. .

2555


.

2553 2554 2
90 (180 28%)
2 30 1 2 60
0.15
2555 7 100 1
1 . 0.093
2

- (

)

- Contractile Vacuole ()
- Cell Membrane ABO
Carbohydrate Membrane 2
Glycoprotein Glycolipid
- 2 (Chloroplast, Mitochondria)
- Chloroplast Bacteria (
70s ribosome mesosome Prokaryote)
-

- () (Flagellum, Microtubule)

- (
Amylase Maltose Monosaccharide Enzyme
)

- 10 ATP (20)
- Glycolysis ( PGA 2 2 ATP)

- (
Prokaryote Eukaryote)
- 54 1
- Chordate Mammal Aves Amphibian Reptile

- Lactose ( Lactase)
- (
)
- ( I:C:P:M Incisor () : Canine ():
Premolar () : Molar () 2:1:2:3 )

- (
)
- (
non specific defense immune)
- (
)
- Neutrophil
- ( Antibody )

2
- (3) (A B Metabolism)
A- ACTH

B- Cortisol

C- Aldosterone

1. A,B

2. B,C

3. C,D

D- Vasopressin
4. A,B,C

5. B,C,D

- (4) (Distal tubule Collecting duct)

1. ,

2. ,,

3. ,

4. ,

5. ,,

- ( )

- (2)
A. Na+ Channel
B.
C.
1. A

2. A B

3. B C

4. A C

5. A B C

( C )

-
. (1)
1. A B

2. B C

3. A C

4. A D

5. A B D
( A-D
)
- -
(3)
1. V W X
3. V W X Z

2. X Y Z
4. U X Y Z

5. V W Y Z
( (V) (W)
(X) (Z) ) : sympathetic

- () (HCG, Estrogen, Progesterone)

- ( Estrogen )
- T4 ( Thyroid Hormone)
- Glycogen (4)
A
C -
1. A-B-C-D
2. A-D-C-B
5. D-A-C-B

B
D
3. C-B-A-D
4. B-C-A-D

- 1 ( 5 ,,,,)

-
-
- Blastocyst 7 3
Gastrulation

- O2 ()
( ) O2 O2
Transpiration
Guttation
- ( Epidermis
Cuticle )
- (

Sap Vacuole)
-
- (Abscisic Acid Gibberellin)
- Auxin
( )
-

- Linkage Gene Genotype DdBb x ddbb

( 2
)
- ( 23
XX XY X
X 5 13 18 21 )

- Pedigree 5 G-6-PD X-linked Recessive (

)
- PCR ( DNA Replication
RNA primer DNA primer)
- A C G %
( ChaGraff DNA
RNA H-bond )

- 3
-

- ( Proto-cooperation
2
)
- (
)
- (
)
- ( )

. . .
Self