كتاب التحليل المكاني في نظم المعلومات الجغرافية للبروفيسور داود جمعة

.

Principles of GIS Spatial
Analysis
.
Gomaa M. Dawod, PhD
_____________________________________________________
- :
:

.
:
Dawod, Gomaa M., 2012, Principles of GIS Spatial Analysis (in
Arabic), Holly Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
_____________________________________________________

.

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GIS

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GIS "
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http://surveying.ahlamontada.com/
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gmmahmoud@uqu.edu.sa
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Data Information .
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:Smith 1987

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:Parker 1988
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:Devine and Field 1986
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Map Projection
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Point Line or Arc
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-- Mean
Arithmetic Mean Average

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-- Mean Deviation

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-- Variance

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______________________________________________________________

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Normal
Distribution Normal Curve

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______________________________________________________________

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-'
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440,009
-1,647,451
1,647,451
2,714,094,037,039
320,524
-1,766,936
1,766,936
3,122,062,012,587
505,652
-1,581,808
1,581,808
2,502,115,818,799
411,888
-1,675,572
1,675,572
2,807,540,753,843
791,535
-1,295,925
1,295,925
1,679,421,007,506
597,144
-1,490,316
1,490,316
2,221,041,092,018
1,215,858
-871,602
871,602
759,689,644,126
1,365,110
-722,350
722,350
521,789,189,108
1,777,933
-309,527
309,527
95,806,820,870
1,913,392
-174,068
174,068
30,299,588,285
4,105,780
2,018,320
2,018,320
4,073,616,553,932
6,777,146
4,689,686
4,689,686
21,993,156,943,067
6,915,006
4,827,546
4,827,546
23,305,202,610,214
27,136,977
23,071,105
65,825,836,071,394
2,087,460
1,774,700
5,063,525,851,646
320,524
2,250,228
6,915,006
6,594,482
2,342,112

.
.
) . (
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______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
-- Coefficient of Variation

.
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= . = / % .
= . = / % .

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______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
= . = / %
.
- Skewess and Kurtosis
--
symmetrical
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= = :
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asymmetrical distributions
. )-
(
. ) -(
.
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______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
Pearson's coefficient for

skewness :
= ) ( /
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.
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
--

.normal distribution leptokurtic

platykurtic .
.

.

.
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1
7
21
35
35
21
7
1

2
6
10
15
20
40
25
10

10
25
40
20
15
10
6
2
5
14
20
25
25
20
14
5

5
10
35
14
14
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5
3
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40
40
13
8
3
50
40
30
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60
50
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- Correlation and Regression

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independent dependent
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______________________________________________________________
885474
68966
18547
49955
75993
2883169
1338341
240938
110449
42810
44276
39053
279
36
30
48
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348
227
205
116
27
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483164.25

116.429
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885474
68966
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240938
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5797971
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-'
402310
-414198
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-433209
-407171
2400005
855177
-242226
-372715
-440354
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162
-81
-87
-69
-68
231
110
88
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65006550
33722641
40615291
30071942
27857300
553401095
93713119
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528013
39815363
41877254
42375615
947769202
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
=
= ] ) '( ) '( / [ ] [
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)( .
:
247047246
2482776
556410
2397840
3723657
1003342812
303803407
49392290
12812084
1155870
974072
859166
784064204676
4756309156
343991209
2495502025
5774936049
8312663482561
1791156632281
58051119844
12198981601
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______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
) (
:
400
350
300
200
150
250
100
50
0
3,000,000
2,500,000
2,000,000
1,500,000
1,000,000
500,000
) (-

.

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______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
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% .

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standard error )
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______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

-

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.

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central tendency
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.
.
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) ( ) (
. ) (
:
=
= /
=
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:-
:
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
=
= ) = / (++++
=
= ) = / (++++
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220
200

180
160
140
120
100
80
220
200
180
160
140
120
100
80
) (-
-- Weighted Mean Center
) (
.

.
) ( .

:
= ) ( /
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______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
= ) ( /
= . = /
= ) ( /
= . = /
) (. .
:
220
200
140
120
180
160
100
80
220
200
180
160
140
120
100
80
) (-
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
-

.
-- Standard Distance

.
Standard
Circle
)( .

.

% )( .
:
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:
= ) ] ) ) '( / [ +
] ) ) '( / [ (
:
'
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:-
:-
' = = =
' = = =
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
) '(
'(
= ) ] ) ) '( / [ ) ] + ) '( / [ (
= ( [ / ] + [ / ] )
= ( )
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= : .
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- %
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) %
(.
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
:-
:-
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) ' (
= ) ] ) ) '( / [ +
] ) ) '( / [ (
= ( [ / ) ] + [ / ) ]
= . = [ . + . ]
= .
-- Directional Distribution
) Standard
(Deviational Ellipse .

.
:
- ) ( = = ) - + ( /
:
= ) -'( ) -'(
= ) ] ) -'( ) -'( ) + ( ([
= ) ) '( ) '( (
- = )] ) ) '( ) '( (/[
- = )] ) ) '( ) '( (/[
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
:-
:-
o
- ) ( = =
- = .
- = .
) (-
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
--
.
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.

. :
= ) ( /
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______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
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______________________________________________________________
-- Average Nearest Neighbor

pattern
.
) ( )
(
.
:
= = ) / (
:
= = /
:

)(:
/ =
:
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.

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______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
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.

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______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
-- ) (
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Spatial
Autocorrelation
)
(
.
- + -
+
. :
= ) / (
] ) i=1n) j=1i i'( ) j'( ( / ) i'( [
i
n
i=1 j=1
.i,j
i )( i i .
j )( j j .i
-

.
:-

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______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
= . .
= .
.
- Density

.
.
-- Point Density
surface map
.

:
) (-
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
-- Line Density
) ( surface map
:
) (-
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
- Linear Directional Mean

) (

.
:
= o. - =
) (-
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
- Spatial Interpolation
) (
.
)( .
) ( surface map
.

:
) (-
Kriging, Natural :
Neighbor, Spline .
______________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

. shapefile

)( .
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.

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-

Pythagoras
.

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Columbus Magellan
. Newtown
:
.

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______________________________________________________________
.

_____________________________________________________________________
) (-

%
)
( Mean Sea Level MSL

. Geoid
] MSL

[ .

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-( . ) (-

.
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Ellipse

Ellipsoid or Ellipsoid of Revolution Spheroid
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_____________________________________________________________________

.
) (:
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f=(ab)/a
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______________________________________________________________
.

_____________________________________________________________________
Datums

.Reference Surface

: .
) ( Plane
.Plane Surveying
.

.
) a , b (a , f
.

.

.

.

. Re-Position
.

A geodetic Datum, a local datum, or
.simply a datum
)
( .
.
.

.
.
Old Egyptian Datum
.OED1970 =
F1 .

)
( .
______________________________________________________________
.

_____________________________________________________________________

. .

Helmert 1906
Clarcke 1866
Bassel 1841
Airy 1830
WGS72
WGS84

.

Clarke 1880 )
(.

Horizontal Datum .
) (
.Vertical Datum

. Tide Gauge

) (
.
Leveling
-Bench Marks: BM .
Vertical Egyptian Datum
MSL .
______________________________________________________________
.

_____________________________________________________________________
-
Coordinates
.
. ) (
)Two-Dimensional (or 2D
.Coordinates
) ( .
Three-
Dimensional (or 3D) Coordinates
) (
Spherical
.
Coordinates Geodetic
Coordinates Geographic Coordinates
.Ellipsoidal Coordinates One-
Dimensional (or 1D) Coordinates
.
Four-Dimensional (or 4D) Coordinates
) (
"" .
.
)
( :
-
) (
.

.

) (
.Longitude
)
(o .
o o ....
o o
o .

.
) (
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.
______________________________________________________________
.

_____________________________________________________________________
o

.
o o
o
.... o
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.
) (-
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y ) x -
.(
______________________________________________________________
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_____________________________________________________________________
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)
( .
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h
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) (-
______________________________________________________________
.

_____________________________________________________________________

) (o
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.
) (-
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Y X
) ( Z
. ) X, Y, Z : .(-
______________________________________________________________
.

_____________________________________________________________________
) (-
--
(, ,
) h ):(X, Y, Z
)(4-2
X = (c + h) cos cos
Y = (c + h) cos sin
Z = [ h + c ( 1-e2) ] sin
c e radius of curvature first

eccentricity :
)(4-3
a
c = ---------------------) (1 e2 sin2
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e = [ (a2 - b2) ] / a
) (X, Y, Z
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)(4-5
tan = Y / X
)Z / (X2 + Y2
tan = --------------------------------) )1 e2 (c / ( c + h
) (X2+Y2
h = ----------------- - c
cos
______________________________________________________________
.

_____________________________________________________________________
c h
c - !
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.
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.
.
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.

.
A
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______________________________________________________________
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_____________________________________________________________________
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______________________________________________________________
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_____________________________________________________________________
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: O '
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______________________________________________________________
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_____________________________________________________________________
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=
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N
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= :
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______________________________________________________________
.

_____________________________________________________________________
- =
= :
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= o = o - o
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o o.
:

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______________________________________________________________
.

_____________________________________________________________________
= . = .
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______________________________________________________________
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______________________________________________________________
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_____________________________________________________________________

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) .(-
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) .(-
- .

.
) (-
) (-
______________________________________________________________
.

_____________________________________________________________________
) (-
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scale Standard
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) .(-
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______________________________________________________________
.

_____________________________________________________________________
.
.
Universal Transverse Mercator
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.GPS
UTM
zones
UTM Central Meridian
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UTM .
o
o o
meridian central o.
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!(.
scale factor .

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o.
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)
( ) (
.
:
______________________________________________________________
.

_____________________________________________________________________
o : UTM
.
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o :
A UTM
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o
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UTM :
)(-

:
= ) ( -
:
)(-

:
= ) - (
- - )
(.
______________________________________________________________
.

_____________________________________________________________________
) (-
______________________________________________________________
.

_____________________________________________________________________
) (-
______________________________________________________________
.

_____________________________________________________________________
:
UTM : O ' "
O ' "
: :
= ) . = + (/) + (/
= ) . = + (/) + (/
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= ) ) + ( ( +
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= ) + ( .
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= .

) (.
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= ) + (
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= + .
= .

) (.
:
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______________________________________________________________
.

_____________________________________________________________________
UTM:
) (
.
X .
Y .
False Easting
) (.
False Easting
)
(.
) (-
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X )( .
______________________________________________________________
.

_____________________________________________________________________
) (
UTM
.
.
on-line
:
http://www.rcn.montana.edu/resources/tools/coordinates.aspx
http://gis.dep.wv.gov/convert/llutm_conus.php
http://www.geod.nrcan.gc.ca/toolsoutils/tools_info_e.php?apps=gsrug
http://home.hiwaay.net/~taylorc/toolbox/geography/geoutm.html
______________________________________________________________
.

_____________________________________________________________________
) (- UTM
) ( http://www.uwgb.edu/dutchs/usefuldata/utmformulas.htm :
______________________________________________________________
.

_____________________________________________________________________
) (- UTM
) ( http://www.uwgb.edu/dutchs/usefuldata/utmformulas.htm :
______________________________________________________________
.

_____________________________________________________________________
: Sinusoidal Equal-Area Projection

) sin curves : ( .
) (-
-.
) (-
:Lambert Conformal Conic Projection
) (
Standard Parallels
.
) .(-
) (-
______________________________________________________________
.

_____________________________________________________________________

:Projection
Lambert Azimuthal Equal-Area
) (
.
) .(-
) (-
:Orthographic Projection
) (
) .(-
.
) (-
______________________________________________________________
.

_____________________________________________________________________
-
Projected Coordinates
2D
. Easting E
Northing ) N x, y

.(X, Y, Z

.
UTM
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--
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Egyptian Transverse Mercator
ETM .
Zones
) Belts ( . Geodetic Datum
Helmert
) 1906 .(-

.
) (Projection Parameters:
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) (
: False
Easting .False Northing
- - .
)
(
software .

______________________________________________________________
.

_____________________________________________________________________
. :

.

! . software
Old Egyptian Datum 1907 .OED 1907
. )(
:
- :Red Belt
) (
. ETM :
False Easting = 615 000 m

False Northing = 810 000 m

o
"Latitude = 30 0' 0

o
"Longitude = 31 0' 0

Scale on central Meridian = 1.00

o
"Zone width = 4 0' 0

- :Blue Belt

. ETM :


"Latitude = 30o 0' 0
"Longitude = 35o 0' 0
"Zone width = 4o 0' 0
- :Purple Belt

. ETM :


______________________________________________________________
.

_____________________________________________________________________
"Latitude = 30o 0' 0

) (- ETM
Extended Red
Belt . )
(
)

!( .
,.
)( MTM
GPS

: Modified
Transverse Macerator ) MTM
( .
. MTM
WGS84 .
MTM
) (
.
______________________________________________________________
.

_____________________________________________________________________

False Northing = 0 m
"Latitude = 0o 0' 0

______________________________________________________________
.

_____________________________________________________________________
-- UTM
UTM
) (
.False Origin UTM

.
UTM
)
(.
UTM
) International Ellipsoid 1924
= ( = 1/f
.
) (
UTM
) (-
.
) (- UTM
______________________________________________________________
.

_____________________________________________________________________
-

.

) ( .
) (
. :
WGS84
) (
WGS84
. )
( Datum Shift
.
.
.
) (X,Y,Z
).(,,h
) (-

) (
. ) X, Y, Z
( :Translation Parameters
)(4-10
X = X2 X1
Y = Y2 Y1
Z = Z2 Z1
______________________________________________________________
.

_____________________________________________________________________
) (X1,Y1,Z1
) (X2,Y2,Z2 .
) (X,Y,Z
)' (X',Y',Z :
X' = X + X
Y' = Y + Y
)(4-11
Z' = Z + Z
) (
.

.
. ) (X, Y, Z
:
Rotation Parameters
) scale factor .(-
) (-
:
) ( X Rx ) ( Y Ry ) ( Z Rz scale factor .s
) (
) (X, Y, Z, Rx, Ry, Rz, s
Transformation Parameters .
______________________________________________________________
.

_____________________________________________________________________
) (
.

.

.

.WGS84
WGS84
:
______________________________________________________________
.

_____________________________________________________________________
WGS84
) (
)(

DZ
DY
DX
Clark 1880
Adindan
)(
)(
)(
()
Clark 1880
Carthage
)(
)(
International European
)(
)(
)(
1924
1950
()
()
Clark 1880
Merchich
)(
Clark 1880
North
)(
)(
)(
Sahara
1959
Clark 1880
Voirol
)(
)(
)(
1960
Old
Egyptian
1906
Ain El
Abd 1970
Helmert
1906
)(
)(
)(
International
1924
)(
)(
)(
Ain El
Abd 1970
Nahrwan
International
1924
Clark 1880
Nahrwan
Clark 1880
Oman
Clark 1880
International
1924
International
1924
)(
)(
)(
)(
)(
-
)(
)(
)(
() -
()
)(
-
Qatar
National
European
1950

Voirol

1874
Clark 1880
)(
)(
)(
)(
-
______________________________________________________________
.

_____________________________________________________________________
:
.
.
.
.
.
WGS84
WGS84
) (.
) ( .

.

.

.

) .(WGS84

.
WGS84 )
(:
X = 123.842 0.96 m
Y = -114.878 0.96 m
Z = 9.590 0.96 m
" Rx = -1.35314 0.17
" Ry = -1.67408 0.35
" Rz = 5.24269 0.30
)s = -5.466 0.78 ppm (part per million
) (WGS84
)
:(FIG
X = -88.832 0.02 m
Y = 186.714 0.03 m
Z = 151.82 0.01 m
" Rx = -1.305 2.21
" Ry = 11.216 1.57
" Rz = -6.413 1.84
______________________________________________________________
.

_____________________________________________________________________
) Adindan
(WGS84 )http://www.ses-
sudan.org/english/SESpublications/ses_jour/47/1523GozouliSESfo
:(rmat2.pdf
X = -146.0 0.89 m
Y = -33.5 0.89 m
Z = 205,3 89 m
" Rx = -1.64 1.87
" Ry = 2.18 1.87
" Rz = -14.8 2.6
) (
WGS1984 - - )
FIG ( :
Xo = 4559545.892 m
Yo = 3808252.221 m
Zo = 2314350.329 m
X = 41.650 m
Y = 286.321 m
Z = 89.132 m
" Rx = -1.91577
" Ry = 10.28662
" Rz = -14.08571
)s = -7.1256 ppm (part per million

.

UTM Q37 ) WGS84
(GPS :
= . -
= . -
:
: - X - .
______________________________________________________________
.

_____________________________________________________________________
: - Y - .
: - X - UTM .WGS84
: - Y - UTM .WGS84
)
( UTM Q37
WGS84 UTM )
( :
= . -
= .
:
: - X UTM .
: - Y UTM .
: - X - UTM .WGS84
: - Y - UTM .WGS84
) (
WGS84
) (:
______________________________________________________________
.

______________________________________________________________

-

.Layers

....

.
) (-
() : Vector
() Data .Raster Data
) ( DEM
.TIN
) (-
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
- Vector Shapefile
Vector
.
) (

.
Point Line or Arc .Polygon

.
() :
) ( RAM
() Hard Disk
() .

.
.
) (-
- Raster
Raster

.
)
( .

. )
( ) (pixel
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
resolution
.

pixel
.

.scanners
) (-
vectorization
) Raster to Vector (R2V
.On-Screen Digitizing
) (-
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
- DEM
Digital Elevation Model DEM
)( .
) Vector
( Raster
.
) (-

Input :
- Total Station
GPS
.
- ) (.
- .Aerial Photographs
- .Remote-Sensing Images
- .

() : ) ( ()
() .
:
:GLOBEhttp://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/topo/globe.html
:ETOPO2http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/fliers/06mgg01.html
:ASTER______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
http://edcimswww.cr.usgs.gov/pub/imswelcome/
:SRTMhttp://srtm.usgs.gov/
Aster, SRTM
.Spatial resolution SRTM

) ( SRTM30 : pixel
) ( SRTM3
pixel ) ( SRTM1
pixel ) ( . SRTM30, SRTM3
SRTM1 )
( . Aster

.
.
pixel
) (
.

. :

. ) (
SRTM
Aster
.
SRTM
Aster
. ) . .
( SRTM3 . Aster
. . --

) (
. :
.
.

) .( :
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
- TIN
) Triangular Irregular Networks
(TIN
.raster
TIN )
(
) (
.TIN TIN
)
( TIN
.vector-based
) (-
) (-
) (
TIN .
- Attribute Table
TIN .
TIN
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
.... . )
( .TIN
) (- TIN
TIN )
( raster
.

TIN ) (
.
TIN.
) (- TIN
______________________________________________________________
:
Arc GIS 9.3
_____________________________________________________________________
:
https://skydrive.live.com/?cid=0259CB4F889EAEB3&id=259CB4
F889EAEB3%212784
:
http://www.academia.edu/2001862/Training_Data_of_My_Spatia
l_Analysis_Book
:
http://www.4shared.com/rar/WyRvUPj6/Dawod_SA_Training.html

______________________________________________________________

-
)
.... ( . )
( Datum Coordinate
System
.Map Projection
Arc GIS
.

= . .
Arc GIS
)
( .
.
attribute table.
" "
Arc GIS
%
)
!( :
.
.
.
.

: .
Arc
) GIS 9.3 ( -
....

Attribute Table
) "_" underscore (
) (.
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
-
:

. )
( .
:
F889EAEB3%212784
Ch_6.RAR :
-
--
) (
Arc Catalogue :
:

Arc Map Add Data
Makkah_States
(
)
:Unknown Spatial Reference
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
) OK( :

) ( Layer
Properties Source :
Coordinate Systems Undefined
Extent . Top .
Bottom . Left . Right

:
) (
.

)
( . )
( : .
:Arc GIS
Arc GIS
) Arc Map (Arc Catalogue
.Arc Toolbox

.
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

Arc Toolbox
) Arc Map .(Arc Catalogue

:Arc Toolbox
( .+
)

:
Arc Toolbox
Define Projection
Projections and Transformations Data
:Management Tools
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
Define Projection ) (
vector .raster :
Arc Toolbox
Show Help :
.Hide Help
Input Dataset or Feature Class
.
)

( :Makkah_States

Coordinate System "" :Unknown
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

. :Select
: Geographic Coordinate
Systems ) ( Projected Coordinate
.Systems

)
(Datums .
:Asia
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
)(
: Ain el Abd
1970.prj :
:
Africa Egypt 1907.prj
:

Details :
Datum: International 1924 Semi Major Axis
Semi Minor Axis Inverse
) Flattening (:
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
OK GCS Ain el
Abd_1970 :
OK . )
( - Completed
Close :
)
( :
Define Projection
: .

) (
.GIS
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
--

Map
.Projections
.
) (
.
Vector Project
Projections
and
Features
Transformations .Data Management Tools
Raster Project Raster
Raster
Projections and Transformations Data
Management Tools :Project
Project :
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
)
( Input Dataset or Feature Class
:Makkah_States
) (
Input Coordinate System
. Output Dataset or Feature Class

) Makkah_states_Project (project
.
Output Coordinate System
.
UTM .
) UTM (.

: Select
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
) (
: Coordinate System
Projected
) UTM (
) Other GCS
(:
UTM Ain el
:Abd 1970 UTM Zone 37N.prj
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
Add OK:

OK :
: close
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
) (
Ain el Abd UTM Zone 37N
:
Project
: .
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
:
:
National
) Grids (UTM :

Egypt Blue Belt .prj

Egypt Extended Purple Belt .prj
Egypt Gulf of Suez S-650 TL Red Belt .prj
Egypt Purple Belt .prj
Egypt Red Belt.prj
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
--

UTM
.

) WGS84
( UTM .
) (raster
WGS84 UTM
:Project Raster
) (
Ain
) el Abd UTM Zone 37N (:
WGS84
Geographic Transformation
WGS84
) (- OK
:
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
-
:
:
Attribute Table
Makkah_States Options
:Add Field
Name Area_1 Type

Float Precision
Scale :OK
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
) (
Calculate
:Geometry
)(
:
NO Start Editing
:Editor
.Makkah_States
.Calculate Geometry Area
) Property ( Disable .
!
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
) (
! .
) Arc GIS . (.
!!
. .

Makkah_States_Project UTM:
Calculate Geometry
) Area (Disable
Units :
: :
:Ok
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
) ( :Area_1
: Arc Toolbox
Calculate Areas
Utilities Spatial Statistics
:Tools
Input Feature Class

Makkah_States_Project Output
Feature Class
) (
) Makkah_States_Calcul
(Calcul
:
OK .
F-AREA
) ( . !
) (:
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
Calculate Area
:
) (
:Projected
) (F_AREA
:
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
-
Polyline Shapefile
) Calculate Geometry
(.
) Roads_Makkah (

Define Projection
Roads_Makkah_Project
) UTM .(Project
Attribute
Table
Roads_Makkah_Project Options
:Add Field
Name Length_Km : Type

Float Precision
Scale :OK
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
Start Editing Editor

) (
:Calculate Geometry
) Property (
Length ) Units (
:OK

Length_Km :
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
-
Airports_Makkah
.
.
)
Define Projection (
) (Add Field
Latitude :Longitude
Latitude :
Calculate Geometry
Property ) Y Y Arc
Map ( Y Coordinate of a Point Units
Decimal Degrees
:Ok
Longitude :
Calculate Geometry
Property ) X X Arc
Map ( X Coordinate of a Point Units
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
Decimal Degrees
:Ok
:
Options :Export
Export All
Records
Export_Output.dbf dbf
Database Files Access
.Microsoft Office
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
) ( OK
.

:Text
Airport_Coordinates.txt OK :
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
UTM
Project ) Ain el Abd UTM Zone 37N
(
X Y:
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
-

.Attribute Data

.
Arc
.Map
) (UTM
Area_1 . :

) (
: Statistics
Field ) Area_1 (
:
Count
Minimum
Maximum
Sum
Mean
Standard Deviation
.
.
.
.
.
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
Population

:

) (
) (
) Ctrl
(
:
Statistics :
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
Count ) (

:
-
Raw Data
Arc Map
.
:

) ( .
Arc Map
.
= . )
(
:
= /
:
= . /
) (Add Field
) (UTM Area_Perc
:
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
Start Editing
: Field Calculator
:
:
:Area_Perc
Area_1
:
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

) (
. :

OK Area_Perc
:
% .
% .
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
:
:
= /
Pop_Dens
) Calculator ( :
Field
OK :
./
./ .
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
:
)
( . )
( Programming
.
Programming Languages
Fortran Basic Visual Basic C
.... . .
Arc GIS
Visual Basic Applications .VBA
VBA
:Field Calculator
Area_2
) (UTM Start Editing
:Field Calculator
" " Advanced

: Pre-Logic VBA Script Code

:
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
:
)( :
Dim dblArea as double
Dim pArea as IArea
]Set pArea = [shape
dblArea = pArea.area
dblArea :
:
OK Area_2 )(
:
Perimeter :
Dim dblPerimeter as double
Dim pCurve as ICurve
]Set pCurve = [shape
dblPerimeter = pCurve.Length
dblPerimeter :
VBA Arc
GIS -

.... Arc Toolbox.
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

-

vector data raster data
.
.
) (
.
Arc GIS
.
-
-- Clip
Clip
:
:
Study_Area
:
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
Clip Extract
: Analysis Tools
Input Features ) (
Clip Features
) (
Output
Feature
Class
) Makkah_States_Project_Clip1 (Clip1
:
OK :
) (
) (:
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
-- Extract
Arc Toolbox Raster
Extraction Spatial
: Analyst Tools
Extract by Attribute
Extract by Circle
Extract by Mask
Extract by Points
Extract by Polygon
Extract by Rectangle
Extract Values to
Points
Sample
:
: Extract by Attribute
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

) (
.
SRTM3 ) (
:
F889EAEB3%212784
Extract By
: Attribute
Input Raster ) (
) srtm_makk_utm (UTM
Value )
( " "
) (:
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
) (
OK . Output
Raster : DEM_700m
OK raster
) (
:
: Extract By Mask
:
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

: input raster
) (
input raster or feature mask data
output raster :
OK ) (
:
: Extract By Points
) (
.
input raster input
points
output raster :
INSIDE
:OUTSIDE
.
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
: Extract By Polygon
.
: Extract By Rectangle

) Top (
) Bottom ( ) Left (
) Right (:
: Extract Values to Points

.
: Sample
Table
:
) UTM
= X : = Y (
:
Input Raster )
( Input location raster or point feature
)
( .
Nearest :
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

) (
) (
:
- Select
.
:

:
Input Features Output
Feature Class Jeddah_Makkah.shp
Expression :
State_Name
) (
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
" "

) (

State_Name
.

) ( .
:
= OR State_Name = State_Name
:
= =
) (
) (:
OK
:OK

) ( :
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
:

. :Population
:
Population >= 500000
:
,
: OK
.Ok )
( :
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
-
Arc Toolbox
.
:
Feature to Point
Features Data Management
: Tools
Input Features )
( Output Feature Class
) (:
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

)( :
)
(
) ( :
Feature to Line

Data
Features
: Management Tools
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
Input Features )
( Output Feature Class
) (:

.
:
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
-
) (
. Arc GIS
dwg
dxf dwg dxf
.Arc GIS ) ( Arc GIS
dwg Arc Map Add
:Data
Arc Map
Arc Map
:
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

Arc Map :
Arc GIS
. Arc Catalogue:
Export
) To Shapefiles (Single
) ( : Arc GIS

) (
.Output Folder
) (
) (

:
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
OK Arc Map
:
Arc GIS Export to CAD

: Conversion Tools
Input Features
) (
Output Type :Output File
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
- KML
Google Earth
. Shapefile
) (
Layer to KML To KML Conversion
: Tools
: Arc GIS .

) .(KML
Layer
Output File
Layer Output Scale
) :( :
OK KML :
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

) (
:
) Symbology (
: Map to KML
) (Arc Map :
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
-
vector
raster .
-- Merge
) ( :
General
: Data Management Tools
:
Makkah_States_East
Makkah_States_West :
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
: Input Features
Output Dataset :
.
-- Mosaic
) raster (
:
: . Mosaic
: Mosaic to New Raster
Raster Dataset Raster
: Data Management Tools
Input Raster
Output Location Raster
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
dataset name with extension

Coordinate system for the raster
) (
Cell Size )
( Number of Bands
) (:
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

-
)
(
.... . ) (

.
- )
( output
.
) (

. :

.

.
- Mean Center

:
Arc Toolbox
Measuring Geographic Distributions
: Spatial Spastics Tools
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
)
UTM (
Input Feature Class Output Feature Class
) ( .
:Weight Field
OK
Attribute Table X Coord Y
Coord
:
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
- Central Feature

:

) ( Input
Feature Class Output Feature Class
) ( .
:Weight Field
OK
Attribute Table " "
:
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
- Standard Distance
)
(
:

) ( Input
Feature Class Output Feature Class
) ( .
Circle Size : % 1
Standard Deviation % 2
Standard Deviation % 3
) Standard Deviation ( .
:Weight Field
OK
Attribute Table
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
Coord X ) Coord Y = (
Std Dist . )
:(UTM
- Directional Distribution

Ellipse :
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

) ( :
CenterX = CenterY
) X ( =

) Y (
=
) ( ) (
= :

) (
.

:
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
- Average Nearest Neighbor

) (
Analyzing Patterns Spatial Statistics
: Tools
Input Feature Class

. Display Output
Graphically : OK
= .
Dispersed :
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
Close :
Area
Optional .
:
= = ) / (
:

)(:

.
) ( ) (
:
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
) (
.

.
) (
= .
) Area_2 (
Statistics
SUM = :
Area
:
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
OK = ) . .
(:

.
- )Spatial Auto Correlation (Moran's I
Analyzing Patterns
: Spatial Statistics Tools

Attribute
.
Assum_Pop :
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
Input Feature Class )

( Input Field )
Assum_Pop ( Display
: Output Graphically
OK = .

:
Close :
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
) (
) (.
.
- Surface Spot
Functional Surface
3D Analyst Tools
) Raster
(:
Sample
. Input Surface
) ( Input Feature
Class )
( Spot Field

Spot :
OK Attribute Table
Spot = .
. = Sample
.
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

-

.
:
Raster TIN
.DEM

: ) (

.
Arc
GIS
. DEM
) (
:
F889EAEB3%212784
-
)(
.
) (
scanner .
Georeferencing ) (.
Define Projection Project Raster

) raster (
.
Polyline Shapefile
) (
.Thour_Contour
Height :
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
) Thour_Topo_Map
(
.
Ain el Abd 1970 UTM
:
Start Editing
)( Height:
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
) (
:
. Create TIN

TIN Creation : 3D Analyst Tools
TIN Output TIN Thour_TIN

Spatial Reference Ain
: el Abd UTM Zone 37N
TIN ) (
Edit TIN :
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
Input TIN TIN Input

Feature Class Thour_Contour
Height_Field Height
.

:
OK TIN
:
:
) ( TIN :
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
:
TIN : Raster TIN To Raster From TIN
Conversion 3D Analyst
: Tools
TIN Input TIN raster

Output Raster : Thour_Raster
OK :
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

DEM )
(.
- Contour
DEM )
(srtm_makk_utm
srtm_44_08.rif )
( .
WGS84 . Ain el Abd UTM Zone 37N
) Surface
( Spatial Analyst Tools
. : Contour
Input Raster ) DEM

( Output Polyline Features
Contour Interval
) ( :
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
OK :

) (:
)( :
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
- Slopes

. :
:
Slope :
Input Raster ) DEM

( Output Raster raster
Output Measurement
Degree :
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
OK
.:
Slope Output Measurement

:Percent_Rise
raster
: % .
)
( !
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
- Hillshade
Hillshade
: Hillshade
Input Raster ) DEM

:
OK :
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
- Aspect
.

.

... .
) N E S (W
) NE SE NW :(SW
Aspect : Surface
Input Raster ) DEM

:
OK
:
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
-
:Observer Points
) (
:

) (.
Input Raster ) DEM
( Input point observer features
) ( Output
Raster raster :
OK raster :Symbology
.

:
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
:Viewshed
) (
:
Input Raster ) DEM
( Input point observer features
) ( Output
Raster raster :
OK raster Not :Symbology

Visible Visible
:
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
:Cut and Fill

:
raster ) (
) ( output
raster )
( )
:
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

-
) Overlay Analysis Geo
(Processing
.
) Vector (Shapefiles
Datum projection
.Coordinate System
Proximity
Analysis .
) ( .
Arc GIS
.
-
-- Intersection
)( .

. Attribute
Table ) (
:
:

:
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

Intersect Overlay
: Analysis Tools
input Features )
(Makkah_schools_utm )
(azizia_area Output Feature
Class azizia_schools : :OK
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
) ( azizia_schools
:

:

:

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

Intersect input Features
) (Roads_Main )
(azizia_area Output
Feature Class azizia_roads : :OK
) ( azizia_roads
:

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
-- Union
- ) (
.
:
) (
.
:

:

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
Union Overlay
: Analysis Tools
input
Features
) Makkah_districts_Polygons (
) (New_bound_Polygon_utm
Output Feature Class makkah_haram : :OK
) ( makkah_haram
:

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
attribute table

. union
:
.
:
:

.
-- Erase
) (
:
:
Erase Overlay
: Analysis Tools
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
input Features Makkah_districts_Polygons

) ( Erase Features
Output Feature Class makkah_out_haram : :OK
) ( makkah_out_haram
:
)
( ) (
.
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
-- Identify
union erase
:
:
identify Overlay
: Analysis Tools
input Features New_bound_Polygon_utm

) ( Identify Features
) (Makkah_districts_Polygons
Output Feature Class makkah _haram2 : :OK
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
) ( makkah_haram2
:
-- Spatial Join
attribute table
.
:

. :
Makkah_schools_utm Target Features

Makkah_districts_utm Join
: Features
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
) (
) ( :
.
-- Update

. ) (
:
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
:
Update Overlay
: Analysis Tools

) ( Identify Features
Output Feature Class update_1 : :OK
) ( update_1
) (
:
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
-- Symmetrical Difference
union
:
:
symmetrical difference
Overlay : Analysis Tools

) ( update Features
Output Feature Class difference_1 : :OK
):( diffference_1
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
-
) (
.
-- Buffer

.
) (
" " .
polygon ) (
:
:
Buffer Proximity
:Analysis Tools
Input Features
Main_Roads ) ( Output Feature
Class Roads_Buffer100
Linear Unit )
UTM (
:OK
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
) (

) zoom (
:
:

intersect
makkah_schools_utm
) Rosds_buffer100 (:
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
:
Erase
makkah_schools_utm
:Rosds_buffer100

:
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
-- Near

.
.
Near Proximity Analysis
:Tools
Input Features
Near Features ) :(output features
attribute table ) (
:
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
Near_Dist
Near_FID )
(
.
) (:
-- Point Distance

.
) (
) Table dbf (Database . )
(
.
:
:
Point Distance Proximity Analysis
:Tools
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
Input Features
) ( Near Features
Table Output Table :OK
) Search Radius (
:
) Add Data
(

.
:
OID
Input_Fid
Near_Fid
Distance
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
) ( :
OID
Input_Fid
Near_Fid
Distance
:
= )
(
=
.
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

DEM
-
DEM

. DEM

...
.
) Arc GIS Arc
Toolbox( :
Basin
Fill
Flow Accumulation
Flow Direction
Flow Length
Sink
Snap Pour Points
Streak Link
Stream Order
Stream to Feature
Watershed
raster

)(
- Watershed
Modelling System - WMS Arc GIS
) Arc Hydro .(TauDEM
Arc GIS.
- DEM

DEM Global
DEM
DEM .
SRTM3
.
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
SRTM3
:SRTM3

. )
(.
:
SRTM :
http://www.cgiar-csi.org/data/elevation/item/45-srtm-90m-digitalelevation-database-v41
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
) (
GeoTIFF ) raster
:(ASCII
:

) WinZip (Winrare
srtm_44_08.tif :
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
) (
) ( .

. ) (

.Arc GIS
.
:

) .(ftp
) ( ftp
http

ftp .
SRTM :
ftp://e0srp01u.ecs.nasa.gov/srtm/version2/
:
SRTM1 horizontal resolution
) (
.
SRTM.
SRTM3 horizontal resolution
) (
.
horizontal
SRTM30
resolution ) (
.
: SRTM3
double click SRTM3 :
ftp://e0srp01u.ecs.nasa.gov/srtm/version2/srtm3/
:
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
) (Africa
.
:
"
" copy to folder ) (
.
copy
) paste
(.
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
:
: SRTM3
. :

!
:
: SRTM3 .
.
) (

. ) (
) ( hgt ) Arc
(Map
.
SRTM3
:
- srtm_44_08.zip
.
- - - :
F889EAEB3%212784
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
- Arc Toolbox

o ' o ' o '
o ' .
:
. = + ( ) = o '
. = + ( ) = o '
. = + ( ) = o '
. = + ( ) = o '
Arc Map srtm_44_08.tif
o o o
o:
) ( Extract by Rectangle
Extraction Spatial
:Analyst Tools
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
DEM .
input raster srtm_44_08.tif
) ( output raster
srtm_makkah.tif extraction area
inside :
OK DEM:
) (
. Symbology
stretched classified color ramp :
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
:
format tif grid
Data
:Export
) (Format grid
name :srtm_makkah1 :
.Save ) (
:Yes
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
DEM grid :
: Fill
) ( Fill
Hydrology :Spatial Analyst Tools
Fill ) ( sinks

.
DEM .
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
Fill DEM input surface raster

grid ) ( srtm_makkah1
output
surface
raster
srtm_makkah2 :OK
:
Flow Direction
) (
. Flow Direction
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
=
= .... :
raster
:
Flow Direction input surface raster

DEM ) srtm_makkah2 (
output flow direction raster
Flow_Direct :OK
Symbology
:
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
:
Flow Accumulation
.
. :
Flow Accumulation input flow direction

raster ) Flow_Direct (
output accumulation raster
Flow_Accum :OK
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

) (:
Symbology
:
:
resolution
Con Conditional
:Spatial Analyst Tolls
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
expression value > 500 :

input conditional raster
) flow_accum ( input true raster or
constant value input false raster or constant value
output raster :
:con500_f_accu
expression value > 1000 :

) (
output raster :con1000_f_acc :
con = 500
: con = 1000
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
con .
.
:
raster vector
stream to Feature :
input
stream
raster
) con1000_f_acc (
input flow direction raster Flow_Direct
) ( ) ( output
Polyline features :streams500.shp :
polylines :
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
:
Stream Orders
:
input
stream
raster
) con1000_f_acc (
input flow direction raster Flow_Direct
) ( output raster
s_orders : - -
:Strahler
raster
:
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
:

raster vector
stream to Feature :
input stream raster s_orders
) ( input flow direction
raster ) Flow_Direct (
) ( output Polyline features :
:s_orders_all.shp
Symbology
) grid_code (:
:
) (
. point shapefile
Arc Catalogue pour_point_1.shp :
)
( :
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
:
watershed
:
Input flow direction raster Flow_Direct

) ( input raster or feature
pour point data pour_point_1.shp :
output raster :watershed_1 :
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
raster
:
:
raster
vector polygon shapefile
Raster to Polygon From Raster
:Conversion Tools
input raster ) watershed_1 (

output :
polygon
feature
:watershed_1b.shp
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

Clip Extraction Analysis
:Tolls
input features
) s_orders_all.shp (
) ( Clip feature
) watershed_1b ( output
) feature class ( : s_orders_w1.shp :
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

) (Length
Attribute Table Calculate Geometry

.....
)
( WGS84
!
WGS84 UTM .
:
) (
Basins :
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
Input flow direction raster Flow_Direct

Output raster :
:Basins_All
raster :
Raster To Polygon :
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
) (
.

.
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

-
Spatial Suitability
.
... GIS
.
) (

.... .
) (
)
..... (
.
-
Tutorials Arc
GIS Spatial Analyst Tutorial.pdf
Tutorials .Arc GIS
.
) (
:
F889EAEB3%212784
:
spatial_data_exercise.zip

Stowe Vermont

.

.
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
- - :
Elevation Raster
Landuse Raster

Roads
Rec_sites

Schools

Destination
-
Arc Map ) (
elevation :Landuse
Geo Database
) stowe.gdb ( :
:
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

)
( Spatial Analyst
:
)(
) (Landuse
:
: Options
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
Extent Same as Layer

" "Landuse : OK
raster )
( Slope Surface
:Spatial Analyst Tools
input raster elevation

output raster Slopes :
Output measurement ) Degree
Percent_Rise ( .OK
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

.:
) Distance (
) .(Rec_Sites
Distance to
rec_sites output cell size
output raster distances_rec: : :OK
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
raster
rec_sites :
: schools
Distance to schools
output raster dist_schools: :
output cell size :OK
raster
schools :
) (

. )
( re-classify
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
) (
.
:
:slope
) (
) (
) ( :
Analyst
:reclassify
Spatial
input raster slopes

Classify :
Method Equal Intervals

Classes : OK
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
) (old Values
) (
.
) . ( New
Values

. ) . . (
New Values
.
) . . (
:
OK ) Reclass of Slopes
(
:
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
:Rec_Sites
) (
-
)( ) ( :
Spatial Analyst
.reclassify input raster
distance_rec Classify .
Classes .OK
) (old Values
) ( .
) ( New Values

. ) (
New Values
.
) (
:
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
OK ) Reclass of distance_rec
(
:
:Dist_Schools
) (
) (
) ( :
Spatial Analyst
dist_schools Classify .
Classes .OK
) (old Values
) ( .
) ( New Values
) (

. )
( New Values .
) (
:
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
OK ) Reclass of dis_schools
(
:
:Landuse

.
=
) =
:(NoData
Spatial Analyst
Landuse Reclass field
.LANDUSE Old Values
New Value )

(:
New Value
6
10
5
4
3
Old Value
Barren Land
Agriculture
Brush/Transitional
Forest
Built up
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
Water Wet Lands

Delete Entity
. Change missing values to :
NoData
) (:
OK ) Reclass of landuse
(
:
)
(NoData
Reclass of Landuse Symbology
Display Nodata as :OK
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
) ( :
) ( :

. )
( .
) (
.
)( )
= % = :(

Reclass of Dist_Rec
%
.
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

Reclass of dist_schools

Reclass of Slope

Reclass of Landuse
%.
%.
Raster Calculator
:
Reclass of distance_rec
Layers * .
Reclass of
dist_schools * .
Reclass of
landuse * .
Reclass of slopes
* .
:
[Reclass of distance_rec] * 0.5 + [Reclass of dis_schools] * 0.25
+ [Reclass of landuse] * 0.125 + [Reclass of Slopes] * 0.125
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
Evaluate
- Calculations ) (
)( :
) ( . .
) (
.
) .(
Calculations
Symbology . :
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
) ( :
-
) . (
) .(
) . (

.
) ..... (
.
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
) ( :
) (- :
)(
.
)( .
) (
.
) ( :
.
)( .
)( : ArcView 9
.
)(
.
)(
.
)( ArcGIS Desktop
.
) (- :
:ArcMap
http://cid0259cb4f889eaeb3.skydrive.live.com/self.aspx/GIS%20Training%20Vedio/Da
wod%20Spatial%7C_Analysis%202009.pdf
:ArcMap
http://cid0259cb4f889eaeb3.skydrive.live.com/self.aspx/Arabic%20Surveying%20Mate
rials/ArcMap%20Tutorial_Ar%20Gomaa%20Dawod.pdf
Arc

:ToolBox
rials/ArcMap%20Tutorial_Ar%20Gomaa%20Dawod.pdf
:
rials/Statistics%20in%20Geography%20Ar.pdf
)( :
______________________________________________________________
.

______________________________________________________________
http://downtoolz.com/files/Habibovic/GIS.doc.pdf
http://www.mediafire.com/?av3n7a1unxiwq9i
:
rials/Statistics%7C_Ar/Basics%20of%20Probability.pdf

:
rials/Statistics%7C_Ar/Excel%20Basics%20Ar.pdf
:
rials/Statistics%7C_Ar/Excel%20Computation%20Ar.pdf
:
rials/Statistics%7C_Ar/Excel%20Data%20Analysis.pdf
:
rials/Statistics%7C_Ar/Multiple%20Linear%20Regression.pdf
:SPSS
rials/Statistics%7C_Ar/SPSS%20data%20Analysis%20dr%7C_EZZ.PDF
:SPSS
rials/Statistics%7C_Ar/SPSS%2015%20GRAPHS.pdf
:SPSS :
rials/Statistics%7C_Ar/SPSS%20Dr%7C_Eza%7C_bdu%7C_lfattah.pptx
:SPSS
rials/Statistics%7C_Ar/SPSS%20Analysis%20Ar.pdf
: SPSS
______________________________________________________________
.

______________________________________________________________
rials/Statistics%7C_Ar/SPSS%20Book%7C_1.pdf
: SPSS
: SPSS
: SPSS
rials/Statistics%7C_Ar/SPSS%20Training%20Course%20Ar.pdf
:
rials/Statistics%7C_Ar/STAT%7C_Intro%20KABZ%7C_Univ.pdf
:
rials/Statistics%7C_Ar/Statistical%20Elements%20Ar.pdf
:
rials/Statistics%7C_Ar/Statistical%20Forecast%201%20Ar.pdf
:
rials/Statistics%7C_Ar/Statistical%7C_Analysis%20Ar.pdf
:
rials/Statistics%7C_Ar/Statistics%20Applied.pdf
:
rials/Statistics%7C_Ar/Time%20Series.pdf
:
______________________________________________________________
.

______________________________________________________________
rials/GIS%20FROM%20START%20A_Shamry.pdf
:( )
http://uqu.edu.sa/files2/tiny_mce/plugins/filemanager/files/4260086/Aziz_GI
S.rar
: ()
rials/GIS%20Dr_Wesam.pdf
:( -)
:Arc Map
http://cid0259cb4f889eaeb3.skydrive.live.com/self.aspx/GIS%20Training%20Vedio/1%
20Rectify.wmv
:Arc Catalogue
20Create%20ShapFiles.wmv
:Arc Map
20Digitize%20Polygons.wmv
:Arc GIS
1- Build Layers:
http://cid0259cb4f889eaeb3.skydrive.live.com/self.aspx/GIS%20Training%20Vedio/Bui
ld%20Layers.wmv
2- Change Detection:
http://cid0259cb4f889eaeb3.skydrive.live.com/self.aspx/GIS%20Training%20Vedio/Ch
ange%20_dediction.exe
3- Create Shape File:
http://cid0259cb4f889eaeb3.skydrive.live.com/self.aspx/GIS%20Training%20Vedio/Cr
eate%20Shap%20File.wmv
4- Digitizing:
______________________________________________________________
.

______________________________________________________________
http://cid0259cb4f889eaeb3.skydrive.live.com/self.aspx/GIS%20Training%20Vedio/dig
itizing.exe
5- Map Properties:
http://cid0259cb4f889eaeb3.skydrive.live.com/self.aspx/GIS%20Training%20Vedio/Ma
p%20Properties.wmv
6- Select by location:
http://cid0259cb4f889eaeb3.skydrive.live.com/self.aspx/GIS%20Training%20Vedio/sel
ect%20by%20location.avi
7- Digitizing Lines:
http://cid0259cb4f889eaeb3.skydrive.live.com/self.aspx/GIS%20Training%20Vedio/Di
gitizing%20Lines.exe
8- Convert ARC GIS files to AutoCAD (4 parts):
http://cid0259cb4f889eaeb3.skydrive.live.com/self.aspx/GIS%20Training%20Vedio/dxf
%7C_convert.part1.rar
9- Rectify a photo (4 parts):
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ctify.part1.rar
ctify.part2.rar
ctify.part3.rar
______________________________________________________________
.

______________________________________________________________
ctify.part4.rar
10- ArcGIS Attribute Tables (6 parts)
http://cid0259cb4f889eaeb3.skydrive.live.com/self.aspx/GIS%20Training%20Vedio/tap
le.part1.rar
le.part2.rar
le.part3.rar
le.part4.rar
le.part5.rar
le.part6.rar
:Arc GIS
http://cid0259cb4f889eaeb3.skydrive.live.com/self.aspx/GIS%20Training%20Vedio/So
bhy%20and%20Mokhtar%20GIS.rar
:
https://skydrive.live.com/?cid=0259cb4f889eaeb3&id=259CB4F889EAEB3%2
1232
:Arc GIS
http://cid0259cb4f889eaeb3.skydrive.live.com/self.aspx/GIS%20Training%20Vedio/Ar
c%20GIS%20Vedio.rar
:Arc GIS
http://cid0259cb4f889eaeb3.skydrive.live.com/self.aspx/GIS%20Training%20Vedio/To
pology%20Vedio.rar
: DEM
:
______________________________________________________________
.

______________________________________________________________
http://cid0259cb4f889eaeb3.skydrive.live.com/self.aspx/GIS%20Training%20Vedio/Gri
ds%20by%20DEM%20Ali_Tolba.pdf
Arc GIS
:
http://cid0259cb4f889eaeb3.skydrive.live.com/browse.aspx/GIS%20Training%20Vedio
/Hesham_Azam_Vedio
:
http://cid0259cb4f889eaeb3.skydrive.live.com/self.aspx/GIS%20Training%20Ved
io/GIS%20Symbology.pps
:Arc Map
c%20GIS%20Vedio.rar
.Arc MAP
http://www.arabgeographers.net/vb/attachment.php?attachmentid=695&d=12
29513243
:
http://cid0259cb4f889eaeb3.skydrive.live.com/self.aspx/GIS%20Training%20Vedio/Co
ntour%20in%20Arc%20Map.rar
Arc GIS /
. :
http://www.mediafire.com/?sharekey=21482db1d5f1917b08d8a638a7d1bbf79
37010e28de60051b99f3f1679ee9294
!! ) 7Z
http://www.7-zip.org : (.
:
http://cid0259cb4f889eaeb3.skydrive.live.com/browse.aspx/GIS%20Training%20Vedio
/Hesham_Azam_Vedio
/ Arc Catalogue
Arc GIS .
:
http://www.gisclub.net/vb/showthread.php?t=5692
:
:
:
______________________________________________________________
.

______________________________________________________________
c%20Cataloge.wmv
:
c%20Cataloge.rar
/ ) ( Global Mapper
Google Earth :
http://cid0259cb4f889eaeb3.office.live.com/self.aspx/GIS%20Training%20Vedio/Conto
ur%20GE%20and%20GMapper.wmv
/ )
( . :
shared.com/ dir/22301504/6a4215fc/sharing.html
:
http://cid0259cb4f889eaeb3.office.live.com/browse.aspx/GIS%20Training%20Vedio/A
CAD2010%5E_Vedio
day1-3 .etc day1-1, day 1-2
. wmv
Window Media Player avi
VLC
Player
:
http://cid0259cb4f889eaeb3.office.live.com/self.aspx/GIS%20Training%20Vedio/ACA
D2010%5E_Vedio/VLC%20Player%201.1%20for%20AVI%5E_Vedio.exe
camst Camstica Player
) ( :
http://cid0259cb4f889eaeb3.office.live.com/self.aspx/GIS%20Training%20Vedio/ACA
D2010%5E_Vedio/camtasia.msi
day6-3 and day6-4
.
Arc GIS ESRI

) ( .
) !(
WinRar
.
:
______________________________________________________________
.

______________________________________________________________
http://cid0259cb4f889eaeb3.skydrive.live.com/self.aspx/GIS%20Training%20Vedio/AG
160Vedio/AG%20Videos.part01.rar
) (
: ( )
160Vedio/GISMAT%20DATA.rar
:( )
:( -)
Albert, D., Gesler, W., and Levergood, B. (2000) Spatial analysis, GIS, and
remote sensing applications in the health sciences, Taylor & Francis,
London, UK.
______________________________________________________________
.

______________________________________________________________
Fotheringham, S. and Rogerson, P. (2005) Spatial analysis and GIS, Taylor &
Francis, London, UK.
Maidment, D. (2002) Arc Hydro: GIS for water resources, ESRI Press,
California, USA.
Paez, A., Gallo, J., Buliung, R., and Dall'erba, S. (2009) Progress in spatial
analysis, Springer, Berlin, Germany.
Rogerson, P. (2001) Statistical methods for geography, SAGE publications,
London, UK.
Stillwell, J. and Clarke, G. (2004) Applied GIS and spatial analysis, Wiely,
New York, USA.
Wong, D. (2001) Statistical analysis with Arc View GIS, Wiely, New York,
USA.
:( -)
Functional data analysis:
http://cid0259cb4f889eaeb3.skydrive.live.com/self.aspx/Books%7C_En/Functional%20
Data%20Analysis.rar
Intelligent positioning: GIS-GPS unification:
http://cid0259cb4f889eaeb3.skydrive.live.com/self.aspx/Books%7C_En/GPS%7C_GIS
%20Unification.pdf
A primer of GIS Fundamental geographic and cartographic concepts:
http://cid0259cb4f889eaeb3.skydrive.live.com/self.aspx/Books%7C_En/A%20Primer%
20of%20GIS.rar
GIS data sources:
http://cid0259cb4f889eaeb3.skydrive.live.com/self.aspx/Books%7C_En/GIS%20Data
%20Sources.pdf
Innovations in GIS:
http://cid0259cb4f889eaeb3.skydrive.live.com/self.aspx/Books%7C_En/Inovvations%2
0in%20GIS.rar
Practical GIS analysis:
http://cid0259cb4f889eaeb3.skydrive.live.com/self.aspx/Books%7C_En/Practical%20G
IS%20Analysis.rar
Spatial analysis and GIS:
http://cid0259cb4f889eaeb3.skydrive.live.com/self.aspx/Books%7C_En/Spatial%20An
alysis%20and%20GIS.rar
Stat analysis, GIS, and RS applications in the health sciences:
______________________________________________________________
.

______________________________________________________________
http://cid0259cb4f889eaeb3.skydrive.live.com/self.aspx/Books%7C_En/Stat%7C_Anal
ysis%20GIS%20and%20RS.rar
Uncertainty in RS and GIS:
http://cid0259cb4f889eaeb3.skydrive.live.com/self.aspx/Books%7C_En/Uncertainty%2
0in%20RS%20and%20GIS.pdf
Uncertainty in geographic information:
http://cid0259cb4f889eaeb3.skydrive.live.com/self.aspx/Books%7C_En/Uncertanity%2
0in%20Geo%7C_Information.pdf
UN (United Nations) Handbook on Geographic Information Systems and
Digital Mapping:
http://unstats.un.org/unsd/publication/SeriesF/SeriesF_79E.pdf
______________________________________________________________
.

) ( .

.
.

. .
.
.
Who is Who
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.

.
. .
.
. .
______________________________________________________________

كتاب التحليل المكاني في نظم المعلومات الجغرافية للبروفيسور داود جمعة

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كتاب التحليل المكاني في نظم المعلومات الجغرافية للبروفيسور داود جمعة

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) Geographic Information Systems

Pearson's coefficient for

- Correlation and Regression

= ] ) ) ( ) ' '( [ ] / ) ( '[

-- Average Nearest Neighbor

- Linear Directional Mean

c e radius of curvature first

: Sinusoidal Equal-Area Projection

Lambert Azimuthal Equal-Area

False Northing = 110 000 m

False Easting = 700 000 m

"Latitude = 30o 0' 0

False Easting = 300 000 m

"Longitude = 25o 30' 0

Egypt Blue Belt .prj

Name Area_1 Type

Input Feature Class

Name Length_Km : Type

Start Editing Editor

" " Advanced

: Extract Values to Points

Arc GIS Export to CAD

dataset name with extension

- Average Nearest Neighbor

Input Feature Class

Input Feature Class )

TIN Output TIN Thour_TIN

Input TIN TIN Input

TIN Input TIN raster

Input Raster ) DEM

Input Raster ) DEM

Slope Output Measurement

Input Raster ) DEM

Input Raster ) DEM

OK raster Not :Symbology

:Cut and Fill

input Features Makkah_districts_Polygons

input Features New_bound_Polygon_utm

Makkah_schools_utm Target Features

input Features Makkah_districts_Polygons

input Features Makkah_districts_Polygons

Fill DEM input surface raster

Flow Direction input surface raster

Flow Accumulation input flow direction

expression value > 500 :

expression value > 1000 :

Input flow direction raster Flow_Direct

input raster ) watershed_1 (

Input flow direction raster Flow_Direct

Extent Same as Layer

input raster elevation

input raster slopes

Method Equal Intervals

Water Wet Lands

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