B mn Ho V c i cng

PHN I

5:51:53 O1/p11/9/2012

BI TP HO
CU TO NGUYN T V BNG H THNG TUN HON

1.
a. Khi chiu nh sng vi bc sng = 434 nm vo b mt cc kim loi: K, Ca, Zn, i vi
kim loi no s xy ra hiu ng quang in?
b. Vi trng hp xy ra hiu ng quang in - Hy tnh vn tc e khi bt ra khi b mt kim
loi.
Cho bit tn s gii hn ca cc kim loi
Kim loi
o(s-1)

K
5,5.1014

Ca
7,1.1014

Zn
10,4.1014
p s:

a. Kim loi K
b. v = 4,53.105 m.s-1

2. Nng lng phn ly lin kt I - I trong phn t I2 l 150,48kJ.mol-1. Nng lng ny c th

s dng di dng nh sng. Hy tnh bc sng nh sng cn s dng trong qu trnh ny.
p s:
795 nm
3. Trong nguyn t hidro trng thi c bn gi thit bn knh trung bnh ca qu o electron
l 0,53.10-10 m, hy tnh bt nh trong vn tc chuyn ng ca electron.
p s:
vx 6,9.106 m/s.
4. Hy tnh bc sng ca sng vt cht lin kt vi mt my bay c khi lng 100 tn bay
vi vn tc 1000 km/h v ca sng lin kt vi mt electron c khi lng bng 9,1x10-31 kg
chuyn ng vi vn tc 106 m/s.Rt ra nhn xt?
p s:
mb = 2,385.10-41m
e = 7,28.10-10m
5. Ion R3+ c hai phn lp ngoi cng l 3p63d2
Vit cu hnh electron ca R v R3+ di dng ch v .
Xc nh Z, chu k, nhm, phn nhm ca R.
Vit cng thc oxit cao nht ca R
Nu cc b tr s c th c ca 4 s lng t i vi 2 electron 3d2 ca ion R3+.
6. Mt nguyn t R thuc chu k 4 c th to hp cht kh dng RH3 v to oxit cao nht dng
R2O5. Hy vit cu hnh electron ca nguyn t R v cc ion R3+, R5+. Xc nh v tr ca R
trong bng h thng tun hon.
7. Vit cu hnh electron ca cc nguyn t c Z = 9, 11, 16. T hy cho bit:
a. Nguyn t no trong cc nguyn t trn c nng lng ion ho I1 ln nht, nguyn t no c
nng lng ion ho I1 nh nht.
b. Cation v anion no d c to thnh nht t mi nguyn t.
8. Tnh nng lng ion ho ca nguyn t H; ion He+ v ion Li2+ trng thi c bn v gii
thch s bin thin nng lng ion ho theo dy H, He+, Li2+.
p s:
I H = 13,6eV
I He+ = 54,4eV
I Li2+ = 122,4eV
I tng v Z i vi e tng
1

B mn Ho V c i cng

5:51:53 O1/p11/9/2012

9. Radi (Ra) Z = 88 l nguyn t kim th ( chu k 7). Hy d on nguyn t kim th tip

theo s c s th t l bao nhiu.
p s:
Z = 120
LIN KT HO HC
1. Vit cc cng thc Lewis c th c ca cc phn t v ion sau: PO43-, SO42-, NO2-, NO2+,
CO32-.
2. Theo quan im ca thuyt cp e lin kt (thuyt ho tr v lin kt thuyt VB), hy gii
thch:
a. Cc trng thi ho tr c th c ca S (Z = 16), Cl (Z = 17)
b. V sao nguyn t Nit (Z = 7) khng th c ho tr 5.
3. Dng thuyt cp e lin kt (thuyt VB) gii thch s to thnh cc phn t v ion: B 2, BF,
BF3, BF4-.
4. V sao phn t NH3 c dng thp tam gic, cn phn t BF3 c dng tam gic phng.
5. Hy gii thch ti sao trong dy:
H2O H2S H2Se gc lin kt cng gn vi gc vung?
6. Hy cho bit cc loi lin kt c trong cc phn t sau:
Cl2, O2, N2, CO2, (H2O)x, (HF)2, NH3, NH4+, KF
Bit m in ca
H
C
O
N
F
K
2,1
2,5 3,5
3,0
4
0,8
7. Trn c s thuyt VB, hy m t cc lin kt trong cc phn t: CH3 CH3; CH2 = CH2;
CH CH bng s xen ph cc AO. Ghi trn s : lin kt no l lin kt , lin kt no l
lin kt .
8. Cho cc phn t v ion B2, B2+, F2, F2a. Hy v gin nng lng cc MO v cu hnh e ca cc phn t v ion .
b. Tnh bc lin kt.
c. Nhn xt v bn lin kt v di lin kt ca B2 vi B2+, F2 vi F2-.
d. Nhn xt t tnh.
e. So snh cc kt qu trn vi phng php cp e lin kt (VB).
9. Hy cho bit cc AO c th tham gia to MO lin kt trong cc trng hp:
a. To phn t HF t H v F.
b. To phn t HCl t H v Cl.
c. To phn t CO t C v O.
10. Gii thch v sao nng lng ion ho ca cc phn t H2, N2, C2, CO cao hn nng lng
ion ho ca cc nguyn t tng ng v nng lng ion ho ca cc phn t F 2, O2, NO li
thp hn nng lng ion ho ca cc nguyn t tng ng.
I1 ( kJ/mol )

H
1308

C
1083

N
1396

O
1312

F
1675

H2
C2
N2
O2
F2
I1
1488
1154
1507
1173
1526
11. C cc phn t v ion sau: SO2, CO2, OF2, BF3, CF4, H3O+
2

CO
1354

NO
913

B mn Ho V c i cng

5:51:53 O1/p11/9/2012

Hy cho bit mi nguyn t trung tm ca cc phn t v ion trn c dng lai ho g v cu

trc khng gian ca chng. Phn t no c mmen lng cc phn t bng khng, phn t no
c mmen lng cc phn t khc khng?
12. Bit nhit si v nhit ho hi ca cc hp cht sau:
HF
HCl
HBr
HI
Ts (K)
292
189
206
238
Hhh (KJ/mol)
32,6
16,3
17,6
19,6
Nhn xt v gii thch quy lut bin thin ca cc i lng ?
13. LiF c mmen = 6,5D, khong cch gia hai ht nhn l = 1,56Ao. Hy tnh ion ca
lin kt trong LiF.
p s:
87%
14. Thc nghim xc nh c mmen lng cc ca phn t H 2O l 1,85D, gc lin kt
HOH = 104,5o, di lin kt O H l 0,0957nm
a. Tnh momen lng cc lin kt O H (b qua mmen to ra do cc cp e khng lin kt ca
oxi).
b. Tnh ion c trong lin kt O H.
p s:
a. O-H = 1,51D
b. 32,8%

B mn Ho V c i cng

5:51:53 O1/p11/9/2012

PHN II: NHIT NG HC, NG HO HC V IN HO HC

CHNG I: P DNG NGUYN L TH NHT CA NHIT NG HC VO HO HC
NHIT HO HC

1. Khi t chy 0,532g hi benzen 25oC v th tch khng i vi mt lng oxy d, to ra

22475,746J sn phm l CO2(k) v H2O (l)
Tnh: a/ Nhit chy ca benzen th tch khng i.
b/ H ca phn ng khi t chy 1 mol benzen?
p s:
a. U = Qv = -3295,316 kJ.mol1

b. H = - 3301,51 kJ
2. 25oC v di p sut 1atm, nhit chy ca xiclopropan kh (CH2)3, ca graphit v ca
hydr ln lt bng -2091,372; -393,513 v -285,838kJ.mol-1. Cng iu kin entanpi to
thnh ca propen kh CH3 CH = CH2 bng 20,414kJ.mol-1.
Tnh: a/ Ho298,s ca xiclopropan kh?
b/ Ho298 ca phn ng ng phn ho: (CH2)3(k)
CH2 = CH CH3(k)
p s:
a. Ho298,s = 53,319 kJ.mol-1
b. Ho298 = -32,905 kJ
3. Tnh Ho ca phn ng sau 1500K?
Cgr + O2(k) = CO2(k)
Cho bit :
Ho298,s (kJ.mol-1)

Cpo (J.K-1.mol-1)

Cgr

8,64

O2(k)

29,36

CO2(k)

- 393,51
p s:

37,13
Ho1500K = -394,556 kJ

4. 25oC v p sut 101,325kPa, entanpi to thnh ca axtnitryl CH 3CN trng thi kh

bng 88,0 kJ.mol-1. Tnh nng lng to lin kt C N trong phn t ny t cc nguyn t?
Bit rng nng lng to thnh cc lin kt C H v C C ln lt bng -413 kJ.mol-1 v -348
kJ.mol-1 v:
Cgraphit
Chi
Hothng hoa = 718,4 kJ.mol-1
H(k)

1
2

2N(k)

N2(k)

Ho = -218,0 kJ

H2(k)

Ho = -946,0 kJ.mol-1
p s:

5. Tnh nhit ngn la CO chy trong hai trng hp sau:

a/ Chy trong oxy tinh khit.
b/ Chy trong khng kh (20% O2 v 80% N2 theo th tch)
Bit lng oxy va cho phn ng sau:
CO(k) +

1
2

O2(k)

CO2(k)

Ho298 = -283 kJ

Gi thit ban u 25oC nhit dung mol ca cc cht nh sau:

4

-888,8 kJ.mol-1

B mn Ho V c i cng
o

5:51:53 O1/p11/9/2012
-2

-1

-1

Cp (CO2,k) = 30,5 + 2.10 .T J.K .mol

Cpo(N2,k) = 27,2 + 4,2.10-3.T J.K-1.mol-1
p s:

a. T 4098 K
b. T 2555 K

CHNG II: P DNG NGUYN L TH HAI

CA NHIT NG HC VO HO HC.
CHIU V GII HN T DIN BIN CA QU TRNH

1. Tnh s bin i entrpi ca qu trnh dn n kh Agon ban u 25oC v p sut p = 1atm

ng trong bnh 500 cm3 ti th tch 1000 cm3 v nhit 100oC? Cho bit nhit dung mol
ng tch ca Agon bng 12,48J.K-1.mol-1.
p s: S = 0,1753 J/K
2.
Trn ln n1 mol kh A vi n2 mol kh B, cho bit lc ban u nhit v p sut ca hai
kh l nh nhau v chng u l cc kh l tng.
a- Tnh s bin i entrpi ca qu trnh trn ln trn.
b- p dng c th A: H2 n1 = 1mol
B : N2 n2 = 1mol
c- Ging nh cu hi (a) nhng A v B l cng mt kh.
d- Tnh bin thin entanpi t do qu trnh trn ln trn.
p s:
a. S = -R(n1lnNA + n2lnNB)
b. S = 11,523 J/K
c. S = 0
d. G = RT(n1lnNA + n2lnNB)
3. Tnh bin thin entanpi t do ca qu trnh ng c ca 1mol nc lng -10oC? Cho bit
-10oC p sut ca hi nc bo ho l 2,149 mm Hg v ca nc l 1,950 mm Hg.
p s:
-212,48 J.mol-1
4. S xy ho Glucza thnh CO2 v H2O 25oC theo phn ng
C6H12O6 + 6O2
6CO2 + 6H2O
Php o nhit lng k thu c U = -2810 KJ.mol-1 v S = 182,4 J.K-1.mol-1. Phn no
ca nng lng ny c th khai thc di dng nhit v phn no di dng cng?
p s: Qv = U = -2810 KJ.mol-1
Wmax =-2864,35 kJ.mol-1
a- Tnh Ho v Go ca phn ng sau 298K?
CO(k) + H2O(h)
CO2(k) + H2(k)
b- Tm phng trnh biu th s ph thuc ca HoT v GoT ca phn ng trn vo
nhit ?
Gi tr ca Ho298,s , Go298,s v Cop ca cc cht ly t bng 1 (cui sch).
p s:
a. Ho298 = -41,16 kJ
Go298 = -28,52 kJ
GoT = -42128,5 + 64,187T 3,25T.lnT (J)
b. HoT = -42128,5 + 3,25T (J)
5.

3.

B mn Ho V c i cng

5:51:53 O1/p11/9/2012

CHNG III: CN BNG HO HC

1.
CuSO4 . 5(H2O)tt
CuSO4 . 3(H2O)tt + 2H2Oh
o
-4
25 C c hng s cn bng Kp = 1,086.10 . Bit p sut hi bo ha ca hi nc trong khng
kh 25oC l 3,13.10-2atm. Hi CuSO4.3H2Ott c phi l cht ht m khng? Ti sao?
p s:
CuSO4 . 3(H2O)tt l cht ht m
2. Khi nung NH4Cl xy ra phn ng NH4Cl(tt) NH3(k) + HCl(k) 427oC, p sut hi ca n
bng 4560mmHg. 459oC p sut hi tng ln ti 8360mmHg.
Tnh:
a- Hng s cn bng Kp
b- S bin thin entanpi t do chun Go
c- S bin i entanpi chun Ho
d- S bin i entrpi t do chun So
ca phn ng nhit phn NH4Cl 427oC? Gi s hi tun theo tnh cht kh l tng.
p s:
a. Kp(700) = 9
b. Go700 = -12,7874 kJ.mol-1
c. Ho = 161,387 kJ.mol-1
d. Go700 = 249 J.mol-1
a- Tnh phn ly ca amnic thnh nit v hyr 2000C di p sut tng cng lc
cn bng l 1atm v 0,8 atm?
Cho bit s bin i entanpi t do chun ca phn ng
NH3(k)
1/2 N2 (k) + 3/2 H2(k)
o
G T = 43513,6 - 29,706T. lgT - 15,86T (J.mol-1)
b- Kt qu ny c ph hp vi nguyn l Le Chtelier khng? Ti sao?
c- Cng bi ton trn nhng p sut ban u l 1atm v 0,8 atm?
p s:
a. 73,09% v 76,75%
c. 64% v 67,87%
4.

a- Tnh hng s cn bng 298K ca phn ng:

CO(k) + H2O(h)
CO2(k) + H2(k)
b- Tm phng trnh biu th s ph thuc ca KP vo nhit T?
c- Tnh nng cc cht lc cn bng 298 K v 1000 K nu nng ban u ca (CO)
= 1 mol.l-1 v ca (H2O) = 6 mol.l-1? Kt qu tnh ton ny c ph hp vi nguyn l Le
Chtelier khng? Ti sao?
Cc s liu nhit ng ly ph lc 1.
p s:
a. Kp = 99834,58
b. lnKp = -7,72 +

5067 ,17
T

+ 0,39lnT

c. 298K : [CO] = 2.10-6M

[H2O] = 5 M
[CO2] = [H2] 1M
1000K : [CO] = 0,1386 M
[H2O] = 5,1386 M
[CO2] = [H2] = 0,8614 M
6

B mn Ho V c i cng

5:51:53 O1/p11/9/2012

5. Cho SO2 phn ng vi O2 khng kh 700 K c mt cht xc tc to thnh SO3 theo phn
ng:
2SO2(k) + O2(k)
2SO3(k)
Khi cn bng p sut 1atm thu c hn hp kh cha 0,21 mol SO2; 5,37 mol O2; 10,30 mol
SO3 v 84,12 mol N2.
Tnh: a. Hng s cn bng Kp 700K.
b. Thnh phn ban u ca hn hp kh.
c. T l chuyn ho SO2 thnh SO3.
d. Nu trong hn hp ban u khng c N2, cn s mol SO2 v O2 vn gi nguyn nh c
th t l chuyn ho l bao nhiu? p sut ca h khi cn bng vn gi l 1 atm.
p s:
a. Kp = 4,48.104
b. n SO = 10,51 mol
n O = 10,52 mol
n N = 84,12 mol
c. = 98%
d. = 99,2%
6. Cho cc phn ng:
2H2(k) + CH3COOH(k) 2CH3OH(k) lgK p = 5,43 3149.T-1
CH3OH(k) + CO(k) CH3COOH(k) lgK p = 6,61 1835.T-1
a. Tm phng trnh lgK p = f(T) v Go(3) = f(T) ca phn ng:
CO(k) + 2H2(k) CH3OH(k) (3)
o
b. Xc nh H , So ca phn ng (3) (nu coi chng khng i theo nhit )
p s:
a. lgKp = 12,04 4984.T-1
GoT = 95429 230,53.T (J)
b. Ho = 95429 (J); So = 230,53 (J.K-1)
2

CHNG IV: CN BNG PHA. H MT CU T.

1. C bao nhiu pha trong cc trng hp sau:

a. Trong mt bnh h cha mt na nc lng, na cn li l khng kh bo ho hi nc?
b. Trong mt bnh dung tch 1 lt cha 2g nc, khng c khng kh nhit 1000C, p = 1 atm?
c. Trong hn hp du v nc phn tn di dng nh tng?
2. C bao nhiu bc t do trong mi h sau v hy cho bit cc thng s trng thi no c th
din gii cc bc t do ny:
a. Nc lng v hi nc nm cn bng vi nhau di p sut l 1 atm.
b. Nc lng v hi nc nm cn bng vi nhau.
c. I2 phn b gia nc lng v benzen lng di p sut l 1 atm v khng c mt I2 rn.
d. CaCO3 rn nm cn bng vi CaO rn v CO2.
3. Di p sut 1 atm, nc si 1000C. Hi di p sut 1,95 atm nc si nhit no?
Cho bit 1000C Hbh ca nc bng 40,66 kJ.mol-1?
p s:
119,71oC
4. a- Xc nh gi tr ca Go v KP 298 K ca phn ng:
1/2N2 (k) + 3/2H2(k)
NH3(k)
7

B mn Ho V c i cng

5:51:53 O1/p11/9/2012

b- Thit lp biu thc s ph thuc ca KP vo T? Tnh gi tr ca KP 773 K?

c- Hy chng minh rng hiu sut ca phn ng c ln nht phi trn N2 vi H2 theo t
l 1: 3?
d-Tm iu kin hiu sut ca phn ng ln 773 K.
e- Tnh p sut ring phn ca NH3 nu duy tr p sut tng cng bng 50 atm v 100 atm v
cc cht phn ng ly theo t l N2: H2 = 1: 3 theo s mol.
Gi tr ca Ho298,s , So298,s v CoP ca cc cht ly trong bng 1 (cui sch)
p s: a. Go298 = -16,63 kJ; Kp = 822,39
b. lnKp = 5,919 +

4761 ,4
T

- 2,66lnT

Kp(773) = 3,65.10-3
d. Tng p sut
e. P = 50 atm; PNH3 = 2,655 atm
P = 100 atm; PNH3 = 8,09 atm
5. a- Tm iu kin tng hp cacbon oxyt CO t graphit v oxi? Bit rng khi t chy
graphit c th xy ra ng thi bn phn ng:
(1)
C(gr) + O2(k)
CO2
G0T = -394132,8 - 0,8368T (J.mol-1)
(2)
C(gr) + CO2(k)
2CO(k)
(3)
C(gr) + 1/2O2(k)
CO(k) G0T = -111.712,8 - 87,6548T (J.mol-1)
(4)
2CO(k) + O2(k)
2CO2(k)
b- Tnh thnh phn phn trm theo p sut ca CO v CO2 trong hn hp cn bng di
p sut tng cng l 1 atm v 800, 900 v 10000C?
c- Cng cu hi trn nhng p sut tng cng l 0,5atm? Kt qu tnh ton ny c ph
hp vi nguyn l Le Chtelier khng? Ti sao?
p s: a. Thiu khng kh hoc oxi hn ch phn
ng chy ca CO, T > 978K, P thp
b. 1073K: 87,86% CO v 12,14% CO2
1173K: 97,1% CO v 2,9% CO2
1273K: 99,23% CO v 0,77% CO2
c. 1073K: 93,17% CO v 6,83% CO2
1173K: 98,51% CO v 1,49% CO2
1273K: 99,61% CO v 0,39% CO2
6. Bng thc nghim, ngi ta xc nh mt hn hp kh gm 1,95% CO v 98,05% CO2
(theo th tch) nm cn bng vi Niken v oxit ca n trng thi rn v nguyn cht di p
sut 1atm v 1500oC.
Tnh p sut ring phn ca oxi nm cn bng vi Niken v oxit nguyn cht ca n v
entanpi t do to thnh chun ca NiO nhit ny ch da vo cc d kin sau:
Cgr +

1
2

O2(k)

Cgr + O2(k)

CO(k)
CO2(k)

GoT = -111712,8 87,6548T (J)

GoT = -394132,8 0,8368T (J)
p s:
PO = 6,78.10-5 atm
Go1773K = -70742,722 J.mol-1
2

CHNG V + VI: DUNG DCH - DUNG DCH IN LY

B mn Ho V c i cng

5:51:53 O1/p11/9/2012

1. Dung dch ng v dung dch Na2SO4 cha s mol ca cht ho tan c trong mt lng
nc bng nhau. cng mt nhit , p sut hi bo ho ca hai dung dch c bng nhau
khng? Ti sao?
2. C hai dung dch cha mt lng nc bng nhau. Dung dch th nht cha 0,5mol ng,
dung dch th hai cha 0,2 mol CaCl2. Hai dung dch ny ng c cng mt nhit . Xc
nh in ly biu kin ca CaCl2 trong dung dch ny?
p s:
75%
o
3. 50 C p sut ca hi nc bo ho bng 92,51 mm Hg. Tnh p sut hi bo ho ca dung dch
cha 1 mol NaCl trong 1000g nc, nu in ly biu kin ca NaCl trong dung ny bng 70%.
p s:
89,68 mmHg
4. Trong dung dich nng 0,1M, in ly ca axit axtic bng 1,32%. nng no ca
dung dch in ly ca n bng 90%?
p s:
2,179.10-6 M
5. Tnh nng ion H3O+ v pH ca cc dung dch sau:
a. HNO3 0,1M; 10-8M?
b. KOH 0,2M; 10-8M?
c. NaCH3COO 0,1M?
d. NH4Cl 0,1M?
e. NH4CH3COO 0,1M; 0,01M?
f. NaHCO3 0,1M?
Cho bit Ka (CH3COOH) = 1,75. 10-5, Ka(NH4+) = 5,6.10-10 v hng s in ly ca axit H2CO3
l K1 v K2 ln lt bng 4,31.10-7 v 5,61.10-11.
p s:
a. 1; 6,98 b. 13,3; 7,02;
c. 8,88
d. 5,12;
e. 7;
f. 8,31
6. Chng minh rng dung dch long cha hn hp cng s mol ca NH 4Cl v NH3 l dung
dch m, pH ca n khng bin i khi pha long. pH ca dung dch ny l 9,25, tnh Kb ca
NH3.
p s:
pH = 14 + lgKb
Kb = 1,78.10-5
7. ho tan ca PbI2 180C bng 1,5.10-3 mol.l-1. Tnh:
a. Nng ca ion Pb2+ v I- trong dung dch bo ho PbI2 180C?
b. Tch s ho tan ca PbI2 180C?
c. Khi thm KI vo th ho tan ca PbI2 tng hay gim? Ti sao?
d. Mun gim ho tan ca PbI2 i 15 ln th phi thm bao nhiu mol KI vo trong 1lt dung
dch bo ho PbI2?
p s:
a. [Pb2+] = 1,5.10-3M v [I-] = 3.10-3 M
b. TPbI2 = 1,35.10-8
d. 1,14.10-2mol/lt
8. ho tan ca canxi oxalat CaC2O4 trong dung dch amn oxalat (NH4)2C2O4 0,05M s nh
hn trong nc nguyn cht bao nhiu ln nu in ly biu kin ca amn oxalat bng 70%
v tch s ho tan ca canxi oxalat bng 3,8.10-9?
p s:
570 ln
9

B mn Ho V c i cng

5:51:53 O1/p11/9/2012

9. Tnh xem pH no ca dung dch FeCl 3 0,1M bt u kt ta Fe(OH)3? Cho bit tch s
ho tan ca Fe(OH)3 bng 3,8.10-38.
p s:
1,86
CHNG VII: NG HO HC

1) 150oC mt phn ng kt thc trong 16 pht. Tnh xem 2000C v 800C phn ng ny kt
thc trong bao lu? Cho bit h s nhit ca phn ng bng 2,5.
p s:
0,16 pht v 162,76 gi
2) Mt phn ng tin hnh vi vn tc v 20oC. Hi phi tng nhit ln ti bao nhiu
vn tc ca phn ng tng ln 1024 ln? Cho bit h s nhit ca phn ng bng 2.
p s:
120oC
3) Phn ng ho hc lm cho sa chua c nng lng hot ho bng 43,05 kJ.mol-1. Hy so
snh tc ca phn ng ny 30oC v 5oC.
p s:
4,649 ln
4) Phn ng phn hu H2O2 l phn ng bc nht. Nng lng hot ho Ea ca n bng 75,312
kJ.mol-1. Khi c mt men xc tc c trong vt thng, nng lng hot ho ca n ch cn l
8,368 kJ.mol-1. Tnh xem 200C khi c mt men xc tc vn tc ca phn ng tng ln bao
nhiu so vi khi khng c xc tc?
p s:
8,61.1011 ln
5) Nghin cu s thu phn ca mt este tan trong nc:
R COOR
+
NaOH
R COONa + ROH
Ngi ta thy:
- Nu tng nng ca NaOH ln hai ln th vn tc ban u ca phn ng s tng ln gp i.
- Nu tng nng ca este ln hai ln ta cng c kt qu nh vy.
a. Xc nh bc ca phn ng v dng ca phng trnh ng hc.
b. Ngi ta cho 0,01mol NaOH v 0,01mol este vo 1lt nc (th tch khng thay i). Sau
200 pht 3/5 este b thu phn.
Tnh: - Hng s vn tc ca phn ng
- Thi gian 99% este b thu phn.
p s:
k = 0,75mol-1.l.ph-1
t = 13200 pht
6) Mt cht phng x c chu k bn hu t 1/2 = 30 nm. Hi trong bao nhiu nm 99,9% s
nguyn t ca cht b phn hu phng x?
p s: 298,96 nm
7) Ccbon 14 phn r phng x theo phn ng sau:
14
6

C01 e +147 N

Chu k bn phn hu ca n t1/2 = 5730 nm. Xc nh nin i ca mt xc p c c

phng x 2,5 nguyn t phn r trong 1 pht tnh cho 1g C. Bit rng cc vt sng phng
x l 15,3 nguyn t phn r trong mt pht tnh cho 1g C.
p s:
14975,5 nm
8.
2NO(k) + Cl2(k) 2NOCl(k)
Bng thc nghim xc nh c phng trnh dng hc: v = k.[NO]2.[Cl2]
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5:51:53 O1/p11/9/2012

Chng minh rng c ch phn ng nh sau ph hp vi phng trnh ng hc trn

2NO(k) N2O2(k)
N2O2(k) + Cl2(k) 2NOCl(k)
9.
CH3CHO(k) CH4(k) + CO(k) xy ra 477oC
Lc u ch c CH3CHO(k). p sut tng cng o c thi gian nh sau:
t (pht)
0
8,6
19,7
P (mmHg)
212,5
233,7
255,0
Chng minh phn ng trn l bc 1 v tnh hng s vn tc k ca phn ng.
p s:
1,13.10-2 pht-1.

33,9
276

CHNG VIII: CC QU TRNH IN HO

1. Mt pin gm mt in cc bc nhng vo dung dch AgNO3 1M v mt in cc ng

nhng vo dung dch Cu(NO3)2 1M. Vit k hiu ca pin trn? Cho bit S = -0,462 V. Vit
phng trnh ca phn ng xy ra khi pin lm vic? Cho
0,337V

Ag+/Ag

= 0,799V;

o 2+
Cu /Cu

2. Mt pin gm mt in cc hir tiu chun (ghi bn tri) v mt in cc Niken nhng vo

dung dch NiSO4 0,01M c sut in ng l -0,309V.Tnh th kh chun ca Niken?
p s:
-0,25V
3. xc nh hng s in ly ca axit axtic ngi ta thit lp pin
Pt (H2) | H3O+ 1M || CH3COOH 0,01M | (H2) Pt
PH = 1 atm
Sut in ng ca pin ny bng - 0,1998V ( 250C).
Tnh hng s in ly ca axit axtic?
p s:
1,76.10-5
2

4. Cho 1 pin: Ag | ddAg2SO4 bo ho || AgNO3 2M | Ag.

25oC pin c sut in ng bng 0,109V. Tnh tch s tan ca Ag2SO4 .
p s:
1,1453.10-5
5. Tch s ho tan ca AgI bng 10-16. Cho oAg+/Ag = 0,799V
a. Tnh th kh ca in cc bc nhng vo dung dch bo ho AgI?
b. Bc c th y c H2 ra khi dung dch HI 1M v HI 10-2M khng?
p s: a. 0,327V
b. HI 1M: y c v
0,00V

Ag+/Ag

= -0,145V <

HI 10-2M khng y c v
6. Cho

Fe2+/Fe

= - 0,44V v

Fe3+/Fe2+

Ag+/Ag

= -0,027V >

= + 0,771V

a. Tnh oFe3+/Fe
b. Tnh hng s cn bng ca phn ng
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H3O+/H2

= -0,118V

o
H3O+/H2

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5:51:54 O1/p11/9/2012
2+

2Fe .aq + Fer

3Fe .aq
T rt ra kt lun g v iu kin tng hp FeSO4.7H2O bng cch cho phoi bo st tc dng
vi H2SO4 long?
p s:
a. - 0,036V
b. K = 1,12.1041
7.
a. Cho bit oAg+/Ag = 0,8V v oFe3+/Fe2+ = +0,771V. Vit phng trnh ca cc phn ng
xy ra khi trn ln ba dung dch sau vi nhau:
- 25ml dung dch Fe(NO3)2 0,1M
- 25ml dung dch Fe(NO3)3 1M
- 50ml dung dch AgNO3 0,6M trong c th mt s mnh bc vn.
b. gi tr no ca t s Fe3+/Fe2+ phn ng bt u i chiu? (cc iu kin khc khng i)
p s:

b.

[ Fe 3+ ]
= 0,96
[Fe 2 + ]

8. Cho:
HClO + H3O+ + e = 1/2 Cl2(k) + 2H2O

= 1,63V

o
Cl2 (k) + 2e + aq = 2Cl- .aq
= 1,36V
Tnh hng s cn bng ca phn ng:
a. Cl2(k) + 2H2O
HClO + Cl- .aq + H3O+
b. Cl2.aq + 2H2O
HClO + Cl- .aq + H3O+
Cho bit

[Cl 2 .aq ]
PCl 2 ( k ) = 0,066

p s:

a. 2,653.10-5
b. 4,02.10-4

9. Cho oHg22+/Hg = 0,798V v oHg2+/Hg22+ = 0,91V; THgS = 4.10-53. Tnh hng s cn bng ca
cc phn ng:
a. Hg22+
Hg + Hg2+
b. Hg22+ + S2HgS + Hg
p s:
a. 1,26.10-2
b. 3,16.1050

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