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Pahang 2009 SPM Trial Biology
Pahang 2009 SPM Trial Biology
SULIT
4551/1
Biology
September 2009
1¼ jam
BIOLOGY
Kertas 1
@PKPSM Pahang
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CONFIDENTIAL
SULIT 4551/1
1. Which organ consists of cells which has the highest density of rough endoplasmic
reticulum ?
Organ manakah mengandungi sel-sel yang mempunyai kepadatan jalinan
endoplasmik kasar paling tinggi?
A Stomach C Brain
Perut Otak
B Heart D Kidney
Jantung Ginjal
P Q R
Diagram 1
P Q R
A. Digestive system Respiratory system Nervous system
Sistem pencernaan] Sistem respirasi Sistem saraf
B. Nervous system Reproductive system Circulatory system
Sistem saraf Sistem pembiakan Sistem peredaran
C Respiratory system Circulatory system Digestive system
. Sistem respirasi Sistem saraf Sistem pencernaan
D Reproductive system Digestive system Nervous system
. Sistem pembiakan Sistem pencernaan Sistem saraf
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Water
Air
Diagram 2
Diagram 3
Which of the cell labelled A, B, C and D does not contain chloroplast?
Antara sel yang berlabel A, B, C dan D yang manakah tidak mengandungi kloroplas?
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Diagram 4
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7. Carrot slices are immersed in 0.1% sucrose solution. After 4 hours, the slices are
found to be turgid and hard.
Hirisan lobak merah direndam di dalam larutan sukrosa 0.1%. Selepas 4 jam, hirisan
itu didapati segah dan keras.
Diagram 5
A Crenation C Deplasmolysis
Krenasi Deplasmolisis
B Plasmolysis D Haemolysis
Plasmolisis Hemolisis
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Diagram 6
What is represented by K?
Apakah yang diwakili oleh K?
10. Based on the information below, name the enzyme that can be used.
Berdasarkan maklumat di bawah, namakan enzim yang sesuai digunakan.
A Zymase C Celulase
Zimase Selulosa
B Amylase D Protease
Amilase Protease
11. Diagram 7 shows a graph between the rate of reaction at different substrate
concentration when factor Q is changed.
Rajah 7 menunjukkan graf diantara kadar tindak balas dan kepekatan substrat
apabila faktor Q diubah.
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Factor Q
Faktor Q
Diagram 7
What is factor Q ?
Apakah faktor Q ?
A pH C Inhibitor
pH Perencat
B Time D Enzyme concentration
Masa Kepekatan enzim
Process M Process M
Starch ------------------ Maltose -------------------- Glucose
[Kanj] Maltosa Glukosa
What is process M ?
Apakah proses M ?
A Photosynthesis C Condensation
Fotosintesis Kondensas]
B Hydrolisis D Polymerisation
Hidrolisis Pempolimeran
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Diagram 8
Phase X Phase Y
A Meiosis Interphase
B Interphase Mitosis
C Mitosis Interphase
D Interphase Meiosis
14. The diploid chromosomes in a leaf cell of a maize plant is 20. If one of the
homologous chromosome pair does not separate during the Meiosis 1, how many
chromosomes can be found in the male nucleus of a pollen grain of maize ?
Nombor kromosom diploid dalam daun jagung ialah 20. Jika satu daripada
Pasangan kromosom homolog tidak terpisah semasa Meiosis 1, berapakah
bilangan kromosom yang mungkin didapati pada debunga daun jagung ?
A 9 B 10 C 20 D 18
15. Which of the following statements explain the importance of mitosis to cells?
Yang manakah di antara pernyataan berikut menerangkan kepentingan mitosis
kepada sel ?
I . To ensure the chromosomal number is constant in all somatic cells.
Untuk memastikan bilangan kromosom adalah tetap dalam semua sel somatik.
II To ensure the daughter cells have the same number of chromosomes as the
parent cell.
Untuk memastikan billangan kromosom adalah sama dengan biangan kromosom
sel induk.
III To ensure that the genetic material in the daughter cells is the same as in the
parent cell
Untuk memastikan bahan genetik sel anak dalah sama dengan sel induk.
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16. Diagram 9 shows the correct proportion for the various classes of food in the food
pyramid.
Rajah 9 menunjukkan nisbah yang betul bagi pelbagai kelas makanan dalam
piramid makanan.
Diagram 9
Which of the following shows the correct classes of food in the pyramid?
Yang manakah di antara berikut menunjukkan kelas makanan yang betul dalam
piramid makanan di atas?
1 2 3 4
A Fats Proteins Carbohydrates Vitamins and
minerals
B Carbohydrates Vitamins and Proteins Fats
minerals
C Proteins Carbohydrate Fats Vitamins and
s minerals
D Carbohydrates Fats Vitamins and Proteins
minerals
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Diagram 10
Which organ produces the enzyme responsible for the breakdown of lipids ?
Organ manakah merembeskan enzim yang bertanggungjawab untuk pemecahan
lipid?
A. S only C R and S
B. P and Q D Q only
I Abundant in number
Bilangan yang banyak
II Thin walls
Dinding nipis
III Having blood capillaries
Mempunyai kapilari darah
IV Lacteals to absorb fatty acids and glycerol
Lakteal untuk menyerap asid lemak dan gliserol
19. When 0.4 g of groundnut is completely burnt, the temperature of 20 ml of water rise up
from 30°C to 70°C. Calculate the energy value of the groundnut.
(Specific heat capacity of water is 4.2 Jg °C )
Bila 0.4g kacang tanah terbakar dengan lengkap, suhu 20 ml air meningkat daripada
30°C kepada 70°C. Hitung nilai tenaga kacang tanah ?
( Muatan haba tentu air ialah 4.2 Jg °C ).
21. Which of the following organelle involves in the gaseous exchange in Ameoba sp?
Antara organel berikut yang manakah terlibat dalam pertukaran gas dalam Ameoba
sp ?
tracheoles
body
tissue
Diagram 11
Diagram 12
Which of the following is true about the interactions K, L and M?
Manakah di antara berikut benar tentang interaksi K , L dan M ?
K L M
A Mutualism Commensalism Parasitism
B Mutualism Parasitism Saprophytism
C Saprophytism Commensalism Mutualism
D Parasitism Commensalism Mutualism
24. Which of the following chemical substance is used to kill or prevent the
multiplication of microorganisms in the wound?
Yang manakah di antara sebatian kimia berikut, digunakan untuk membunuh atau
mencegah pembiakan mikroorganisma dalam luka ?
A Antiseptic C Vaccine
Antiseptik Vaksin
B Antibiotic D Disinfectant
Antibiotik Disinfektan
25. Nitrates and phosphates from farmland that flow into a lake caused rapid growth
of algae .
What is described by the above situation ?
Nitrat dan fosfat yang dialirkan dari ladang ke dalam tasik telah menyebabkan
pertumbuhan alga yang mendadak.
Apakah yang diterangkan oleh situasi di atas ?.
A B
C D
Diagram 13
What is structure S?
Apakah struktur S?
A. Succulent leaves
Daun sukulen
B. Pneumatophores
Pneumatofor
C. Vivipary seeds
Biji benih vivipari
D. Prop roots
Akar jangkang Diagram 14
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Diagram 15
29. Diagram 16 shows a cross-section through the carpel of a flower before fertilization.
Rajah 16 menunjukkan keratan rentas
melalui karpel bunga sebelum
persenyawaan.
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Diagram 17
In which parts do the blood contain the most oxygen and nutrients?
Di bahagian manakah darah mempunyai kandungan oksigen dan nutrien yang
tinggi?
A 1 and 3 C 2 and 3
B 1 and 4 D 2 and 4
Diagram 18
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A P and R C Q and R
B P and S D Q and S
32. Diagram 19 shows the changes in the thickness of the uterus lining of a woman
during her menstrual cycle. At which time is the woman most likely to be fertile?
[Rajah 19 menunjukkan perubahan ketebalan lapisan uterus seorang wanita semasa
kitar haid. Pada masa yang manakah wanita itu mengalami waktu paling subur?]
Diagram 19
33. The haemoglobin content of a pregnant mother is low. Which food should be taken
to increase the haemoglobin content in her blood ?
Kandungan haemoglobin seorang ibu mengandung adalah rendah. Makanan
manakah yang perlu diambil untuk meningkatkan kandungan hemoglobin dalam
darahnya?
A Spinach C Tomato
Bayam Tomato
B Potatoes D Banana
Kentang Pisang
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34. Diagram 20 shows a part of hind limp which consists of femur, tibia and fibula .
Rajah 20 menunjukkan bahagian anggota belakang yang terdiri dari femur, tibia dan
fibula.
Patela
Diagram 20
Diagram 21
Hot pan
Periuk panas
Which of the following shows the correct sequence for the above action?
Antara berikut, manakah menunjukkan urutan yang betul bagi tindakan di atas?
A PQRS C QRSP
B P S R Q D QSPR
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36. A farmer sprays all the mangoes in his farm with hormone X to ensure that all the
mangoes ripen at the same time. What is hormone X?
Seorang petani menyembur semua buah manggadi ladang nya dengan hormon X
bagi memastikan semua mangganya masak pada masa yang sama.
Apakah hormon X?
A Auxin C Cytokinin
B Ethylene D Gibberilin
Diagram 22
What is X?
Apakah X?
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What is hormone X?
[Apakah hormone X?]
39. Which of the following is true when the osmotic pressure in the blood decreases?
Manakah di antara berikut benar sekiranya tekanan osmosis darah berkurangan?
A Increase Increase
Bertambah Bertambah
B Decrease Decrease
Berkurang Berkurang
C Decrease Increase
Berkurang Bertambah
D Increase Decrease
Bertambah Berkurang
40. Diagram 23 shows the stages in the development of follicle in the ovary of human.
Rajah 23 menunjukkan peringkat perkembangan folikel dalam ovari manusia.
L Diagram 23
M
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A It is repaired C It thickens
Ia diperbaiki Ia menebal
B It breaks down D Its thickness maintains
Ia terurai Ketebalannya dikekalkan
41. Melissa who is a carrier for colour blindness married to Aron a normal
colour vision.
What is the probability that their son is colour blind?
Melisa adalah pembawa bagi buta warna berkahwin dengan Aron yang
mempunyai penglihatan warna normal.
Apakah kemungkinan anak lelaki mereka adalah buta warna ?
A 0% C 50%
B 25% D 100%
42. A pair of fraternal twins are brought up by two different families and have
the following characteristics.
Sepasang kembar seiras telah dibesarkan oleh dua keluarga yang
berbeza
dan mempunyai ciri seperti berikut.
43. Diagram 24 shows a red rose plant is crossed with a white rose plant.
The F1 generations that are produced are two red rose plants and two white rose
plants. The allele for red rose plant, R is dominant to white rose plant, r.
Rajah 24 menunjukkan pokok ros merah dikacukkan dengan pokok ros putih.
Generasi F1 yang terhasil adalah dua pokok ros merah dan dua pokok ros putih. Alel
untuk pokok ros merah, R adalah dominan kepada alel ros putih, r.
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Parents
Phenotype
[Fenotip
induk] X
Red Rose White Rose
[Ros merah] [Ros putih]
F1
generation
Phenotype
[Fenotip
generasi F1]
Red Rose Red Rose White Rose White Rose
[Ros merah] [Ros merah] [Ros Putih] [Ros Putih]
Diagram 24
B Rr Rr
C Rr rr
D RR rr
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Efferent arteriole
Arteriol eferen Afferent arteriole
Arteriol aferen
Bowman capsule
Kapsul Bowman
Diagram 25
A Fibrinogen C Erythrocyte
Fibrinogen Eritrosit
B Leucocyte D Amino acid
Leukosit Amino asid
45. Diagram 26 shows a shirt with a blood stain before and after being washed with
detergent containing enzyme.
Rajah 26 menunjukkan baju dengan kesan darah sebelum dan selepas dibasuh
dengan pencuci mengandungi enzim.
Blood stain
Before After
Diagram 26
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Which is the most suitable enzyme and temperature to give the result shown?
Yang manakah enzim dan suhu yang paling sesuai untuk menghasilkan keputusan
seperti di atas?
Enzyme Temperature
A Lipase 37oC
B Protease 18oC
C Lipase 18oC
D Protease 37oC
Diagram 27
What is X ?
Apakah X ?
A Allele C Nucleotide
B Gene D Chromosome
Diagram 28
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A l and ll C l and lV
B l, ll and lll D l, ll and lV
Plant Human
Tumbuhan Manusia
Numbe
r
of individuals
Bilangan individu
Diagram 29
What type of variation shown in each population ?
Apakah jenis variasi ditunjukkan dalam setiap populasi ?
Human Plant
Manusia Tumbuhan
A Continuous Discontinuous
B Continuous Continuous
C Discontinuous Discontinuous
D Discontinuous Continuous
Which of the following shows the relative amount of biological mass in the food
chain ?
Manakah di antara berikut menunjukkan amaun jisim biologi relatif dalam rantai
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makanan ?
Diagram 30
Which of the following will be the type of immunisation acquired by these two
patients?
Antara berikut yang manakah merupakan jenis keimunan yang diperoleh oleh
kedua-dua pesakit?
P Q
A Artificial acquired active immunity Artificial acquired passive immunity
Keimunan aktif buatan Keimunan pasif buatan
B Artificial acquired passive immunity Artificial acquired active immunity
Keimunan pasif buatan Keimunan aktif buatan
C Natural acquired passive immunity Natural acquired active immunity
Keimunan pasif semulajadi Keimunan aktif semulajadi
Natural acquired active immunity Natural acquired passive immunity
D Keimunan aktif semulajadi Keimunan aktif semulajadi
BIOLOGY
Kertas 2
6 20
B
7 20
8 20
9 20
Jumlah
@PKPSM Pahang
Section A
For examiner’s
Bahagian A use
[60 marks]
[60 markah]
Q R
Diagram 1
Rajah 1
Q : ________________________________________________________ 1(a)
R : ________________________________________________________
[2 marks]
___________________________________________________________
[1 mark ]
(c) The plasma membrane is said to be semi-permeable.
What is the meaning of ‘semi-permeable’?
Membran plasma dikatakan bersifat separa-telap.
Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan ’ separa-telap?’
______________________________________________________________ 1 (c)
______________________________________________________________
[ 1 mark]
Diagram 1.2
Rajah 1.2
d) Graph in Diagram 1.2 shows the percentage of red blood cells that are
burst or shrink when placed in salt solution of different concentration.
Graf dalam Rajah 1.2 menunjukkan peratus sel darah merah yang pecah
atau mengecut apabila dimasukkan ke dalam larutan garam yang berbeza
kepekatan.
(i) Based on the graph given, state the concentration which is isotonic to
blood plasma.
3
[Lihat sebelah
Berdasarkan graf yang diberi, nyatakan kepekatan larutan yang 1(d)(i)
isotonik terhadap plasma darah.
_________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
1(d)(ii)
(ii) Explain your answer in (b)(ii).
Terangkan jawapan anda dalam (b)(ii).
________________________________________________________
_
(1 mark)
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________ 1(d)(iii)
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
[ 2 marks]
(e) The concentration of ions inside root cells is up to 100 times greater than in
the soil. Anyway, the ions are still transported into the cells by active
transport.
Kepekatan ion di dalam sel akar adalah 100 kali lebih tinggi berbanding di
dalam tanah. Walau bagaimanapun, ion-ion tersebut masih diangkut ke
dalam sel secara pengangkutan aktif.
(i) Define active transport.
Takrifkan pengangkutan aktif. 1 (e)(i)
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
[ 1 mark]
4
[Lihat sebelah
(ii) Explain what will happen to the uptake of the ions by root cells if the
roots are immersed in a solution containing metabolic poisons such
as cyanide.
Terangkan apa akan berlaku terhadap pengangkutan ion oleh oleh
sel akar jika akar tersebut direndam di dalam larutan yang
mengandungi racun metabolik seperti sianida.
___________________________________________________________ 1(e)(ii)
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
[3 marks] TOTAL
5
[Lihat sebelah
2 Diagram 2.1 shows the biochemical processes involve molecule K, For examiner’s
enzyme L and molecule M occur in organ X and organ Y. use
Rajah 2.1 menunjukkan proses biokimia yang melibatkan molekul K,
enzim L dan molekul M yang berlaku di dalam organ X dan organ Y.
M u s c le c e lls
O rg a n X O rg a n Y
h e p a tic p o r ta l
v e in
K
M
+ + + ......
E nzym e L
G ly c o g e n
Diagram 2.1
Rajah 2.1
_______________________________________
Enzyme L / enzim L : _______________________________________
[ 3 marks ]
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
6
[Lihat sebelah
[ 2 marks ]
(c) Molecules M are transported from organ Y to muscle cells. Explain why
molecule M is needed in muscle cells.
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________ 2 (c)
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
[ 3 marks ]
TOTAL
7
[Lihat sebelah
R S
Soil
T
3 Diagram 3.1 shows three stages X, Y and Z in meiosis. For examiner’s
use
Rajah 3.1 menunjukkan tiga peringkat X, Y dan Z dalam meiosis.
X Y Z
Diagram 3.1
Rajah 3.1
____________________________________________________________
[ 2 marks ]
____________________________________________________________
[ 2 marks ]
8
[Lihat sebelah
ii) The chromosome number in somatic cell of this organism is 12.
State the chromosome number in each of the daughter cell in Z.
Give a reason for your answer.
Bilangan kromosom dalam sel soma bagi organisma ini ialah 12.
Nyatakan bilangan kromosom dalam setiap sel anak Z.
Berikan alasan anda.
______________________________________________________ 3(b)(ii)
______
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
[ 2 marks ]
(c) Diagram 3.2 shows the process of sperm formation in the human testis.
Diagram 3.2
Rajah 3.2
Adakah sel A, sel B dan sel C seiras dari segi genetic? Terangkan.
____________________________________________________________ 3(c)(i)
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
9
[Lihat sebelah
____________________________________________________________
[2 marks]
(ii) If Cell B undergoes an improper cell division, cell D might receive an extra
chromosome. State the number of chromosomes in Cell D. 3(c)(ii)
__________________________________________________________
[ 1 mark ]
(iii) If cell D fertilises with an ovum, the zygote formed might develop into an 3(c)(iii)
abnormal male. State the syndrome of the individual.
For examiner’s
use
10
[Lihat sebelah
4 Diagram 4.1 shows the apparatus set up in an experiment to study the role
of the vascular tissue in the transport of water in plants.
4(a)
Diagram 4.1
Rajah 4.1
Diagram 4.2
Rajah 4.2 4(b)
11
[Lihat sebelah
Name the parts labelled K and M.
Namakan bahagian yang berlabel K dan M.
K : ___________________________________________________
M : ___________________________________________________
[ 2 marks ] 4(c)
(c) Name the tissue which is responsible for transporting water and minerals
ions from the roots to the upper parts of the plant.
Namakan tisu yang terlibat dalam pengangkutan air dan ion mineral dari
akar ke bahagian atas tumbuhan.
____________________________________________________________
[ 1 mark ]
(d) If the root of the plant is cut across, draw and label the observation made.
Jika keratan rentas dibuat ke atas akar tumbuhan, lukis dan labelkan
pemerhatian anda.
4(d)
[ 3 marks ]
For examiner’s
use
(e) Diagram 4.3 shows the effect of removing tissue M from the stem.
12
[Lihat sebelah
4(e)(i)
Diagram 4.3
Rajah 4.3
(ii) Explain why does the part above the ring become swollen after two weeks.
Terangkan mengapa bahagian atas gelang membengkak selepas dua
minggu.
___________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
4(e)(iii)
___________________________________________________________
[2 marks]
(iii) Explain why have the leaves not wilted after two weeks.
Terangkan mengapa daun-daun tidak layu selepas dua minggu.
___________________________________________________________ TOTAL
____________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
[2 marks]
13
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5. Figure 5 shows the reflex arc that occurs when the finger is accidentally
pricked with a needle.
Rajah 5 menunjukkan suatu arka refleks yang berlaku apabila jari tangan
secara tidak sengaja dicucuki oleh sebatang jarum.
5(a)
Diagram 5
Rajah 5
(a) Complete the above figure by drawing the appropriate neurones involved in
the reflex action.
(b) Explain the transmission of impulse from one neurone to another neurone.
5(b)
Terangkan pemindahan impuls dari satu neuron ke neuron yang
berikutnya.
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________ 5(c)
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
[ 4marks ]
14
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(c) Name the structures M and N.
Namakan struktur M dan N.
5(d)
M : ____________________________________________________
N : ____________________________________________________
[2 marks]
(d) Differentiate between the above reflex action with the voluntary action. 5(e)
Bezakan di antara tindakan refleks di atas dengan tindakan terkawal.
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
_
[1 mark]
5(f)
(e) State the importance of reflex action to us.
Nyatakan kepentingan tindakan refleks kepada kita.
____________________________________________________________
[1
mark ]
(f) If efferent neurone is injured and damaged, predict what will happen to the TOTAL
person.
Jika neuron eferen cedera dan rosak, ramalkan apa yang akan berlaku
Kepada orang tersebut.
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
[1
mark ]
Section B
Bahagian B
[40 marks]
15
[Lihat sebelah
Answer any two questions from this section.
Jawab mana-mana dua soalan daripada bahagian ini
(i) (ii)
Diagram 6.1
.
Based on Figure 6.1(i) and Figure 6.1(ii), explain how the above
movement takes place which involves muscles, tendons, bones, ligaments
and joints
(b)(i) By giving one example of woody plant and and non-woody, explain how
the support system in woody plants differs from that of non-woody plants.
Dengan menyatakan contoh, terangkan bagaimana sistem sokongan
pada tumbuhan berkayu berbeza daripada tumbuhan tidak berkayu.
[10 marks]
7(a) Diagram 7.1 shows how the respiratory gases are transported in the
human body.
Rajah 7.1 menunjukkan bagaimana gas respirasi diangkut dalam badan
manusia.
16
[Lihat sebelah
Diagram 7.1
(i) Based on Diagram 7.1, explain how the transport of oxygen and
carbon dioxide takes place in the body cells
Berdasarkan Rajah 7.1, terangkan bagaimanakah pengangkutan
oksigen dan karbon dioksida berlaku di dalam sel-sel badan.
[6 marks]
(b) The shaded area of the graph in Diagram 7.2 shows the intake of oxygen
by an athlete before, during and after running for five minutes.
Kawasan yang berlorek pada graf dalam Rajah 7.2 menunjukkan
pengambilan oksigen oleh seorang atlet sebelum, semasa dan selepas
17
[Lihat sebelah
berlari selama 5 minit.
Diagram 7.2
[10 marks]
8(a) Mr Nick has group A blood while his wife has group B blood. The group of
their son is O.
Explain how this happen.
18
[Lihat sebelah
Mr Nick mempunyai kumpulan darah A manakala isterinya mempunyai
kumpulan darah B. Kumpulan darah anak lelaki mereka ialah O.
Terangkan bagaimana ini boleh berlaku.
[10 marks]
(b) Nowadays, the DNA fingerprinting technique has replaced the common
fingerprinting technique in criminal investigations.
Pada masa kini, teknik cap jari DNA telah menggantikan teknik cap jari
biasa dalam penyiasatan jenayah.
19
[Lihat sebelah
Diagram 9
(i) Explain why most plants cannot colonise and grow in the swamps.
Terangkan mengapa kebanyakan tumbuhan tidak boleh hidup dan
tumbuh di kawasan paya bakau.
[5 marks]
(ii) Explain how the mangrove trees adapt themselves to the harsh
living conditions.
Terangkan bagaimana pokok bakau ini menyesuaikan diri dengan
keadaan hidup yang sukar.
[5 marks]
(b) Development that is not planned and managed properly has brought
negative effects to the ecosystem such as land erosion, flash flood,
landslides, global warming, thinning of the ozone layer, climate change
and the extinction of certain species.
Pembangunan yang tidak terancang dan terurus dengan teliti boleh
membawa kesan negatif kepada ekosistem seperti hakisan tanah, banjir
kilat, tanah runtuh, pamanasan global, penipisan lapisan ozon, perubahan
iklim dan kepupusan spesis tertentu.
20
[Lihat sebelah
END OF QUESTION PAPER
KERTAS SOALAN TAMAT
2. Answer all questions in Section A. Write your answers for Section A clearly in
spaces provided in the question paper.
21
[Lihat sebelah
Jawab semua soalan dalam Bahagian A. Jawapan anda bagi Bahagian A
hendaklah ditulis pada ruang yang disediakan dalam kertas soalan ini.
3. Answer any two question from Section B. Write your answers for Section B on the
‘helaian tambahan’ provided by the invigilators. You may use equations, diagrams,
tables, graphs and other suitable methods to explain your answer.
Jawab mana-mana dua soalan daripada Bahagian B. Jawapan anda bagi
Bahagian B hendaklah ditulis dalam helaian tambahan yang dibekalkan oleh
pengawas peperiksaan. Anda boleh menggunakan persamaan, rajah, jadual, graf,
dan cara lain yang sesuai untuk menjelaskan jawapan anda.
4. The diagrams in the questions are not drawn to scale unless stated.Rajah yang
mengiringi soalan tidak dilukis mengikut skala kecuali dinyatakan
.
5. The marks allocated for each question or sub-part of a question are shown in
brackets.
Markah yang diperuntukan bagi setiap soalan atau ceraian soalan ditunjukkan dalam
kurungan.
6. If you wish to change your answer, cross out the answer that you have done. Then
write down the new answer.Jika anda hendak menukar jawapan, batalkan jawapan
yang telah dibuat. Kemudian tulis jawapan yang baru.
8. You are advised to spend 90 minute to answer question in Section A and 60 minutes
for Section B.
Anda dinasihati supaya mengambil masa 90 minit untuk menjawab soalan dalam
Bahagian A dan 60 minit untuk Bahagian B.
9. Detach Section B from this question paper. Tie the ‘helaian tambahan’ together with
this question paper and hand in to the invigilator at the end of the examination.
Ceraikan Bahagian B daripada kertas soalan ini. Ikat helaian tambahan bersama-
sama kerts soalan ini dan serahkan kepada pengawas peperiksaan pada akhir
peperiksaan.
22
[Lihat sebelah
MARKING SCHEME
BIOLOGY 2 (4551/2)
SPM TRIAL EXAMINATION
2009
Sample answer :
Q : Carrier protein 1
R : Channel protein / pore protein 1 2
Sample answer :
Sample answer :
Sample answer :
Sample answer :
SampleAnswer :
Sample answer :
Sample answer :
TOTAL 13 marks
2(a)(i) Able to name organ X and organ Y.
Sample answer :
Molecule K : Starch 1
Molecule M : Glucose 1
Enzyme L : (Pancreatic) Amylase 1 5
Sample answer :
Sample answer :
Sample answer :
TOTAL 12 marks
Sample answer :
X : Prophase I 1
Y : Metaphase I 1 2
Sample Answer:
(b)(i)
1
1 2
(ii) Prophase I
Metaphase I
(Paired homologous
chromosomes) are
arranged randomly. 1
(Paired homologous
chromosomes) are
arranged on the 1 2
metaphase plate /
equatorial plane.
(c)(i)
Spindle fibre does not hold
on the centromere of the
chromosomes .
Spindle fibre holds on the
centromere of the 1
chromosomes.
1 2
(The homologous
(ii) chromosomes paired and)
crossing over take place.
(The homologous
chromosomes paired)
crossing over does not
take place. 1
(iii) 1 2
( Any 2 ) 1
Sample answer :
P1 : 6 (chromosomes).
P2 :(During meiosis) the daughter cell receives half
the number of chromosome from the parent cell / 2n
// Daughter cell haploid / n, parent cell diploid / 2n
Sample answer :
Sample answer :
24 (chromosomes)
Down’s syndrome
// Klinefelter’s syndrome
Sample answer :
Sample answer :
K : Xylem 1
M : Phloem 1 2
Sample answer :
Xylem 1 1
4(d) Able to draw and label the observation of the root cut
across.
Sample answer :
Xylem
Phloem
Pericycle
Cortex
// ground tissue
Drawing – 1 m 1
Any 2 labels – 2 m 2 3
(e)(i) Able to state the type of transport involved in
Diagram 4.3.
Sample answer :
Translocation 1
(ii) Able to explain why does the part above the ring
become swollen after two weeks.
Sample answer :
Sample answer :
TOTAL 12 marks
5(a) Able to complete the drawing the appropriate neurons
involved in the reflex action.
Sample answer :
3 neurones – 2 m
2 neurones - 1 m 2 2
Sample answer :
Sample answer :
Sample answer :
Sample answer :
Sample answer:
TOTAL 11 marks
6(a) Able to relate the tissues involved in producing the
running movement
Sample Answer:
Examples – 2 marks ,
Facts – 8 marks
Sample answers:
MAXIMUM: 10 marks
20 marks
TOTAL
Sample answers:
Sample answer:
Sample answer:
MAXIMUM: 10 marks
20 marks
TOTAL
Answer :
MAXIMUM: 10 marks 10
(b)
Advantages: 1
P1: DNA fingerprinting is more accurate than common
fingerprinting as no two people have the same DNA
fingerprints. 1
P2: DNA fingerprinting is more efficient than blood-type
identification because many people have the s a m e 1
blood type 1
P3: DNA fingerprinting requires only a small amount of DNA to 1
obtain a highly accurate result
P4: DNA samples last longer than fingerprints.
P5: Mixed DNA samples can still be used.
1
P6: DNA evidence is harder to clean up compared to
1
fingerprints.
6
Disadvantages:
P7: DNA samples may be degraded by adding
chemicals, and this will affect the accuracy of the technique.
P8: Human errors are possible when different procedures and
standards are used in DNA fingerprinting.
MAXIMUM: 6 marks
TOTAL 20 marks
9(a) (i) Able to explain why most plants cannot colonise and
grow in the swamps.
Sample answer:
(b)
P1: The leave canopy in the forest protects the soil from 1
excess rain water.
P2: When the forest is cleared, the soil is exposed to rain
1
(water) / wind. 1
P3: this will cause soil erosion
P4:The soil that is exposed to wind will be blown to
another area, 1
P5: while soil that is exposed to rain water will be eroded
1
and deposited at the bottom of the river / pond /lake.
P6:The soil at the hill slopes can (also) be washed away by 1
heavy rain water
P7: resulting in land slides. 1
P8: (The deposited soil will) cause the water level to increase 1
rapidly when it rains and
P9: this will in turn cause flash floods. 1
P10:Wild life species will also be threatened 1
1
P11: when their habitat is destroyed.
1
P12: Global warming will occur 1
P13:due to an increase in the Earth's temperature,
P14:which is caused by excess emissions of carbon
dioxide/ methane/ CFC /nitrogen dioxide (into the 1
1
atmosphere). 1
P15:These gases trap the heat that is reflected by the Earth.
P16:The thinning of the ozone layer occurs
P17: when the ozone layer (that protects the Earth from
10
ultraviolet radiation) is destroyed by chlorofluorocarbons
(CFC).
MAXIMUM: 10 marks
TOTAL 20 marks
20 marks
SULIT 4551/3
BIOLOGY
Kertas 3
@PKPSM Pahang
INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES
MAKLUMAT UNTUK CALON
1. This question paper consists of two questions. Question 1 and Question 2.
Kertas soalan ini mengandungi dua soalan. Soalan 1 dan Soalan 2.
2. Answer all questions. Write your answer for Question 1 in the spaces
provided in the question paper.
Jawab semua soalan. Jawapan anda bagi Soalan 1 hendaklah ditulis
pada ruangan yang disediakan dalam kertas soalan ini.
3. Write your answers for Question 2 on the answer sheet. You may use
equations, diagrams, tables, graphs and other suitable methods to explain
your answer.
Jawapan anda bagi Soalan 2 hendaklah ditulis dalam helaian tambahan
yang dibekalkan. Anda boleh menggunakan persamaan, rajah, jadual,
graf dan cara lain yang sesuai untuk menjelaskan jawapan anda.
5. The diagrams in the questions are not drawn to scale unless stated.
Rajah yang mengiringi soalan tidak dilukis mengikut skala kecuali
dinyatakan.
6. The marks allocated for each question or sub-part question are shown in
brackets.
Markah yang diperuntukkan bagi setiap soalan atau ceraian soalan
ditunjukkan dalam kurungan.
7. If you wish to change your answer, cross out the answer that you have
done. Then write down the new answer.
Jika anda hendak menukar jawapan, batalkan jawapan yang telah dibuat.
Kemudian tulis jawapan yang baru.
2
Answer all questions
Jawab semua soalan
Step 1 : A cork boarer is used to obtain four cylindrical potato strips and each
strip was cut at 5 mm long.
Langkah 1 : Satu penebuk gabus digunakan untuk mendapatkan empat jalur ubi
kentang dan setiap jalur dipotong sepanjang 5 mm.
Step 2 : The potato strip was wiped dry with tissue paper and weighed
individually.
Langkah 2 : Jalur ubi kentang dilap kering dengan kertas tisu dan setiap satu
ditimbang.
Step 3 : Each strip was immersed in petri dish containing different concentration
of sucrose solution.
Langkah 3 : Setiap jalur direndam ke dalam piring petri yang mengandungi larutan
sukrosa berbeza kepekatan.
Step 4 : After 30 minutes ,the potato strips were removed and wiped dry again.
Langkah 4 : Selepas 30 minit, jalur ubi kentang dikeluarkan dan sekali lagi dilap
kering.
Step 5 : The final mass of each potato strip was weighed and then recorded.
Langkah 5: Jisim akhir setiap jalur ubi kentang diukur dan direkodkan.
Diagram 1
3
Table 1 shows the results of this experiment.
Jadual 1 menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen ini.
0.2 M
sucrose solution
0.2 M
larutan sukrosa
0.4 M
sucrose solution
0.4 M
larutan sukrosa
0.6M
sucrose solution
0.6 M
larutan sukrosa
0.8M
sucrose solution
0.8 M
larutan sukrosa
Table 1
Jadual 1
4
1 (a) (i) Record the initial mass of potato strip in the space provided in Diagram 1. For
Rekodkan jisim awal jalur ubi kentang dalam ruangan yang disediakan pada Examiner’s
Rajah 1 Use
(ii) Record the final mass of potato strip in the boxes provided in Table 1.
Rekodkan jisim akhir jalur ubi kentang dalam kotak yang disediakan dalam 1 (a)
Jadual 1.
[3 marks]
3
[3 markah]
Observation 1/ Pemerhatian 1:
………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………
……
Observation 2 / Pemerhatian 2 :
1 (b)(i)
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
[3 marks]
[3 markah]
….……………………………………………………………………………………
….……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………… 3
[3 marks]
[3 markah] For
Examiner’s
Use
5
(c) Complete Table 2 based on this experiment.
Lengkapkan Jadual 2 berdasarkan eksperimen ini.
….……………………………… ………………………………………
………………………………… ………………………………………
………………………………… ………………………………………
Responding variable
Pembolehubah bergerak balas
….……………………………… …………………………………………
………………………………… …………………………………………
………………………………… …………………………………………
Constant variable
Pembolehubah dimalarkan
….……………………………… ………………………………………..
………………………………… …………………………………………
Table 2
Jadual 2 3
[3 marks]
[3 markah]
(d) State the hypothesis for this experiment.
Nyatakan hipotesis bagi eksperimen ini.
………………………………………………………………………………………
1(d)
………………………………………………………………………………………
3
………………………………………………………………………………………
[3 marks]
[3 markah]
6
For
(e) (i) Construct a table and record all the data collected in this experiment. Examiner’s
Bina satu jadual dan rekodkan semua data yang dikumpul dalam Use
eksperimen ini.
1 (e)(i)
3
[3 marks]
[3 markah]
7
(f) Based on the graph in 1(e)(ii), state the concentration of the sucrose
For
solution which is isotonic to the concentration of the cell sap of the potatoes. Examiner’s
Explain your answer. Use
……………………………………………………………………………………… 1 (f)
……………………………………………………………………………………… 3
………………………………………………………………………………………
[3 marks]
[3 markah]
(g) State the operational definition for osmosis.
Nyatakan definisi secara operasi bagi osmosis.
……………………………………………………………………………………… 1 (g)
………………………………………………………………………………………
3
………………………………………………………………………………………
[3 marks]
[3 markah]
(h) The potato strip from 0.6M sucrose solution was taken out and was dried
with tissue paper. Then it was immersed in distilled water for 30 minutes.
Based on the results of this experiment, predict what will happen to the
potato strip.
Explain your prediction.
Jalur ubi kentang dari 0.6M larutan sukrosa telah dikeluarkan dan
dikeringkan menggunakan kertas tisu. Kemudian ia direndam dalam larutan
air suling selama 30 minit.
Berdasarkan keputusan eksperimen ini, ramalkan apa yang berlaku kepada
jalur ubi kentang tersebut. 1(h)
Terangkan ramalan anda.
…………………………………………………………………………………… 3
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
[3 marks]
[3 markah]
8
(i) In another experiment,it was found that a mustard stem strip that was For
immersed in 0.8% natrium chloride solution did not undergoes change in Examiner’s
mass. Use
Dalam eksperimen lain didapati bahawa satu jalur batang sawi yang telah
direndamkan kedalam larutan natrium klorida 0.8% tidak mengalami
perubahan jisim.
Table 2
Jadual 2.
[3 marks]
[3 markah]
The percentage change in mass of potato strips and the concentration of the
sucrose solutions .
Perubahan peratus jisim jalur ubi kentang dengan kepekatan larutan sukrosa
9
2. Transpiration is the loss of water vapour through evaporation in living
plants.The rate of transpiration is affected by external conditions.
10
A group of students is given the apparatus and materials to investigate one of
the external conditions.
Transpirasi ialah kehilangan wap air melalui penyejatan di dalam tumbuhan
yang hidup. Kadar transpirasi dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor persekitaran.
Sekumpulan pelajar dibekalkan dengan bahan-bahan dan peralatan untuk
mengkaji salah satu daripada faktor persekitan tersebut.
Diagram 2
● Problem statement
Pernyataan masalah
● Aim of investigation
Tujuan ekperimen
● Hypothesis
Hipotesis
● Variables
Pembolehubah
11
● List of apparatus and materials
Senarai bahan dan peralatan
● Technique used
Teknik yang digunakan
● Experimental procedure or method
Kaedah / cara ekperimen dijalankan
● Presentation of data
Persembahan data
● Conclusion
Kesimpulan [ 17 marks ]
12
MARKING SCHEME
BIOLOGY 3 (4551/3)
SPM TRIAL EXAMINATION
2009
Question1
Scor Explanation
e
3 Able to record 1 reading for the initial mass and all 4 readings for the
final mass of potato strips correctly .
Sample Answer:
Initial mass : 50 gm
1
Type of
solution
Final mass of
potato strip
after 30
minutes
( gm)
0.2M
58
0.4M
52
0.6M
46
0.8M
42
Able to record 1 reading for the initial mass and all 3 readings for the
2 final mass of potato strips correctly .
Able to record any 1 reading for the initial mass and all 2 readings for
1 the final mass of potato strips correctly .
No response or 1 reading for the initial mass and 1 reading for the final
0 mass .
2
Scor Explanation
e
Able to state two correct observations based on the following criteria :
[Observation must have values for MV and RV from Table 1 or
comparison between two readings.]
3
Sample answer:
1. In 0.2M sucrose solution, the final mass of potato strip is 58 gm.
2. The final mass of potato strip immersed in 0.8M sucrose solution is
42 gm.
3. The final mass of potato strip immersed in 0.8M sucrose solution is
less than the final mass of potato strip immersed in 0.2M sucrose
solution // inversely
Sample Answer:
1. At concentration 0.8 M, the final mass is the lowest // inversely.
2 2. The highest concentration of sucrose solution, the final mass is 58
gm // inversely.
3. The concentration of sucrose solution influences the final mass of
potato strip .
Sample Answer:
1
1. The concentration changes / increases / decreases.
2. The final mass of potato strip changes /increases /decreases.
3
Scor
e
Corre
ct
Inacc
urate
Idea
Wron
g
3
2
-
-
-
2
1
1
-
-
-
2
-
-
1
1
-
1
-
-
-
2
-
4
1 (b) (ii) [KB0604 – Making inference]
Scor Explanation
e
Able to state two inferences for each observation made correctly and
accurately for each observation and equivalent in 1(b)(i).
Sample answers:
1. (At concentration of 0.2M), water molecule diffuse into the cell.
3
2. (At concentration of 0.8M), water molecule diffuse out of the cell.
3. More water molecule diffuse out of the cell at 0.8M but more water
diffuse into the cell at 0.2M.
Sample answers:
2
1. More water molecule diffuse .
2. The diffusion of water is influenced by concentration
Sample Answer:
1
1. Osmosis occurs.
Scoring:
5
Score
Correct
Inaccurat
e
Idea
Wrong
3
2
-
-
-
2
1
1
-
-
-
2
-
-
1
1
-
1
-
-
-
2
-
-
1
1
6
1 (c) [KB0610 – Controlling Variables]
Scor Explanation
e
3 Able to state all 3 variables and the methods to handle the variable
correctly.
Sample Answer :
7
Variables
Method to handle the
variable correctly
Manipulated variable:
Concentration of sucrose
solution
Responding variable :
Final mass of potato strip //
percentage change in mass
of potato strip
Constant variable:
1. Duration of immersion /
Scor Explanation
e
Able to state a hypothesis by relating the manipulated variable and
responding variable correctly with following aspects:
3 Sample Answer :
1. As the concentration of sucrose solution increases, the final mass
of potato strip decreases // the percentage change in mass
decreases.
2. As the concentration of sucrose solution increases / decreases,
the final mass of potato strip increases /decreases // the
percentage change in mass increases // decreases
Sample Answer:
1. The increase of the concentration of sucrose solution influences /
2 affects the final mass of potato strip.
2. The percentage change in mass of potato strip is affected by
concentration of sucrose solution.
Sample Answer :
1. Final mass of potato strip / concentration of sucrose solution
1 changes.
2. As the final mass of potato strip increases the percentage change
increases.
9
1 (e) (i) [KB0606 – Communication]
Scor Explanation
e
3 Able to construct a table correctly with the following aspects:
Sample answer :
10
Concentration of
sucrose solution
(M)
Initial mass
(gm)
Final mass
(gm)
Percentage change in
mass
Final mass-Initial mass
X 100
Initial mass
(%)
0.2
50
58
16.0
0.4
50
52
4.0
0.6
50
46
-8.0
0.8
50
42
-16.0
11
Any two aspects correct
2
Any one aspect correct
1
No response or wrong response.
0
Scor Explanation
e
Able to draw the graph correctly with the following aspects:
P(paksi) : Corrected title with unit on both horizontal, vertical axis and
3 uniform scale on the axis.
T(titik) : All points plotted / transferred correctly.
B(bentuk) : Able to join the points to form a smooth graph / line
Relationship :
3 Explanation
P2 = K Linmacam tak lengkap aje………………………………..
P3 = Able to state
Sample answer :
Produced (P3).
Scor Explanation
e
Able to define operationally based on the result of the experiment with the
following aspects:
Able to define operationally based on the result of the experiment with two
2
aspects correctly.
13
Able to define operationally based on the result of the experiment with
1
only one aspects correctly.
0 No response or wrong response
Scor Explanation
e
Able to predict and explain the outcome of the experiment correctly with
the following aspects:
Prediction :
P1 : Able to predict the mass of the potato strip correctly.
Explanation :
P2 : Able to state distilled water is hypotonic
P3 : Able to state more water molecules diffuse into the potato strip
3
Sample answer:
1. The mass of the potato strip increases more than 46 gm // any
values more than 46 gm .Water molecules diffused into the potato
strip because distilled water is hypotonic.
Able to predict and explain the outcome of the experiment correctly with
2 the two aspects
.
Able to predict and explain the outcome of the experiment correctly with
1 one aspect correctly.
Solution
concentrations
Kepekatan larutan
(%)
Types of solution
compared to the
osmotic concentration
of cell sap
Jenis larutan
dibandingkan dengan
kepekatan osmotik sap
sel
Hypotonic
Isotonic
Hypertonic
Question 2
Score Criteria
C1 : Manipulated variable
C2 : Responding variable
Sample Answer :
transpiration ?
transpiration ?
1 Sample Answer:
Score Criteria
Criteria set:
17
Sample Answer :
transpiration.
transpiration
Sample Answer :
1 Sample Answer:
18
Score Criteria
3 Scoring Criteria :
Sample answer
transpiration.
a distance of 2 cm.
intensity
Sample Answer:
19
Record the time taken for the bubble to move a distance of 2 cm
using a stopwatch.
Sample Answer :
20
External condition
Rate of
transpiration
(mms-1)
Average
Without fan / no
air movement
21
Scoring Criteria :
2
State 4 - 6 items
Scoring Criteria:
1
State 1 - 3 items
Score Criteria
Criteria :
- The capillary tube and rubber tubing are filled with water.
- The leafy shoot is inserted into the rubber tubing under water.
- The capillary tube is lifted up above the water surface to trap an air
bubble.
- The capillary tube is placed back into the beaker of water and kept
22
- The rate of transpiration is calculated.
Remark :
of 2 cm using a stopwatch
Sample Answer:
Sample Answer:
Method / Procedure :
23
1. Cut a leafy balsam / named plant shoot slantly under water to
prevent air from entering the xylem.
1. The capillary tube and rubber tubing are filled with water.
2. The leafy shoot is inserted into the rubber tubing under water.
3. The leaves are wiped dry. Some vaseline is smeared around the
rubber tubing to make the apparatus airtight.
4. The potometer is placed in a beaker of water for 5 minutes at
room temperature to allow water to move up the capillary tube.
5. The capillary tube is lifted up above the water surface to trap an
air bubble.
6. The capillary tube is placed back into the beaker of water and
kept upright using a retort stand.
7. Mark two points , P and Q at a distance of 2 cm apart on the
capillary tube.
8. A fan is used to give air movement.
9. A stopwatch is activated and the distance travel by the air
bubble from P to Q point is recorded.
10. Steps 5-9 is repeated twice to obtained an average reading.
11. The experiment is repeated without using fan.
12. The results are recorded in a table.
13. The rate of transpiration is calculated.
Skor Perkara
Sample Answer:
24
Materials :
*distilled water
vaselin
Apparatus :
Mark:
3X5 = 15 marks
B1 = 1 mark( technique)
TOTAL = 17 marks
25
26