°vé Ÿg É©Dg Ón Äójõæàdgh Á Éjhîdg Vhô© D É°Ü Nôj 1468 Íæ " Ziqééàdg (

VG dG N jdGh jhdG Vhd NJ 1468 zIQdG{
11
MCG
2012 SQe 4 aGG `g1433 dG HQ e 11

(646) OdG
Sunday 4 - March 2012
issue No (646)
dG H jFdG J
aG IO````LEd S````Hb
QGG GQe Yj z QOGdG e{

z jdG hDdG{`H Xe 700 `d bEGh
18 ........................
17 ........................
U 24
jDhQ .. IG
jdG FQ dG jG
:`fh``dG ``j`dG
FdG M
www.alroya.info
info@alroya.info
dGh ad jDhdG SDe Y QJ eT jObG ej

1^0214369
H
1^0185947
AGT
1^3795822 1^36136342
H
AGT
fdG Ih``dG `` jec eL

dG zSHb dG SGc{ IJSC
jDhdG - e
- SHb dG eLh ,jec eL e dH - dG dG IQGRh J
IhdG da Sh ,dG "SHb dG SGc" IJSC Ihf ,G af
.dG MU IM SGc e KG dG ,jec eH
,Fd ,dG dG IjRh jSdG OS H jhGQ IQcdG e bf bh
MU Sc PSCG S Sj QcdGh ,jec eL e j QG`H ,GNDe
H jec eH IUG HdG d G S H SHb dG dG
dG QhGh ,G ddG efHh ,Ihd dG JdGh GAG``LEG ,IG
.dG GQhCG e J
IJSCG dG Gh```dG S V fdG ``g Ih```dG qEG I``jR``dG e ``d``bh
kY kSc 16 EG dG gOGYCG Uh dGh ,dG MU I dG SGdG
;d aGG OhG fdG IhdG RhJ CG EG G S bh ,dG hO fl
dG eJ dG QG QhdH jdG dH fi ;jec eL d
SGQdG YO dG SGdG eSEGh QGhOCGh GgCG RGHEGh ,ffEG aG J
HdG adG H jdG dG QhO RG``HEG fL EG ,Jh dGh dG
.As H QM QGM EG k Uh dG H QG bdGh ,LCG adGh
19
0^1048247
H
0^1045438
AGT
0^1057286
H
0^1054366
AGT
0^10267212 0^1023836
H
AGT
MdG b jd JGSG VH Lj AGQRdG

aG dG Gd Le ebE OGYEG eG GMdG H hdEG HdG GSEG
eG J d eG GMdG H TG b `````Jh ``j````d `````JG```SG ```V``d e
fdG - e
eRdG G aJ e LdG jdG WGd Gd ING G``gCG EG Uh dG MdG
Y Y G aGh a QWEG Gg h ,dP d T N AGQR``dG YLG SCGh .dG J AG``LE` H MdG IQGRh ,AGQR`` `dG ```c
J LCG e eG AGOCGjJ dBH J Ihf G LJ e ,GQGdG e OY Y VG jGa LGJ dG HdG ``gCG Y ``b``dGh d eT
.eG hdEG HdG GN GSEH eG G IN ``` H `````H `````G `` Lh ``` c .``` a Q``` ` ` ` SG
02
`fhdEG cQG Qe ``Y 16 `cG dG
dG Y M dG FdG EG eG J d
H J dG CG ``cD`J `è````G J ``
hG G```d ``S```SCG ```Vh ```Y UM ```Y ``J ```H``K
H j e c d ,bh HK H dG WdG
dG GQdGh feEG e U VQCG Y Fb dP
. hG Gg J YJ
07
```MGe dG ``fb : z
{`d ```dG
Q``G ```dG ```N Q```dG i``Sh ``F``dG
eG eG J dG M ``dG
Gg eG J dG LdG SdGh fhdEG
ee JG d dG RGMEG Y KCG e gh ,G
cG dG M c ,2010 Y Y aCd Gce 18
. jdG f HY SOdG
dG FdG jRdG S H S QcdG bh
fdG e
cQG Q```è k` ` ``Y16 ` ` dG ``c``G ```````dG ````M

dGh fhdEG eG jJ ``dPh , fhdEG
"Qd ```fh```dEG eG" QT ```dG G``g j
QdH jdG fh. 2012 d IG CG Y QOdG
b``````Y ``S 4 A```H :z

{`d ``````dG jRh
````````dG hO EG j``````G `````jc j``d
fG OY - jDhdG
fdG S - jDhdG
dG TGQ /jJ
dG ``jRh `````dG S ``H S ``H ```fi dG ``è c

ij CG bG `èh FdG MGe dG fb CG Y YLG
IQGRdG qEG "jDhdG" e QG``M de ``bh .Q``G dG ``N QdG
eGH G``bG BG ```jh ,dG ```H Md JGOGSG UGJ
q ``b ``fq CG ke ,````MG dah
G dG `è O``Y J
fj jH Qj CG Q```G `èh ,dG ``Y WdG jdG OG``YE
bJG O```H H Y dG CG dG ``cPh .G
G bh eSEG jd OdG g d f JCJ dhdG
e 14 IOG Y dG CG EG dG Gg Ge ,dG
VhCGh .eSEG jdG MCG e VQd dhdG dG bJG
gh ,fjO QNG jG dG qCG Y J IOG CG de
;AHBG gOj dG fjO qCH jdG J M ,jdG e aj e
.jdGh Ia Y dj dG qC
03
jRh dG fi H MCG.O e cCG

G Qh``dG Y "jDhdG"`d ````JGh dG
jJ ,``j``G jd `à cT h
HPL c ``` dG hO ````fl dG
cT SG fCT e fCG c ,GQSd
TJ M Y de ch . iNCG Y
1,36 H eCG YdG q a cT
dPh ,``Y`````dG Q````òU A```è QhO Q```è
9 EG edG LfEG bW Uh e keGJ
fdG cdG CG , kjS e W je
dG `` G ````d `````V ````S 4 A````H ``` J
.dG hO EG hG QS
05
e S TfG d ..dhCG GQGUEGh zjOdG{ J : zjDhdG Ihf {

fdG S - fdG Ija - jDhdG
J dG j ..e S" jDhdG Ihf cQG iCGQ
LJ dH HjEG jObG VhCG CG "dG
Y ``KD`J dG eGdG R``HCG Ve ,QSG ```MCG ``
dG FGdG Y dG ch ,dG QSG GQe
QhO H cQG dWh . `èC`G iH AGOCG J hO
Y ,dG ddG e je d ``cCG H YdG jOU
SCGQ IOjRh ,jG QfCG L Y J IjL afi OjEG
IQGOEG ``j`` EG `à```VEG ,``jQ e 500 EG RG``` dG hU `è
. edH eM EG hdG
dG YdG GWCG H QGG J EG cQG YOh
d ,WSdG cTh gG cdGh G S g a
dhCG GQGUEG NCJ CG jcDe .d G eGY IOjR c
hG ```j M ,hG``` dG ```MC`H J b `è ````YCG ```dG
Y G bG Hcd G`` eCG V QfG dH
S KCd VY cCG UCG dG CG EG GhQTCGh .jdG iG
.b P Y dG eGdH
22^23
e "edG" EG IOd j JH
ShdG SFdG HfG fG
cdG -Se
e edG EG IOd JH Oa ShdG AGQRdG FQ j
LMG cM UGJ a ,dG OdG SFdG HfG fG
ae O M e JH N VLEG dhfi be Z
eCG GjdGh JdG `è AG``LCG ```Shh .Shd ``G FdG
,Od jL FQ f ```ShQ je 110 f Lj ,IdG
WTh ```L ``dCG 450 ````f ``` fq EG ````Sh``dG ````NG``dG IQGRh ``d``bh
-QjEG" A```fCG ``d``ch fh .``H````fG ``d``L ``N NdG j
q IdG G G``bG cGe qEG db IQGR``dG Y ShdG "SJ
.fi HgQEG g bh e LCG e OG c ILCH gjhJ

ffEH q e IjL Gec NG fq EG HfG dG dbh
Rah jdG Y ITe S M ,QhO e 435 b J
.HfG ``jh``J e H ``dPh G``bG ce ``dCG 96 G``` UCG
JH Ra jGa jf f dG INCG CGdG YSG LJh
q
.GUC
G
e
H
S
GH
GbG
e
hC
G
IQhdG
14
jd e a be TJ
IQ````Mh k ````````jQJ U```dH
fdG - e
OS dG e jYQ bCG
`` dh`` dG `` ` `jRh ``` ` ` S``` dG `` ` g `` H
M `` ` ` eCG ``` ` U ``` ` ` e `` a`` fih
T e afi be TJ
GjH "ffG" ```dh``dG `è````G
S dG IOS QH aG Y
afi ``F``f `````S```dG ``` gG``HEG ``H
aG Qe dG IOSh e
e afi Ih IOdG UCGh
Uf `` ` `dCGh .``` a``` ``H ``dhD` ` ` Gh
J I`` FGO ``j`è ````g``dG G```Y ``H
be CG ```à `` ` `VhCG ````c `è``` ` G
dG UH q j e afi
.IQMh kjQJ
16
dOEG ````fG GdhM j`````L 47 GYEG :jQ````S
{ ``d j dG
cdG `` UGY
jQS T 50 f e fEG jQdG dG YCG
dG QdGHCG Qe fG G``dh``M jL 47 H ,``èCG
IH L eH aCG c ,eGYEG a ,OdG T bGdG ,dOEG
je b jQdG GdG EG KZEG Xeh Tf ``bh .dG
dG H J jdG fG EG GYG Uh eh eCG M
O A``L .VQd HdG G O``bh hCG ```W hO ```H```SCG I``Y
H IG Cd dG eCG YEG e j H eG GdG g
H jQdG eG Gb b Y "Yhe jQJ" J fCG e c
jQdG dG ``d``bh .M je Sd ``j```Jh Sh G`` YEG
fG dG ,hY Hd Qh M EG IQTEG VQG fEG
fEG dG e T f H VG SCG G QdG G e
dBG SCG G``fh JQG FGb SCG G``b WCG efG J
fCG EG H dG QTCGh ,HL Y eCG U e e 500 QY
.JG HU H jV S Y jQa jQJ OJ
15
AGb dj ,dG OY e GQk YG

jdG JdG e jDhdG
.`` `` ` ` ` ` ` dG `` `` ` ` ` Y /h`` ` ` `` ` ` ` G
edG Je JdG Sh
FdG HSCH jdG fl EG
.G MWh
dG jDhdG
2012 SQe 4 aGG `g1433 dG HQ e 11 MG
MdG b Jh jd JGSG
WGd eG J d eG GMdG H hdEG HdG GSEH Lj AGQRdG

eG J LCG e eG AGOCGjJ dBH J Ihf Y Y aGG
dG afi fl dG Gd Le ebE OGYEG
k dG GdG FH LQG aCG M
jMh d jJ OGYE G
d eBG GSG aK Yd jQhG edG He YdG L cQe gCG Y cCdG
gGh dG d dG G LGe Ud IG GAGLEG PJH edG idG IQGRh J
QG EG gjJh fG GhdG e S IMGh eM cT AfEG
G eN Y gYJ dG WCG jh gCG G QhO J
jQH zSj cEG{ dG d WdG dG MG cQd SdG dG ah J
gCG G
G Qh`` `H `è``` G `` e `` f`` EGh
eb dh G `è``N ````gCG
G G Lh a .H G QhdH
fl `` e ``` V``G G`` g ``````H ``` ` ` G
e fCH VGdG ``WG jh fGL
gDhfEG Qj dG G Yj CG LCG
.JdhD VG G Gh
GhdG Y aG gCG e bfGh
aG dG ``j```Jh dG fG
e Y ja G T a .fCG e
eM ``c```T ```b jd G ```G
e fG Gh``dG e SH I``MGh
gjJ ``K dG ``è```dG ``c````dG
N `è dG j CG jT Q``G EG
.fY bf
`` ` dG G`` ` ` G ``` Y ``` ` ` G `` ` `WGh
e FG ``YGQR f h```è ``gR`ÈG
a zdG{ e G WdG afi
H G jQGRdG dG Lh M ;QX
e `è ``W````dG S ```SQG``H h````G
.G MG
Y ``` a``` G G h``` ` G G`` g `` ` jh
``` d``` ` ` SG ``` ` Mh `` ` `YGQ`` dG `` `` ` VGQG
eG O``` L `` YO ```Y ``Y````J ```Ù``fi
fL G WGd ``FG```dG `èG ad
eGSG ``N `è ```G SG TJ
adG EG aVEG ,Se Ufi f
e H jG dG f GSG Y dG
.dG dG SCG
Ea ,G WdG dG QWEG h
gCH dhdG SDG c Tj AGQR``dG
dhd ```S```SCG ````dG A``L `` G``` dG
YGdGh ,IadG fGdGh jdG Lh
fGh ,dG G IFdG GYGh
b ````G ``H ```````dGh h``` ` dG ``` ` SCG
Y G cDjh .dG dd eN Yh
aOdG YdG JH G hJ IQhV
Ie I JJ WGG YJ dG
g ```c ```Y```dG ``J```g```è `è R```J ````c
.zAdGh QdG Ie e Oe
VhCG e Sj e c dP dG YGQ
SDG ``` J ``` SQG``dG ``L``` ` MGh
.jQdGh dG
PJ edG idG IQGRh G ch
dG ``` ` U``` dG ````d I``` ` G GAG`` ` `LG
J d hdG aG J Y YJ
.a SQGdG h dG
ad dGh FdG QhdH fGh
gCG e bfGh YGQdG fG YO
G ``Lh a .bGe jMh J
LQG aG L H G G
jJ OGY G ;dG GdG FH
J Gf jMh ,J j
Gg G`` J ````jQ``J ``` ` gCG `è `` àG
.jdG dG
MdG jJ
dH ````dG ``` ` gG `è ``` UG``Jh
GYGh Yb QYH dG MdG
YOh ``N``dG QO```è ``j```J ````Y ```j
e jG aJh ObG dG e
SQGJ a ,WGd dG Ua
I edG LdG Y AH AGQRdG
S H SHb dG dG MU
J ``F```Sh - ``YQh G M - G
dhdG YCG dG jdG AL e
c M MdG b QSG M
eT J AGLH MdG IQGRh G
dG HdG ``gCG Y ``b``dGh d
.a QSG LGJ
IN ``` H ``` ` ` H ``` ` ` G `` ` Lh ``` c
jd ``` ` ` JG``` SG ``` V``d ``````è
Uh dG MdG b Jh
.dG Gd ING GgG G
H NJ dG KGdG eG AV h
MdG dG jJ gQhOh dG
a dGh G jG Y ```Gh
dG G ```G AGQR`` dG c
dG Gd Le ebE OGYEH
H ;hdH dG afi fl
ObG OhO`` ` `c O``` ` ` e ``g `è ````
.Kh YLGh
OdG Gg h .dG FShh d eG

dG OG````d dG SCG G ```j
jh O``` dG ``jh``G ``c``G ``g`````J
Y XM dG ``YG``b I``YG`è H
dG VQG g Y LGj e c GhQCG
.QGhRh Wbh WGe e
aG dG cQe J QWEG h
dG `àh G T ``à ,``` dh``dG
WdG dG MG cQd SdG
2012 j cG Ve dG d
G QH c .HG jQc jQH
G `` jQGR`` dG `````dG ``` dG ```Ù``J `è
dG cQe ``M JGQJ Vd
je ebG QG 2015 cG Ve
.djG jQH fe
YdG ```````dG ``cQ```è ````M ```d
fG HjG Ff dhdG VQG
e dGh ObG hdG Y gQKG
eGh d jhdG dch dG hO
fdG cdG b e LfEG j dGh
dG G```SCG H jdG j ``
.jjdG JGQb e ajh
dG A``` ` ` ` SG ``` Y ``` ` ` G `` ` àGhh
fb ``` MCG H `è ```f````dG ```` hG
.VjdG G edG UG dG
OG dG aSG ``Mh
IQGRh G c O`` JhG Vjd h``dG
G `è dH ````V``j``dG hD` ` ` dG
dd `èR``dG ``````G ``` SGQ``d `````G
PJ G Y dG UJ e VYh
;CdG G``g G```N `è Se G``j `è
YdG e jG AY eG e S
.G dG Gd dGh
dG dG YO
ac ``` d``J ``` Y `` U`` G `` ` LCG `` èh
CG ```fC``T `è ``` dG ``b``` Gh ``H`````dG
jQdGh dG dG Qe Y ``KD`J
dG ```Ù```dG G Q`` H ``à ,````G
LGe H G dG dG UJ
gGh dG d ```d``G G
M gjJ ``LCG e ;eG ``cG``Gh
fdG - e
CH fH ,``èCG ,AGQR``dG Q``ÙCG
;VG jGa T N JYLG Ff
M GQG```dG e OY EG G UJh
.G jdG YVG e jdG
:dG f j ah
Y ``` ` J `` `dG ``` ` dG `` e ``` UG``J{
edG LdH GO```T```SGh eG
SHb dG ``d``G MU I
a -`` YQh G M - G S ``H
EG jGa T N AGQRdG UJ
LQG YVG ``M GQG```dG e O``Y
:dc gh ..d
jd `` dh`` ` ` G O``` ` ` d G``` ` `
jJh ``` WG``` ` d `` e`` ` G `` è`` `G
G `` `Lh ``` a ,`` `` ` JGAG`` `LEG ``` ` ` ` Jh
GN G`` ` `SE`` H ``` e``` G `` ` `G
GMdG ``H ```T```G h`` ` `dEG ``H``dG
`` è`` `G `` `` ` J ``` ` ` ` ` d `` ` è`` ` `G
aJ `è ,``L```dG ``j```dG ```WG````d
Gg h .`` dP d `èR``dG ``````G
J Ihf Y Y G aGh a QWEG
J LCG e eG AGOCGjJ dBH
.eG
e hdH AJQG Y UG QWEG h
UGd YO MQCG aBG EG Y
M iDh``dG O```J ``N `è G ``H
dG ddG J dG Q`èG e jdG
e ``F``` f ``` Y AGQR`` ` `dG ```` ``` WG ``` a
dG dG ``Y````LG ```dEG N
iQdGh dhdG e e jQGRdG
dG MJQG Y AGQR``dG Y M
OdG Gg dEG UdG dG Fd
.OG hd J
QhG YdG
aK ````f ``` Y ````d``H `````j ``` ` ah
.jQhG edH j `è ``M ``Y``dG
L cQe gCG Y G ``cCG a
He ``Ù``Gh eG ``Y````dG
GSG aK Yd jQhG edG
faCGh dGh jdGh GQeEG AGS j dG G jRh

jDhdG - e
GQeEG S dSG id dG
jdG S jh..
Uf G ````Y IO``` ` S ``` d``` e
faCG jQL S AV
,dG i``d G eSEG
VGSG `` ` H`` ` G `` ` N h
HJ `` ` dG ``` F``` ` dG `` b`` ` `dG
faCG ``jQ``` ` Lh ```````dG
gjJh jdG eSEG
dG fL EG ,G L
gG GP fGG e OY EG
.G
.G gG GP YVG
.L IO``` ` S ```d``è ``````SGh
jQL ``` ` S `` `c`` è .`` ` ` SEG
h ,dG i``d G dG
bdG VGSG HG ``N
dG `` H`` J `` ` dG ``` F``` ` dG
Hh ,jdG dG jQLh
,G L gjJ S
GP Q`` eCG `è O``Y ```H ```c
SG ``` c .``` ` G ``` ` gG
dU ```fi IO````S ,``` eCG ```Ù

jdG S Y dG
OJ h ;dG i``d G
bdG h```Jh ``jO``dG ``jO``MCG
jdG HJ dG dG FdG
Sh IUCG fl dG
cG dG j gjJ
jh ,jdG h d
,dG ``` ` ` ` dG `` ` ` ` J
e O`` Y EG ``` ` dG ``f``L EG
Y e d ;dhDG
.dG gb dG IdG
`` ` è `` ` `` `T ,`` ` ` ` `f`` ` L `` ` ` èh
Y ``` ` ` dG IO``` ` S hCG ``j``` dG
e `` e ``` d ``` d``H `` ` dG O`` ` `G
dG `` b`` ` dG ``` W``J ``fC` ` T
;dG ``j``` ` dG ``` ``` dG
e dGh adG d ke
e SG c .`èO```dG Y
,dG G jRh hCG jdG
hCG `` j`` ` dG `` ` è ``` ` ` ` SG

`` ` ` ` dG `` ` `fi `` ` H `` ` `` `` `S
, ,``````dG ````G `` jRh
Y ``` fi IO``` ` S ,`` ` èCG ``` ` U
dhO S dG MdGY
G I````G ```H```dG GQ`` èEG
AfG ````S``` ;```````dG i`` d
id O`` ` d `````c ````Y I`` a
OJ HG N h ,dG
VGSGh ,`` `jO`` `dG `` ` jO`` ` MCG
KdG ``j``NCG bdG Ie
jdG `` JO`` ` ` b `` `H`` `J `` `` ` dG
hdG ``` UGhCG ```Hh ,dG
j `` ;``j```J Sh ,``F```dG
eM `` H ``c``` ` G ``d``` ` G
jh ,GQ`` ` eEG `` dhOh dG
c ,dG dG J
jJh ````T ``Y ``JO````S ``Y
b `è ```H ```M ``` dG ``j``Y```d
jeCG ee eL FQ Ff e dG hdG j dG
OdGh HdG jQdG dch ,dG
VSGh .I`` J`` ` `SCG O`` ` `Jh ,`` H`` ` dG
dG ``` dh``dGh ``` O``cCG ``b```dG ``g````S
jdG `è ``S``H``b ``````dG ``è``L ``H``J
M dGh dG cGGh eG e
dG h``` ` dG ``` ` gCG ```Y `` ` cCGh ,``` dG
dGh ,G dG ```G dGh
eG `````J ``` dG ``````dG `` jDh`` dG ``` J
M `` `à``dG O`` ` TCG `` bh .`````` EG
cGHh ``` ` eh `` Y ````è `è ``` e``G
dG dGh `èG``dGh dGh dG
OcCG eGdG EG Jh ,H J dG
UN ,JeL IaG dGh
.RdGh dGh ,VQG Y
jDhdG - e
ee eL FQ Ff dSG N dG
gCG EG aVEG ,dG S e ``cG``J
Y ``c``J ```dG dGh dG ``fG``G
cCG ,fL `èh .G e eG
BG ``` e IQ`` ` c`` dG I``` ` ` dG ``` ` ` dG ``` M``` U
dG `` h````dG ````gCG Y ,S
.ce Y H eG b feEGh
eG ````FQ Q``` c``dG IO``` ` S ``V`````SGh
,eG ``````J ``` dG ``` ` ` dGh `` eG`` dG
eG J dG dGh YdG QdGh
dG dG dGh ,dG OG``YCG
OS `` H ``` Y Q``` c``dG IO``` ` S ``` ` ` ` SG

,eCG ,SHb dG eL FQ dG
IG ``j``d``H `è``è ``è``L `è Gk` ` ah
HH hOG`` f`` c Q``` c``dG ```S``F``H ,``` ` j`èCG
hDd dG ````F``dG ``F``f heL
MU QHh ;ee eL OcCG
S BG a H e IQcdG IdG dG
.LQG h`````d ``è``G ````FQ I``Y```è
jdG e GOY AdG fG hJ bh
jJ S :e ;cG dGh dG
eL ``H `````dGh `````dG h``` ` dG `` YOh
,jeCG ee eL Hh SHb dG
QG`` ` M
G af ..d hCG WdG DG fG
MGe ``à ```dG ```fb :zjDhdG{`d ```fdG

Q``dG ``dG ``N Q```dG i``Sh ``````FdG
CG YLG dG jRh dG S H S H dG e cq CG
OdG g d f JCj dhdG bJG OH H Y dG
dG CG EG dG Gg Ge ,dG G bh eSEG jd
jdG MCG e VQd dhdG dG bJG e 14 IOG Y
QNG jG dG qCG Y J IOG CG dG cPh .eSEG
gOj dG fjO qCH jdG J M ,jdG e aj e gh ,fjO
.jdGh Ia Y dj dG qC ,AHBG
kjb QdG ij CG bG eh FdG MG dG fb qCG de ch
,dG H Md JGOGSG UGJ IQGRdG qEG bh .QG dG N
e OY J q b fq CG k e ,MG dah eGH GbG BG jh
Gg Qj CG QG eh ,dG Y WdG jdG OGYE G dG
J YLG dG IQGRh qCG dG VhCGh .G fj jH jdG
eG fdG qCG c ,WCd eG eGdGh fCGh eH Vd
dGh dG bM Uh dG jM dBG S dG Y MW
.dH ddG LMG aJ J dG dBG e gZh
fG OY -jDhdG
dG TGQ- jJ
q dG e OY J
dG Y WdG jdG OGYE G
dG `Y `dah eGH G`bG OH IQGRdG
dG ddG b LMG ad Wh N
G fj jH dG Y WdG jdG QhU

Jh ,``jh`````dG ``f``j``dG ``c `è ``d``c jdG NdG J dG LMG RHCGh
.Gh eGdG Vhh
VQCG Y G fdG jdG
.JfjH dG i VdG hG GgCG RHCG eh
WCd eG fCGh eGdGh eG
W Y bdG EG aVEH ,dH
dG d HjEG FdG e
bJH ```Ù``G J e dGh adGh YLG `è``G
?dG M Y ``` ` dGh ``` WC` d `è``` G ``q ` ` ` ` dGh
eRdG WdG `èG``dG `à``Jh gjJ
h``` e `` eCG ``````dG S ``dC``è
.G jdG e ddG j
``JC`Jh ,IG CG bJGh Gge
AH Jd jQhdG hdG LGe QWEG
Y CG`` `W ``` dG I``j``G G``````G ```Y QhU dH G G bJ
hCG ,```H G ``c``Jh``dG hCG ```b```JG fdG Gg QS a ,dG fb
.dhdG M dG OG Y Ak H bG aVEG GReG eh Gk j
``f``c ``` ` V``G I`` ` `dG `` ` Nh
?j CG
``` M`è `` S`` ` `SCG ``` ` ` J ``` ` ` ` ` dG aQ `` bh ``` F``` ` dG ``` MG`è ``f``` dG
dG jQJ Y dhdG dG M EG Y ```M``G AG`` HE G d
d LGHh ,dG M bJG M dG N e AfG Qa QSh ,Lh
GNh Ge dG Lh dG
.QG
d LGG Y e J ,I``j``L fdG J a GRed dH eq CG
e aJ dG HdG dG ZCG YLGh ``` ` ` ` dGh ``` f`` G `` ` `G
dG G ```bh ``è```SEG jdG c ,d eYEGh adGh dGh
jM `` dG qJ `è kTh WCd FGG dAH j e c hJ
.Y H fEG M J EG aVEH dG jM dBGh
.fG jdGh Hd UN a
IOG Y q dG S
jQG e dG fb he jh
c M ,q H qG (7) fG ````dG ``` ``è````dG ``M````dG
``j``dG A`````HBG ```` ````dG``G ```è adGh dGh dGh YLGh
fdG G VGQCG Y hdj jJ IQ`` ` ` G O`` ` `G ``` ` ` j `` ` `dGh
IQGRdG id g ,G fd k ah Sj `` ```j`````dG ``Z```Ùh ``fG``` dG
S e jG OY Y FMEG fGdG `` e ``` ` jh ,``` ` dG `````è `` e
?qdG Gg
.dhdG eGdGh
WCG L dG S e OSG
````dG ``cQ```è ```Y IQGR`` `dG `Ù``h
jdG ``j``Y``dG ````b) IQGR`` d`` H ``````G LCG e eeCG G MJEGh H j e c
Gg ````S qCG ```c ,(``` ` dG hD` ` T I``FG``H N `è `` `dPh ,`` ` cCG `````H QhO `````J
VQCG Y j W d qCG cDj q dG J ```dGh IQGR`` `dG J ```dG SdG
q G ``f``` d k` ` ` W ``````L ```````dG jM ````h ``j````b ``Y `````dG d
.dG jdG ddG e J Y ,CG``dG
dG d ``HG``dG G H `è ```dGh
qG `èG``dG e jdG IQGR````d
aVEH ,2011 ``Y Q``Ù ``jh MG
e ,dG H Md dH eg ```Y gJ ```j ```dG ````G EG
eh ?j a ,hCG WdG DG M H `èh ,Gh``` dGh G``D` G H
S dG jdGh cQG G b `è JUJ OG`` YEG ```dG ``à```dG
?a MW UdG aQh ,H cQG WCG
T `` N `` D` G ``` j CG ``b``` G `è
QNEG S M ,IQGR`` dG dG EG
Ia A``L ``bh ,Q`` G ``` dG `è ``à``f Y e hdG H H G SDG
dH VdG Ve d DG Y
.gJ
.bMh
Y `` ` `c`` dG EG `` `D` ` G `` ` `j `` ` c
J e dG S
AH Q`` WEG ```J``L````MGh ``d````dG ``j````b e ``````dG ````M ````b````J``H ```Ù``G
Vh ``d`````d ``` ` W``dG ``` ` ` JG``` SG G dG dG 14 IOG GY
.dhdGh G dG eGdG aO dG GQG g e ,fjO QNG
e O`` Y ````b``è ``D` G S ```c
g `` qH d dG
dG dG J dG jdGh VGG
?IOG
`` HG`` dGh ``d``` dG Qh`` ` `dG ``j``` ` dG QG`` `bE` ` c e eMCG dhd SSCG dG j
dd ````W``dG ``` Gh ,````dG ``` dG fjdG g SEGh ,eSEG jdG
e O``Y H EG aVEH ,dG ``f``bh jh
,````dG G ``gq ``j
q
CG bjh .dG Ad IR```G YVG dGh ,dG dJh bh ```FO``è
eG ```Gh eG e QJ VdG IG O`à d J fq CH eDf
Y a d UG dGh gCGh
.JG dG aCG h G
Ff He jCG `ÈGh WdG DG dG qCG SEG q SSCG OG eh
.bGdG VQCG Y h Qe g e G``gh ,``j``dGh Id kah dj
YLG dG IQGRh J
jCG Ea ,dG dG H Md
?IbG JQGRh G Uh
d ``f```H AGQR`` `dG ``` YCG ```d
H ```````dG A``` ` MG ``Y 2011 ``````S
N J da N e dG
JY Y IQGR`` dG Vh ``bh ,2012 ```dG
eGdGh fCGh ddG e OY J
q bh ,dG GH MG ``LhCG dG
d ````dG ``` dBG G`` bGh ````dG J

LMG J S dG fCGh eGdG
GgCG ```Jh ,dH oG dG
.ILG
IQGRdG Y J dG GAGLG e
HGdGh ddG jjdG d BG
eh ````````J S ```èh ``````dG ``Y
?gG
IY `````è GAG`` ` ` LEG IQGR`` ` ` dG ``` ` Vh
ddG ```W``dG ``j````dG OG`` `YEG ```Y```J
W N e dP j CG Y ,HGdGh
ddG ``` G ``q ```G ``` G
e Td G G SDeh
q ```c ,``j``` ` dG OG`` ` YEG
Y ````M ```Y
jjdG OG``YEG cQG d jJ
Od `` ` ah `` HG`` dGh ``d``` dG ``` ` W``dG
jQdG ````èh ````T C```H `````L```dG
Y ````j ``` dGh ,``` ` dG ``` `` jQh`` dG
q h ,``````J G`` `WCG h`` dG
OY J
gh ``j````dG OG`` `YE ``````G ``` ` dG `è
,dG jJh edG HGdG
dG ,jGh G edG OG
,jdG ``j``Y``dGh ``j```SCG dH UG
SSCG `````dG `è``Nh `` b`` YEG ```
,adGh adGh dG ,``j``Y``dGh
HG h ,UG jG HGJ
.ZdGh
q ``d``c
``cQ````G ````d ````LG ```Y
SJ dG dG QN jjdG OGYEG
Qeh FQ Q````NGh A````YCG Jh
fdG ac hdGh , d
```H ``Ù``G `è````Gh GA``` ` MEGh
.bdG GP GQGRdG jQJ SGh
dhCG IOG J j CG `èD`G `èh
AdGh LGd ZdGh HG d
Y ``` ` V``Yh ``` F``` ` dG IO``` ` G OG`` ` `YEG
JQU ``j````dG ``Y```W d ,``````G
dG e fj T jf Jh FdG
.QG
JGSG `è`è R````HCG ``g `è
dG ``fG``G `èh ?dd WdG
?a LGG J
N OG`` ` ` YEG ``` Y k` ` d``M IQGR`` ` ` dG ``` ` J
FdG Ld
k eG dPh dd Wh
q
eG `` `bQCG ``` ` H ``` ` gG IQh``` ` H
Iq L Yf J Y `Ù``Gh dd
hdH IQGR``dG Y Gdh ,`è``G e
`` ` `SGQO OG`` ` ` `YEG ``` Y `` ` `G ``` ` `` e
fdGh `è````G `` ``jQ``
dG ``d````dG ```b ```H j ```dG
ObG
QNCG
ffdG dG hODj jQGOEGh dG HbdG RL e Gk Y 37

jDhdG - e
jQGOEGh dG HbdG RL e kGY KKh S iOCG
dG e eCG ffdG dG dG eCG U dhd
dG ``H``b``dG R```L FQ ```G Uf ``H ``g ``H Uf
HbdG fb e (15) IO``G ```MC kW ,dhd `` jQGOEGh
edG dG SH QO````dG dhd jQGOEGh dG
FdG Ff e c j{ CG Y f
q dG 2011/111 bQ
HbdG R```L FQ `èCG dG b AGOC` `H R```G A````YCGh
.zdhd jQGOEGh dG
G Y k``èCG R```G Y ```j CG Y dG jh
Y a dG FGdGh dGh fGdG j CGh ,dG
eGc Y aj CGh ,feCGh Th H dG ODj CGh
AGOCG R```G A````YCG ``b``H ``H```j ```Sh .``gQG``` SCGh ````X``dG
.kYJ ffdG dG
dG OG IQjR UGJ
jd Hd edG idGh
dG S QGSG
TGdG GY -e
j dG fGG IQjdG efH UGj
ddG Hd dG d ```dG O``G
WdG ``` ` T ``` a``` `` d`` ` `dG `` ` `` `SE` `d
edG i``` dG IQGRh `è ``````G ``cQ````h
.QH edG id edG jjGh
dG Be `è O``Y IQ``j``H jdG ``b M
Hd jQGOEG dG e GAd Yh UG
dG AYCG YLEG Y M ,ddG
Yd J cH edG Hd ``jQGOEG
Y je QH cdG IQGOEG hDe e OYh
LEG ``N ``bh .QH edG i```dG
J Gh ````S ``` dG ``d``` G `è O`` Y ````b``è
UdG ```j h ``c````dG IQGOEG EG ````dG ```H
M ,`à````d ````V`è ``` M `` jCG G ```fC```H
dG `èC``d``c ``d```G `è O``Y be
f FGdh jQhdG IhdGh jdG GRLEGh
,cdG IQGOEGh HdG H dG dBGh dG
Ve ```M ```Y ````LEG ``N ``` JEG h
dG FdG e jdG dEG c.ad
SDeh FfYdG Q```Ù A```è ``c````d
Y dG IQ``j``dG ``N h,cdH HdG
,ddG HdGh cdG IQGOG H hdG dBG
gaJ dG GReEG ``gCG Y ``WEG c
gjJ Y dG YCG bh ,ed cdG
cdG IQGOEG `è HdG ``H ``FG``dG hd
jdG QGRh.`à````d cG G ``j``YQ
,deJ ```àOhG fJ ```jhCG cT ````jCG
. dG Hf e LG M
zXdG bNCGh dH IQGOEG{jQdG efdG J z YdG WG {

jbhh ,``j``NBG aJh aJ Y dN e
GQ ``L```c ```J ``` fq CG ```c ,G``` fG `è O```dG
,YGdG ``M QhO ```dh ,I``` G `` OG`` àCG
G hCG Yd dH `` qeCG ,GQG`` ` `dG P``` JGh
YJh ,G hCG YG S Y YJ da
QWEc dG H adG UY ``HQ Y
,eS G``gCG f LJ fEG f d ``b``NEG
Jh QgORGh G J Y JYe fL EG
.fEG iG Y G H hdG UGhCG
EG `è``f``dG `è hCG ``` dG `` N Gq` ` U ``` Jh
NGdG FG J fq CG M ,dG dG
QJh jgh SDG a Y J a ,SDd
SSCG ``gh ,dG Ld jdG G
,GQGdG ```Ùh `````dG ````h GQ``` ` NG ``j``
j b H J LdG SDG qEà Yh
dG d dG hCG dG qCGh TdG SDG Y
e OG`àCG b aGJ ie Y bj SDe CG
edG EG OD` J dH dGh ,SDG b
.a edG OGaCG GgCGh SDG GgCG H
jDhdG -e
jQe keMCG fEd fq CG EG Ge ,dG

IG e kaGgCGh ,dG J g j
Y ```J `````dG qCG ```c ,`````` EG O``` dG `````j
N e hCG jdG dG dG N e f
bGG O``` dG ``Y Q````J ```dG cdG `````fCG
d Ic gCG d qCG GqU cCGh .G
kGOGaCG Gfc Ak GS IG H fEG S J
IM AH YJ Od dH fq CG M ,YL hCG
j k```L`è kGQ`` WEG ```Jh ,T Jh O```dG
eCG U YdG Wd edG SDG CGH

bNCGh ````d``H IQGOEG" `è``f``H EG Q`` H ````H
G M ``H ``g ``j``YQ `` ``dPh ,"XdG
efdG Gg j M ,SDd dG FdG
Xe L jh ``jCG KK I`` j ``dG
Q`````H ``cQ````G ``jh``J EG jdG SDG
,dH IQGOEG EG `èGhC``H IQGOEG e q dG ``
SDG ````dG ```SQ``` `èR``dG GQ``` G ```H````cEGh
.dG ``NC``H IQGOEG e ``j```Jh ```H```jEG
jQdG ``c`è ```N Gq` ` U ``` `è``f``dG ``` jh
:gCG ,Qh IY EG efdG j M ,SDH
,dH IQGOEG EG `èGhC``H IQGOEG `è `è ````dG
ch ,````dG ``` b``NCGh `è```dG ````X``dG ```èh
,AGOCG IO``G gCGh dG QhO jJ
NCG Id G O```G XJ ``W fL EG
IHG ,dG ,AjdG ,jdG) Gh SDG
eh e efdG N GU VhCGh .(jDhdGh
d dG QSCG JQG QGSG : zFGdG WMGh RG{

VfEH CG d jeCG QhO (543)
fEG CGh S bh ,QhO)2) Q``b
N QhO (55^75) ``` M Q`` ` `` `SCG
.jGa e dG SCG
S ```S``è Oh`` `Y ``` a ``` ` dG `` eG
HGdG SCG ``N ```JQCG dG
dG ``H `` ` `JQEG `````f ``` YCG `````d
jeCG QhO (296) G dSSCG
jeCG QhO (6)QYJQEH CG d
f `` è ``d``` dG `` ` ` SC`` H ``fQ``` e
.dG
N IQdG S Se fEG a
QhO (282) EG d ``HG``dG ````SCG
(1) Q``b VfEH CG d ```j`èCG
SEGh .ddG SCH fQe QhO
JQEG ``j````dG `à ````S ```S``è
jGa T `è ``HG``dG ````SCG ``N
JQH CG QhO (497) G``M H M
fQe d ```j`èCG QhO (4) Q`` b
. dG f e dG SCH
jDhdG - e
EG dG SG dH Jd ,HGdG
KdG ``N ```j`èCG QhO(17^75)
h RQCG S G``Y , I``NCG HSCG
(1)h (6) QG fEG dG IQ``dG
.HGdG ``` ` SCG ``N ```j`èCG QhO
RQCG S OhY a RQH j ah
SCG N VfEG jdG
EG d 2012jGaT e HGdG
`` HG`` dG ``Y``` ` SG ``j``` ` dG `` ` `VhG

edG d ( 2012 ``jG`à d)
M ``FG``` dG ``W``` ` MGh R``` ` ` d
SG G `````d ``````dG Q``` ` SG
FGdG OG````d ``````dGQ````SC`d ``` dG
N `` ` `JQEG `````SG , ``` ` S``` SCG
SCG e AGHG de HSCG KK
T `è ``HG``dG ``` ` SCG ```Mh ``` dG
QSCG ``` ` T ``` M , 2012 `` jG`` a
(3(QG ``Y```JQEG````` ``` G
SCG `` `N ``` ` d `` ` j`` eCG QhO
fH jJ Ihf
Gh adG
GZ.. z adG{`H
jDhdG-e
adG dG IQGRh J
YUh IQ aZ e hdH Gh
ad FdG `````H ``` KG kG``Z ```Y
.Gh adG ``f```H jJ Ih``f
ffdG adG f G Ih``` dG ```Jh
H ```YCG MUh UCG jJh
jG `è``Y H G OG`` àCGh ``Ù``N
adG H ```G Qh``dGh ``f```dG G``g
jOdG dH YRG jJ Gh
k a
H Y AdG J Y
IOG FdG ``gCGh Gh adG
cSh.YCG H gfh
FGT ``` ` `````````S ``` dG Ih`` ` `dG
Y YCG S G
Hh ````` ` Gh ``` a``` dG ``f``b `````J
UNG V NJ dG GdG ``
G `à``` VE``H ````` ` Gh ``` a``` dG ``
````dG QhOh ``f```dG G``g ``jG`è VJ
JG ``Y ``jO``dG ```d``H ``YR```G jJ
.adGh QGG CGe h S W
``J z AHc{
jYJ GVfi
WdG T SQGe
jDhdG - e
fH `` ` A`` H`` ` c ``c``` T CG`` ` `H
e dH dPh OTQEGh Yd dG
a dGh Hd edG jjG
GV J N e ,WdG T
id jh SQGe W aSG jYJ
jJ GVG Th ,IQHGh UTh
Wh FHdG FGG dG
dG ``` W``G ```c`````dGh ,```è ``j``b``dG
dH dG `è ```dG H SQ
efH j Sh ,Jeh FHdG
a `` `jh ``SQG`è ``b``H ```Y```dG
jHCGh ``SQ`è ````T `` W ``` W``` dG ``` ` T
N eG GVG hJ S c
ch FHdG SG TJ IdG
eH jdGh AHdG IQJa MG
, AHH JG ce ej dG
hdH `` AHc cT U M
aK SZ Y dGh HdG IQGRh e
d `` `SQG`` `G `` `W i`` `d ``` F``H``` c
aG cS HcEGh AHdG W
.FHdG bdG Y
ObG
```H``è
q za{
q LfEG bW eH QU YdG q TJ
dG hO fl EG jG jc jd bY S 4 AH :z
{`d dG jRh
dG fE ee IYc adG JQb Rjh dG fe Sj hG

SEd cdG Sq J `è EG cH Q```TCGh
gOYG J EG ``èG``dG dG `` jDhQ
OQG`` G ``j```J `` N `è ``````dG `````G ```Y
N ``j``` J ````è ``````S ``` M ,``jO``` ` ` bG
cM J Gc GQhO jRdG ceh jG
ic S c ,dG Y FdG YdG
Y ``` ` G Q``````S``d ``````dG ``c``` ` dG
AGOCG Yeh eG YdG Qh``H GRq e
.d adG
EG d hCG bfG e a Y bh
Gh G ObG J gQhO J
Y O``` G `` g ``````J h .``` H ````J ``` dG
ASQE qeG EGh ,a cdG aGe jJ
Wh ,`èG`````G ```Y````LG dG `èq `è
IjL XJ Ua aJh ,dG Y aG
.fodG QOGd
L `è ``j````H ``cG```T `à `è``HCG ```c
RdH Oqh````d R``` dGh ````dG IQGRh ```è IOq``è
qG jhd `` AHc cTh ,S 20 I``
OY A``` SQEG EG `à```VEG G``g ,``b```d``H YdG
qfi cT e jeCG QhO e 420 H
q e Ac dG Me GW
cdG fl
.jdG SS jJ f
cd ```Y````LG ```dhD```G Q`` WEG ````Vh
`` `LCG ,`` eG`` ` `` `SG ``` ` ` ` d ``` ` ` ` ` JG``` SGh
YLG ``j`````G ``` Y ``è```T `` ` SGQO `` a
jd ag WdG afi O`````bGh
AJQd IOq` ` ` e ``jQ``` ` eh `èG``H ``` Vh ``` dBG
hdH dPh ,aWCG G GQq
fodG dG cTh Cd Q oU cT e
.(HQhCG) dhdG YdGh d
eL e gJ Ice bH a eb c
jeCH eG bQCG iMEG ,jOG Sa
,dG YGQdG dG HG
e J EG J fGe ```SGQO `è``bE
J ```dG ``` YGQ``dG ``` HhCGh ``j````G `` aBG
EG ,dH dGh `è```dGh ````G Q````TCG
.e jbdG FSh Y dG fL
fdG S - jDhdG
dG TGQ /jJ
d ```j``Ù I````è `````J O````Y ```j`èCG

N ``j``c ``` fE `````````dG ``MG``G ````L
GSG dP H eh .FG fCH jG
Wd ILCGh TGeh JShdG SG
3,150 H FGg S J EG aVEG ,AGdG
OYGh ,QdG KfG e q d BG M e
J c .AG```dG Ihf f bG Qqe f
dG eG ```G ``jh``J IO``YE` H `à
.%100 H
,Jbf SCG IOjd a q J IN h
d ```f````dG ``c``` ` dG `è ``` b``` JG ``` b``J
e AfG bj V bf 4 Ad dG
bdG Jh QG dG e e KG
.jH iNCG
bEG jG ,cH ScQe b fL e
41 Z oY S YSG d{ :d
c ```JGQ``L ``H fe SJ `è `è``Y
oY ``jDhQ EG GOSG ``dPh ,jdG jQd
SHb dG ``d``G MU I 2020
q X Ge Y IJGh S H
f qjh UG dG Y q j ObG
q ,``jDh``dG ``g e Th .GQO````dG J
q AfEG e
jdG d jce jRJ fi
b j dG dG YO Y IQO``b dG
.zG Y jGG dG Jh dG
f BG M M b a CH IQTEG Qh
q J
Vh .Xe e %60 J
iG IH jDhQ d a dJo dG OG
cdG `è``b ,I`````G qdG ````bCG O````YGh
dPh jRdG c LdG JGQb jH
QU Ae cT e JGSG cGT GHEH
1,4 ``` H ``````d ````Y `q ` fi A````d ``Y`````dG
QhO e 250 H dLEG Jh e c
SGG hCG `` MCG ``` G G`` g ````jh .``` j`èCG
jG ``b``f ``````SG ```Y IQO``` dG ``` dG
S J ```dGh ```d HdG dG ``G
g qN ``bh .``W ``dCG 400 EG jdG
jRGdG e jG N GfCG fCG d bdG
.oY S EG
EG `` a ````J ``` dG ``jQ``` ` G ```````S q ` ` Jh
EG `è``J eT JGSG `è GA``L FfEG
,cdG i``d adG i`````Gh ``fh``G jJ
``jG```G dG d S `è eGJ ``dPh
Fb Y ``JC`Jh .```dG ``M eG G``` SCG
,dG FdG YdG qG jQG g
q
e gDhfEG dG FdG dG fih
AGh ``jR``` dG ``c`èh ,`````d``H ``H ```H````S
EG `à```VEG ,``j```d`è gJ ```j G``` dG
.dG jG N bf
QhO e 40 EG j `è QSG ``bh
.G jOQG
dG gR H A MU NBG fL e
cH JGSGh jQdG hD```dG I``j`è
YdG G CG jG N jd Y a
Lfl e FQ JMh e j cd
4Q5 HSG bW J I``Mh ``c ``j``G
jRJ ce Lj ``fCG aVEGh .`è W e
EG (``j```Jh ) hJ ``dGh bW J
. G OG``G `è jS `è ``W e (40)
fh SJ N cdG id CG EG QTCGh
jS `è W e (9) e G Sf CG
c ,2015 Y jS e W e (12) EG
e (6) H IjL IMh aVEG dM SQf
. 2018 Y Y
hP ``` ` ` e ``` Y ``Y``` ` ` dG ``q ` ` G ``` ` ` ` jh
TG GNG Y jG N jd JMh
W e 4,5 EG J jS HSG bH
bH jRJ ce EG aVEH ,e q d e
dh .e W e 40 EG J jS dhJ
T hCG IMdG dG MG CG``H
Y jhJ M ,G dG e jHCG
.jG N jH G dG e e
1200`H G ````dG ``jh``J h````G Sh
750 h `à ```X`è 450 e I```T``è ````Xh
.ITe Z Xh 3120 EG aVEH ,Gbe
jd G d flh UGh eG
.dEG f dG eGG dG JGSG
f Vf G`` f h gN ```M`è q ` c h
JbY J CG Y UM ,dG Gg
adGh GMG Oe Y e FcT e
:G ``g``` dCG ``` dG `````c `` bh .z``` ` dGh
Yhe 38 e GMGh Gg YdG {
JGS SSCG I```cQh ```dG ``M ```d
jJ cT fQYH Y J dG SdG
W hG JCj c .G Yqe Y
QSG OH fCGh UN ,a JjdhCG
ee Y Ldh LfEG T A````fE
Ie M d cdG feEG e RS
bh Je `à``c Jh FY Fd
hG G jRdG ce CG EG QTCGh .zbCG
eS jde Dh````fEG j ``dG ``c``Gh
.G IjGG dG S LMG H
b EG Ic qH jG N aJ Sh
Y ```F```dG ``Y````dGh ``Y`````dG `è ``j```dG
YdG dG IOjR EG ODS dGh dG
.GQSG e gZh dGh dc eG
q JJh ,Gg
H dG Y JGSG N
M Y Gh eG ```G `è ee
Ua aJh SSCG dG IAc aQ H AGS
AGOCG jJ Te H SEGh IjL Y
jRh dG fi ``H ``` MCG.O ``è ``cCG

h ```G Qh``dG z``jDh``dGz`` d ````JGh dG
dG jJ ,``j``G ``j```d `à cT
,GQSd HPL c dG hO fl
gQYH ````Y ``LG``J `` a ``c````d CG ``Ù``N
Y fdGh ,jG N J Y hCG
. jdG
cT TH dG a Y de YCGh
GFGQ j dGh QU YdG q a
WdG T afi e .dG ie Y
. hG AH
4 AH fdG cdG ```J{ :de ``bh
hG QS ``dG ``G d V S
FH `è A````fG ``b```G `èh .``` dG hO EG
.zdG Gg e
fCT e dG hG Gg CG de VCGh
eJ CG c .i``NCG Y cT j CG
dG ae `è ``Y``j dG ``c````dG `è
jJh Jh ,dG edG ```
cdG QSH G eG GAG`` LEG
. dG LCG
q a cT TJ M Y dP AL
Ae QhO Qe 1,36 H ``èCG YdG
bW ``Ùh `è k`èG``J ``dPh ,YdG Q oU
.kjS e W je 9 EG edG LfEG
dhCG ``` dG ``Y``` ` G q ` `X ``` ` G ``` T``J
jdG d jce jRJ IQDH AfE cdG
hG goj CG bq G e M ,G
jJh dG GSCG dG fe SJ
dG fE ee IYc adG JQb
,ShCG dc dG M LdG e jd
.dG H e SBGh ,jaCG Th
dG ``` ` F``dG ,G`` j`` a ``` jQ`è `` ` Uh
``` eG``` dG ``è `````j { :``d``` H ,``` d
YdG `è ``fO``` L ```J```J ```M ,```````dG
ObG
`````````He
fe N aC dG MU SCc He cQG IFGO SJ bj zjObG jDhQ{

SHb dG dG MU IM SCc He MG
,fe N aC - YQh G M - G S H
.WdG YdG eN bfG Y jY Qh
cdG VG GdG GW aSG HG
Y adG JGQbh FGOCH AJQd ,OdG YdG
.dGh G jG
aVCG INCG IQhdG EG :YdGh IQdG IQGRh Jh
.YdG BG e QhdH ,iNCG dCGh je
je Y fdG YdG aJ ,HG g h
fh ,IOGh LfEG ieh aG dGh dG
ICd G AGOCGh dG QGh ,edGh eCG
.jdG JGSGh
C ,HH UN Y QJ dG Ff
dG e dGh IdG fGL Y j CG Qe
.GSCd ej
jG dG H EG - dJYCG
dG GY
FdG GY.O
a dG Ff Y `` WG ``c````dG ```ÙCG cdG HG M ;YdG

.aT H e dG jeh dG H AJQd YdG
Gg He CG Ve ,jhdGh jdGh aG
YdG G e GQGM
jG H ``` dCGh ,I``j``L je `à```VCG ```dG
Wd edG SDd dG FdG jh
.YdG BG `è dGh QhdH HdG
C JgL J IQGRdGh SDG EG ,YdG dG ``` H``` ` G ``j``` e `` H `` e CG EG G``` ` e
QaCG IQd YdG G `è GQG`` M J ieh ,```fEG IA```ch ,aG dG ,dG{
CG EG G```è ,cQd J ``M iDh`` `dGh GdGh ,edGh `èCG H G``` dGh ,IO`` G
.f dG e HGh fGG GQjdG Bd ``G AGOCG jG ``gCG e ``ch ,zdG
dG ge YdG
.jdG JGSG Qeh
SGh IdG YdG cQe YO Yh
OG aG
f eY H f :G b ,HG OG aG ``NOEG SQJ IQGR``dG fc GPEG q Yh
e jJ % 90 f q Y jGh YdG Y YdG BG b `è XJ d Hd
e ``gh I````dG YdG `è ``fQ`````H YdG J IQGR``dG EG :FdG b ,d dG SJ
e jdG g CG EG QTCGh .%10 jJ f Jh jObG BG Yd OG e dG
.HG IOLe SG h IdG YdG f CG BG Gh ..dG YdG dG
,dG ge YdG g BG OH f eh N e YdG g jJh c EG
e J HGV EG G H gh
.dG YdGh eGdG
HGdG g SGQO Sh ,IOLG HGdG Y
HdG e IOSG
e cQe g CG Hh
q .2012 dG N eRdG
J jCG gh jG Vh UG dG Ff OG ``H S SG ``` VhCGh
.GG M dG NOE Fb M ,`` ` `f`` CG Q``` ` U ``c````d ``` ` ` ` dG ``` ` F``dG
H OjEG fdG fG IOSG
Y aJh
k
IFdG cdG
jG EG :dG J dG UGG ie
SG b ,IFdG fGh cdG Yh
;YdG e ee JH IFG eJ dG
dG FdG ``F``f OG ``H S G GSGh ,dG Ua aH e a
``cQ```T ``à I``Y ```g :```f``CG QU cd MJ dG jG e gZ h iNCG YU
,cQG M Y FZ GR e H CG EG ,HG
.dEG J dG hdGh IFG
c dG Gd IFG f cQG R``HCG dh jdG OQG`` G ``j`è ``` TG``dG ```M ``H ``g
J cQG g G``Yh ..GAfEG b b e ,HhQhCG IYCd ```ShCG dG cH IQGOEGh
AdG OG`` e ```Y ````dGh ````dG ``Ù``G ````dG YGH aG YdG G EG M b
.HjEG TDc GQk hO j gh ,gZh Uj Sb TDc ;H cQG ieh HG
FZ Yb
YdG `è jT hCG f ```g :G G``g
H ``` ` UCG ``` j `` `bh ,``` H``` ` G ``` H `` ` `YGh
FZ ``f``c ```fC`H j ``` dG ``Y````dG `` Mh
cQd I``Y`è BG ``gh VG GdG ``N dh ,``` j `` ```è ``Z ``` j``G ``Y`````dG
b EG ```TG``dG ``b ,``H```jEG H HG j CG HG EG d WGTG V e
EG ,```H```S G`à ``N ``k `F``Z ```j ``b GA``` ` fEG HS ``` J ``` c IO`` ` ``` ` eR I`` a h``````d
.jG
iNCG Yb gh ,IH O``b b g BG ``fCG
g C` H ``fh .```G S Y AG```dG ```b e
J J
Nd gDe FGdG dG cT I``Y YdGh IQ````dG ``Y ``j`è dG ```b```jh
k FZ j b jdG b CG EG QTCGh .HG Qh`` e ``` H ``` H``` ` ` ` d ``` ` ` ` ` ` dG ``` ` dG `` `M
.HG OY - ``` e - ``````Jo C` ` c ;`` e`` dG `è ``j``` Y
YLG dhDG Qe
Id i``NCGh IdG Yhd ``ShD``dG `è
d f J c ;Sd ``g``Zh
S c GPEG eh YLG dhDG Qe Yh
GY Q```c``dG ``b ,2012 ``Y He ``d``NOEG ObG ``è e EG M ;```W``dG ObG
G ah .dG Y FZ d QG Gg :FdG .SGh I`````dG ``Yh````G ``g `è ```W``dG
edG `````SD`G ```b `è ``k `L``J ```g CG ``dP ```H J IFG CG Y OQ Ve FdG Yh
YLG ```dhD```G ``j````d YdG Wd fe N Y jRJ j ShDc N jRJ
LGj QG G``g CG EG Ge ..G `è``Nh ,dG V Tf g :Ve ,I``F`à
WG `````SD`Gh ``c````dG `è ````dG ```à fLh Jh eG jdG i``dh
G g c ,fG Gd GAk L J YdG IdG cdG e eG ZCG CG dG Gg
Oa H j ``bh ,YdG QU e dG M ``ShD`c J ``bh ,SGh
N `è ``G ``g c YL hCG SDG ```d g Q``` ` ` ` SG ``` M ````M I``F``` ` d I``` ` ` G
EG bh .GNDe QU SCJ dG hdG ie Y bf IdG CG EG dh .SDG
PEG ;GNDe IQGRdG Y aGh efH jd SDG IQhdG EG a dG LCJ h ,IQGR`` dGh dG
Yd IQGRdG b e e J S dG ```G ``gh ,dG b `è `èO```dG
.YLG dhDG M YdG hQ d e OGQCG fEG bh .AGQBG e f fh q J
OG S.
:G V
FdG G M H ``g Wd edG SDd dG
YdG
FdG Y H GY QcdG Yd `è```dG ``j``j``G ``Y ``j`è
YdGh IQdG IQGRH
OG H S SG QU cd dG FdG Ff
edCG
je ```TG``dG M ``H ``g dG cH IQGOEGh jdG OQGG
HhQhCG IYCd ShCG
h bdG M :YU
d aG EG HG
NGO aGgCH dG YdG
YdG G
FdG j YCG UCG

jJ GSH HG Y
cdG ej J
fdG Yd dG
ad IjL cT NO
M Y TDe HG Y
gQfGh
TGdG g
N bh ,``bCG hCG jQ je KK jQSG

.J GOT Kh SCc J FGL N d
gh ;IG fG J 2002 dG cC dG MU IM SCc Y M dG
Sh ,d ``YQO ``dPh ;G`è N e
.Ge N SCdH kGRa j IFG J e
BG dG efH GSG ,2003 dG h
USGh dG bO V ``LCG e ;Hd
H J c ,ANCG hH dG FdG
dG `Ù``G ````dG ``c``` Th ``è```G GQGR`` ` dG
G `è ```J``j```è Gk` ` L ik ```è ````M
.IQGRdG J QO G
cd J hQO ``è ,2006 ``` dG h
cdG `````J``J ````J ``` dGh I`````G ````G
.SCdH IFdG
LQH gd ``c```T ``K ```J ```c .GQOdGh IOGh aG dG dY
i`` NCG ````à```J ``à `à``` VEG ,2008 ``` dG h
BH ``` U``N ``` a `` `gh ``` Y``` ` ` dG B` ` ` ` ` ` d
;Ge N e cC SCdH Ra dG YdG
cH FdG h H a BG aJ M
.dG QO hCG
H ;HG ``FG``L jJ ,2009 ```dG h
IM ``SC``H I``F```dGh IG cd ```SC`c
N e cCG fe N aC dG MU
:j c FGG J dHh ,Ge
k GY JGQSG jJ dG cdG a :hC
hCG cGH hFdG h ,``jQ je KK
.J hQO Kh SCc
Y JGQSG J ```dG cdG a :``k `f``K hCG cGH hFdG h ,``jQ je KK
.J YQOh SCc
SCdH RdG T df dG cdG a :k dK cH ``F````d ```SC`c ``` h ,G`` e ````N `è `` cCG
.hCG
Hd h``` ` dG E` ` a ``` ` e ``g ``` c :`` ` bh
K ``Y J I`à e e ICG J CG
de FN ICG J CG :k fK .GS
.de d
je
FdG G M H ``g ``dP H ``h
,YdG ``W`````d `è``` dG `````SD```d ``````dG
c `è HJ FQ je IY ```g :`k `F``b
M a ``K EG J dd ;cdG
MGeh Hd He Mh ,QSG M
Vh jG g EG Ge ,h gjJ
QG fGGh SSCG e aGJ SCG ah
,dG f M e ;YdG BG Y
eh ,jG g VGh dGY g CG Ve
NO M jNCG edG N G Gg
k Gf e Ggh ,ad IjL cT
k HjG eY
e c e :G HJh .cQG Yfh M
GdGR e YdG H CG if Gf fCG EG J
f dd ;HG g cQG gCG j
Y fGh cdG Ghfh fGe GQjH
je Y d ``NOEG g ``bh .cQG
b YO da IO``jR H ;fh IFG
G g
HG ``` Y ``` F``` dG ``` ` j `` ` YCG ``` ` UCG

ej ,J jJ Y ,cQG IFGO SH
J C` `c ,```f````dG Yd dG ````c``dG
iNCGh ,IdG YhG ie Y SCc g
ie Y dKh ,SG YhG ie Y
Y ,a c SJ j IdG YhG
,IOGM ```TQh hCG ,I```è MU ``cQ````G ``H `è
IMh hCG ,dG bd he hCG ,Q`` I``Mh hCG
``X``j ``j``F````d `è `à``M ```J `è ,``` YGQR
jjG YJ ```dG G``g .SJh G jJ
jDJ dG SGh IdG Yhd edG
dh ,GG YdG H dG Ia dc
.a G FG VdGh cQH
g h`` BG ``b GhCG CG ```Y```Ù `````jh
aGgCH dG YdG d ,aG EG HG
M ,e UdG QN ,YdG G NGO
.cQd e cT LJ
Ff
je ``F``` ` dG ``` Y `` H G`` ` `Y Q``` c``dG `` ` cCGh
dG ``F``` ` dG ``Y ,``Y``````d `è``` dG ``j``j``G `` Y
Y ,`è``Y jY Qh`è H HG ``g M
YdG ````dG a aSG ```dGh ``b```fG
YdG H A```JQGh cdG H
J IQGRdG EG M ;jObG dG
jG Jh ```LG`` i`` NCGh I`à ``H IQGR`` dG
Me HGh ,```M`è ``c e `è Sd
d cQd ```G CG ``cCGh ..YdG
gh .Hd YGdG hdG Y J e
VCGh .dG aG Me dc
HG Y ad I``j``G cdG ``NO C` H
g c :``d``c ``bh .HG QJ Y TDe ``g
H YdGh IQ````dG IQGRh `è``b a e
N aC dG MU IM SCc He
kG ;1991 hCG YdG ``Y e fe
1992 h 1991 eY CG e iG OdG Fb YCG
J Y IQGR``dG cQ bh ,Yd eY g
hdGh G jG e jdG HG IQSG
Aj fG b e a GTd jQhdG
.YdG JGSGh
jJh j
dG gCG M GDS efdG e Wh
e dCG dG jG eh ?NOCG dG aVEG hCG
FdG Oa ?cQG M SJh jdG H
f UdG ``M``JEG ``LCG `è :``F``b VG G``g
M - dG MU IM SCH Rd i``NCG
jh jJ EG IQGR`` dG S a - ``YQh G
YdG ```W j `` HG ```f
IQGRh eb dd ,IdGh e IdG eMCG
HG jH 1993 ```dG YdGh IQ````dG
G fd J GO````T e j H
.FGhCG G J dG
EG aG fG J 1999 ```dG h
:a
J jJ dG cdG J hCG dG d N bh ,jQ je KK Y jQSG
.J JOTh ShDc K J FGL N
J J dG cdG J fdG dG -
ObG
He
SGh IdG SDG YOh YhG OSEG RQH QhO ..bG

IQhV EG G a bh ,SDG g YO EG
.Se jQe H d IOG cdG gCJ
MU AYEG CH NCG QGdG CG cDG eh
be OSEGh GQGR``d``H NGdG bG d
f j S ,```Y ``jQ e H dEG
dG J CG bG e M ,SDG g J
aQ fCT e UH VG G``g SGQd G
.SDG g IAc
,G cd LCG cdG ae QWEG h
jh ad e dG S qCG T fEa
jdhCG A```YEG Y Q``WEG ``dP bG
,Mj dG jQG e c G cd
.G H aJ e N j
dG dG f H G```dG fL EG G``g
EG aVEH ,dG eGH d eG gO
b e aGh SGQO GAdG h SGQO IQhV
PJ G EG JUJ dMEG b G G
SGQdG Y QYG NCJ CHh ,fCH OSEG QGb
ee G`` ` `MCG `` Y ``` ` ` G ``g`à``j ``` dG ``f``` ` dG
dG ``jQ````Gh HdG G`` G ```M `è GA````dG
dH GdGh ,a AGOCG ieh gH Geb
JLCGh dH G beh IOG YGG
VG ``` Y ``` JQ``` e i`` èh ``` ` ` dGh `` ` ` jQGOEG
.dEG J b dG jQG J dhD
,SGh IdG SDG YH j a qeCG
J bG H eh G G Eà
Ve Yj hdG Y H
`d h`dG ``è
jDhdG - e
AKdG j MaG dG d hdG e Ve hdG oY H Yj
OS H jhGQ IQcdG e jYQ dPh ,VQd hdG Y c VG
S BG QW H g dG dG MU QHh ,dG dG IjRh ,jSdG
e jYGh IOdGh Gh dG UCG e OYh ,adGh GdG jRh
,zc edG L Nh{ dG e bfG jYdG g JCJh . cQG h``dG
dG G Y dH OJ dG ddGh TG jYQ dG f e Th
Y c d e Ve jh . aGh dG j a NCHh
M ,edG adG ddG g bGe M EG QJ dG ,dG QhO e e
jL GY dCG e cCGh LCGh HY dhO 20 e cC cQe dG Gg j
d h``dG e V QJ c ,I``NCG dG GdG GQG``ÙEG e
dG jh . HdG dG L 50 e fQe L 55 Y HdG f
eGh .QdG YGd dH adG jGe Y kaGh kMT VH be
,Y kG adG HM cCG zShe{ e dG ej dG iNCG aG
VGbG U aCG e I``MGh j ``dG dG VhdG he zHzh
. WEG Y IFa S bCG j dG GQd MCG Vbh Ie FGH
.jG jdhCc G G Vh Y a
J ;bG fd jdG Fd ``àhh
aJ CG be ``jCG ``Y ``YEG b G ```G
cCJh ,hG hd G dG GOYG
hG bQ cP e G EG dSQ N dP
G j e `àQEG hCG G ``G OYG bh
Y jdG b h````G ``W Y G dG
SGQdG J CG IQhV EG aVEH ,GOYG J
```Y ``` f `àh ``Yh``````H ``Ù``G ``` ` UG``Gh
dG hCG Y OG dG GOYG Oh``M Rhj
q
c .H ```JQG Y G ```G aGe ``
a aJ c WdG G GSG Y J
.HG IOGh SdG UGG hT
.fdG dG AH Y UGe
eRdG ``HG```dG `è```G J ,O````dG G``g h
MJEG gd N V jQG g d
jh ,``````d ````dG `Ù`à `è ``` Q`` b `` cCG
Y gOSEG j dG IdG jQG ``N e ``dP
,iNCG eG SDGh bG jW
Qe j `èh jObG ``b``dG e jQc
jQG e gZh ,jjG dG heh ,e
aG WQN Y dG Vh J dG idG
.dG eG dhdG
b e dGh VGdG YdG QWEG Gg Rjh
,edG G cd eGh bG
,IdG jQG OSEG ``j``dhCG FYEG M e
jDhdG -e
dG G QhdG bG gCG J
G j M ,G YhG OSEG Y j
ee ````L ````MCG `````G ``à`````dG CG``` e ```Y
QMh ,``Mh```G bG cQG GA````dG
Y ,jOG jQdGh YG jQG a GAGLEG
ee L `èCG dG Ffh QSCG ``YEG j CG
AY CG a hCG b H GdGh cQG GAdG
.dd OG YG Z
V ``LQ``G SSCG dG Yhe `èh
bGh jQG jGJ ,dG G G
f AdGh dG e je Y s j dG
2012 d zfjG{ efH ```NGdG ``àfi

e ````H h``` dG ``Y ``j`è ``F``f ``YG``` dG
b `è ```G ``` bEGh Q``````H ``JO````S ``Y
Ua AdG T M ,QGh dG FHR
SGh FHdG e fG ``jO``MCG Od
e H ej dG eG FGQBG EG
d `è``G ``g jJ CH JMeh
Ua ```G T ```c ,``à````G ```J``L````MG
G dG Gh QG jd jCG
``dGh 2012 ```d z``f``j``G{ `è``f``H ``FG``Lh
e eGe AL ``dGh dG Gg jGH TJ
eh z``j``G ``` J ``` f``` eE` H{ I``j``G `` jDh`` dG
MdG e eY 30 Qh e H MG
dG I`` FGQ ```d`è `````SD``c GR`` ` EGh
ae b GP eh eN J Gh
.dG e eGh FHdG ad
jG ``bh``` G ````S ``H G``` Y `` ` `VhCGh
H ````S``dGh ````NG``dG a `````bEG
g ``` G G`` g `````J `` e `` ` dG CG ````è
dG G FGT ac e UGdG jJ
Gh `è``Gh GG H jJh
CG G``cD` e .````è ```H ``è```j ``` dG I``j``G
G eGdG e j dG Gd zfjG{ efH
bh ,`à``` dGh Q`` `NOG ```è ``j```J ``
e VG GdG N efdG
``g```Sh e H ``F``HR `è ``j```dG `` MCG
IjG ``b```fG `èh aCd JM J
MdG `è ``j`è `è``f``dG UGS
Ie ``FG``L J ```dG G``g CGh UN
g J c ,Y jQ je 6 EG J
.dG a Y FGG
jDhdG - e
eG M FGQBGh JMe EG SGh

d Lc dG ej ```dG Gh
. z``j``G ```J ```f``èE`H{ I``j``G ````dG `` jDhQ
dG AG``LE` H ````dG ``b AG``` dG ```M `` Nh
QH ``dPh ,fjG FGL Y YSCG
e Heh IQKEG Sh G jYG ac
He Y GUM jdG QG L b
a ,```T``è H dG AG`` LEG Y
SCG c Y jQ dCG 30 e J
100 ```` ``````j ``j``dG ``F``H``dG `à```d
j H JHM T I Y jQ
e a d jQ BG 3 Fa g
a J ddGh dG a
Y ``jQ BG 3 I``F``L Jh
. jR M fHd
MCG ``H `````S `` ` YCG ``` ` S``` G ``` Hh
k Y 16`dG cG EG J dG
fhdEG cQG TDe
bhG fJ - e
eG jJ dPh ;fhdEG cQG Qe kY 16`dG cG dG M
kjM QOdGh ,zQd fhdEG eG{ QT dG Gg j dGh fhdEG
Gg Q```TCG c ,2010 jJ 76`` dG JG fc CG H ,2012 d IG CG ``Y
eG `è``G J `` dG M ``dG QdG EG VH jdG
RGMEG Y KCG e gh ,G Gg eG J dG LdG SdGh ,fhdEG
ce 18 ee ,jdG T Y ``dhO 193 H e kY 64`` dG Jd dG
SOdG cG dG M c ,kY 82`dG JG fc M ;2010 Y Y aCd
.jdG f HY
;fhdEG eG eG J k M dG CG jdG VhCG c
EG jdG QTCG c , 2010 dG Y ce 20`H ee 35`dG cG dG RMCG M
HGdG MG % 57 f Y M M ;G Gg dG M dG QdG
MG J ``gh eG eG ``HQ GY dG eG J MGe e
.jG dG Y OYH eG J S YCG
GTDG gCG e eY c Qj dG fhdEG ed IG CG jJ jh
ih ,ffEG Y eG eG dG hO R dG dG J dG
YGdG SSCG dGh IaG JG eN Jh ,fhdEG cQG Yfh
.WdG GQdG AHh ,bdG d
hP e Sd fhdEG eG aJ Y jG Y ``fCG EG jdG QTCGh
hdG e J Y S Ea ,UG LMEG hPh G jdG GQdG
,dG g b e ed gDe fhdEG bGe e eJ fG Gg G
eG Sh OL Y jG j eY dEG Qj dG CG EG jdG QTCG c
fhdEG bGe j c ,fhdEG eG he eb H Gdd
..JJh ,H a :e ;YLG UGdG d Me OLh SdG
dG CG 2012 d IG CG Y fhdEG eG jJ YGh .``g``Zh
c ,dG JdG Y eG eG H J dG dhO 25 V e J
;UG d eG bGe UN b aH J ``dhO 14 V `è ```fCG
fCG jdG cCGh ,jG Z hCG eCG hCG dG Qc hCG WCG hCG AdG fc AGS
jd eG J J eG J dG YdG Y jd JCf eY
WGd eG e eG eG Jh eG eG e WGG YJ
YOh eG J d IQGOEG f Jh dG dG IAc d Gh
,G Gg VGh OL e d ;Y S cf CG H fEa ,eGG dG
YJ eG ```dG hO GO```b bc J dG IO```b CG EG jdG Q```TCG c
- G S H SHb dG dG MU c dP Y ddGh ..LdG Gg
eG eG jd SDG I``YOh 2008 Y Y - ``YQh G M
je d IG dG d YOh dG IOb gG fhdEG
. IG Jh ObG dG e
SGG a dG e IOSG ed ``fCG EG jdG Q```TCG c
dG jW Y eG J jd ;MdG ILCGh cdG JGdGh dG
bGG M e jH he dP eCG eh ;dG j e Ggh ,WGd
dch ,Gh WGd eN J JGdG J Y c dG FSdG Y
.dG G dG J Pc dG Y S HGH
d dG FdG jRdG S H S QcdG b ,RG Gg Y Jh
J `` dG M dG Fd dGh IOdH f{ :eG J
SSCG Vh Y UM Y J HK H J dG CG cDJ dGh ,eG
Y kFb dP H j e c d ;``bh HK H dG WdG hG Gd
.zhG Gg J YJ dG GQdGh feEG e U VQCG
fhdEG eG eG J TD AJQG Gc GR dG{ :VCGh
aH EG j G``gh ,jdG GQdG AHh JG J SSCG dGh
. UNG M c eG SDG e OG
fh ,bdG Y IQOe GREG e jG d f :jRdG OSGh
.WdG REG Gg gS dG eG SDG c
```j `` dG `è``f``dG ``FG``Lh G````

c ,Y jQ je 6 EG J Ie FGL
dG G e Yd Ua T AdG CG
Gh IdG ``bhCG H SdG cQeh
IFGdG dG SDG e H GNDe f

QGh dG FHd AG``Z M dG
efH TJ S dPh ,NGdG a
Gg J ``JC`jh .```dG Gd ``j``G z``f``j``G{
e ``Y````dG ````dG a `è A``` c ``` G
AL FHdH Add Uah dG G
GQM G T M ,QhdGh dH e
IS `` bhCG A`````H SG G``` ``j``g```L
bdGh UGdG i`è ``cD`J ,FY AG`` LCG
``` ` dG `````G OG`` ` aCGh ``` ` dG ``H I``` G
QH ``` G ``` `` bh ,``` ` NG``dG ``` a``
UN e J M , AdGh WCG
G Gg J e dG jh d h
j dGh 2012 d zfjG{ efH AMG
aVEG ,dG QNOGh ad efH RHCG
jJh dG ``F``HRh QH A````dG EG
ObG
G S
dG N YSCG SG YCG jh dCJ j TDG
````YEG j e S :zHdG Y jJ {
O```dG ```MQ UG``` I``c `b```è Y
S jM e G``gCG I``Y EG
d dG ``N `è G dG
YGdG J jW Y edG adG
EG `à```VE``H ```dh``dGh G aG
AdG d cG dG e hdG
.Yh bEG `è cc dG Y
dG ``j```J IO`` jR EG G Jh
SQG aCG J N e G
k a
G jQdG eGH jJh YO Y
.G dG dG IOYEGh
qfCG `` ,jG hG`` J Hh
S Y UG dG KCG ASG H
H HdG ````SCG ``N e H
bh O``Y `è ``c S ..Q ```è 0^43
Y %60^5 h %134^5 H G hGdG
QfC dG S fh .GdG
dG ``j``` G ``FG``` dG `````H ``j```````G
dhdG O`````b I``` G ``d``Gh ej
QSG SG ,d IG IdGh
EG NdH LCGh G SDG
FGdG GP ````SCG Y ``j``c`è ````dG
AGT `````Y ``` U `````èh ``` ` J``G
..Q e 3^44 H
k SG ,YSCG dG dG h
Mf HdG SCG Y Jbd
TDG Ud M fTCG dGh UJ
YdG ie) f 5,790 ie EG
fEa `èO``` dG I``` dG `` `Nh .(`` j`` G
je EG ``` JQG ``jQG`````SG ``b```f
dG TDG CG Mf ka .f 5,920
IdG g CG Mfh ,IYU Ib j
OdG `` `G `è ``j``b `````H ```
S `` ` `JQG `` CG ``M``j G`` gh
d CG ```H``bh ``H ,IOh``
.HQCG L
qfCG EG jdG fdG ``MCG Jh
TDG JQG dG Gg e jGa T N
ie EG T SSCG Y %4^97 H
hGdG MCG fG h f 5,837^66
hGdG b JQG ``M %8 H
89^5 EG T SSCG Y %13^41 H
jOdG ``c````dG ``YO H .Q ```è
,ed ``` ` ` ` dG ,``` ` ` e ``` H ``` e
EG `à```VE``H h``` Gh Sd Q````L
gS c .JGh SCG cT
IdGh fo dG cd `` HQCG ``FG``Y
jG QfCG L d IG
J EG iOCG ``f``LCGh G
He .Q e 27^6 b AGdG Y
.Q e 24^3 H H
J fdG IYb qCG jdG VhCGh
M JjRd G cdG O``Y H
YEH eb cT 38 e cT 54 BG
YCG ``M ``` a ``j``` f ``` jR``J ``Y
cT 13h S jRJ Y cT K
f Sh jf jRJ Y YCG
.bdG
d jdG jRdG Sh G``g
e EG %7^8 H YJQG BG M G
fQH 2011 d .Q e 97^1 b
S M 2010 d .Q e 90^1 e
jRdG kW kVfG eG b
137^4 EG %0^9 H BG M jdG
.Q ```è 138^7 `è ``fQ``` e .Q ```è
jdG jRdG eCq G .2010 Y S
LGJ ````à ``Y`````dG ````d `````G
2011 d .Q e 43^9 EG %21^4 H
.2010 ``` d .Q ``` ` e 55^9 `è ``fQ``` e
jRJ LGd FdG dG ``c ``bh
cT jRJ VfG g YdG b
.SCd jQ
UN -jDhdG
G ```H```jEG Q``` NCG H O```Ù

Y ```Yo SCG cT ``YE`c JcH
CG H cd hCG ```dG J IO`` YEG
QGd HSG ;Ib I```d e ``c
.NG hD```dGh dG IQGRh ``Y QO``Ù
dG j ,Y Hh fCG jdG iCGQh
dG G``` TD` G qCG ``` M I``` L `èG``` H
dG ``è e ````ÙCG ``jO`````bG
JQGh ,``` LEG ````G ````d ``` G
d bG b IOYh ,dG QSCG
VEG `````dG G EG `à```VE``H
efH Yd Y jQ e 40
S `` ` `dGh ,`` Y`` ` ` LG `` ` `` `SEG
,SCG b cT Y Te H
dG ```M `è ```J````è ````T ``` dGh
SCG qCG c .HdG IdG N
Nh .I```L ``FG``Y ```J ``c````dG ``g
J `èG```dG ``g L CG EG jdG
Nh .``` ` ` SCG ````d ```H```jEG IQ``` U
SCG cT S e c ZCG SCG
JQG Y SCd jQ cTh Y
.GdG Y %6^7h %10^5 f YSCG
z G{h z eG{ JQG
H jJ `q `H `è``G ```TDè ``Mh

%4^14 H YJQG S fCG HdG Y
2,706^23 ie EG YSCG SSCG Y
e YH (2011 je e d YCG) f
Sh ``fG``G `è``N SDe cT S
G cT S h ed dG cT
cT S ch .dG G jd
YCG G S b fGG eN SDe
Y cdG YEG j edG Sd
d d dG dGh jdG JjRJ
Y jh %18^3 H YSCG Se
b cdG fch .d ..Q 0^518 S
e %50 H jf HQCG jRJ Y YCG
.2011 d aG G SCGQ
IQGOEG ``ÙhCG ,i`` NCG Mf `èh
G SCGQ IOjH ed dG cT
GS QGUEG N e .Q e 40 gQb
EG jd Hb ,e I``F`à h``H
LG Y aGG J CG Y SCG
.cd jOdG Z edG d G
IYe IO``j``dG ``g C``T `è C` H fh
G N QGSG cdG
EG IQ``` TEG Q``h .```d````SCG``dG d
Y ``N `` HQCG C` H `Ù``J cdG qCG
AGOCG V EG O``j ``b ``dG `èCG 2011
.VG dG N cd dG
SCG QNCG gCG
YJQG S a G dG TDe eCq G
H GjEG GOT Qj cG dG
Y d YSCG SSCG Y %3^15 H
.Q e 319 e ``d ``` YCG) f 6,536^57 ie
SCG e YH (2011 Y dj T jf
%15 Y PJ fdG dG cT
dJdG jQ cT e EG aVEG jQSGh HdG cdG
.e H S
J ``````dG ``Z ```````dG GQO`` ` U
dG L
2011 .Q H 3^6 EG %47 H
kG `````j ``` LEG ````G ``` dG VG SCG N qfCG jdG Hh
.VG S jH %23^3 H J dGh fo dG dG L AfEG
S AGOCG ``M YSCG jdG f

SCG `` `N ``` d``G GQhC` ` ` `d ``` ` ` e
LG `è IOSH jG ,VG
d dGh kdM G OJ dG HjEG
ODj G dG Y Te KCJ
jQSG UdG e jdG aJ EG
d HdG GP cd UN HPG
c .SCG Y Je FGY J dGh
FGdG bGe IQhH jG UhCG
H ``j``NBG ,`````G ``c````dG ````SCG ```Y
dH ````LCG ````gG ``jG``J Q````YG
.cdG jRJ H d ddG IOYh
G ``` S`è qCG ``j``` ` dG `q ` ` `Hh
J ```````S ``c``` ` ` d ``` e``` ` dG
e ``dGh ````dG jQSG ``c``G
.IjL je j CG bG
d ```dG ```TD`G qCG jdG ``` VhCGh
Se YCG S dG GQhC` d e
e `` G ``` dG `` N ``d ```Y````SCG
YSCG SSCG Y %2^55 H YJQG
YCG ``gh ,f 5841^8 ie EG
dj ``j```f ``è ``d `` `ZEG i````è
AGOCG G``g ``` eG ``bh .2011 ``Y `è
YdG G```TD`G L Y G
e Jje YCG Y ZCG dGh
Nh .2011 ``Y `è ``d```dG ``H``dG
HdG{ ```TDè S f ````SCG
d %2^26 H YJQG z20 Yo
H f 1,039^31 ie ```Y
c ..Q e 20^82 H hG`` J
TDe ,`````f ``` ` SCG `` Nh S
H k` Y``` JQG z50 N ``H``` dG{
1,010^22 ie Y d %2^00
.f
``` d `` ` fCG EG ``j``` ` dG Q`` `` ` TCGh
cT S e c REG Gg
SCGh h`` `` ` Gh ```S`````d Q``` ` L
dG cT Sh SCG cT
gG ``jG``J EG ``` a .`è``` ` d
e hG````d ``j `` NBG jG
AGVCG ``````Jh ,``` V``G ``` ` SCG
eSdG GP ``c````dG ``` ` SCG ```Y
G ``c``` ` dG ``` e I``` ` ` dG
dhdG cdGh QSG `è``
cT EG aVEG dG GQSd
dGh HdG QSd G Y
IFdG HjEG dG e OSG
a ``` ` ` ` dGh `` ` `` `dG
.JGQSGh
j jdG
bG jG
SCG Y FGdG
G cdG
UdG e jdG aJ
HPG jQSG
GP cd UN
d HdG
LCG gG jGJ
d ddG IOYh dH
cdG jRJ H
Y G e 2012 Y e jT hCG
Y `` jQ ```è 160 H ````b``è
GAdG b e jb e gh
k ec 2011 ``Y ``c`````d ```è ``` dG
,
,Y jQ e 170 OhH fc dGh
28 ) IG bG Y ``YEG ``j h
M ``` YCG ``c````dG ````S ````S (``jG`à
k e 2010 `à``f e ``d `è``j hG`` J
.Y jQ e 2^1
SCG b OU
UGh SCG b qCG jdG VhCGh
h J Ic be Y cdG
MG{ ``j````dG ``H```G ```W```dG ``j``W
..Q e 139 H zhCG
be Y YEG CG qEG jdG bh
bdG ``` ` dG ``L``` ` j `` e `` g I``` c
Sd Q````L ``c```T ``d``M h ,`` G
GdG J bG ``g qE` a h``` Gh
G O`` ` `` `` `bG `` ` YO `` ` `` e`` ` `G
dG eCG gh ;G hG cTh
AGOCG M eRdG dG jd aj
cdG qCG cj .G cdG
cdG Ff
jG EG LH dG qCG jdG Hh
``jQ``` Jh ``` Y``` dG `` `f`` `YEG `è
G NdG Y G H IQGOG
EG `` bh ,``j```````G Q`` ` fCG ``` ` ` ` SGh
G SCG N S dG dG
q
cdG `` YEG `è `````FQ `````H mC` ` e
d ``jQ``` Jh ``` d``G ``` ` FG``b `è``` d
dG ``` ` b``` G EG `à``` VEG ,`` `` ` JQGOEG
hGh Sd QL cT EG IG
ie ``` YCG EG ``c````dG ````S `àQ ``
bG M jGJh 2011 ZCG e
Jf ``` Y ``j``` ` dG `` ` `HCGh .``` e``` G
iG Gg Y G IQhH G
``` H ````b```Gh `` f`` YEG `è
Jje EG `` JO`` Yh ``` ` dG QG``` ` ` SG
qCG jdG O`àCGh .IG dG
G dG j YdG GTDG
Y ZCG ``dG YdG b TDe AGOCG
2011 Y e ZCG e d ie YCG
k ```èh ````f 6346^5 ```Y
AGOCG ``` ` aCG
Y dPh %5^41 f JQH d YSCG
cT S M dG dG AGOCG N
cT ````SCGh h``` Gh Sd QL
HdG ``Y```Ù ``c```T ````Sh ``` ` ` SCG
d I``j``G cT Sh fo dG
Sd QL cT S ch .jjG
jG ``` ` gG `` L ``b h`` ` `Gh
YSCG Se cdG g
M `````N ```Y `` dPh %13^6 ``````H
ObG
hO S
AGOCG j```````J
zjS hh{
hCG g Y jeCG SCG ZCG
d ```j``g `è```J ``c``M ```H ````G ``èCG
GSfh 500-RQ`` ` H ``fG OQ``f````S ``` TD` e
HSCG d YSCG IOjR eK S
.VG dG
SC YdG fL hGO TDe fGh
`` ZEG ```Y i``` dG ``` ` j`èCG ``c````dG
EG d H 0^02 Oj e hCG f 2^73
.f 12977^57
ShCG 500 RQH fG OQfS TDe gh
e ``` ``H 0^32 hCG ````f 4^46 ``b``` f
.f 1369^63
J ``dG ````G G```S``f ```TDè ``fh
f 12Q 78 LddG cT SCG Y
.f 2976^19 G H 0^43 hCG
fL hGO g VG SCG ie Yh
500 -RQ``H ``fG OQfS Uh G 0^05
0^4 G```S``f ``` JQGh ``F``G 0^3 H
.G
QG```````SG
HhQhCG SCG
`` ` `HhQhCG ``` ` SCG ````J ```J
````G ``` eCG hCG `è````dG ```N
CG e ZdG Y ,jg eJ cM
dG eb dG NdG VhdG
YO ``` Y ``Y``` S `` ` ` HhQhCG `` c`` G
J CG bG eh ,dG SCG
SCG eJ jGH e dG YO
cS ``` TD` e `` ` `ZCGh.G`` Z Q`` ` G
0^6 Je dG SC 600 hQ``j
.H
`` HhQhCG ``ÙQ``H edG jHh
H 300 ``` S`àhQ``j ``` TD` e ```Ù
ie YCG 1087^08 EG H 0^03
JQG ```TD`G ``ch .``jG`à 21 e ``d
.HdG G G 1^1
SCG ``` a `` `` `G ``` ` dG `` `ch
IOjR gG cCG eCdG cT
eCdG ``c``` T ````S `` ` JQGh .``` TD` G
bh G 3^2 ``L.G.G jddG
.G.``H fdG QSG H S
H S ```ZCGh G 1^5 jQH ``H
.G 2^2 Je jdG cQH
ja TDe ``f `` HhQhCG A```fCG h
cGO ``` TD` eh ``` j``dG 100 ````J
JQG H H 0^3 gc `` G
.H 0^1 fdG 40 c TDe
SCG ``` ` ` ` jG ``` TD` e `` ` `JQGh
-G.`` SG.`` H ``` TD` e ``` bh ``` G 0^2
TDe OGRh ``F``G 0^5 ```J``dG 20
.G 0^4 jEG e Ja
jGa N dhGG SCd dLEG dG JQG
2008 S e ie YC %0^9 jOdG UQdG OU

SdG d OU ,bdG dG M e Qe
gh ``jQ 80^75 EG %2 e cCH kJe GdG Y
"jJ" S QJh .2011 jj e ie YCG
G idG dH ```HG``dG ````SCG "jY"h
S ``K ,G```dG Y ``jQ 36^30h 55 Y d H
Sh ,jQ 110^25 EG %9^9 H kJe "fdG"
H .jQ 40^10 EG %9^8 H "eCd IG"
%6 kLGe "feCG" S ,ISG SCG QJ
EG %3^5 H "U" S ``J ,`` jQ 19^15 EG
50 EG %2^4 H "jQd G" K ``jQ 27^50
,"dG" IGQH ,kYb 12 GTDe JQG c .jQ
%1^73 H "YdG QSG" J ,%2^7 H
"QG" Se Hh .%1^72 H "eCdG" K
,dG LQG YdG cCG ,"jhchdG"h
Yb 3 G``` TD` e ```LG``J ``H```G .%0^6 h 1^2
dG" J ,%0^6 H "dGh YEG" IQGH
.%0^11 H "YGQdG" K %0^15 H "AdGh
dhGG SCd dLEG dG H ,``dP EG
210^03 VG jGa N jOdG dG dG
jj hG`` J ``Y %35^16 Q``b ```JQ``H ,`` jQ Q```è
N e f ,jQ Qe 155^40 H dGh VG
SCG S Y QOU jJ bh .U e 4^31
193^77 H OGaCG e EG eCG "hGJ" OdG
,dG Y L e (%92^3) H CG jQ Qe
CG ``jQ Q```è 188^38 H ``à AG````dG Y `èCG
.dG Y L e (%89^7) H
cdG - VjdG
eCG hG`` J ``jO`````dG d ```dG ```TD`G ```fCG
e hCG Id f 7300 `dG ie kGRhe ,dG
.2008 S NGhCG dG dG eRCG
f 64^39 OJ %0^89 H kJe TDG ZCGh
CG kGT 41 a ``ZEG YCG ``gh ,f 7336^21 Y
k UGe ,2008 S 28 e
jOG d OU
,```dG TDG ```JQG e eGJ .G```dG Y Y
fQe ``jQ Qe 11^4 EG d dLEG dG
VG A``` HQCG ``j L ``N ``jQ Qe 11 H
533^5 EG hG`` ` dG ``` MCG ````JQG ```c ,%4 IO``j``H
Hh ,%12^6 H S e 473^7 He S e
OY Hh ,U dCG 221^6 e cCG dG LEG
e JQG cT 150 Y hG```dG dG cdG
J hO `è SGh 39 Q````SCG ```LG``Jh cT 95
Wf ,"AEG" S UGhh .cT 16 SCG QSCG
dGh dH dhGG SCG f kGQe ,idG
HcCG e cCG g e hGH ,fdG d
jQ Q```è 1^4 H S ```è 110^5 H 2008
ie YCG ``gh ``jQ 12^90 EG %4^8 H Je
OU k` ` ` jCG ``d``H ``` UG``` dh ,k` ` j``` J `è``Y ``` e
-"HS" S SGh .GdG Y SOdG d
Y -bdG dG M e LQG cdG ``cCG
e 496 H hGH ,cj J hO jQ 101^50
H ``cCG ,```LG``dG e S ``ÙGh H ,`` jQ
jJ
cdG Fd jG bJ ZQ jdG UQd HjEG AGOCG

jdG Y f dG jdG HQGh AGdG Y e YH dPh
SG ``dG QSG b Sh YdG e SCG `è
aG ddG e Ic f Y PGSH JQG f dG IOb
.YdG bH e fQH
e O``Y Y dG IO``Y `è VGh YO d dG CG EG Q```TCGh
Yh FGT i``b T dGh LQG jQSG eG
J CG b ``dPh ,VG SCG L e hCG G UN
.Se H JaCG dP H HQCG L Y
TDe AGOCG Y UN H dG b V QGSG OLh Mh
H JT dG dG Y ``KEG VGh LGJ T M ,dG
bCG c dG RdG TDG Sh jTDG AGOCG Y S KCG SCG
.YSCG iG Y dG f e Se
VG SCG L Y e INCG dG hGJ CG EG dh
H dG J J e IOY M ,dG AGOCG jJ GQhO d
.dG TDe Y HjEG fG FfG AGdG
H JQG dG GQhC`d jdG d dSCGdG dG CG cPh
jH Q``` jO Q```è 28Q7 EG d ```V``G ``` ` SCG ``N ```G 0Q46
dG Yb e d dSCGdG dG M ,SCG hG``J
.bdG Yd LGJ a fdG
eY hg YEG
e T Qe : edG SCG
jOH: G
85364257 :G bQ
2012/3/1: hdG jQJ
gdG jdG eQ: dG SG
jfdG dhDG j edG Gg H j e c
idG IQGRh i``d ``YG G``g U dG ed j
2012/3/4 jQJ e YSG N edG
cdG - jdG
UGh dG GQhC` d jdG S CG e ObG jJ ``cP
HjEG AGOCG J d WdG OYCG Y AfG H Wf
.HSCG IY e j dG
eJ fCG dG EG jdG "QSd H" cT jJ bh
G e a L K Y JhGJ bG dG VG SCG
e Y FGdG idG IS QGSG Sh FdG jTDe
a QdGh QSc IdG SCG J dG J UN YdG
EG iOCG e jW Ia e jdG HQG a gS dG YdG Y
dM QGSG ZQ AGOCG Gg b dG CG EG QTCGh.FGOCG HHJ QX
d LQG cdG Fd dhGG Qf f gj dG bdG
205 LEG e G 28 J G cdG f CG UN 2011
MG ffdG G K e cCG Qhe e ZdG Y LQe cT
.TCG KK ddGh dG JfH Y d cd
Uh G j e M G cdG OY CG jdG VhCGh
G 20Q9 f LGHh QjO Qe 1Q5 Qj e cT 58 G
.2010 d cdG f Ff Y
jTD Se e VG SCG hG``J fCG dG EG ``bh
dG QSCH j jeCG dG OU
.QSCG Jh GSCG b j
YGPEG ``jQ```J ``g Q````SCG Y ``KD`G `è```dG ``ch
HfCG N QfG bh Y fGjEG YEG FSh
IM ``à ``jG```J ``bh ``j````dG A`` Lh .``jO`````dG
.FMh IG jdGh GjG H JdG
V I``j``L ``H```Y I````G ``j``dG ```V`à ``bh
YCG H ,```fG``jEG dG GQO``Ù J GW
.G``jEG dG GQO``` U Y GM `` HhQhCG O``G
gh `è``g ````è ``ZE` H G`` `jEG O`` g ````f``L `èh
jG Va ```dG Q``b GPEG G d M jW
GJdG `` g `` c EG ``` ` `` `bh .``H``` ` dG `` e
OGR ``bh dG GOG`` eEG CH dG e AG``LCG N
hdG `` cCG `èh .h``` G ``g `è I`` NCG ``jQ````dG
dG e jSBG h``dG G``jEG d IOQG
e ``H```S ``bh h .```H```G ``jQ``ch ````dGh ``H```dGh
jL KJ jeCG fGG jRh QGR QG dG
Hd jCH YbE dh HdGh dG
hdG bJ GPEG fEG e h LJ dh .jeCG
iNCG hd S fa ,GjG dG OGSG Y
JQG EG OD``S `` ,J d d G
RjhQ - Qjf
HGb jeCG G d LBG OdG QSCG g
e hG QfG e G eCG hCG G KG
jM Y AfCG f CG H jOdG GOG`èG QJ
e VCG ``dG `èCG ,Qh``dG JQG eh HfCG N
dG e GN TCG UCG Y jG bEG
.iNCG dhCG dGh
f jQdG Qjf UQH edG jHh
G ``` j`èCG `` G ````dG O``` Y ````S `````fG
FG 1^97 hCG QhO 2^14 jdG Y jHCG d
S g SCG ie Yh .ed QhO 106^70 EG
jdG S e G 2^8 hCG QhO 3^07 jeCG G
S fG d h .jGa e 24 QhO 109^77
QhO 2^55 jdG Y jHG d fH f OY
ie Yh .ed QhO 123^65 EG FG 2^02 hCG
G 1^45 hG QhO 1^82 fH N S g SCG
.jGa e 24 QhO 125^47 jdG S e
GMCG CG g BG dG GSCG LGJ dG Gh
````dGh ``V```dG ```Y ``KD` J ``b h`` dG `è O``Y
HQCG YCG jG UQdG

jGa N jQJ jT
cdG - IgdG
Qe 42 Rh VG jGa T N Sb Se ,jG UQdG M
jQJ T ``HQCG e YCG gh ,(L 6^03 hj Qh``dG) L
dfG MG AfG H G HjEG eGdG `è jdH eYe
UN ,cdH G HjEG AfCG e jdG AGOCG Gg e eGJh .OdG
cT YEGh ,zHe{ G dG e jG cdG H U AfCG
Yb Od ,je GQY cT Y PGSG eGYG Y jdG zIh``H{
FdG UQdG TDe ```JQGh .dG ``N dG f GQ````dGh JG
M jT OU f YCG ,%15 H 30 cEG.L.EG dG SCd
N L Qe 42 SCG ch .1998 Y TJ e jGa T N TDG
H H ,L Qe 386^7 EG SCd bdG ``G ``SCGQ d ,VG dG
SC dG UQH CG EG jdG QTCGh .L Qe 13^8 f hGdG b LEG
H hGJ ch ,L e 19^4 hGJ b S SGh IdG cdG
PSGh .%6^7 f Gd hGdG b e M ,de ``bQh e 5^2
b e M ,IQG ``NGO hG```dG b ```LEG e % 23^93 Y SCG
%77^72 f jG eJ Sh ,dG N %6^77 f Gd hGdG
%16^08 f Y dG Z ``f``LCG PSG H ,dG eJ ```LEG e
.dG OSG H ,%6^20 Y dGh
Qh```dG TfG e Y````SCG SSCG Y %3^5 ``j gdG

RjhQ -d -Qjf
d QhdG TfG e G eCG hCG eJ jH gdG QSCG LGJ
LGdG e j VY dG G Xh dG Gg d YSCG g cCG gdG
.jG K SCG e HS bh Wg g CG H
G 0^3 e bhCd QhO 1711^60 gdG S H jQdG eG h
e SCG gdG Nh .Qjf HdG dG ``ZEG Y Ge Y
.jO e e d YSCG LGJ cCG gh G 3^5
gdG OY S H f jQdG Qjf UQH e ec b h
.QhO 12^40 e bhCd QhO 1709^80 jdG Y jHCG d
e OGR HhQhCG cG dG e dG ddG V Y EG bh
.GFY YCG UCG je jd hQdG GSG HPL
a H 0^4 N bh bhCd QhO 1693^99 EG H 0^1 JdG LGJh
.b e
1^6 dG g H ,bhCd QhO 707^25 EG H GMGh jOdG gh
.bhCd QhO 34^86 EG H
ObG
10
hO
fRGG Y N bNEG J fSCG
T e 16^9 EG hQdG hO Y Y MdG OGYCG JQG

.2012 jGH hQdG e SG dG e
jGa W H G QSCG JQG a
He G 2^7 hQdG e dG e d
AMEd HhQhCG dcdG dbh .jj G 2^6
e ``NGO O`````bG DWdG" EG "ShQj"
JQG EGh ,dG QSCG J N YS hQdG
.dG LGJ e q M dG QSCG
NGQ fjQe SCG AGQRdG FQ YCG dP EG
fRGG dG N Y S O``H eM CG
G ``` dG `è ``` ``H 5Q8 G 2012 ``` d `è``` dG
.HS bh IQG H 4Q4 e H a LEG
db ``NGQ Y SdG SCG jdG fh
HhQhCG OG IOb b eg Y U De
dGh QGSG e j ``dP qEG chH
g ``` S``` SCG ``` dG qC `` ` HhQhG O````H `Ù``G
Y jf H H ``K``K f EG dG N
SCG ObG Y KDj d dP qCG VhCGh .2013
qC dhdG GSCG f j Y OH IQb hCG
dG GAG``LEG L JG fSCG eG
dG dG e ``Gh ,edG dG G
Y ``F``Xh `à``Jh ,````SCG ObG `` h
H b fSCG edG fRGG dG ch .IjL
e 2011 Y Od LEG G dG e H 8Q5
e IOG H S H fQe Ic IO``jR
H c CG H dPh HdG cGTG eG b
.2010 Y H 9Q 2
cdG -chH
Y Y MdG e qCG HhQhCG fH XCG
kSb kbQ Sh
q JQG SG hQdG e hO
.VG jj T kGjL
dhO IY S Y Y MdG qe Uhh
T G 10^7 EG hQdG IMG dG J
jO T fH LGe `` H VG jj
.G 10^6 Hh
`` ` ` ` ` HhQhCG GA`` ` ` ` `` ` `MEG ``` ` e `` f`` ` `H `` ` `` `Jh
NGO Y Y MH e 16^9 OLh EG "ShQj"
.hQdG hO
e EG djEG WdG AMEG dch dbh
jj T ```JQG ``dh``dG ``g Y ``Y MdG
k e
e djEG ```YCG ```G ``gh G 9^2
Y MdG e ch .jdG fdH dG AH
.jO T G 8^9 S
q b g Y
Y Md ``è ```YCG MU fSCG ``q `Xh
.G 23^3 hQdG e WEG Y Y
e ``bCG Sh
q be Y dG aM H
.G 4 Y Y Y d
S e G ``HhQhCG O``G h``d dH `èq CG
G 10^1 Y Y dG f a kGY jYh
Y MdG OY Ea ShQj Mh .VG jj
.T e 24 f H HhQhCG OG Y
CG "ShQj" ``` VhCG ,`` NBG O`````bG ```TDè h
jdG OGS Y J bJh ..fd FG dG J zjOe{

.fdG dG jdG GS
e S ``f```dG ``jO `` eRCG Jh
,`` `HhQhCG ````G d ``MO```dG ``F````G
fa HQhCG QG cCG e OY ch
jdH FN Y Hh fjHh fCGh
.ffj Vhb b N AG``L hQdG e
hQdG `è GQ```è `` `HhQhCG Q```è `````Th
.ffdG eG ``Vh```dGh GdG `è
FGO `è KCG ```dEG UJ ```JG ``L``h
M ``````è `è %74 ```````S kG`` ND` è
dJ hQdG e Qe GJ h .GdG
Y jh .dUCG Jh dG eRCG QKBG
dG e H hQ``j Qe 115 aJ CG
.e G``g CG `è ```J``fRG`è d
FdH S O`````bG Q``g``J CG ```d
.eCG Gg REG e jh
cdG -TGh
d ```c`èCG ``jO`è ``d``ch N
,"S" EG "jCG S" e fdG J G
WEG H AL QGdG Gg CG ,"jOe" cCGh
dG ,fdG dG jdG g IO``YEG N
%70 `è ``cCG IQ`````H ``L``j CG ``b```G `è
.dG g S jdG jd
FGd "S" J ``d``c``dG ````Jh
OGS ``Y dG T Y gJ ``j``dG
.fjO
jdG O``` J Y qCG ``jO`è ``` ` VhCGh
e FGd ffdG eG MJ dG
kjQhV M j dGh ,UG dG
aVEG de IYe KCG AYEH" d
"OGS ``Y kJ" S ;"hQdG
```jeCG dG `b Y J ````J zHhCG{ : ehQ SFdG TG Qe

I````G ``j``dG J I`è ``c " ``g ``` VCGh
HhCG aJ fdG ``M e dG YU
dG ``G hO Q````SCG J PEG ```b```Jh ,``` fEG
."aG e fh
kGe ,"BG H ``dP Gj CG " HJh
fq CGh LGJ ``HhCG h``d G Z bdG qCG EG
HhCG f d" j eh .IjL GSCG Y J
LSh k`jQh```V f S .k f ``
."iNCG hOh dGh dG
Id ``` j`èCG ````dG ``` fEG `è````j I``j``L f

dG YU LQ g bh .jW GS e hCG
GPEGh .dM f cM K" egchCG e OdG
``JG``dG A````cG f CG ``b``è VJ
AGK jeCG cCG H 33 JG g jh ."bdG
fc cd dG FdG gh HQa H
dG bdG ja e dG Y jh SQjQ
j ``dG `è``HhCG GQ``H jeCG FdG Y j
.IQGdG EG jdG bdG ad L iQb
RjhQ -TGh
QG TG ehQ e Q```NG jOQe ``b
IQG d jeCG SFdG HfG G
b Y ``HhCG e g qEG ,bdG d
.J CG TJ jeCG dG
IQG G````dG e ``g ``dhQ``g JG CG Sh
d .jeCG dG YU "J" fq CH hd
ac Ob dG aCG G e dSCG QJ e
QhO e 850 H ``` Vb Y bJ JGQ``èEG zjEG{

VdG G``g ``N `è ````jG ``` Jh .(QhO ```è
Jeh QhO e 850 b ``V``b ``j`` IO``YE` H
q h ,2009 ``Y ````T ``jG`à ````bh G`` YCG ``K``K
jhG cT G 17^6 M AGT eGSG

GHH Y d RdGh d cT ``gh TS
.IjG Z
300 Q``b I``F`à eg j ``V```dG ``dP ``ch
eHCG dG VhdG ``FGhCG e ``gh .SSCG f
.RQPGH d QfG H G
T J dG dG H KCG e gh SSCG f
.dG Ife e ddG
bdGh I``` G ``f```G qEG ```d```H G``cQ``` ` SGh
IQeE jOdG IhdG hU gh - cd jdG
.dEG dG IfG GLG e e -XHG
H ``V``` dG ``` J Q``` N qEG ``à````G `` bh
fCGh ,Qh``dG dJ JQG LGJ dG dG YS
q
170 H jT EG VdG J jdG
667) hQ``j je 505 H jTh QhO e
RjhQ -d
dhdG GQ``````SG ``c```T EG ae ``b
Vb Y bh X HG (jG) dhdG
FdG e QhO e 850 bh GYCG KK Je
jQH ``H.G.``Hh ``cQ``H ``gh ;``V```dG JJ Y
.d je jeG hG Hh
jdG IO``YEG Vb EG db aG VCGh
k eT kGJ j
100 HGb j IFa eH
b J "H H"
He dG dG
QhO Qe 7^8
H) "dhH jH" cT UJ
QhO Qe 7^8 H jJ JG EG (H
N dG dG b YG e
.IG jdH G
q W qEG eCG "EG EG S" T ``cPh
,jJ ``` JG EG ``Ù```dG ``` ` YCG ``````dG
Qe 7^8 (`` H `` H) ``c``` T ``` L`` `à``J
KQc Y JG QKBG Y jc QhO
k eY 11 b M ,jQg JhjO
QfH
G N dG Y dG e
d q J CGSCG EG iOCG ,2010 Y
.TCG Id SGh IG jdG jQJ
H (H H) cd dG jG bh
kq e keJ dG jdG " OhO
JhjO O```H G FG q ` M ````H
QdG UEG OH cCG gGh jQg
Y dbh ."G MS Y dG
jdG ```JG qEG dG ``Y``G
BG ``` e ``Y `è``c `````H Vq S"
VdG ``bh ."ISCG jV Gbh jdG
qEG HQH Q``c dG dH G
S ``j````J ``` JG EG ``Ù``J ```f``G
dG Y YG `q `Hh .G `èCG
fGJ) cTh ,dG e (H H) cT
(JQdg) cTh ,G MU (ThCG
JG cdG e gZh AdG Ibe
jOdG e BG YG q Vh ,hH
LGJh .````G ````Sh O``` ` dG ``` ` UCGh
eG e Ie Fb ce cdG
Y G ``j``dGh jeCG dGQdG
.dG dG e QJ dG G
W e OQj G
dG e
HdG EG ``` G ``` d``G IQGRh ``d``b
W e 1^1h W e H e OQS
je EG SQe Ia N dG dG e
J eG Qb CG H ,dG Gg e
.jT I dG g Y OGSG SQ
d cH QGf ObGh dG jRh bh
Y IQGR`` `dG ``b`è f ```H ```f````H
dG `è ``W ``dCG 125 qEG ``f``fG T
VG dG e G dG
.je jf H S
Md HG dGQfdG FQ bh
Gg OM ``LG``J LG j ```G qEG
H i`` `NCG ```Ù```Gh ``` G `è ``` dG
jW OH Leh jG bdG f
.YhQH VCG
e je Y jQS
ShdG QdG T
J jQS EG Me QOeh Q b
RdG ``jR T S `è T ``MCG
jCG ```H ```Ùh ``` dGh ``` Sh``dG (Q``` ` dG)
Oa ShdG AGQR``dG FQ j e
NdG `è HdGh HdG h``dG ``J``H
bf ``HQCG EG G``d``bh .``jQ```S dG
jQS EG e MH J ``bCG Y
db QO````G `à```VCGh .O``` SCG dG `è
djEG Y aJ bdG e KG qCG
CG Q```G `è ```dG ``L GQ bdG eh
.G j QdG SfH Ae EG J
.djEG Y jNCG bdG aJh
jha Yh SCG e HS bh h
c" ``` SCG QH FdG eM ``jh```H
EG jd QO``f OQc R``H CG H "W
e bCG Y KG qEG Qe bh .jQS
JLCSG RdG ``jR dG bdG
.jjdG ``J.hCG.``jG dG IQ`` cT
e Jh .dG cdG aQh
`` j`` dGh R``` dG `` jR ``è ````dG ````J
jdG ```c``G J ``d``ch ``à```dG
.dG
QG dG dG f %5^3h ..jaEG Y LCG GQSG aJ bj hdG dG

dW AHdG d N J jCG S hG CG fGJ VhCGh .dG
.SdG GS e EG OdG L GQGe e ec 1100
SSCG 2011 d FG jaEG GObG dG VJh
aO e dG G```SCG dG QSCG JQG e YaG Ge dG H
fQG bJh .dG c jcG dG a H ;IOjd G QSCG
2015 H QhO Qe 150 jaEG ITG LCG GQSG J CG j fG
.IjG Yhd dG dG AGL 2010 GQe 84 e YJQG
dG OGh dG e IjL W OQGe cG aj CG L bJh
IQdG GQOU OY jf Vh dG GSCG dhCG dG QSCG JQG e
kjFQ kHdG j c dG dG S d HdG " Fb HJh .HhQhCG GSCG Y
edG f Y ``h ."Fa bWh fhe g ..BG H d d ..g
dG G d be gQYH jaEG GdG H IQdG Y OdGh
GJh .Oh``G Y jdG OQG``Gh ``G SCGd G adG e J CG
JQ M IOe jJ hdG qCG e ZdH IOh jaEG hdG H IQdG
e H 80 EG j `è jaEG G````dG H SJ a ``LQ``G ```dG `è
S LGG g ``dRCG e GPEG " L bh .jaCG Z hO EG JGQOU
."FXdG jeh IQdG QhO Qe
RjhQ -Hhf
GeCG ShDhQ aJ IOjR EG J bdG EG hdG dG c hDe b
HhQhCG QN Je GFY Y d hG j a ,2012 jaEG Y
.SSCG dG Yhe aCG Ua Y H IQdG EG jh
5^3 dG GQ``b aCG ObG dG j CG TGh eh dG bjh
hQdG e jO eRCG M hG jGJ e ZdH 2013 5^6h dG Gg H
J T je L SQe ``bh .jaEG GQOd FdG dG
Y b `àQ qCG h``dG dH jaEG ObG IQGOEGh AGdG OG``YCG
VCGh .ITG LCG GQSG IO``jR Y GTDe j Qh``dG `èCG IQdG
q " RjhQ e He
qCG j e gh dG Gg jaEG dG e b aQ
IW g" HJh ."jd GL dG g H AGOCG j CG bj jG
VhdG VH jGJh .HG GeCG H UN jG WG AdG
."LCG jW GQSG gh jaEG SSCG dG Yhe ZGdG
bH RdH J AHdG dd J J fEG fGJ eM dbh
2012-2011 dG dG OdG L QhO e 684 J H Gh e 300
e Vb Y M CG H bdG dG d 2012 fj 30 J dG
11
YdGh IQdG
f9b~|D'H)1bmgD')1'2HEHbgDb(Z[bG1v~|*f9c~3#'fp~5

6HxD'H iJygD' #b( vgJ }cD'
iH ibCx~{D' b* gD' fmJHD'
fJw-#' i E bG:H hC1bE JbD'
E b&b* *#b* bG:H ibFHD'H
H#'fcB'xEHv(HD0hc:1gEib~z~3$'
f'ib'E|.x*
iJygD'H'fmJHD'6HxD'#' -
9%'H#' f~z~3$E# /cD'
|.x*9bc~zE~|-vBJbEb9
)1bmgD')1'2(fJ1bmgD'_~{D')x&'/EDw(
b dFb' 'wG * Hx~4 AHH f9b~|D'H
'x7#' 9 x+$J H fEbD' fp~|' pJ
Ix.#'
fmJHD' 6HxD'H iJygD' 6Hx9 %'
fG#' i'0 HvD' E bGC f~zD' bD
Ee1#bEDbEv-'HCHg~z'Hx,bgD
6HxD'HiJygD'
9 cD' ivE )/bJ2 d:xJ x,bgDbA
6HxD' . E b-#' }( /bg'
E Hys' }.H iJygD'H fmJHD'
bG:H~zD'vJvmgD'H&b~}cD'H~zD'
~3E xgJ g~z' - ebc~3#' E
1b~3#'Db*}D0Hb9CiJygD'
f~5xA ~3'' wG vmJH &b~}cD'H ~zD'
f~5b. dF'' }( E /HygD'H !'x~{D
bG:H f&b(HxD'H fFHD'H fDbD'
fp~|EbD1bmgD'Hg~zbA~zD'E
gp~|EbECbpJiJygD'
D0H !'x~{D ~3'E iJygD' ~3'E v*H
C#'Hf&bb(e1bJbE%' fgD'6bsF
D0H ~{( ~3'' wG HjD' xgJH
ib,bg-'}(E/HygD
hpE vB f9b~|D'H )1bmgD' )1'2H %'
b~|.x* H fmJHD' 6HxD b~|.x*
b9 fpJHD' 6HxD'H iJy* vgD
AHD0H/cD'fJ1bmgD'ib_~{D
biJy*!'x,%b(ibCx~{D'y*)/vibD"'
f~3#fJ/bD'fD'Ef&bb(9J
F/#'vpCf&'wD'/'Df&bb(HfEv.H#'
f(1#' !'x,%b( fCx~4 D )1'2D' yH
#'H bD' . iJy*H fmJHx* 6Hx9
)( fD~{EH 'vsg~3D fb~5 *
f&b(xD' ~zD 1bD' B xA*H b~}D'
!'x,%' 9)1'2D'x~{*Hbj'c~39
y&''~z*Hib(p~zD'
zD iJygD'H fmJHD' dF'bA
ibD"'H x( b%'H 9 ibCx~{D pJ bC
b&'G#'AH*#'fCx~4#)/v
iJygD' * )/v ('~6 AH b%'H
ib~}sgD'H
dJ1`keD'g"`|yDgJweD'}6Hv9HdkJHD'}6HvD'*È`|3
`|z.v*od9`|zD'H)1`keD')1'2H
`9.gJweDHdkJHD'}6HvD
w&''g`(n|3
fe*
)1'2D''v|4'
f&bjg~3'6Hx9
gJ x.' |.x* bG &bB b~6'H
x~4 *vE f&bjg~3' fmJHD' 6HxDb(
i'xE(1'~6Ee~z:GHbcJx*
A + EH bD%' 1b~{' fmJHD' 6HxD
fmJHD'6HxD'GHzEb.6x9f(bj
~zD'~zEb,xEfc~3bb*gD'
H#' fCx~4 D 2mJ k- bp~6E
b~|.x* q #' b,x' 1b~{E 1b
gD f9b~|D'H )1bmgD' )1'2H cB E
fA'H b,x' fE h mJHx* 6x9
bGxg* gD' 6HxD' E GH ~zE fJv(
(vBHbDbAb~6%' b~6x9jFDibCx~{D'
6Hx9fEbBfA''hpEgD'ibCx~{D'/v9
'wD ~zE b,xE ib~}s*H fmJHx*
fCx~4bD'
xAg* ' dmJ gD' ib7'~4' 9H
ib~}s* b9 IxmJ gD' &b~}cD'H ~zD'
* #' dmJ bF#b( &bB q~6H' 1b~3#'
*#'Hf~|*H#' fAe9fJ#' EfDb.
b~{J #'H ,H C#' 9 bg~3D fb~5
* GH ~zD' E bDbjE# r' b~}D'
cD'v(bEfEv.H1b:DobggD'~zD'
ib9b~zD'HfFHD%'Hf&b(xD'ibmg'jE
tD%'
fJ1bmgD'H$~{D''x~4'
f9b~|D'H)1bmgD')1'2HvC#b*fC9bE'
~z*Hy&''9b*gD'ib(p~zD'E
)1'2D'#b(D'v-q~6H'y&bD)y&b'
~zgD'H ib(p~zD' * ' 9 h(#'/
fJ1bmgD' H$~{D' 8E 'x~4%' h
dp~zD'y&bD''fDb-HG1~}p(H
y&bDb( b~|*b( fCx~{D' * /,E :
v-#)y&b,fJ'~z*1w*'HbEJ.
fCx~{D'9)1Cw'f'!bgF'v(Jy&bD'
bG1Hv( )1'2D' gD Dw( )1'2D' 1b.'
~zgD fJ' ib' }( E ~zgDb(
Dy&''*
H9*gJweD'@A|z'da|xF@
d&'uD'/'D
d|xD'@Ag`|{q*!'v,'g`Cv|yDg'vE@
b&bF vJvgD' bD#' vA b' 1'xD' bE#'
ib(p~zD'tJ1'*b(1%' Ecc~zJb'xF
sJb6xD')AvJvb-,$*gD'
dp~zD' tJ1bgD Jxg' g~z' IvD zcD
6HxD' vJv #' bC ,#bg( H#b,bJ +
&b~zBf9bcDibCx~{D'D.x~}*fmJHD'
vJvpgD DwCH !bgF' tJ1b* vJvpgD )vJv,
fgD'vJyJb'wGH)vJv,ib(p~3tJ1'*
b9
)1bmgD' )1'2H i2b,#' 'wD &bB q~6H'H
fE2D' )v' w.#' b' 1'xD' f9b~|D'H
-hBHvJvgDf,b'H/)v-'HfA/
9xE#'~3bE'wGH|.D'!bgF'v(
b9fgD'EBHibCx~{D'
fEbFDf~zD'EfEibBH#'fmJHx*
A*x
fmJHD'6HxDfDb,%')v'#'b~6#'H
zFGHx~4#' fFb@+ 9bg*
f92E )v' hFbC b(b~3 H J1'xD' )v'
9 f92E A "' bE#' *A 9 Hb~zgDb(
2mJ DH 'x~4 *vE bE C i'A (1#'
J#bCv-'H|.x*)AEC#' nE/
'wGH)v-'H)xEx~4#'f(1#'H#'f+jD|.D'
cB09C#'fFHxEibCx~{D'J1b'
6HxD'vJv
vJv2mJ(b~zD'bC&bB/xg~3'H
x~{(DHb~6%' x~4)vmJHD'6xD'
x~4#'f(1#'vJvgD'Ev-'D'6xD'2HbmgJ#'
Jx."'!y'Hdp~zD'Hv~|D|~|s'
2AfDb-*y&bm(fcDbD~{')2p(
6Hx9 GH 6HxD' E x."' F v,J bC
q gD' 6HxD' * GH q(1'H q~zE'
!'x~4v9fJ1Ay&'m(2Df~5xAg~z'
fEv.9~|'H#'f~3
B1 B1 1'2D' 1'xD' -H
1b~4' g~}A'H fmJHD' 6HxD' gD
~}A'G bDb- ( ' 1'xD' ' D'
fc~zDb( B1 (b~zD' 1'xDb( fF1bE
/v9)/bJ2D0HfJ1bmgD'ip'HibCx~{D
v(i'xE(1#' gDfmJHD'6HxD'i'xE
GH (b~zD' 1'xD' A G bC A *xE 9
6Hx9 * ibCx~{D' fJx- vJ bC bE
fmJHD' 6HxD' |.'x* /v9 (

f9b~|D'H )1bmgD' )1'2H b9 hA'H gD'
|.'x*/v9(bAb~|.x*b9
D0Hb~|.x*bD'zFAiJygD'
f9b~|D'H)1bmgD')1'2HbDwc*gD'/'1b7'
bDb~4'gsfmJHD'6HxD'*
~zD' m- E d~3bgJ b fJ1bmgD' i"b~{D
iHb*EbD'v~{JbEHf&'x~{D')D'H
1b~3'
H$~{D' xJvE D' v~4'1 ( v- bBH
fc~zF #' f9b~|D'H )1bmgD' )1'2( fJ1bmgD'
g~zD q gD' iJygD' H' ib~}sgD'
9*'dmJ~zD'H&b~}cD'ibE~|sC
H#' f~3 J# /bD' x~zD' E F/#' vpC
*#' 2mJgD'f&'wD'/'''v9bEfEv.
fD 'xF F/#' vpC b9 ~|' fc~zF
~zDb( fF1bE f&'wD' /'' q(xD' {EbG
~zDbC rb(1#' E C#' v&bD' i'0 Ix.#'
fDbD'1b~3#'i'0bG:H)x'
2mJ F#b( fJ1bmgD' H$~{D' xJvE b~6'H
fCx~4Df~zD'i'xE(1#'ib~}sgD'!'x,%'
)vib~}sgD'*'91bH#'
)xECv-'Hx~4
*AnE/dD'd-b~5bE%b(F'bp~6E
v(EbCJx~4)v'gDv-'HqJx~|*
cg' !'x,%' zF 'wGH v-'H x~4 9
!'~3 vJv v,J k- fmJHD' 6HxD'
)vE#' :ib~}sgDH#' fmJHD'6HxD
)v-'D')x'Jx~4mJHD'6xD'
fJ1bmgD'ibCx~{D'!ebc~3'E'1b~4'H
A fc:xD' G fmJHD' 6HxD' * '
g~z' cB E !'x~{D' 9 bcB' )/bJ2
f9b~}cD' 'vcg~3'H fJ1bmgD' fCx' ~{*H
~3''d~z-)vJv,Ix.b(fvD'
#' bB fmJHD' 6HxD' fGbE -H
b* gD' 6HxD' G fmJHD' 6HxD'
fE2 )A fE fEv. H#' f~zD nJHD
H#' fJvG H#' )y&b, g~z' qE F )/v
Ix.#')yEfJ#'H#'fEv.
h~zD fmJHD' 6HxD' #b( bp~6E
FEC#'bD(*'w(EF)1~|
qbc,gD'fJ1D'y&''6Hx9bE
F fJ1A fEv. H#' fJvG H#' )y&b, g~z'
DwCbEHfEv.9D~|-H#' f~3&'x~4
ib(p~zD' b( b* gD' ib(p~zD' 6Hx9
kp( g~zD dp~3 &b~zB qE Jx7 9
!y'&y,EfFEHfBxE&b~zD'*
F'9H ~{' ibFb( 9 gpJ H#'
!y' GH fJy'H f(xD' gDb( EbC
dkJHD'}6HvD'*e|x'
1`@|3'a|{D)~.gJweD'H
d-gJweD'dJ1`keD'wC'v'!'1tE
}z.D'oHv|4|{*d9`|zD'H)1`keD')1'2HH
ip'b9JgD'iJygD'6Hx9d:#'#'%''~{E
99%'v9ExgJg~z'#' b*bJDH#' ~6~}*yC'x'H
J bE ./ E xAJH ( !'x~{D b~3E gJH iJygD'
bD'fJ'v(jE)cD'~3''f~5b.!'x~{D'ibFfgD
g-iJy*99%'yC'x'd:#'1x*'wDH/b9#'H~3'1vD'
g~z'ib*HdDb)b9'xED0dg*bAHx8*D
bFvD'/Hv'%' 6HxD'!b+#' ibDblHv-JH
|.'x* q gD' f' G f9b~|D'H )1bmgD' )1'2H #
fAb~6%b(D09fA'DbK 7Hx~4~}*HiJy*99%'
.EHdjC9(bg*g~z'fJbfEbD'f_D'#' %'
q&'Db( yC'x'H ip' 'ygD' IvE )xg~z' i'1bJyD'
iJygDf'F'D'H
#b~{JbGEHbDf,bp(h~zDGHiJy*99%DyC'xE
f-:iJygD'#'E&b(yD'}(JvcJwD'6'9'
)1bmgD' )1'2H #'H f~5b. )/1'H : fDbs' #b( vC$JH
6HxD'99%b(qJ1b~|gD'!b9% b7Hx~4~}*f9b~|D'H
ib~}sgD'H
yCx'%'b~3yCxJ~z*_~zEv~3xEb*Jb(
xAbGJk-iJygD'~3EEfJx7EC#b(EbgJ
(bG1'xg~3')AHbgc~zFH#' iJygD'99%'hB*
yCxE#'bCx."'%'xAE&b(yD'gsJk-fCx~{D'HxA
fJ~}9ibBb(.E&b(yDbD''7b~6Hx9vJb~3
ibmg'H&b~}cD'Efgy-9v*)xg~zEib~}s*H
ibCx~{D'Hip'Bb(Ef~zAbEyCx'.vJ'wDH
E f~3'H ib9bB bE#' )v, f~5xA iJygD' ~3E vJ

~zD' 1b~3#' 6bsF' v( !'x~{D' ~}J JwD' g~z'
E )cC ibC cD ip'H ibCx~{D' bE#' f~5xA vJ bC
k-b~3E!bgF'EbgG#' *H#' g*vBgD'&b~}cD'
fJv' ibmg'H z(' c* gD' f~5b.H ibCx~{D' 5x
x."' ~3'Ec*bEJx~|*9mgD'i'x~}pg~zEH
vJv'~3D/'vg~3D
'~3#' HxA v-#' xJvE G'x(' v J /v~|D' 'wG H
'wGiJy*9*Db(JgD'ip'f~z~3%'f'
#' vC$JD)vJv,HxArbggAb(g*f.'/ebc~3# ~3'
&b(yD'/Q*dc~z(*bE*H#'~{(g*iJyD'6Hx9d:#'
H#' HxAx~}*vB'wDHiJygD'6HxDfEv9'E9
~4cD'x~5bF
}( A xAbD' v-#' bE#'
ib~}sgD'H fmJHD' 6HxD'
9 )v&bDb( /* bF fJv
hFbC '0' f~5b.H 7D' /b~|gB'
ib9b~|D'H ibmgD 6HxD' wG
fFbD'
*#b* ib~}sgD' ' bp~6E
E v' v9b~z* f&E 1b~3#b(
bF'H E D' x~{D' x~|D'
ib~}sgD'H6HxD'*jEm~4'
fc~3bE~3'EHibBH'*b*gD'
9'gJiJygD'wG}(''
d9gD'}(bAfgx(b9
)1bJ2 v(H ng' H' 1b~3'
9AiJygD'b(~{gJ(yD'
fE~3
6HxD' }( ' &bB b~6'H
g~z'iJygD'H'fmJHD'
'Hg-6HxD'wG)vGb~{E9
xE' fJbF H b( bgE : bC
D,xJ
6HxD'5~|s(bE'bp~6E
A ~zE b,xE fmJHD'
6Hx9 f~5b.H fp~6'HH f~3E
f-b~zE * bF i'1b~zD' ibCH
1bg.'fJx-Hg~zDf~3'H
xAbD'v-#'
H'~4EfJ1bmgD'ip'
~3' ~zD mJHD' 6HxD'
g~z'b(gJgD'HCg~3'
yC'x'H ip' b-F gD'H
fJvbEb9F*gD'HfJ1bmgD'
d9gD' }( E :xD' 9
bF' xF f,H E DH 1b~3'
G bjD' ~{D'H bE b9F c~3bE
3E D' &b9vD' nJHD'
d9gD'9C/bg9%'vgJwD'H
9 Jvg~z'H g~z' (
mJHD' 6HxD' bj' c~3
D' bD. E b~|J gD'H cD'
bE H' ~|D' &b~3xD' E &bD'
JygD'H9'0'.E~zF
y&bD'*~3HEcE'vJ%b(
' cA E ~|F )y&bm(
bDg~3'gJHbADbc''vJ'9
9vg~z'~|pJHb(H'vgD'H
fAb~6b( y&'' wG E ~4 '
i'1b~zD mJHD' 6HxD' '
ibCx~{D' }cD b9 ib(p~zD'H
cCx' #b( b,b* dGwF bEv9H
'H A 6xD hFbC ~6Hx'
bE 'wGH x.' 2'xD 6Hx' x~zD'
b&'/~|pJ
g~z' E cC /v9 Iv('

fmJHD' 6HxD -b*1' 9
)1'2H i#'v( gD' iJygD' 6Hx9H
i"b~{Db*f9b~|D'H)1bmgD'
i'xE (1' ' b*/bJ2H fJ1bmgD'
4bF ). D0H f~zD'
g~zD 5xD' A*H /b~|gB'
ibmgE E c~3bJ bE1bg.
cB E fEv' iJygD'H 6HxD'
fJ1bmgD'ip'H~zgD'yC'xE
b( ~4cD' x~5bF J
fJvH )vE fmJHD' 6HxD'
)1'2D' * v( f~5b.H g~zD
~3'' d~z- b~6x9 i'xE /v9
f~5xAg~zDJk-ibc~3b'H
*b*gD'H./d~3bJbEH1bg.D
HbgE1b~3b(Hfg~3'E
~{'Hg~z'
wG ' bm* ibCx~{D' ' 'vC$E
f( b*bmgE nJHD 6HxD'
~}g*6Hx9bEHf~zAb*fB~3
~|-'Hv-'H~4'jEfFbbJ'vG
9' . E bFb x.' 9
B''H 2bgD'H f9'0' b9
&b~3xD' Jx7 9 H' fFHD'
wG}('f-FbE''f~|D'
)/bJyDe~3''wGvsg~z*ibCx~{D'
iJygD' 5~|s( bE' A bcB'
ib'E'HB'D's(A
E f9D' wD ibgD' f'
d9* bA fmJHD' 6HxD'
~|* ib~}s* bGH 1b~3'
' J A H ' bgc~zF
v-f~zD'fB}s*fCx~4bG
)1b~z'
' ~5'x' ~|A JH
bGvGb~{F gD' mJHD' 6HxD
CGdG
dG Y
SdG aGGh LdjjCG H ..cG dG M
dG LdjjCG G e G ,be hj b ,H S
,bG T bdG g e RQ``H jh .eYEG Y j
SdG aGG aY dG SfG hj eY ,Fb d
G M GdG gh ,JadG OG QfG KEG d
,M .FGSEG fGjEG jeCG bdG e Y ,1991 dG
jc H EG GJ FGSEGh GjEG J " RQH ij ch
dG RGdG j r ac
H ,`èCG Ve
n
GjEG q " dBG FH e ,RQ``H j gh ."ShCG
QdG VQe EG HCG d dG q dGh FGSE m f
p N EG
."YO e H GjEG jeCG
db `è j CG ,d ``JAG``b Y ,``` dG Q``` dG ``L``f
M ,Y ,jH jR SCG jeCG edG eCG Qe
RdCG J e SG bdG h Ieh bK SGQO" dG YG
dG IG jdG SH FGSEGh GjEG e c YJ c
dG DWGdG H MhGJ adG H bdG CG ``ZQ ,```ShCG
."dG OdGh
d jdG LGe CG ,dEG IQTEG e H f H
SdG d bOU IYO gh ,fL e JAGb Y J CG j
dG dP ,fK L e fh H fGjEG LQG
e d UJ eh ,FKh e dEG SG eh ,FM e a AL a
.Ff
JdG GY LJ bO Y EG dG QdG f f ,GNCGh
He JCj c "....QOdG G" j G d j c dG UCG
:The Treacherous Alliance "jEG dG e VhCG W VJ eCG Gg a ,FGSEGh GjEG H G
" gjJh bdG AH Jh J dG ,ShCG dG e
,JM H e ,AGdG Gg e d ,a SSCG YdG H
ubaydli@gmail.com
H QG e VJ e d eb de OLh j G j
dG Y H G Y
.(SG)h (jG) :ATCG g gCa ,gj

H Y G CG e b eh ,eSEG G``dG EG LQ GPEGh
"OdG G" Ia aN Ia Y J ` Y G VQ ` G
Gg NG dG JSSh bGe Y Q``KBG Eà ,dG QTCG c
b fCG U EGh ` IdG g bJh dJ ` OdH G ` G
GbEGh G Y Y ` Y G VQ ` G Ga ` aN Y
Y j d , fY j WGdGh iQdGh dGh
. IUG eG ah dGh OGSGh dG
,bO Z bS AL "OdG G" dG g CG fh
"OdG G" IQH OG ``c GPE` a ,``gOG`è ``Z ah
aj LdG Gg jQJ Ea ` Y G VQ ` G H Y G
"OdG G" f IQdG CG c ,e bjh SdG g e
CG c ,OGSG e dG j fCG f PEG ;f e bJ
.dGh dGh OGSG j OOdG Yh IdGh G
,FdG dG g e GbG Y dG H e CG ch
e Gj CG hO dG gOOQ IQhe dGNG eMCG Gj h
Hh ,JdDeh FSQh Je IKG QaCGh LdG AGQBG
,JMhWCGh aCG QaCG S RCG HdG VdG EG b e dP
a Ze h Mhe Z fc aCG AGQBG CG af da
ZCG J fC ` QSG Ia ` jdG HdG dhdG Ia
dN eSEG LJ d f c LdGh ,HdG GdG PdG
,eSEG PdH OTSGh eSEG IMdG EG JYO N e
Ea ,ZCG dG Gh jdG HdG dhdG AL eYh
J a ,H Me Zh ,IOQeh H e Vae aCG QaCG
.jdGh adG SJ S OdG G Y aCG AGQBG
SdG LGe" Y ,RQ``H j c ,UdG e dG

Y ME K G``jEG Xh fL a ."G jeCG
Yh ,FGSEG e ,"SM" KO Yhe IGf fc dG dG
Ye ME Pf e e c INCG g Xh ,NBG fG
M dP ODj G N ,TGhh GW H L QGM AdG
."G FGSEG dd TGh gEG" EG ,M
bdG J T ,db JdG hj e J Y QdG fYEh
(149h 148) dG OQh e e f ,IG KdG
AL ,JGP IdG bdG J Y j ,HdG dG e
idG e c ``L e ` G``jE JGSG RC``G e RH" :a
gG fGjEG LQG n SdG JGSGh LdjjCG
SdG q G HJ GJ MGG IOe JGSG `
dG e RGJ OjEG J e k a .AGS uM Y fLCG IOdGh
Y dG e jJ EG UdG EG dG hCG ,FGSEG e ddG Y
q
jeCH dG GW QNG ,FGSEG LGe OjdG QhdG J
,Mf a .dG HNh fdG SS H dG Y k e
HN q M aQh ,eCG FG FGSEG e Gk q S oG``jEG fhJ
.e JeJ Y d H YCG je EG FGSE OG
GP FdG H Sh c R``H Q dG ,SdG g ag
L EG ,eG NGO LdjjCG SG e JhG LQdG
J .NBG dG H qj JGSGh LdjjCG dG
HY Z ``dhO UH i``G H `èCG V G`` gCG F
fG e ZdH G be fe OjEGh ,ShCG dG
j LdjjCG IhdG ,Gk NCGh ,dG ` q dG hCG SQdG ` HdG
H d Sc GjE eSEG LdjjCG GSGh IQdG jg
."n HdG adG
AGdG e AT O``Lh dG fQhj CG j ,``dP c ``ZQh
H jdG edG :cG dG M" c gCG J

jeCG ,UCG G``jEG ,dD ,"IG jdGh G``jEGh FGSEG
eH SQGh ,G``jEG jeCG WdG G FQh ,G
jQd J O e ,RQH jJ jeCG IG jdH Hg
j e QH ,a GjEGh ,FGSEGh ,jeCG H KdG bdG
YGdG d dG a N e - FdG JdG IQb e
QGdG U FGhH JbYh ,L e SdG dG e
J dG dOG J J Y - i``NCG L e dG UGdG
fL e c J CG H ,dG h``dG d SSG dG
RQH j .e be ,dG ,hJ b dG LdjjCG G
e ,SdG aGGh LdjjCG H IG KdG bdG J
jQG SdG dG Y AGVCG J jh ,dG M
d dP jh ,G IQK QfG H bdG J aY dG
GdG H dG bdG RdCG j CG hj e Y dG
.H C SS G dGh LdjjCG
,FGSEG e GjEG WJQH GjEG T NEG g ,G S Y
M GU e IdG dG bJG bJ Y ,GOe bCG eY
FGSEG QG `èh - M ,``NCG ``dG `èCG ,1975 SQe
QdH ,U d ShCG dG G idG jRG - G
FGSEG H dG KO V G``jEG bh ,JdG j ,``JGP
W MEG ,JEG EG UJ M ,gJ fd ,"SM"h
GYGh ,fGjEG cQG Y GH d a dM e ddG
.ShCG dG PdG We bG ,d G GW H
,dG Oj c ,a HCG Jh GW H dG WJ
dG e ShCG dG e SdG VdG jJ Y
HG J H eYEG G YJ eY ,VG dG e SdG
IdG J ."jdG dhdG eJ" EG INCG g YOh ,GWh
geh SEG Ge OGSG

Ia Y eb dG ,dEG G eYRCG OGSG Gg QhL Y
k jW G b e H GQSG ch ,SEG jdG dG
ia ,fdG `èCG .YdG Mh dhdG gj ``WEG EG d
Y dGh ,G SdG OGSG TCG J EG GfG
."(fY H) JdBG TG Y hCG ef
f ,"jOGSG eG" GY M aCd de h
eH Sj e EG" :a ``b ,1879 ``Y e] IjL
Y g dG dG ffEG IdG a J jQSdG
,dG ``LQO bCG d VdG dG JM e h``G
."gGc J dG jOGSG eG f e dGh
.O j ch ,`èCG G Y ` ``àCG jdG L CG c
Qe g eCG" CGe EG RfG d j - IQY
dG OGSG IQhV e dP j - G SS "dG
,bMh `èCG de H eGdGh- `èCG e Jb edG
:aCG dCG ah ` FdG CGH dPh .."dGh ..eCG " UN
IOG G g h ..!"fdG g G d IG IOGQEG EG"
,fS hCG ,edG dG EG" :jdG L j VGdGh
edG M fUh ,dG gCG b LC eCG e Jb SG EG
dGdG jRJh ,`èCG Y dH d MGdG aJh ,UGh
.edG aG e dGh RGdG e NBG EG ,G
,HdG ` QSdG H aCG jdG L `ÈG bj h
,dG j h e ":a ;ddG jdG JYO UGh H
,gCH j ,k OY k jb k LQ e d G JCG GPEG EG ,JGQeEGh dhH
,OGSG :G IdH C ;dGh IdH OdG jW Z Y
GTG :H YCG EG gCH e Mh .IG IdG e EG Y h
d e ATCG e CG U GPEGh .dG QSdG H gCG
dG hG] Hc HG HY QcdG OQhCG c

P Y `` Y dG CG jf LGe ..HdG
,"OY e dH j EG" :f e bh ,"OdG G"
dG j e S IY N j CG dG H j" e
."k fb Y N Mh
hCG ,Y dG db dG "OdG G" de CG bGdG
,a IMGh Se aCG jdG L Y OdG dG cG
MUEG AD` g `è OGSG dCe `è HK be ``Y J
ee e aGj Gb dG OGSG e c EG M ,G
,OGSd NdG QKBG j CG b dG AL Q hCG dG
Ea fTCG c eSEG HdG OGSG ge c GPEG eCG
.MUEG Jeh JHc e QJh VGh dCG
SS H b ` OdG G ` IQTEG fc EG j k jCG Ggh
k d j e Ggh (Y G VQ) G H Y G JG
ffEG bGGh dGh iQdG dG dYCGh bGeh JSd
Hc a .dG JJh OGSG ge dJ dG iNCG
e dG Y dGh aCG jdG L eEG MUEG
.dGh dGh eCG Y Wh OGSd IbdG AGQBG
e jdG KdG Ih```dG ``àCG jdG L c a
SSCG OGSG CG YGh ,k Y k eg OGSG a Lg G
,Y h M fhDT d dG eCG CG" :db h FTh eCG AH
g EGh ,edG ae JOGQE KCG h ,e QJ h
jh ,Aj e j ,f eh ,fb JOGQEG MGh VN
jh ."S d j h ,IMGh M Y J eCG J ,jj e
OGSG f" EG :dH ,``àCG W Y jH ``dEG Y .O
dH ` hCG ` AYG iL ..jG eSEG MUEG dG
H OGSG" CG dG dG e dG OOQ G dG e
J UEG GYO Ea dd ;eSEG HdG dG ec
G" FdG dG EG e IQTEG .."IG gG gh
G VQ) G H Y G IS Y WCG dGh ,"OdG
aq A``L ` f c ` dG g dh ,IQGOEGh G (Y
HdG G``dG Y QG G Y J H ;ge Y
`ÈGh ,"QGdG PJG OO``dG Y"h "G" gh eSEG
J CG hO dGh CGdH OGfG gh HdG G ah OGSG
.dEG ..eG CGQ EG dG hOh ,fd VN dG g
jdG dMh e (OGSG) G G``g fG a
b gh ?IQdG g Fb eh ?eSEG HdG G EG HdG
?dG eG H HdG g OdG G IQY
H jdG dGh Y SdG dG "OGSG" de YT
eh eh Hc H N e ;eSEG MUEG
jdG Lh ,(OGSG FW) Hc cGdG MdG Y ADg
,"KdG IhdG" : ; N e Y dGh aCG
fG "OdG G" de CG `èEG dG G Y `èEG .O OQ``jh
aCG jdG L BJQG dG a ..dG EG HhQhCG e
d" :f e bh ,iQdH j dG "OdG G" g EG dG
k LQ e d G JCG GPEG EG ,JGQeEGh ,dhH dG h ,e
dG dG gh .dGh IdH OJ Z Y gCH j k OY k jb
e OGSG jCG fCG J aCG jdG L `èEG db
j dG hdG X dGh IdGh G J EG ,ahG
Ga .Y Id jQSG hdG dJ Ia eSEG dG
.G QJjdG e dG OGSG jDj fCG cDj dG
``dG FGhO
JGdG GY
,KfEGh GQcP ,``MQCG Lh G``NCGh YCGh I``NCGh AHCGh (24
U) cCG f eCa ,jGdG h QGfEG H J G N M
L h H (214/AGdG)}nHp n br nCG nn Jn p Yn Qr pfnCGhn | (Sh Y G
n s Go Js Ghn | G iJ e MdG eM M
n Mn Qr nCGhn p Hp ndo An nn Jn pds G G
n s spEG
(1/AdG)}k bp Qn r o r n Yn ncn G
dG BG```d`à ,I``` SCG `è dG ``è h`` dGh ``Lh``dG ```h
JM fEG j ``dG dG g LhdG bdG C`H jU
}..n r dn EGp no r n dp n Ln hr Rn n r ep n n Ln hn Im n``MGp hn rm fn rep r o n n Nn pds G n og|
(189/GYCG)
f dG feEG c d j dG Z e h :dG I``FGO /5
Y ASG dG ,YdG IGOCG a !?edG fS dEG
. fGG hCG QGG ie Y AGS ,Jc L
,Y hQOb f e a Y Ve Y EG f CG jh
.fGHCG jEG J e Qb H Qd
d e MGdG H j dG hG jdG gh :G IFGO /6
ZdG h gadG SCG d h d H aj h dd h d c Y
.OG dG Y ,IG
dG h ,YGfCG ,jQdG YCG e Jb j a
.eY hCG UN SDe eN TH j NBG
cCG f j PEG ,jdG UdG dP Y G OQh bh
. (G S gc dY Y OdG ) :(Sh Y G U)
AGG e f e AV Yh ,LG VGSG Gg Hh gh
JLGH f f g :GDdG iU OOj ,FGhdG g b e
?FGhdG g
?iNCG M Y IFGO Lf a ,H a f gh
?dGh dGh dG N LGdG J h G NCG dCG
12
:(Sh Y G U) cCG SdG Y hQ a :WdG IFGO /2

H GdG Y) : () Y eEG b h (EG e WdG M)
. (WhCG
L e h ,JOh Y fEG SCGQ e g dG VQCG a
..deBG h eMCG e h U Jeh , Jah Y
,aG d j h ,QG Y ajh ,j h j dG WdG Gg
ObGh YLG dGh eCG c IdG IG d j h
G Hc j J G EG M f e YCG e h ,dGh
. (3/dG)}p ep nCG pn n dr G Gn ngnh|
G dG SSCG d ``dG G``g :`````G I`` FGO /3
o So Qn l s |
nj pds Ghn G
p s
n o gjq EG UH OGaCG J G dG
gOGJ a (29/dG)}..r o n r Hn Ao n Mn Qo Qp so dr G n Yn Ao Gs ```p TnCG o n en
FS d YGJ Y e TG GPEG ,G e WJh MGJh
(Sh Y G U) cCG f Y OQh c ,G h dH G
gGMEG J dG c NCGh eDG e) :b fCG Y hQ dG
. (iNCG
Y j ,MGJCG h MGaCG e h dM dG G Gg
..e j h ,SGe jh ,je hCG e jjCG
GJ aCG e HG SH j CG OGQCG fMCG qCG f CG dh
.G AHCG SG cQj CG hO e MdH j
,d SGG jG hH Y J aCG ,e fMCG HUCG GPEGh
IAGb GK fhj h Y Mj h a j gGj gh g a
.dG BGdG
gYCG ,ISCG g b GdGdG JCj h :ISCG I``FGO /4
n bn hn | JOH dEG MEG Uh PEG ,deh fe e fS G
n ogo Mn nCG n n p dr G n nr Yp sn o r jn es pEG fk n Mr pEG p jr npdGn dr Hp hn o js pEG s pEG Gho o r Jn s nCG n Ht Qn
n o dn r p rNGhn k p cn k r bn n o dn r bo hn n ogr n r Jn n hn x oCG n o dn r o Jn n an n ogn cp hr nCG
-23AGSEG)}Gk p Un p n Hs Qn n cn n o r Mn Qr G u Qs r bo hn p n Mr s dG rep u t dG n n Ln
SG QJ b bh c ,G LCG j a ,ah ec
} ..n fr oCG hr nCG m cn Pn rep r o r ep m ep Yn n n Yn o Vp oCG n u nCG r o Ht Qn r o dn
n nn S
r an |
(195/GY BG)
L e GLCG Vj ,dG g J c - fEG c - fEa
JJ h LGh Y J ,JWe hCG de GOY e HCG b ,IY
.FGhdG J L ,Yh d ,M Y
dG dG FGhO gCG H Y d f dG QdG g h
.dG dP Qe SJh ,IG J jW
n
M
j :jdG I``FGO /1
k fo p Hp Us hn en jp udG nep r o dn n n T|J
nj udG Go bp nCG rnCG
n Yp hn S
n eo hn n gGp n Hr pEG p Hp n r Us hn en hn n r dn pEG n r Mn hr nCG pds Ghn
o s p r dn pEG r ogYo rJn en n cp p r oGr n Yn n o cn p ap Gbo s n n Jn n hn
Ao n jn ren p r dn pEG p n r jn G
. (13/iQdG)}
o p jo ren p r dn pEG prjn hn
,FG Y iCfh dH f f L ``dG jdG Gg
f h G`èCG Oa ,ffO Q`èCG edG Y j ``dGh
G M fCH SMEG X dG e dM f h cdG
. h
Y H fS G j dG dG jdG J ``d PEG
n So s dG no p s jn nj pds G| j PEG ,OY
Hk or en o fn ho p jn pds G s eu oCG s p s dG
t p jo hn p n oGr rYn r ognr jn hn h
p o r n r Hp r ogo eo rCjn p
p pEGhn Ip GQn r s dG p r og nr Yp
s r o dn
n r r pr n Yn o u n jo hn
p ds G n n Zr nCGhn r ogn Ur pEG r o r Yn o n jn hn nFp n G
p n u dG
n fp oCG pds G Qn t dG Go n Js Ghn o ho n fn hn o hQo s ` Yn hn p Hp Go eBn G nj pds an r pr n Yn r fn cn
AT a Y jQOb c (157/GYCG)} no p r oGr r og n p dn hr oCG o n en
a fEG J qCG PEG ,JM dEG f dG adG e
G H fCG e Gg h ,``G MU PC`j CG EG ,FL h WH
d AT c dG d PCGh dG d MCa ,Y fS
o s o o bn Rn Qn
r hn k u Wn k Mn G
G
p s n n r fp Gho o TG
s p Go o an | Uh e a
cJ e KQh h ,cG d Th (114/dG)} nho o r Jn o js pEG or r co rpEG
..HbCGh GdGdG
Mk rcn n Hu Qn n pEG l Op cn n fs pEG of

n pEG n jt nC jn | G Hc J G b
.(6/fEG)}p bp n o an
S c J fCG PEG ,fEG c a G j Ie WCG
h H ,JS h JcM c SJ h ,JM c Ch ,Y
..f FGS h b G M
dG jn CG `èq EG gh ,J G Ad EG dG Ie fq EG
d Qf jo CG eq EGh ,cCG G e GVQh G L QhdGh
e j CG OGQCG c ,YGQP S YQP H Ge id YGf
.dG jdG fCG fEG P d bh a YCG Z e
n EGp o p n jn hn .Gk p jn Hk n Mp o S
n n jo n r n an .p p pn Hp o Hn ncp n Jp hoCG ren es nCan |
n r jn hn .GQk o Ko Yo rnj n r n an .pp r Xn An GQn hn o Hn ncp n Jp hCGo ren es nCGhn .GQk ho r en p p rgnCG
.(12-7fEG)}Gk p Sn
j h EG fEG j AT PEG ,AGL Hj Y c CG G a
rn an | fS j c ,a Gk T EG h a Gk N EG ,AGL He
(8-7dddG)}n jn Gv Tn Im Qs Pn n n r ep r n r jn ren hn .n jn Gk r Nn Im Qs Pn n n r ep r n r jn
.
j fq Ea cCdHh ,k jhNCG j b c k jfO j b AGG Ggh
dG a ,ec h H J G e dP c h ,INBGh fdG k jCG
a ,Y Y edG aJ f Y eGfh dG fGb L
.Lh L e h ,j Qj
PEG ,dG e Sj k fMCG fdG AGG b fEa dP eh
rep mAr n Hp r o fs n o r n dn hn | QNGh fEG AHH J dEG G qCG
o r hn p r G
nr
} njp Hp dG
p n n s dGhn p o fnCGhn G
p er nCG rep r
m fn hn p G
s r u Hn hn G
dh dG j CG AHG dP RG``d e a (155/IdG)
dG fGj M ,Y Y fdG OdG AGG Y Gj
G h ,J G e GRQCG Y J dP eh dGh dG Y NBG
.M H Aj e Rj
e jjCG j h ,G Y edG SG j dP qCG EG
13
iDhQ
jDhQ
WGd eG J J
eT jObG ej
dGh ad jDhdG SDe gQJ
IQGOEG FQ
jdG ``FQ
GSEH ,VG jGa T N JYLG Ff Y eCG fH AGQRdG LJ

eG J J H JCj ,eG GMdG H TG hdEG HdG GN
dG dG Gg Gh bdG aJ fCT e e c Y dGh ,H AJQGh WGd
Ihf Y Y G aGe dP e cGjh .JG S RJh dG e a XJ
. eG J LCG e eG AGOCGjJ dBH J
e dG dL dj YCGh TG gG X ,LdG Gg IAGb h
LMG cGJh IjY OdG Gg edG LdGh ,Y dGh WGG
. ed IjGG
ed JG ce AfEH G SCG dL LJ cf OdG Gg h
AGOCG J Y HbdG GhOCG e IGOCG H d , AGQRdG edG feCH eG
Ybh FGT e IOQGdG FG J cG jh ,jM J dBG ah jh ,eG
GN e fCH e Hjh ,WGd eG GMdG eJ dG eG M G
.eG J AGREG G h i AGQRdG jQhO GjJ ajh ,G G e
YSh eG HfG J dG IQG dG dG e QWEG j dP ch
. gREG
dEG Uh dG G iG Gg ,dG Ve LdG g Vh Y Yj h
k 16`dG cG eCH M fCG M ,fhdEG eG J Qe dG
Y
QT dG Gg j dGh fhdEG eG jJ dPh ;fhdEG cQG Qe
k QOdGh ,Qd fhdEG eG
fc CG H ,2012 d IG CG Y jM
.2010 jJ 76`dG JG
eG eG J dG M dG QdG ie j jda
GTDG gCG e j fCG c ,G Gg eG J dG LdG SdGh ,fhdEG
cQG Yfh ffEG Y eG eG hdG R dG dG J dG
. bdG d YGdG SSCG dGh IaG JG eN Jh fhdEG
WGG Y dG dG e IOSG J EG OdG dG LJ Yj Gg ch
. d eG eG Jh
`` FdG M H ``JM
jdG
24479885 :Jg
info@alroya.info
ObG
239 , 234 :fi
businessdesk@alroya.info
G
263 , 242 :fi
localdesk@alroya.info
VjdG
244 :fi
sportdesk@alroya.info
fYG
24479888 :Jg
ads@alroya.info
cGTGh jRdG
24479886 :Jg
24479889 :ca
``jRdGh `YdG
Jc f Lh Y Gh IjG CGQ Y IQhdH J IQG AGQBG
fEG Mh SdG LdjjCG
(1) SGQO WGN

Y M
?ddG j b dG jOdG GQG IQH Y
Y J c HjEG dG Mf f
dG IQ G j a ,SQGe Lfl
e V bh CG ?AdGh dG EG aGdG HjEG
gZh dG dG L e hdG a j
dG G hQ AVEH egG e cCG IQGdG
dG Y Y IQdG jd g ?HW id
a HjEG hCG a dG QXEG FGdG
?dM dG gGd YVG Z OfGh idG M
OG dG J Y fEG H d G Xh
j dG GH d d aGO ZQ e Hh ,dG
jH e e edG WV j CG H
U g .JbNCGh gOGSGh ahX fl
XdG g e hj G e dG g CG
dc c EG ?jdG aJ d Ze d Sh
?G g GAGLEG PJEG a U
LdG G g SQGd YG dG CG hj
LMG dCe dJ dG SdG G EG Ud
j M ,MGh BG ddG LMGh G
S dG SQG QNH e QNG jM dd
jW a e H e IdG gh ,H
CGH b IQhG hdG iMEG CG S bh HhQhCG
dG ahG j j M ,jCG J H
AdhCG Yd eG SQGG Y BG bfEG j
UN SQGe FHCG EG Y Jh QeCG
e SQGG gh ,e GQGOEH Jh Y VGQ
Y jQOb AcCG e XH S jGG NdG
W S dG dG dH dG
SQGG g hS AdG G J ch ,cCG
GHh ,H dj dG G LMG J CG k jCG
dG GWCG L VQ Y S RGdG
Y J iNCG eN Cc S dG dG
.gC eG Y J dG dGh VdG
QaG KCG Y S G e dG AG
Yh ,ac G IG GG EG SQGG
,dG Y dG gKCGh G SGQdG dG
IAc h ,dG FSh LddG NOEH gGh
J e j e gCG eh dG f
Ge EG ddG J jjdG GQNEG Qhd
. G
humaidvision@gmail.com
OdG MCG
IgX jCG g Jje dG G hGj
dG bh e GS HQCG H d YG SdG
je f e bdG Gg c d ,IOYEG H
dM eh ddG Y J cSh f QGVCG d
e UCG W e SGQdG dG ed JOYEG dM
jS VfG gh M b cCG GQV CG hj dh ,GY
Gg M GPa .dG id dG dG S
d FdG G CG Y dP j CG ?QgdG
e ?aG T jCG ?SdG e G g dG
dG dG IdG g hj dWCG j dG
?dGh cEd M fEG id dJ
,e c cQCG IY Y dG dG j
dG gC ddG GQOEG ,d dG GQG
dG FSdGh GhOCG IAc ,H YSGh
GQNEG e J dG f IAc ,SQG
.Gh ISCG QhOh ,jh jTh jj
e e eGY IY Y j e f j eY
G a ,iNCG e d a gL J H
eGdG g IAch Ib ie Y dT If f CG
M dG Y j Ggh a G Y dGh L
.IOYEG bh Y dG d
U c jHC eheh SGQd ddG gGc EG
QLE G Y IOYEGh SQd gj d
cQCG N Y J IN e dG Y
dG dG .dG dG Y j dG
MGh cQ Y DhJ IY WCG CG hMCS ddG
GQG aJ ieh e IAc ie gh a
dG dG Y AHEd gDJ dG jQhdG
.G jW d J Y HLEG Y ,ddG id
a ddG T Y Gc GKCJ G KDj
GPEG Gg JSCG e dP ce d G fdG
Y hQG KCdG gh NBG dG edG SG
IG j CG Y QOdG g G G .G
e M jh fCGh ShQO e SQG dG
a ,YH j CG j g
q J CG H dd
dW id dG T IQKEG Y jQOb fe
g ,ad edG dG Y L HSEGh
G IQKEG hH dG Gg TEG Y hQOb g
Y hQOb g gh ?dGh dG dG SQh
g g ?IG bGh e jdG jQhdG GQG f
dG dG dG IQe f Y cdG Y hQOb
J dG dG Y dh G dG Y J
k T eG XG id j dP c
TCG e
dGh ASG EG k fMCG j b dGh VdG Y
ZdG Y dGdG Yh ,dH QdGh dGh QdGh
k We Y ODj hDeh ah eYh Xe c Cq G e
JeN Y ASG h WdG j be e H
.QhO g hCG
Y j CG j eG GMdG L eda
dG IGh XG Y UG GOdG M
.j dG XdGh
ITe H G Ggh ,G e g dGda
dG Hh JGhQ MJ Y d ;G d
dG OQGG UQh ,eCG j dG YdH G
.dP d eRdG
d S c ahh T c e gCGh Yo G M
.dGh
salehabri@hotmail.com
YEGh dGh ad Y SDe
dhDG dG EG dG ,LGdG SGS

.dGh WdGh G eCG hDe dGh ,Gh
H JGhdG MH dj G dG Xe
jJ a ;eG dGh SDGh GMdG
gh ,IMGdG XdG ie H QGah NGh
dG LQdGh JGhd jeh IOeh fl hGL
,G JGMhh GjdG :M Y c IMGdG Xd
,dG d HdG dGh ,SHb dG eLh
dGh ,YLG eCdG gh ,edG idGh
,WMG hUh ,dG dG ceh ,cG
.eG cdGh ,dhd jQGOEGh dG HbdGh
G gDG dch ,MGh XdG e M
J OJ XdG AYCGh YCGh ,XdG d
LQdGh JGdG k ba dP ZQh ,f g
jf aVEG JGhc iNCG GReG Z dG
J g J bh OYCd jGdG Z ,S c
.gGS hO GMdG J H H iNCG
ej SQ EG d dG h LdjjCG g Y J dG
GMCG eh ,G e YGU AGS cG zedG{ GMCd
h jG j M c ch ,NGdG JYGU CG VQG
G h jG j e ch GS Y H jh d G
WdG dG dhdG ebh .NBG Y H jh UG d
dc OYCGh ,G h dhdG H OdG bY fEG IOYEH HdG
SdG dhdG SJ CG jOGSG dG dhO CGe fEG
SdG G J k bGh j dGh ,c G j M
H dPh ,(dG hG) dhdG e Hj M Jh G
SC CG k fK JGP dhdG IYh k hCG G e SdG
bJ fEGh ,dG h IdG QO dG QMH Jh dG
aW MCG M iS e k j IhQP H G h dhdG H
dG bH G M dG jQdG dG Gf e Ggh)
G QdG d YL IOHEH dG hG ,QhL e SdG
.(YdGh ffG bH dGh
hdG GY ij c J e f G WGdG EG
j eh j e CG ,SdG G G MCG CG
iMCH gh ,G j SdG a ,JOSh G
.VhCG Jh HdG Ff QfH k bDe Y j aJ M
Y QN k T d SdGh jQdG Gh dG G
h YLG JM M iMCH g H ,YLG JMh fEG
g RfG Yh jOG h YVG G iNG L eh .SdG
Y YaOh dG ShG bT OdG f N SSG T
ffG G fG jb e ej CG TdG Y .fEG M
hCG LdjjCG SC M Y cdG Yh QG Y dG H
dG e dG g EG .e G Y adG C ,UN de
j df CG Y fEG M M TdG V Le
G fG M Td G .UN LdjjCG de
fMC M ,SS hCG YLG e CG e j CG edG
g gCGh G dh ,dGd hG cQe hG eb hG eSG j G
fGdG e c ZCG YCG dJ dG fEG H YdG
FdG dd G g Y RdG hG ehG Yh ,dM FdG
.LdjjG hG edG hG
Hh L e SdG dGh LdjjG H VQdG hG ehG EG
HdG dG M fG e g iNG L e YdG fG M
edG h dG jhJ NG Y ,ehG LdjjCGh jdG
SdG dG fh ,G d IOdG jG gG cQGh
IQJ g fN QHh ,SG H WGdG b fN dG
e cG GQhV hCG eCG IMh SH iNCG IQJh cGTG SH
.FGSEGh djeEG
ahmed.rs.albadi@gmail.com
dG Jh GMH edG JGhQ MJ QGb

Vh OLh OGaCG Y dG KCG d c dG
IOLG QGdG dGRE ;eCG ILCGh G GdG
WdG ja ,jWh HS eR Id OS dG
hCG dG Y HGc OhG Y AGS Y OhdGh
hCG fdG AGLCG jM hCG G hCG dG hCG dG
eS eCJh ,NGO eCG Mh ,NGdG G eCJ
,QhG Jh ,hdG dGh hdG N e WdG
fi g SdG cGG eCJh ,fG GMCGh
eCJh ,WdG j dGh eCG Qhd Ff
H H eCG CG IMGh IMd h ;eS
e L QhO Y ASG h ,hdGh dG e
IM eM cQOCG dh ..GMdG e IMh hCG G
dGREG e H qfCG ,G SHb dG dG MU
QhdG Yh WdG QdG MJ LCG e QGdG J
WTh G GdG HVh Oa c H j dG
dGh YL da ,iNCG GMdGh fdG Y
dGReh ,G G G e SdG ZT g HdG HdG GRe

iNCG hOh geCG M hO eeCG Ke KGMCGh Ffh Ye
,ddG b h NBG Jh FQ g .G YS J dGR e
HdG e bdG e OY H JH dG e a HGdG eCG
j e WGe d JHHOh JYQe Sj GR e eGh
Me g d dH dCa ,Le dH g .dG d
H NBG j hG gge MG Y VH jLGJ
dG jjGh SdG G d jQdGh G AGOCG aGe
.ffG Od VGh Z ,LG j
dG jDj M ,jQdG dG j e VhCG VdG Gg EG
N e jO LdjjG M hG FdG edG G UG QdG
aJ hO jG gh ,LdjjG G f cQJ dhO de
H if iNCG dG Yh .jQS QJcdG M jCd e
gG hjDa FdG IAH j G QdG dG jDe
eG dG GY b e GSJ b gh jQS eG dG
AdG Jh Fh e e QdG dG jDj Hh ,GdG
bMh G QdG dG AeO J GdG Gg .d
fK J hG e O f Y adG YdG Mh ffG
.IOG LdjjGh SdG GU
GYG G :j e fG dG YG LjO CGf
jhG bHh jdG ISCG AYCG L UCG eGdH
M SJ c h .dG dGh dGh jG SSCG g HdG
,fEG dG PBG g YCG EG aCG b gDhGQORGh fEG
jH OdG a j Y fG dG eY dEG fj e jZ ch
j CG QhdG e c h .bdGh dG e Qjh IdGh dG
Y OdG EG eCG NBG AG j d fEG M jM fdG
dG YEG GH OJ edG G EG .dGh OGSG
dG ac aJ CG j dG G iG fCG Y fEG
Gg GhdG Y VGh ,G gh Oa c j M CGh
Y jGh G g GMG WJ EG ,YCG f YEG
d ,Yh eb ,IOe GAGLEG PJGh HdGh dG jW
.zJGP AYCG hdG H da Y IQH JYGeh H GYG
J G j dG fG M Oe UN dG g G
f SS SQ c jGh M ch bh c YG f
.H
QJ H jah LdjjG YGU Gh dG jCGQ
SEG QJ fG K ,SCGQ HZh e NBGh ebh cGTG
N h .G bh G fdG e jGH G G SdG
GMCG OVG Y j SS M CG j GdG Gg
CG j dG dG dG b e d FhG iNCG SdG
OVG Y j zedG{ G j h ,gOVG e M
TdG h jOGSG IQdG Y j ,dHh zLdG{ G
JGhQ MJ M
G dG Hh
dG Y H dU .O
jQJ
14
jhdG dhO bGeh ..aT jOU ..Te H Gec
M ahCG JHh .. Te 5 H e jG FQ dG hQj ShdG

Ic f J CG bj fCH hQJ ```VCGh
dH b" :``bh .G``bG cGe NdG Q
dG ```Jh .``dP ``LC Sh `è ``c fL `è
5 j U dhG eG f jcG HfG
eG GSG EG YG FSh YO a ."SQe
.a dG e IOQGdG SdG
Y I``` c `è``` ` e OJ" :hQ`` ` `` `J O``` ` ` SGh
jG ``JG``` dG ``j``W ``Y ``` dG CG``` d `````SG
.SQ ```H``W ``` d .h`` G ``Y`````SGh
EGh ,````` ```H``J ````` ``f`````S``d `` YGO h
fCG GSG j h .%146 f Y S
."GUCG Rd UN
ce GhQGR ``j``dG ``` dh``dG ``` bG``G i`` HCG ``bh
.eG Y e MJQG GhHCG "2012 - HfG"
SFdG HfG CH K Y GHYCG fCG c
.d hO S ShQ
SdG `` `` H ``F``` dG ```````S `` ` jOhO `` `bh
i CH KGh f" :cG J H SdGh
U e cDd e hO c HfG dG
WGO `` eCG ``bGh ``f``c ``H````fG CG b
eG ````H ``````S O`` ` `TGh ."jfh ``````Mh
Y GHYCG ShdG dG e Gc GOY CG EG dh
HfG WGdG dG bGe ZQ
.SFdG
KGSG "2012 - HfG" ce CG cjh
T AG`` Gh `à```G ```b```G `è IQO```
eGh dG ```SGQ``dG ``Wh ``f```dG ``
.ShdG
SdGh HU e dhO bGe 5 QGR bh
ce FQ bh .eCG cG Ubh SdGh
WEH eT eO "2012 - HfG"
Y j fEG bh ,cG feEG Y dG
e IOQGdG eG dG N j CG
.c bEGh G fG
G bGG jH jc M ,QhHh
GdG Gc eJ IG jdG e
De bh .SFdG Hfd ShdG
hdG `è``YEG ``c``G ``` eCG ```Y U
EG :````Sh``dG YdGh IQ````dG ad ``H```dG
.jdG Gg Y Ic IN N ShQ
G`` e`` ` `dG ```````H Mf" :`` `` ` VCGh
G`` ` bG ``jO``` ` U `` a`` Jh G`` ` ` bG `` cG`` e
hX aJ LCG e OL dH c .adG
g CG YCG fEa ,PEG .bGd ``MG``dG
jO ``H````fG `è ``fQ`````H G``` c `è```J
."fdG
YS H Se QOZCS" :OSGh
.g GZ YCS M ;QGOSGc je EG
."RbdG T G iMEG jCG QhRSh
dG ce -jDhdG
.eRdG
G ``j`````dG E` à hQ``` ` J ``b `````Hh
f OCG bh .jGa 17 j e ShQ j
.BG M JGUCH Nf dCG 100
Nf e Y Hj `è CG EG hQ````J Q```TCGh
.OdG QN ShdG dG J ShQ
cCG j ;d G``bG ce 400 aG ``bh
.INCG S 20 `dG N OY
S Gc CG EG UN IQH hQ````J Q``` TCGh
a ``Sh``dG NdG G``bG ``bG`è IO``j``H I`è hC
dG G`` g `````J ```f````SG ```àQ ```à ..``` ` ` VGQCG
U BG 6 f CG EG hQ````J ```dh .```Sh``dG
eS dG cG j dCG H e
800 G`` M O``` ` YG `` bh .``j`````dG `` j H
.a Se LCG U
ce G`` ` ` ` SG ``` Y ``` ` ` e - hQ`` ` `` `J `` ` bh
ShdG HfG d HdG ,"2012 - HfG"
e g `` eCG `` bGh ``g ``c``G G``g EG
.eG
YCGh .Gbd eGSG be j e bGG

bdG hj jdG jG UTG H CG
.e IOSG WGG id
Gbd ``c`è ``c CG `` gPCG EG hQ````J O`` YCGh
a j e c S dG jdG GeH
hC HdG g " :``bh .ffEG T EG
."J YCG CG j dd .ShQ Ie
hS dhO bGe 685 CH hQJ OaCGh
219 eh .SFdG HfG bG ShQ EG
Mh WGdG SDG e e bGe
HhQhCG h````dGh `èCG e i``d ````fEG
bGe 44h G hdG HGQ e bGe 232h
39h G hdG HGd fdG G e
9h HhQhCG Od fdG G e bGe
19h HhQhCG hdGh eCG e e bGe
bGe 67h hd T e e bGe
20 HfG dG AYGh A```SDhQ
G T ```` G```N 56h `````LCG ``dhO
GO`` ` `` `YG `` ` `Y G``` ` ` M ``` ` ch .`` ` `LQ`` G
ShdG ``j``c``G ``H``` ` fG ``` ``` ` FQ `` `bh

L SFdG HfG G" hQJ Oa
Y `Ù`````H i````T CG ``fO``J h ,O`` g ``L
Y IOQG``dG hdG bGh .jd dG
jYO H j TG ``c dG ```dG
CH ihT CJ fCG EG .NBG H e eJh
Y HfG jYdG Ua e TG ``MCG e
ZQ Y YCG e c eh .YG FSh jW
CH ihT OQh bh .dd Ua eYEG jYdG
.YEG FSh Td aG ``Z dG
."CdG GH jL d J dG d
CH J ee J d" :hQ````J ```VCGh
J fc QG e YLG e
ce e cG GbG M bH AGH Y
Gg e d 11 c bh .jH e
e JHe dGh e cCdG BG jh .dG
."dG M ILG b
jcG ``` H``` ` fG ``` ` ` dG E` ` a ``d``b ``` ` ` Hh
d LDG G``bG bH d dM c HJ
eCG ```HG``HCG ````ShQ ````fG ``cG`è ```dG J

``` ` T`è `````N `` H GhQ``` ` ` d ,``` N``` dG
M) ``J``H `Ò`à :``g ;``jO``G ````ShQ FQ
`` G) ``f``Z``jR O``` ` Zh ,("IMG ShQ"
GdG G) ajL Oah ,(YdG
ShQ" `` M) `` fh`` e ``Z``` Sh ,(``WG``` ``dG
.(G) hQNhH Feh ("dOdG
SFdG HfH TG ``MCG Rj dh
U FGR FH 50 Y j CG Y hCG dL
.GbG Y cQG NdG GUCG e MGh
S ,jQdG G``g `àh Q`èCG QJ dM h
bCG Ye SFdG Hfd FdG FdG
Sh .``SQ`è 17 H SQ d ``SQ`è 14
.G je 7 e e jG FdG
jae ``èO ``G ShdG FdG ``ch
c Lh b de fK jd f Tj dG
,SFdG HfG S WGG EG G j
j ren QN JGUCH AOEG EG a gYO
.dhdG FQ VdG
..aCG f JM J jf" :c A``Lh
`` j`` Mh `` ` `M G`` ` ` MGh `` `` ` dGh `` ` èCG `` fR`` ` `jh
CG ``jQ``G HfG G ```XCG ``bh ..````fEG
de j UCGh ,Lf OGORG ShdG G
.Vhh bH dG Y
bj e CG j WGG CG j Ggh
CG ``j``G ````F``dG ```Yh ..`èO``` dG ``H````fG ```Y
SH e jh ,dG ObG AEG f UGj
YadG IQ``` dG `à``Jh ,``` WG``G I``` M ``````d
."dG S SJh ,Od eCGh
4 Of CG Y" :Fb c jae Nh
.eOdG G``YCG fOH S dG dG SQe
GdOCGh HfG EG GgPG .e c j e EG
."JGUCH
eOdG SFdG Hfd dG Te ``cCGh
aG Hfd TJ CG "JH Oa"
OY j ASDhQ e He JH bh ..jae
QNG GQb fEG ,G Ae dG dG e
c Ua SSCG Y eOdG Md SFd Te
if" :```VCGh .HfG dG Rj d e
."FdG QGdG fJG fCG
,ShdG NGdG jRh Ff YCG dP Z h
WT `` `dCG 380 `è `` `cCG CG ,`` ahQ`` Z Q``` ` ` ` dCG
hdH ,dG ShQ FQ HfG eCH eS
cT Xe e OdG fh ,e dCG 30 f e
H GG AG``N Sh .UG SGG
G``c`è 94332 ``gO``Y ``d```dG G`` bG ``cG`è L
.HQG dH e ,ShQ AfCG
iQdG e Y G J O T
LQG GW SS LJ YJh..eN Ib RJ fGjEG fdG HfG

.d
dcdG e H b dG IQjdG a ODj CG G eh
Vh SG CG bYEG EG ej I jQdG bd dhdG
G hdG g Y ib Sh GjEG H bf ShCG jhf
.fCG fL EG hdG eCG jdG FGO
be J eCj jQdG bdG dch e ja ch
qCG dcdG J M GW e bdG G EG TQH
.GG QN ICe g
N" ``` H G``` e a `è ````J ``` dG ``d``c``dG ``d``bh
dcdG ``j`à ``` W ````b`````d ``` f``` dGh hCG ``` d``G
H G``jEG PC` J h ,TQH dG bG NH PEG
."IQjdG
jQdG bd dhdG dcd dG jG feCG cj ``cq CGh
eJ ,eBd TQH IQ``jR W G``jEG b Y"
."J Uf d IAH hH
id G``jG e fS UCG Y ``b ,HS ``bh h
AfCd fGjEG dG dcd jQdG bd dhdG dcdG
bdG ``d``ch `è ``KO```G `è ``j``G AG``LEG bJ G```W CG
jhdG SCG QfG e e J dG ``jQ``dG
.dG
AGLEG GYG EG J feCG SH KG QhOJ L d
g d dM MG g " dbh ,YLG e jG
."MG e jG M JG
Ie dh hdG fH qCH eJG GjEG aJh
dd J fEG Fb jhf SCG U Y IQdG e
.a AHdG
j CG ```dG ``jh```dG fCG J aQ d
e fc H JG dG jdGh jYh fe ``VG``ZCG d
IG CG e eQU HY Va EG OCG dG eGdG
SCG ```dG i`` HCGh .`` `HhQhCGh I````G ``j``dG `è i`` NCGh
UN IjL KO AGLEG MG e DhdG H VG
SdG de TG jKc EG HN GjEG SQCG CG H
hO I``j``L GQO``` a ``Yh `` HhQhCG O````H ```LQ``G
.e hT
ahY cCG J Q G hdGh IG jdG d
eSEG jQG J CG LG Z e fCG T GPEG
.jhdG fCG CH M Me
qCGh ,SeHd bh g GR e fEG HCG dG bh
e G``jEG e ``gh e ``g IG ``j``dGh FGSE
Le e FGSEG ShQ Q``h .h``f S Y G
S dG dG EG dbh ,hdG fH H GjEG
bdG ````dh d dH O``` HCG ```KQ``c ``bG``Y ``d
d G`` jEG ``f``c GPEG" Fb ```H``Z Ajh ,```c ```dh``dG
."?jdG H J GPa J e jd
dG ce -jDhdG
SfG jY kGOHCG d qCG a j fGjEG jhf HCG

.dG e LGG N e jJ CG LG e
b ,hdG d GjEG ie J jJ h
hdG QG EG eN Y G ``jBG ```YCG G``jEG YdG
CG hCG ````ZG hCG dhdG HdG H j ``d G``jE
.iNCG V FSh
YEG Y eG jdG f c eN h
dGh GjEG e KOG QfG jQdG bd dhdG dcdG
e kGS S T jH YbEG EG J fc
WGG CGH HdG J eh .jhf SCG d GQb
c ,dG QfGh Q````SCG ```JQG ``KCG `è fj ```fG``jEG
edG i`è Y ``` fG``jEG ``jh```dG AdG `è O``Y b
OhdG ghY Y dH GW a dCG GJ VG
.FGSEG
GjEG a hJ ``dG bdG A``L jhdG KOG QfG
jGG GjEG qCG AGG H ijh jGe H dhe
SDGh dG YU Y VhG HdG Y GOQ
RJ CG H J dM d ```fq CG Y dO dG
,iQdG SdG GQdG H RGdG e f a

j ``NBG A``Lh ,AGOCG j jQG FQ e AL a
."QH J dhdG j jQdG jg OLhh ,AGOCG Gg
Fd e dSQ fc HfG qCG EG GQ``jhQ Q```TCGh
SdG ````H ````J IQh``` V O`` ``` MCG ``jQ``` ` G
.e jObG UNh
a J ``dG bdG SdG G``G G``g ``JC`jh
GPEG G`` jEG `è I``` dG G`````SG ``à ```FG```SEGh I````G ``j``dG
b U e d HdGh SeHdG qCG EG N
.jhf
gGdG ``b``dG G``jEG LGe IQh```V Y FGSEG Jh
e je ``H EG ```YGO ,``jh``f ``dhO H a J i``dG
Qjh .h``` dG `````f``H ``Y dG ```Y ``gQ``` LE O``` G
,dh UG IG ``j``dG be dG dG
g Lh FGSEG qCG Z ,G``jEG Le e HCG J e
.FGSEG eCGh e Y G
e I````G C` d HdG ``jQ``dG bd ```dh``dG ``d``c``dG
M KO a H G``jEG d e ``MCG fCG fL
,fdG HfG JGUCH G ```fG``jEG OCG

G jBG fGjEG IQdG Te S RJ CG bG e dGh
dGG SdG ae M Y ``dPh ,eN Y
.O MCG O fGjEG Fd
Y c KCG fdG Hfd j CG LG Z eh
fH jJ Y gQGUEG hCG fGjEG LQG SdG
.FdG QGdG eN a dGh hdG
jCG KK I`` ``dPh k`jh``j G``ÙCG R`à AG``LEG dM jh
.FdG FdG YEG j M de
YCG EG j Gfc fGjEG IOdG qCG EG Qj
GJdG J H HfG Y bEG e Qb
eY 2009 dG a O MCG fG IOYEG a J dG
.GfBG SFdG HfG Ff jhJ CH GAYOG OOJ
FdGh eN Y IQ``` dG Te ``H ``G CG ``c``j
dG `è `` j`` HEG ````T ``` ` dG EG ``` X ``b O`` `` fG`` jEG
jRh J IO`` YEG Y O`` eN ``LCG eY ``dPh 2011
.dY Y Ge GjEG FdG c dG GQSG
O MCG jhH CG fGjG AfCd "e" dch ch
jdG Hfd TJ dG G``jEG FdG T
dd fH kGe Nh RdG a Qec je
.OG aG QdG e ae
HfG JQN qCG EG bGe jh
T S KDj b SQe 2 jLCG dG eSEG iQdG
Hfd dhCG FdG qC`H Y ,G``jEG FdG T
.O MC G OG aG Qq dG J EG J
3300 e cCG 290`dG iQdG Ye Y aJ bh
eSEG cQG L e MUEG Z Sh Te
.HdG GjEG FdG N Yj
q dG
kGce 60 G`` ` ÙCG R`à ```H ``` dhCG `````G `````Hh
IQd ``` YCG Td h``jD` G ````T``G R`à a ,kHfG
.Gce 48 ae Y eN Y G jBG eSEG
q qfCG AfCd "SQa" dch YCGh
30 `dG TG j
HfG GW IFGO GbG Ff G hQj jdG
.jOU 708 GUCG Ra H
YEG bj qfCG eCG U jcG HfG dbh
FGhdG h YS 48 N IdG FGhdG jdG Ff
.YS 72 N IdG
CG GQ`` jhQ M G`` jEG SdG ````Gh ``J```dG ``bh
,GQdG e N G dG CG EG J dhCG FdG
,YCG Td A`àh j ``dG UCG QdG ee h
.eG AGOCd e QdG Gg e ALh
jL e" g Gg CG OYG Y G``jEG G ``YCGh
15
dG
dJ Ge
WGdH
c g
Ie eCG UTCG BG QT
HG e H de c g
IG ``` WG``` ``dG `` e `` j`` Gh
.HdG fjdG
e ``` H``` SCG 3 ``` b G``g``` G ``` ` fh
T 1200 `` e ``f``` e ``` `` ` ` LG
QGb P``` J ````d ``dG``G `è e
N ``c ``g ```YR S `è C```H
.G G GdG
g O``` j `` `dG ``` ` J `` d`` fhO `` `ch
GOf VJ ``b 2005 ``Y e ``c
GFW e Y Y AH bCG CG H
AjKCG YCG Ld c jh UN
.dGh c g e
GcQT T 5300 EG e bh
bEG f WdG Qbh ,eCG Ie
b ``c ``g ``f``ch ,T 2800 H
d 1997 Y dG G EG OY
.dG Y ShCG jH J dGRe
dG A````YCG f dG jh
d `` ` d ,``` ` ` ` T 60 `` `gO`` `Y `` d`` ` `dG
FdG e Y T jJ ```g
.dG
jQe Y GaEG
jfi djEGh
zIYdG { id
WGG CG cGf e Qe OaCG
G OH IYdG dG jQG
QG `` dh `` YCG `` e ````T `è``` SEG
VG HcCG NG djEG WGeh
aCG b FGG hH HGdG e
.Od U V Y
Y G`` ` ` aEG `````Y CG Q``` ` G `` ` `VhCGh
Y G`` ` àEG ``` H ``` ` G `` ``` ` ` g``dG
heG dh MdG Y Yj e WGe
H VG dG fjQe fi fGOCG
IYdG `````J `` e h``` ` dG
fjQe T L e djEG WGe
.2009 Y NGhCG
QG ``dh ``YCG Eà QG f Mh
Y j Qd ce e NG dG
`è `è Oh`` G ``b ```f```jQ``G hH
ShQ djEG WGGh VG jO
jG J e edG ,hQhCG
.eCG e UY ceH EG S
CG ``cQ``dG I```SCG YCG ,dG f h
GaEH HCG fjQG eCG dG
.Y
eSEG G OH IYdG J ch
FS `è KG G```S ``WEG ```TG ``b
cQdG G``` S `` `WEG ``H``è ```f```jQ`è
.jQG
jQG ``cQ``dG G`` `YEG ```è qCG ``c``j
.G fG
J HRhCG
bGe Gec
LG
Gec ``````HRhCG dG Vh
j G``` ` ` e 30 `` e `` ` cCG ``` bG`è
.ef
- jG Le cCG jO LQ bh
,SG Y dG Y dW -YGPEG He
LG ``j````dG G`è``c ``` Vh `` fEG
G ``c``j `` `fCG ``Z..``` ` eCG ``` ` SC
G`è```dG Vh `èGhCG e Q``Ù dG
.LG
e ``` ` S`è EG IOQG`` ` `dG A`` ` `fCG ``` ` Jh
Y Gh```XCG G dG CG HRhCG
Gec Vh dG QG``b Y gVQ
V aVEG G``L``M ``dP je ,LG
.HRhCG jdG jM
dH VQG OGeE cJ e a j Z
75EGzGGJ{LbMJQGh..dOEGfGGdhMjL47jSCGL
.GAfEG HdG hY HH M GWCG Y
e ``gCG O```J ``c ````dG G``b C` H ``` VCGh
dG G`` ` ``` ` G `````H `` H`` Lh ``J``` ` ` dG
CG EG G```è ..`````d``H d ```dR``è `è h````d
bJ aM S J dG MCG dG aGb
dG aQ H H hY HH M Qe Y
e jdG HJQ adG dG e ;dNO
.H QRG
,Z gH QdG WdG G FQ f bh
jd cJ Y e a EG QTCG dG AfCG
a dG EG Ge .dH jQdG VQG
.cJ dhDG e J e
b ``` ZhCG OhGO ``` MCG ``c``dG ``` LQ``G `` jRh `` ch
AYCGh ,Z gH SEG G Ae SG
AdG SGh ,T 12 e G ,``d aGG adG
.YS N
U ``` eCG f ``d ```j````J ````Z `` bh
GYG `` ` V`` e dhJ :`` ` `c`` dG ``jQ``` ` L
dhDe LG j fCG GcDe ..ffEG
bG EGh G QdG G e hCG GJCG jY
.fG Y e QG
eCd Y e a dM f :bh
a f EGh ,dG H hdG hCG dG
.cJ dhDG e J e
cdG ` eO
c WdG IOb e hdG FGb WEG h jT

dG CG EG G```è .IQh``` G A``` MCG ````H ```j``G
GM T SGh YG M Gk NDe T QdG
QdG dG EG G bh .M e T 500
,G ee hY HH M d IjDe Ie YCG
NO ,jQdG jQNEGh fdG :Jb GeCG CGh
EG a .G `èCG je Vd ``G
CGh G e OY d G EG aM N NO
bGdG SdG e d GeCG G H
k ae k b QdG L dG Y jb T
H M VJh ,ec H Re KK J Y SCG
.hdG FGH jT d dG
M JQH ,jQdG IQd edG dG OaCGh
eCG Gb UUH jQdG fG U dG
ZCG b 75 EG G G J L
M jQdG IQdG Y cCGh .M je
M hO Ic GQfG GUCG CG ,G fi
d M j H ``jO VJ c ,``j``d``G
50 f e ,fEG jQdG dG YCG

fG GdhM ,jL 47 H ;eCG jQS T
T bGdG - ``dOEG dG QdG ``HCG Qe
IH L eH aCG c ,eGYEG a - OdG
.dG
L `è I```M ``jQ dG b ```c
.RG e c OY GMEG EG iOCG ,QhG
b EG JdGh HLh jdG AMCG VJh
Sh IM dG H ``M bG c ,Y
eO jH Sb IH T c ,c Qf WEG
.k e k eCG GQk fG
hNh b 75 S YCG b dG fch
G J L ``G fl I``g```J 619
QH Q````dG FdG ```f SEH dd G
T O```dG T bGdG ``dOEG afi CGh ,```SCG
,GgJ 106 hN IM T a ,IgJ 143 hN
60 LN ``M ,I``g```J 85 h``N a M `èCG
M h ,``` bP``dG I``g```J 44h ,`` YQO I``g```J
e ZdG Y ,IgJ 42 LN OdG Sh bGdG
.H QRG e jdG JQG
eO UdG i``NCG G``g```J I``Y ``L``N c
c .``b``dGh ``S``W``Wh `````Gh Qh`` dG `` jOh ``` ` jQh
zLCG jdG{ G H d TGhh zdG{H L Qe 50 `H U :e

SQe `è``HhCG IQGOEG qCG QG ``` VhCGh
e Yd HdG h`` dG Y kWV
eG H JYh dG GYG e
e ``cCG e H EG aVEH HdG
dG fdG h``dG e QhO Qe 20
fdG ``àhO b H ``Yh ```dGh
HdG h`` `d ``` e``` J G``Y``` ` e ````V
.HdG
SQ `` ` `j`` eCG qCG Q``` ` G `` ` ` cq CGh
dG H YOG c e Y kWV
Y dG S qfCG EG kGe ,jeCG
dG QG``` SCG ``Y kjb i``NCG UJ
G ``` ` ``` ` e `` H `` `` ` dG
.jeCG IQGOEGh dG
fc EG JjJ QG j h
SdG e GjJh J g
I`` `NCG `` ` `jCG ``K``M `` b `` ` j`` eC G

G ````j`èCG H `````dG b
e dh ,LCG jdG b
kGe ,QYG H GjdG g NCJ
q ``fq CG EG
jeCG G GSG
dN e e VhJ bQc
. Se cCG Y G
CG UG JjJ QG fh
d QhG c QcdG eM J
e CGh ,CdG Gg H hCG jb e j
q
,Mh dG G `à``` ``c
k de
MU e b QhG qCG Y
AdG G`` ` Y ``` ` a `` jQ`` ` `` `G ``` ` FQ
GaEG CH e qEa dHh ,Gh
MU Y GH c AdG fL e
.AGQRdG FQ
``ÙYCG `````b O```Y ````JQG

``T
40 EG `````jeCH ````JdG
k
U g CG Y e Qe c
Hh ````G idG G ``H ``
jeCG H d ,jeCG IQGOEG
.LCG jdG b G 16 `dG
e ```` ``````dG `` g EG `` bh
Qe 50 e cCG EG J GYe e
e QhO Qe 3^5 Y IQY e L
GQe 3 ,b e GQe 4 ,jOdG
Qe 1^3 EG aVEG ,HdG GQeEG e
jJh ,jeCG jY GYe QhO
hU `è I````è ``Vh``b ```è ``` e
Qeh QhO Qe 3^4 H hdG dG
H `è Qe fh h`` dG dG `è
.jaEG dG
HCGh AdH QG SG J J zIYdG{ :dG

cdG ` AU
RjhQ ` fjfEG
Gh ,jeCG ShCG dG e ST We JY UYCG MLG
Jd ;jh K bCG Y T 27 e Y SCG - G
.YSCG SG Jb jT UGY AGL ,bCG Y 40 EG dG LEG
,S GQG```VCG ```CGh ,R``è `èO UYCG EG dhDe ``bh
jh L kT 13 e EG iOCG WG fl c MWCGh
.jghCG jh KGh IQhG cc jh 12 Y a ,fjfG
e O```H QG``` VCG EG G ``` ```dG ``ÙG```dG ``L`è OCG ``` LEGh
.bdG G eHCG Mh HL fjfEGh jghCG e jdG
G cdG QhS ``fEG H fjfEG ``jh cM fGO e ``bh
fg e UGdG e GQJ TCG WG eh .jdG T L
dG XCGh H WCG bh ,RG fjJ d VhCG PEG fjfH
H j gh ,fjfEG dGh PfEG Y G e IPNCG fjdG
UYCG AGL kT 13 e fjfEG hDe cCGh .IQG G VfCG
dG IQGOEG SH e ```YCGh .``j``dG T L We ``HQCG
e dhDe YCG a ,jdG ALQCG T 13 e cc edG
.jdG We iMEG T e jghCG jh
Mh ShCG dG e G j N UYCG e jdG iLh
g b ```HG``HCG ``L```Gh ``SQG``G ````ZCGh ,I````G ``j``dG ```T ```L
13 V GQ ,SCG e HS bh UYCG e S H UGdG
.Jh jGh Qheh Sfc T
CG EG ,bT dh ,b CG``g b UGdG CG G``H dG M `èh
.UYCG e je hM MG e QM OUQCd edG dG
2012 dG j CG e hG VG SCG IjdG UGdG YVh
H T 550 e YCG UYCG e Gje JW H j eY
b N Yf e jV bQ YCG gh ,OdG ALQCG fl VG dG
.OUQCd edG dG FME ah
cdG -IgdG
jYh eCG GAG``LEG QG Sd

e fi ``M ```SG``G jd IOe
dU G``` Y ```Y ``H````dG `````dG ````F``dG
eh ,dG IM MV e c
eL Q```T `è YG LdG jb
Y A``` dEG `è ``dP `àG``Jh ,```H```dG h`` dG
MdG ``j``jD` e ``````SG ```SG`è ``d``Ù
NG ddG LQG
.AU UdH SFdG QGO
AdG je e QG SG GNEH
jCG Y QhdG e dG e Y
Re ``` Y ``` ` ` N `` d`` ch ,`` S`` G G`` ` b
dG ``S``G G`````` IQh`` ` `G ``` WG``G
.IH QJ
AdG je g b b QfG ch
QGVCG G``MEG EG iOCG eCG U HS bh
.IH a HdG LR h RH
HJ G`` ` b ``` V`à ,`` ` `NBG ``` ` ` U `` ` Yh
dG Y dG IYdG J J
U ,e IQH ```f ```dG ``jQ````fG
HdG (dG M) e aSGh ,``èCG
L A``````dG ```f`è Q``` ` G ``S````d
.dG HZ
e ``Ù```Y CG I``Y``` dG d ``` H `` cPh
IQS jW Y dG H eb dG
SG IOb e eJ Y SCG ;e
.IQh iNCG e e edH QG
b HdG I``j``G IYdG J ``ch
AHQCG SG ``dG QfG dG J
SCG dGh ,eM SFQ Gb VG
.b 26 S Y
UCGh ,``` ` Y``` ` e ``` ` d `` b `` ` `KG `` `ch
QfG ,OL H e hH h``NBG HQCG
AdG j dG QGO `èCG e IQS
.dG
QfG EG ``` eCG ``` ``` eCG Q```è `` bh
QGO `à`````SG ````è IQ``` ` S ``Y ```f h`` `G
SG ``` ` j ,``` ` ` Y ``b`è `` gh - ``` ` ` dG
e ``cCG EG jT Uh ``bh - Q````G
IQhG RG e GdG QJh e c
.dG Ib e QfG
QfG ``` ` Sh ``j``` ` ` dG O`` `Y G`` ` j h
fCG cDJ QOG CG EG ,dG M d
Gf ``M``Gh dG `è GdG j ``b
.Jd
N ````T ``b A``````dG ```j`è ``f``ch
dJ ITM GgJ VG dG jCG
!!jQf LGQO e Y jQS G jQS è `Hhg ÙJ hJ fa Ù

fGOh aH db hY HH chCG ``Q fdG dG
.Te H aGSG iL fq CH GT fq EG
j c ``dG jQGdG e ``HGh ``WEG dG bh
.j fc M bDe eYEG Gce hj e Y
ej a IOGg H j c hY HH b qEG aH dbh
eY aVCGh .AGdG OG hj eY a b bJ e
.Me j QH dj SdG c HdG J fc
``èCG ```MCG d ```dh``dG dG ``cP ``NBG U Yh
EG UdG e ffEG GYG e jQdG dG qCG L
.GdG Y dG d M IUfi e
eYEG jdG Ofa H dG SH G cDj h
HH e EG fG Uh Y GOb Va MCG dG CH
fEG :```f``CG A``` fCG dcd ``bh .G ``èGC jH h```Y
J bY G dG Yh .hY HH d d M
H eCG GQYG EG dGh ffEG GOGeEd MCG dG
.JG Y eG J dG dG e jJ T
e GYh g jd dhfi hCG fch .FLEH dJ gh

VQCG f N e jG QN HG jNBG M S
e EG UdG e SCGh jH U h .a b
df Y fc c hQa d d aH hQh .eBG
G e AdG b e Gec KK dW e f Y
.dG eG GdG b eY G QdG
jQH ``LGQO `è Y YH QGd ```fGOh aH VGh
j fCG M EG dG Ye c e J aH fch
.cM Y IdG feEH
dG VQe bG bS ddG HUEG d Y Hh
bW ee d EG IQS ``Y FLEG ``dh``fi Q````dG
.eBG Re dc GeSGh jdG dG f Od jS
W Y Ge IY dN bdG j c dG MdG bSGh
.jCG HQCG QeCGh K Sh G dG
SCGh ```V``G ``jG`à 22 ``bh ``dG ````dG ``Y jM h
QGh dc Qe J GU H dG e Y
``````j````J
cdG -jQH
``Ù``M ```dG HG fdG dG aH `` jOEG hQ

He IUG M je e G Hhg jCG d jQS
.eCG fdG hQa d U e
jdG jQdG Jd dG eY 31 dG `èq `bh
M fCG G```V``Y d Fb ,``jQ```S `è QG``` dG Y ``gh``Y```S
.LCG e dG Ga d .LCG e d
d `````Ù ``d````d I`` M ```````c ````J ``` dG ```à``H O`` `Yh
EG e J fc ``dG QG eY 34 fGO jhh hQa
.d e d SQCG eM IFW e Y G jQH
N bS d VJ dG HdG dG e ``ch
jeCG U e Y SCG VG SCG M Y g
.VG SCG N fa b QKCG fah
ffEG Y Fe dSQ dG a gT Ie NBG fch
M hY HH M JG Y j bDe e e
He
IQMh jQJ UdH jd hdEG e àfi be TJ
fdG - e
g H OS dG e jYQ bCG
,e `à``h ``dh``dG `` jRh `````S```dG
e a be TJ M ,eCG U
GjH ``f``fEG ```dh``dG `è````G T
H S dG IOS QH ,aG ``Y
,e `à`` ``F``f `````S```dG ``` gG``HEG
UCGh ,``à```G Qe `````dG IO``` ` Sh
dGh ````è ``` a`` Ih IO``` ` ` dG
gdG G```Y ``H Uf ```dCGh .aH
EG a b ,c ,eG J IFGO je
dG UH q j e a be
N Ge e eh ,IQMh kjQJ
MU I````M IO````H ``cQ``` G ``````dG ```Y
G `````S ``H ``S``H``b ``````dG ``d``G
.YQh G Mk f QNG e bG Gg TJ eGjh ,zje zMdG e ```dO{ be TJ G G a j dG fhdEG ed aVEG j ``à```G ``b`è C` H ``` VCGh
MdG Y kjJh kMS dOh
.dG aVEG d HdG Md UY e Je{ ```j``G i```dG ``jQ```è ``J``YCG ``dG J c .````JGh eG J QH k Uh ``` b``dG ``` Y ``` ` `è``` ` e
jQdG bdG dch e hdH G jJ he M Y M
ddGh jdG dG dG M WdG DG aG
jDhdG -e
jDhdG -e
G OQG`èh bEG jdG IQGRh ``èCG U f

SeHdG OdH jQdG bd dhdG dcdG e hdH
jYQ ``dPh ,G aJ jJ ``M Y M jH
hDd IQGR`` dG ```ch ```dG ``H Y SG IOS
dG cGGh SDG e OY QHh G OQGe
.LQNh dG NGO e dhDG e OY fL EG
je dG M H S SG dCG G jGH h
d e cQH a MQ c G OQG`è J Y
N S ```dG dG GQhCG `è IO`````SGh ````dG
aJ jd Ya dBG OjEG gCG EG kGe G YCG
.jG dGh dG GSH G
cCG IQGR`` `dG ```Y `` bQh ````dG S ``S````G ``b ```c
bd dhdG dcdG H J dG IQOG g gCG a
N e G aJ jJ e AYCG hdG d ;jQdG
dG MdG e FG OQGG d eT SGQO AGLEG
M .Gh IG FdG H e J IY GSH
jJ he ) SG Y WCG dGh IQOG g CT e fq CG
GdG j Y AYCG h``dG YJ CG ,(```G aJ
GQdG A```Hh h ```L``dhQ````dG ``f````dG IO``L``G
OQGH G fdG Jh IQGOEGh L WdG
LdhQdG dG Ic eG dG GSGh ,FG
.JQGOEG Wh FG OQGd
eh Ff G J S ``fCG dG ```VCGh
VG IdG N IQGRdG Jf dG jQG d dG
FG VdG Y G id dG J fT e dGh
d eGG dG d `` JQGOEG ch ,dG
G Fc e dG e jdG eSG M QOG
Q`` ` ` c`` dG IO`` ` `` `S `` ` YQ

IQGRh ```ch ````S``G ````S ``H
eCG dG hD````d dG
WdH ``````dG ``` ` dG ````
dG M WdG DG aG
ddGh jdG dG
dG IQGRh f dG
.ddGh jdG hDT IFGO
L ``` ` c `` ` `` àG ``` ` ` J
hD` ` ` ` T I`` ` ` `FGO `` j`` e - `` ` `` `G
J `` d`` ` `` `dGh `` ` j`` ` ` dG
e ```dG ``f```G EG a
dG `` ` ` fCG ``` j``` ` dG
H dG h eY dG
gG a fG ```dGh ,`Ù``N
dGh ````S```SCG ``````dG
QOGd G HG fL EG
IOb Y ```JQ``b d I````G
gGh ``` ` ` j``` ` dG `` è`` `G
QOGc f q CG Ve ,dG
EG ```Ùh dG jdG
DG Gg e :G ``bh .%65
da S V e ``MGh EG
dG IQGRh d N He
dG ````dG ``j```Jh ``j````d
eG IOL d jdG
`` gG`` dG `` ` `Y `` ` ` ` G `` e`` ` `G
J e IOSd VjdG PdGh G FdGh

.G Yfh c
J jCG N I S dG M YCG q CH Y
jdG IQGRh S M dG GQhCG e GOY dN
Jh IQGOEG jQe GH Y bQh G OQGeh bEG
Y f J cT QS c .dH FG OQG``G
.cdG H J dG aG G J SGQO M bQH
M SHb dG eL eJ Y bQh EG aVEH
aG G J eG H J dG SGQdG
Fe OQG`è N e Y ``bQhh dG FdG SGQOh
aJ ``j```J h```è ``M ``jQ``dG ``b````d ```dh``dG ``d``c``d``H
.G
ad fGe Y ``MQ dG M MS c
d ``dPh ;``jQ``dG bd ```dh``dG ``d``c``dG `è Q````G
G gCG IQjR N e d LdG dG Y
.Y T L jH OhdGh aCc FG
cH dGh dG FGM P M IVfi j dG dG
G jDhdG :VGe dhJ

,`` d`` ` `` `dGh `` ` j`` ` ` dG `` è`` `
,dG ``` ` dG ``` ` ` JG``` SG
,GQGdG P```JGh G dG
G ``` SQ``` G ``` Y `è``Y I``` f
VGSG ,``dOCGh gGdG Y
deh `` ` `j`` ` `dhCG ,`` ` `` `` `G
,HdGh G VG /VG
,dG dGh eG SQG
``````G ````G ``j````dG
XdG jdG ,dG dG
.dG dG
(250) e cCG DG QT
SDG ``` ` `` e k` cQ`` ` ` e
dN ``` V``Mh O``` d``H ``````dG
dG IQGRh `` è h`` `` ` V`` `
eh dG dG h
.G GdG
bh :`` ` VCGh .``````dG ``` ` dGh

g dG IQGRh `è``b
G ddG e OH IFGdG
G ``` SQ``` Gh `````dG ````d``H
IQGR`` dG J ```c ,``gG``dG ```Y
UN ``` ` Y ``` H AG`` ` ` LEG k` ` d``M
jdG `` ` a `` H ``` UG``` d``H
KCJh ```SQ```G ````dGh ``jO````dG
.dG eG IO``L Y dP
dG MCG QcdG ``b dc
G Yd dG je
dG dG dGh
dG ````dG ```` ``Y ```V``Y
e `è````dG ``` dBGh ``J``Ù`````NGh
YO H dG HCG ee
dG MdG e Jh
.dG IOL e cCdG EG aVEG
Y GQhCG ````Y ``D` G ```b``f
`dG `d hCG `Yo De J SHb dG eL
jDhdG -e
dGh dG ``FG``M eJ dG `è``Gh dG ``g

YJ ``` dG `àG``G `è ``g``Zh ``````dG ``cG``Gh G``````c
SDG JGSG EG J c KH RG Y MdG
dG LMH dG dG Hd dGh IQGOEGh dG
QHG ``YO H ```dG ``W```Gh `àR```Gh Gh
FG d bO H ShQe J CG j dGh ,GHEGh
HdG Y MdG gH .e ILG GgCG h
,JQjR N Y WG dGh dG dG fdG
d ObG fG SSh QGSG h eCG CG GcDe
h ,Q``` ` HGh G`` ` HEG `` YOh ``j``Y``d ````S```G `````dG `à``j
q CH e ``cP c G G``g aGh ``N``dG e dG
f 2001 dG H e H OGORG cJ GQOdG M
bh .IdG ``g ``N cJ JT ``dG SdG QGSd
dG eL Y ee J Fe VY IVG MU
UCG M d jQdG QdGh cH dGh d ShCG
dW dCG jYh HQCG Y jj e YJ VG bdG
kGce HQCG Y fCG c ,dG dG
.kjCG kH kG 365h kH
P{ G````H I```V`` G``NDè dG dG f

dGh d ``` ShCG ````dG eH dGh dG ``FG``M
b GP ``L`` EG ``Ò``cCG dG j cH
FG dG jG Ff ,JH aCG QcdG gdCG dGh ,zdG
.cH dGh d ```ShCG dG eH dGh dG
dG dG YO cdG HdG Y VG
c J dGh aGh dG FGM AfEG N e QHGh
G cdG Hh dGh OcCG SDG H Uh
G aG jd SG dG aJ EG J ```dGh
ObG ``F``Y GP Y e EG ``Ò``cCG ````dG `è
EG ```V```G `` bh .Q````H``d ````V``G ````````d ``Y````LGh
QHGh dG dG jYQ `` cdG HdG
ah fc EGh iNCG Q Y f J a ,dGh OGfH
e IOSG e cdG G IOLG Gh hd
cJh W e aGj G Gg dG dG dG
cJ dG dG EG VG J c .cdG G
QaCG YOh Jh dG d gCdGh jQdG Y G
IFdH OJ dG jdG G N e jQGh GQO```Gh
dG Q```Jh Q`` gORG c H gS ``dGh ,G Y
AfEG gCG EG VG J gH .cJ LddGh
UG dG H YCG T jd dGh dG FGM
e JGSG GgCG d ;OcCGh dG dGh
,fEG bh dG dG H IdG OQh ,dG dG
SDG gC idG cdG GQOEG N e dP jh
dG Nh ,JYUh Je jJ OcCGh dG
VG dEG J dG QhG eh .dG dG adG
jG AdEG EG DG j :hdG QcdG b

G SQG VJ dG G Y AdG e
efH Y IO UJ Vhh ,dG Gd
h ,``j````dG ``g LGe EG ```j e
dG GQhCG N e G dG dG Y
dG TQh N eh DG Gg eGh dG
WJh `` eOE`` c J ``Y```V`` G
dG ```dGh d dG ```dGh GQ``` G
iNCG YVe EG aVEH ,gGGh WCd
dG ``HG````VGh dG ``HG````V``c
AYCG ``fA`èR f h IO`` `dGh ```G ``MG`è
YLGh f UNG e dG jdG
g IjL kKHCG dEG a jdG gh
d `````dG `````M```d ``` G A``` YEGh ``` G
EG OD` ` j `` A``` ` dG IQD` ` H ``` ` ` Vhh ``` d``` YCG
j Y e N dHh ,dG dG J
.G EG JYTEH
O`dG IG`g `H `fEd `dG jQJ IQhO

FGOCG ````S```SCGh ``j```f `è ``à``Y
.OdG Y dG d
e J jQdG IQhdG g qCG cj
U dG jQdG GQh``dG V
FYC J Y G IQGOEG
dPh ,fEG hCG Qcd AGS jG
dG aG aRdG cEG H
e qh OdG ``dBG Y dG
qgG Gh qJje jJ
I`` L`` G `` ` ` aG`` gCG ``` ` h ``q ` ` ` dG
j ``jQ```dG qCG M ,O````d `àR```c
dBG Y dG J SSCG dG
jW dG j q ` K `èh O```dG
jQGSG ``N `è ge J
``cQ``` ` Gh `````G `è ``` UG``` dGh
eJ `` ` `dG `` ` d`` ` ` dGh `` èG`` `dG
.AYCd
jDhdG -e
d hCG Y De dG eCG U aG
q dGh dG
dG H cdG dG b f
hdH SHb dG eH dG dGh
dPh dG AWCd G G e
FQ dG OS H Y QcdG IOS jYQ
.GDG YH eG
H M Qcd MJ H aG M CGH
b ,eH dG dG QSG hdG Uf
EG kGc fOhGQ dG G qM QG Gg q EG a
IU e aWCG ifh ,dG f Se M
Y j IG Gh HdG dG AedG
AGQBG dOjh G `èCG bj Y ``VQCG
jf j G``G cQjh ,Q``àCGh
Y EG QTCGh .jdG je e eCG
M EG ``D`G j ```dG G`` gCG `è
16
eGdGh dG
edG bdG
IFGO ) dH FGHG G QUCG
aGG MCG j IG L (G
-LCG - G ``fGOE` H nM 2012/2/19
Od ``N``dG ````Lh `````dG ````L
hCG ``Y ````bh ,``Yh```è ``Z ```j```H
dH fdG Yh k jQ N eGdH
ZJ ,k `` ` jQ ``j``` ` Y `èG``` dGh ````T I``
OdG `è O`` `Wh ``` TCG ````Jh ``H``` ` dG
.WG IQOeh
jQH fCG EG iYdG Fbh N M
q 2012/1/10
b e G Y dG
bdG dH ``dPh G ``c``G
dG A`` YOG b `è HGSHh .`è```dG
NO fq CH JGh ,dEG G H YG
,mkffb IOG ceCG Z eh N OdG
q Yh
G dGY EG q dG dMEG
.QcG G H QUh ,G
GS jT dG
dGh dG ffG
AcH FGHG G QUCG
L (```` `FG```G I`` ` FG`` ` dG)
aGG ``` KG ``j ```Ù I`````G
G ```fGOE` `H k` ` ` M 2012/1/16
d d dSQ SQEG H
dG G`````SGh ,`è```dG GOBGh
dH dG Y dH JeG
JOG H ``` ` KD` Gh ``` dGh
JG J fb e ( 3/61)
FGL ae ``f``b `è (16) h
I Y Sh ,eG J
`` èCGh `` `jQ ``F`è `èG``` dGh ````T
edCGh ``` ` ` dG ``H``` Y `` ` `jE` `H
.FGG ahG
EG i``Y``dG ``F``bh N ```M
eG `````J ``j````b IQGOEG ````J
G e Hc iT dG AYOEH
fgEGh d VJ gOe Y
SQEH dPh ,G b e eGdG
fhdEG ``bG``G `` MCG ``f```H
fc ``` j `` e ``````J ``` f``` ` dG
dGh dHh ,Q``b `è ```jh
dG ;G EG UdG
q dG
H ``` dG A`` `YOG `` èCG `` YG
G EG MCG Yh ,dEG G
.QcG G H QUh G
100 eGZh TCG HQCG

RGHGh jd jQ
ffG SGH
dH ``` FG``` HG `````G Q`` ` ÙCG
j IG L (FGG IFGdG)
fGOEH kM ,2011/8/17 aGG AHQCG
e e IRM H ~ LCG~ G
Y Sh ,edG GOBH SG fCT
Sh ,RG```HGh jdG Lh ,kGT
dG ```Y ``` ` dG ````Lh ,kG``` ` T ````Y
Jh S Y Sh dGh dH
ZOEH ```G `è ``` dG ````d `` jQ `` dCG
HdG e j CG Y ,b HdG
Fe eGdGh TCG HQCG dG TCG
IQO ``` Gh ``b``` dG ``b``jh `` `jQ
OWh ,``G ```JQG G R```G
.GS N I OdG e G
J i``Y``dG ``F``bh `````N ```M
A`` YOE`` H `è``` G `````J ``j``` ` b IQGOEG
CH Y G `è Hc iT ```dG
e e UGj jdG kT
UGdG be jW Y dG Q``N
b ``` M (`` ` `H ``` ` ` dG) `` Y`` ` `` `LG
UN Weh QH gjH
aH ````d``W `` `fq CGh ,`````Y d O```J
Y He (``JQ`èEG ``gQO ``dCG N)
dG `````dGh ````d``Hh gH `è```b
EG Q````M Q`àh G EG UdG
q ```````dG
LGh ````Y `````dG
Yh ```H `` YCG ``` dEG I`````G dH
QUh ,G G EG dMEG
.QcG G H
k e 290 Y dG j MGdG N
jDhdG - e
hJ c `èR``dG GQ``` G J
dGh dG dGh OdG dBG
dGh `è```G GQOEG ch ,```dG
OdG Y cQG J dG jdG
dG ````H ``` Y ``jQ``` dGh ,``` a``Yh
HQG J e Xd SG
SCdG OG``G `è O``Y Yh O```dG

dBG Y ```dG h ``Y H SG
bCG Y dG e ,UN H OdG
eGh SG ````dGh O```dG ``dBG
Hch IAG`` b EG `à```VE``H ,``````S``G
a `````dG ``f``G `` ` eq CG ,``J``` dG
IQh`` ` dG O`` ` `dG IG`` ` g ``` ` ` ` H CG`` ` `H

Y `` ` dG ``` ` ` ` ` SC` ` dG ``` ` jQ``` dG
`` MCG `` j `` `dPh `àR``` ` d O`` ` `dG `` `dBG
,TCG ``K``K I`` Jh 2012/2/26
q
jh
SY M SCG jQH
g ``` J ```M ,`````G IQGOEG G`` ` `TEG
N dG fdG jQdG IQh``dG
IQhdG f q CG M ,fEd G
dBG Y ```dG SCdG jQdG
e ``c ejh ,Q``c```d Ie O```dG
HQG YdG h jdG dN
.OdG dBG
EG ````jQ```dG IQh`` ` dG `` g ``````Jh
j ``` M ``` ` Yh `` ` `f ``` ` ` b
dBG ``jQ``J Y ````dG ````dG ``f``G
q ``j``dG
a Y dG A```dEG
QhH fdG ```Y ``W```T O``` TCGh .```````dG
Y dG GgS ``j``dG Gh ```WG``G
QGSG EG bdG f YGO ,G AD` g
Y IQ``` N `è ```````G j `` h``` ` dG G``g
FGG ```JQG Y fGj M ``èCGh G
.jOG SG d
jDhdG -e
N ``MG````dG ```N ``W```T IO``` b `` LQ ```
k e 290 ```Y dG `è ```V``G ````SCG
e
dPh ,fdG bEG G L
.Yhe Z jH OdG NO e b
k e (169) MJ
q a
G e
17
`Hè
j QX jH fl
QdG SQe W
dG dN -dU
IFGH YdG b QX jH f
jJ IQ`` jR kG``ND` e `` YEGh `è```dG ``b```dG
G `è SSCG d Q```dG SQe d
jjd ``H```dG ``j````dG (10-5 ) ```f```dG
W Y ``W``d ``dPh ;``d``Ù jd `è```dG
eG ILCG Y qdGh dG a
.jG UdG AGLEG
jdG `` ` `S ``` ` ` S ``` H ``` W`à `` d`` bh
e ``` dG q EG `` YEGh `è``Y ``b``Y UNG
H dG ``Y``dG ie `àQ ``g IQ``j``dG ``g
a `` `W ``` Y ``` Y``WG `` `N `` e ``` ` ` dG
gCH jJh ,IOG Vh ,FGdG dG
jbd jG aGG gCG e fc dG G
jJ ``f``L EG `è```dG `````dG ```Y ``` Gh
edG dG dG ```SQ`````H ```dG
GQjdG g e q CG VhCG c FGdG OGG e
JCJ G jdG aG jdG HdG
FGTh a id YdG adh H jdG Q``WEG
Gh G gQhOh aGG g gCH dG
T J IQjdG g N q h . G eN
e cCdG Wh dG a MGe Y Le
fi VhCG M ;`èOBG Sd MU
gCG G b FQ b e S H
j ``d``N `è j ``dG ````dG G QhOh
Sd ``````G ``` FG``` dG OG`` ` G ```M``Ù
EG aVEG ,dG `è gN `è ``cC``dGh ,`` eOBG
IG FGdG dG Y dG H dG
GSCG `è QhO H ``NC`J ```dGh SEd
e dH jh Y e eR efH V
``è```dG ``j````d``H ``````G `Ù`````NG ``` L
jG UdG AG``LE ``j``ZCG ``H``bQ ``
``è```dG ````dG e ````M `èR``dG
EG AGdG H fi e gZh HGh YG
jCG e gN e cCd G Y a fL
h iNCG L eh .edG dH J Ke
dG G j dG JeN jJ Q``WEG
edG i``NCG eG GG e dH
U `è``N O``` L ```Y```d ``` G ````f
jdG GQ``j``dG g q CG cj .jbhh G
jYdG eGdGh ddG e S V JCJ
J ```dGh 2012 d jdG H ``LQ``G
dTCG G jYdG WdG e dG
J dGh GVGh Heh M H
jEG ````H ``````G ```J``H```fh ``à```G `` jh
.G OGaCG c EG YdG dSQ
H FdG dG N
bdG H adG
G dh - bdG T
JQjR dGh HG dG U J
dGh Hd edG jjG HdG SQGd
H HL SFH ``dPh ;bdG T a
dGh ```H``dG I`` jRh Qe ``` dG ```S`è
dGh adG Y aG He hDd
Y.O Q`````Hh dG A````YCGh ````SQ``G dG
edG ``j``j``G `` Y ``j`è ``` UG``G ``` U``f ``H
M ;bdG T a dGh Hd
IQjH hCG ``K```dG `` jCG ``N `````dG `è``b
,dG d ``````dG G``` Y ``H ```M ``SQG`è
ShCGh ,```S```SCG d ``H G``Y ```SQ`èh
H ``gRCG SQeh ,SSCG d edG H
d Q````dG ```SQ`èh ,```S```SCG d ```Y
SQeh SSCG d he SQeh SSCG
JQjR dG Jh .SSCG d VG
bGdG ``SQG``G EG ``L```d``H ``Y```dG S ```H
eeh GgCG Y cdH dPh YdG Y
SZ ```è ``` ZQh ``````dG `````d``H ```H````G
dG Y aGh ,ad dG dG
IOqhG ddG T Ad J c ,dGh
dG ```Y IQO``` dGh `````dGh ``H``dG ````d``H
h Jh J dch ,AdG dG dGh
eGdG `è ``j```dG J f dG ``SQG`è
Y J dGh G jHdG fCGh
dGh dGh adG KdG HG Qh``fi
kH H e HGGh fG UdG g
dG J ee ``j``H``J `è```è Q`` WEG
AH Y J ```dG dG `è ``j```dG ```d```dGh
Mh WGGh AfG b SZh ffEG GdG
.QHGh dGh aG
dG .. G GVj dG GVQh dG
zjdG hDdG{`H Xe 700 `d bEGh QGG GQe Yj zQOGdG e {

bh ,dG bh jdGh jG FSdG
Ya (``Y``` L) Qh`` H ``j``d``H `` ` bhCG ``
A``` ` YCG ``` bh ,`` ` `YCG ``L``H ````L``d
AGOCG Y d dEG UN GQjH ``bhCG
IcdG CG Y cdG `è) hdG EG JcR
AGa ```Y R````S ``j``dG `è ``ò ```S ```dG
(jdG f
GQe) G````H i`` NCG ````dG ``` TQh A`` Lh
HCG Me Qahd (dGh QHGh G``HG
Y GHEG dT IQhV a VhCG dG ,dG
e IOLe J IjL Ia W e f
jL G`````SG hCG I``j``L ````Xh `````cGh ,```b
``` SGQ``dG ``` ` KCG :`` `bh ,O``L`è A````d
;fl QJ MG e b G Gg CG QHG
Y ``Y```G EG j ``c SdG da
cGJh jdG J Y gMh dhDG g fCG
Y UGG e Y GVh bh ,IQG
Mf `è ````````dG ``` Y ``` G ``` ```F```V
SGQdG CG EG ,`è``Y `è ``jQ``` ` HG `````g`è
Jh I``j``L de dG EG aVCG jG
NG CGh ,he SdG L CG dG g
LQdG ```NG ``g `ÈG Q````HG ``S```dG ``H
g c a ,FG IdH eCG .dG dh
Y dG GY H ``gGR G d IVfi
eCGh ,(jdG OTQEG dGh KCdG GQe)
,NBG ``f``L `èh .``cQ````G ````j``dG QOG````d `è``Y
KG M ```dG d G da J
dG TQh g dG S M ;O```dG
Mh dG SJ H jdG QOdG Y{ :GY
TQhh ,ZCG dU H YSEG Qcd zjdG
S Vd jdG fCG `` Y Y
jdG QOdG QhO Y Y TQhh ,FdG S H
,dG ``` ` G `è `è``` ` dG `` èCG ````
dG dBGh FXdG d iNCG IVfih
.SdG Y H MCG Vd
IVfi g a ,FG IdH `èCG
bhCG jRh dG GY dG IVfi
GVQ Q````àh```d i`` `NCGh ````j``dG hD` ` ` dGh
.dG
fG OY -jDhdG
e jObG dG J CG Icd dN
jJ jQe IcdG e FdG QSG N
IOjR EG ```J ```dGh IdG jQG `è``bEGh
.edG fEG IOjR dHh IdG SCG NO
dG HdGh jdG gCG EG G Jh
dG YdG OLh Y e jG IcdG LGJ
j ``dG dG Qh`` dGh h`````dG `è```H
QeCH dG i``d dG YdG aJ ``Yh ,``H
,IcdG `````fCG ``Ù``N ,I``c``d``H G YdG
Lh h``` T `àG``J ``ZQ AG``` a ```fC`H ``````Jh
SG eYEG iG aJ Yh ,Y IcdG
e c Q```jEGh ,JeNh hdG QhO Vd
e ``cC` ` dG ````H ``````fC`H ```J``cR `àO ``c``G
JcH hCG ``gA``H``bCG CGh ,d aU
SdG `` èCG ``c``G `` eP CG`` J ``` Mh ``g``Z `è
SG dG iG aJ Yh ,IcdG aH
Y ``g``KC`J ie Y ``KD`j G``gh ,I```G
aO IQhVh ,IcdG AGOCG gCH YbEGh cG
dG bdG fdG aJ ``Yh ,hdG EG
.SG ie jJ Y QGdG e J
d ``M```G ``` G ````H ```g :`` ` VCGh
YdG Y cdG :e ;jdGh G
gQhOh ,gCGh IcdG Yh G jdG
iG `` aQh ,`` H`` dGh `````dGh ``Y````LG
FSdH `` `NCG `è ``Y``` dGh ````dG `` e`` YEG
RGHE ;dG G```d ```cG``G ```j``G ``è``YEG
GSGh ,JeNh hdG QhOh IcdG gCG
FSdG :e ;jG jdG jYdG FSh
e gZh ..IOG FSdG FSQh ,IdG
FSQ EG A``` ` TCG ``j`` ,``Y``` ` Gh ``` ` eCG

EG c HdG Uf dG Lh K ,HjEG
gQhO ```Y `à`` CG ```j ``fCG EG ``` YGO ,ICG`` `G
c Y GcDe ,G dDeh SSCG
,G aJh JUNh O````G ICG`` G
dG IQh``` V EG ``J````c ``N `è Q``` TCG ```c
J CG j ```fCGh ```cGQOGh ICG``G FN Y
AdEG ```Y `` cQh G``` ` Gh ```F````G ``g `àh
Jh ,fc IQU jCH LdGh ICG``G H fQG
e ICG``G Y dG dG H JGVfi
dG O```T ,I```V```G ```N h .``` dG G``` dG
QfGh G Y OHG IQhV Y HdG
bG ah ,FG GQOEGh dGh
H ````VCG ``` dG ``cQ``` ` G ```b `è ``cQ``` ` Gh
G `` g`` KCGh ,G`` `dG ``j```J `` M ``` M``G
.jdG H YdGh
,2 `` ` G ``` ` ` G ``` Y `` ` `TQh `` e`` b `` K
`` ` gQhOh I`` c`` dG `` Y `` ` G ``` S``j ``` V``` ` ` d
,I`` c`` dG ``` ` a ``g``` ` J ``` dG `` ` ` Gh `` F`` EG
e ``j```dG gJ CG I``c```d :a A``L
IcdG EG b GPEG df Mh ,```G
j `è hCG I``` G `` ````L ``g````J CG
YLG ;edG dH ```V``G bh
G `` e `` g`` Zh ``j``` ` ` dGh ``jO``` ` ` bGh
a I``c``dG ``g````J ```dG ,```Y````LG :``````G
N e YLG ``fG``G da ge
eG `à``Jh YLG aJ `è `à``J `è
J c G LG d jQhdG
e dG jObGh ,OGaCG H dCG hQ
dG GQ````M / aK ``H cG SGdG

cdG e d bdG AL fCG fh ,L
QGM hCG adG QG jGh SCG Vh Y
SCG g d IOG dhG EG GQG
ie Y a d ,bGdG VQCG Y jGh
G ie Y jCG ``H ,`````dGh h``dG
IQdG CG ``à ```T ``h ,OG`` ` aCGh ``Y``` Gh
INCG OdG JG LddG
,OhM H ffEG JG f SJ G OCG
dG ``bG``dG ``` ```fC`H ``` dG ``` ````H
J ```Y ``j````dG YS ```dG ````S```SCG
H aG J ``gQh``H J Y IQM
h ffEG YdG J Y Jh ,dG
.iNCG adG e a K QG
fdG ``` Mh I``` T``` dG ``Y``` ` dG `è ``g``` Hh
HdG ``````S ``H ``Ù``f `````dG ``` dCG ,I````Y
M dGh ,zG`` `dG j`J{ G`Y IVfi
Y dG G HSCG Wh cQG a
feh BG ICG``G QhO a `q `H dG ,IVG
Hh , CG H ```dG FNh
GKDeh a GY J CG SSCG ``gQhO
FN e aGj O```TQGh YdG ``
IVG bJh ..H G ec dG JSh
:dN ``YO ,``` eG``MGh G`` dG ``j```J ``j````H
Y dG ,d `àGh``dGh GQ```G cG
.dG QaCGh G
e GdG jJ ge EG dG QTCG gH
,jNG e fQG Y ,SGh Gh dG
j IQhV ,FGh d HjG dG
QOGdG ````è ``` d``` a ,`` ` eCG ``` ` U ,CG`` ` H

YGdG) Xd dG d dG jdG
J dG ,(dG BGdG SQeh GTGh
,G H jdG hDdGh bhCG IQGRh
.Xe 700 GM gOY ddGh
,Xd dG d G da J
(`` ` `bEGh QG`` ` G GQ`` ` è) G``` ` H ``` Y ``` TQh
QG`` G GQ``` e `````dG `` HCG ``M`è Q````àh```d
EG ```à G```è ,````j``dG QOG``` dG ``d ``` bEGh
dG dG e jNG e QGG GOCG SCG
gGdGh ``dOCGh eG L ,QG``G V
FdGh G VdG ,QGG V JG
`` gG`` dGh `` ` ` `dOCGh `è``` ` G `` ` d G`` ` ` Gh
G i```dG h dG ``Yh YVG
VG Y hG Yh ,UTCGh QeCG Y
Y O``` ` HGh ,`` G hCG G``` dG ``fi ``g `` dG
dG GQYh dG edGh bdG dCG
Y e GQYG g CG ``cCGh .jdGh
H QG``G d `è``èh ,``j``NBG `è QG``G
M I``j``Y `è``` e ``` g :`` `bh ,`à``` ` dG
QGG VGh ``M`` f CG ``g`àG``J
``à````dG ``jO````dG :```è ,`à``` ` dG ``H
H dOG IOSG c Y cdG ,dG
AGK Qe ffG dG CH QG``bEG ,adG
,ffEG IQ````Gh `à````dGh i`````dG O``L```d
,NBG J aH GdG ,G QaCG
Y fGh WdG dG SCG J
UQ QGG j C dG ,adG H QGG
dG GQOEG ,dGh dG TCG Y GHh
Y UGh ,YVG WhTh QGG hd
.adG QGM HjG fGG
OhM g d fEG f CG :dH Nh
g `èCG CGh ,GQG QG``M hCG adG QG``
a dGh hdG JG EG jdG UdG
dG `è Se ``Y``` ZU ```Y H
ffEG ````dG ``gQ````YG ``NC` J ```dG ``````dG
Y cdG EG a J dG bdG ,G
Q````X ``à GQ````G QG``VCH ``YJ ```M ````Tj ````M ```èL

e dG S H S dG eb QX a
Y c H a b ``bQCGh FKdH ja VY
GKCdGh ,dG jdG Y deh Wh jdG
Y ``W``` T O``` L `` ` `VhCG `` d`` ch ,`` ` àBG d G
dG g H M b gH G Gg fdG
EG H aCG dG Gh GQG Y SBm eh kb
hGdG S H Y dCG gH .dGh dG hCG G
aH G jM IQGOEG je YCG H G
cG dN e VhCGh zdG QGVCG GH Y bQh
MCG H IeG Q``KBGh dG e dGh dG
.aBG J NJ Y ehGj jdG UTCG IM Y
Y ``bQh hS S H G Y dG b gH jCG
dN `è ``` VhCG dG G``` e `à dGGY ``
fj dCG q K bGYh VG G``g jdGh dG M
bQh aH ```dG A``YOEG ``Y je FdG ```MCG ``H
e VhCG GQG FG IQG HdG GH Y
G dG fdG Y j dG HdG dN
VhCG c ,dM d MCG Jh GQG FG G
eQU eMCG J dG J dG ffdG MCG q CG
dG WdG Gg AHCG AGjEG f d qJ e d YOGQh
aBG J jJ hCG dG hCG jRdGhCG jhdG N e
q gH .YGdG HT eh I IeG
jg J
.G YGd jQcJ
GOQM fi -QX
Jh dGh `` eGhCGh jdGh jUdG Y QJ

cG g SEG QU G c ,GhdGh jGdG e
IM N J dSQ Qf Yh G IM a QGJ dG
.SdG
q gH
H jDe YCG GQG Y ja e VY
M a G GQhCG J L SCGJ K SGhdG eM
CGH M ;H MdG Y H MCG QcdG TdG
GQG bGh GH fdG Y Wd Y bQH
bJ ajh ,UGGh JG FShh dG U

e WdG OG ac jJh aJ EG GQG e
aKh jHJh eYEGh jO e e gh SDe
aBG J LG gCGh SdG ddG `è ``g``Zh
jdGh eCG U Jh HT J JGP fM
.(GQG Y Ad G
j eL ```SEG QU G ``c d :```VCGh
IOd kG``c`èh Gh IO``` dGh A`````dGh AdG a
afi Ff bhG S H G Y dG IOS YQ

QGVCH Yd YdG M `è``L M TJ Q```X
dG ``H GQG QT `` Q```X a GQ``` G
.QG dG e TdG EG J dGh bGdGh
QH QX eH G``D`G YH TdG M bCG
dG GjO Qe G e H S dG e
jRh jQG IOdG UCG e O``Yh dG
AYCG eG IOdG UCGh ,QX afih dhdG
UCGh iQ````dG A````YCG IO`````dG ```ÙCGh ``dh``dG
e dG Qch eG FGhdG jeh IdG IOdG
e Lh QX afi A```Lhh Th jYh fe
.G GH Gh WGG
Y e FGdG e H S H Oe QcdG dCGh
e hJ G q EG ) :a ``b MJ c G
e gh CG UG Y IQN cG cCG e J
J - G OGaCG e e YH aJ dG ,GQG
`èCG Ggh ,Gh dG ``Y f -dG kSSCG
Q``KBG ``g q EG H gMh Y JSfGh Q``KBG ``j
H I``j``L d G ``g .Gh I``` SCG d
JH ```dG I``jG``` G Q``` NCG ```M ``g ``j``G q EG ``H `` G
G Y gj dG YQG GQdG X J
MdG jQdG efdG e fdG MG AH ..OdG dG

,dM j h ,j e Y j jCGh ,``Jh``dG dG h```jh
hjh ,A````TC``H W ``Z ```JQG ``d ```jh ,``H``ÙEG ``bh CG j ``bh
YLG FNEG dG Y H jOf VhCG bh .dG jdG dG
G e hCG MG CG ,efd Gd dG jdG Vh ,IQGRdH
k
J jCG HQCG ie Y
jJ N eb M ;gCdG efdG Gd Ne
EG Ie ,Y ee e dG id c EGh ,MdG Ve Y cQd
dG e OH dG NGGh DhdG H YdG jZ c cQG CG
VhdG gRJ dGh ,MdG WCG e edG dSCGh W f QaCG e Y
Md jdG ce efd fdG MG cQG J CG Y ,FG
dG afi L CH jM dG Nh ,YSCG I jdG dhH
.MdH He WCG H Lj
.MdG HQe 25h ,dG HQe 25 e HQe

-dG dG Y IS IQcdG e c eb dGh - hCG MG Jh
FNEGh eGdG Le eG S fNh ,Md jdG ce Ije
eG e L ,dG dG fL EG - Md jdG c dG
Xh N Y IQY g dGh ,MdG dG jdG :e ;jdG
jh Y e hCG GdG N jh ,HSCG jd H dG j G
bh ,jNBG e UGdGh ``cGQOEGh YLG dG NCJh QH
bJ K ,fc d dG j Y 1943 dG i``NCG ``b``YEG e ``Z Y
MdH G CG ``cP M ;VG GH HG S Od IS IQcdG
eEGh ,G G e j h ,MCG j CG j h ,j fCch j
,jNBH NG HUh ,a de N hCG e FGR f d j CG
HdG VjQ -e
dhO EG ,YLG AadG cG eY 25 ,SQe 10 G dG j QOJ
jQdG efdG e MGe S UCG e fdG MG IT ;jdG
ce dG dG dN j ,YSCG I`` S dGh ,MdG
.G Gg e jCG Y ,Md jdG
IQGRh f dGh ,efd hCG MG VG G ``j NG ``bh
jYd `è```dG ``j``j````H ``Ù``G ``j``Y``dG I`` FGO - YLG dG
AH ``dPh ,VH bG gCJh ``j``YQ c ``jCG ```HQC- YLG
dG Rd fdG cdGh YLG dG IQGRh bh dG bJG Y
(50)`d jQJ efH jH VdGh ,Q``G ``jG`à T e G
```dG ```èG `````jJ ````M `````Y ````M ``````J z``````dG{

.dGh AMEGh ,YdG d
dG `` ` `b`` NCG ``` Y `` e`` Y I``` ` Hh
dG ``` b``NC ````S```SCG ``Y``` V``Gh
dG ``M``` e P``` ` d ``V``Y ````b``è
dG `` M`` ` `G `` j`` ` `fi `` ` `LG`` eh
.dG Me J GNh
e ``ck Q```è 120 ````G ``g Q``` ` jh
;Y EG J aG L
,e ``` a``fi `````J :hCG ``Y``` ` G
Gh ,dG ,IgdG ,NGdG ,QX
afi J fdG YGh ..dG
,WdG T ,bdG L ,bdG T
eh ,SdG ,e ,WdG L
AGG `è ````f ``````H ```V```jh ,``d``N
dG IQGR`` `H d `è``` dG ``j``j````H
dGh ```dG ````ch ``````dG Gh
.SHb dG eH dG
QGdG QUh .2011-2006 dG G

J IOYEH G (2011 /22) bQ QGRdG
2011 ``jG`à IQGR`` d`` H ``j``c``G `````dG
dG IR`` `LEGh ```LG`è ```{ e ``
fGh ,z```b``NCGh dG MdG `è
eh G``gCG ``j``h JYLG dG
dG `` ``è ``d``ch ``j``c``G dG
fHh ``F```f ```Y ``````dh .``à`````H
gG OGR ``à ```bG````Gh ``b``d``H J
ddG IO``G GP dG Jh ZH
gJ e Y jeh ah
SQ HGVh YGH GdG e dG
.dG bNCG
VGe `` e`` f`` dG ``Y``` V`è ``` ` ` Jh
dG Y eY If :e ;IOe
dG e G``fCGh ``Wh ,```b``NCGh
Neh ,jdG dGh dG G
e `è a ``Y``H Y e ```J``H GAH dG IQGRd dG d G

LG jJ :bh ,dG dG aVEG (2000-1996) ```è``G ```G `è
AfEG K eh 1998 dG e dG bh .(2015 -2011) dG G d
dG ``` N ``` ` V ``` a``` ``H ``` ` ` d H N ``c d ``j``dhCG Vh
,dG gCG G a J ,c ,dGh

G H CG j G gCG Y dN cCGh
J Gh ,jd ``jQh```V `à``è `à```VEG
dG gCH MdG b e eJ Yb g
MhG dG SCG ``Y ``H``LE``H ```ZQh
CGh ,bH ShQe Y GN jW Y
Y ```F```f G`````S``H ```H CG ``
Y k ` ` ` c `````j QG`` ` dG P`` ` JGh ``````dG
dG SCGh YVG GgCG bGh ie
eh ```SGQ``dG Yf O`` ```S ```dG
FMEG GQNGh dG Yf dch
.dG SC bO HLCG Y S dG
Y ``j`è ``` ` S``` dG `` ` `MCG Q`` ` c`` dG `` ` `cCGh
IFGO CfCG IQGRdG CG Y c dG
edG jjG e dGh SGQdG
N 3 J h 1991 dG e d
G ````V ``` ` dGh ``` SGQ``` d N
jDhdG -e
``` ` - ``` ` ` dG IQGRh `` ` èCG ``` ` f
M Y M - d edG jjG
IOS jYQ ,dG `è``G jJ
IQGRh ch HQG S H jhQO QcdG
QHh ,``` d``Gh `` `jQGOEG hD````d dG
ch ``F````dG ``d``W ``H ```Y Q```c``dG IO````S
ddG a ,dG hDd IQGR``dG
EG ``jCG ```HQCG J dG G Jh EG
eh `` W ```Y ``` ` dG A``` ` YCG ``jQ``J
bNCGh dG A````MEG ``Wh dG
eG dG MG LGeh dG
aeh `` `` ` b`` `NCGh ``` ` dG `` ` EG
.MG J J GN
S ``H ```jhQO QcdG IOS ```dCG ``bh
jQGOEG hDd dG IQGRh ch HQG
He
18
G dG Ie Y o J Ye Md
a``G IO```LEd SHb dG H``` jF````dG ``J

jDhdG -e
SdG QH H Y
dSdG `` g `` gh ,``` Y``` ` LG ```````è `````è

Jh UGJ fdG aG Yd YGHEG
e Hh jG IG cGd Qe Y H
NCG dGh G d dH gCG e dG dJ
RGHEGh gjJh M feCG dhDe JY Y
.fdG jq dH JG jQdG JKhQe
e YO *
SHb dG He M d :aVCGh
N `è dG k`M`` ``à``G IO``LE` d
jFdGh ``cQ``` ` G O``` d ``` F``` ` MEG ``F````dG
GRG `è ``` `è S Q`` WG G``g h
kS `` `dPh ,`` ` G ``` ` dG ``j``` J `à`````è
edG gGe RGHEGh jd dG e k`cGQOEGh
JCG CG j ```G h ,aG dG
dG eh aG L Y Hfh SCH
I edG d ```èGh dG H
G S H SHb dG dG MU
SCG dG G YO Y - YQh G M IG jYQ Yh HG g Y dL H
.G d dj dG
.aG Yd edG dG QO e jf IFL

G SDe J aG jQG h
,hCG ``c````H I``F``` dG Q`` ` ` ` dGh Q`` ` ` ` dGh GA``` ` ` d
dG ``d``G MU IM ``SC`c f SGh
q ```c .``j```f I``F``L `è ````G
cT `è ``c ```J
hdG GM H G Y IQ`` h LOdGeS ``HCG
jf IFL SGh Ue dG cH JFdG
q ``M ,``à``G Yd `è```dG dG QO `è
ddG cH FdG aG YCd QX ce J

Yd edG dG QO e jf IFL SGh
.aG
GHEG hQ
N H FY dG e db SG Hh
Yd `è```dG `````dG `````FQ ```H`````dG ``q ``L ``H
dH f fh dGh dH f ) :aG
VG ```Y ``J``q `W ``H ````j `` dGh ````dG `` G
d ``c `èC OLGh G QK e IKh dUCGh
dG GOe e CG YSGh ,G``HEG hQ
M ``cQ```G ```jO``jCG c ```L```fEG OG`è fdG
jJh J ``LCG `è dG Jf ```dG `èG``dGh

ac `à``J ``` f ``` ` ` dG `` N `` e `` `G ``` ` dG
YdG ``Y``d ``M```G `èR``dG OQG`` ` Gh ``` f``` eG
GH jT Ib A```dEG G T c ,aG
Y GREG IdG L M ,dG G
FKh a VY G J c ,cQG dG
e HG M `èh gQJ ``MG`èh HG ``Y
.GRGh Ff
jFdG J
jFdG H G YGQ dG e b gH
q
M ,aG IOLEd SHb dG H

IFdG ``j```G N ``H ``` S ```H ``` MQ ``` J
IM SCc SGh G G hCG cH
q c ,jf IFL e G dG dG MU
cH FdG dG e H S H OS J
edG `````dG QO `è ``j```f I``F``L `````SGh ,``` dG
H d `è ``c J fL G aG Yd
S H Y H YR h TdG S H UdG
SGh ,Ue ddG cH JFdG G
Ae aG ``Y``````d `è``` dG dG MG
IOLEd SHb dG H jFdG H eCG
OM H M H QH dG e jYQ ;aG
b H dPh ;LQG IQGRh Y eCG SdG
AGQRdG G UCG e O``Y G M ,dG
IOdG ``` ` UCGh ``dh``dG ```` A``` ` YCG `è``` G h
h ,A``c``dG IOdG ```ÙCGh ,iQ````dG A````YCG
hG SeHdG dG AYCG IOdG UCG
Qc e OYh ,AGdG IOdG UCGh ,dG id
MG JCjh ,UG h dG YdG dhDG
aG IOLEd SHb dG He SCc H
,SdG dG G dH dG MG QWEG
Y c e SQe e ddG dG H dGh
YdG Y Gh G dH AJQG H
.aG
UGd dG dG H MG CG``H bh
dG Ie `è ee R``HCG Ye G``à gH
aG Yd `è```dG dG `è````SEGh `` G
VGSG EG aVEG eGG dG ``jDh``d G
YdG ``j```J EG ``èG``dG `````dG `èG``Hh ```N
dH VdG ``f``L EG Y ``` Gh ``à``G
e MdG Md J MG J bh G
OY FGOCH b IG fdG dG e gh ;dG a
.Ie FZ Md dN e Gebh jODG e
e ``` dGh d ````c ```Y ``` G `````TG ```c
IOLEd ``S``H``b ``````dG H ``j````dG ```d``N
HG gG M ;e ILG G``gCGh aG
G dG jQe jJ fCGh Jda
YdG ``` Jh ,``` Y``` Gh ```è ``jO``` dG ``L``` fEG
YdG Y Fb jObG Wf fdG aG
fc bh ,LQG cQGh G jdGh IQGOEG
S c ,Seh VGh HG aG cQe
e bEGh h``dG hdG `` jJ EG dG
.dhdGh bEG ddG cQG N
dG ```H```` ``j``F```dG ``` J ```M `````Jh
GH J a VY aG IO``LE`d SHb
G `` e GO`` `Y ``` ` ` dG R`` ` HCG `` bh ,R`` ` ÈG ``````M
HdG dG OG De EG dG ah SCGj iQdG FQ

dGh 2012 ``` d O`` `G ```Y ```N ````b``èh
Od eG Gh Od bEGh hdG
Sh ,2012 ``` d O`` ` G ``` fG``` eh 2011 ``` d
hDdG gh OG FGdG dG J
dG hDdG h fdG bdGh SdG
hDT ```h `````G ``j````b ```h ``jO`````bGh
k a ddGh ICGG
g YLG Y Y
b e c IY DG N S c ,dG
.cQG OadG
fH ASDhQ cQ j dG DG bjh
e fG e YVe I``Y HY ``dhO 18
hL QGbEGh Ffh FdG e j dG DG
,OG f Y FdG jJ beh YCG
Y HdG ``D`G e jdG dG fh
.fCGh OG VhCG M dG eCG jJh
dG e `è `è```G ``` SGQ``dG ```b```j ```c
QhOh ``H``` dG `` ` `dG ``d``` ` dG G``` ` H ``` H``` dG
,VG G```d Se ```M O``` jEG ```f````dG
jDhdG -e
aH iQ````dG dG QJ
dG Od Y edG DG YCG SQ
jdG `` dhO ``` dG ``` d``` YCG CG``` J ``` dG ``H``` dG
.AKdG M jh dG
Uf ``H ``g ``H ``d``N dG IO````S ``SCG``jh
j ``dG `à``dG iQdG FQ ```G
.dhdGh iQdG AYCG e kGOY jY
ddG SQG G Le da TJ zHdG {

,G dG Y PCG Oj c ,bTdGh cG
GQOEG ```Y ````dGh ,``` VG``dG Q``` ` HEG ```Y ``` dGh
,jh `````è ``SG``G ````L ````j `` fEG ,`` Y`` dGh
gCH ``Y```b ```Y dG ``` d``Wh ``W ```à
G Qhd jJh jJ e LG Gg
SCG ``N `è `````Jh ````G G ```SQ``G
Y jQOb c J YGhh U Y
Je YGHEG G e IOSGh SG
SQG G d dd ;``j``H``dGh dG
Y j Gc eCGh G aGhQ e e GaGQ
Vhh jYQh d YGHEG JbW cG
hCG IQGdGh Ih``G J c ;dG fe
.G VdGh QdG
edG I``j``G Q````dG ```MCG ```H d ```dCG ``g```H
HdG IQGRh c dG eGd edG jjd
SQG ``````H ``` ` gG ```j :```à ``d``b ``````dGh
bfG e dGh jHdG dG UCe
SQCG dGh 1970 Y dG cQG dG Y
MU IM fe Yh jQM SCG Y gFcQ
G M - G S H SHb dG dG
eGQdG jJ CH ;fe LJ YCG dh .YQh
MG cd jMh IjL aO ,dG Gh
.UN SQG dh eY dG
dG Sh OdG fj - e
FdG h
f `` fEG ,```H```dG ``gG``Gh GhPCGh dG

Y I````G `è````G L A``` MEGh Y QO``b
ddG j CG e H ,SQG eGdG dG
TdG Ge dbh .fe dL gh eH
jh hdGh G j G EG :dG dSQ
fdh YCG Vh ANSG QhO a H
eY ``f``cCG AG```S jbh eg da ,``d```dG

.SQG dH e UN CG G e ce
dG HCG g G CH b a Y h :e
dGh OCc fGG JW j fC
EG `à```VEG ,SdGh ```S``dGh SGh jdGh
adG ````j ``` c `` ` `Gh `` e`` dG ``````d ````L
IQGRh ch eQdG H GY IOS aG

,ddG SQG G Le da ,dG dG
jjG - dGh HdG IQGRh J dGh
``èCG U ``dPh - dG eGd edG
.WdH dGh HdG IQGRh
KQG N H OM IOS aG M M
S ``H OS IO````Sh ,``g```Gh d IQGR`` dG ch
OQGG Jh HdG d IQGRdG ch TdG
dG h ,IQGR``d``H dG e O``Yh ,jdG
.LG cQG dGh ,cQG Vhd
,LG ``cQ``` ` G ``d```S``H ``` ` aG ```M CG`` H
SQe e TdG H Ge ddG eb
:a ``d``b ,```L ```W```dG ``à`` H ``G
dG SGh aK GM SQG G
,aGgCG dh ,e IH h H J h M
UGJ Sh d a ,``jO``J`èh OGhQh ,JcSh
c `è G ``J``L`` ``d ``H ,````Mh aK
AGS UG Q``àCGh jb ``dh Lh h
jH ````G H hCG ````SQ``G dH G
Sa ..Y e
````HGdG ```gdG
HdGh ``J````dG IQ``` U ``` LCG `è
Q``` ` G ``` ` `` ` `dG ,```` `` `dGh
L H bV dGh dG gG
AKCG VjdG ``S``H``b dG
WdG e H L dG IGQG
f fG dGh fjdG fh
.U 2 e RH
G hdG J S qCG OYG h
HJh Y J IFS fc dG
VjdG G `è i```G ``f`è ```SG
Y Y Gk ``g```T j ```Y c
fc dG ,G fOH GRG
j L dG ddG hdH e
M jdG dG a H e dG
dG Qhd gCdGh RdG EG dP O``b
gDG jSBG dG e SGh
.jRGdH eGh 2014 dG SCd
j Y j e ``ch
dP ``g``` YCG ``à i``` G ``f`è ``` SG
SG `àQh RdG f jb k aGO THh
fH Gg ,hdG H k bN G Y
JJh fdG L SQ dG MdG
,Ic O``Gh ,QL :`è G OL
TCGh ,eCG LQh ,``jQGOEGh ,dhDeh
GhCeh fdG c M M ,QdG
Th ``F``b Q```f ``LQ``G Ye
IfG e S e ,bQM
dH HQVh ,dGh dG IHeh
g ``c ,AG``` dGh dG ``` eCG hQCG
gCdG gh ,IMGh f EG OCG eGdG
KQe e G`` bGh SG Md
.jRGdG
e IGQ``è ``Y ``j``G h
da Q``` ` YG ```NCG hO I`` `NCG
EG ````dG O`` `YCG ``` dG dG
G ```Y T EGh ,k hCG jdG
dCdG QG d OYCa ;``NCGh hCG
U d ;``q `Y h``` G Q````G
e a bh dG ANCGh GRhdG
Y QdG f eCG HdG IGQG
.dG OSG
IGQG CG Y UGh JdG
LQ q e ``MGh c j CGh ,`èCG H
AdG jhY fc ,f Y k bQ eCG
2012/2/29 j d ,``NCG hdG
IdG ``jQ``J `k à``Mh ```Ù``f k ```S
feEG M jdG b jjh ,fdG
dGh ,2014 dG SCc d gCJ
OG J IQhV J T H
.d eCG OGSd
Gg - e c fdG `èBGh
dG Qh``dG jQe Y - bdG
``cQ``` ` G ```M d ;```````dG
.JG dG hdG fdG
H J jdG fG CG f h
,SHb dG fe OdG Ie Fb
,JGG YCG EG Ud G Yd
,eCG OGSG jdG AYCG e J
bdG dG QG e J c
;``J``LQh ,`````G I``` dG O`` G ```N
Y Jd ,dG T eCG d
jQS Y SHb Y ,G Y
G jRGa ,dG Ic Y QdG
.dP J
abufirase @gmail.com
k
Y````LG dG ````JGh dG GQe M cQ``è
25
dG OG``YEGh Hc Y Jh ,FdG jdG Hch ,FdG :HGdG dG
efHh ,FMEG d spss efH :d eG dG hj H ,YLG
T QhOh ,fhdEG QOG dG GQeh ,FdG FMEG d lisrel
HdG WdG YLG FdG fL EG ,YLG dG YLG UGdG
.twitter h Facebook bGe e
JG GQe aQh ,YLG dG OGYE eRdG GQG cEG EG G Jh
dG fhdEG dG GSG jCGh ,YLG SGQdG ed
fdG L hOC`H `ÈGh ,fhdEG QOG dG JEGh ,dG OG``YEGh FMEG
G Y aG e eh S H YLG dG J fL EG ,SdGh
bNCGh Xd edG QH cQG jJ :g ;Qh KK e bfG ;G
Gfd gOGYEGh ,YLG dG jH JG GQH gjhJh ,YLG dG
,jQdG Hch FdG EG VG QNG e GAH YLG dG AGLEG Y jQOb
YLG dG e d ;jG fhdEG dG eGSG jJ fL EG
UGdG `````T ```X``J `````ch ,````dG `````Y ``` fh``` dEG QO````G ```X``J `````ch
.YLG dG jG YLG
HdG VjQ -e
,"YLG dG JGh dG GQe" :GH Y M eCG U CG``H
ie Y ,jdG OQG``G J IFGO - YLG dG IGQRh J dGh
dPh - YLG dG edG IQGR``dG Xe e cQe 25 `d ``jCG N
.dH jdGh jQd HhQhCG YCG ce
jJ :e ;eG e L dG VQ QcdG b e eCG G dhJh
``è```dG ````Sh ,``Y````LG ````dG GhOCGh ,`` aG`` gCGh ``Y````LG ````d``H ``cQ````G
G dG e YdGh ,``j``NBG e edGh JG GQ``èh ,YLG dG
dG (2012/3/4 aGG MCG) dG G J c ,H KCdGh a KCdGh
,dG e jh SGQd Ve QNGh ,eG G jdG gCGh ,YLG
.SGQdG f fL EG ,dG QWEG jh ,HdG SGQdG LGeh
G FGLEG jdGh ,dG ge d ddG dG cQG hjh
L GhOCG ``j``h ,``F``G ````dG e Q````NG ````jCGh ,G GAG`` ` LEGh ,````dG
jh ..fGG fdG L fL EG ,SdG Kh U jh ,FG fdG
19
aK
e jG OdG QhU
Y L
cQCG SFH G LdG ``Y Q``Ù

OdG SQe e hCG dG dG Gb
J `` `dGh ,``` Y ``` L ``` `è 422
dG Gbh adG IQGRh dah fCG
jdGh ,dG dG SGh G
eh G jdG ```G `è
.iNCG Ye
f ```dG jdG ```G R``HCG `èh
dG dG jQJ :``g jG OdG
QJ `è ,fdG dG ``G HHd
FShh `` `G `` a`` dG ,h`` ` `dG ``` ` fCG
eCJh ,``j````dG ````dG S Y ``jQ```dG
.jdG SdG JG
`` `M `` ` ` ` ` ` e O`` ` ` ` ` ` dG `` ` `` `` `J `` `` ` c
GQG ``j``` ` ` ` dG ``` ` ` JG``` SEG
,INdG Jeh jYdG M ,dG
ICGOG ```` QhOh ```S`````dG G`` `G
e gh ,cG QfGh
fGG ``H VGSG J jY
VSG c ,hd dGh jQCdG
eRCG AKCG dG CGdGh YEG c OdG
.dG i IAGb
Qj dG
jf Le {
fdGh jdG
z KGGh
jDhdG -e
SGQd HdG SDG Y kjM QU
..jf Le) c ,hH ` dGh
ja jbh ``KG``Gh fdGh ``j``dG
GY ``` ` dG ``M``` dGh ``J````d (`` ` gGQ
U 344 dG j ,dG Y H
e GO``Y ````dG h````j ,````dG dG `è
. jdG jdG
Gg ee dG GY JdG j
TdGh GQGG OJ qCG T :dG
J ``à```Kh ````S````Sh ``j``à ``j````b
CG dGh dG GG aQ b
eSEG jO qCG c ,G e
j ```dG BG``` dGh ,QG``G Y j
QGM c ,Ic jBG QGM c dG
AfCG QGMh ,HEG e Jh fS G
J EG J GQGG gh ,eGbCG e
dG ```H```jEG `è````G RG`` `HEGh ,``F``` G
M j e e aGJh ``G e J
.eRCdGh TEG
dG SGd G SEd RJ :jSdG jhGQ .O
OdG af ..jec eH dG SHb dG SGc IJSC Ihf

IQdG fL EG d OcCGh dG
J `` `dG Q``` ` G `` e ``` UG``` dG ``` Y
.adG JN
dG HGH Y J IhdG qEà Yh
,eSEGh HdG adH jdG
e ``j```dG ```Y dG O```G Jh
dG UGdG MS J dG jdG
dH `````SDè ,GQ``` ` G ``H ``` ` dGh
H ``ÙG```dG d GO```è ````è
ah adG H ``NBG jJh G
.OcCG Y OSG
SGdG `````fCG ```H``è ```Y ``` ` jh
`` d`` G ``M``` U I``` ` ``` ` ` ` dG
OY jHh dG dG IQGRh SCGJ
g J M ,Y aG ```G `è
H ``` j ``` dG ``` ` ` fCG ```H``` `````dG
i`è Y ``WGh SdG PSCG
J c ,SGdG J e ILG GgCd
IjL Y SGc AfEG jQe SGQH
Gg YVG jGh hd ae
j SGdG ``g e kGO``Y CGh .CdG
adGh ShCG dH G SGQdH
eL `` ` dPh `` ` è`` ` `SEGh ``` H``` dG
Qeh h`` ` `J Q`` ` ` Lh `` ` `Hh `` ` `c`` W)
`` j `` ` è`` Lh ,`` j`` ` ` ch OQ`` ` `` `` `cCGh
Hh ,fOQCG dG BG eLh ,GdH
KG ``f``L EG ,(````j`èCG Q`` eh ```dh
c gDhfEG ```dGh eG J
dG jd eh ,JGch Qg e
HdG G eLh jddG NJCG
bdG ```````dh ,``j``` ` dG `````
.jeCG OQaQg eL Sc dhdG
jDhdG -e
IQcdG ``` e `` ` cq CG `` bh .``H``f I``F``L

fdG IhdG UGJ CG IQhV AdG AKCG
IhdG SCG dG ad cGdG AdG
dG eG dG SGd hCG
eG dG GQhCG J CGh ,2010 Y
IhdG Ve ``M Gh jG J
egG ``WCG e T H S ``dG
H ``````Gh dG ```SG````d dG
SGQdGh eSEG adGh HdG dG
gCG e ,dG OQGGh ShCG dG
eG dG ``Mh``WCG ``g J CG
dG H RGJ OjEG Y IQdH IhdH
IJSCG L H Qj da c
M ,``` ` ` ` dG ``` SG``` dG ``` Y `à``` ` G
MU ```S``c ``j`è``c ``è``L
d `````S ``H ``S``H``b ``````dG ``d``G
SHb dG Sch IUG HdG
,cG ``` ` dGh ``` ` ` gG``HEG ``f``j``` d
M ``` O``cCG ``bG```d``H ``è``G R```h
eL `` bCG ``K ```Jh 1209 ``Y fCG
bh ,``j``` ` EG ````d``H ``W```dG ``` dG
eL ``` J``J ``` Y hCG ``c``G ``` ` MG
bh , 2010 d QS J M dG
61 Y eH ``Ò``cCG H M
dG eJ ``dG QG Qh``d``H
QGhOCGh GgCG RGHEGh ,ffEG aG J
SGQdG YO dG SGdG eSEGh
RGHEG fL EG ,Jh dGh dG
HdG adG H jdG dG QhO
H QG bdGh LCG adGh
.As H QM QGM EG k Uh dG
o YS G``gCG ``g CG aVCGh
QhO H dG GhdG g ebEG Y
eH fdG IhdG ebEG qCGh ,S c
QGhOCG QJ e aGJ f g jec
,dG SGdG H J CG bG e dG
e dH dG dG IQGRh J
SHb dG eLh jec eL
SGc I`` J`` ` SC Ih`` `f O`` ` `dG ``` a``f
da Sh ,dG SHb dG
KG dG jec eH IhdG
.dG MU IM SGc e
H `` jhGQ IQ``` c``dG ``è bf ``bh
```dG dG I``jRh jSdG OS
eL e "j QGS" `H GNDe Fd
S Sj Q```c``dG P````SCGh ``j`è``c
dG `` d`` G ``M``` U ``` S``c P``` ` SCG
IUG HdG d G S H SHb
QMh IG H jec eH
FQ dG OS H Y QcdG IOS
dG ```M``Ùh ``S``H``b ``````dG ``è``L
O ``H a H e IQ```c``dG IdG
dG ``è``L ````FQ I``Y```è S BG
H AY IdGh ,LQG hd SHb
hdG hdG IFGO Ije jSdG QH
JdGh GAGLEG ,dG dG IQGRH
G ddG efHh Ihd dG
.dG GQhCG e J dG QhGh
g Ih`` ` `dG qEG I`` `jR`` `dG ``` e `` d`` bh
dG GhdG S V fdG
MU I```` dG ```SG```dG I``J``` SCG
16 EG dG gOGYCG Uh dGh dG
bh ,``` dG hO ```` k````Y k```S``c
fdG Ih```dG RhJ CG EG G S
d ````````d ``` aG``` G Oh`` `G
jdG ``d``H ```` ``j`è``c ``è``L
jQGSG AGQh dG bCGh .. dG b Qj dG QG : hTf

dG O`` `Lh ``` a``dG A``` ` TG `` eh
dH GAG``LEG c d fhdEG
.cQG dG Qhd hCG VG QGhd
e `` QO```dG```Y `` ,L `èh
cQG :Fb bG G GQe
cQG gCG e hdG e Ve
e Ic f g CG UN ,d dH
``è```dG `Ù``` ` TGh ```b```G
dHh ,```f``f```dG GQ``````SGh I`è```G
GH G Qh``dG e f f QG``c a
UG I`` j`` G ``` ` dG RG`` ` ` HEGh `` f`` G
.G Y J dG jdH
VG GH dG dG QhO e fh
cQG gCG JCJh ,a FGO cQe dh
W `` e I``` c ``Y``` ``` g CG `` e
dG ``è EG ``L```H ``g ``j``dG ``` G
Gg Qf M ;QGdG g VJ dG
Lh ,GjL fGY 90`dG Qj dG
FGc IjG FGG Y J c
Hh ,dH QG FGLh fhdEG
`` FG`` G `` e `` g`` Zh ``` ` ` dGh ``` ` UG
Qf dG dG O``Y J c ,i``NG
.GY 500 G H
QOdGY
dG `è``G ``N e VH G
.d fej
H j S c VG :```VGC h
Qhc fCG EG ,dG H j b
e jdG ```gh ,``d``H G```c f f
FGG e a cQH f dG hdG
,iNG VQG e gZh dh bh
,aVEG d J fCH f dH dG
zYCG QdG{ c
adG dG hU H dG IjG jhdG gCG e
GLh T d kfe j dG G QT gh "YCG QdG" c
bCG a jjh S dCG e Y Y GMCG JL H QGO ,e T
IRQH eY RhJ a eSEG QG J gGL jJ .dG QT
.eSEG IQG jQJ
IgdG G```Y ``KCG ```dG G`` MCG ``gCG VGSG j dG G``g
eh .jQdG jd cG dG j ``dGh G jd G QTh
G jd G QT Y G H g dG G``g VGSG j
q ```dGh
IQGRh -Q``KB` d ```YCG G - jQdG I``g```dG ``N `è ``
q eh jQdG jH G G ac e hdHh .adG
J
jd GdG G``dG Y d ee N IN hCG j
,GdG Y G e RGdH YLG dG a YhQ jQdG
k e G Y S e IG Jh
dG jH IOd
jG IQG e J aK IQe dh jQG JOjQ HdG
.LCG d IG
M ;````dG AG``b J ```dG I``j``G

fGY (50) e fGY (350) G j
, Y J ZCGh ,GjL
Le dG `è O``Y O``Lh EG `à```VEG
``cQ``` ` G ``` d ``` h ,````` dG OG ``Y
f ```fCG UN dG AdG VG G``g
,jdGh G`` ` MG ``c ``` ` dG ``````d
G e gG c dH fh
jCG YG J c ,Id jdG

,OSG ```dG ```ch (``MCG) GH c
Y VQ FGL I``Y Y R``M ``dGh
Gg Qd Hd LH QGdG eb
fh ..ad UN c gh ,VG
hdG e ``V``è CG `` jTc
S bh ,jdG aG MCG g d
dh ,iNCG hdG e OY cQG d
JGQeEG ````f QG`` c ```d ``````d``H ``` ` gG
Y Rf CG j dG G hO ``g
bEG j CG f `èh ,a cQG
jdG J QGda ,VG Gdc Gc
.dH UG G dG e
hU `è dG O```TQ ``H Sj ``bh
hU cQe EG : adG dG
Gg ````S `````H ```J ``` ` G ``````dG
``cQ````G CG `` dH ``` fC ;``V```G
`` gCG `` e ``` ` ` d h`` ` dG ````è ``V``` e
CG fLh fCG UN ,d dH cQG
dG G b e G
k c kegG g
AGTh dH jdG Ja NG Y
,GhPCG `` ` NG `` e `` Z`` dG ``` Y ``` ` dG
jhdG e jdH Qf dG G``g h
dG QhO h UG `è O``Y ``cCG

,d h`` ` `dG ``` ` ` e ``V``` e ``` ` gCG
gH J ``dG VQG e ``fCG UN
bh ,A``HOCGh G b e c
:d JGQeEG c QGO e e
e I```c ``Y``` ````j e ``V``è
H fe d dGh ,dG dG QhO
ddG g cQG g EG M ;dG QhO
bh ,KG G```f ;c QG``d dH
dhDG b `è dG ````gG ``f``Lh
f ````S Hh ``V```G `````Gh
Gh G Mh ,eG OjOREH
dh ,bG H d dh ,```bEG
jG ``V```G QGhR O``Y OGO``j CG f
.G
eb ``à ,c QGO ````j ```àh
S H Qh``H dG S SCH
dG `` e ``Y``` ``` ` Jh ,``` ` ` S``` dG
Gg a ;jCG IGh WH UG
;GjL ``fG```Y (23) G```H cQT ```dG
b ``` ` j `` ` dGh (`` ` jGR `` H`` H) :`` ` ` gCG
aVEG ,G MQ ``jGR dG IM ``jQ``Jh
```dGh (``M``dG ``c ``Z ```MQ) EG
d G dG QhO j dG Ve QGhR
dH dG aJ fL G a IOLG dG QhOh dG Y QSG
fCG CG ;Se Z bdG CG Y AdG SCG CG OhCGh .HdGh jG
UN IQjdG fc GPEG UN ,ITdG YdG b VG aG j CG j
QNG j C`H jdG OhCG CG c ,e a Q``N WdG dH
k dG e Y
a SQG aG W L j CG e H
Ad Ua fhj e QH dG hj ZCGh ,Gc hj
Gh L VG dG :TGdG S j ,L eh .bdG
QSCG d ILh Ye dGh ,HG IQdH j C J jQGOEG
,WGG jJ N e cCG YO g j CG CGh ..dG QhO H
jdG ie Y gGGh WCG j a UN ,dG QhO ``YOh
CG UN e YGh W GdG IQGRh e Yc j YdGh ,G
dG g gfG d AT cCGh jdG OQG``G J Y Yj e Gg
dG Y Jh cQG dG QG``dh FGd eG aJh
jGH Gj bEG CG c ,HG dG Qhd UdGh dG GY Y
k VG
.G jG N bf dG IQdH d b
jDhdG -e
f QhO e j eh gCG Y VG QGhR e jdG cCG
dGh IQGOEG Y QGh`` dG ```KCG c ,````dGh ddG ``d V
Q dbh .dGh dG QhO EG Ud G dG eb dG
V Y jh GL K h``dG e Ve CG Lh :dG
M ,GL mY ie Y gh ,HdG WdH ahG dG QhOh dG e
ag EG UdGh a dG j Gh G FGT j
eh .dH jdG dG eT VG CG EG aVEG .dH
adGh ```HOCG dG g Vd I``FG``c gfG d dG dG ``cCG
,OCGh adH bdG c H gJh jK c L WG ch
dG fL Y cdG g UG HW d dGh IG ATG `èh
eN j a `èCG .``d efH Jh adG eCG ``N `è
S ``N e ;Xe GQJ Qj S c VG CG a ,VG
fL j a UN eN e ``FG``dG dEG j e c d IQGOEG
2012 e L``è d``à `````N ```Yj z OdG IGg{

.G cdG GdG e QGSG Y kFGQ AGOCG c gH YQh G
G JH d dG gG adG Gd MG bdG cJ ``K
j ZCGh ,QdG TGQ S MGdG dG ``ZCG e gh dG ce j AZ
QG e Ye GY c M ,Y dG d YGdG e
aY G ba cCG gH ,FdG g e dH fS ``dG
G H Y gh dG dd jGh dG ZCG hQC bT jH
G J K ,Rha Hd fCG ch dO bh Y jjRh dG dGh
ZCG AGOCG HCa Ak Zh J e YJh HW MQ QG NCd TdG
HG WdG ``ZCG e aM ``jh ,LG TGQ dG ``ZCG e (GO``dG ``b)
G ba YHCG M G e f NCG KGdG fG qCG c ,MdG Y
KGdGh dG dG dUCG aH e Gh QdGh jdG ``Y
gh FdG QdG Y G Ga NGh ,dG H NJ dG dG
AGOCG ah J dG iG GP dG e dG RdG Ye gCG e
H NG GHEGh UCG dH INGR INCG d fa ,bdG YHCG dG dGh
.2012 e Le
jDhdG -e
2012 e Le dd N NBG OdG IGg L AYCG CCJ
OdG QJhCG SJ a ,VG G j dG dG jH jG e Y
h G dGh SG bhe c jJhh YjG Se BG MU dG
ka kGL d fH ZJ dG ,UCG dGh dG e Ye Y OdG dBG
.jJdG BG S IOH a N e d LG da AGLCG Y
Se YCG e G ba eb e N e FGQ eN eCG fa
AYCG e HT LM YHCG HW AZ J KGJh Nh HYh bT
J U ````d Y `Ò``cCG ```H ``b```dG CG`` H ```M ,O``` dG IG`` g L
ZCG H G `è``fCG MQ K ,S M dG dD S Ye
,HJh Se VQCG e jTh hN dh IQjdG OQ gh IQe HYh N
AH QG d JH HW dG T EG d ddG gGL eJ K
e dG J Z K eh fCG ahG fdG ZCG TCG e gh (dUh S)
M dG dL f Hh Y M IG WdG UG fZCG
Ye
TG S - jDhdG
e ``HG``dG Qh`` dG ````dG ``` MCG ```H CG ```H
,2014 jRGdG jf gDG jSBG dG
e fY dG dG gCG Y bdG e H
Qh ,dG e ddG Qh``dG MCG
G c dG QG j e RHCG j
k J gCG G ``bCG dG
,GgCd
3 ` `dG ``L``M Rh`` `è MCG ````j ```M
dGSEG `è`è `` g ,``jQ``` e 6 G`` ` gCG
e fjJ ee agh SG OY e
,RhY G jdGYh G M
e ``gh G``gCG 6 ```MCG T SG ``M
FdG e f j YadG dG L
fl jdG G CG EG ,adG Vh Y
e jdG G MCG ihj M jd
ddG jQc e IQdG VGe e
``gQG```è G`` gCG 3 S ```dG `````fh``fCGh
gCe ``Z e ``M ,dG
GgCG `è c O``Y J `è ``HG``dG Qh```d
ee 10 e kag 13 S dG jdc
jdGh GgCG 10 S dG dGh fhfCG
dHh ,jOd GgCG 6h GgCG 8 S dG
``j``L``d ``H ````f```dG Q`` G `` aQ E` a
kGc j ``dG edG dG Ic Ife
j ``` dG A``` ` SCG `è O``Y ``LG``J `è ``Z``d``H
dCG AD` g ee ,dG `èCG kGc Y
aG SG OY OdG gCG U
YSEGh O``` ` ` dG `` jR QhO G`` g ```F``b
aVEH `jdG Xc U dCG dG
hNBGh G jdGYh G M EG
IQjd gDJ dG I``G e m``Y ie Y
.dG
gDG jSBG dG dP bh , INCG
QG Y Ea dHh ,2011 jSBG CG SCd
Y IQOb jH ASCG OjEG dhfi jLd H
j QhO d ``M```G `Ù```dG `````SG
eCG j eY kUN H FL Y
jQe 6 G`` gCG 3 ``è ,G`` `gCG H
,IGQe ``c ``g 0^5 j `` ``j````d ```fl
hCG eG iG V MG S M
```dG ```T ```LGj ``dG
d Y aG LCG e Jj fCG ,VG SG fY QhO H jdG Of cCG

hCG IQG H Gg AL ,NCG S QdG H AdG LCG e Vjh Jj dh SG Gg
,f 10 UH NCG bh 11 `dG cd jdG LGd ,OQ hO H dG eCG jEG QhO
e bGdG Q``G `àQ h ,kc e JH dG Y G e CG j
,SG Gg dG RCe e hG dhfi EG UCG jd Qe kjM Y dG QL
SBG OG SCc dH G dG e 6 `dG e cQe J jdG CGh kUN
AGdG gG XJ bh jd LM jdG Vh hJh ,jdG SOdG `èCG
e jdG LGh dG ``jQGOEG dG e MQ H ,SG G``g jdG If jf Vh
d Y ae iNCG a dd G dG e OY Y dH ,G SG bfG
Z jSBG Iee e S e QfH ,jd QGOEGh dG QGSG Y e dMh ,QhdG
. bGdG Hfi
MCG ```dG```S kà``g 13 ``H``è ,k` a``g 14 S

h OQCd kag 11 h jfG d TG ibCG
G j M ,dh d GgCG 10
ag EG cT Nj dh GgCG 8 EG cHRhCG
ddG Qh``dG `à``dG N i``bCG ``gh G```Mh
bCG MCG bQCG g c ,dG e
e ``gh G`` gCG J Y IQ``b gCG
20 ` `dG G dH e G MU ``` dRCG
fl gCG bQCG
MCG ja j dG jLd H QG Qj
Y k```Y ,``j``f``G ````d ````T``G ``Z ``` dG
dG dG d LGG dG
dG OQCGh ``` ` d ``` aQ dG ` ` d h`` `dG
SG ```M``G J ```M ,``HG``dG Qh`` dG H
ag 17 ddG hQdG S dG GjEG e
dG ``H```dGh G```dGh HG ``jQ``c eh
```j ````Mh ```MG
jSBG dG e HGdG QhdG dG MCG H H NU MG G N

SdG dN dG dG Id dG OG FQ ee h ,2014 jRGdG jf gDG
YEG H TH e Y YdG e MG ``dG dG Id dG O``G FQ
9 ` dG dG e ``HG``dG Qh``dG Yb j H j O``G dh ,IGQd jdG IaU
j CG bjh dG e QOdG dG M G jRJ S M ,G dG e
Md d Me fCG hJ Vh ,YdG S b HGdG hCG eG iG MCG
Ea dHh ,QG dG e 26 `dG SG QhdG jQe J M ,bdG V e ZdH
dG jdGh cG e dG g CGh S ,ddG QhdG N e CGJ CG j OGYEG Ia
iG YdG e OY LGJh ,jdG dG gRHCGh jLd H fdG QG LGJ
,jfCG e jQG e c Vh jd U jQe aG VS c ,dGh dG
e S e QfH ,``jEG QhO Me bfG GR hCG ``LQ``dGh fY QhO CGh c
. eOdG dG jCG G Nh OG
66:30
30 HOfe SQH * eQf :G QhdG
!!jdG dG IYSCG jLdh ..J gCG bCG MCG
9 `dG KGMCG dG YdG Q HGdG

CG dG gG h ,``G dG `è
jh ,jNBd QY HGH WdG G j
eCG j M S MG UdG c SG
Hh MCG ``VQCG Y dG J jQ
jd Ib Ia S e QfH ,gL
e SG MG ``N``dG b OG`` YEG `è
. dG
dG OG FQ
j
6:00 J * ehQ :jG QhdG
88:00
00 cLG * eL S jQH :fdG QhdG
11:45 fJc * e fEG
20
dG Id dG O``G FQ c
HEG ``Y ,`` K BG `````N ``H ```M `````dG
YdG e hH zdG{ hdG OG
J V fhfEG e jdG IGQ
bh ,ebEG e jCG b 2014 dG SCc
Od SdG bG gf jJ
`````dG `` NCG ``` ` dG O`` ` G{ :``` ` G
dG ``` ` f `` `` ` V`` G `` jG`` a 15
fhfEG jdG VN Y fhfEG
,hCG G hCG ``` dG dH IGQ``` G
IGQ``` G ``g ``c R```j `` eCG G``g CGh
e kjCG Tj h ,```dG SCc J
OG FQ VhCGh ,zdG dG QT
EG kHc SQCG hdG O``G{ :CG dG
f e H dj fhfEG O``G
b{ :HJh ,zfhfEG ``YEG FSh
hdG OG Y OdH fhfEG OG
dG jfCG H jd CH jGa 16 jQH
d ddh ,ajEG h O``G Y fG
U `à``b``G `````Y A``Y````SG ```j
.zG
fCG bdG :U
GYd
fi ``` ` dG h`` ` dG `` SQ`` G `` ` fCG

,dG zHdG{ e dhdG Je U
Gh ``` ` dG `è`è ``SQ``M ``` YCG ``` M
dGYG ```Ù ```fi ``` dG I``` d ````dG
b jJ U ``bh ,k``dhO dG
jW ``j```f EG ``Ùh `` fEG ````S``dG ``jO``f
GYGh BG OHd ``b``dG ``Mh h``dG
YdG Y CG EG QTCGh ,G e dG
jM ``fCGh ,bd SG bdG QNG
IG YG X G QGSG Y
bh ,`````dG ``SG``G `è k``d``M IO``L``G
GW OH AT c YCG{ :U
G LCG e FH Vh ,GS 10
,Qe ```dG```SCG ```V IGQ``` G ``Ù``N
gh gO LhR dN cJ dGh
,zgYj `è `` h ,U IOh dM
iQhH dG Ra gS U fi ch
dG dH ddG cGh ,SBG HCG
.VG dG jfCd
``dG hD``T G``Mh ```Ff S ..``èCG I````Nh ```fdG ```W

dG `è ``j``W GQG``` ` e ```b ``j``` dG
dN `è SG ,``d````dG Ff d
,dG d TG ```dG `è O``Y Q```Y
Gh fdG fdG ``N``jh G`` g
eG AdG IdG jgG IfH
ja a ,hCG dG agh
IOSGh HGdG dH jdG e eCG IMh
gCJh ,VG dG ga CG H dG
J eH FdG IGQ`` ` G EG ```j```dG
fdG dG Y eCG I`` `Mh
,He hO GgCG ``K```H ``` g``dG ``H``G
M Y fdG fdG ``gC`J A``Lh
aH Y Ra eH fdG adG
dEG hDS c bdG CG jh ,OQ hO
dG Y dG MQ jdG Q`èCG
. dG
`èh HGfh dG AGQ`è aJ

jdGh IQ`` KEG `è ```f``L A````VE M
M ``` e``` G IGQ`` ` `G ``````Sh ,``d``` ` ` d
UG YdGh IFdG d dG
G dG ```Jh jOdG ``FG``G Y
.dd
IMd dG d TdG Jh
jb VhY b ``dG fdG fdG
IYb ```h ```c ,``d````dG ``MG`è G``W
bJ SCG ``MCG fc Ic jgL
EG j ``j```dG ```d ,```H````dG ``jQ``` G
j `` dG `` eCG ,``j````dG ````è I``N
CG M ,`èCG I``Mh ja ```dG dd
H ``` c `` èCG I`` `Mh ``j`à ``` M
Ge 3 ````dG ```M CG ```H ``HG``dG ````dG
,ddGh fdGh hCG dG HS
TdG OY - jDhdG
hDT G``Mh dd G ``JC`J
T CG ```H ,```è``G ``````dG ``` dG
gG QGh jdGh IQKEG e dG
Sa jdG d ,ddG iKCG dG
M ,``F``` ` dG ``` H `` e ``` ` S``G QGhOCG
dG GdG dG Ae j
G`` Mh ``d``` H z``` ` ` dG{ Q`` ` G ``` ` J``
e ``j``YQ `` ``````dG ``` dG hD` ` T
dG hDT Y eCG dG OM H f
ja FdG IGQ``` G jh ,dG
ebEG Jh ,fdG fdGh eCG IMh
HGdGh ddG cG Ad ebEG FdG IGQG
dGh fdG adG S ```dGh
IGQe J ``JGQ```G Sh ,fdG
Ye
SL Q``G QGSG Y jG ``H

e ,fTH O``f e eY e ``jOQG``L
MdG fSEG adG jhdG RHCG
dG jG jOQGL cCG M ;IQKEG Y
Ye Lj fCG ,SEG fTH Od
Y j M FdG QGb PJ Ff
j d fCG kGcDe ,ddG OdG e
U ```M ;`````dG `` ```Y ``j``
``fCG fSEG ``YEG FSd ``jOQG``L
Uj fEG bh ,QGb CG PJG j
,dG ``j`` `` M `` ` JG EG BG ``` M
Y aGd fCH TCG { :VCGh
jG ```ÙG`è `` `jQoCG ```dh ,``j````dG
AfCG CG ``` g ``` j `è```Y ,`` èCG G``g
Ye ``j`` ```j ,`à`````S GQG`` b hCG
MU ``` VhCGh ,z``` Y jd ``F```f
OdG FH dCG e kdZ :kè``Y 41`` dG
e k` ` FGOh kG``` c ````fh ,``` ` ShQ hQ``f``` S
gh ,OdH kGc gCG ,IL JL J
.e d dH TCG T
QOj d hjLCG :fe
8:10 jfj fe * JJ
9:00 da * WfZ :SG QhdG
..H QbCG :jOQGL
12:30 fSG * jQe jQ
21
4:00 fS * Scf :G QhdG
dG jdG aV fGh ..ddG j j QdG

TG S - jDhdG
Id ````G Qh``dG `è 27 ` dG ``d``G J
fe H j G
k c GQk GM zddG{ dG
bJ QG``G ``JC`j ,Jg JJh jfj
aUh fG j M ;jdG H jd SM
dK jd 53 He ,f 61 UH JdG
Of j ``` dG I``f``` G Q`` j ```f``G .``` J``dG
eCG ````dG `````dG z`` HQO{ ``JQ````N ```H ````J``J
zRfG{ M ,ad SH SQBG O``f
Qe L jY R`à EG aH NCJ b e
dh ,`` eCG `è I``M ``f``jQ Q``g z``j`````dG{
J `è k` ` FGO ```d Ud ```f``G IQ`` jR Vh
dHh ,UdG jfCG Vh fc e fl
QdG Ic LGe QfH G WdG Ea
QCdH `````dG ````J``J ``g```L ``` ```M ;`` j
f KH ``g``dG SdG IQ````G `è
M H jdG Y c CG H ,OQaGJdhCG
GW MGh W e fc dG IGQG J Ib h
.bO 90 `dG
HQG TCG MCG H G
k c k FK LGG
dCG ````dG ```````SG ``` ` EG Qh`` `dG
Qg ```ÈGh ,z``` MCG{ G La
M ;adG MU zHCG{ G fjQ
L jW Ia e NBG gMCG LdG j
cDj e kFGOh ,jhdG QG``G e dG H
c gNBGh ,fjQ EG Y zc Y{ dG
Ld QCd Ua ``gh ,f KH gdG
Ha ``` jG `à`` R``HC` dG ```T``G ```j `` dG
.G d dG RG SCGQ Y Hc
ba
`` ` `` ` CG ``` ` jQO`è ``c``d `` JGh`` ` `dG ``` Hh
MQ
,dG jfCG Qc G zjdG{
TC
G O````H h`` G hCG ```d``Z ```f 3 ``Y ````dG
Ve
J b dh ,adG d IQH
ja
`` eCG ````L`à `````dCG ````dG Q`` G d
H m``Y RG``W e jgL IGQG ,JJ H

J dG fdG gG e S jdG
ZCG Rh`` CG ```H ,```S``G G``g ```f``G ```Y ``bk ```J

.kHjEGh kHgP fdG jfG
,IdG IGQG cQe cCJ dG ,H jQLh

kGc J dG fG M d gDj e
HUEGh ``H````dG H ``Y`à``dG i`````G ```Y
,SG GW zMCG{ jdG e df dG IQG
zgdG dG{ Y j e kFGO dG gQ dh
H eG N hQ ``jGh jEG Id
,JHH Q``` ` ` dGh ,``j``f``f``g `à``N ```````G
H Ic FK LGe ,f jd JdGh
WdG ba zQS HS{ hQ ``jGh EG
gDe e M edG JJ ,fL eh

GG CG j ,G SG ``HhQhCG HCG Qhd
bdG Y Rj d Jh SQBG d
cd ``M```d I``` c ``Ù`à ``` ` h ,`` ` ` HhQhCG
GdG Y iNCG IGQe IQN Ea dHh ,ddG
j bJ jdG je e J b
g N dG dG OdG .dG jf
eh jO Lh QjHOCG jfeCG IOH zQ``f{
,jQOe ``c``dh ,Q`` à QO `` a :``K``` dG N
G e ..j QdG
bH 8:10 `dG YdG Ye Y G S
EG QhdG e 27 `dG dG b e dG
d jEG UdG T jdHh ,RG
dG ``LQ ,JJ e j G``G e Y
SfCG ``` V``dG CG ``cQ``j ````L`à `````dCG
IQN CG C ;f CG e IQN CG j INCG
jd YGe Y dG J b M bJ
.dH S fe QGh dG
SG jf OSCG Qe YEG QG``G ``è ````H :````JH

d aH Hd Y j SQG
Qe fe JHQ jEG Q``G OQ

IQOU U jQJ Y S fe
J Y f M ,fSEG adG Y
j ,z```dO```J{ U H ``j``dG IQGOEG
S EG ``jG````g ``````LQCG L
G He ,hQ``j je 6 aVEG
M ,dG Le h``j``LCG `è``N Y
S ``fCG fe ``J``HhQ ``` jEG ``cCG
jGg e ja IQGOEG bJ M VGQ
m
Yd j d ``fCG EG ,``jQ`è ``jQ ``Y
YdG M CG H ,jdG IQO hjLCG
jd ``` ` S``` SG ````````dG ````V ``f``` e
Z dG UdG MCG Hh ..zhdG{
Y G jdG dhfi JCJh ,Y
dH J dhfi H YdG eN
JCG Q`` G ```Ù k` ` Y ``c `è```Y
cCG YdG e He QOe CG EG ,jQe
jQe fSEG Ud IO```dG ZQ
.JCG gb jW GS H
O`` ``` `d `` ` ` ` `dG `` ` ` ` ` eCG `` ` ` ` U

,Qg dCG dG Id EG
jL Q`` ` ` e ``` ` J `` ` `j `` `d `` ` ` fCG
,G ```S``G ``j```f ```b d
e ``` F``b ``` j``d{ :Q`` ` `g `` `` ` VhCGh
MGh Q````N``H QG``` dG CGh ,A``` ` SCG
ch ,z```S``G jf `è S e
e SG b Hc Ha jEG
Y kLMG ;VG dG e
EG `````G ``F``b IQ``` T `` f
G J `àG`è ``J ``L `è
H ``` ` G ``` ` S`à ``j``````d``H
N dG SH QGS EG bDe
Y Gdg `èCG k` jOh hCG IGQ``` G
Qe CG hjh ,d h e
kM ahCG g fjQ Qg JJ
dG jj d ,Hc a
jj h ,SG jf b ja Y
,ke BG b AGJQG JGP bdG
bh Q``G J CG Q``g ``cCGh
Gg{ :bh ,e CG J NCe
.zkGL bGh AT
```G
fCG EG ,VG AKdG j ,HhQhCG jfCG HGQ

jQe ebEG ``Y CH jdG e J UJ
QGdG dG d ,G ZCG T dhO
,dhdG jQG ILCG YGe J CH ``NCG
HhQhCG jfCG HGQ e JG :JH ``cCGh
,SQe 22 jdG LG be S jEG
,jdG AYCG e kGO``G 53 QH ``fCG e ``KGhh
``` HhQhCG ``jQ```G J d `` UdG S
.FOg AGLCG
O`` G ````FQ ````J``H `````è ````f```dG ``d``W

O`` Gh QG````H ,z```j```dG{ ```dG I```d `` HhQhCG
HGQh d hdG OG H G AfEG S
```dh``dG ``jQ```G h``L C```H ``` HhQhCG ``j``fCG
:jdG QUCG H JH bh ,G ZCG
:fdG VCGh ,zag S O``Gh QGH{
jfCG HGQ H INCG GJdG ZQ fCG e KGh
FQ JH jRL Eà ,h``dG O``Gh ```HhQhCG
k `M S dG
QTCGh ,zG`` WCG L Voj
bd dGh ..SfdG aV fSEG

d dG aCG YdG IFL Y ad
Nh e fd a ``dC`J GS H ,2012
jj dG hdfhQ .IdG SG AGVCG c
Rj d dG SG Gg Sb bQ J
dG ``gh ,````SEG dH jdG M ``Y
dJdG eCG IN e e c S
GkL `` àO `` N ``` `` `dG ``` f``` ` SEG
cQje ``jQh da e a ihj
cT ``h ```dG G`` `gCG O``Y
ak g 21 He ak g 29 UH
S jdG dh ,jdG ee
dG SG Gg ak g 80
dG ``` d ``` fl `` bQ `` gh
QfH ,``j``dG LGJ dG
G QG``G e S e
b d dJdG
dG `è`è `` e ``` ` dG
.SEG
GbG J b JQN EG M ;fSEG dG Id ````SEG Qh`` dG `è 25 ` `dG ``d``G J

fCGh S ,d Y G e fTH dG dh ,dJc jQe GQk G``M dG ```dG
.f edG SdG jEG IGQe H dh ,SdGh jdG H SdG H d
OdG ,fSEG NBG fdJc bEG Ofh jdG
d j HfdG
dG j dh fTH Qd IY j dG
jQ ```f````SEG ```Ù```dG ```b `````S IGQ``` G
dG ``d``J```dG O```dG ,``jQ`è ``jQ LGj ``M
jQe `` `jQ ``` ` G ```è ``j``` ` d``Hh ,`` jQ`` e GMEH dG f 33 `H edG cG j
YdG Rh``` ` j ``d ``` b``J ,``` H``f``H ``L``````S jQe jQ SfdG EH HfdG ICLe
e .````dG e dG ```b```H 12:30 ` `dG bCG Y dG OdG hCG SG Gg ddG IQG
j ``d d kG```c j ``H ``dG HfdG Oda ddG H d Q`` eCG ```dh ,jJ
d ``d``J``` dG ``FG``dG C ,`````dG `` g k`````è ;f YHH ``g``dG IGQ``è e Y N
k dG fSEG QG dh ,fTH Od ```c H ``` ````dG j `` dG `` eCG
S
dfG H dH Yh fCG EG ,G Gg Y GkL cH jQhe LQG QG ,dG G
jQhe Q``G LQ M ,jQe Ud MQ M jdG jQd TG MCG j dG
IQKEG J jhe ICLe H dG cH jdG IQGOE j CG ``j``j ,dG G``g jQe
CG EG ,fTH Q``G dd jL e dG Y V Vh dG Td gDj e ``fCG
H `èCG j M ddG H d `èCG G dh ,G OdG jQd TG Fb
dG d H hdfhQ fjc JdG e M bJ dH j d jQe JdG
e S Ihf
22
`````````dGh dG UQdH dG KCJ Y gcCJ ZQ
`````è ``S :z``jDhdG Ihf{ à `````cQG

dH IgOG jObG VhCG CG Y jOe ,Qe Z dG GQhCd e S UG LGdG CG Y zjDhdG{ Ihf cQG cCG
.QSG MCG LJ
iC d dG CG - H GQSG jJh YO eGYh ,dG GQhCd e S LGdG YGJh SCG dhJ dG - IhdG cQG VhCGh
.G gJ dG SdGh eCG YGdG hCG GSCG HGVGh dG UQdG Y e hCG
CG cQG cP bh .AGOCG J hO dG FGdG Y dG ch ,dG QSG GQe Y KDJ dG eGdG RHCG IhdG VSGh
SCG CG Ve ,2011 dG e e G jObGh SdG VhCH S KCJ fCG EG ,VGh TfG 2010 dG jGH T dG
.dG HHJ LGe Gk c ehe Qe T YadG
Y J IjL a N Y ,dG ddG e je d cCG H YdG jOU QhO J :e ;dG e GOY IhdG cQG aQh
eG EG edH hdG IQGOEG j EG aVEG ,jQ e 500 EG JOjRh RGdG hU e SCGQ IOYEH GdW c .jG QfCG L
gG cdGh G S g a dG YdG GWCG H TdG J jCG dG Th .JQGOEG e UG dG OSGh
.d G eGY IOjR c d ,WSdG cTh
fdG Ija - VQ :IhdG QGOCG

fdG S - d JYCG
dG TGQ /jJ
dGh eG NJ
Wfl e q b jcG
jObG HGVG
SdGh
cd eRCG N dG eCG gh ,%17 LGJ e

MCG EG M ,hGdG MCG J e WSdG
eCG jQ je 5 f EG ej H H 2010
edG Id ah ,jQ je 4 EG fG 2011
IdG CG Vj OdG h .dG Y IQOdG
g jQ e 990 EG EG J d edG
e 930 ````H 2011 h ,2010 hG``` dG ```M
GSCG hG``` dG ``` MCG EG ```d``H ``H```jh .`` jQ
dc ,HO S %17 JQG 2012 jGH e iNCG
e ZdG Y ,jb GOU jOdG UQdG T
HO S MG Y K dG G dG
dP CG Z ,HdG Wf j M Ic Id
.bG Z Y Wf dG OSGh j
Y Qj QWEG Gg jG CG OdG cDjh
dG jGH e ch ,hGd edG MCG
f dch ,VG dG fc ch Q``G
dch ,hG`` ` `dG ``` Y `` ` `bE G ``` Mh ``j```````G
dG JT dG a ,jOdG d dH
M ,2008 e J VG INCG jCG N
EG O```dG jh .O````S ``jQ Qe 12 EG ``Ùh
G G``g QG```dG U `è L Y j ``fCG
J ``N `è ``` MCG IO``j``d ``W```S``dG cc
g ```b `è ``` ` VGh `` ` `SGQO OG`` ` YEGh ```J``M``è
CG OdG Vjh .```MCG ``g IO``jR f cdG
EG J dG YdG jOU IQGOEG SS
e cC e bfG `èCG jW QSG
cCG Qh``H de a G``dh ,dG M e %20
IjL a N Y hQO``b fCG GcDe ,da
.edG hGd
bh ``` ` SCG ````J ``jO``` ` ` dG `` g q EG ``` jh
,AGT H ej VfG ``bh h ,OdG
GS 10-5 e f dG aH MG e
h hGdG K j dG eCG gh ,cCG hCG
OGR c fCG EG a ,da cCG GQhO hGdG MCG
.Ic If dP YCG c dG hGdG MCG
a QdG fG e S q CG jh
jG q CG e ,ObG dG gCG ZQ
GQGUEG OLh IQhV EG Ge ,FH EG Gd
e j a de Z Se QSCH IjL
eY dG jdG Z EG M ,WGG
.jGh QSd OW
H CG EG aVEG ,dG IOjR YdG L

h ,fEG ba e fY YdG UN YdG
d e S CG ae e H dG Gg
e Yj dG CG c ,dG GSCG Y iCe hCG
.eCGh ffdGh SdG GdG L
eG Y je gdG S H Y ij a
OSG YVe ````SCG ``L``J ``fCG ```d``G
EG M ,e S AGOCG VfG c dEG
eCG VdG fH dG jObG dG
.GQSG QGSG V eGY e SGdG
e aCG G bdG cdG AGOCG EG jh
Uh ```dG `` HQCG ```jR```H `è``Y`è ```V``G ```dG
Vfd jgL S ij ``fCG GcDe ,IH
.hG e j dG dG eGdG iS
CG J S ``d`è GP Q```NCG CG C` H jh
,G ````dG ```Y `````d``H J ``` dG ````H
.dG QSCG JQG fH
YJQG `````j Q`` ` G `` ` dG EG ``` j ``` ` h
N jeCG UQdG GTDe EG M ,Xe
cdG IBG`` G ``g da ,I```L ``f``c ```V``G ```dG
S fG eY ``fCG Vjh .dG Obd
f c LGdG SCG fc VG dG HO
GSCGh ObG dG IO``YEG CG cDj G``d ,a
ddG CG EG Ge ,````gCG ``j``Z b J
.GSCG d a GQH IOLe
GSCG fQe
```SGQ``dG ``j`è O```dG S ``H Uf ```jh
LGJ dG GQhCd e S q EG dhdG cdG
,2010 dH fQe f 1000 bGH 2011 dG
FN S %24 fG hGdG MCG q CG c
TDd dH fCG jh .WSdG cd Ic
a ,%17 H LGJ T a d dG
ZdG Y ,2011 N %6 bGH jeCG UQdG
e H 350 ``S`àEG T IG ``j``dG q CG `è
CG J dG q CG ``M ,```dG ```Mh 2007
Y dGh cdG e jdG YCG H SaEG
M SCG OLh Y j e gh ,HQCG jRJ
.e S Vf
GSCG e e S fQ fCG OdG jh
S ``jO`````dG ```S CG j ,i`` `NCG G
S CG M ,HO S dch %3 H W LGJ
aJ jObG hG
Y bdG EG jdG
QSG
Gk KCJ cCG YdG b
dG jObG VhCH
VG
J YadG SCG
Gkc ehe Qe
GSCG HHd
G MaEG Z
H GQGUEG YG
Y KDj zihfzh zdG{
GQSG cM
Gd S OLh Y
k e GQk e dG j
QSd
jdG `è ``` j `` fCG `` gh I``` dG ```J ````L

J IQOdG GQG```dGh ``JGh``dGh ddG IO``jRh
fCG EG J FMEG CG JGdG Vjh .IdG
LQdG H ``KC` ` dG ```j `` NCG ``H``dG ``N
ddG HdG CG M ,dGh hCG HdH fQe
`` NCG ``H``dG C` `H ``g``è ,``` ` H``dG ``k ``` ````T
jh .2011 e YJQGh ``cCG ``c 2010 e
LGe `è cdG J CG ``èCG ``Y ``JG```dG
dG ddG ``g `è dG UeGh jdG
EG Ge ,JGhdG IOjH j a UN ,LGJ
e hG g dGh jdGh dG b CG
b JY Y bh cCG KCdG CG EG ,dG Gg
.YdG
```f ```Lh ``Y ``Y jH D` d CG ``Z
j dG b CG j M ;dG G``g
,VG dG GMG e cCG G WEG Y
2011 jj 30 c hG``J M YCG CG EG G
k e
dG aGQ ,2011 fj 12 c hGJ M bCGh
e IG ``Y````dG `è ``c ````dG ```b C` H
.jdGh VhG FXdG
d ``` ` ` ` dG ``` ` F``dG ``` ` c `` ` `MCG `` ` `jh
dG ObG bGdG EG ,QSd dhdG
GQdG :e ;jG YdG e jdG j
fch ,eG bG ```b ``d``ch ,````SCGh
e ``f``Y ```M G``KC` J `` cCG Q````dG ````dG ````SCG
jG `è ````dG ``LG``J EG iOCG `` ,O``c``dG
2010 G`à ```ZCG CG c Vjh .`` LCG jW
Z ,HQG ``M `è jdG dG T 2011h
AGOCG ``LG``J CG`` Hh `` èRCG ```H ```LG``J ``HQ````G CG
dG QhO EG a ,e HQG h``N e dG
HGdG e Od Vh N e G d edG
Y dG G``g GOe ,```TD`G AGOCG Y d
.QhG e eRCG e gCG
JGTDe ``` ` j ``` ` dG C` ` H ``` ` c ``` ` ` jh
G SCG CG Z ,cdGh SCG e jdG
,cT 50`dG RhJ edG Y UGJ dGh
cM CG hO eY hCG Y Y NBG dGh
FdG hCG ``G ``SCGQ hCG QMd f hG``J
c jh .je Z UCG dGh ,cd dG
cT dG Rhj YaO SCG Y jG CG
,e Yjh dG e YJ dG gh ,IOh``
;JG ```bh dG Y ```j a ```c``dGh
.ddG Y dH KDj dG eCG
hGdG MCG VfG

hG`` ` `dG `` ` `MCG `` M ``T``` ` dG EG ``` ` f``Hh
Ff Y H S H Y j ,G VfGh
UG aG ``` YCGh ``ÙCG IQGOEG ``Y je
GSCG e hG```dG ```MCG EG :e H
J h`` dG ````H CG ``ZQ ,%50 `è `` cC `````G
k
f Eà Gd ;``cCG Wfh
Ic de SDe
O````j ``b ````dG CG EG ,``cCG ```j ``b HQG
dG eGd f ;Y Jk bhCG MCG H
N cdG AGOCG CG EG jh .jG i``d
GdG CG c ,%10 e cC fG VG dG
,VGdG `` KCG ```d ``c dG ```M``f `è dG
T ``` M ;``c``` ` dG AGOCG ``V``` ` fG ``` h
b e YCG dG dhCG GQUEG NCJ CG GhcCGh

dH hG j M ,hGdG MCH J
Y G eG Hcd GeCG V QfG
H GSCG CG Y cQG LCGh .jdG iG
cCG GJH jG CG c K `èRCG e J Y
.b P Y dG eGdH S KCd VY
gCG M jH ,IhdG FdG M jh
`` ` gQhOh ,z`` `jDh`` `dG{ I``j``L ``````J ``` dG Gh`` ` `dG
GNh dY GAc H TdGh QG``G AG``KEG
J jDhdG J dG GhdG EG jh .e
PJh ,dG CGdG J b Y AdG AdE
jh .G IKDeh SGh Yb gG Y
S Y AdG J EG Ihd J FdG
Gd jObG gCG j dG GQhCd e
jObG LGdG H UQdG Ge ,dG
VdG Y Ic HjEG IQU Sj fCG c ,Od
.Y H ObG
2010 `è``Y ``N ````dG CG EG ``F```dG ````jh
Y ``````fG ``` dGh `èG``` dG `è O``` H ``KC` J 2011h
H hj e gh ,S H ObGh G
hCG HdG u j dG 2012 dG CH DhdG EG
QG dG N dG J CH bJ Sh ,e
N MW eG GQG``ÙE``H eYe aCG AGOCG
.dG TfEG j G IdG
Jh bGh
QSd ```dG ``j``G ``F``f jH D` d Vjh
Y ```H Q``````SG ``Y``` ````FQ ``j````dGh
Ak GOCG Y 2010 dG N e S bGh CG ,HdG
M ,e Yf dG G```SCGh dG d GL
GSCd GL Ak GOCG 2011 dG e hCG dG T
jObG `` èRCG Q`` KBG ```Ù````è f ```d``G
HdG{ GQK b EG dH jH Qjh .dG
jObGh SS HGVG e J eh zHdG
`````J ,```````dG `````Th h`` `dG ````H ```J````T
YEG fH ,ac GSCG AGOCG Y S cfG
;dGh jdG GAG``LEG H Y cdG
.c H QSGh cdG AGOCG Y KCG e gh
- ```V``G ```dG CG EG O````dG G``g jH jh
VfG ````dG T - e hCG dG ``Nh
H jG K LGd f hG```dG MCG
g 2011 J cCG SCG fch ,GL
e HHdG Y IdG SCG hCG YadG SCG
bCG H KCJ dGh ,eGh dG cT SCG
.dG H fQe GdGh HHdH
dG Y KCG dG eGdG e EG jH jh
fFG WG JQGh JGhdG IO``jR ,c H
eCG cCG dG fL EG ,jdG MC f
JeGdG j Y JQb ``dGh dG
CG ```j```H `` cD` jh .``` ` ` LCG ``` ` d``H ``` ` Vh``bh
f ``VG``bEG ``Y bJ ```dG H `è jdG
EG iOCG ,a G``jEG Y dG dG bd
dGh eG a NJ M `èRCG h``M
Ea G``` d ,`` ` eRCG `` i``NC` H hCG ```j```H ``j``c``G
X fdG dG VGbEG G dG
H IOd f VG dG e hCG dG H
.Gh HdG hd eCGh WG
cdG AGOCH KCJ dG EG :dH jH h
EG ```M ,``` V``G ``` dG `è ``` dGh hCG ``H``dG
G e GOY Vh hCG HdG N cdG
ddGh dG HdG N fCG M ,QYG Y
YSG a ``NCG ``H``dG `èCG ,A````dG Y ``KCG
.eRCG dN CG cdG
JdG IOjRh dG AfCG Ic CG jH ijh
QNCG Ja ,HjEG GQhO d jd dG
,2011 jH jG je Y KDJ dG
G jdG hCG ``M```àG `è ``Z``dG Y
.dG hCG G GSCG AGS
S GKDe
S Y
e e
c MCG
jH Dd
S ``` MCG ``H `````è EG ``j``G `````jh

GQhCd IG cdG IQGOEG FQ ``JG```dG
S f Y ``KC`J cdG CG cDj ``dG dG
S ,2011 dG ``N G``MCG j f
c ````dG ``bGh EG ```M ;``è ``` dGh hCG ``H``dG
23
e S Ihf
2012 d fdG
hCG IhdG
(2-1)
G èCGh `SdG YG````````````````
dG Obd G G j ``````
dS OjEG J gOLh e SSCG Ida

Lh RG``` dG ``jO```Ù q CG ``JG``` dG i`` jh ,````d``H
TDG RG``J j e ``gh dG ddG jd
q CG ```c ,````G J ``d`````dG EG ```M ,``` M
Ib WSdGh QSG cT hGdG MCG
.jd
cT EG dH ``fq EG dH ``JG```dG Qjh
``W``` Sh ``c```T ``L``J `` `fq CG `````j ``W``` S``dG
``` ` ` Gh ``` ` F``dG `````Y `` e ``` ` ` F``dG `` ` M`` HQCG
Gg h .iNCG HQ QOe d j b EGh ,WSdG
,eCG Gg dG JGdG dj dG
M e dG cT e iNCG Yb a
IQdG IQGRh ```N``J A``` KCG ```J h ``F````G `è
WSdG cT CG M ,G Yh YdGh
HQCG f CG JGdG jh .fH ``MCG j
e d gJ CG VG e YdG jOU
jOdG g J eCG Y He ,fGdG ah
hU jGH CG Vjh .dG J cCG GQhO
e ``SCGQ IOjH de Xh ,IL fc RG```dG
fq CH GOfG fH dG gQhO jJh jOdG
eCG dP q CG Z ,Hd Jh Jh J UCG
SCGQ q CG cQe ,dH Iq L dS j fq C q L
g q CG c ,JOjH dG Jh U G G
jJ Y H Vj fq CG ASdG L e kW
e Q`èCG ``gh ,IQGOEG SCG ad RG```dG hU
cT jW Y M EG Ud
SGQO dG
q
IdG q CG Ve h .G dGh WSdG
q CGh ddG N g hdG QhO q CG J SSCG
,JCS HQGh jGh T hO JCS HdG
e G GSCG H QSCG JQG q CG Z
e ZdH jG QfCG d EG iOCG jOdG
QKBG g fc a ,dG H IjL Ff QX Y
.d kGc kGaM c hGdG M dh S
IhdG cQG
FQ JGdG S MCG H e -1
dG GQhCd IG cdG IQGOEG
QSd dG jG Ff jH Dd -2
H QSG Y FQ jdGh
HdG Y
d dG ````F``dG ````c ```MCG -3
QSd dhdG
IQGOEG Y e dG Y e -4
G cG cT FQh G
Y ``j`è ``F``f Y ``H S ``H Y -5
H UG aG YCGh UCG IQGOEG
e
eG Y je gdG S H Y -6
dG
SGQdG je OdG S H Uf -7
dhdG cdG
QG
(YCG LQ) FdG dG
dG jG JGdG dG Y H M
eGh Ldd gGdG cd
S ASh L Y je G Y
dG GQhCd
.d G jDhdG j BG M GR
dG QSCG KCJ
GYCG N AGOCG EG dH fEG e e jh
e dG QSCH dG JQG f Ea ,VG
,JQG G``g a e eY M ``fCG EG ,%80
;jG f Y ``cCG YGdG Qa
fL `è h`` Y `` Mh ,`` ` `MCG ``LG``J EG iOCG
````dG VfG q CG e ```V``jh .jG
M ,j eY dh QSd M Ua
.dG jG Y VG e
FdG ``c``` ` dG `` Y ``j``` ` d ``` e ``` ` jh
CG ``M``j ``` ` G EG `` ` j ``` M ,GQG`` ` `` ` ` UEGh
Y j Gd ,gCG cdG g LdG cdG
dG CG GcQj CG cdG g Y FdG ac
he `èCG ``gh ,S 38 cdG d VGaG
aj ``` dG ``` Gh ````j hCG ``` `à ,`` ` dhO
,aGh jdG Y IQdG j ddG Gh
g e IQhV e ijh .HGdG G j a
ge cT EG d SG aGG cdG
.eY
q CG Y ``JG```dG S ```MCG ``H e Ojh
j a ,ec H ObG Vh j dG
,bGh ``g `` fQe i``bCG G ``bQC``H ObG
FdG cdG q EG M ,VGh ``dP ````SCGh
,ddGh GeCG ShDhd G dch IOh dM
.ddG N YdG jOU QhO JCj gh
OLh EG HdG ````dG f ``JG```dG h```jh
f Hg dGh ,LCGh G GQSG
dG G``` O`` Lh ``Y ```è I``j``Y ``` ` SC
dH I``j``L ``H````cG hCG G`` èCG `` `ShDhQ `à```VE`c
.dG LQG cd
SCG Y hGdG cJ
KDj JGh dG
ddG M Y dH
dG
hU e SCGQ aH de
jQ e 500 EG RGdG
jObG VhCG
Gk J dH
QSG MCG
dG dG OYG IQhV
dG hCG AGd Sh
dG
YdG jOU
GDS Gh fLCG jG q CG Hjh
MCGh dG YdG jOU ``LG``J ``M ``FGO
q G``dh ,FdG SCG dhGJ
g IO``YEG j
hU e SCGQ aQ UNh ,jOdG g e SCGQ
hDJ CG EG `à```V``H ``jQ e 500 EG RG``` dG
e NJ hO eG EG ec H hdG IQGOEG
.UG dG
,RGdG jOU Y jG Y fq EG JGdG jh
MCG e
eRCG e J GSCG
hKCj hGh ..K
dG eGdH
JGdG M
jG `è ```c h`` Y ```Y ```dO ``dP CG ```c

Y IQdG Y e d f Gh fLCG
.IQhdG Y SCG H
Z ,GL b dG ObG q CG EG e jh
Y eG GQGdGh HGdG J G CG
,(JjJh ````dG ``f``b) ``è ``c````dGh ````dG
h ,`````dG f `è ``j``fh ``JGh``dG `à``f H
ZdG Y ,cdG d aGM jCG LJ HG
g ``` d ``V``` ` J ``` dG ``jO``` ` ` bG ``` ` ` G `` e
J iG Se kN J fq C Gf cdG
HGV IC`à ``LG``J ```fCG ```j `èh ,G````S 3 EG
.FdG JSS e VQJ
fGdG jJ
QJ ``` dG `` fG`` ` dG q EG ``` j``` H D` ` `d `` ` `jh
YS Jh JGhdG IOjRh dG fb jc
e EG aVEH ,jG Y ``KD`J ,dG
.ddG
,eh eBG dG G q CG c MCG ijh
IdG ``KC` J ,```V``G ``` dG G`` MCG ```bh `è```Yh
dG Y QhH KCG NGdG VhCd LQG
iMEG dh Iae ddG q CG EG Ge ,dH
7- 6 e fCG PEG ,MaG J LGdG SCG
Yh ihf Hh dG d GQGUEG Y f TCG
G q CG EG `èCG G``g ``M G``D`G e jdG
.T j dG g M
q CG e jG H q CG Vjh
Y YEG
Ye e ``M DhdG GhCG``H ,HcG jg
e ```c A``L j e ````dG ``b ```c ,``` ` cG
GOGSG ,jQ e dG id H dG dUCG
dhCG GQGUEG q CG Z ,cG SCG AGd
.Gc NCJ
cdG ````gCG EG k```jCG jH ````jh
IdG `àG``G e ``N `è ,I````dG FdG
.eY ge cT EG d
Qc G H dG IQhV jH ijh
dG j CG Y ,cdG dh dG j ej
AGOCG hCG dG ````dh ````dG d ``àh AG````dGh
``jO``L``G ``HQ````G f CG ````V`è ,``c````dG
gh ,``LCG jW jG f e cCG dG
dG CG GcDe ,H j K SCG hj e
OdG Uf
ObG SfG
IQGOEG Y ``è ````dG ```Y ``è i``jh
Y jG Y fCG G cG cT FQh G
Ib j dG EG ```dG e S ``bGh
fCG ``Z ,``` j CG ``V``è ``g `è G``gh ,O`````bG
Od f , eCa `èCG M EG dH
cjh ,dM FdG ``bG``dG J dG eGdG `è
ac EG dH fq CG J eGdG g hCG CG e
dG GSCG q Ea ,jObG eG UN dG hO
,G LEG dG ge f ie J
%21 Y h ,%100 e ``cC jeCG J dGh
GQhCd e S CG j e gh ,%64 dG h
fGL gh ,e dG ObG j dG
.G d dG cdGh GQdc
iS j dG C f ``fCG e jh
bGdG j fEa G ```LEG dG e %21
Yh ,cdG OY b EG jCG jh ,ObG
Y ``Y ```à ,Q``````S``d i`` NBG GhOCG `` jCG O`` Lh
Hjh .`èG```dG `è ``dP ``Zh Gd S O``Lh
ge d `
m ` c `` YEG O`` Lh ``Y EG ```d``H
Z eGdG g e jj QSG Y WN Ic
.QSd HPG
j MCG e c fEG Fb e Ojh
J G H ,G fCc dG EG dG
e ``c```T hCG ```H CG QSH G ```b
d ```dBG dG q CG Ve ,dH ``LQ`è
QSG dG j eY dd ,a AGdGh
.eCG jW QSG QYG Gj CG j
jYJ M
`````j `````G ``g ``è ``M CG ``è ``cD` jh
gZh G d edG dc G G b
dG ``M ``j``Y``J H eG ```G `è
e ```Y ```F``b ```j CG ```j `` dGh ,Q``````SGh
jW G IdG Y j CGh ,Oh VGh
SCG hG j CG CG e q EG M ,i``G
gh Fd gJ je ,dG VfG e
fq EG ```j h .dG d f ``JC`j `è
OY jCG T a GSCG VGdG dG QH
J edG hGd MG SCG CG M ,SCG
,S CG W Z J dG gh ,%40 Y
gdG Y
www.alroya.info
info@alroya.info
dGh ad jDhdG SDe Y QJ

118 :jdG edG - 343 .U :SGG
Y S - e
24479889
:ca
24479888 :Jg
hdG jdG
IAVG
dG
fQGO Y GQG
fCG j e ,!?YQGRh H Heh GQG We fGbh feo iS fCG j e
eR FY hCG bGh Y he a dP j e ,!? GQf GQL dG fj T iS
Ffh dg e k aN e G``bG M hCG ee jj h G ij fq CG hCG ,feR Z
,Oe Z H QX a EG GQG jJ IgX fG d ,dG KQdG
G ``NBGh dG ``NBG fCG X d ,QX gOLh bf c e ``NBG dGh GQa
YEG FSh dhGG QNCG qC ,gh dG H CG J d ,dGh GQG V G
Lhe Y dG AdEG Yh ,dGh GQG e Ic c jJ h MEG V Y
GQG e q H ae UCG G qCH fh ,dGh dG a j dP c ;GQG
;UN H QX a Th Y H dG T EG NdG g Lf g eh ,dGh
aGhh dGh GQH Wh eH VQ a ,jhPh dgCHh H G G Gd d
FN a Wh AHCG Y gGPCGh gQd Qe gh ,IG OGG jhJh jJ GTG Y
.VdGh VQCGh jdG fN HY j CG j
J J qCG gOe e IY WJh GQGh dG jJ IgX d c d
q
Y hG LQO EG Uhh ,dG
EG H QfG LQO EG Uh M YLG ce e
efH YEGh ,G bGf O Lh g eh ,af dG dG Z de fGh dCG
gGdG g R`àCG dG dTEG c eh GQGh dG jJ IgX a Wh
ac efdG jh ,M Y d J dG ddG cG e gZh J Y IjG
idG c GTEGh ,G OGaCGh iQdG AYCGh dGh gCGh eG SDG
G S Y CGdh ,J e J dG cd LdG G OjE G YdG
cQG IFGO SJ j K eh ,eh gjb b dG fH Vh jh c
Gh eG c G GWCG H e QGM g j H aG c EG
dhDe hCG AH WGc AGS JY Y IG WdG dhDG qC ,WGGh gCG
H bG QNCG ac V e bdGh J JLGH dG Y eG
eGdG QaCG Qfc je Gk QNCG CG ,gZh dGh GQc jOe GQNCG fc AGS
.aGh Gh
eCG j GWCGh ,GQG IgX IQOG eH QX a WGG H NCG d
YGdG be EG G Jh ,(GQ```G QGVCH Yd YdG M eL M)
dG aK d UGh edG SDG Jh ,aG GQ```G Igd ```Gh
g f IadG g N eh ,QG dG e TdG M G g Sh ,YdG
AYEGh ,oG YdG dG Jh H Vd YG hCG jOdG GQO```Gh OG
WT OGaCG EG jG dG f c ,dGh CG jJ QGh dG QhO G
AHCG Y IG OGG e gZh GQGh dG jJ Y j jdG fdG Yo
ADg jJh ICae J CG fh H eCf c ,dG VQCG g Gh o dG dG Hh
gOH J jeh jOe Bae ,Gh WGGh WdG jM Y jgdG SGdG LdG
g e EG LMCG a ,jYdG M eL dG f c ,QoJh oJh coJ dG
bQh WdG AH gGh cQG Lh cCG Y QhH G b EG LMCG eh OG
.WGG
j```dG ``jH OÙ T zdG {

fdG -jdG
H ``` S O``` ` ` dG ```
WGe `è ```jO``dG ```M
OUG `è jdG ``jh
H ``` J IQO`` `f `````S
cCG fRh j dG
.c 150 e
g CG EG jOdG QTCGh
gOUG IQOdG dG
e dG SGH VY
`` ` èCG 10 G`` ` M `à``` ` e
EG ``` d``W ``` ` jh ``j``` H
.e e cCG
IFGO HEG fCG VhCGh
jdH ```````dG Ih`` `dG
S U Y UH
eb `` ` `bh dG
dG ``` ` H ``` ` f``L `` e
jdG ``` ` dG ``c`è EG
.SGQd dGh
mohmed-shahri@yahoo.com
HdG GdR M e Ye c BG
cdG -cW
SQe 11 HV dG q G Leh Gdd hCG jdG icdG AME HdG J
BG Y AGOC``H dG ``M e R``Y ``dCG a Qj Se M ``N e ,2011
CG eCG hOc fHdG AfCG dch cPh .GddG N dG G e U c
HdG e We IY AGOCH dG M e RY dCG dN Qj h q J dG
HV dG efdG q G Le N dG G e U c BG GSG Y
,JcjRjQ je e NCG M e dG BG U bh .JcjRjQ je
.IG IdG`H Y e VQCG ,HdG Z H ,JGjEG jh
G e ICGeG j GZ
cdG -OQchG
ge j CG jeG ICGeG H Qj
k LQ `` NCG k G`` Z `` `jCG `è ``j `` G `è
JS U fh.N hj c
OQchCG WT Y ceCG QjGfEG
NCe bh M e LN ICGeG qCG jghCG
N h```jh Lj LH CLJ H PEGh
.dG J CG e kdW gLh
c ``fCG ``Ù k G``Z qCG ``cCG WdG d
e cj ``NCGh IC`à b jb e j
.fCTh ICGG Jh QGdG EG LG aO
Y ICG``G AH dG qCG WdG ``cPh
gh ,dG GdG Gg EG Oj IG b
.Lh Y ech VVQ e EG J J
QJ fY hCG ..jR SG
H````G dG ```SG
fdG - e
fdG SG Se dG Gd HG dG IQdG M QG GS HhQ ja QNG
HG dG IQdG S 2041 /``bQ MdG cQd fY hC`c jJ BG N H jR
SG cQd jJ BG jR QNG A``Lh. g NG dG ge ``M Y ```HCG AG``LEGh
EG e jQdG T hCG gh GS HhQ dG FdGh dG G b e HG dG
SG Se VJh .HG d dhdG G SDe gh HGh dG dG e c
J M ,LCGh HdG hdG e jeeh dG G AdG e (72) fH IeG fdG
dhDe J M ,IjdG dG XGh jdG IGh HG dG IQdG SG G
fCT e bSG GQOe PJG IQhH OdG G GTEGh G ``YEG cQG dG AYCG
25 CG``H dG MdG EG jR SG dbh. eOdG LCd Ge e aJh dG jM
CGH b G e jdGh SdG fhdc c e YHh G SQe 17 Jh VG jGa
eb ``dP H jeCG IQ```dG L GjG IjL EG K , LQCG SjG fH EG dH
dGh AGO``G jG dG J e SJ dGh UG NGdG iMEG SH YG
. MdG VJ b dG HdG e gZh dG dGh JdG jdc YG e jdH

°vé Ÿg É©Dg Ón Äójõæàdgh Á Éjhîdg Vhô© D É°Ü Nôj 1468 Íæ " Ziqééàdg (

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

°vé Ÿg É©Dg Ón Äójõæàdgh Á Éjhîdg Vhô© D É°Ü Nôj 1468 Íæ " Ziqééàdg (

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

VG dG N jdGh jhdG Vhd NJ 1468 zIQdG{

2012 SQe 4 aGG `g1433 dG HQ e 11

QGG GQe Yj z QOGdG e{

dGh ad jDhdG SDe Y QJ eT jObG ej

fdG Ih``dG `` jec eL

MdG b jd JGSG VH Lj AGQRdG

`fhdEG cQG Qe ``Y 16 `cG dG

cQG Q````e k` ` ``Y16 ` ` dG ``c``G ```````dG ````M

b``````Y ``S 4 A```H :z

dG ``jRh `````dG S ``H S ``H ```fi dG ```e c

jRh dG fi H MCG.O e cCG

e S TfG d ..dhCG GQGUEGh zjOdG{ J : zjDhdG Ihf {

.fi HgQEG g bh e LCG e OG c ILCH gjhJ

dOEG ````fG GdhM j`````L 47 GYEG :jQ````S

AGb dj ,dG OY e GQk YG

2012 SQe 4 aGG `g1433 dG HQ e 11 MG

WGd eG J d eG GMdG H hdEG HdG GSEH Lj AGQRdG

OdG Gg h .dG FShh d eG

faCGh dGh jdGh GQeEG AGS j dG G jRh

dU ```fi IO````S ,``` eCG ````U

hCG `` j`` ` dG `` ` `e ``` ` ` ` SG

OS `` H ``` Y Q``` c``dG IO``` ` S ``` ` ` ` SG

2012 SQe 4 aGG `g1433 dG HQ e 11 MG

G af ..d hCG WdG DG fG

MGe ```a ```dG ```fb :zjDhdG{`d ```fdG

dG `Y `dah eGH G`bG OH IQGRdG

G fj jH dG Y WdG jdG QhU

d ````dG ``` dBG G`` bGh ````dG J

2012 SQe 4 aGG `g1433 dG HQ e 11 MG

ffdG dG hODj jQGOEGh dG HbdG RL e Gk Y 37

zXdG bNCGh dH IQGOEG{jQdG efdG J z YdG WG {

jQe keMCG fEd fq CG EG Ge ,dG

eCG U YdG Wd edG SDG CGH

d dG QSCG JQG QGSG : zFGdG WMGh RG{

`` HG`` dG ``Y``` ` SG ``j``` ` dG `` ` `VhG

2012 SQe 4 aGG `g1433 dG HQ e 11 MG

dG fE ee IYc adG JQb Rjh dG fe Sj hG

d ```j``Ù I````è `````J O````Y ```j`èCG

jRh dG fi ``H ``` MCG.O ```e ``cCG

2012 SQe 4 aGG `g1433 dG HQ e 11 MG

fe N aC dG MU SCc He cQG IFGO SJ bj zjObG jDhQ{

a dG Ff Y `` WG ``c````dG ````UCG cdG HG M ;YdG

FdG j YCG UCG

N bh ,``bCG hCG jQ je KK jQSG

HG ``` Y ``` F``` dG ``` ` j `` ` YCG ``` ` UCG

2012 SQe 4 aGG `g1433 dG HQ e 11 MG

SGh IdG SDG YOh YhG OSEG RQH QhO ..bG

2012 d zfjG{ efH ```NGdG ```afi

eG M FGQBGh JMe EG SGh

```j `` dG ``e``f``dG ``FG``Lh G````

IFGdG dG SDG e H GNDe f

2012 SQe 4 aGG `g1433 dG HQ e 11 MG

dG N YSCG SG YCG jh dCJ j TDG

G ```H```jEG Q``` NCG H O````U

z G{h z eG{ JQG

H jJ `q `H ``e``G ```TD`e ``Mh

S AGOCG ``M YSCG jdG f

2012 SQe 4 aGG `g1433 dG HQ e 11 MG

jGa N dhGG SCd dLEG dG JQG

2008 S e ie YC %0^9 jOdG UQdG OU

cdG Fd jG bJ ZQ jdG UQd HjEG AGOCG

HQCG YCG jG UQdG

Qh```dG TfG e Y````SCG SSCG Y %3^5 ``j gdG

fmJHD' 6HxD' |.'x* /v9 (