BDT Cauchy Va BDT Bunhia

BDT Cauchy Va Bdt Bunhia
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th c x y ra khi v ch khi (a1 , a2 ,..., an ) v (b , b2 ,...,b ) hai b s t l. ng 1 n l
II-M S DNG BI T T P 1). S dng tr c tip BT Bunhiacpxki a).nh gi v b sang v ln V d 1. Cho a2 + b2 +c2 = . Ch ng minh ng: a +3 b +5 c 35 . 1 r ng Gii: Theo B t th c Bunhiacpxki ta c:a + 3b +5 c (12 +2 52 )( 2 b2 c+ 3 + a + 2 V d 2. Cho x2 + y2 =1 . Ch ng minh ng: x 1 + y + y 1 +x 2 +2 . r ng Gii: Theo B t th c Bunhiacpxki ta c:
x 1 + y + y 1 +x ( x2 y ( x +2 )1 + 1 + y+ ) x 2 x + y + 2 2 (+2 = 5 4
= pcm. 35
2 y ) + 2 =2 . +
V d 3. Cho36 x 2 +16y2 =9 . Ch ng minh ng: y 2 x . r

ng Gii: Theo B t th c Bunhiacpxki ta c: 2 2 1 1 1 1 2 +2 16 ( y2 x) = .4 y + x + ( y 36 x 3 .6 4 16 9 25 25 = .16 = 16.9 9
Suy ra: y 2 x (pcm). V d 4. Cho a ( a 1 ) +b ( ) + c 1 ) . Ch ng minh ng: a + b +c 4 . b 1 c ( r Gii: Theo gi thit ta c:

3 1 1 c 1 4 a ( a 1 ) +b ( ) + c 1 ) a b 1 c ( = b + + 2 2 3 4 2 p d ng B t ng th c Bunhiacpxki ta c: 2 1 2 1 1 1 c 1 3 a + b +c = a +b + + 3 a b + 2 2 2 2 2 2 Ta c pcm. V d 5. (thi h sinh gi Tnh 10-B A-N 1992-1993) c i ng m 2 2 2 2 2 2 d Chng minh:( x + ax + b) + (x +cx + ) (x 1 + ) 2 d 1 vi mi a, b, c, d thomniu kin:a2 + b2 +c 2 + 2 = ng Gii: Theo B t th c Bunhiacpxki ta c: 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 x b x x x x ( x + ax + b ) ( +a + )( + 1 + ) = ( a+ b +2 )( 1 +
2 2 2
5 4
4 3
25 = 12 25 3 1 3 c + 3. = 2 2 + 2 2 4 +
2
+ cx + d ) ( + + x c d ng v theo v ta C c:
(x
x )(
+ 1+ x
x ) =(
c + d +2 )( 1 + x
) )
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2 2 2 ) + + ) (x 1 + 2)( a b+ c + d + 2 =( 1 (+pcm) cx d 2 2 x 2+ 2 2 )x 2 2 2 2 (V a + b +c + =). d 1 V d 6. (thi h sinh gi Tnh 10-B A-N 1995-1996) c i ng m Cho a, b, c + v a +b +c = . Ch ng minh ng: 1 r a +b + b + + c + c a 6 ng Gii: Theo B t th c Bunhiacpxki ta c: 2 a a 1 + ) ( ( a + b + b +c + c + ) ( 1 +1 )+ (a b + b+ c ) c( +a +3.2 = ( b c+ 6)+ )
x ( x2 + ax + b ) + (2
Suy ra a + b + b + + c + . c a 6 V d 7. (thi h sinh gi Tnh 10-B A-N 1998-1999) c i ng m 2 2 2 2 y Cho bi t ph trnh( x + a ) + (y +b ) + x + ) c c nghi m. ng = ( Chng minh ng:(a + b ) 3c2 . r t th c Bunhiacpxki ta c: Gii: Theo B ng
1 x y (a + b ) (x +a ) +y + ) +(x y) 1 (1 + +) ( a + ) y + + )x + +) 2 . = ( b (b ( 3c 2 Vy (a + b ) 3c2 .
2 2 2 2 2 2
b).nh gi v vln sang v b. nh An-L p 10-B A-1999-200) ng V d 1. (THI HSG T Ngh Cho ai , bi ( i =1,2,3 ).
2 2 a).Ch ng minh ng: (a12 + a2 +a3 )(12 +b22 +3 r b b2
) (a1 b1
ab +2 2
a b) . +3 3
4 b).Gi s a1 a2 + a2 a3 +a3 a1 = . Tm gi trnh nht ca biu thc: P = a4 + a2 +a4 4 1 3
Gii: a).Xt hm s 2 2 2 f ( x )= (a1 +a2 + 3 )x2 +( a b + b a 2 1 1 a 2 2
2 + b) x (+ a 3 b 3 1
2 2 b b+ ( 1=x 1b)+ ( 2 + 2b ) + (3a x 3b ) + a ax + 0, 2+ 3 )
2 2 Nu a12 + a2 +a3 = a2 a3= 0 thay vo B T ng. 0 a1 = = 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Nu a1 + a2 +a3 > ta c: f ( x ) 0, ( 1=1 a b a b+ ) ( a a +3 )(+ 0 x ' ab 2 + 3 3 a b 2 1 2 1 2 2 2 2 Suy ra:(a1 + a2 +a3 )(12 +b2 +3 b b2 b). Ta c:
2 b 2
2 + b 3
+ )0
) (a1 b 1
ab +2 2
a b ) pcm. +3 3
2 1 1 1 1 2 4 2 P = (1 + + )( a14 +2 + ) (12 a2 a2+ ) =a2 a + a + a a + a + ) aa a a + a a) + a4 a3 a 1 1 + 3 ( 22 32 )( 32 12 3 ( 1 2 2 3 3 1 2 1 2 3 3 3 16 2 Vy MinP= khi x= y = z = . 3 3 V d 2. Cho a + b +c = . Ch ng minh ng: a2 + b2 +c2 . 6 r 12 ng Gii: Theo B t th c Bunhiacpxki ta c: 1 1 2 1 2 a2 + b2 +c2 = (1 + 1 )( a2 b2 c2 ) (1. a 1. b 1. c) 1 + + + + + .6 12 = = 3 3 3 2 4 3 2 V d 3.Ch ng minh ng: N ph ng trnh x + bx + cx + bx 1 0 c nghi m th: b2 +(c 2 ) > r u + =
30
PHAMQUYNHANHBABY0512@YAHOO.COM - THPT chuyn bunghich - THANH CHNG
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4 3 2 ng + = Gii: Gi s x0 l nghi m ca ph trnh x + bx + cx + bx 1 0 th x0 0 . Ta c: 4 3 2 x + bx + cx + bx + 0 1 = 2 x 0
1 + 2 x0
1 b + +0x x + c 0 . = 0
1 t t = x0 + t . 2 x0
Khi ta c: t 2 + bt +c = 2 0 t2 Suy ra:b2 + (c 2 ) 2

2 4
2 2 = bt c +2 ) t4 (bt = c 2+) b2 ( 2 + ) 1 ) c ( (2 t
t 1 =2 1 + t 2 4> 1 0 +3 . = pcm) ( t +1 t + 1 2 2 1 ay V d 4. Tm gi trnh nht ca hm s f = ( x 2 y + ) +2 x + 5+ ) (
ng T Gii. p d B Bunhiacpxki ta c: 2 1 2 2 2 1 1 f= ( ) + 2 x y 1 ) + x ay 5 +) 2 )( 2 y 1 + 2+x ay + + a 4 y 5 ) =( ( ( + ) 2 1 2 + 2 5 ( x 1. ( 5 5 y = 3 Nu a th f 0 v du bng x y ra khi 4 a +4 x = 2 y 1 =11 9 x 2 y Nu a = th f v du bng x y ra khi 4 5 5 y Vy: V i a th M inf = 0 4 Nu a = th M inf = . 4 V d 5. (THI HSG T Ngh nh An-L p 10-B A-2002-20030 ng a 2 + b2 +c2 = 25 2 2 2 Cho a, b, c, x, y, z l cc thc tho mn x + y + z = s 36 ax + by +cz = 30 ca Hy tnh gi tr biu thc P =
a + b +c . x+ y +z Gii. p d ng B T Bunhiacpxki ta c: 2 a2 + b2 +c2 )( 2 +y2 +2 ) ( ax by cz) x z + + ( 9 5
Theo bi ra ta c:a2 + b2 +c2 )( 2 +y2 +2 x z (

a b c a2 = 2 x y z x a b c a + b +c 5 Suy ra: = = = = x y z x+ y + z 6 a + b +c 5 Vy: P = = x+ y +z 6
= ) 25.36
b2 =2 y c2 = 2 z
= 302
ax + ) ( = by cz+
Do th c xy ra khi: = ng
a2 + b2 + c2 = 2 2 x2 + y + z
25 5 = = 36 6
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PHAMQUYNHANHBABY0512@YAHOO.COM - THPT chuyn bunghich - THANH CHNG
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a b c d 2 + + + a, b, c, d 0 . > b + 2c +3d c + d + a d 2 a 3 b a 2+ 3 + 3 2 3 + + b c
Gii. Ta c:
a
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BDT Cauchy Va BDT Bunhia

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