Introduction to

Trignometry
Trigonometric Ratios of
Some Specific Angles

Made ByAnirudh Gupta

X-A
Holiday HHW
N.E.P.S

 Trigonometry-The Trigonometry is
derived from a Greek word, trigonon
and metron. The word trigonon
means a triangle and the word
metron means measure. Therefore,
trigonometry means the science of
measuring triangles.

Trigonometry
Ratios
The most important task of trigonometry is
to find the remaining sides and angles of a
triangle when some of its sides and angles
are given. This problem is solved by using
some ratios of the sides of a triangle with
respect to its acute angles. These ratios of
acute angles are called Trigonometry
ratios of angles.

Trigonometric Ratios Of
Some Specific Angles
Trigonometric Ratios of 45
Trigonometric Ratios of
Trigonometric Ratios of

Trigonometric Ratios of 45
InABC,right-angledatB,ifoneangleis45,then
theotherangleisalso45,i.e.,A=C=45
BC=AB(AnglesOpp.Toequalsidesofaareequal)
letBC=AB=a.
B
2
2
2
2
2
ByPythagorasTheorem,AC =AB +BC =a +a =2a2,
AC=a 2
Assin45====
Andcos45====
Andtan45====1
Also,cosec45=1/sin45,sec45=1/cos45=2,
cot45=1/tan45=1

Trigonometric Ratios of 30 & 60

InequilateralABC,A=B=C=60
ADperpendiculartoBC
B=C=60
AD=AD(common)
ADB=ADC(each90
ACD(AAS)
BD=DCandBAD=CAD(CPCT)
letAB=2a
thenBD=BC=a
AD2=AB2BD2=(2a)2a2=3a2
AD=a3

Now,

sin30=BD/AB=a/2a=
cos30=AD/AB=a3/2a=3/2
tan30=BD/AD=a/a3=1/3
cosec30=1/sin30=2
sec30=1/cos30=2/3
cot30=1/tan30=3
Similarly,
sin60=AD/AB=a3/2a=3/2
cos60=
tan60=3
cosec60=2/3
sec60=2
cot60=1/3

Trigonometric Ratios of 0 &

90
LetangleXAY=beanacuteangleandPbe
apointonitsterminalsideAY.Draw
perpendicularPMfromPonAX.
INAMP,wehave
Sin=PM,cos=AM
APAP
andtan=PM
AM

ItisevidentfromAMPthatasbecomessmallerand
smaller,linesegmentPMalsobecomessmallerandsmaller;
finallywhenbecomes0;thepointPwillcoincidewithM.
Consequently,wehave
PM=0andAP=AM
Therefore,sin0=PM=0=0
APAP
cosO=AM=AP=1
APAP
Therefore,
sin90=PM=PM=1
APPM
andcos90=AM=0=0
APAP

Thus,wehave
sin90=1andcos90=0
Remark:-Itisevidentfromtheabove
discussionthattan90=PM=0is
notdefined.Similarly,sec90,
cosec0,cot0arenotdefined.
and,tan0=PM=0=0
APAP
Thus,wehave
sin0=0,cos0=1
andtan0=0

FromAMP,itisevidentthatas
increase,linesegmentAM
becomessmallerandsmallerand
finallywhenbecomes90the
pointMwillcoincidewithA.
Consequently,
wehaveAM=O,AP=PM

 Trigonometry Ratios of O, 45,30, 60

and 90


Thanks for
watching

Made By:
Anirudh Gupta
X-A
Roll No. 3
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