BAB IV

HASIL PENGAMATAN DAN PERHITUNGAN

4.1 HASIL PENGAMATAN

4.1.1 Sistem Linier

Materia
l
Tin
Q
T1
T2
T3
T4
T5
T6
T7
T8
T9
4.1.2

4.1 Tabel Data Hasil Pengamatan untuk sistem linear

Kuningan
Kuningan
Kuningan
Kuningan Stanless T
Besar
0
Besar (K)
Kecil ( C)
Kecil (K)
(0C)
T(0C)
30
303,15
30
303,15
30
30 watt
30 watt
30 watt
30 watt
30 watt
91,92
365
94,84
368
90,22
89,92
363
91,74
365
86,72
87,02
360
90,84
363
84,62
65,42
338
65,24
338
64,72
44,22
317
44,04
317
44,12
41,92
315
41,74
315
42,02
36,82
309,9
34,94
308
33,82
35,22
308,2
32,24
305
32,22
31,42
304,4
31,24
304
30,72

Sistem Radial
4.1 Tabel data Hasil Pengamatan untk sistem radaial
Material Kuningan T(0C)
Kuningan T(K)
Tin
30
303,15
Q
30 Watt
30 Watt
T1
45,02
3318,02
T2
41,92
314,92
T3
38,62
311,62
T4
T5
T6
T7
37,22
310,22
T8
35,02
308,02
T9
30,82
303,82

4.1.3 Data Ukuran Material

1) Sistem Linear

Stainless T
(K)
303,15
30 watt
363
360
358
338
317
315
307
305
304

Kuningan besar D = 25 mm = 25x10-3

Kuningan kecil D = 13 mm = 13x10-3
Stainless
D = 25 mm = 25x10-3
X = 10 mm
2) Sistem Radial
- RO = 5x10-3 m
- RL = 3x10- 2 m
- X = 10-1 m
-

4.2 PERHITUNGAN
4. 2.1 Mencari Harga k
1. Sistem Linier
k=

Q . X
A . T

Kuningan Besar
D = 25 mm = 0,025 m Q = 30 W

A = Konstan =

x =0,01 m

D2 = 4,91 x 10-4 m2

T1 = 91,92oC

Tx =

k1 =

k2 =

T 3+T 4 87,00+65,40
=
2
2

= 76,22 oC = 349,22 K

Q. X
A .(T 1T 2)

( 30 W ) ( 0,01m)
=
305,498 W/mK
( 4,91 .104 m2 ) ( 365363 ) K
Q. X
A .(T 2T 3)

( 30 W ) ( 0,01m)
=
210,688 W/mK
( 4,91 .104 m2 ) ( 363360 ) K

k3 =

k4 =

k5 =

Q. X
A .(T 3T x )

( 30 W ) (0,005 m)
( 4,91 .104 m2 ) ( 360349 ) K = 27,773 W/mK
Q.X
A .(T x T 4)

( 30 W ) (0,005 m)
( 4,91 .104 m2 ) ( 349338 ) K

= 27.773 W/mK

Q.X
A .(T 4 T 5 )

( 30 W ) ( 0,01m)

= ( 4,91 .104 m2 ) ( 338317 ) K = 29,095 W/mK

k6 =

Q.X
A .(T 5T 6 )

( 30 W ) ( 0,01m)
( 4,91 .104 m2 ) ( 317315 ) K

= 305,499 W/mK

Ty =

T 6 +T 7
2

= 312,45 K

k7 =

Q.X
A .(T 6T y )

( 315+ 309,9 ) K
2

( 30 W ) (0,005 m)
( 4,91 .104 m2 ) ( 315312 ) K

= 101,833 W/mK

k8 =

k9 =

k10 =

Q.X
A .(T y T 7 )

( 30 W ) (0,005 m)
( 4,91 .104 m2 ) ( 31 2309 ) K

= 145,476 W/mK

Q.X
A .(T 7T 8 )

( 30 W ) (0,01 m)
( 4,91 .104 m2 ) ( 309,9308,2 ) K

= 359,41 W/mK

Q. X
A .(T 8T 9 )

( 30 W ) ( 0,01m)

= ( 4,91 .104 m2 ) ( 308,2304,4 ) K

= 160,788 W/mK

krata-rata =
305,498+ 210,688+ 27,772+ 27,773+ 29,095+ 305,499+101,833+145,476+359,41+160,788(W /mK
10
= 167,3833 W/mK
Q=. A .

Q=

167,3833 x 81,77 x 4,91.10

3

Kuningan Kecil

= 2,23 W

T
x

x =0,01 m

D = 13 mm = 0,013 m Q = 30 W

A = Konstan =

D2 = 1,33 x 10-4 m2

T1 = 94,84oC

Tx =

k1 =

k2 =

k3 =

k4 =

T 3+T 4 90,04+65,24
=
2
2

= 77,64 oC = 350,64 K

Q. X
A .(T 1T 2)

( 30 W ) (0,01 m)
=
51,88
7
W/mK
( 1,33. 104 m2 ) ( 368365 ) K
Q. X
A .(T 2T 3)

( 30 W ) (0,01 m)
=
( 1,33. 104 m 2 ) ( 365363 ) K

1.127,82W/mK

Q.X
A .(T 3T x )

( 30 W ) (0,005 m)
( 1,33. 104 m 2 ) ( 363350 ) K

= 86,75 W/mK

Q.X
A .(T x T 4)

( 30 W ) (0,005 m)

= ( 1,33. 104 m 2 ) ( 350338 ) K

= 93,98 W/mK

k5 =

k6 =

Ty =

k7 =

k8 =

k9 =

Q. X
A .(T 4 T 5 )

( 30 W ) (0,01 m)
( 1,33. 104 m2 ) ( 338317 ) K

= 107,41 W/mK

Q.X
A .(T 5T 6 )

( 30 W ) (0,01 m)
( 1,33. 104 m2 ) ( 317315 ) K
T 6 +T 7
2

( 315+ 308 ) K
2

= 1.127,82 W/mK

= 311,34 K

Q.X
A .(T 6T y )

( 30W ) (0,005 m)
( 1,33. 104 m2 ) ( 315311 ) K

= 281,95 W/mK

Q.X
A .(T y T 7 )

( 30W ) (0,005 m)
( 1,33. 104 m2 ) ( 311308 ) K

= 375,93 W/mK

Q.X
A .(T 7T 8 )

( 30 W ) (0,01 m)
( 1,33. 104 m2 ) ( 308305 ) K

= 751,88 W/mK

Q.X
A .(T 8T 9 )

k10 =

( 30 W ) ( 0,01m)
( 1,33. 104 m2 ) ( 305304 ) K

=
krata-rata

= 2.255,6 W/mK

751,88+112,82 +86.755+93,98+107,41+1127,82+281,95+375,93+751,88+ 2.255,6(

10
= 696,1025 W/mK
Q=. A .
696,1025 x 39,3 x 1,33.104
3

Q=

T
x

= 1,21 W

Stainless
D = 25 mm = 0,025 m Q = 30 W

A = Konstan =

x =0,01 m

D2 = 4,91 x 10-4 m2

T1 = 90,20oC

Tx =

k1=

T 3+T 4 84,6+64,7
=
2
2

= 76,2 oC = 349,2 K

Q. X
A .(T 1T 2)

( 30 W ) ( 0,01m)
=
203,6 W/mK
( 4,91 .104 m2 ) ( 363360 ) K

W
)
mK

k2=

Q. X
A .(T 2T 3)

( 30 W ) ( 0,01m)
=
305,7 W/mK
( 4,91 .104 m2 ) ( 360358 ) K

k3=

Q.X
A .(T 3T x )

k4 =

( 30 W ) (0,005 m)
( 4,91 .104 m2 ) ( 358349 ) K = 33,94 W/mK

Q.X
A .(T x T 4)

( 30 W ) (0,005 m)

= ( 4,91 .104 m2 ) ( 349338 ) K = 33,94W/mK

k5 =

k6 =

Ty =

Q.X
A .(T 4 T 5 )

( 30 W ) ( 0,01m)
( 4,91 .104 m2 ) ( 338317 ) K = 30,54 W/mK
Q.X
A .(T 5T 6 )

( 30 W ) ( 0,01m)
( 4,91 .104 m2 ) ( 317315 ) K
T 6 +T 7
2

( 315+ 306 ) K
2

= 203,6 W/mK

= 311,45 K

Q.X
A .(T 6T y )

k7=

( 30W ) (0,005 m)
( 4,91 .104 m2 ) ( 315311 ) K

= 76,37 W/mK

Q.X
A .(T y T 7 )

k8 =

( 30 W ) (0,005 m)
( 4,91 .104 m2 ) ( 311307 ) K

= 76,37 W/mK

Q.X
A .(T 7T 8 )

k9=

( 30 W ) ( 0,01m)

= ( 4,91 .104 m2 ) ( 307305 ) K

= 305,5 W/mK

Q. X
A .(T 8T 9 )

k10 =

( 30 W )( 0,01m)
( 4,91 .104 m2 ) ( 305304 ) K

= 610,9 W/mK

203,6+ 305,7+33,94+33,94 +30,54+203,6+ 76,37+76,37+305,5+610,9(

krata-rata =

10
1880,46
10

= 188,046 W/mK

Q=. A .

T
x

W
)
mK

188,046 x 37,75 x 4.91 .104

3

Q=

= 1.161 W

2. Sistem Radial
Q . ln
k=

rL
r0

( )

2 . L.T

Kuningan
Q = 30 watt
RL = 10 mm = 0,01 m
R0 = 5 mm = 0,005 m
Q ln
k 1=

RL
R0

( )

2 L T
30 watt ln

L = 30 mm = 0,03 m

0,01
( 0,005
)

2 ( 3,14 )( 0,03 ) ( 318,17315,82 )

= 46,93 W/mK
Q ln
k 2=

RL
R0

( )

2 L T

30 watt ln

0,01
( 0,005
)

2 ( 3,14 )( 0,03 ) ( 314,92311,62 )

= 33,42 W/mK
Q ln
k3 =

RL
R0

( )

2 L T
30 watt ln

0,01
( 0,005
)

2 ( 3,14 )( 0,03 ) ( 311,62310,22)

= 78,75 W/mK

Q ln
k 4=

RL
R0

( )

2 LT
30 watt ln

0,01
( 0,005
)

2 ( 3,14 )( 0,03 ) ( 310,22308,02 )

= 50,217 W/mK

Q ln
k5=

RL
R0

( )

2 L T

30 watt ln

0,01
( 0,005
)

2 ( 3,14 )( 0,03 ) ( 308,02303,82 )

= 26,28 W/mK

k 1+ k 2 +k 3 + k 4 +k 5
10
46,93+33,42+78,75+50,217+26,28(

W
)
mK

= 47,9114 W/mK

Q=

2 LT
R
ln L
R0

2 x 3,14 x 47,1194 x 14,33

0.01
ln
0.005

% Kesalahan =

Sistem Linier

= 183,56 W

QteoriQ
Q teori

praktek

x 100%

Kuningan Besar =

W
|30W302,23
| x 100% = 9,256 %
W

Kuningan Kecil =

1,21 W
|30W30W
|

Stainless =

x 100% = 9,596 %

W
|30W 1.161
| x 100% = 9,616 %
30W

Sistem Radial

% Kesalahan =

Kuningan =

QteoriQ
Q teori

praktek

x 100%

W
|30W 183,56
| x 100% = 17,28 %
30 W