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WORKSHOP TECHNOLOGY
MME 1103
BENCHWORK
MME1103
Workshop Technology Manual
Benchwork
1. Objective
To identify various types of hand tools and its usage
2. Required Apparatus
Bench vise, marking out table, hand hammer, files, center punch, ruler, steel
file brush, scriber, high vernier caliper, hacksaw, angle plate, dividers
3. Required Materials
Cast Iron
4. Introduction
The workbench is the craftsmans head quarters, where operations
involving the use of hand tools such as sawing, filing, chiseling and marking
out are appropriately carried out. In this section, students will be introduced
to the basic complement of hand tools commonly used in all branches of
mechanical technology such as bench vise, files, hacksaw and center punch,
and scriber.
4.1 Bench Vise
The bench vise is used to help grip the workpiece for filing,
hacksawing, chiseling and bending light metal. The bench vice mainly consist
of a fixed jaw, movable jaw and jaw plates (Figure 1). Most bench vises have
hardened insert jaws that are sharply serrated and will dig into finished
workpieces enough to mar them beyond repair. Hence, soft jaws made of
copper, other soft metals or wood are often slip over the vise jaws to protect
the workpieces finished surface.
MME1103
Workshop Technology Manual
Benchwork
4.2 Filing
Filing involves the small scale removal of material from a surface, corner, or
hole, including the removal of burrs (Kalpakjian and Schmid, 2001). Files are
usually made of hardened steel and are available in a variety of cross sections
such as flat, round, half round, square and triangle (Figure 3).They are commonly
manufactured in four different cuts: single, double, curved tooth and rasp. Each
cut design has its own purpose. For instance, rasp files are frequently used with
wood while curved tooth files are used with soft materials such as aluminium,
brass, plastic, or lead. Files also vary in their coarseness; rough, coarse, bastard,
second cut, smooth and dead smooth (Kibbe et.al., 2002).
MME1103
Workshop Technology Manual
Benchwork
In order to produce a flat surface, work should be held firmly in the vise with
the minimum amount of projecting and with the surface to be filed to be truly
horizontal. The right hand pushes and presses while the left hand only presses
with the same amount of pressure. Pressure should only be applied during
forward stroke only. The Figure 4 below illustrates the proper technique of hand
filing. Success in filing flat is dependant on hand control to keep the file
horizontal throughout its stroke and an equal distribution of pressure. In order to
test the surface of work during filing, a straightedge can be placed on it. If rays of
light can be seen between the two surfaces of the workpiece and the straightedge,
then the surface of the workpiece is not flat.
MME1103
Workshop Technology Manual
Benchwork
MME1103
Workshop Technology Manual
Benchwork
4.6 Scriber
The scriber is a round steel piece of about 150mm to 300mm long and 3mm
to 5mm in diameter. Its one end is sharp and pointed and the other end is also
sharp but bent. The bent end is used to scratch lines in places where the straight
end cannot reach.
Figure: Scriber
Figure 7: Scriber (Workshop Manual)
5. Project Methodology
1. Use L square and appropriate file to obtain flat surface (180)
2. Select another side of the work piece and file as previous step to obtain a flat
90 surface
MME1103
Workshop Technology Manual
Benchwork
MME1103
Workshop Technology Manual
Benchwork
Questions
1. List the tools used to produce the project.
2. Draw the end product of the project.
3. Name type of drilling tool used.
4. Write the function of Engineering L square.