A+ FOR BIOLOGY

CHAPTER 2: CELL STRUCTURE & CELL ORGANISATION

1. Diagram 1(a) shows the structure of a typical plant cell.

Diagram 1(a)
(a) Label the structures P, Q, R and S.
[ 4 marks]
(b) (i) What is the component of P?
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------[1 mark]
(ii) State one characteristic of P?
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------[1 mark]
(c) (i) Name the process in R?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------[1 mark]
(ii) Write an equation for the process mentioned in 1(c)(i).
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------[2 marks]

(d) Diagram 1(b) shows two specialised cells, M and N.

MRSM MUAR BIOLOGY UNIT

Page 1

A+ FOR BIOLOGY

Diagram 1(b)
(i) Name M and N.
M:.......
N:............
[2 marks]
(ii) State one characteristic of M and N that help them to carry out their function
effectively.
M:.
......
N:...........
[2 marks]

2.

Diagram 1.1 shows organelles Q, R and S that are found in a cell.

Rajah 1.1 menunjukkan organel Q, R dan S yang terdapat dalam sel.

MRSM MUAR BIOLOGY UNIT

Page 2

A+ FOR BIOLOGY

Diagram 1.1
Rajah 1.1
(a) (i) Name R.
Namakan R.
R: ..
........
[1 mark]
(a) (ii) State the function of organelles Q and S.
Nyatakan fungsi organel Q dan S.
Q:
..........
S : .
.........
[2 marks]
(b) (i) Name an organ in human where organelles R are abundantly found.
Namakan organ manusia dimana organel R dijumpai dengan banyaknya.
..................
[1 mark]
(b) (ii) Explain the role of organelles R to human.
Terangkan peranan organel R kepada manusia..

MRSM MUAR BIOLOGY UNIT

Page 3

A+ FOR BIOLOGY
...................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................
[3 marks]
(c) Diagram 1.2 shows structure T which contains a large number of Q.
Rajah 1.2 menunjukkan struktur T yang mengandungi organel Q dalam jumlah
yang banyak.

Diagram 1.2
Rajah 1.2
(i)

Explain why cell T has a large number of Q.

Terangkan mengapa sel T mengandungi banyak organel Q.
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................
[3 marks]

(ii)

Q are absent in the sperm.

Explain the effect of the absence of Q to the function of sperms.
Q tidak hadir dalam sperma.
Terangkan kesan ketidakhadiran Q terhadap fungsi sperma.

...
...............
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
3.

Diagram 1 shows the levels of cell organisation in human.

Rajah 1 menunjukkan peringkat organisasi sel pada manusia.

MRSM MUAR BIOLOGY UNIT

Page 4

A+ FOR BIOLOGY

Diagram 1
Rajah 1
(a)

State what a cell is.

Nyatakan apakah satu sel.
.............................................................................................................................
[1 marks]

(b)

Name Cell and Tissue Q.

Namakan Sel P dan Tisu Q.
Cel P / Sel P :........................................................................................................
Tissue Q / Tisu Q : ..............................................................................................
[2 marks]

(c)

Based on Diagram 1, explain the organization and function of Tissue Q and

stomach.

MRSM MUAR BIOLOGY UNIT

Page 5

A+ FOR BIOLOGY
Berdasarkan Rajah 1, terangkan organisasi dan fungsi Tisu Q dan perut.
Tissue Q / Tisu Q :
..
..
..
[2 marks]
Stomach / Perut :
..
..

(d)

..
[2 marks]
State the level P of the cell organization.
Nyatakan Peringkat P dalam organisasi sel.
Level P / Peringkat P :
..............................................
[1 marks]

(e) (i) Name the food molecules that are digested in the stomach and the enzyme for
this reaction..
Namakan molekul makanan yang dicema di dalam perut serta enzim bagi
tindak balas ini.
Food molecules / Molekul makanan :
Enzyme / Enzim

: .......................
[2 marks]

(ii) Describe how the hydrochloric acid produced by the gastric glands help in the
digestion of food molecules in the stomach.
Huraikan bagaimana asid hidroklorik yang dihasilkan oleh kelenjar gaster
membantu dalam pencernaan molekul makanan di dalam perut.
..
..
..
[2 marks]
4. Diagram 1.1 shows a histogram for the number of organelles in a cell.

MRSM MUAR BIOLOGY UNIT

Page 6

A+ FOR BIOLOGY
Number of organelles
(arbitrary unit)

Cell X

Cell Y

Cell Z

Golgi apparatus
Chloroplast
Rough endoplasmic
reticulum
Mitochondria
DIAGRAM 1.1

(a)

(i)

What type of cell is Y?

..............................................................................................................................

.........
(ii)

State the reason for your answer in (a)(i).

..............................................................................................................................

..........
[ 2 marks ]
(b)

(i)

Based on Diagram 1.1, which cell has the most energy?

..............................................................................................................................

..........
(ii)

State the reason for your answer in ( b ) (i ).

.............................................................................................................................

..........
[ 2 marks ]
(c)

State one difference between cells X and Z.

.......................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark ]

(d)

State the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum.

.......................................................................................................................................

MRSM MUAR BIOLOGY UNIT

Page 7

A+ FOR BIOLOGY
[ 1 mark ]
(e) Diagram 1.2 shows an animal cell.

DIAGRAM 1.2
Using letters P for secretory vessicle and Q for ribosome, label structures P and Q
on Diagram 1.2
[ 2 marks ]
(f) Name structure R and state its function.
Structure R : ................................................................................................................
Function: .....................................................................................................................
[ 2 marks ]
(g) The pancreas has many structure S. If structure S fails to function, explain how this
affects the digestion process in the duodenum.
......................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................
.....
.............................................................................................................................................
[ 3 marks ]
5.

Diagram 1.1 shows three different types of organelles found in a cell of a leaf

P
MRSM MUAR BIOLOGY UNIT

Diagram 1.1

Page 8

A+ FOR BIOLOGY

(a)

(i) Name the organelles P, Q and R

P: ...................................................................................................................................
Q: ...................................................................................................................................
R: ...................................................................................................................................
[3 marks]
(ii) What is the function of organelle P and R?
P: ...................................................................................................................................
R: ...................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]

(b)

In which part of the leaf is organelle P found in abundance?

............................................................................................................................
[1 marks]

(c)

Which two of these organelles can also be found in an animal cell?

............................................................................................................................
[1 marks]

(d) Diagram 1.2 shows two different types of tissues

MRSM MUAR BIOLOGY UNIT

Page 9

U
Diagram 1.2

A+ FOR BIOLOGY

(i) Name the cell that formed T.

............................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(ii) Why organelle Q is abundant in T?
.............................................................................................................................
..
[2 marks]
(e)

(i) Name the cell that formed U.

.............................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(ii) What is the function of U?
............................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

(f)

Based on e(i) and e(ii), what is tissue?

.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

MRSM MUAR BIOLOGY UNIT

Page 10