nhng chnh sch c ban v mc tiu hng
nm trong vic quan l ca cng ty l khng c php
thay i.

Bc 4: Xy dng nhng mc tiu v chnh sch c bn (2)

D cc chnh sch ny tn tai di dang vn ban vit hay

bi pht biu bng li, th nhng mc tiu ra cng phai
tht chnh xc v c th nh lng. Trong nu r cc
nhim v (ci g), s lng (bao nhiu) v thi gian thc
hin (bao gi).
ra c mt mc tiu c th c tnh kha thi, th cn
phai xc nh c chnh xc v d hiu mc v tnh
cht ca cc s c hin tai v t l li san xut trn mt n
v thit b.
mt vi cng ty, thng tin ny thng khng c gi tr
v ngi ta phai bt u bng vic nhn dang cc vn
ang tn tai.

Bc 5: Lp k hoch tng th trin khai TPM

Cng vic tip theo ca nhng ngi lnh ao l xy dng mt k hoach tng th
cho qu trnh trin khai TPM.
Ban k hoach ny phai bao gm ca nhng k hoach chi tit cho tng ngy trong
qu trnh thc hin TPM, bt u t giai oan chun b trc khi trin khai h
thng ny.
Mt ban k hoach tng th cho qu trnh trin khai TPM bao gm:
1. Ti u ho tnh hiu sut ca thit b bng cch loai b 6 lng ph ln.
2. Xy dng h thng bao tr phng nga do b phn bao tr thc hin.
3. Xy dng chng trnh bao tr t quan do ngi s dng thit b thc hin.
4. Thit lp chng trnh thit k am bao kha nng ch tao.
5. Thit lp chng trnh thit k my phng nga.
6. o tao v rn luyn nng cao k nng nhn vin.

Bc 6: Khi ng TPM

Bc khi ng l bc u tin v bt u bng cuc chin chng li 6 lng ph

ln.
Trong giai on chun b (t bc 1 n bc 5), ngi lnh o v i ng
chuyn gia ng vai tr ch o. Tuy nhin, t thi im ny, th mi ngi cng
nhn cn phi thot ra khi thi quen lm vic c bt u thc hnh TPM.
Gi y, mi ngi cng nhn u c vai tr then cht. iu c ngha l tt c
mi ngi u tham gia vo TPM , khng c ai ng ngoi cuc c.
lm c iu ny th tt c cng nhn vin u phi ng h chnh sch p
dng TPM ca ngi lnh o bng chnh nhng hnh ng c th ca h nhm
loi b 6 lng ph ln.
Bc khi ng cn cn phi to ra c mt bu khng kh lm tng quyt tm
v tinh thn phn chn ca cng nhn. Tt nht l t chc mt bui hp mt tt
c cng nhn. Ti bui hp ny, ngi lnh o s trnh by nhng k hoch
c xy dng, cc cng vic hon thnh trong giai on chun b, v d nh
cu trc vn hnh TPM, cc chnh sch v mc tiu chnh, v k hoch tng th cho
s pht trin ca TPM .

Bc 7: Ci thin hiu sut ca thit b

Nh vy, TPM c trin khai thng qua 5 bc hot ng c m t
phn trc, bc tip theo chnh l ti u ha hiu sut ca mi n v thit b
nhm trnh lng ph.
i ng k s my v th bo tr, cc t trng sn xut v cc nhm thnh
vin nh s c t chc thnh cc i d n. Cch t chc ny s gip vic
loi b lng ph c tin hnh d dng hn. V nhng tin b ny s dn ti
nhng kt qu kh quan i vi cng ty.
Tuy nhin, trong giai on trin khai ban u ny, s c mt s ngi hoi
nghi v tnh hiu qu ca TPM i vi hiu qu sn xut, tr khi h chnh
mt trng thy cc cng ty khc s dng TPM nh th no tng cht lng
v sn lng, gim gi thnh, tng hiu qu kinh doanh, v to ra mt mi
trng lm vic thun li.
xo b mi nghi ng ny v xy dng lng tin i vi TPM. C th ch ra
hiu qu ca TPM bng cch lp mt vi nhm d n, cho h s dng nhng
thit b m hng ngy thng xuyn chu s lng ph trong qu trnh vn hnh.
Sau thi gian theo di l 3 thng, chng ti ch ra nhng ci thin r rt sau
khi cc nhm d n ny p dng TPM. Mt vi thit b trong mi ln th
nghim nh vy s c chn ra lm mu,v i d n s c nu
gng trc ton cng ty.

Bc 8: Xy dng chng trnh bo tr t qun

Cng vic ny cn phi c tin hnh ngay sau khi khi ng TPM.

Bo tr t qun l nt c bit ca TPM; cch t chc ny l nhm qung b cho

TPM trong ton cng ty. Mt cng ty cng c thnh lp t lu i th vic trin
khai bo tr t qun li cng tr nn kh khn. Bi v ngi s dng thit b v
ngi bo tr thng kh thot khi quan nim ti s dng chng cn bn th sa
cha chng.
Ngi s dng thit b th cho rng mnh cn phi s dng ht thi gian tp
trung vo sn xut, cn ngi bo tr th cho rng mnh ch c trch nhim trong
vic bo tr m thi. Nhng thi quen ny v nhng quan nim c khng th thay
i mt sm mt chiu. y l mt trong nhng l do c bn khin cho ngi ta
phi mt ti 2 hay 3 nm hon thnh TPM, k t giai on bt u gii thiu v
TPM cho n khi hon tt vic p dng n.
Cn c thi gian thay i cch ngh v mi trng ca cng ty.
p dng TPM, tt c mi ngi t trn xung di trong cng ty phi tin tng
rng vic p dng bo tr t qun l c th thc hin c v mi c nhn phi c
trch nhim i vi thit b m h s dng.

Bc 9: Xy dng chng trnh bo tr

phng nga cho b phn bo tr
Cng vic bo tr phng nga s c thc hin bi b phn bo tr. Nhng n cn
phi c phi hp cht ch vi cng vic bo tr t qun ca b phn vn hnh
my. Nh vy, hai b phn ny phi thc hin ng thi cng vic bo tr nh hai
bnh ca mt chic xe.
Chng trnh bo tr phng nga l nhm tng mc bo tr t giai on 1 n giai
on 4:
Giai on 1: Gim s khng ng nht trong vng i chi tit my. giai
on ny, cng vic u tin l phc hi nhng chi tit h hng, cng vic tip theo
l loi b cc chi tit b h hng nng.
Giai on 2: Ko di vng i chi tit my. Vi nhng iu chnh giai on 1,
nhng khim khuyt trong thit k c th c khc phc, do s loi tr c
kh nng h hng ca my mc.
Giai on 3: Phc hi nh k cc chi tit h hng
Trong giai on ny, c th d on vng i ca chi tit my, sau ra k hoch
phc hi nh k. Lc ny c th nhn dng c cc du hiu v cc dng h
hng ca tng loi chi tit my.
Giai on 4: D on vng i ca chi tit my
S dng cc loi thit b chn on (v d: o rung ng) d on vng i ca
chi tit my.

Bc 10: Tin hnh o to ci thin k nng

sn xut v bo tr

Nht Bn, cc nh my sn xut thp v in t thng trang b cho

cng nhn ca h cc kho hun luyn k thut ti cc trung tm o to
c trang b my mc rt tt.
Kho o to ny l dnh cho c ngi bo dng v ngi vn hnh my.
Kha o to cho ngi bo dng chuyn nghip c thit k ph hp
vi loi hnh cng vic v thm ch ph hp vi c mc k nng cao hay
thp ca ngi c o to.
Kha o to cho ngi vn hnh my i khi do ngi bo dng ging
dy v mt vi phn trong chng trnh o to cho ngi bo dng li
do ngi vn hnh my ging dy.
S lun phin trong o to ny l rt c ch cho s phi hp cc cng vic
thc hin TPM.
Gio dc v o to l s u t con ngi mang li rt nhiu li ch.

Bc 11: Xy dng chng trnh qun l

thit b ban u
Cng vic cui cng ca hot ng pht trin TPM l qun l thit b ban
u.
Khi mt thit b mi c lp t, i khi hng hc xy ra ngay trong qu
trnh chy th v khi ng, mc d cc giai on thit k, ch to v lp
t xy ra mt cch m xui. C hi ny l mt dp may ngi vn hnh
hiu c cu trc v cc d liu k thut ca thit b.
Nhng kin thc v qun l thit b ban u ch yu do b phn ch to
my v ngi bo dng cung cp, bao gm nhng hiu bit v bo dng
phng nga (MP). Hnh thc o to ny c thc hin thng qua cc t
thc tp khc nhau.
t c kt qu tt trong PM, tt nht l cho ngi vn hnh my sm
tham gia nhng t thc tp t khu lp k hoch v thit k. Khi qu
trnh chy th my c tin hnh ti ni sn xut, th s c mt ca c cc
k s ln ngi bo dng v ngi vn hnh my u c li cho cng vic
qun l thit b ban u.

Bc 12: Hon thin TPM v hng ti

nhng mc tiu cao hn
Bc cui cng trong chng trnh pht trin TPM l hon thin qu trnh
trin khai TPM v t ra cc mc tiu ln hn trong tng lai. Trong giai
on m cc hot ng i vo n nh v thnh qu ca TPM khng
ngng c nng cao, th c th dnh t thi gian nh gi li cc cng
vic lm.
lm iu ny, cc cng ty Nht thng c nh gi nhn Gii
thng PM. Tuy nhin, ngay c sau khi cng ty nhn c Gii thng
PM, th cng vic hon thin TPM vn phi c tip tc ginh c Gii
TPM n gin ch l mt s bt u mi.
Ging nh mt nh lnh o pht biu ti l trao Gii PM:
Gii thng ny khng c ngha l chng ta hon tt TPM, m n gin
ch c ngha l chng ta khi u ng hng. Gii thng ny thm ch
cn bt chng ta phi lm vic nhiu hn na.

Xin chn thnh cm n!