M NG TRUYN

(LINE CODING)

GII THIU
CC LOI M NG TRUYN

GII THIU

Tn hiu PCM l chui cc bit 1 v 0.

Vic truyn tn hiu ny (t mt b ghp
knh n b ghp knh cp cp hn, n gi
my viba, hoc n gi my ca thit b
quang) cho d c ly ngn nhng cng c th
nhn chng b sai nu truyn khng ng
dng line coding.
Chuyn t mt dng m ny sang dng m
khc trong thit b truyn PCM code
converter.

GII THIU (tt)

Vic chn m ng truyn phi lu n:

Thnh phn dc.

Tn hiu nh thi ng b my pht v my thu.
Bng thng.
Gim st c cht lng.

GII THIU (tt)

Yeu cau oi vi ma ng truyen (line code):

Khong co thanh phan mot chieu (dc).

Nng lng tn s thp phi nh.
C nhiu cnh xung: khi phc xung clock b thu.
Tn hiu m ho phi c kh nng gii m duy nht
thnh tn hiu gc.
Dai tan hep tiet kiem dai thong ng truyen.
Bien oi co quy luat sao cho may thu kiem soat c
loi bit.

CC LOI M NG TRUYN

C hai loi m ng truyn chnh:

Unipolar.
Bipolar.

Xung m ng truyn c phn lm hai

loi:

Non Return to Zero (NRZ)

Return to Zero (RZ)

CC LOI M NG TRUYN (tt)

1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1
RZ
NRZ
AMI

HDB-3

CMI

CC LOI M NG TRUYN (tt)

NRZ (100 % unipolar)

Trn quan im mch: m NRZ l dng thng

dng nht ca tn hiu s (ON-OFF).
M NRZ c s dng trong thit b ghp
knh, viba s, truyn dn quang.

CC LOI M NG TRUYN (tt)

NRZ (100 % unipolar) (tt)
CLOCK
T

f=1/T

NRZ SIGNAL

V/2

0
AMPLITUDE
DC

NRZ SPECTRUM

f/2

3f/2

2f

5f/2

3f

FREQUENCY

CC LOI M NG TRUYN (tt)

NRZ (100 % unipolar) (tt)

Tt c cc bit 1 c cc tnh dng.

Ph c thnh phn DC. Gi tr trung bnh ca
DC ph thuc vo t s s bit 1/0 ca chui
tn hiu (t 0 volt V volt). V d: chui
10101010 c thnh phn DC l V/2.
Thnh phn tn s c bn: f/2.
Ch c hi bc l.
Khng c bin tn hiu tn s clock (f)
nn kh tch xung clock u thu.
Nu c nhiu tc ng ln th khng th tch
c.

CC LOI M NG TRUYN (tt)

NRZ (100 % unipolar) (tt)

M NRZ khng ph hp cho ng truyn

cp ng.
M NRZ c s dng cho h thng tc
cao nh SONET/SDH (155Mbit/s hoc cao
hn) nhng phi c ngu nhin ho
(Scrambled)

V D M NRZ (100 % unipolar)

Cho chui bit sau: 1011001010
Hy v dng xung ca chui s trn nu m thnh
m NRZ.
1
+V
0

NRZ

QUY TC M NRZ (100 % unipolar)

1
+V
0 NRZ

Bit 1 xung dng(+V)

Bit 0 xung 0
rng xung: bng rng bit
0

CC LOI M NG TRUYN (tt)

RZ (50 % unipolar)

Ging nh m NRZ nhng rng xung gim

cn mt na.

CC LOI M NG TRUYN (tt)

RZ (50 % unipolar) (tt)
CLOCK
T
1

RZ SIGNAL

DC

AMPLITUDE
DC

RZ SPECTRUM

2f

3f

4f

5f

6f

FREQUENCY

CC LOI M NG TRUYN (tt)

RZ (50 % unipolar) (tt)
Cng tn ti thnh phn DC.
Tn s c bn by gi trng vi tn s xung
clock ca tn hiu c th tch xung clock
u thu khi khng tn ti chui bit 0 ko di.
Khng th pht hin li khi c nhiu.
s dng c gii hn. Nhng m RZ bipolar
c s dng rng ri.

V D M RZ (50 % unipolar)
Cho chui bit sau: 1011001010
Hy v dng xung ca chui s trn nu m thnh
m RZ.

1
+V
0

NRZ

QUY TC M RZ (50 % unipolar)

Bit 1 xung dng(+V) na chu k u

v xung 0 na chu k cn li ca rng
bit.
Bit 0 xung 0
1

+V
0

NRZ

CC LOI M NG TRUYN (tt)

Alternative Mark Inversion AMI (bipolar code)

Ma hai cc oi dau lan lt

o rong xung bang na chu ky xung
Khong cha thanh phan mot chieu
Quy tac chuyen oi:

Bit 1 trong ma goc chuyen thanh cac xung +V va V.

rng xung: 50%.
Bit 0 trong ma goc chuyn thnh 0 volt.

Cha giam c so bit 0 lien tiep

Ch dung trong he thong 1,544Mbit/s (G.703)

CC LOI M NG TRUYN (tt)

AMI (bipolar code) (tt)
CLOCK
T
1

+V

0
AMI CODED
SIGNAL

-V

AMPLITUDE

AMI SPECTRUM

f/2

3f/2

2f

5f/2

3f

FREQUENCY

CC LOI M NG TRUYN (tt)

Alternative Digit Inversion ADI (unipolar 100%)

C mi bit/digit th hai c o.
ADI rt hu dng v cho d chui cc bit 1 hoc 0
ln nhng u thu vn c th tch c xung
clock.

CC LOI M NG TRUYN (tt)

ADI (unipolar 100%)(tt)
CLOCK
BIT NUMBER

PCM SIGNAL
BITS TO BE
INVERTED
ADI SIGNAL

MA NG TRUYEN TRONG PDH

HDB-3 (High density binary)

Quy tc chuyn m:

+ Cc bit 1 trong m gc s chuyn thnh cc xung +V hoc

V sao cho lun tri du vi xung trc .
+ Dy 3 bit 0 tr xung s chuyn thnh xung 0.
+ Dy 4 bit 0 tr ln s c chia thnh tng nhm 4 bit, v
chuyn thnh 4 xung A00B hoc 000B, trong xung A l
xung theo qui tc, cn xung B l xung tri qui tc. Xung
theo qui tc l xung tri du vi xung trc , cn xung
tri qui tc l xung cng du vi xung trc .
o 000B nu xung ng trc dy 4 bit 0 tri du vi
xung B ng trc gn nht.
o A00B nu xung ng trc dy 4 bit 0 cng du
vi xung B ng trc gn nht.

V D M HDB-3
Cho chui bit sau: 10110010000100000
Hy v dng xung ca chui s trn nu m thnh
m HDB-3.

1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
+V
0
-V

+
-

+ 0 0 0 B
- 0 0 0 B

V D M HDB-3
Cho chui bit sau: 10110010000100000
Hy v dng xung ca chui s trn nu m thnh
m HDB-3.

1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
+V
0
-V

+
-

+ 0 0 0 B
-

- 0 0 0 B

MA NG TRUYEN TRONG PDH

c im m HDB-3:
Ch ton tai cac day co 3 bit 0 lien tiep tr xuong
Khong cha thanh phan mot chieu
Ma HDB-3 co so bit 0 lien tiep t nhat so vi cac ma
khac (mat o xung dong cao)
Dung trong he thong 2Mbit/s va 34Mbit/s.

CC LOI M NG TRUYN (tt)

Coded Mark Inversion CMI (biphase)

Cc bit 1 lun phin o trng thi dng v m.

Cc bit 0 trng thi m na chu k u v i
trng thi na chu k cn li.
M CMI c s dng trong cc h thng
139,264Mbit/s (G.703) v SDH 155,52Mbit/s giao
tip in (STM-1e)

CC LOI M NG TRUYN (tt)

CMI (biphase) (tt)
CLOCK

1
NRZ
+0.5V
CMI

0
-0.5V

V D:
Cho chui bit sau:
11001000011000000001010
Hy v dng xung ca chui bit trn nu c
m thnh:
a) NRZ.
b) AMI
c) HDB-3
d) CMI