Conditionals kondicionali u engleskom jeziku

Postoje etiri tipa uslovnih reenica (kondicionala) u engleskom: zero conditional, first conditional,
second conditional, third conditional, mixed conditional. Kondicionali su sloene reenice koje se
sastoje od dve proste reenice koje vezuje veznik IF koji se u zavisnosti od konteksta prevodi kao
AKO, KAD ili DA.

Zero conditional
If + present simple ( uslovna ili IF reenica) ; present
simple, imperative, can ili must + infinitive (glavna
reenica)
Zero conditional koristimo kada govorimo o injenicama, optim pravilima ili situacijama koje su
uvek istinite, tj. gde postoji logian sled dogaaja. When vrlo esto moe da zameni IF.
If you heat water, it boils. Kada zagrevate vodu, ona kljua.
If you heat snow, it melts. Ako/Kada zagrevate sneg, on se topi.
When/If you eat too many sweets, you get fat. Ako/kada jedete previe slatkia, gojite se.
If you go outside, dont forget to bring your umbrella. Ako izlazi napolje, ne zaboravi
da ponese kiobran.
If you intend to get a scholarship, you must study hard. Ako namerava da dobije
stipendiju, mora naporno uiti.
If you dont have a driving licence, you cant drive a car. Ukoliko nemate vozaku
dozvolu, ne moete voziti automobil.

First conditional prvi kondicional

IF + present simple (uslovna ili IF reenica); will/shall +
infinitive (glavna reenica)
First conditional koristimo kada govorimo o situacijama/radnjama koje e se dogoditi u
budunosti ali koje zavise od ispunjenja nekog uslova u bliskoj budunosti.
If you study hard, you will pass the exams. Ako budete vredno uili, poloiete ispite.
If I pass the exams, I will get a present from my parents. Ako poloim ispite, dobiu
poklon od svojih roditelja.
If I pass my driving test , I will take my girlfriend out to celebrate. Ako poloim
vozaki , proslaviu sa svojom devojkom.
Sarah will be very disappointed if her boyfriend forgets her birthday again. Sara e
biti jako razoarana ako njen deko ponovo zaboravi njen roendan.
If the weather is nice and sunny tomorrow, we will go to the beach. Ako sutra bude
lepo i sunano vreme , ii emo na plau.
If you dont listen to my advice, you will get into trouble. Ukoliko ne bude sluao
moje savete, bie u problemu.

Second conditional drugi kondicional

If + past simple (uslovna ili IF reenica); would ili should +
infinitive (glavna reenica)
Ovde je mogunost ispunjenja uslova mala. Koristimo ga da bi priali o hipotetikim/nemoguim
situacijama.
Id listen to your mothers advice if I were you. Da sam na tvom mestu posluao bih
savet tvoje majke.
She would be happy if he asked her out. Ona bi bila presrena ako bi je on pozvao da
izau.
If she could speak a foreign language, she would find a better job. (She doesnt
speak a foreign language. Thats why she cant/wont be able to find a better job). Da ona govori
neki strani jezik, pronala bi bolji posao.
What would you do if you won the lottery? ta biste uradili ukoliko biste dobili na lotou?
If they paid me a good salary, Id do that job. (They dont pay me a good salary so I dont
want to do that job) Da me dobro plaaju, radio bih taj posao.

If I had time I'd help you. (I dont have time, so I cant help you) Pomogao bih ti da imam
vremena.

Uradite kratak test da proverite kako ste razumeli prvi i drugi

kondicional:

Third conditional trei kondicional

If + past perfect (uslovna ili IF reenica); would have +past
participle (glavna reenica)
Za razliku od prvog i drugog kondicionala koji govore o budunosti, trei kondicional govori o
prolosti. Mi ovde govorimo o uslovu koji se nije ispunio u prolosti i kao rezultat ne postoji
mogunost ispunjenja uslova u budunosti.
If I had won the lottery, I would have bought a house. (butI didnt win the lottery, so
I didnt buy a house) Da sam dobio na lotou, kupio bih kuu. (alinaalost, nisam dobio na lotou
tako da nisam kupio kuu).
If I had seen him, I would have told him that I missed him. (butI didnt see him so I
never told him I missed him) Da sam ga videla, rekla bih mu da mi nedostaje. (alinisam ga
videla tako da mu nisam ni rekla)
If I had had enough money, I would have gone to London. (but I didnt have money
so I didnt go to London) Da sam imala dovoljno novca, otila u London. (ali nisam imala novca
tako da nisam otila u London)
If she had studied harder, she would have passed the exam. (but ... she didn't
study... so she didn't pass the exam) Da je vie uila poloila bi ispit. (ali nije dovoljno
uila tako da nije poloila ispit)