IDENTIFICATIONOFFUNCTIONALGROUP

1.Testforunsaturation
(i)BayersTest
Toalittleoforganiccompdadda
fewdropsofalk.KMnO4soln
2.Testforalcohol
AddasmallpieceofmetallicNatoa
liitleoforganiccompd
3.Testforphenol
Toalittleoforganiccompdaddafew
dropsofneutralFeCl3soln
4.Testforcarboxylicgroup
Toalittleoforganiccompdaddafew
mlofNaHCO3soln

ColourofKMnO4isdischarged
CH2=CH2
CH2OHCH2OH

Presenceofunsaturation.

H2gasisevolved
2C2H5OH+2Na
2C2H5ONa+H2

violetcolouration
6C6H5OH+FeCl3
[(C6H5O)6Fe]3+3Cl+6H+

Presenceofalcoholicgroup.

Briskeffervescencedueto
liberationofCO2.
RCOOH+NaHCO3
RCOONa+CO2+H2O

5.Testforcarbonylgroup
Toalittleoforganiccompdaddafew
Yellowppt.
dropsofBorschesReagentfollowedby
fewdropsofdil.nitricacid.

Presenceofphenolicgroup

Presenceofcarboxylicgroup

Presenceofcarbonylgroup

CONFIRMATORYTESTFORFUNCTIONALGROUPS
1.ForAlcohols
Addaceticacidtothealcohol
followedbyfewdropsof
Con.sulphuricacid,warm,
coolandpourintowaterina
beaker
2.ForPhenols

Pleasantfruitysmell
CH3COOH+C2H5OH

Presenceofalcohol
confirmed.

CH3COOC2H5+H2O

Solutionbecomespink

Takelittleofphthalic
anhydride&equalamt.of
phenol.Addfewdropsofcon.
Sulphuricacidheatandpour
intoNaOHtakeninasmall
beaker.
3.ForCarboxylicGroup
Pleasantfruitysmell

Presenceofphenolicgroup
confirmed.

Presenceofcarboxylicgroupl

Addethanoltothecarboxylic CH3COOH+C2H5OH
acidfollowedbyfewdropsof
CH3COOC2H5+H2O
Con.sulphuricacid,warm,
coolandpourintowaterina
beaker

confirmed

4.ForCarbonylGroup

1.Presenceofaldehyde
confirmed
2.Presenceofketone
confirmed.

1.Silvermirrorisformed

(i)
2.Nosilvermirrorisformed
Totheorganiccompoundadd
Tollensreagentandheatiton
awaterbath
(ii)
1. Brickredppt.
Totheorganiccompoundadd
FehlingssolutionA&fehlings
solnBandheatitonawater
bath
2. Nobrickredppt.

1.Presenceofaldehyde
confirmed
2.Presenceofketone
confirmed

Tollenstest
RCHO+2[Ag(NH3)2]++3OHRCOO+2Ag+4NH3+2H2O

FehlingsTest
RCHO+2Cu2++5OHRCOO+Cu2O+3H2O