Professional Documents
Culture Documents
CNSX Banh Keo
CNSX Banh Keo
BNH KO
I.TNG QUAN
I.1 Mt s loi sn phm Bnh-Ko
Bingo
Bnh B & Bnh Mn
Sharry
Peanut Shortbread
A'cafe Coffee
STRIPES
Fruit Chews Candies - Assorted
Top Choco
Ko Scla Thp Cm
Peanut Chocolate
Cracker Hooray
Lulla
Petit Beurre
Layer Cake
Bnh Bng Lan Chocolate
Swiss Roll
Bnh Bng Lan Thanh Du
AFC
Bnh Mn Rau Ci
Rosette
Kem Vani Sa
AFC
Bnh Mn Original Crackers
Fruity Cookies
Fruit Filled Cookies - Apple Flavor
CTY BNH KO HI H
II.NGUYN LIU
B.Nguyn liu ph
- Trng v cc sn phm t trng
- Sa
- Gelatin, Agar-agar, gum
- Cht bo
- Thuc n
- Cht thm
- Phm mu
- Socola
- Axt Chanh
- Mui
- Nc
- SMS (sodium metabisulphite)
II.1 BT M
Protit trong bt m
Protit - Cc yu t c th
thay i tnh cht vt l ca gluten
Nhit
Mui n
Cng nho
Axit ascorbis, kali bromat, peroxyt v mt s
cht oxy ha
Cht kh
Glucozit trong bt m
Tinh bt (C6H10O5)n
Dextrin (C6H10O5)n
Xenluloza (C6H10O5)n
Hemixenluloza
Gluxit keo
ng trong bt
Cht bo (Lipit)
Vitamin
Men trong bt
Ch tiu k thut ca bt m
sn xut Bnh qui
m
< 15%
Protit
9% 0,5%
pH = 5,8 - 6,3
axit
Hm lng tro
- Bt ho hng
< 0,55%
- Bt hng 1
< 0,75%
- Bt hng 2
< 1,25%
- Bt hng 3
< 1,9%
gin di gluten
Hm lng tro khng tan trong HCl
Tp cht st
2 - 3 mg/kg
Kch thc ht
- ln hn 250 m
< 1%
- ln hn 50 m
40% 5%
V ca bt go nht
Ch s dng vi bnh rice crackers Nht.
Nu thay th vi mt lng t s to cu trc
bnh mm v gim thi gian nng bnh
II.2 NG
ng l nguyn liu chnh trong sn xut Bnh
ko
Trong sn xut ko
- To cu trc
- To mi v
Trong sn xut bnh qui
- To cu trc
- To mu sc
- To mi v
- Gia tng tc hnh thnh bt kh (qu trnh ln
men trong bt nho)
NG
ng l thnh phn chnh ca cc sn phm
scla; mt; thch; ko caramen
(chocolate;
jams;jellies; caramels) nh hng n aw hn ch
pht trin ca VSV.
ng dng tinh th dng trang tr trn b mt
bnh qui sau khi nng.
ng lm tng im nhit gletatin ha ca tinh
bt, do cho php ko gii thi gian nng bnh.
ng-Tnh cht vt l
ha tan
Tnh ha tan
Tnh kt tinh
nht ca dung dch ng
ng-tnh cht ha hc
Chuyn ha trong mi trng acid
Phn hy trong mi trng kim
Phn ng caramen ha
n v tnh
ng tinh
luyn
ng knh
trng
ng vng
tinh khit
Hm lng
ng
Sacc
OS hoc OZ
99,85
99,7
98,5
Hm lng
ng kh
% khi lng
0,030
0,10
0,18
Tro dn in
% khi lng
0,015
0,04
0,25
% khi lng
0,040
0,07
0,15
mu
IU
20
150
1000
Asen (as)
mg/kg
ng (Cu)
mg/kg
1,5
1,5
1,5
Ch (Pb)
mg/kg
0,5
0,5
0,5
D lng SO2
mg/kg
10
10
S vi khun a
nhit
10g
200 CFU
200 CFU
200 CFU
Tng s nm
men
10g
10 CFU
10 CFU
10 CFU
Tng s nm
mc
10g
10 CFU
10 CFU
10 CFU
ng-ng thay th
ng sacaroza
- to cu trc v
- cm gic ming
Nu hm lng sac nhiu
- bnh qu cng
- cu trc gluten b ph v
Tng quan ngt gia
cc loi ng
II.3 MT TINH BT
L sn phm trung gian ca qu trnh thy
phn tinh bt bng acid hoc enzyme
MT TINH BT
L nguyn liu chnh trong sn xut ko
ng vai tr cht chng hi ng (tng nht
dung dch, tng ha tan ng)
Thnh phn (ty theo mc phn hy)
- ng ha thp: 10%G;11%M; 79%Dex
- ng ha TB: 20%G; 22%M; 48%Dex
- ng ha cao:40%G; 42%M;18%Dex
Glucoza
- tng ha tan ca ng
- ht m rt mnh
- ko chy nc
- thi gian bo qun ngn
Thp (30DE)
Viscosit6y (cps at 38 C)
25000
20000
15000
10000
5000
0
30
35
40
45
50
Dextrose Equivalent
55
60
65
m tng i cn bng
Equilibrium Relative Humidity(ERH)
Salmonellae
Normal
bacteria and
many yeasts
Some
moulds
Normal
Molds
Most
moulds
Osmophilic
yeasts
100
m tng i cn bng ca
mt s loi ko thng gp
90
80
Fondant
70
Fudge
Jellies
Marshmallow Nougat
60
50
40
30
20
10
ERH %
Grained
Caramel
Nougat
Butterscotch
Hard Candy
Gi tr ERH ca mt s loi ko
ngt
Dextrose tinh khit (glucose) c ngt ch
bng 70% sucrose (ti nng 10%)
Hn hp sir Glucose v Maltose c ngt
thm ch nh hn.
II.5 NG CHUYN HA
L sn phm qu trnh thy phn ng sacaroza
trong mi trng acid
Thnh phn
- glucoza
- fructoza
C th thay th mt phn hoc ton b mt tinh bt
Sn phm ko trong v t bt
Ko d chy nc (do fructoza ht m mnh)
NGUYN LIU PH
II.6 TRNG
Vai tr
- Gi tr dinh dng
- cht to mu (carotenoids trong lng )
- To nh tng (Lecithin)
- ng t
- To bt (s dng ch yu trong sn xut
bnh)
Dng sn phm trng dng trong sn xut
- Trng p lnh
- Bt trng kh
Thnh phn
Water Protein Fat
CHO
Whole 100
74.6
12.1
11.2
1.2
White
58
88.0
10.1
0.2
0.8
Yolk
31
48.0
16.4
32.9
2.0
Vai tr ca trng-to bt
Mt cht keo l lng: bt c bao
quanh bi lng trng trng
Globulins c kh nng hnh thnh bt
rt ln
Ovomucin n nh bt
II.7 SA
Vai tr
- tng mi v
- to cu trc mm, xp mn
- tng gi tr dinh dng
Dng sn phm sa dng trong sn sut
- sa c
- sa bt
II.8 GELATIN
Vai tr
- chng hi ng
- gi cho ko mm v n nh
- ko c tnh n hi (nng > 10% to ra ng lc
2 kg/cm2)
Tnh cht
- nhit nng chy thp (15 27 oC)
- nhit ng t thp (8 10 0C)
- a nc, nu nhit cao + thi gian di gelatin b
phn hy thnh pectin
II.9 CHT BO
Vai tr
- to mi v c trng
- tng gi tr dinh dng
- to cu trc
Cc loi dng trong sn xut
- B
- Du da
- Du cacao
- Shortening
II.10 THUC N
Vai tr
- to cu trc bnh (xp)
- tng tnh do cho ko
Cc loi thng s dng
- Natri bicacbonat (NaHCO 3)
2NaHCO3 Na2CO3 + NH3 + H2O
- Amoni bicacbobat (NH4HCO3)
(NH4)HCO3 2NH3 + CO2 + H2O
To bt kh trong sn xut ko
C ch
- sc kh
- ha cht
- thao tc (n, lt)
Yu t k thut
- kch thc v s phn b ca bt
- tnh cht hnh thnh bt ca dung dch (ng,
mt tinh bt v cc thnh phn)
To bt kh trong sn xut ko
S n nh ca bt
Hin tng i thiu-oxiha
S pht trin ca vi sinh vt
Hin tng v do lm lnh
II.11 TINH DU
Vai tr
- iu v
- tng tnh hp dn
- a dng ha sn phm
Cc loi thng s dng
- tinh du tng hp
- tinh du t nhin
II.12 PHM MU
Vai tr
- tng tnh hp dn
- a dng ha sn phm
Cc loi mu
- tng hp-nhng khng ging mu t nhin
- tng hp-ging vi mu t nhin
- t nhin-c c t cy v ng vt
Mu
E120
Carmine
T nhin
E122
Carmoisine
Tng hp
E124
Amarath
Tng hp
E127
Erythrosine
Tng hp
Mu vng v mu cam
E100
Curcumin
T nhin
E101
E102
Tartrazine
Tng hp
E104
Quinoline
Tng hp
Mu xanh ti (green)
E110
Chlorophyll
T nhin
E141
Chlorophyll derivative
T nhin
E142
Green S
Tng hp
Mu nu
E150
Caramel
T nhin
II.14 MUI
Vai tr
- iu v
- tng bn v tnh ht nc ca gluten
- gim s pht trin ca men (proteolytic enzymes)
Qui cch s dng
- dng t 1 -1,5% so vi bt
Vai tr
- thay i cht lng gluten
- thay i tnh cht lu bin ca bt
Qui cch s dng
- 0,03/100 n v bt (cho php gim 10%
lng nc b sung vo bt so vi khi khng
c SMS)
III.BNH QUI
(Biscuit; cracker; cookies)
PHN LOI
Phn loi theo qu trnh sn xut th cp
- bnh kem sandwiched
- bnh ph chocolate
- bnh chocolate c khun
- bnh ph tinh th ng
- bnh c b sung mt
PHN LOI
III.3 THC N CA
MT S LOI BNH
Bnh qui kem-gin(cream cracker)
THC N CA
MT S LOI BNH
Bnh qui xp (wafer biscuits)
THC N CA
MT S LOI BNH
Bnh c bt nho mm v to hnh bng
phng php rt-n (deposited soft dough)
THC N CA
MT S LOI BNH
Sponge drops biscuits
THC N CA
MT S LOI BNH
Bnh ngt cng v bnh bn ngt
Nho bt
To hnh
Nng
Lm ngui
ng gi
LM MT
NNG
TO HNH
NHO BT
2.NHO BT
Yu cu khi bt nho
- m
- s ng u
- tc cnh khuy ca my nho bt
Yu cu khi bt nho
m bt nho
- phi gluten ht nc v trng n
- phi lm chn bnh khi nng
- phi ph vi phng php to hnh
PP cn,inh c, ct
PP p quay
PP p n
PP rt
: W = 20 -21%
: W = 18 -20%
: W = 24 -25%
: W = 26 -27%
Yu cu khi bt nho
Yu t nguyn liu i vi m bt nho
- ng c trong bt
- kch thc ht tinh bt
- loi bt (cht lng gluten)
Yu cu khi bt nho
S ng u ca khi bt nho
- th t nho bt
- nhit nho bt
- thi gian nho bt
Th t nho bt
- ng ha nc, ng, trng, sa
- b sung thuc n
- dch ng ha nho vi bt m
Thi gian nho bt
12 15 pht
Nhit nho bt
- nhit ng ha ng, sa
(60-700C)
- sau ng ha nhit dch ng ha
(40-450C)
- nho bt nhit
(25-300C)
Yu cu khi bt nho
Tc cnh khuy
- nhim v chnh l o trn
- tc nhanh t vn mng gluten
THIT B NHO
LOI TRC NG
LOI TRC NG
LOI TRC NG
3.TO HNH
Phng php p quay
Phng php cn, nh c, ct
Phng php p n v rt
m ca bt nho
18 -20%
V tr li dao cao
V tr li dao thp
My cn
My cn 4 trc
My nh c
My ct
Phng php p n v rt
m ca bt nho
27 -27%
p n c h thng ct bnh
My cn bt ba trc
4. NNG BNH
Mc ch
- to cu trc xp
- gim m (1-4%)
- thay i mu sc b mt
Yu cu m
m thp
- bnh chy
- mu ti
m cao
- bnh khng gin,
- d gy ra ng lc gy,
- bo qun kh
Cc giai on nng
Giai
on
2
Giai
on
1
Cc bin i
- khuch tn m
Ch
- nhit bung nng: 160 -1800C
5. LM MT-BAO GI
Lm mt
- t n m yu cu
- kt hp phun hng
Bao gi
- yu cu vt liu bao gi
- phng php xp bnh
KO
Ko cng:
- ko cng hoa qu: cam, da, to, nho(khng nhn, c
nhn)
- ko cng tinh du: bc h, hoa hng, hoa qu
- ko cng b: b sa, b da, b cacao
- ko thuc: ko khng sinh (penicilin, biomixin..),
- ko dinh dng ( sinh t A, B, C)
Ko mm:
- ko mm tinh bt: qut, nho, vi
- ko mm pectin: qut, chanh, du
- ko mm aga: cam, chanh, da, sa
- ko mm albumin: qut, da
- ko m xng: chui, nho
- ko scla: thun nht, c nhn ( hnh nhn, mt qu
Ko do:
- ko cao su: bc h, chanh, cam tho
IV. KO CNG
L khi ng trng thi v nh hnh
Thnh phn
- ng
- cht chng kt tinh
- ph gia
IV.1. YU CU K THUT
m 1,8 -2%
ng kh < 15%
Dn, khng dnh rng
Trong sut
Bn trong qu trnh bo qun
IV.2 THC N
ng sacaroza
Mt tinh bt
Axit chanh
Tinh du chanh
: 100kg
: 40kg
: 0,5kg
: 5ml
99,9% cht kh
80% cht kh
97% cht kh
Ha sir
Nu
Ko u ui
Lm ngui
To hnh
Bao gi
Ph gia
Ln
Vut
To hnh
Lm mt
1. Ha sir
Yu cu
- ng ha tan trit
- nng sir cao nht (80%)
- pH trung tnh
- khng c bt
Ha sir
Th t ha sir
- ha tan ng vi nc (1000C, khuy 30 pht)
- cho mt tinh bt v gia nhit (1050C)
- chuyn sir sang thng cha (lng v tch cn)
Ha sir-Thit b
2. Nu ko-Mi trng nu
Nhit nu.
150C - 155C
30 - 35mins
15% - 20%
nhit
SUCROSE + WATERACID
-Bin i mu
-Bc hi nc;
- Caramen ha do nhit cao
C6 H12 O6 + C6H12 06
DEXTROSE + FRUCTOSE
iu kin ca qu trnh
Nu ko-Yu cu k thut
Trong sut, khng c vt c biu hin ca
s hi ng
Mu sc vng ti
m 1-3 %
Hm lng ng kh Rs = 18 -20%
C do tin hnh ln, vut
Nu ko-thit b
Ni ny c thit
k ch to tng
trong ca ko
sau khi nu ko
tng m theo
phng thc th
cng, gim hm
lng nc trong
ko, tit kim
nhin liu t.
- Quy cch: 50 l
- Sn lng: 200 kg
- Cng sut: 7.5 kw
c im ma:
Thit b uc dng ch yu
ng ha v nu ke.
Thng s k thut:
- in ngun: 380V 10%, 3 pha,
50 Hz.
- p lc ln nht: 0.7 Mpa
- Trng lung ma: 715 kg
Ni nu nu ko c ph,
c li co c th iu
chnh tc trnh
vic hn hp b chy
trong khi nu.
3. Lm ngui
Mc ch
- nhit gim t 1150C n 850C trnh
hin tng hi ng (tng nht)
Phng php
- lm ngui b mt
Trong qu trnh lm ngui c b sung
- cht mu
- acid
- tinh du
- v ko u ui
4. Ln
Mc ch
- a khi ko v dng nht nh
Yu cu
- nhit khi ko a i ln cn 80 850C
5. Vut v Dp hnh
Mc ch
- nh tit din v tc ph vi
my nh hnh
- to hnh dng vin ko
6. Lm ngui v bao gi
Ko phi c lm ngui n nhit thng trc
khi vo bao gi
Bao gi
- la chn ko trc khi bao gi
- yu cu vt liu bao gi
- phng php: th cng v my
Nguyn nhn
Do hm lng cht a vo
- ng kh
- lng axit b sung
Do thao tc trong qa trnh sn xut
- pH ca sir
- nhit nu
- thi gian nu
- nc b sung
- thi gian ln cn, lm ngui di ko ht m
Do kh hu
V. KO MM
Loi ko mm, xp, c tnh n hi, cha nhiu
nc
Thnh phn ko
- keo a nc (gelatin, agar, pectin)
- ng
- mt tinh bt
- sa,c ph,..
- hng liu
KEO-ngun gc v s dng
Loi keo
Ngun gc
S dng
Glelatin
Protein ng vt, c
trch ra t xng v da
Khng un si, b
sung v sir m
Agar
Sn xut ko do
trung tnh. Yu trong
mi trng si v acid
Gm (gum
arabic)
Dch chit t cy
Dng sn xut ko
gm cng, dai v dy
Tinh bt v T ht v cc loi c
bin tnh
ca tinh bt
Dng thay th mt
phn gum v gelatin
Pectin
V.1 YU CU K THUT
Sn phm
- hnh dng hon chnh, u
- b mt kh, khng dnh, khng c vt nt
- mu sc c trng
- trng thi mm, mn v ng nht
- mi v c trng
Ch tiu ha l
- m 6-8%
- hm lng ng kh < 25%
Ch tiu v VSV, kim loi nng
IV.2 THC N
ng Sucarosa
Mt tinh bt
Sa bt
Shortening
Gelatin
Tinh du
100kg
85kg
16kg
16kg
5kg
10ml
99,9% cht kh
80% cht kh
95% cht kh
98% cht kh
90% cht kh
Gelatin
B; sa bt
Ngm
Ha sir
ng ha
Ha tan
Nu
Lc
nh trn
Dch Gelatin
Ko u ui
Hng liu
Lm ngui
Qut ko
Cn
Ln
Ct
Vut
Gi tay
Gi my
Ko mm
Gelatin
B; sa bt
Ngm
Ha sir
ng ha
Ha tan
Lc
Dch Gelatin
Nu
Sc kh
X ko
n
nh hnh
Ko do
Ko u ui
Hng liu
1. X l nguyn liu
ng
Mt tinh bt
Nc
Sa bt hoc c ph
B
Gelatin
2. Ha sir
Mc ch
- ha tan hon ton ng
Bin i
- ng chuyn t tinh th sang th
lng
Yu cu k thut ca dch sir
- nhit si ca dch ng 1100C
- cht kh 80 -82%
- hm lng Rs 20 22%
- sir trong sut
Thit b
3. Nu ko
Cc qu trnh xy ra trong nu ko
- bc hi nc
- ng chuyn ha
- caramen ha
Nhit khi ko sau khi nu
110 -1150C
Thi gian nu di hn so vi ko cng (5-10
pht)
m ko sau nu (1-6%)
4. ng ha
ng ha nguyn liu ph
- tin hnh nhit thp
- ch c bin i c hc
- sau ng ha hn hp phi ng nht
ng ha nguyn liu chnh
- sau ng ha dung dch c dn
- th tch khi ko n ra
- khi ko mm, n hi v c nhiu l hng
5. Lm ngui
Gim nhit t c do tt
nht
B sung thm ko u ui
Khi ko c nhiu l hng, xp chia
khi ko thnh nhiu phn d lm
ngui
6. Qut ko
Mc ch
- lm cho mu sc ko sng hn
- thay i trng thi ko (do hp thu kh)
- ko t b dnh hn
S cht lng ca Ko
KO DO TINH BT
(Starch jellies)
Thc n cho ni nu h (Open Pan Boiling)
- ng
22,6 kg
- Glucose 42 DE
28 kg
- Dch tinh bt
7,25 kg
- ng kh
5,4 kg
- Nc
56,7 kg
- Acid Citric
14
g
- Mi v mu
theo yu cu
KO DO Agar
Thc n
- ng
25lb
- Dch glucose (42DE)
20lb
- Agar
1 lb
- Nc
40 lb
- Natri citrate
5 oz
- acid Citric
3 oz ha tan trong 3 oz nc
- tinh du
20 ml
- mu
theo yu cu
Qu trnh
- ngm agar trong nc 2-4h
- b sung natri citrate vo v nu si, duy tr nhit
ny trong vng t 5-10 pht agar chuyn thnh
dch
- b sung ng khi ha tan sir glucose. un si
n 1070C
- rt sang mt thng khc, lm ngui n 750C v
vt bt
- trn vi cc acid, du, cht mu
KO GM (gums)
Thc n ko gm cng (hard gums)
- Gum arabic
12,7kg
Giai on 1
- Nc
11,3 kg
- ng
6,8 kg
Giai on 2
- Sir Glucose
1,8 kg
- Nc
2,26 kg
- Glycerol
0,45 kg (bo v hin
tng qu kh khi bo qun phng nng)
Qui trnh
- Giai on 1: ha tan gum v loi b cc
tp cht
- Giai on 2: ha tan v un si n 1240C
Thc n ko gm mm v pectin
- ng
4,1 kg
- Glucose
4,1 kg
- Nc tri cy c c
3,1 kg
- Nc (ph thuc vo nng
nc tri cy)
- Gm
- Nc
- Gelatin
Ha tan v un
si ti 1210C
KO NOUGAT
Thc n v qui trnh
Bc 1:
- Lng trng trng 0,25 lb
- Nc
3 lb
- Bt ng
5 lb
Ha tan trng trong nc, b sung bt ng. o
trn vi tc nhanh
Bc 2:
- ng
13 lb
- Sir Glucose
20 lb
- Nc
4 lb
Ha tan ng trong nc. B sung
Sir. Nu si n 1270C. Cho vo mt
thng cha nh c gia nhit, nh trn
vi tc chm
Bc 3:
- Bt cacao (10% cht bo)
2 lb
- Bt Malt
2 lb
- Bt sa gy
2 lb
- Bt ng
1,5 lb
Trn u hn hp bt trn, sau khuy trn
vi hn hp c bc 1 v 2
KO DO MARSHMALLOW
VI. SOCOLA
Theo quan im cu trc
- socola ging ko do
- pha lng l b cacao (35% m/m)
- pha rn l ng (50% m/m)
Gi tr dinh dng
Thc phm
Tht
152
101
Bnh m
226
Sa
70
Trng
150
Socola
540
Nguyn liu
Ht
cacao
Bt
cacao
Socola
Nc
5.6
Protein
11,5
19,8
Cht bo
54
24,5
32
Carbohydrat
17,5
43,6
51
Cht khong
2,6
6,5
0,6
Theobromin
1,2
2,3
1. Phi trn
Nguyn liu
Bt cacao
Sa bt tch b
ng bt
Cht bo
Lexithin
Ph gia khc
Socola sa
(%)
Socola
en
(%)
10
20
40
30
0,4
-
12
58
30
0,4
-
2. Nghin
Nghin nh kch thc ht ng, cacao (< 30m)
Tin hnh nghin bng my nghin trc
Mc nghin vi cc chng loi ko socola nh
sau (kch thc ht) :
- socola trng ming khng n 30m
- socola cao cp 96% ht 30 m
- socola bnh thng khng n 92% ht 30m
- socola bnh thng c n 90% ht 30m
Bt cacao
3. Hon thin
Qu trnh nghin tip tc cho hoa cng
To mi v cu trc hon thin cho sn phm
Nhit trong thit b
- socola en 55 -600C
- socola sa 45 -500C
B chuyn thnh nh tng mn cha ng, sa
4. iu ha nhit
Qu trnh cc tinh th hnh thnh n
nh
Qu trnh nhit v thi gian
Qu trnh c th th tin hnh gin
on hoc lin tc
Nhit khi socola
- Gim t 450C n 320C
Ti sao 32oC?
sub-
17.3oC
II
23.3oC
III
'2
25.5oC
IV
'1
27.3oC
33.8oC
36.3oC
VI
temperature
32oC
30-32oC
27oC
time
5. To hnh
Nhit rt khun
- i vi du cacao 300C
- cht bo thay th 450C
t khun ln bng ti rung
- dn cht khun
- bt kh trong khi ko y ra ngoi lm
cho b mt bng, nhn
Sau khi rt phi lm lnh nhanh
nhit 5-80C
Weights
US System
Metric System
1 oz.
30 g.
16 oz. or 1 lb.
450 g.
2.2 lbs