Nhan sam Tam that, Kim bat hoan

Re cu a che bien cua cay TAM THAT

TAM THAT

Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F.H. Chen;

Ho Ngu Gia B (Araliaceae)
Trc y Tam tht c xc nh l Panax pseudoginseng, nhng sau c ngh l P. notoginseng [Nguyn Minh c, Nguyn Thi Nhm v on T Tuyt Trinh, Tp ch Dc liu, Tp 4, s 3, trang 68 (1999).]

I- AC IEM THC VAT

- Cay, la tng t Nhan sam, nhng la kep co 57 la chet. - Gan la chnh co gai, hoa xanh nhat. - Cum hoa: tan n - Qua mong hnh cau, chn o, hat hnh cau, - Cu u nan + soc doc.
Nguon goc, trong trot : nguon goc Van nam , Trung quoc. Trc ay co trong mot so tnh bien gii pha Bac nh Lao cai, Cao bang, Ha giang nhng hien nay viec trong trot khong phat trien.

I- AC IEM THC VAT

Panax notoginseng
(Burk.) F.H. Chen; Ho Ngu Gia B (Araliaceae)

Tam that

I- AC IEM THC VAT

Re cu Tam that

(Burk.) F.H. Chen; Ho Ngu Gia B (Araliaceae)

Panax notoginseng

Tam that

II- BO PHAN DUNG VA CHE BIEN

Re cu a phi say kho hoac che bien cua cay tam that, Che bien: La cu rieng, re con rieng. Phi nang heo cu roi lan, vo, lam nhieu lan cho en khi cu chac lai, phi kho roi xoc vi sap, trong bao cho vo ngoai bong ep. Khi dung th hap mem, thai phien, co the tan bot e dung dan di dang tra, dang ru thuoc hoac nau chung vi ga Phan khong tao phien c th say kho, xay bot. Dc lieu sau khi che bien co hnh dang thay oi, hnh con quay (con vu) hay hnh cu ca rot dai 2-6 cm. Mat ngoai nau xam hoac vang xam, co nhieu vet seo con laicua re nhanh. The chat cng chac, v luc au hi ang, sau hi ngot.

III- THANH PHAN HOA HOC

Saponin: ch gom nhom dammaran. Re cu chu yeu la cac saponin dammaran co cau tao: - 20(S)-Protopanaxadiol: chu yeu G-Rb1 (1,8 %), GRb2, G-Rd, N-R4, N-Fa, Gypenosid-XVII . . . - 20(S)-Protopanaxatriol: chu yeu G-Rg1 (1,9 %), GRe, G-Rg2, G-Rh1, N-R1, N-R2, N-R3, N-R6 . . .

N= notoginsenosid
Cac bo phan khac cua cay nh re con, la hoa eu co cha saponin dammaran

IV. KIEM NGHIEM

1. Soi vi phau va soi bot

Vi phu
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Bn M mm v ng tit trong vng m mm v ng tit trn b libe Tia ty Libe Tng pht sinh libe-g Mch g M mm ty

IV. KIEM NGHIEM

1. Soi vi phau va soi bot
1. 2. 3. 4. Mnh bn & m mm M mm v cha tinh bt Mnh mch Tinh bt
1

Bt

IV KIEM NGHIEM

2. Phn ng mu - Phan ng Liebermann Burchardt: can dch chiet MeOH/Ac2O + H2SO4 vang o tm xanh luc. - Dch chiet MeOH/UV 365 nm huynh quang xanh nhat (+ acid boric/aceton + acid citric) huynh quang vang luc di UV 365 nm. 3. SKLM + Chat hap phu: silica gel F 254 + Dch cham: can saponin/EtOH, dungmoi CHCl3:MeOH:H2O (65:35:10, lp di), + Phat hien bang UV 254, H2SO4 20%/con 50%. + So sanh vi G-Rb1 va G-Rg1 chuan . 4. HPLC

V. TAC DUNG VA CONG DUNG

- Theo ong y, tam that la thuoc tr huyet, co dung cam mau, giam viem, giam au. - Dung cha: ho ra mau, non ra mau, chay mau cam, ai tien ra mau, t cung xuat huyet, chan thng. - La v thuoc bo nh nhan sam, ac biet tot cho phu n sau khi sinh n (ham ga . . .). - Phu n co thai khong nen dung. - Lieu: 6-12 g/ngay.

Sam Ngoc Linh, Sam K5, Sam ot truc, Cu Ngai rm con

Than re va re cu a che bien cua cay Sam Viet nam
(Rhizoma et Radix Panacis vietnamensis)

SAM VIET NAM

Panax vietnamensis Ha et Grushv.;

Ho Ngu Gia B (Araliaceae)

I- VAI DONG LCH S

Sam Viet nam, con goi Sam Ngoc linh, Sam K5, la loai Panax moc hoang da, c phat hien tai nh Ngoc Linh thuoc tnh Gia lai-Kon tum vao nam 1973. ay la loai Panax au tien c tm thay trong vung thuoc kh hau nhiet i va gan xch ao nhat. Theo ieu tra, ay la cay thuoc dau cua dan toc ngi Se-ang song tren day Trng sn, dung e tang lc va cha nhieu benh tat.

I- VAI DONG LCH S

(Panax vietnamesis Ha et Grushv. Araliaceae)

Sam Viet nam

I- VAI DONG LCH S

Nhieu cong trnh nghien cu a e ngh cac ten khoa hoc khac nhau, nhng sau cung Sam VN c xac nhan va cong bo la mot loai Panax mi cua the gii vi ten la: Panax vietnamensis Ha et Grushv. Ho Ngu gia b (Araliaceace)

II- AC IEM THC VAT

- Cay, la, hoa tng t cac cay thuoc chi Panax. -iem khac biet so vi Nhan sam: + Qua co om en. + a so (85%) ch co 1 hat (Nhan sam: 2 hat), ch co mot t qua 2 hoac oi khi 3 hat. + Bo phan di mat at cua cay sam moc hoang gom mot than re rat phat trien, gom nhieu ot nen c goi la Sam ot truc, va tan cung bang mot re cu nho. Tuy nhien, cay Sam VN trong co khuynh hng cho bo phan di at la cac re cu, thanh tng chum.

II- AC IEM THC VAT

Vung nui Tra Linh, nh Ngoc Linh, tnh Quang Nam ni co vung trong Sam VN t nhien

II- AC IEM THC VAT

Cay Sam Viet nam trong di tan rng t nhien

II- AC IEM THC VAT

Tan qua Sam Viet nam

II- AC IEM THC VAT

Qua ac trng cua Sam Viet nam vi cham en au va a so (85%) ch co 1 hat.

II- AC IEM THC VAT

Bo phan di mat at cua Sam Viet nam

II- AC IEM THC VAT

Cay Sam Viet nam trong

II- AC IEM THC VAT

Bo phan di at Sam Viet nam trong 2-6 tuoi

III. THANH PHAN HOA HOC

1. Re va than re cha ham lng saponin rat cao (15-20%) chu yeu thuoc nhom dammaran, ch rat t saponin nhom olean

T bo phan di mat at cua Sam VN, Nguyen Minh c va CS. a chiet xuat phan lap va xac nh hn 50 saponin, trong o co 24 saponin dammaran mi at ten vina-ginsenosid-R1-24.

1. N. M. Duc et al.,Chem. Pharm. Bull., 41, 2010 (1993); 2. N. M. Duc et al., Chem. Pharm. Bull., 42, 115 (1994); 3. N. M. Duc et al., Chem. Pharm Bull., 42, 634 (1994); 4. N. M. Duc et al., Saponins Used in Modern and Traditional Medicine, Plenum Press, NewYork and London, pp. 129 -149 (1996).

III. THANH PHAN HOA HOC

1) Re va than re: Cac saponin a biet gom: - Nhom protopanaxadiol: G-Rb1 (2.0%),G-Rb2, G-Rb3 (0.1%), G-Rd (0.89%), pseudo-G-Rc1, gypenosid-IX, gypenosidXVII,quinquenosid-R1, noto-ginsenosid-Fa, va majorosid-F1. - Nhom protopanaxatriol: G-Re (0.17%), 20-gluco-G-Rf, G-Rg1 (1.37%), GRh1, 20(R)-G-Rh1, pseudo-G-Rs1, notoginsenosidR1; (0,36%), va notoginsenosid-R6.

III- THANH PHAN HOA HOC

- Cac Ocotillol saponin: pseudo-G-RT4, 24(S)pseudo-G-F11, majonosid-R1 (0.14%), va majonosid-R2 (5.3%), saponin chu yeu cua Sam VN.
OH

Majonosid-R2

O OH

HO O-Glc2-Xyl

- Saponin co aglycon la acid oleanolic: G-Ro and hemslosid-Ma3.

III- THANH PHAN HOA HOC

Cac saponin mi

Nhom ocotillol

OH R2
V-R1

R1 -Glc2-Rha 6 Ac -Glc2-Xyl 6 Ac -Glc2-Xyl 6 aGlc

R2 -CH3 -CH3

O OH
V-R2 V-R5 V-R6

-Glc2-Xyl4-aGlc -CH3 -CH3 -CH2OH

HO O-R1

V-R14 -Glc2-Xyl

III- THANH PHAN HOA HOC

Cac saponin mi

Nhom ppd va ppt

R3-O OH

R1-O R2 R1 V-R4 V-R7 V-R16 V-R17 -Glc2-Glc -Glc2-Glc2-Xyl -Glc2-Xyl -Glc2-Glc R2 -OH -H -H -H -H R3 -Glc -Glc -Glc -Ara -Xyl

V-R18 -Glc2-Glc

III- THANH PHAN HOA HOC

(A) Glc-O (B) Glc-O (C) Glc-O (D) Glc-O HO (E) Glc-O OH

Cac saponin mi
OH

Nhom mach nhanh bien oi

R1 V-R8 V-R15 V-R19 V-R9 V-R12 -Glc2-Glc -H -Glc2-Glc -Glc2-Glc -H R2 -OH -O-Glc -H -H -O-Glc R3 (A) (A) (B) (C) (D)

HO HO

O2H

OH OH R3

V-R13
VR-21 24S VR-22 24R

-Glc2-Glc
-H -H

-H
-O-Glc -O-Glc

(E)
(E) (E)

R1-O R2

II- THANH PHAN HOA HOC

OH

Glc-O

HO

Glc2-Glc-O V-R3

HO

OR
R V-R10 V-R11 -Glc -Glc2-Xyl

III- THANH PHAN HOA HOC

Glc-O HO O

Glc-O HO

Glc2-Glc-O V-R20

Glc2-Glc-O Glc-O HO CH2OH Glc2-Glc-O V-R24

OH V-R23

III- THANH PHAN HOA HOC

2. T la, Vo Duy Huan, Nguyen Minh c va CS a chiet xuat, phan lap va xac nh cau truc cua 19 saponin, trong o co 8 saponin dammaran mi c at ten la vina-ginsenosid-L1-L8.

Cac saponin a biet: Nhom protopanaxadiol: G-Rb2, G-Rb3, G-Rd, G-F2, notoginsenosid-Fe, notoginsenosid-Fc, gypenosid-IX. Nhom protopanaxatriol: G-Re, G-Rg1, pseudo-G-Rs1. Cac saponin occotilol: 24 (S)- pseudo-G-F11, VG-R1.
Vo Duy Huan, Nguyen Minh Duc, R. Kasai and K. Yamasaki, Proceeding of the Third Indochina Conference on Pharmaceutical Sciences, 20-23 May, 2003, Bangkok, Thailand, pp. OP65-OP75.

III- THANH PHAN HOA HOC

Saponin dammaran mi trong la
R2-O OH

R1-O R1 20(S)PPD V-R7 -Glc2-Glc -Glc2-Glc2-Xyl R2 -OH -Glc

V-L1
V-L2

-Glc2-Glc2-Xyl
-Glc2-Glc2-Xyl

-H
-Glc6-Ara(f)

III- THANH PHAN HOA HOC

Saponin dammaran mi trong la
R2-O OH

OH

R1-O R1 V-L3 V-L4 -Glc2-Glc R2 -Glc6-Xyl

-Glc2-Glc2-Xyl -Glc6-Xyl

V-L8

-Glc2-Glc

-Glc

III- THANH PHAN HOA HOC

Saponin dammaran mi trong la
R2-O OH

OH

R1-O R1 V-L3 V-L4 -Glc2-Glc R2 -Glc6-Xyl

-Glc2-Glc2-Xyl -Glc6-Xyl

V-L8

-Glc2-Glc

-Glc

III- THANH PHAN HOA HOC

Saponin dammaran mi trong la
R2-O OH

HO

R1-O

R1
V-L5 V-L6 V-L7 -Glc -Glc -Glc2-Glc

R2
-Glc -Ara(f) -Glc6-Xyl -Glc6-Xyl

III. THANH PHAN HOA HOC

Saponin dammaran mi trong la
OH
24(S)

HO

HO
OR R 20(S),25 epoxydammaran -3b,6a,12b, 24(S) tetrol V-L8 -H -Glc2-Rha

III. THANH PHAN HOA HOC

Cc thnh phn khc: - Tinh du: 0.05 - 0.01% trong thn r ti. - Glucid: 6.19 % (dng t do) v 26.77% (sau khi thy phn) - Acid bo: acid palmitic, acid stearic, acid oleic, acid linoleic, acid linolenic ... Trong hm lng acid linoleic v linolenic chim n 43%. - Amino acid: 17 amino acid gm nhiu amino acid thit yu nh Tryp, Lys, His, Arg, Threo, Ser, Pro, Gly, Ala, Val , Leu, Isoleu - Nguyn t vi lng: Fe, Sr, Ti, B, Rb, Mn, Zn, Br, Ni, Cu, Co, Cr, Se

III. THANH PHAN HOA HOC

Trn Cng Lun v CS (1990) phn lp v xc nh 7 hp cht polyacetylen, trong c 2 hp cht mi l Pv2 and Pv7.
H CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH CH 2 CH CH CHOH CHOH (C 2 (C
2

H C OA c CH CH 2 (CH 2)5 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 (P1v ) (P ) v 2 (P ) v 3 (P ) v 4

C) CH 2 H C) C H H

C C

(falcarinol)

)5 2(CH )5 2(CH

CHOH CH

(C

C) C

CH

(C 2 C) CH

H OH CH CH

CH 2)(CH n 3

R2 R1 R1: OH orOA c; R 2: OH orOA c; n = 6 (?) H OH CH2 CH2 CH CH CHOH CHOH (C (C

2

C) C H C) C H H H

C C

CH OH CH OH

)5 2(CH )5 2(CH

CH 3 CH 3

(P ) v 5 (P ) v 6

CH2

CH

CHOH

(C

C) C H

CH

)4 2(CH

CH 3

(P ) v 7

III. KIEM NGHIEM

1. Soi vi phau va soi bot.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Bn ng tit vng m mm v Tia ty B libe Tng pht sinh libe-g Mch g ng tit vng ty M mm ty.

III. KIEM NGHIEM

1. Soi vi phau va soi bot.
1. Mnh nha mu nu 2. Mnh mch 3. M mm cha tinh th Ca oxalat 4. ng tit 5. Mnh m mm mang mnh nha 6. Tinh bt

2. Cc phn ng - Phan ng Liebermann Burchardt: can dch chiet MeOH/Ac2O + H2SO4 vang o tm xanh luc. - DVN IV: + Phn ng to bt. + Cn MeOH + dd SbCl3 Hunh quang xanh 365 nm 3. SKLM + Chat hap phu: silica gel F 254 + Dch cham: can saponin/EtOH, + H dung moi: CHCl3:MeOH:H2O (65:35:10, lp di), 1 2 3 4 5 6 + Phat hien: H2SO4 20%/con 50%. 1.Cao MeOH TP 4. G-Rd 2. Saponin TP 5. G-Rg + So vi MR2, G-Rb1 va G-Rg1 3. G-Rb 6. M-R2
1 1

III. KIEM NGHIEM

III KIEM NGHIEM

4. HPLC

Sac o HPLC Sam VN trc (tren cung) va sau khi che bien (hap 2, 4, 6, 8h)

IV- TAC DUNG VA CONG DUNG

Tac ong dc ly

Cao Sam Viet nam Tang lc, chong met moi, kch thch TKTW, tang trong lng c quan sinh duc thu th nghiem, tang hong cau, hemoglobin va hematocrit, ha ng huyet, cai thien s co bop cua tim, tac dung adaptogen, khang khuan va long m
Majonoside-R2

Chong stress (N.T.T.Huong va CS; 1996,1997, 1998). Chong khoi u (Konoshima va CS; 1998, 1999).

IV- TAC DUNG VA CONG DUNG

Cong dung: nh Nhan sam. Ngoai ra, co tac dung khang sinh nen c dung bao che cac che pham tr viem hong. Hien nay gia Sam Viet nam at gap nhieu lan Nhan sam va cac cay tng can (> 300 trieu ong/kg Sm VN kh, 2012). Cay thuoc quy a vao sach o can co bien phap bao ve va ay manh trong trot.

NGU GIA B CHAN CHIM

Sam Nam, Cay ang Vo than va vo re cay Ngu gia b chan chim (Cortex Schefflerae octophyllae)

Schefflera octophylla (Lour.) Harms.

Ho Ngu Gia B (Araliaceae)
DVN III ghi loai Schefflera heptaphylla (L.) Frodin

I- AC IEM THC VAT

Schefflera octophylla (Lour.)
Harms. -Araliaceae)

Ngu gia b chan chim

Cay xanh quanh nam moc o cao 800 1.000 m. Cay cao en 10m. La kep chan vt gom chu yeu 8 la chet. Hoa: tan Qua hnh cau

I- AC IEM THC VAT

Tan hoa va qua

Schefflera octophylla (Lour.)

Harms. -Araliaceae)

Ngu gia b chan chim

II. BO PHAN DUNG

Vo than va vo re phi say kho. La cung c dung

III. THANH PHAN HOA HOC

1. Vo than - Tinh dau. - Saponin triterpen 5 vong, thuoc 2 nhom olean va ursan. Maeda, Ohtani, Kasai, Nguyen Minh c, Yamasaki va CS. (1993) a chiet xuat, phan lap va xac nh 12 saponin triterpen trong o co 9 saponin cau truc mi. 12 saponin triterpen nay tao thanh 6 cap ong phan saponin olean va ursan. (Maeda et al, Phytochemistry, 37, 1137 (1994)

III- THANH PHAN HOA HOC Saponin nhom olean

R1 R2 R4 R3

6-Glc 4-Rha COO-Glc

Scheffoleosid A-F
R1
A B C D E F OH OH OH H H OH

R2

R3

R4
CH3 CH3 CH3 Caudosid CH3 CH3 CH2OH

b-OH CH2OH b-OH CHO b-O-Ara CH2OH a-OH COOH b-O-GlcA2-Gal2-Glc CH2OH b-OH CH3

III- THANH PHAN HOA HOC Saponin nhom ursan

R1 R2 R4

6-Glc 4-Rha COO-Glc

Scheffursosid A-F
R3 R4 CH3 Asiaticosid CH3 CH3 CH3 chat a biet CH3 CH2OH

R3

R1 A B C D E F OH OH OH H H OH

R2

b-OH CH2OH b-OH CHO b-O-Ara CH2OH a-OH COOH b-O-GlcA2-Gal2-Glc CH2OH b-OH CH3

III- THANH PHAN HOA HOC

Saponin nhom olean & ursan 6 cap ong phan

R1 R2 R4 R3

C=O O

R1 R2 R4 R3

C=O O

Glc Glc 4 Rha

Glc 4 Glc Rha

Scheffursosid A-F
R1 A B C D E F OH OH OH H H OH R2 b-OH b-OH b-O-Ara a-OH b-O-GlcA2-Gal2-Glc b-OH

Scheffoleosid A-F
R3 CH2OH CHO CH2OH COOH CH2OH CH3 R4 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH2OH A B C D E F

III- THANH PHAN HOA HOC

2) La T la Ngu gia b chan chim, Tran van Sung va CS. a phan lap va xac nh cac saponin triterpen nhom lupan.
R1 A -H R2 -COOH R3 -H R4 -COOH

B C
D E F G

-H -H
-H -HSO3 -Glc -6AcGlc

-Glc6-Glc4-Rha -Glc6-Glc4-Rha
-Glc6-Glc4-Rha -Glc6-Glc4-Rha -Glc6-Glc4-Rha -Glc6-Glc4-Rha

-H -OH
-H -H -H -H

-COOH -COOH
-CH3 -CH3 -CH3 -CH3

IV. KIEM NGHIEM

1) Soi vi phau va soi bot: - Manh ban va manh te bao mo mem - Nhieu te bao mo cng hnh ch nhat hoac hnh nhieu canh, mang day, ong trao oi ro. - Tinh the calci oxalat hnh hop, hnh lap phng. - Hat tinh bot (4-16 mm) 2) nh tnh (DVN III) - Phan ng Fehling tua o gach. - Phan ng Liebermann-Burchardt: vongo nau. - Phan ng tao bot. - Bot dc lieu + dd ong acetat 10% mau luc sau 4 gi. - SKLM: Silicagel G; He dung moi: n-BuOH-EtOHNH4OH (7:2:5); phat hien: TT vanilin sulfuric cac vet saponin mau tm o.

V. TAC DUNG VA CONG DUNG

Y hoc co truyen dung lam thuoc thong tieu, cha phu thung, phong thap. Ngoai ra con co cong dung: - Bo, tang lc, chong met moi. - Tr tieu hoa. - Chong viem, tr au nhc, thap khp. Lieu 12-20 g/ngay

Xuyen Ty giai, Phan Ty giai, Tat gia

TY GIAI

Than re cua cay Ty giai Ho Cu nau (Dioscoreaceae)

Dioscorea tokoro Makino

I- AC IEM THC VAT

- Cay leo bang than quan. - Re phnh thanh cu. - La moc so le, hnh tim, gan hnh chan vt, cuong dai. - Cum hoa: bong. Hoa nho, mau xanh, n tnh khac goc. - Qua nang co canh. Cay moc cac tnh Trung quoc giap bien gii mien Bac nc ta. Nhieu loai Dioscorea khac cung co cha diosgenin va cung c dung.

T gii (Dioscorea tokoro Makino)

Cy c

T gii (Dioscorea tokoro Makino)

Cy ci

II- BO PHAN DUNG

Than re Ty giai phi say kho.

III- THANH PHAN HOA HOC

Cha saponin steroid. Sapogenin toan phan 11,5%, quan trong nhat la diosgenin.
O CH3 O

HO

Diosgenin yonogenin, tokorogenin,

Ngoai ra, con kogagenin

co

IV- KIEM NGHIEM

- Phan ng tao bot. - Phan ng pha huyet. - Sac ky giay: Dmoi: toluen-acid acetic (50:30). Hien mau bang TT Sannie - SKLM: Silica gel G; Dmoi: CHCl 3-Aceton-Acid acetic (80:20:10); Hien mau: TT. Sannie - nh lng: + Tien hanh SKLM + H hi iod e phat hien vet diosgenin + Cao vung tng ng vet diosgenin, phan hap phu bang CHCl3 + Tao mau vi TT FeCl3 va H3PO4-H2SO4 (10:1) + o mau 485 nm

V- CONG DUNG
Y hoc co truyen: Ty giai c dung lam thuoc li tieu, cha viem bang quang, viem nieu ao, thap khp, phu. Lieu: 12-18 g/ngay, dang thuoc sac Dung lam nguyen lieu e chiet diosgenin e tong hp thuoc steroid: - Trc khi chiet xuat, xay dc lieu, u vi nc co them chat kch thch sinh trng nh acid gibberellic, acid 3-indol acetic e tang ham lng diosgenin. - Loai tap bang CHCl3. Chiet bang etanol. Thu hoi etanol. - Thuy phan tiep bang HCl 2N (un cach thuy/5h) - Loc tua, ra tua bang NaHCO3. Say Bot kho. - Ket tinh trong cyclohexan nong tinh the.

Cat loi, ot ang, Se vong, Cay chot Than re cua cay Ma do Bup va canh non cung c dung

MA DO

Costus speciosus (Koenig) Smith

Ho Ma do (Costaceae)

I- AC IEM THC VAT

- Cay thao, song lau. - Than re to, nac, moc bo. - La moc so le, hnh trng thuon, co be. -Cum hoa: bong chuy ngon than, la bac mau o, trang mau trang, hong vang. - Qua nang hnh trng hay bau duc.

Cay a am, moc hoang nhieu ni tren nc ta.

II- BO PHAN DUNG

Than re, la non, canh non.

III- THANH PHAN HOA HOC

Than re cha: - Saponin steroid, trong o diosgenin chiem ham lng cao (1,5-2%). Ngoai ra, con co cac furostanol saponin, di tac dung cua enzym (b-glucosidase) se chuyen thanh nhom spirostanol saponin. - Saponin triterpen norcycloartanon (I), cycloartanol, cycloartenon va cycloandenol. - T than re ti a phan lap c curcumin. - Nam 1988, phan lap c bis(2 etyl hexyl) phtalat co tac dung sinh hoc (c che s phat trien cua lua m)

IV- TAC DUNG VA CONG DUNG

- Tac dung chong viem, giam au tren thc nghiem. Hon hp saponin t Ma do co tac dung chong viem ro ret, tng ng b-methason. - Tac dung gay thu teo tuyen c tren chuot th nghiem. Than re Ma do dung cha sot, tieu buot, tieu vang, viem bang quang, viem than, x gan co chng. Lieu 5-10 g/ngay dang thuoc sac. Than re gia ap cha ran can. Ma do co the dung chiet xuat diosgenin. Trc khi thuy phan acid, u dc lieu vi enzym b-glucosidase e chuyen furostanol saponin thanh spirostanol e lam giau diosgenin.

Da ba, Cay Thua Sisal

La cua nhieu loai Agave
Cac loai quan trong nhat:

DA MY

Agave sisalana Perr. va Agave fourcroydes Lem. VN co loai A. americana moc hoang
Ho Thua (Agavaceae)

I- AC IEM THC VAT

- Cay mang hang chuc la moc t goc. - Mep la co gai cng, bong va cong, ngon la tan cung bang 1 gai nhon. - Khi ra hoa truc hoa moc thang t gia vong la mang nhieu hoa ep. Cay phan bo nhieu ni tren the gii Mexico, ong Phi, An o Cay nhap lam canh, nay moc hoang dai nhieu ni. Moc c tren at kho can.

Ho Thua (Agavaceae)

Agave sisalana Perr.

Da M

I- AC IEM THC VAT

Cum hoa

Ho Thua (Agavaceae)

Agave sisalana Perr.

Da M

Si

II- BO PHAN DUNG

La dung e khai thac lay si va chiet hecogenin

III- THANH PHAN HOA HOC

La cha saponin steroid, trong o hecogenin chiem ham lng cao. T loai Thua Viet nam, BM Dc lieu Trng H Dc Ha noi a chiet c hecogenin vi ham lng 0,03% tnh tren la ti.
O
22

O CH3

HO

Hecogenin

IV- CONG DUNG

La c dung san xuat si lam day thng, det bao b. Chiet hecogenin e tong hp thuoc steroid: thng dung dch la d pham sau khi che bien si. Len men dch la, thu lay chat lang ong nh bun giau sapogenin (5-10%). Thuy phan tiep bang acid vo c (HCl, H2SO4). Chiet aglycon bang dung moi hu c (heptan, hexan, CH2Cl2 . . .) nong. Tinh che va ket tinh e thu c hecogenin