3 week of embryo

rd

development
Notochord
Gastrulation
• Established 3 germ
layers (trilaminar
embryonic disc)
• Epiblast migrate
from primitive streak
to:
1. hypoblast-----
endoderm.
2. Inbetween epiblast
and hypoblast------
intraembryonic
mesoderm.
3. Remainder of
epiblast-----ectoderm
Intraembryonic mesoderm
• Epiblast remain fused
with hypoblast (NO
mesoderm) at:
1. cranially:
buccopharyngeal
membrane (future site
of mouth).
2. Caudally: cloacal
membrane (future site
for anus)
 Notochord
• Solid extension
epiblast
• Lie in midline.
• Extends from
primitive node to
prochordal plate.
• Induces changes in:
1. ectoderm-----neural
plate (CNS).
2. Mesoderm---
vertebral bodies
 Steps of Notochord Formation
1. Epiblast cells invaginate
from primitive node to
prochordal plate Notochordal
process
(buccopharyngeal
membrane)-------solid
cord =
NOTOCHORDAL Notochordal
PROCESS canal

2. Primitive pit extends in

the process---------
NOTOCHORDAL
CANAL
 Neurenteric canal

B- the floor of the

notochordal canal fuse
with the endoderm and
degenerate-------------
Notochordal plate.
Notochordal plate
C- infolding of the notochordal plate------- solid rod-like
structure (Notochord).

ectoderm

Notochordal plate
mesoderm

endoderm

Notochord
 NOTOCHORD
• Form the basis for the
axial skeleton
• Induces the
development of
vertebrae.
• Its remainder forms the
nucleus pulposus of the
intervertebral disc.

Bodies of
vertebra
The first indication of gastrulation in
:the embryo is
• Formation of extraembryonic mesoderm.
• Formation of chorionic villi.
• Formation of notochord.
• Formation of primitive streak.
• Formation of prochordal plate.
For a woman the first indication that she is
pregnant is a missed period. In which week
of embryonic development will she
?experience her first missed period

• Start of week 1
• Start of week 2.
• Start of week 3.
• Start of week 4.
Development of trophoblast

Chorionic villi
Primary chorionic villi

2
 Secondary chorionic villi

• Syncytiotrophoblast.
• Cytotrophoblast.
• Mesodermal core
 Angiogenesis

Formation of blood vessels and blood cells occur in

extraembryonic mesoderm during 3rd week------ extend in the
secondary villi--------tertiary villi
Tertiary chorionic villi

2
3
• cytotrophoblast penetrate syncytiotrophoblast and make
contact with the endometrium.
• proliferate forming outer cytotrophoblastic shell-----------
1. Firmly attaches chorion to endometrium.
2. Prevents further invasion by syncytiotrophoblast.
 Mesoderm
Extraembryonic Intraembryonic
• Formed during • Formed during
week 2. week 3.
• Involved in • Forms various
chorionic villi and tissues and
placenta organs.
formation