Phn bit baking soda v

baking powder v tc hi ca
vic dng nhiu bt n
Baking soda v baking powder l hai ha cht c php dng
lm ph gia thc phm nhng nhiu ngi cha hiu r bn
cht ca hai loi bt ny cng nh c nhng thc mc v tc
hi ca chng cha c gii thch r, VnReview s gip bn c
nhng thng tin y nht.
Bi vit c tham kho thng tin t nhiu ngun trn Internet,
gm: khaitam.wordpress.com,cooksillustrated.com, thevegetariancooki
ngshow, suckhoedoisong.vn, forum.suckhoeconnguoi.com,savourydays
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Baking soda
Baking soda l tn gi hay dng trong ngnh thc phm ca hp cht
sodium bicarbonate (ting Vit gi l natri bicacbonat, natri
hidrocacbonat), c thnh phn ha hc l NaHCO3. y l mt ph gia

thc phm thuc nhm INS500 (gm Natri Carbonat (i), Natri Hydro
Carbonat (ii), Natri sesquicarbonat(iii)) trong INS (International
Numbering System) l h thng nh ch s quc t do y ban Tiu
chun Thc phm quc t Codex xc nh cho mi cht ph gia. Cht
ny theo h thng "s E" ca chu u c gi l E500(ii).
Natri Hidrocacbonat, tc baking soda, l mt cht rn mu trng c
dng tinh th v trng ging nh bt, hi mn v c tnh kim tng t
nh loi soda dng trong ty ra (natri carbonat, tc E500(i), cng thc
ha hc Na2CO3) do nu mun bn cng c th dng baking soda
nh mt cht ty ra. Trong mt bi vit mi y trn bo VietnamNet
vi tiu "Kinh hi nh hng dng nc ty bn cu p tht b"
c nhc n vic s dng baking soda nh l mt cht ty bn cu
nhng c cc u bp nh hng dng p tht b, nhng nhng ai
hiu bit v thuc mui, mui n th s bit baking soda khng phi l
mt cht c nh vy, VnReview s phn tch k hn phn sau.
Baking soda c tm thy trong qung nahcolite nhng ni c hoc
tng c sui khong, loi khong cht ny c to ra t hng ngn
nm trc khi m cc sng h b bay hi mt cch nhanh chng bi
nhit cao. Do c s dng rt rng ri trong thc phm nn n c
nhiu tn gi, bread soda, cooking soda, bicarbonate of soda, trong
ting Vit c bit n nhiu hn vi tn "thuc mui", "mui n".
Trong ngn ng giao tip thng thng, tn ca n c rt ngn
xung cn natri bicarb, bicarb soda, hoc ch n gin l bicarb.

Baking soda c s dng rng ri trong ch bin thc phm v nhiu

ng dng khc, nhng cn chn mua loi tinh khit khi dng vi thc
phm
Khi gp nhit nng hay tc dng vi cht c tnh acid, baking soda
s gii phng ra kh CO2 (carbon dioxide/kh cacbonic), do n
thng c dng trong nu n, to xp cho nhiu loi bnh nh
cookies, muffin, biscuits, quy, thm vo st c chua hay nc chanh
lm gim nng acid, hoc cho vo nc ngm u hay lc nu
s lm gim thi gian ch bin, u mm ngon v hn ch tnh trng
b y hi khi n cc loi ht u, . Baking soda cng rt hiu qu
khi c dng ch bin cc mn tht hm hay gn, c bp ng vt
tng t nh nu u, c c iu l do kh cacbonic khi c gii
phng ngm vo v lm mm cc loi thc phm. Trong y t,
baking soda cn c dng trung ha acid cha au d dy; dng lm
nc xc ming hay s dng trc tip ch ln rng loi b mng
bm v lm trng Ngoi s dng trc tip cho con ngi, soda cn
c dng lau chi dng c nh bp, ty ra cc khu vc cn v sinh
nh tnh nng mi mn, tc dng vi mt s cht (ng cn), rc vo
cc khu vc xung quanh nh chng mt s loi cn trng.
Baking soda dng trong thc phm l loi tinh khit, c th mua hiu
thuc, ni bn nhng dng c lm bnh vi nhng hng uy tn. Khng
nn mua ca hng ha cht s dng trong nu nng v khng an
ton (khng tinh khit, cha nhiu tp cht) v khng r ngun gc.
Do d khai thc nn ha cht ny kh r, khong 25.000 ng cho mt
hp 100g. Nu dng ty ra th c th mua ca hng ha cht vi
gi ch khong 60.000 70.000 ng/kg.
Baking powder
Baking powder (hay gi l bt ni, bt n) c cng dng tng t nh
baking soda, trong thnh phn c khong 1/4 l baking soda, kt hp
vi mt hoc nhiu loi mui acid v mt phn tinh bt ng. Tinh bt
ng c mt trong mi cng thc bt n, n l mt cht tr, c tc dng
lm kh v ti bt n, khng b ng cc; ngn cc cht ny phn ng
vi nhau; ng thi gip cho vic chun ha khi lng ca baking
powder, d dng trong vic cn ong khi lm bnh (do thng dng
vi lng rt nh).
Mt s loi mui acid ( dng bt kh) thng c a vo thnh
phn baking powder gm: Potassium hydrogen tartrate, Aluminium
Potassium Sulfate, Monocalcium phosphate, Sodium acid
pyrophosphate, Sodium aluminum phosphate, Sodium aluminum
sulfate. Cc acid ny c chia thnh 2 loi, loi phn ng nhanh (fastacting) v loi phn ng chm (slow-acting). Trong , loi phn ng
nhanh s nhanh chng tc dng vi baking soda khi c trn trong

hn hp t nhit phng, cn loi phn ng chm s ch pht huy

tc dng nhit cao, t khong 50 C tr ln, nh trong l nng
bnh.
Cc mui acid phn ng chm bao gm Potassium hydrogen tartrate
(c tn gi ph bin hn l cream of tartar) v Monocalcium phosphate
(MCP, cn gi l calcium acid phosphate). Cc mui acid phn ng
nhanh gm Aluminium Potassium Sulfate, Sodium aluminium sulfate,
Sodium aluminum phosphate, Sodium acid pyrophosphate.
Baking powder c cha c hai loi acid phn ng nhanh v phn ng
chm c gi l double acting; loi ch cha mt acid gi l single
acting. Loi baking powder phn ng kp s tc ng ti nguyn liu
theo 2 giai on, mt khi bt cn ngui v mt khi bt c lm nng.
Vi vic gip bnh n thm mt ln na khi trong l, loi bt n ny
s m bo tt hn cht lng ca chic bnh thnh phm, ng thi
gip ngi u bp c thm thi gian khng phi "vi" a bt vo
l nng ngay sau khi nho trn.

Cc thnh phn ca mt loi baking powder

V c acid nn baking powder c th s dng linh hot hn baking
soda. Trong cc cng thc m thnh phn nguyn liu khng c cht
no c cha acid (nh mt ong, mt ma, maple syrup, ng nu,
nc p hoa qu, buttermilk, kem chua, sa chua, cocoa, chocolate...),
th dng baking powder ch khng dng baking soda. Vi cc cng
thc c s dng nhng nguyn liu cha acid, baking soda c s
dng gip trung ha lng acid. Kh CO2 sinh ra t phn ng gia
Bicarb vi cc cht c tnh acid s bc hi v thot khi bt bnh kh

nhanh, nn vi cc loi bnh c s dng baking soda, sau khi trn bt

xong (tc l sau khi baking soda tip xc vi nc, sa..) cn phi c
em nng cng nhanh cng tt, nu khng cc hi kh ny s thot ra
ngoi, dn ti bnh n km hoc khng n c.
Nh vy, baking soda v baking powder khc nhau vic s dng km
vi nguyn liu c acid hay khng c acid, ring baking powder cn c
kh nng gip bnh n cao thm khi s dng mui acid phn ng
chm. Nu s dng baking powder bn cng cn xem mui acid
c trong thnh phn ca bt l loi no, iu chnh khi trn bt
nng bnh.
Baking powder c gi r tng ng baking soda, bn cng nn mua
loi tt, tinh khit ti cc a ch uy tn. Bn cng c th t ch baking
powder vi t l: 1/4 baking soda, 2/4 cream of tartar, 1/4 tinh bt ng.

Do c tinh bt ng, baking powder ging vi bt m hn, khi ha vo

nc s c mu trng c; baking soda dng tinh th mu trng c
mi thm nh, ha tan hon ton trong nc
Baking soda v baking powder c hi khng?
y l cu hi c nhiu ngi thc mc khi s dng hai loi cht gy
n ny, do chng u l nhng "ha cht", tuy nhin, cha c cu tr
li no r rng cho vic ny. C nhiu kin cho rng y l cc cht
v hi, nhng cng c nhng thng tin v tc hi ca chng, ch yu
do cha hiu bit ng v y , nh trong bi bo
ca VietnamNet ni trn.
Mc d c nh gi l kh an ton, s dng cc cht gy n vn c
mt s nguy c nht nh, c bit ng nu ngi bnh ang s dng

mt s loi thuc k n hoc ang trong mt s tnh trng bnh l

nht nh. Cng ging nh mui n, dng va phi s an ton nht.
Tc hi nu c ca baking soda v baking powder nm cc thnh
phn kim loi v acid ca chng, nh natri, kali, nhm, acid citric, acid
tartaric..., nhng thc t y l cc acid yu v v hi, cn cc kim loi
ch c hi khi s dng qu nhiu do chng khng th "bay hi" khi
thc n.
Theo bi vit trn trang thevegetariancookingshow, baking soda c th
gy c ch hp thu ng rut ca pht pho v iu ny c th dn ti
s gia tng mt canxi. Cht ny cng c th lm gim qu trnh xy
ha ca tim v c th, dn ti tnh trng thiu oxy c tim ca mt s
ngi b bnh tim. N cng c th gy ra vim d dy, nht l khi s
dng cc loi baking soda/baking powder khng tinh khit, ln tp
cht. Hm lng natri qu cao trong mu cng gy tng huyt p.
Tng t, lng kali (potassium) trong mu qu cao cng dn ti ri
lon nhp tim. Bn cng khng nn mua cc baking powder c s dng
cc mui acid c nhm (aluminum), s gy c khi dng lu di, ngn
cn s hp thu cc vitamin nhm B.
Trong y t, baking soda (thuc mui) c th c k n iu tr
mt s bnh, nhng n c phn ng vi mt vi loi dc phm lm
gim ng k lng thuc hp thu vo c th, v d nh vin st,
lithium, aspirin, thuc tiu ng, tetracycline, benzodiazepines v
ketoconazole. Nhiu chuyn gia y t khuyn bnh nhn ung thuc
mui v thuc iu tr cch nhau t nht 1 ting.
Nhng ngi b chng nng/ chua (heartburn) hoc vim d dy c
th ung thuc mui gim nh v n gip trung ha trc tip acid
lm gim cn au nhanh, nhng y ch l mt loi thuc cha triu
chng khng cha nguyn nhn bnh nh cc thuc khng sinh. Khi
dng nhiu, thng xuyn th acid b gim mnh, c th phn ng li
bng cch tit acid ra nhiu hn, do lm cho mi trng d dy
cng v sau cng b acid hn, s khng c li. Thm vo , phn ng
trung ha trc tip ny cn to ra kh carbonic lm y hi, kh tiu,
ging nh khi ta ung nhiu nc gii kht c ga (kh carbonic).
Ngi b huyt p cao v ngi b bnh tim mch khng nn dng
baking soda, nhng ngi ang trong ch n king mui cng nn
trnh s dng loi cht ny. V mc d ngi ta tin rng vic s dng
thuc mui khi mang thai khng gy nguy him, ph n nu hay c
hin tng tch nc hoc hay mc chng ph thng nn tham kho
kin bc s trc khi t iu tr bng loi sn phm ny.
Baking soda s ha tan hon ton khi pha vo nc v gii phng kh
CO2, nn khi ung s c cm gic t nh nh ung cc loi nc c ga.

Mt s ngi b nghin ung baking soda, nht l khi pha cht ny vo

nc chanh lm ung. Trong th thao, mt s vn ng vin ung
baking soda nh mt loi thuc tng lc trong cc mn th thao tc
nh l chy. Tuy nhin, vi nhng tc hi nh k trn ca baking soda,
vic lm dng cht ny s c hi v lu di i vi sc khe.
Cc cng thc lm bnh ch s dng baking soda/baking powder vi
mt lng rt nh (ch vi gram) nn bn khng phi lo lng khi s
dng cht ny trong lm bnh. Hn na, trong mt s cng thc c s
dng b, trng th lun c n nht nh khi nh bng trng, bt n
nu thm vo ch h tr mt phn, do bn khng cn phi cho qu
nhiu bt n, v khng phi c cng cho nhiu bt n th bnh cng n
tt. Nu trng cha bng th d bt n c lm bnh phng ln th
khi ngui s vn xp v cu trc bt- trng khng vng, bnh khng
ng c. Nn tun th ng t l cc cht c trong cng thc bnh.
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