clGtd d:of}bf

;Kt/L lhNnf j:t'l:ylt lrq0f -kfZj{lrq_, @)&!

SAPTARI DISTRICT PROFILE, 2014

k|sfzs

lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt

;Kt/L, /fhlj/fh
c;f/,@)&!

laifo ;"rL
zJb ;+If]k
k|sfzsLo
lhNnfsf] ;+lIfKt kl/ro
1. v08!M e"ldsfkl/ro

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!=! e"ldsfkl/ro
!=@ p4]Zox?
!=# cWoog ljlw
!=$ cWoog ;Ldf

2.

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v08@M lhNnfsf] ef}uf]lus tyf ef}lts l:ylt lrq0f

@=! ;Kt/L lhNnfsf] ;+lIfKt /fhgLlts Oltxf;

@=@ ef}uf]lns cjl:ylt, l;dfgf tyf /fhgLlts / k|zf;lgs ljefhg
@=# gu/kflnsf -zx/Ls/0f / a:tL ljsf;sf] :j?k_
@=$ e"If]q -6f]kf]u|fkmL, le/fnf]kg_
@=% e"ldsf] le/fnf]kg
@=^ df6f]sf] agfj6 tyf pj{/fzlQm
@=& e"Ifo ;Defljt If]q
@=* hnjfo'
@=( hne08f/
@=!) lhNnfsf dxTjk"0f{ wfld{s, k'/ftflTjs / P]ltxfl;s :yfg

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3. v08#M hg;+Vof ljj/0f tyf k|If]k0f

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#=! uflj; tyf gu/kflnsfsf] hg;+Vofsf] cfsf/

#=@ u|fld0f / zx/L If]qsf] hg;+V ofsf] a[l4 b/
#=# hg;+Vofsf] cjoj ljZn]if0f
#=$ hg;+Vofsf] agfj6
#=% pd]/, pd]/ ;d'x, ln / Psn dlxnf ;DjGwL ljj/0f
#=^ hg;+Vofsf] ljt/0f
#=& wd{, hghflt tyf efiffut Pjd ckftf cg';f/ hg;+Vof ljj/0f

4.

v08$M e"pkof]u

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$=! ;Kt/L lhNnfsf] e"pkof]usf] cj:yf

$=@ /fhlj/fh gu/kflnsfsf] e"pkof]usf] cj:yf
$=# uflj; :t/Lo e"pkof]usf] cj:yf
$=$ s[life"lddf :jfldTjsf] cfwf/ tyf ljj/0f
$=% e"pkof]u ;DjGwL gS;fx?

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v08%M zx/Ls/0f tyf jl:t ljsf;sf] :j?k

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%=! zx/Ls/0f
%=@ jl:t ljsf;sf] :j?k / jl:t C+vnf
%=# zx/L tyf u|fdL0f If]qdf cfjf; l:ylt

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6. v08^M lhNnfsf] cfly{s tyf /f]huf/Lsf] l:ylt

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^=! lhNnf cy{tGqsf] ;+/rgfTds :j?k

^=@ s[lif
^=# l;+rfO{

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^=$ kz' ;]jf

^=% lhNnfsf] cy{tGqsf] ljlzli6s/0f
^=^ cfly{s cGt/;DjGw
^=& lhNnfsf] j}b]lzs nufgLsf] l:ylt
^=* 3/kl/jf/sf] cfo:t/ tyf ul/jLsf] l:ylt
^=( :YffgLo :t/df vfB ;'/Iffsf] cj:yf
^=!) >dzlQm tyf /f]huf/L l:ylt
^=!! pBf]u tyf vfgL If]qsf] l:ylt
^=!@ Jofkf/, ko{6g tyf ljlQo ;]jf If]qsf] l:ylt

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v08&M ef}lts tyf ;fj{hlgs k"jf{wf/ ;]jf

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&=! ;8s oftfoft

&=@ xjfO{ ;]jf
&=# ;~rf/ ;'ljwf
&=$ uflj;gkf cg';f/ ljB't tyf gjLs/0fLo pmhf{ ljsf; l:ylt
&=% vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO{
&=^ 9n lgsf; / kmf]xf]/d}nf ;+sng tyf Joj:yfkg
&=& gbL lgoGq0f

8.

v08*M ;fdflhs k"jf{wf/ tyf ;]jf

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*=! lzIff

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*=!=! lhNnfsf] z}lIfs tyf ;fIf/tf l:ylt

*=!=@ lzIff ;]jf tyf ;'ljwf, k"jf{wf/sf] dfu tyf cfk"lt{
*=!=# dfgj ;+zfwg ljsf;sf] ;du| l:ylt
*=!=$ j}slNks Pjd\ cgf}krfl/s lzIff
*=!=% ljBfno v'n]sf] lbg
*=!=% ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldltdf k|ltlglwTj -k|ltztdf_
*=!=^ ljBfno k'Ug] nfUg] ;do
*=!=& ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldltdf afn k|ltlglwTj

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*=@ :jf:Yo

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*=@=! :jf:Yo ;]jf ;'ljwf / :jf:Yo l:ylt

*=@=@ :jf:Yo ;+:yfx?sf] cj:yf
*=@=# dfgj ;+zfwgsf] cj:yf
*=@=$ vf]ksf] cj:yf
*=@=% sf]/f hGd tyf d[To'b/
*=@=^ dft[ :jf:Yo
*=@=& dlxnf :jf:Yo
*=@=* kf]i f0f
*=@=( k|d'v /f]ux? / ltgsf] /f]syfd
*=@=!! PrcfOeLP8; sf] l:ylt
*=@=!@ kl/jf/ lgof]hgf sfo{qmd
*=@=!# afnd}qL :yfgLo zf;g ;DjGw ;"rsx?sf] cj:yf ljZn]if0f

*=# v]ns'b tyf dgf]/~hg

*=$ ;dfh sNof0f tyf ;fdflhs ;'/Iff

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*=$=! afn u[x, a[4a[4f, cf>d / l:ylt

*=$=@ ;8s jfnjflnsfsf] l:ylt
*=$=# 4Gb lkl8tx?sf] l:ylt

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*=%gful/s ;'/Iff ;]jf

*=^ dlxnf tyf jfnjflnsfsf] ljsf; l:ylt

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*=^=! z}lIfs l:ylt / kx'Fr

*=^=@ :jf:Yo l:ylt tyf k|hgg :jf:Yo
*=^=# lzk ljsf;
*=^=$ /f]huf/ l:ylt / kx'+r -:jb]zL tyf ljb]zL /f]huf/L
*=^=% j}jflxs l:yltafn ljjfx
*=^=^ ;du| ;fdflhs l:ylt -e]befj, 5'jf5't, dlxnf lj?4 lx+;f_
*=^=& ;fd'bflos / /fhlglts lqmofsnfkdf ;xeflutf / k|ltlglwTj
*=^=* ;]jf / ;'ljwf dflysf] kx'+r, lgoGq0f / zlQm ljZn]i f0f -lg0f{o k|lqmofdf kx"+r_
*=^=( hGd btf{
*=^=!) afn >dsf] cj:yf
*=^=!! ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t jfn ;+/If0f k|0ffnL

*=& pk]lIft plTkl8t, blnt tyf hghftLsf] l:ylt

*=* cGwf tyf ckfsf] cj:yf
*=( t]>f] ln+uLsf] l:ylt
*=!) :yfgLo :t/df dfgj clwsf/sf] cj:yf

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*=!)=! lhNnfdf afn Snj ;+Vof / ;~hfn

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v08(M jg tyf jftfj/0f

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(=! ag If]qsf] l:ylt

(=@ jg ;+/If0f tyf h}ljs ljljwtf
(=# jg k}bfjf/sf] dfu tyf cfk"lt{ l:ylt
(=$ jg pTkfbg tyf ;fd'bflos ;xeflutf

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(=$=! /f]huf/Lsf cj;/ / u/LjL lgjf/0fdf of]ubfg

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(=% u|fld0f jftfj/0f l:ylt

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(=%=! lhNnfsf] k|d'v ;\s6f;Ggtf

(=%=@ ljkbsf] P]ltxfl;s ;do /]vf
(=%=# e'slDko hf]lvddf ljBfno tyf :jf:Yo ;+:yfx?

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(=^ hnfwf/sf] cj:yf

(=& af9L, k}/f], x'/L atf;, af6 ;+efljt hf]lvdsf] cj:yf
(=* hnjfo' kl/jt{g ;Da]bglzn gljs/0fLo pmhf{sf] cj:yf

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v08!)M;+:yfut ;|f]t tyf Ifdtf

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!)=! ljlQo ;|f]t tyf Ifdtf ljZn]if0f

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!)=!=! ;/sf/L
!)=!=@ :yfgLo ;/sf/
!)=!=# u};;sf] Ifdtf ljsf; / ljlQo cj:yf

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!)=@ lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltsf] cfly{s ;|f]t tyf cfo

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!)=@=! cfGtl/s ;|f]t l:ylt tyf k|If]k0f

!)=@=@ cg'bfg, ;xof]u tyf /fh:j jf+8kmf+8jf6 k|fKt /sd / ;f]sf] k|If]k0f

!)=# uf+p ljsf; ;ldlt / gu/kflnsfx?sf] cfly{s ;|f]t kl/rfng tyf cfo l:ylt
!)=$ hg;xeflutf kl/rfng l:ylt tyf k|If]k0f
!)=$=! ;"rgf tyf clen]v s]Gb| Aoj:yfkg
!)=$=@ gful/s ;dfh, ;+u7gsf] k|jw{gsf] l:ylt
!)=$=# of]hgf, cfof]hgf, sfo{qmdx?sf] cg'udg
!)=$=$ lhlj;df jfn jflnsf, dlxnf, blnt, hghflt ;ldltx?sf] k|efjsfl/tf l:ylt
!)=$=% :yfgLo :t/df ul7t ;ldltx? / ltlgx?sf] lqmoflzntf
!)=$=^ ;fdflhs kl/rfng

!)=% ;'zf;g / ljs]Gb|Ls/0fsf] cj:yf

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!)=%=! afn ;xeflutfd"ns of]hgf th'{df k|lqmof

!)=%=@ ;fj{hlgs n]vfhf]vf

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!)=%=# ;fj{hlgs ;'g'jfO{

!)=%=$ gful/s j8fkqsf] cg'udg l:ylt
!)=%=% n}+ls tyf ;dfj]zL n]vfhf]vf ;DjGwL cj:yf
!)=%=^ afn l:ylt kqsf] cj:yf

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!)=^ lhNnf :t/Lo ljifout sfo{qmddf nufgL l:ylt tyf k|If]k0f

!)=& s]Gb|Lo:tl/o ljifout sfo{qmd / cfof]hgfdf nufgL l:ylt tyf k|If]k0f
!)=* u};;x?n] cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs k"jf{wf/ ;[hgf ug]{ sfo{qmddf u/]sf] nufgL tyf k|If]k0f
!)=( gLlh If]qn] cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs k"jf{wf/ ;[hgf ug]{ sfo{qmddf u/]sf] nufgL tyf k|If]k0f
!)=!) :yfgLo hgzlQm tyf k|fljlws Ifdtf ljZn]if0f -;fdflhs ;d'x cg';f/sf] ;"rgf_
!)=!! of]hgf tyf sfof{Gjog Ifdtf ljZn]if0f
!)=!!=! of]hgf tyf sfof{Gjogsf] nflu ;+:yfut :j?k
!)=!!=@ ;+:yfut ;dGjo tyf ;+hfn

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!)=!@ ;|f]t pkof]u l:ylt -ljlgof]lht /sd lgsf;f / vr{ l:ylt_

!)=!# :yfgLo lgsfox?sf] Go'gtd ;t{ / sfo{;Dkfbg l:ylt
!)=!$ lj:yflktx?sf] cj:yf / k"g{:yfkgf
!)=!$=! G lj:yflkt

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!)=!$=@ k|sf]kaf6 Iflt

!)=!$=# zflGt, ljsf; / k'g{;+/rgf ;DaGwL ultljlw

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v08!!M lhNNffsf] ljsf;sf ;d:of, r'gf}lt, cj;/ / ;+efjgfx?sf] ljZn]if0f

!!=! dfggLo ;ef;b\Ho"x?af6 klxrfg ePsf r'gf}tL / cj;/x?

!!=@ lhNnf:t/Lo cGt/lqmofaf6 klxrfg ePsf ;+efjgf, cj;/ / r'gf}tLx?
!!=# :jf:Yo If]qsf ;jfnx?
!!=$ afnaflnsfx?sf] ;jfn, ;d:of / dfux?
!!=% Onfsf:t/af6 klxrfg ul/Psf nlIft sfo{qmdx?
!!=^ lhNnfsf] cj/f]w ljZn]if0fsf d'Vo lgZsif{x?
!!=& /f]huf/L / a;fO ;/fO
!!=* ;fdflhs ;'/Iff

iv

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;Gbe{ ;fdfu|L

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tflnsfx?
tflnsf g+=2.1: lhNNffsf] k|zf;lgs ljefhg
tflnsf g+=2.2M e"ldsf] le/fnf]kg
tflnsf g+=2.3M df6f]sf] agfj6
tflnsf g+=2.4M e"Ifosf sf/0f / k|efljt uflj;
tflnsf g+=2.5M dfl;s tfkqmd, @)^*, -l8u|L ;]lG6u|]8_
tflnsf g+=2.6M ;Kt/L lhNnfsf k|d'v wfld{s :yfg / ;+Vof
tflnsf g+=3.1M hg;+Vofsf] cfsf/ -uflj; tyf gu/kflnsf :t/sf]_
tflnsf g+=3.2M kl/jf/ ;+Vof / kl/jf/sf] cf};t cfsf/
tflnsf g+=3.3M kl/jf/sf ;b:o cg'kl:yt ePsf 3/kl/jf/ / cg'kl:yt hg;+Vof
tflnsf g+=3.4M JolQmut 36gf btf{sf] aflif{s clen]v ljj/0f
tflnsf g+=3.5M pd]/ cg';f/ lhNnfsf] hg;+Vof %% jif{ pd]/ ;d'xsf] hg;+Vof_
tflnsf g+=3.6M 3/kl/jf/, hg;+Vof, cf}ift kl/jf/sf] cfsf/, n}ls cg'kft / hg3gTj
tflnsf g+=3.7M kl/jf/ ;b:o ;+Vof cg';f/sf] 3/kl/jf/ ;+Vof
tflnsf g+=3.8M ln cg';f/ !) jif{ / ;f] eGbf dflysf] pd]/sf hg;+Vofsf] a}jflxs cj:yf
tflnsf g+=4.1M lhNnfsf] e"pkof]u l:ylt
tflnsf g+=4.2M zx/L e"pkof]usf] l:ylt
tflnsf g+=4.3: s[life"lddf :jfldTjsf] cfwf/ tyf ljj/0f
tflnsf g+=5.1: /fhlj/fh gu/kflnsfsf] hg;+Vof ;DjGwL ljj/0f
tflnsfg+=5.2M gu/kflnsf cg';f/sf] 3/kl/jf/sf] cfsf/, n}ls cg'kft / hg3gTj
tflnsf g+=5.3M d'Vo d'Vo ahf/ / ;b/d'sfdb]lvsf] b'/L
tflnsf g+=5.4M kfFr xhf/ eGbf dfly hg;+Vof ePsf uflj;x?
tflnsf g+=5.5: bz xhf/ eGbf dfly hg;+Vof ePsf uflj;x?
tflnsf g+=5.6: 3/sf] :jfldTj cg';f/sf] 3/kl/jf/ ;+Vof
tflnsf g+=5.7: 3/sf] husf] k|sf/ cg';f/sf] 3/kl/jf/ ;+Vof
tflnsf g+=5.8: 3/sf] aflx/L ufXf]sf] k|sf/ cg';f/sf] 3/kl/jf/ ;+Vof
tflnsf g+=5.9: 3/sf] 5fgf]sf] k|sf/ cg';f/sf] 3/kl/jf/ ;+Vof
tflnsf g+=5.10M kl/jf/n] aQL afNg cS;/ k|of]u ug]{ ;fwg cg';f/sf] 3/kl/jf/ ;+Vof
tflnsf g+=6.1M aflif{s cfwf/e"t tYof
tflnsf g+=6.2M k|d'v afnLx?df nfUg] d'Vo /f]u tyf ls/fx?
tflnsf g+=6.3M lhNnfdf cGgafnLsf] If]qkmn, pTkfbg / pTkfbsTj -cf=j= @)^*)^(_
tflnsf g+=6.4M gub]afnLsf] If]qkmn, pTkfbg / pTkfbsTj -cf=j= @)^*)^(_
tflnsf g+=6.5M t]nxg afnLsf] If]qkmn, pTkfbg / pTkfbsTj -cf=j= @)^*)^(_
tflnsf g+=6.6M d'Vo d;nfafnLsf] If]qkmn, pTkfbg / pTkfbsTj -cf=j= @)^*)^(_
tflnsf g++=6.7M bnxg afnLsf] If]qkmn, pTkfbg / pTkfbsTj -cf=j= @)^*)^(_
tflnsf g+=6.8M 3/kfn'jf hgfj/sf] ;+Vof / ljt/0f -cf=j= @)^*^(_
tflnsf g+=6.9M b'w lbg] hgfj/x? / pTkfbg -cf=j= @)^*)^(_
tflnsf g+=6.10M v'b df;' pTkfbg / o;sf] ljt/0f -cf=j= @)^*)^(_
tflnsf g+=6.11M c08f pTkfbg / ljt/0f -c08f ;+Vof !))) df_
tflnsf g+=6.12M pg pTkfbg / ljt/0f -cf=j= @)^*)^(_
tflnsf g+=6.13M tnfpmsf] If]qkmn / df5fsf] pTkfbg -cf=j= @)^*)^(_
vi

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tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf

g+=6.14M cldnf] kmnkm"nsf] pTkfbg If]qkmn / pTkfbg -cf=j= @)^*)^(_

g+=6.15M pi0f kmnkm"nsf] If]qkmn, pTkfbg / pTkfbg If]qkmn
g+=6.16M t/sf/Lsf] If]qkmn, pTkfbg / pTkfbsTj -cf=j= @)^*)^(_
g+=6.17M dnvfbsf] sf/f]af/ l:ylt, cf=a= @)^(&) -d]= 6g_
g+=6.18M xf6ahf/ ;DaGwL ljj/0f
g+=6.19M l;t e08f/ ;DjGwL ljj/0f
g+=6.20M vfB pknAwtf / cfjZostfsf] l:ylt -cf=j= @)^*)^(_
g+=6.21M s[lif ;]jf s]Gb|n] ;]jf k'/\ofpg] uflj;x?sf] ljj/0f
g+=6.22M afln k|0ffnL tyf afnL ;3gtf
g+=6.23M lhNnfsf] vfBfGg jf;nft cf=a= @)^(&)
g+=6.24M lhNnfdf VffBGg ;+lrltsf] cj:yf -@)^(&)_
g+=6.25M l;+rfO{sf] jt{dfg cj:yf -cf=j= @)^*)^(_
g+=6.26M ljleGg l;+RffO{ k|0ffnLx?sf] l;rfO{ ;'ljwf
g+=6.27M ;]S6/ sfo{qmd cGtu{t l;+rfO{ ;'ljwf k'u]sf uflj;x? / If]qkmn
g+=6.28M kz';]jf s]Gb|pks]Gb| ljj/0f
g+=6.29M kz' ;]jf ;DaGwL ks]6 If]qx?sf] ljj/0f
g+=6.30M ks]6 Kofs]h sfo{qmd ;DjGwL ljj/0f
g+=6.31M kz'kfngdf ;DnUg ;d'x ;DaGwL ljj/0f
g+=6.32M kz'sf] lsl;d / ;+Vof
g+=6.33M lhNnfdf kz' cfxf/fdf pkof]uL s[lif pkh kbfy{sf] pTkfbg l:ylt
g+=6.34M kz' /f]ux?sf] ljj/0f
g+=6.35M kz' :jf:Yodf ;'wf/ ug{ ckgfOPsf pkfox?
g+=6.36M kz'hGo kbfy{sf] pTkfbg -d]=6gdf / ;+Vofdf_
g+=6.37M kz' ;]jfdf ;DnUg u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx?sf] ljj/0f
g+=6.38M lhNnf bft[ lgsfox?af6 pknJw ;xof]usf] l:ylt
g+=6.39M ;DkGgtfsf] :tl/s/0fsf] cj:yf
g+= 6.40M lhNnf / gu/kflnsfsf] ul/aLsf] b/, ljifdtf / uxgtf, @)^*
g+= 6.41M Onfsfx?sf] ul/aLsf] b/ / u/Lax?sf] ;+Vof, @)^*
g+= 6.42M nlIft If]qx?sf] ul/aL b/, ul/aLsf] ljifdtf / ul/aLsf] uxgtf, @)^*
g+=6.43M dfgj ul/jL ;'rfsf (HPI) sf] cj:yf
g+=6.44M lhNnf / gu/kflnsfsf] ul/jL b/ cg';f/sf] ;Da[l4:t/
g+=6.45M %) k|ltzt eGbf a9L ul/jL:t/ ePsf nlIft If]qx?, @)^*
g+= 6.46M lhNnfsf] vfB ;'/Iffsf] cj:yf
g+= 6.47 M !) jif{eGbf dfly pd]/ ;d'xsf lqmofsnfkx?
g+= 6.48M !) jif{ / ;f]eGbf dflysf ;lqmo hg;+Vofsf] k]zfut ljj/0f
g+= 6.49M lhNnfsf] >dsf] pTkfbsTjsf] cj:yf
g+=6.50M j}b]lzs /f]huf/L ;DjGwL ljj/0f
g+=6.51M lhNnf n3' tyf 3/]n' pBf]u ;DjGwL ljj/0f
g+=6.52M 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u sfof{nojf6 lbOPsf tflndsf] ljj/0f
g+=6.53M lhNnfdf btf{ ePsf pBf]ux?sf] ljj/0f -cf=a= @)&) kf}if ;Dd_
g+=6.54M 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u sfof{nojf6 ;+slnt /fhZjsf] ljj/0f -cf=a= @)^(&)_ ;Dd
vii

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tflnsf g+=6.55M 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u sfof{noaf6 jfl0fHo k|zf;g tkm{ ;+slnt /fhZj
tflnsf g+=6.56M ;+efljt :yfgLo ;|f]t tyf To;df cfwfl/t pBdx?
tflnsf g+=6.57M 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u sfof{no ;Kt/Lsf] aflif{s ah]6
tflnsf g+=6.58M lhNnf :t/Lo cfof]hgfx?sf] ljj/0f
tflnsf g+=6.59M afn'jf tyf df6f] vfgLx?sf] ljj/0f
tflnsf g+=6.60M ;Kt/Ldf /x]sf a}Fs tyf ljlQo ;+:yfx?sf] ljj/0f
tflnsf g+=6.61M ;Kt/Ldf a}sx?sf] lgIf]k tyf shf{sf] l:ylt
tflnsf g+=6.62M @)&! ;fn h]i7 d;fGt;Ddsf] ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?sf] ;dli6ut ljj/0f -xhf/df_
tflnsf g+=7.1M lhNnfsf] oftfoft ;DaGwL k"jf{wf/ ljsf;sf] l:ylt
tflnsf g++=7.2M ;Kt/L lhNnfdf /x]sf oftfoft Jofj;foL ;+3 tyf ;ldltx?
tflnsf g+=7.3M /fhlj/fhb]lv ljleGg 7fpF ;Ddsf j;sf ?6x?
tflnsf g+=7.4M /fhlj/fh gu/kflnsfsf] ;8ssf] l:ylt
tflnsf g+=7.5M ;8s oftfoft ;fwgsf] ljj/0f
tflnsf g+=7.6M cGo oftfoftsf ;fwgsf] k|of]usf] cj:yf
tflnsf g+=7.7M lhNNff ;8s ;~hfn ;DjGwL ljj/0f
tflnsf g+=7.8M u|fld0f ;8s ;DjGwL ljj/0f
tflnsf g+=7.9M lhNnfdf /x]sf ;~rf/ dfWodx?
tflnsf g+=7.10M lkP;l6g 6]lnkmf]g ljt/0f ;DaGwL ljj/0f
tflnsf g+=7.11M kl/jf/df ePsf ;'ljwf cg';f/sf] 3/kl/jf/ ;+Vof
tflnsf g+=7.12M ljB't ;]jf k|fKt ug]{ u|fxs ;]jf ;DjGwL ljj/0f -@)&) r}q d;fGt;Ddsf]_
tflnsf g+=7.13M kl/jf/n] cS;/ vfgf ksfpg k|of]u ug]{ OGwg cg';f/sf] 3/kl/jf/ ;+Vof
tflnsf g+=7.14M phf{sf] k|of]u ;DaGwL ljj/0f
tflnsf g+=7.15M kl/jf/n] k|of]u ug]{ vfg]kfgLsf] ;|f]t cg';f/sf] 3/kl/jf/ ;+Vof
tflnsf g+=7.16M kl/jf/n] k|of]u ug]{ rkL{sf] k|sf/ cg';f/sf] 3/kl/jf/ ;+Vof
tflnsf g+=7.17M v'Nnf lbzfd'Qm If]qsf] cj:yf
tflnsf g+=7.18M kmf]xf]/d}nf kmfNg] 7fpF
tflnsf g+=7.19M e";+/If0f ug{kg]{ If]qx?
tflnsf g+=7.20 M gbL lgoGq0fsf] cj:yf
tflnsf g+=8.1M k"j{ afn ljsf;k"j{ k|fylds ljBfnosf] ;+VofTds cj:yf
tflnsf g+=8.2M txut ljBfyL{ ;+Vof
tflnsf g+=8.3M tx cg';f/ ljBfno ;+Vof
tflnsf g+=8.4M k"j{ afnljsf; s]Gb| / k"j{ k|fylds ljBfnodf ePsf] egf{sf] ;+Vof
tflnsf g+=8.5M k"j{ afn ljsf; s]Gb| / k"j{k|fylds sIffx?df egf{sf] cj:yf
tflnsf g+=8.6M wfld{s ljBfnox? ;DjGwL ljj/0f
tflnsf g+=8.7M s'n d'l:nd ljBfyL{x? ;DjGwL ljj/0f
tflnsf g+=8.8M ljleGg txaf6 egf{ cg'kft ;DjGwL ljj/0f
tflnsf g+=8.9M ;a} k|sf/sf ljBfnodf k|fylds txdf egf{ x'g]sf] ;+Vof
tflnsf g+=8.10M ;fd'bflosf ljBfnodf lgDg dflj / dflj txdf egf{ x'g]sf] ;+Vof
tlnsf g+= 8.11M ;fd'bflosf ljBfnodf k|fylds txdf egf{ x'g]sf] ;+Vof
tlnsf g+=8.12M k|fylds txdf egf{ ePsf blntsf] egf{sf] cj:yf
tlnsf g+=8.13M k|fylds txdf egf{ ePsf hghfltsf] egf{sf] cj:yf
viii

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tflnsf
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g+=8.14M lg=df=lj=/ df=lj=txdf ckftf ePsf ;a} k|sf/sf ljBfyL{x?sf] egf{ ;+Vof
g+=8.15M k|fylds txdf ckftf ePsf ;a} k|sf/sf ljBfyL{x?sf] egf{ ;+Vof
g+=8.16M lgDg dfWolds txdf ckftf ePsf ;a} k|sf/sf ljBfyL{x?sf] egf{ ;+Vof
g+=8.17M pd]/ cg';f/ ;fIf/tfsf] cj:yf
g+=8.18M k|fylds :t/df pQL0f{ b/
g+=8.19M z}lIfs of]Uotf cg';f/sf] hg;+Vof ljj/0f
g+=8.20M lzIff ;|f]t s]Gb|x? / ltgLx? cGtu{tsf uflj;x?
g+=8.21M ;|f]ts]Gb|ut ?kdf ;fd'bflos / ;+:yfut ljBfnox?sf] ;+Vof
g+=8.22M P;=Pn=;L=k/LIff ;DaGwL ljj/0f
g+=8.23M txut b/aGbL ljj/0f
g+=8.24M lzIfs ;+Vofsf] ljj/0f -;+:yfut ljBfno ;d]t_
g+=8.25M blnt hghftL lzIfsx?sf] k|ltzt
g+=8.26M tflnd k|fKt lzIfs ;+Vof ;DaGwL ljj/0f -;fd'bflos ljBfno_
g+=8.27M 5fq 5fqfsf] cj:yf
g+=8.28M ;|f]t s]G b|ut ?kdf blnt hfltsf ljBfyL{x? ;DaGwL ljj/0f -@)&)=_
g+=8.29M pd]/ ;d'x cg';f/sf] hg;+Vof / ljBfno uO/x]sf] hg;+Vof ljj/0f
g+=8.30M lhNnfsf] z}lIfs pknlAw ;"rs tyf nIo
g+=8.31M SofDk;x?sf] ljj/0f
g+=8.32M k|fljlws lzIffnox?
g+=8.33M cgf}krfl/s lzIff ;DaGwL t'ngfTds ljj/0f
g++=8.34M jfnd}qL ljBfnxox?
g+=8.35M ljBfno v'n]sf] lbg
g+=8.36M ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldltdf k|ltlglwTj
g+=8.37M zf}rfno / vfg]kfgLsf] ;'ljwfsf] cj:yf
g+=8.38M k|fylds txdf sIff 5f8\g], bf]xf]/fpg] / sIff kbf]GgtL b/
g+=8.39M 5fqfx?sf] sIff 5f8\g] b/ pRr ePsf uflj;x?
g+=8.40M 5fqfx?sf] sIff bf]xf]/\ofpg] b/ pRr ePsf uflj;x?
g+=8.41M 5fqfx?sf] plt0f{ b/ pRr ePsf uflj;x?
g+=8.42M P;Pn;Ldf 5fqf 5fqsf] plQ0f{ cg'kft
g++=8.43M alx/+u ;]jf ;DjGwL ljj/0f
g+=8.44M lgMz'Ns :jf:Yo ;]jf
g+=8.45M :jf:Yo ;+:yfx?af6 k|ltdlxgf nfeflGjt x'g] hg;Vof
g+=8.46M lhNnfdf cjl:ylt :jf:Yo ;]jf ;DjGwL ljj/0f
g+=8.47M PDa'n]G; ;'ljwf ;DaGwL ljj/0f
g+=8.48M lhNnf hg:jf:Yo cGt/ut sd{rf/L ;DjGwL ljj/0f
g+=8.49M rf/j6f k|fylds :jfYo s]Gb|df sd{rf/Lsf] cj:yf
g+=8.50M tL;j6f :jf:Yo rf}sLdf sd{rf/Lsf] cj:yf
g+=8.51M aof;Lj6f pk :jf:Yo rf}sLdf sd{rf/Lsf] cj:yf
g+=8.52M /fli6o vf]k sfo{qmd
g+=8.53M l;aL cfO{Pd;LcfO{ sfo{qmd
g+=8.54M ;'/lIft dft[Tj sfo{qmd
ix

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tflnsf g+=8.55M ;fd'bflos dlxnf :jf:Yo :jod ;]ljsf sfo{qmd

tflnsf g+=8.56M ufFp 3/ 3'lDt :jf:Yo l;lj/ sfo{qmd
tflnsf g+=8.57M kf]if0f sfo{qmd ;DjGwL ljj/0f
tflnsf g+=8.58M Ifo/f]u lgoGq0f sfo{qmd
tflnsf g+=8.59M s''i7/f]u lgoGq0f sfo{qmd
tflnsf g+=8.60M cf}nf] lgoGq0f sfo{qmd
tflnsf g+= 8.61M sfnfhf/ lgoGq0f sfo{qmd
tflnsf g+=8.62M dxfdf/L tyf ljkb Joj:yf sfo{qmd
tflnsf g+=8.63M emfF8f kvfnf / efO/n OGkm\No"PGhf ;DjGwL ljj/0f
tflnsf g+=8.64M xfQL kfO{n] pGd"ng cleofg
tflnsf g+=8.65M ;k{ 6f]sfO{ -;k{ bD;_
tflnsf g+=8.66M k|d'v !) /f]ux?sf] cj:yf
tflnsf g+=8.67M PrcfOeLP8; sf] l:ylt
tflnsf g+=8.68M kl/jf/ lgof]hg ;DjGwL sfo{qmdx?
tflnsf g+=8.69M kl/jf/ lgof]hgsf :yfgLo ;fwfg k|of]u ;DjGwL ljj/0f
tflnsf g+=8.70M kl/jf/ lgof]hgsf c:yfoL ;fwg k|of]u ;DaGwL ljj/0f
tflnsf g+=8.71M ljleGg /f]u / ;]jf k|fKt ug]{x?sf] ljj/0f
tflnsf g++=8.72M ;+:yfut txdf :yfgLo ax'ljifos ;"rgf k|0ffnL
tflnsf g+=8.73M ?U0ftf / d[To'sf sf/s kfFr /f]ux?
tflnsf g+= 8.74M le6fldg P / h'sfsf] cf}iflw kfpg] afnaflnsfxsf] l:ylt
tflnsf g+=8.75M afnaflnsf ;DjGwL ;"rsx?
tflnsf g+=8.76 M k"j{ k|fylds ljBfno / ljBfno hfgaf6 j+lrt afnaflnsfsf] ljj/0f
tflnsf g+=8.77M :yfoL ;DklQdf dlxnfsf] :jfldTj cg';f/sf] 3/kl/jf/ ;+Vof
tflnsf g+=8.78 M dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf sfof{no ;Kt/Laf6 ;+rflnt sfo{qmd ;DaGwL ljj/0f
tflnsf g+=8.79M ;xsf/L ;+:yfx? ;DjGwL ljj/0f
tflnsf g+=8.80M bz jif{ / ;f] eGbf dflysf] hg;+Vofsf] klxnf] ljjfx ePsf] pd]/
tflnsf g+=8.81 M kf/flnun sfo{qmd z'? ePsf] cfwf/df uf=lj=;=x?sf] jlu{s/0f
tflnsf g+= 8.82M dlxnf lx+;f ;DjGwL ljj/0fx?
tflnsf g+= 8.83M lguf/fgL ;d'x ;DaGwL ljj/0f
tflnsf g+= 8.84M dlxnf lx+;f ;DjGwL ph'/Lx?sf] ljj/0f
tflnsf g+=8.85M dlxnf lx+;f ;DjGwL ljj/0f
tflnsf g+=8.86M lhNnf ;]jf s]Gb| / ;fd'bflos ;]jf s]Gb| ;DaGwL ljj/0f
tflnsf g+=8.87M ;]jf s]G b|df ;]jf lnPsf dlxnf lx+;f ;DjGwL d'4fsf] ljj/0f
tflnsf g+= 8.88M n}ls lx+;f ;DaGwL ph'/L / sfjf{xLsf] l:ylt
tflnsf g+= 8.89M ;'/lIftcf>o:ynaf6 ;]jf k|fKt ug]{ 3/]n' lx+;f af6 k|efljtx?sf] ljj/0f
tlnsf g+= 8.90M 3/]n' afn>lds afnaflnsfsf] cj:yf
tflnsf g+=8.91M pd]/ ;d"x / lnsf] cfwf/df !^ jif{ d'lgsf afnaflnsfx?sf] a;fO{sf] cj:yf
tflnsf g+=9.1M ;Kt/L lhNnfsf] jgsf] cj:yf
tflnsf g+=9.2M jgsf] cj:yf
tflnsf g+=9.3M ;Kt/L lhNnfsf] jg clts|d0fsf] ljj/0f
tflnsf g+=9.4M jgsf] jflif{s ;+sng Ifdtfsf] cj:yf
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tflnsf
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g+=9.5M u}x| sfi7 jg k}bfjf/sf] Growingstock tyf jflif{s cg'dflgt pTkfbg kl/df0f
g+=9.6M 9'f, luL, tyf jfn'jf jflif{s ?kdf lgsfNg ;lsg] ljj/0f
g++=9.7M ;/sf/f/f Jojl:yt jgjf6 aflif{s ?kdf lgsfNg ;lsg] sf7sf] ljj/0f
g+=9.8M /fli6o=jgaf6 aflif{s ?kdf pTkfbg x'g ;Sg] hl8a'6L sf] kl/df0f
g+=9.9M cGo jg k}bfj/ ;+sngsf] ;+efJotf
g+=9.10M ;fd'bflos ag ;DjGwL ljj/0f
g+=9.11M jg k|zf;g;+u ;DalGwt ;+u7gfTds Joj:yf
g+=9.12M jg ljsf; ug'{kg]{ If]qx?
g+=9.13M ;ldnsf] uflj;ut / gu/kflnsfut ljj/0f
g+=9.14 M e";+/If0f ;DaGwL d'Vo d'Vo sfo{x? -ljut %jif{sf]_
g+=9.15M e"Ifo s6fgsf sf/0f k|efljt uflj;x?M
g+=9.16M ljkb\sf] P]ltxfl;s ;do /]v
g+=9.17M ljleGGf k|sf]kaf6 k|efljt uflj;x?
g+=10.1M zLif{sut /fhZj ;+sngsf] cj:yf -cf=a= @)^(/&)
g+=10.2M sfof{nout /fhZj ;+sngsf] cj:yf -cf=a= @)^(&)
g++=10.3M lhlj;sf] aflif{s cfo tyf Joo ljj/0f -?= xhf/df_
g++=10.4M lhlj;sf] cfGt/Ls >f]tsf] cfDbfgL ljj/0f -?= df_
g++=10.5M ljsf; ;fFem]bf/x?sf] ;xof]u -?= df_
g++=10.6M /fhZj afF8kmfF8 ;DjGwL ljj/0f -?= df_
g++=10.7M lhlj;sf] s'n cfo tyf Joosf] l:ylt -?= xhf/df_
g+=10.8M lhNnfdf lqmofl;n u};;x? / ltgLx?sf] sfo{If]q
g+=10.9M lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt ;Kt/Lsf] cfGtl/s 7]Ssf k6faf6 k|fKt /fh:j
g+=10.10M ;Kt/L lhlj;n] k|fKt u/]sf] cg'bfgsf] l:ylt -?= xhf/df_
g+=10.11M cf=a= @)^(&) df ;Kt/L lhlj;n] s'n vr{ -?= xhf/df_
g+=10.12M cf=a= @)^(&) df uflj;x?sf] cfo ljj/0f -?= xhf/df_
g+=10.13M cf=a= @)^(&) df ;Kt/L lhNnfsf uflj;x?sf] vr{ ljj/0f -?= xhf/df_
g+=10.14M cf=a= @)^(&) df /fhlj/fh gu/kflnsfsf] cfo ljj/0f -?= xhf/df_
g+=10.15M cf=a= @)^(&) df /fhlj/fh gu/kflnsfsf] vr{ ljj/0f -?= xhf/df_
g+=10.16M hg;xeflutf kl/rfngsf] cj:yf
g+=10.17M :yfgLo of]hgf k|lqmofdf afnaflnsfx?sf] ;xeflutf -cf=a= @)&)&!_
g+=10.18M lhNnfdf /x]sf ljifout lgsfox?sf] k"FhLut / rfn' ah]6sf] cj:yf cf=a= @)^( /&)
g+=10.19M cf=a= @)^*^( sf] Go"gtd ;t{ tyf sfo{;Dkfbg dfkgsf] glthf l:ylt
g+=10.20M cf=a= @)^(&) sf] Go"gtd ;t{ tyf sfo{;Dkfbg dfkg glthf
g+=10.21M b}ljk|sf]k ;DjGwL ljj/0f
g+=11.1M lhNnf:t/Lo cGt/lqmofaf6 klxrfg ePsf ;jfnx?
g+=11.2M ;d'x 5nkmnaf6 klxrfg ePsf ;jfnx?
g+= 11.3M afnaflnsfx?n] uflj; / gu/kflnsfut ?kdf dfu ePsf sfo{qmdx?
g+=11.4Mafnaflnsfx?n] AolQmut ?kdf dfu u/]sf sfo{qmdx?
g+=11.5M cj/f]w x6fpg l;kmfl/; ul/Psf cNksflng tyf lb3{sflng pkfox?
g+=11.6 M ;fdflhs ;'/Iff ;DjGwL vr{sf] ljj/0f -?= df_

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lrqx?
lrq
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g+=1M afnSnjdf ;dfj]lztfsf] cj:yf

g+=2M afnSnjsf] d'Vo d'Vo kbdf ;dfj]lztfsf] cj:yf
g+=3M j8f gful/s d~rsf] ;+u7gfTds ;+/rgf -k|ltztdf_
g++=4M gful/s ;r]tgf s]Gb|df k|ltlglwTj -k|ltztdf_
g+=5M ;fdflhs kl/rfngdf ;dfj]lztfsf] cj:yf -k|ltztdf_

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cg';"rLx?
cg';"rL1Mblnt afnaflnsfsf] nut ljj/0f, cf=j= )&))&!
cg';"rL2M eQf jf j[lQ kfpg] nlIft ;d"xsf] Psd'i 7 ljj/0f, cf=j=@)&))&!
cg';"rL3M ;+ljwfg;efsf dfggLo ;ef;b\Ho"x?sf] gfdfjnL

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zJb ;+If]k
cf=j=
p=df=lj=
qm=;+=
ls=ld=
s]=t=lj=
ls=u|f=
uf=lj=;=
u}=;=;+=
lh=lj=;=
g+=
lg=df=lj=
g]=a}=ln=
g]=;=
k|f=lj=
df=lj=
d]=6=
x]=
/f=jf=a}=
?=

M
M
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cfly{s jif{
pRr dfWolds ljBfno
qmd ;+Vof
lsnf] ld6/
s]Gb|Lo tYof ljefu
lsnf] u|fd
ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt
u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yf
lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt
gDa/
lgDg dfWolds ljBfno
g]kfn a}+s lnld6]8
g]kfn ;/sf/
k|fylds ljBfno
dfWolds ljBfno
d]l6s 6g
x]S6/
/fli6o jfl0fHo a}+s
?k}of

xiii

k|sfzsLo
d'n's ;+3Lo u0ftGqfTds /fHo Joj:yfdf k|j]z u/]sf] kl/jlt{t ;Gbe{df :yfgLo ;]jf ;'ljwfnfO{
hgd'vL, ;dfj]zL / ;xeflutfd"ns agfpg ljs]lGb|s/0fsf] dfWodaf6 zf;g Joj:yfdf hgtfsf]
kx'Fr clea[l4 ug{, :yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g P]g, @)%% tyf lgodfjnLdf, @)%^ n] k|;:t
cj;/x?sf] l;h{gf u/]sf] 5 . :yfgLo lgsfox?n]] cfgf] sfo{ If]qleqsf] j:t'ut ljj/0f tyf >f]t
gSzf tof/ u/L glthfdfd"ns of]hgfx?sf] th'{df, >f]t kl/rfng, of]hgfsf] sfof{Gjogsf] ;fy}
cg'udg tyf d'Nofgsf] sfo{ ug'{ kb{5 . ;"rgfdf cfwfl/t of]hgf th'{df, sfof{Gjog, cg'udg
tyf d'Nofg k|lqmofnfO{ :yfgLo lgsfox?sf] Go"gtd zt{ tyf sfo{ ;Dkfbg dfkgsf] ;"rssf]
?kdf /fvL To;}sf] d"Nofgsf] cfwf/df :yfgLo lgsfox?nfO{ ;zt{ tyf lgzt{ cg'bfg k|bfg ug]{
k|0ffnLsf] ;d]t ljsf; eO{ ;s]sf] 5 . o; tYonfO{ dgg u/L lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt ;Kt/Ln]
:yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g P]g tyf lgdofjnLn] tf]s]adf]lhd :yfgLo tx -uflj; / lhNnf_ sf
cfjZos ;a} ;"rgfx? ;+sng u/L lhNnfsf] j:t'ut ljj/0f emNsg] u/L of] lhNnf kfZj{lrq
(District Profile)tof/ u/]sf] 5 .
;Kt/L lhNnfsf] j:t'l:ylt ljj/0f tof/ ug{ d'VotM l4lto ;"rgfx?nfO{ cfwf/ dflgPsf] 5 .
lhNnf ljsf; Joj:yfkgsf nflu cfjZos Go'gtd ;"rgf ;lxtsf] of] lhNnf kfZj{lrq lhNnf
ljsf; ;ldlt dxf;+3 g]kfnsf] k|fljlws ;xof]udf tof/ ul/Psf] xf] . o;df ePsf ljj/0fn]
lhNnf ljsf;sf ;f]bf/x? tyf ;/f]sf/jfnfx?nfO{ ljsf;sf ultljlw ;~rfng ug{ cfjZos kg]{
of]hgfx?sf] th'{df, sfof{Gjog, cg'udg / d'Nofg sfo{df ;xof]u k'Ug] ck]Iff ul/Psf] 5 .
o;nfO{ c k"0f{ agfpg, cBfjlws ug{ / clwsflws dfqfdf k|of]udf Nofpg ;a}
;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] ;xof]u ckl/xfo{ ePsf] s'/fdf lhlj; ;Kt/L ljZj:t /x]sf] 5 .
o; j:t'l:ylt ljj/0f tof/ ug{ / o; cj:yfdf Nofpg cfcfgf] If]q / tkm{af6 ;xof]u ug]{
/fli6o of]hgf cfof]u, ;+3Lo dfldnf tyf :yfgLo ljsf; dGqfno, lhNnfl:yt /fhgLlts bnsf
k|d'v tyf k|ltlglwx?, ljifout sfof{nosf k|d'v tyf k|ltlglwx?, u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yf, gLlh If]q
tyf gful/s ;dfhsf k|ltlglwx? lhlj;sf kbflwsf/L tyf sd{rf/Lx?k|lt lhlj; ;Kt/L xflb{s
cfwf/ JoQm ub{5 ;fy} wGojfb 1fkg ub{5 . ;fy} ljleGg r/0fdf Onfsf tyf lhNnf:t/Lo
cGt/lqmof sfo{qmddf ;xefuL e} cd"No ;'emfjx? pknJw u/fpg' x'g] ;a} ;xefuLx? vf; u/L
afnaflnsf, dlxnf, k5fl8 k/]sf tyf kfl/Psf ;d'bfox?, ckftf ePsf AolQmx?, cflbjf;L
hghftL ;a}nfO{ xflb{s wGojfb lbb} ;"rgfdf cfwfl/t glhtfd"ns of]hgf th'{df, sfof{Gjog,
cg'udg / d"Nofg h:tf sfo{qmddf ;d]t ;a}sf] pT;fxhgs ;xeflutf / ;xof]u k|fKt x'g]
s'/fdf lhlj; ;Kt/Ln] k"0f{ ljZjf; AoQm ub{5 . k"j{tof/L sfo{zfnfb]lv tYof ;+sng / ljZn]if0f
u/L lhNnf kfZj{lrq tof/ ug{ k|fljlws ;xof]u ug'{ x'g] lhlj; dxf;+3 g]kfnsf sfo{sf/L
dxf;lrj >L x]d/fh nfld5fg], ;|f]t AolQm >L lai0f' k|;fb g]kfn nofot lhlj; dxf;+3 g]kfnsf
sd{rf/L ;fyLx?k|lt lhlj; ;Kt/L xflb{s cfef/ AoQm ub{5 . +;fy} o; sfo{nfO{ ;kmn kfg{
cfjZos cfly{s tyf k|fljlws ;xof]u k'ofpg] o"lg;]km g]kfn / oxfF sfo{/t ;a} k|f]km];gn
sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ lhlj; ;Kt/L ljz]if wGojfb 1fkg ub{5 .
o; jl:t'l:ylt ljj/0f tof/Lsf] nflu lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt ;Kt/Lsf sd{rf/L ;fyLx?af6 tYof
;+sng tyf Onfsf tyf lhNnf:t/Lo cGt/lqmof sfo{qmdx?df v]n]sf] e"ldsfsf] pRr ;Ddfg ub}{
wGojfb lbg rfxG5' .
:yfgLo ljsf; clwsf/L
lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt
;Kt/L, /fhlj/fh
@)&! c;f/
xiv

lhNnfsf] ;+lIfKt kl/ro

ef}uf]lns
k"j{
klZrd
pQ/
blIf0f
cIff+z
b]zfGt/
prfO{

l:ylt
M ;'g;/L
M l;/fxf
M pbok'/
M ef/t
M @^)=@% b]lv @^)=$& pQ/
M *^)=@* b]lv *&)=& k"j{
M ;d'Gb| ;txaf6 ^! ld6/ b]lv #)%
ld6/
hg;+Vof -2068 sf] hgu0fgf cg';f/_
dlxnf M #,@%,$#* hgf -%)=(!_
k'?if M #,!#,*$^ hgf -$(=)(_
hDdf M ^,#(,@*$ hgf -!)) k|ltzt_
3/w'/L ;+Vof M !,@!,)(*
;/b/ kl/jf/ cfsf/ M %=@*
hg;+Vof jflif{s a[l4b/ M !=!$
n}ls cg'kft -k|lt !)) dlxnfdf k'?ifsf] ;+Vof M
(^=$$
Psn dlxnf M !),@@^ -!=% k|ltzt_ hgf
hg3gTj k|lt ju{ ls=dL= M $^(
kfFr jif{d'lgsf] afnaflnsfsf] ;+Vof M ^#,@%&(=*(_ hgf
ckftf ePsf hg;+Vof M *,)$$ hgf
lszf]/ lszf]/L o'jf hg;+Vof -!) b]lv rf}la; jif{_
M !,(#,*@! -#)=#@_ hgf
cfly{s ?kn] lqmoflzn hg;+Vof -!% b]lv %( jif{_
M #,%%,)!$ hgf -%%=%%_
dfgj ljsf; ;"rsf+s M )=$(*
:jf:Yo ;+:yfsf] l:ylt
ljj/0f
;+Vof
c+rn c:ktfn
!
lhNnf hg :jf:Yo sfof{no
!
k|fylds :jf:Yo s]Gb|
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:jf:Yo rf}ls
#)
pk :jf:Yo rf}ls
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dlxnf :jf:Yo :jo+;]ljsf
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lhNnf cfo'{j]b sfof{no
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cfo'{j]lbs cf}ifwfno
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cf+vf c:ktfn lghL
!
k|;'tL s]Gb|sf] ;+Vof
@!

/fhg}lts tyf k|zf;lgs ljefhg

ljsf; If]q
M k"jf{~rn ljsf; If]q
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M ;Kt/L
;+;bLo lgjf{rg If]q M ^
Onfsf If]q ;+Vof
M !&
uflj; ;+Vof
M ((
gu/kflnsf ;+Vof
M #
z}lIfs l:ylt M
k|f=lj= tx
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pRr df=lj=
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ljz]if lzIffsf sIff
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dlxnf

e"pkof]uM
s'n v]tLof]Uo hldg
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eL6 tkm{
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M 481
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M 54=00 k|ltzt
M65=00 k|l tzt
M43=00 k|ltzt

M *!,^^&=*( x]=
M &@,$*@=$% x]=
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cfly{s l:ylt
jflif{s k|ltJolQm cfoM? #%,*#* -$(^ cd]l/sg
8n/_

xv

1.

v08!M e"ldsfkl/ro

!=! e"ldsfkl/ro
:yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g P]g, @)%% / :yfgLo zf;g lgodfjnL, @)%^ df k|To]s lhNnf
ljsf; ;ldltn] cfgf] lhNnfsf] ljsf;sf] nflu sDtLdf kfFr jif{sf] nflu cfjlws lhNnf
ljsf; of]hgf agfpg' kg]{ sfg'gL k|fjwfg u/]sf] 5 . ;Kt/L lhNnfsf] cfjlws lhNnf ljsf;
of]hgf -cflhljof]_ lgdf{0fsf] k|of]hgsf]nflu klxnf] efusf ?kdf of] lhNnf kfZj{lrq
(District Profile) tof/ ul/Psf] 5 . s'g} klg 7fpFsf] j:t'l:ylt ljZn]if0f ug{, To;sf] dxTj
a'em\g / lasf;sf] ;DefAotf cWoog ug{ ;lx ;"rgf tyf tYofx?n] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf
v]Nb5g . lhNnfsf] ;"rgf tyf tYofx?nfO{ Jojl:yt 9+un] ;+sng tyf k|;f]wg u/L k|To]s
ljifout sfof{no / u}/ ;/sf/L ;+3;+:yfx?sf] tYout l:ylt emNsfpg] ul/ tof/ ul/Psf]
b:tfj]h g} lhNnf kfZj{lrq xf] . o;n] lhNnfsf] ;fdflhs, cfly{s, hg;+Vof ;DaGwL
ljj/0fsf ;fy} s[lif, jg, kz', :jf:Yo, lzIff, ;8s, vfg]kfgL, ;+rf/, ljB't, l;+rfO{ cflbsf]
l:ylt emNsfpFb5 . h;nfO{ lhNnf ljsf;sf] Go'gtd zt{sf] ?kdf lng] ul/G5 / o;}sf]
cfwf/df g} ljleGg r/0fx? kf/ ub}{ bf]>f] efusf] ?kdf cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgfcflhljof]_ tof/ ul/g]5 . ;f/df eGg' kbf{ s'g} klg lhNnf kfZj{lrqsf] d'Vo sfd eg]sf]
To; lhNnfsf] cfly{s Pj+ ef}lts ljsf;sf] ;fy} ;fdflhs Pj+ ;f+:s[lts cj:yfnfO{ cjut
u/fpg' xf] h'g cflhljof] tof/Lsf] nflu cToGt dxTjk"0f{ x'G5 . To;}n] o;nfO{ of]hgf th'{df
k|lqmofsf] husf] ?kdf lng] ul/G5 .
!=@ p4]Zox?
of] lhNnf kfZj{lrq d"ntM ;Kt/L lhNnfsf] cfufdL % jif{ -cf=j= @)&@&#@)&^&&_ sf]
cflhljof] th'{df ug{sf nflu j:t'ut cfwf/ / ;"rgf ;[hgf ug]{ ;Gbe{df tof/ ul/Psf] xf] .
o;sf cltl/Qm of] lhNnf kfZj{lrq lgdf{0f ug'{sf] lgDg p4]:ox? /x]sf 5g\ .
lhNnfsf] af/]df ;fdfGo hfgsf/L u/fpg] .
lhNnfsf] ;|f]t ;fwgx?sf] ;di7Lut ljj/0f k|:t't ug]{ .
lhNnfsf] ;fdflhs cfly{s Pj+ ef}lts cj:yfnfO{ phfuf/ ug]{ .
bL3{sflng of]hgf / gLltlgdf{0fsf] sfdnfO{ cfwf/ k|bfg ug]{ .
lhNnfsf] ;DefJotf / ;d:ofx?sf] cjut u/fpg] .
!=# cWoog ljlw
o; lhNnf kfZj{lrq lhNnf ul/jL cg'udg k|0ffnL (DPMAS),lhNnfl:yt ljifout
sfof{nox?sf] jflif{s k|ltj]bg, lhlj;sf lgoldt k|sfzg tyf jflif{s k|ltj]bgx?,
uflj;x?af6 ;+slnt tYofx? / O{nfsf :t/Lo tyf lhNnf:t/Lo sfo{zfnf uf]i7Lx?af6
;++slnt ;"rgfx?df cfwfl/t /x]sf] 5 . /fli6o of]hgf cfof]un] tof/ u/]sf] lgb]{lzsfn]
dfu{lgb]{z u/]sf] k|s[of cjnDjg ul/ of] lhNnf kfZj{lrq lgdf{0f ul/Psf] x'gfn] pQm
lgb]{lzsfn] ;dfj]z ug{' kg]{ egL cf+}NofPsf ljifo j:t'x?nfO{ tYodf cfwfl/t eO{ ;Dej eP
;Dd ;d]6\g] k|of; ul/Psf] 5 . :yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g P]g, @)%% sf] bkmf !(( cg';f/
lhNnfsf] a:t'ut tYof ;+sng u/L lhNnfsf] a:t'l:ylt b]lvg] u/L ;|f]t gS;fx? ;d]t
tof/ ul/Psf] 5 . of] lhNnf kfZj{lrq tof/ ubf{ lgDg k|so[ fx? cjnDjg ul/Psf] 5 .
1

-!_ ;Kt/L lhNnfsf] bf];|f] cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf th'{dfsf nflu lhNnf ljsf;
;ldlt ;Kt/Lsf] @)&)&! sf] ldlt @)^( kmfu'g @( ut]sf] !( cf}F lhNnf kl/ifbsf]
lg0f{oadf]lhd @)&) ;fn efb| !* / !( ut] k"j{ tof/L sfo{zfnf uf]i7L cfof]hgf
ul/Psf] lyof] . h;df s_ cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf th'{dfsf] cfjZostf /
cf}lrTo, dxTjk"0f{ kIfx? / k|lqmofx?, v_ afnaflnsfdf nufgLsf] dxTj, u_ afnd}qL
:yfgLo zf;g ;DaGwL /fli6o cjwf/0ff, 3_ hnjfo' kl/jt{g cg's"ng tyf ljkb
Joj:yfkg, / _ n}+ls ;dfgtf / ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f h:tf ljifox? / lhNnf
kfZj{ lrqsf nflu cfjZos kg]{ ;"rgfx? ;+sng ug]{ 9fFrfsf af/]df 5nkmn ul/Psf]
lyof] . ;f] sfo{sf nflu ;+3Lo dfldnf tyf :yfgLo ljsf; dGqfno, lhNnf ljsf;
;ldlt ;Kt/L, o'lg;]km g]kfn / lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt dxf;+3af6 k|:t'lts/0fu/L ;f]
dfly 5nkmn ul/Psf] lyof] . ;f] sfo{qmddf /fhgLlts bnx?, ljifout sfof{nox?,
;'/Iff lgsfox?, lghL If]q, ljlQo If]q, u}/;/sf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx?, uflj; ;lrjx?,
gful/s ;dfh nufot If]qaf6 !#) hgf ljsf; ;fFem]bf/ ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfosf k|d'v
tyf k|ltlglwx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] .
-@_ lhNnf kfZj{ lrq lgdf{0f / cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]hgf th'{df sfo{nfO{ ;/;NNffx
k|bfg ug{, gLltut lg0f{ox? ug{ / cfjZos ;|f]t ;fwgsf] Joj:yfkg ug{ :yfgLo
ljsf; clwsf/Lsf] ;+of]hsTjdf /fhgLlts bn nufot ljifout sfof{nox? / gful/s
;dfhsf k|ltlglwx?;dfj]z ePsf] Ps lgb]{zs ;ldltsf] u7g ul/of] . ;f] ;ldltdf
;b:o ;lrjsf] ?kdfof]hgf cg'udg tyf k|zf;sLo clws[tnfO{ tf]lsPsf] lyof] .
-#_ lhNnf kfZj{lrq / cflhljof] th'{dfsf nflu b]xfocg';f/sf] ljifout ;d'xx? u7g u/L
sfo{ lhDd]jf/L lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] lyof] .
-$_ al/i7 s[lif ljsf; clws[tsf] ;+of]hsTjdf s[lif, pBf]u, Jofkf/ / ;]jf, ko{6g, >d,
/f]huf/L, kz' ljsf;, lhNnf cy{tGq tyf ul/jL l:ylt, a}+ls If]q cflb nufot
/fhlglts bnx? Pg]skf dfcf]jfbL, ;b\efjgf kf6L{, /fli6o k|hftGq kf6L{, blnt
hghflt kf6L{, g]skf ;+o'St /x]sf] cfly{s ljsf; ;d"xu7g ul/Psf] lyof] .
-%_ lhNnf lzIff clwsf/Lsf] ;+of]hsTjdf lzIff, :jf:Yo, ;fdflhs sNof0f, dlxnf tyf
afnaflnsf ljsf;, pk]lIft, pTkLl8t, blnt l:ylt, v]ns'b, /IffTds ;]jf, ;fd'bflos
;d"x ljsf;, vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO{ cflb nufot /fhlglts bnx? g]kfnL sf+u|];,
g]skf dfn], dw]zL hgclwsf/ kmf]/d nf]stflGqs, g]kfnL hgtf bn, kl/jf/ bn
/x]sf];fdflhs ljsf; ;d"xu7g ul/Psf] lyof] .
-^_ ejg, cfjf; l8lehg sfof{nosf k|d'vsf] ;+of]hsTjdf ;8s oftfoft, ;~rf/, l;+rfO{,
ljh'nL, j}slNks phf{, ;fj{hlgs lgdf{0f cflb nufot /fhlglts bnx? g]skf Pdfn],
g]skf PsLs[t, ;+3Lo nf]stflGqs /fli6o d~r, g]skf dfcf]jfbL, tdnf]kf g]kfn /x]sf]
ef}lts k"jf{wf/ ljsf; ;d"xu7g ul/Psf] lyof] .
-&_ lhNnf ag sfof{nosf k|d'vsf] ;+of]hsTjdf hg;+Vof, zx/Ls/0f, j:tLljsf;, ef}uf]lns
tyf ef}lts l:ylt, e"Ifo, jg, jftfj/0f Joj:yfkg, ef}uf]lns ;"rgf k|0ffnL cflb;d]t
/fhlglts bnx?dw]zL hgclwsf/ kmf]/d g]kfn, ;dfhjfbL hgtf kf6L{, g]kfn
nf]stflGqs ;dfhjfbL bn, g]kfn dhb'/ ls;fg kf6L{, g]skf dfn] ;dfhjfbL /x]sf]
jftfj/0f tyf ljkb\ Joj:yfkg ;d"x u7g ul/Psf] lyof] .
2

-*_ lhNnf kz' ;]jf sfof{nosf k|d'vsf] +;o+ f]hsTjdf ;+:yfut ;dGjo tyf ;~hfn, ;|f]t,
kl/rfng tyf k|If]k0f, hg;xeflutf kl/rfng, cg'udg tyf d"Nofsg, ;+u7gfTds
ljsf;, ljsf; Joj:yfkg cflb nufot /fhlglts bnx?t/fO{ dw]z nf]stflGqs kf6L{,
dw]zL hgclwsf/ kmf]/d u0ftflGqs, ;+3Lo ;b\efjgf kf6L{, /fli6o dw]z ;dfhjfbL
kf6L{, ;+3Lo ;dfhjfbL kf6L{ g]kfn /x]sf] ;+:yfut ;|f]t tyf Ifdtf ljsf; ;d"xu7g
ul/Psf] lyof] .
-(_ lhNnf kfZj{lrq / cflhljof] th'{dfsf nflu u7g ul/Psf] lgb]{zs ;ldltsf] dftxt /xL
sfo{ ug]{ u/L of]hgf cg'udg tyf k|;fzsLo clws[t, sfo{qmd clws[t,o'lg;]km
g]kfnsf k|ltlglw / o'PgPkmkLPsf k|ltlglw /x]sf] Ps :yfgLo k|fljlws sfo{bn u7g
ul/Psf] lyof] .
-!)_ b'O{ lbg] k"j{ of]hgf th'{df sfof{zfnfsf] cfof]hgf u/L lhNnfsf ;a} ljsf;
;Ffem]bf/x?;Fu cGt/lqmof u/L lhNnf kfZj{lrq tof/ ug{sf nflu cfjZos kg]{
;"rgfx? ;+sng ug{sf nflu tof/ ul/Psf] d:of}bf km/d]6 tyf r]slni6 d:of}bf tof/
ug]{ / ltgLx?s} ;xfotfaf6 ljleGg >f]tx?af6 ;"rgf ;+sng ug]{, k'/fgf] lhNnf
kfZj{lrq, lhNnfl:yt ljifout sfof{nox?sf jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bgx? / lhNnfdf
sfo{/t /x]sf ljsf; ;fem]bf/x? / :yfgLo u};; jf gful/s ;+3;+:yfx?sf] k|ult
k|ltj]bgx?sf] ;+sng tyf cWoog ug]{ sfo{ ul/of] .
-!!_ To; kl5 lhNnfsf] ;Gbe{ cg';f/sf] tflnsf tyf vfsfx? tof/ u/L ;"rgf ;+sng
ul/of] / lt ;"rgfx?nfO{ ef}uf]lns ;"rgf k|0ffnL (GIS) df / ljifout cfwf/df
;DalGwt lgsfox?sf ljifout ljz]if1x?af6 k|f/lDes ljZn]if0f ug]{ sfd ul/of] .
-!@_ dlxnf, afnaflnsf, blnt / ckftf ePsf ju{x?sf] ;jfnx?, ;d:ofx? / r'gf}tLx?sf
af/]df Onfsf / lhNnf :t/df cGt/lqmof sfo{qmdx?sf] cfof]hgf u/L pgLx?sf]
;jfnx? ;+sng ul/of] .
-!#_ ;+ljwfg;efdf k|ltlglwTj ug'{ x'g] dfggLo ;b:oHo"x?;Fu sf7df08f}+df cGt/lqmof
sfo{qmd u/L cflhljof] tof/Lsf af/]df hfgsf/L lbg] / ;'emfjx? ;+sng ug]{ sfo{
;d]t ul/of] .
-!$_@)&! c;f/ !% / !^ ut] lhNnfsf ;a} ;/f]sf/jfnfx? ;dIf d:of}bf kfZj{ 5nkmnsf
k]z ul/of] . ;f] d:of}bf kfZj{ lrqdf ;xefuLx?af6 ;'emfjx? k|fKt ul/of] . tL
;'emfjx?nfO{ ;d]t ;dfj]z u/L kfZj{lrqsf] clGtd ?k lbg] u/L ;xefuLx?af6 kfZj{
lrq cg'df]bg ug]{ sfd eof] .
-!%_ cGtdf, d:of}bf kfZj{lrqnfO{ lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt ;Kt/Ln] ;d]t ;+:yfut ?kdf
cg'df]bg u/L ;fj{hlgs ug]{ sfd u/]sf] 5 .

!=$ cWoog ;Ldf

lhNnfsf ljleGg ;/sf/L tyf u}/;/sf/L sfof{no / ;+3 ;+:yfx?af6 k|fKt tYof, s]Gb|Lo
tYof ljefusf k|sfzgx?, uflj; / gkfaf6 k|fKt tYof, ljleGg dGqfnox?, ljefux?,
g]kfn /fi6 a}s nufot cGo ljleGg dGqfno tyf ljefusfx?sf j]j;fO{6 cflbsf] tYofLo
cfwf/sf] ;Ldfdf /xL of] j:t'ut ljj/0f tof/ ul/Psf] 5 .
lhNnf l:yt ljifout sfof{nox?4f/f pknJw u/fO{Psf] / ;DjlGwt sfof{nosf lhDDf]jf/
kbflwsf/Lx?;Fusf] cGt/lqmofaf6 klg cfjZos ;"rgfx? ;+sng ul/Psf] 5 . ;Kt/L
lhNnfsf] ljutsf] -@)^#_ sf] kfZj{lrqaf6 sltko dxTjk"0f{ ;"rgfx? ;+sng ul/Psf] 5 . ,
lhNnf j:t'ut ljj/0f tof/ ubf{ k|of]u ul/Psf tYofx?sf] >f]t / cfwf/ aif{ v'nfpg]
clwstd\ k|oTg ul/Psf] 5 .

2.

v08@M lhNnfsf] ef}uf]lus tyf ef}lts l:ylt lrq0f

@=! ;Kt/L lhNnfsf] ;+lIfKt /fhgLlts Oltxf;

!)(& O{= lt/ lt/x't /fHosf] /fhwfgL l;d/f}gu9df lyof] . kl5 of] /fHo blIf0f ef/taf6
cfPsf] sgf{6j+zL /fhf gfGo b]jsf] lgoGq0fdf cfPsf] s'/f Oltxf;sf/x?n] dfg]sf 5g\. lt/x't
efiff / ;+:s[ltsf] ljsf; / k|efjnfO{ x]bf{ k"j{lt/ sd;]sd jt{dfg ;Kt/L lhNnf;Dd lt/x't
/fHo km}lnPsf] x'g' k5{ . sgf{6j+zL /fhfx?sf] lt/x't /fHodf !#@$ O{= ;Dd lgoGq0f /x]sf]
b]lvG5 . ;f]xL j+zsf clGtd /fhf xl/l;+x b]j l;d/f}gu9 5f]8L sf7df8f}+ pkTosflt/ efUg afWo
eP -lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt ;Kt/L, ;Kt/L lhNnf kfZj{lrq, @)^)_.
d';ndfgx?sf] xdnf kl5 of] If]q s'g} alnof] zf;ssf] xft gk/]sf] / ;fgf ;fgf :jtGq
/hf}6fx?sf] lgoGq0fdf /x]sf] b]lvG5 . kfNkfsf] /fhf d's'Gb ;]gsf] k"jL{ t/fO{ ljho ug]{ cleofg
cGtu{t pgs} sfG5f 5f]/f nf]xf;]gn] jt{dfg ;Kt/L lhNnf / jl/kl/ xdnf u/L sAhf u/]sf
lyP . t/ o; ljhosf] lglZrt ldlt kQf nfUg ;s]sf] 5}g . t/ o; cjlwdf d's'Gb ;]g lhljt}
/x]sf] x'Fbf of] ljho O{= !%!*!%%# sf] cjlwleq ePsf] xf] cg'dfg 5 -lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt
;Kt/L, ;Kt/L lhNnf kfZj{lrq, @)^)_ .
/fhf d's'Gb ;]g cfgf] a'9];sfndf cfgf] ljzfn /fHonfO{ 5f]/f, gflt / elthfx?df efu nufO{
lb+bf pgsf sfG5f 5f]/f nf]xf ;]gsf] clwgdf pgn] lht]sf] e"efu kg{ uof] . nf]xf ;]g kl5
logsf ;Gtfg alnof] /fhf x'g ;s]gg\ . cfk;L snxn] of] /fHo ;;fgf /fHodf 6'lqmof] /
PskN6 o; /fHosf] Pp6f 7"nf] e"efu k"l0f{ofsf] gjfasf] cwLgdf ;d]t kg{ uPsf] lyof] .
k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxn] g]kfnsf] PsLs/0f k|f/De ug'{ eGbf cl3;Dd sf]zLb]lv klZrdsf] k;f{
lhNnf;Dd dsjfgk'/ /fHo z'e ;]gsf 5f]/f dflgs ;]g /fhf lyP . csf]{lt/, sf]zLb]lv
l6:6f;Ddsf] ljhok'/sf] /fhf z'e ;]gsf] 5f]/f dlxklt ;]g lyP -lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt ;Kt/L,
;Kt/L lhNnf kfZj{lrq, @)^)_.
ljhok'/ /fHosf /fhf dlxklt ;]g d/]kl5 pgs} 5f]/f sfdbQ ;]g /fhf lyP . t/ sfdbQ ;]g
;kmn /fhf x'g ;s]g . dGqL ljlrq /fO{n] dflgs ;]gsf dflxnf 5f]/f hut ;]gnfO{ ljhok'/sf]
klg /fhf agfP . hut ;]g lgM;Gtfg ePsf]n] logL kl5 rf}b08L, l;/xf / ;Kt/L Onfsfsf]
/fHodf logsf efO{ ljqmd ;]g / tL kl5 pgs} 5f]/f s0f{ ;]g /fhf ePlhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt
;Kt/L, ;Kt/L lhNnf kfZj{lrq, @)^) .
To;}avt uf]vf{nL kmf}h sf7df8f}+ pkTosfsf] ljhokl5 sf]zL If]qsf] ljho ug{ k"j{lt/ nflu
;s]sf lyP . k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxn] jVzL cledfg l;+x a:GoftnfO{ rf}b08Ldf clwsf/ ug{ v6fP .
t/ ls/ft k|b]z ljho geP;Dd blIf0f a9\g' pko'Qm g7fgL pgnfO{ dsjfgk'/df tof/ eO{ a:g
cfb]z lbP -lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt ;Kt/L, ;Kt/L lhNnf kfZj{lrq, @)^)_ .
;/bf/ /fds[i0f s'Fj/sf] g]t[Tjdf uPsf] kmf}h km]a|'c/L !&&# ;Dddf c?0fsf] lsgf/;Dd k'u]kl5
@& d], !&&# df k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxn] ef/tsf ue{g/ hg/n jf/]g x]l:+6U;nfO{ sfdbQ ;]gnfO{
if8oGq u/L xTof u/]sf] / ljhok'/ / cDa/k'/ -jt{dfg l;/xf / ;Kt/L_ dfly cj}w ?kdf
5

clwsf/ hgdfO{ /fv]sf] x'Fbf a[4 s0f{ /fO{;Fu abnf lng kmf}h k7fpb} 5', pQm k|b]z cfg}
sAhfdf lng;s] ;fljs adf]lhd gh/fgf k7fpg] 5' eGg] a]xf]/fsf] kq cfgf jlsnx?sf] xft
lbO{ k7fP -lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt ;Kt/L, @)^)_. t/ pQm kqsf] pQ/ k|fKt x'g' cl3 g} cledfg
l;+x a:Goftsf] g]t[Tjdf uf]vf{nL kmf}h rf}b08L ljhosf] nflu cuf8L a9\of] . rf}b08L / To;sf
t/fO{ efu h;df ;Kt/L / l;/xf kb{5g\ !^ h'nfO{ !&&# df uf]vf{nL kmf}hsf] xft kof] /
ToxfFsf /fhf s0f{ ;]g efu]/ df]/ cfP -lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt ;Kt/L, ;Kt/L lhNnf kfZj{lrq,
@)^) _.
pko'{Qm @& d], !&&# sf] kqsf] gsf/fTds pQ/ k|fKt gePsf] / #) cS6f]a/ !&&# sf] kqdf
ueg{/ hg/nn] tkfO{n] k7fPsf kqsf ljifodf cfjZos sfo{jfxL ug]{5' eGg] n]v]sf]af6
k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxsf] cfb]zdf cledfg l;+x a:Goftn] zq' kIfdf /fd|f] tof/L gePsf] / dWo
jiff{bsf] ofdkf/L !& h'nfO{, !&&$ df ljhok'/ pk/ xdnf u/]/ Tof] /fHo klg cfgf] xft kf/] .
of] ljhokl5 c+u|]hx?n] ldqtf sfod /fVg egL ljhok'/ / cDa/k'/ Onfsfaf6 kmf}h x6fpg
cfu|x u/] / to/ uf]vf{nLx?n] sdjfgk'/ cflbsf ljifodf a'emfpb} cfP em} oL Onfsfsf ljifodf
klg dfnu'hf/L a'emfpg tof/ ePsf[n] oL Onfsf uf]vf{nLx?sf] clwsf/df cfP/ Oi6 OlG8of
sDkgLnfO{ s'g} lsl;dsf] xfgL 5}g eGg] hjfkm lbP . o;k|sf/ ljjfb rNb} /x]klg rf}b08L
/fHosf] dftxtdf /x]sf] ;Kt/L Onfsf ;g\ !&&# b]lv g]kfn clw/fHosf] Ps efusf] ?kdf
ufleof] -lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt ;Kt/L, ;Kt/L lhNnf kfZj{lrq, @)^) _.
kl5 !*!$ O{= df Oi6 OlG8of sDkgL;Fu n8fO{sf sltko sf/0fx?dWo] oL Onfsfx? pk/
s;sf] lgoGq0f /xg] eGg] s'/f klg b]lvg cfPsf] 5 . @* gf]e]Da/, !*!% df c+u|]hx?n] /fv]sf]
;GwL k|:tfjsf] zt{df oL t/fO{ k|b]z pk/ sDkgLs} clwsf/ dfGg' kg]{ / o; jfkt g]kfnnfO{
jflif{s @ nfv ltg]{ / cf}+nf]n] u|:t of] If]q cfgf] lgoGq0fdf lnO{ kl5;Dd slr+un /fvL
a'l4dfgL b]v]gg\ / pQm If]q g]kfns} ;Ldf leq kfg]{ / aflif{s @ nfv lbg' gkg]{ u/L ;GwLdf
;+zf]wg ug{ dfg]. o; k|sf/ ;g\ !*!^ kl5 dfq jt{dfg ;Kt/L lhNnf / jl/kl/sf t/fO{
lhNnfx? g]kfnsf] k"0f{ clwsf/df cfPsf] xf] -lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt ;Kt/L, ;Kt/L lhNnf
kfZj{lrq, @)^)_ .
sf]zL gbLsf] af9Ln] w]/} b'Mv lbg] u/]sf]n] ;Ktsf]zLnfO{ ;ft zq' cyjf ;Kt/L c/L -;Kt/L_ sf]
cke|+zaf6 of] lhNnfsf] gfd ;Kt/L /xg uPsf] eGg] ls+jblGt 5-lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt ;Kt/L,
;Kt/L lhNnf kfZj{lrq, @)^)_.
csf{ y/Lsf ljfgx?sf cg';f/ ;Kt n] ;ft / t/L n] jgh+unn] 9flsPsf] If]qsf] af]w
u/fpF5 . ;dtn e"lddf kfOg] k|z:t jgh+un / r'/] kxf8sf] cGt o;} If]qdf x'g] ePsf]n] ;Kt
t/L nfO{ sfnfGt/df ;Kt/L eGg yflnof] . o:t} ;Kt sf] cy{ ;ft / t/L eGgfn] pAhfp
e"ld sf] ?kdf klg ;Kt/Lsf] gfdfs/0f ePsf] cg'>'lt 5 . ljleGg k|sf/sf km;nsf] pkh x'g]
ePsf]n] o; If]qnfO{ ;Kt/L eGg yflnPsf] ls+jblGt 5 -lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt ;Kt/L, ;Kt/L
lhNnf kfZj{lrq, @)^)_ .
s]xL ljfgx?sf cg';f/ w'gL jgdf ;ft Clifx? cfP/ tk:of ub{y] . tL ;KtClifsf] tkf]e"ld
o; If]qnfO{ sfnfGt/df ;Kt/L eGg yfNof] . w'gLjg ;Kt/L s} Pp6f dxTjk"0f{ wfld{s :yn lyof]
6

. k~rfotsfndf ;Kt/Lsf sf]zL kfl/sf If]qx?nfO{ ;'g;/Ldf uflePkl5 w'gLjg klg ;'g;/L
lhNnfdf kg{ uof] -lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt ;Kt/L, ;Kt/L lhNnf kfZj{lrq, @)^)_ .
@=@ ef}uf]lns cjl:ylt, l;dfgf tyf /fhgLlts / k|zf;lgs ljefhg
l;dfgf
o; lhNnfsf] k"j{df ;'g;/L, klZrddf l;/xf, pQ/df pbok'/ / blIf0fdf ef/tsf] ljxf/ /fHosf]
;'kf}n / dw'jgL lhNnf kb{5g\ . ;Kt/L lhNnfsf] ef}uf]lns l;dfgf o;k|sf/ 5 M pQ/df r'/]
kj{tsf] kfgL 9nf], klZrddf jnfg gbL / k"j{df sf]zL gbL kb{5g\ . t/ blIf0fdf s'g} k|fs[lts
l;dfgf 5}g .
If]qkmn / ef}uf]lns l:ylt
s'n !#^# ju{ lsnf]ld6/ If]qkmn cf]u6]sf] of] lhNnf ;d'Gb| ;txaf6 ^! ld6/ -@)) lkm6_ b]lv
#)% ld6/ -!))) lkm6_ pFrfO{df kb{5 . of] lhNnfsf] k"j{klZrd nDafO{ tyf pQ/blIf0f
rf}8fO{ cfoftfsf/ b]lvG5 . o; lhNnfn] d'n'ssf] )=(# k|ltzt If]qkmn cf]u6]sf] 5 . o;
lhNnfsf] ef}uf]lns cjl:ylt *^)=@* b]lv *&)=& k"j{ b]zfGt/ / @^)=@% b]lv @^)=$& pQ/
cIff+zsf] aLrdf kb{5. -lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt ;Kt/L, ;Kt/L lhNnf kfZj{ lrq, @)^)_
k|zf;lgs ljefhg
of] lhNnf (^ uflj;, $ j6f gu/kflnsfx?, !& Onfsf tyf % lgjf{rg If]qdf ljefhg ePsf]
5 . g]kfn ;/sf/sf] xfn}sf] lg0f{o cg';f/ ( j6f uflj;x? wf]wgk'/, lkk|fk"j{, w/dk'/, ?kgu/,
hutk'/, 7]lnof, s~rgk'/, jbujf / d/dlemof ldnfP/ s~rg?k gu/kflnsf / ^ j6f
uflj;x? zDe'gfy, a;jnk'/, df]xgk'/, /fdk'/ hd'jf, vf]S;/ k|jfx / k+uxf ldnfP/ zDe'gfy
gu/kfln / kmQ]k'/,cf]b|xf / sdnk'/ lnP/ ;Ksf]zL gu/kflnsf agfOPsf] 5 . lhNnfsf] ljsf;
/ k|zf;lgs ljefhgnfO{ tflnsf g+= @=! df k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=2.1:lhNNffsf] k|zf;lgs ljefhg
;+;bLo
lgjf{rg If]q
g+=
!

!
@
#
$
%
^

uflj
;
;+Vof
^
^
^
^
&
*

&

&

*
(
!)
!!

%
%
$
%

Onfsf
g+=

uflj;sf gfd
uf]a/uf9f, xg'dfggu/, ef/bx, kf]tf{xf, dwjfk'/, hf]lulgofF @
dogfs8]/L, j}/jf, jsw'jf, lqsf}n, nf]xhf/f, l8dg
kmQ]k'/, lkk|fk"j{, 3f]3gk'/, hutk'/, sdnk'/, cf]b|fxf
s+rgk'/,?kgu/,jbufdf, 7]lnof,w/dk'/,/dlemof
k|;jgL, 8f9f, ks/L, uf]O7L, xl/x/k'/, ;Ltfk'/, h08f}n
eujtk'/, jygfxf, dxb]jf, hf]lulgofF !, Ogjf{, jegufdfsL, b]p/L
e?jf, sf]= dw]k'/f
sf]= a;f{Og, lj;xl/of, sf]Onf8L, nf}lgof, ;s/k'/f, ltnf7L,
/Dk'/fdNxlgofF
l5Ggd:tf, nfnfkL, kmls/f, sf]rfjvf/L, a/xL lj/k'/
af]l/of, l;d|fxfl;+Uof}g, dn]sk'/, hd'gL dw]k'/f, O6x/L lji0f'k'/
km;}{7, dn]7, lb3jf, /fhlj/fh gu/kflnsf
gs6L/fok'/, s6}of, a;laL, t]/xf}tf, vf]S;/ k|jfxf
7

;+;bLo
lgjf{rg If]q
g+=
$

Onfsf
g+=
!@
!#
!$

!%
!^
!&

uflj
;
uflj;sf gfd
;+Vof
* jg}lgof, g3f]{, em'6sL, e'txL, t/xL, kftf], cf}/xL, v8sk'/
* j]NxL rk]gf, sljnf;f, cgf{xf, uDxl/of k|jfxf, jgf}nf, jgf}nL, a|Xdk'/,
kTy/uf8f
* Ogjf{ km"nj8Lof, /fdk'/hd'jf, d}gf;xif{jfx', zDe'gfy,j;jnk'/, e+uxf,
sNof0fk'/, df]xgk'/
( dfg/fhf, /fdgu/, sfrg, df}jfxf, km"nsfxL, b]p/L, /f}tx6, j]NxL,
af]b]a;fO{g
* ;f/:j/, vf]hk'/, g]u8f, k6]jf{, l;:jfj]NxL, wgu9L, dNxlgofF, l6s'lnof
( xl/x/k'/, s'zxf, k+;]/f, bf}ntk'/, xlb{of, jg/e'mnf, dnxGdf, dw'kL,
lkk|fklZrd

;|f]tM lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt ;Kt/L, ;Kt/L lhNnf kfZj{lrq, @)^)

@=# gu/kflnsf-zx/Ls/0f / a:tL ljsf;sf] :j?k_
@=$ e"If]q-6f]kf]u|fkmL, le/fnf]kg_
e"agf}6sf] cfwf/df of] lhNnfsf] pQ/df b'g / r'/] If]q To;eGbf tn efj/ k|b]z blIf0fdf
t/fO{sf] ;dy/ e"efu kb{5 . o; ;DaGwL :yfgfut ;"rgf ljleGg gS;fx?df k|:t't ul/Psf] 5
.
r'/] If]q
of] If]q #%) ld6/ -!))) lkm6_ b]lv ^!) ld6/ -@))) lkm6_ ;Ddsf] prfO{df /x]sf] 5. o;
lhNnfsf] clwsfFz jg If]q o;} efudf kb{5 . lhNnfsf] !( uflj;x? o; If]q;Fu hf]l8Psf 5g\
. of] If]qdf anf}6] 9'+uf / v's'nf] df6f]sf] ;ld>0f /x]sf]n] ef}uflns lx;fan] sdhf]/ / cl:y/
/x]sf] 5 . oxfF ;txL df6f]sf] k/t kftnf] / kfgL ;f:g] Ifdtfdf sdL ePsf] x'Fbf jiff{tsf]
df};ddf kfgLsf] axfj clws x'g] / o; If]qaf6 aUg] vf]nfn] ;txL df6f] aufpg], klx/f] hfg],
gbL s6fg ug]{ tyf pj{/f hldg afn'jfn] k'g]{ ub{5 .
efj/ If]q
r'/]sf] km]bL efunfO{ efj/ If]q elgG5 . o; efudf cfP/ h+un ;dfKt x'g] / le7 hldg kb{5 .
o; If]qdf ;'Vvf u|fe]n ldl;Psf] df6f] kfOg], hldg ;txdf kfgLsf] cefj / hldg d'lgaf6
kfgL lgsfNg Hofb} sl7g x'gfn] of] efu w]/}h;f] ;'Vvf /xg] ub{5 .
t/fO{ If]q
of] If]q ;dy/ 5 . o; efudf k|foM bf]d6 afSnf] k/t ePsf] df6f] kfOG5 . vf]nf gbLsf] 5]pdf
7"nf] u|fe]n ldl;Psf] anf}6] df6f] kfOG5 . o; If]qsf] e"ld pj{/ ePsf]n] s[lif, afujfgL,
dT:okfng cflbsf] nflu pko'Qm /x]sf] 5 . o; If]qdf r'/] tkm{af6 cfpg] gbL, vx/]sf] sf/0fn]
s6fg, af9L cflbsf] ;d:ofn] s[lif of]Uo e"ld afn'jfn] k'g]{ u/]sf] 5 .
8

@=% e"ldsf] le/fnf]kg

hldgsf] le/fnf]kg hlt a9L x'G5 e"Ifosf] ;Defjgf Tolt g} a9L x'G5 . kof{j/0fLo b[li6sf]0fn]
!* k|ltzt ;Ddsf] le/fnf]kg hldgdf -() l8u|LnfO{ ztk|ltzt le/fnf]kg dfGbf_ Go"gtd e"
Ifo x'g] ub{5 -/fof]cf @)%&, k[= #)_ .
;Kt/L lhNnfsf] ^% k|ltzt e"ld ! l8u|L eGbf sd, !! k|ltzt ! b]lv %, @ k|ltzt e"ld %
b]lv @) / @@ k|ltzt @) eGbf a9L l8u|L le/fnf]kg ePsf] 5 . o;sf] If]qkmn tn tflnsf g+=
@=@ df k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 . hldgsf] le/fnf]kg ;DaGwL ;"rgf gS;fdf b]vfOPsf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=2.2M e"ldsf] le/fnf]kg
qm=;+= le/fnf]kg -l8u|Ldf_
1

2
3
4

If]qkmn -x]S6/df_
89,018

! eGbf sd
!%
% @)
@) eGbf a9L
hDdf

k|ltzt
65

15,062

11

2,301

29,839

22

136,220

100

;|f]tM lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt, ;Kt/L, ;Kt/L lhNnf kfZj{lrq, @)^) .

@=^ df6f]sf] agfj6 tyf pj{/fzlQm

o; lhNnfdf hldgsf] pkof]usf] lsl;dn] df6f]sf] agfj6nfO{ s[lif e"ld, ag, s[lif jg / u[id
t/sf/L u/L lgDgfg';f/tflnsf g+= @=# df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=2.3Mdf6f]sf] agfj6
qm=;+= e"ldsf] ljj/0f
1
s[lif e"ld
2
jg
3
s[lif jg
4
u[id t/sf/L

If]qkmn -x]S6/df_
79,519

hDdf

k|ltzt
55

42,604

34

3,950

10,147

1,36,220

100

;|f]tM lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt ;Kt/L, ;Kt/L lhNnf kfZj{lrq, @)^) .

@=& e"Ifo ;Defljt If]q
gbL s6fg, af9Lsf] k|sf]k / r'/] If]qdf x'g] e"Ifo o; lhNnfsf k|fs[lts / jftfj/0fLo e"
Ifosf sf/0f x'g\ . o;sf ;fy} sf]zL, vfF8f], dfx'nL, ;'Gb/L, v8s h:tf gbLx?af6 lhNnfsf w]/}
:yfgx?df gbL s6fgaf6 e"Ifo x'g] u/]sf] 5 . o; lhNnfdf e"Ifoaf6 k|efljt :yfgx? lgDg
tflnsf g+= @=$ / gS;fdf bzf{OPsf] 5 .

tflnsf g+=2.4M e"Ifosf sf/0f / k|efljt uflj;

qm=;+=
!
@
#
$
%
^
&
*
(
!)
!!
!@
!#
!$
!%
!^
!&
!*
!(

e"Ifosf sf/0f
k|efljt uflj;x?
r'/] If]qdf x'g] jg ljgf; kmQ]k'/, w/dk'/, e+uxf, xlb{of, sdnk'/, 7]lnof, sNof0fk'/, lkk|fklZrd,
/ e":vng
3f]3gk'/, jsw'jf, vf]hk'/, ?kgu/, h08f}n, l;tfk'/, gsl6/fok'/,
vf]S;/ k|jfxf, s'zxf, dw'kl6, bf}ntk'/
sf]zL gbLaf6 x'g] s6fg cf]b|fxf, j}/jf, uf]a/uf9f, sdnk'/, kf]tf{xf, 3f]3gk'/, ef/bx, lkk|fk"j{,
hutk'/, abufdf, hf]lulgofF, xg'dfgggu/, /Dk'/f dNxlgofF
;Gb/L vf]nfaf6 s6fg
w/dk'/, 7]lnof, ?kgu/, a/dlemof
dfx'nL vf]nfaf6 s6fg
jsw'jf, a}/jf, kf]tf{xf, h08f}n, nf]xhf/f, d}gfs8]/L, lqsf}n,
a/dlemof, 7]lnof
vfF8f] vf]nfaf6 s6fg
vf]S;/k|afxf, gsl6/fok'/, t]/xf}tf, a;lal, xl/x/k'/, lb3jf, ks/L,
/fhlj/fh, dxb]jf, km;}{7, b]p/L e?jf, lj;xl/of, nf}lgof, ltnf7L,
nnfkL, aegufdfsL, ;s/k'/f
v8s vf]nfaf6 s6fg
ag/em'nf, sNof0fk'/, d}gf;x;|afx', g]u8f, Og?jfkm'nal/of,
af]b]j;fOg, agf}nL, dfg/fhf, sljnf;f, v8sk'/, kftf], t/xL, cf}/xL,
e'txL
anfg vf]nfaf6 s6fg
lkk|fklZrd, xlb{of, bf}ntk'/, dw'kl6, xl/x/, dnxgdf, l6s'lnof,
k6]jf{, dnxlgof, df}jfxf, a]lNx
sh/f vf]nfaf6 s6fg
a;jnk'/, zDe'gfy, kTy/uf9f, cgf{xf, uDxl/of k|jfxf
d'tgL vf]nfaf6 s6fg
s6}of, kTy/uf9f, a]NxL rk]gf, g3f}{
3f]/bx vf]nfaf6 s6fg
hd'gL dw]k'/f, dn]sk'/, af]/Lof, l;d|fxfl;+Uof}g, O{=lji0f'k'/, l5Ggd:tf
en'jfxL vf]nfaf6 s6fg /fhlj/fh gkf j8f g+= !, *, (, ljifxl/of, O{= lji0f'k'/
u+ufhnL vf]nfaf6 s6fg sdnk'/, cf]b|fxf, 3f]3gk'/
lhtf vf]nfaf6 s6fg
aegufdfsL, xg'dfggu/, Ogjf{, sf]= a;f{Og
;'/+uf vf]nfaf6 s6fg
s'zxf, xl/k'/, l6s'lnof, k6]jf{
kf}8f vf]nfaf6 s6fg
3f]3gk'/, lkk|fk"j{
ljx'n vf]nfaf6 s6fg
k6]jf{, dNxlgofF, /f}tx6, /fdgu/
kmfFrL vf]nfaf6 s6fg
a;jnk'/, /fdk'/, hd'jf, cgf{xf, agf}nL, sljnf;f, kftf]
l;+x]Zj/ vf]nfaf6 s6fg k+;]/f, jg/em'nf, l;:jfj]NxL
cdxf vf]nfaf6 s6fg
k+;]/f, dnxgdf, k6]jf{, dNxlgofF, l;:jfj]NxL

;|f]tM lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt, ;Kt/L, ;Kt/L lhNnf kfZj{lrq, @)^) .

@=* hnjfo'
;Kt/L lhNnfsf] xfjfkfgL pi0f k|b]z cGtu{t kb{5 . oxfF uld{df clt uld{ / hf8f]df clt hf8f]
x'g] ub{5 . clwstd tfks|d $@) ;]N;Lo; / Go'gtd tfks|d &) ;]N;Lo; /xg] ub{5 . h]7
b]lv efb| ;Dd jiff{ / d+l;/ b]lv df3 ;Ddsf] hnjfo' 708f x'g] ub{5 . oxfF hf8f] ofddf
t'iff/f] kg{] ub{5 . t'iff/f]sf sf/0fn] lhNnfsf] s[lif If]qnfO{ c;/ kfb{5 . oxfF cf}ift jfl{ifs jiff{
!#)* ld=ld= b]lv @)#& ld=ld= ;Dd x'g] ub{5 . o; lhNnfdf aiff{ ofddf al9 / hf8f] ofddf
sd cfb|{tf /xG5 . oxfFsf] ;fk]lIft cfb|{tf ^ b]lv *$ ;Dd /x]sf] kfOG5 . dfl;s tfkqmd
;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= @=% df k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .

10

tflnsf g+=2.5M dfl;s tfkqmd, @)^*, -l8u|L ;]lG6u|]8_

qm=;=
dlxgf
clwstd
Go"gtd qm=;= dlxgf
clwstd Go"gtd
! hgj/L
20.0
7.5
& h'nfO{
33.8
26.5
@ km/j/L
27
10.2
* cui6
33
26.5
# dfr{
32.1
32.1
( ;]K6]Da/
32.5
25.9
$ clk|n
35.2
21
!) cS6f]a/
32.3
22.8
% dO{
34
23.7
!! gf]e]Da/
29.3
16.3
^ h'g
34.2
25.8
!@ l8;]Da/
22.1
11.6
;|f]tM GoN/MoAD/Agri-Business Promotion and Statistics Division, Statistics Section, Statistical
Information on Nepalese Agriculture 2011/012, Table 11.13

@=( hne08f/
o; lhNnfdf gbLgfnf, kf]v/Lx? Pj+ bxx? hne08f/sf] ?kdf /x]sf 5g\ .
gbLgfnf
k|d'v gbLgfnfx?df sf]zL, lqo'uf, vf08f}+, dx'nL, jnfg, ljx'n, ;8s, 3f]8bx, cd;f]t, ;'?,
rxs, d'rgL, cflb /x]sf 5g\ . oL gbLx? dWo] sf]zL / lqo'uf ;bfjxf/ gbLx? x'g\ . sf]zL gbL
lhNnfsf] k"jf{ l;dfgfsf] ?kdf /x]sf] 5 . lhNnf leq sf]zL gbLsf] nDafO{ s/La $@ lsnf]ld6/
5 . of] gbLaf6 k"jL{ / klZrdL gx/ lgsflnPsf] 5 . lqo'uf gbL lhNnfsf] k"jL{ efusf] pQ/df
kb{5 . of] gbL pbok'/ lhNnf x'Fb} ;Kt/L lhNnfsf] kmQ]k'/ / cf]b|fxf uflj;df cfP/ sf]zL gbLdf
ldN5 . o; gbLaf6 rGb| gx/ lgdf{0f ul/Psf] 5 .
bx
k|d'v bxx?df nf]xhf/f bx, sh/f bx, u8xL bx x'g\ .
kf]v/L
o; lhNnfdf ;fgf 7"nf u/L hDdf @##@ j6 kf]v/L /x]sf 5g\ h;dWo] !%(% lghL / &#&
;fj{hlgs 5g\ .
@=!) lhNnfsf dxTjk"0f{ wfld{s, k'/ftflTjs / P]ltxfl;s :yfg
xg'dfggu/
;Kt/L lhNnfsf] ;aeGbf k'/fgf] zx/ xg'dfggu/ xf] . lj=;+= @))) b]lv ;Kt/Lsf] ;b/d'sfd
xg'dfggu/ lyof] . xg'dfggu/ xg'dfg dlGb/sf] gfdaf6 /flvPsf] xf] . xg'dfggu/ /fhlj/fh
b]lv !@ lsnf]ld6/ k"j{ sf]zL gbLsf] klZrdL t6aGwsf] 5]pdf :yflkt 5 .
xg'dfggu/sf] xg'dfg dlGb/ s;f}6Lsf] kTy/n] lgld{t 5 . o; dlGb/sf] sfn lgwf{/0f ug{
;lsPsf] 5}g . oBlk of] dlGb/ ;of} jif{ k'/fgf] /x]sf] cg'dfg 5 . xg'dfggu/ uflj; j8f g+= &
lnnhf 6f]ndf ;of}+ jif{ k'/fgf] P]ltxfl;s Ogf/ 5 . Ogf/sf] O{sf] nDafO{ @% / @@, rf}8fO{
% / prfO{ #=% 5 -lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt ;Kt/L, ;Kt/L lhNnf kfZj{lrq, @)^)_ .

11

l5Ggd:tf
gfGob]jsf] j+zdf kfFrf} k':tfdf zqml;+x /fhf ePsf] lyP . logsf] /fHosfn ;g\ !@&% b]lv
!#)& ;Dd dflgPsf] 5 . /fhf zqml;+xn] cfgf] a'9];sfndf 5f]/f xl/l;+x b]jnfO{ cfgf]
hgk|ltlglw agfO{ cfkm" z]if hLjg latfpg ;Kt/L cfPsf lyP eGg] ljZjf; ul/G5 . log} /fhf
zqmb]j l;+xn] cfgf s'nb]jL zqm]Zj/Lsf], hf] l5Ggd:tf eujtLsf] gfdn] k|l;4 l5g\, :yfkgf
u/L dlGb/ agfPsf lyP -lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt ;Kt/L, ;Kt/L lhNnf kfZj{lrq, @)^)_ .
dfg/fhf
dfg/fhf ;Kt/L lhNnfsf] Pp6f dxTjk"0f{ P]ltxfl;s :yfg xf] . dfg/fhf /fhf dfgb]jsf]
k|zf;lgs OsfO{ ePsf] cg'dfg 5 . dfgb]jnfO{ afns /fhf b]v]/ klxn]sf jzjtL{ k"j{sf ;fdGt
klZrd u08sL kf/L dNnk'/sf ;fdGt :jtGq x'gsf] nflu dfgb]jsf] lj?4 p7\g yfn] . dfgb]j
afns ePklg k/fqmdL / ;fx;L lyP . pgn] cfdfsf] cf1f lnO{ kmf}h ;fy k"j{sf ;fdGt bdg
ug{ lg:s]sf lyP . k"j{sf ;fdGt sHofpg pgnfO{ ufx|f] k/]g -lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt ;Kt/L,
;Kt/L lhNnf kfZj{lrq, @)^)_ .
rGb|efuf
;Kt/L If]qdf !% cf}+ ztfAbLdf rGb|s]t' gfdsf /fhf ePsf] ljZjf; ul/G5 . log} /fhfn] jt{dfg
;Kt/L lhNnfsf] pQ/ k"j{df /fhdfu{ glhs kg]{ wd{k'/ ufpFb]lv sl/a % lsnf]ld6/ pQ/df kg]{
r'/] kj{t dfly pgsf s'nb]jL rGb|efuf eujtLsf] :yfkgf u/]sf lyP eGg] ljZjf; ul/G5 . pQm
dlGb/sf] eUgfjz]if cBflk 5Fb}5 . o;} dlGb/sf] Pp6f :tDe zDe'gfy egL k"hf ug]{ rng 5 .
of] zDe'gfy :tDe srGbxf ufpFdf :yflkt 5 -lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt ;Kt/L, ;Kt/L lhNnf
kfZj{lrq, @)^)_ .
/fhf agf}nL
o; If]qdf b|f]0fjf/ /fhf k/flbTo gfdsf /fhf lyP . jt{dfg jgf}nL eGg] :yfgdf /x]sf]
eUgfjz]if logsf] /fhwfgL xf] eGg] ljZjf; ul/G5 . oL /fhf d}lynLsf k|l;4 slj ljBfkltsf
;dsflng lyP / pgn] lnvgfjnL gfdsf] cfgf] u|Gy oxL a;]/ n]v]sf x'g\ eGg] ls+jblGt 5g\ .
agf}nL eGg] :yfg /fhlj/fhb]lv !^ lsnf]ld6/ klZrd / dx]Gb| /fhdfu{b]lv @) lsnf]ld6/
blIf0fdf kb{5 -lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt ;Kt/L, ;Kt/L lhNnf kfZj{lrq, @)^) _.
lu uof
dx]Gb| /fhdfu{b]lv % lsnf]ld6/ pQ/kLsf] r'/] kxf8 leq lu4vf]/f eGg] :yfg 5 . o; :yfgdf
a'9f ePsf lu4x? dg]{ a]nfdf dfG5]x? sfzLjf; eP h:t} logLx? klg oxfF em'08df a;]sf]
kfOG5 -/fhlj/fh gu/kflnsf, @)%#, k[= ^_ .
lji0f' dlGb/
?kgu/ uflj; j8f g+= % dLn 6f]ndf zfnLu|fd zLnfsf] lji0f' d'lt{sf] jl/kl/ bz cjtf/sf
d"lt{x? 5g\ . of] d"lt{ @))! ;fndf u'hfO{ ofbj eGg] JolQn] 3/ agfpg vDaf ufl8/x]sf] avt
3f]lK6Psf] cj:yfdf km]nf k/]sf] lyof] . of] d"lt{ sl/a @^ ;o jif{ k'/fgf] ePsf] cg'dfg 5 .
@)#% ;fndf dlGb/sf] lgdf{0f ePsf] xf] .
12

/fhb]jL dlGb/
o;} dlGb/sf] gfdaf6 /fhlj/fh gfd /flvPsf] 5 . /fhlj/fh j8f g+= ( df /fhb]jL eujtL
hldg d'gL vfN8f]df lj/fhdfg 5 . @)%# ;fndf dlGb/sf] lh0ff}{4f/ ubf{ pTvggaf6 ljleGg
k|sf/sf d"lt{x? e]l6Psf] s'/faf6 of] :yfg clt k|flrg /x]sf] b]lvG5 .
/fhb]jL dlGb/ ;]g /fhfsf] Oi6b]jL /x]s] s'/f Oltxf;sf/x?sf] egfO{ 5 . o:t} dlGb/
dsjfgk'/u9Ldf 5 h;df lznfsf] k"hf ul/G5 / ;f] dlGb/nfO{ /fhb]jL dlGb/ elgG5 . Tof]
dlGb/ dsjfgk'/s]f ;]g /fhfsf] Oi6b]jL/fhb]jLsf] lyof] . o; b[li6sf]0fn] /fhlj/fhsf] /fhb]jL
dlGb/ ;]gsflng ePsf] cg'dfg 5 -lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt ;Kt/L, ;Kt/L lhNnf kfZj{lrq,
@)^)_.
7]lnof dlGb/
of] dlGb/ dx]Gb| /fhdfu{ l;d/f rf}s b]lv @ ls=dL= blIf0fdf :yflkt 5 . oxfF lzvx?sf] u'?
u|Gy /flvPsf] 5 . k|To]s jif{ sflt{s / df3 PsfbzLdf oxfF 7"nf] d]nf nfUb5 . v8]/L kbf{
;Kt/Lsf] k|zf;g k|d'vn] o; dlGb/df k"hf u/]klg kfgL kg]{ ls+jblGt 5 . -lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt
;Kt/L, ;Kt/L lhNnf kfZj{lrq, @)^)_ .
ehg]Zj/ gfy
of] dlGb/ uflj; 3f]3gk'/ j8f g+= ! df :yflkt 5 . @)$) ;fn efb| $ ut] ehg rf}w/Ln] v]t
vGbf avt lzj kfj{tLsf] clt ;'Gb/ d"lt{ km]nfk/]sf] lyof] . ehg eGg] JolQmn] km]nf kfl/Psf]
x'gfn] o;nfO{ ehg]Zj/gfy eGg yflnof] . lzj kfj{tLsf] ;fydf 8d?, a;xf, lqz'n, gfu, af3
/ wy'/sf km"n ;d]t /x]sf 5g\ . -lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt ;Kt/L, ;Kt/L lhNnf kfZj{lrq, @)^)_ .
zDe'gfy dlGb/
of] dlGb/ dx]Gb| /fhdfu{ b]lv ! lsnf]ld6/ blIf0fdf :yflkt 5 . zDe'gfy eujfg lzjsf]
k|ltssf] ?kdf /x]sf] 5 . k|To]s jif{ j}zfv ! ut]b]lv d;fGt;Dd gjjif{ d]nf oxfF nfUb5 . o;}
dlGb/sf] gfd zDe'gfy uflj; /flvPsf] xf] .
s+sflngL dlGb/
ef/bx uflj;sf] k"j{ 5]pdf sf]zL klZrdL t6aGw;+u} dx]Gb| /fhdfu{sf] pQ/kl of] dlGb/
:yflkt 5 . a}/jfsf] latf{jfn pbofgGb kl08tnfO{ eujtLn] ;kgf lbFbf pgn] h+undf
eujtLsf] d"lt{ vf]Hg cfgf dflg; k6fpFbf sfnLsf] d"lt{ km]nf k/]sf] lyof] . /f+ufsf] anLsf]
nflu of] eujtL k|l;4 5 . anL k|bfg ubf{ au]sf] /ugdf lem+uf nfUb}g eGg] s'/faf6 eujtLsf]
k/fqmd b]lvG5-lhNNff ljsf; ;ldlt ;Kt/L, ;Kt/L lhNnf kfZj{lrq, @)^) _ .
demf} eujtL
demf} af]l/of uflj; j8f g+= ( sf] Pp6f ufpF xf] . oxfF eujtLsf] dlGb/ 5 . x}hf / cGo
dxfdf/L km}lnPsf] a]nf afhfufhf ;lxt lhNnfsf ljleGg ufpFaf6 eujtLsf] k"hf ug]{ k/Dk/f 5
.

13

alnof d7
8f9f uflj;cGtu{t alnof ufpFdf eujtL :yfg 5 h'gsL @&% jif{ k'/fgf] /x]sf] cg'dfg 5 .
lbgfeb|L dlGb/
of] dlGb/ s6}of uflj;df :yflkt 5 . d';x/ hfltsf b'O{ anjfg bfh'efO{ lbgf / eb|Lsf]
gfdaf6 of] dlGb/ :yflkt 5 .
ls;gf/fd d/f}6L
dx]Gb| /fhdfu{b]lv em08} !@ lsnf]ld6/ pQ/ r'l/of dxf8df d'xnL vf]nfsf] lsgf/df
ls;gf/fdsf] yfg 5 . ls;gf/fd / ;f]j/0f b'O{ zlQmzfnL bfh'efO{ lyP . logLx? ob'j+zL lyP .
ufO{uf]? / e}+;Lsf] b]ptfsf] ?kdf o;sf] k"hf ul/G5 . h+undf ufO{ e}+;L r/fpFbf ;nx]; l;tsf]
n8fO{df dfl/Psf lyP / dfl/Psf 7fpFnfO{ ls;gf/fd d/f}6L elgG5 eGg] hgljZjf; 5 .
sh/f 7fs'/
sh/f 7fs'/ uflj; k|;jgL j8f g+= ( df kb{5 . bx h;nfO{ sh/f bx elgG5 To;sf] dWodf
sh/f 7fs'/s] yfg cjl:yt 5 . sh/f bxs} ;Ldfleq Ogf/sf] v08x/ klg 5 / To; If]qdf
xnf] hf]Tbf / sf]bfnf]n] vGbf clt k|flrgtd efF8fs'8fx? e]lbPsf] ufpFn]x? atfpF5g\ . xfn oxfF
;fd'bflos jg 5 . oxfF k|To]s gj jif{sf] lbg d]nf nfU5 .
d+h'/gL vftf
d+h/' gL vftf df6f]sf] pRrf] afFwsf] cjz]if xf] . of] clt k|flrg :yn xf] . d+h"/gL vftfsf]
cjz]if ;Kt/L lhNnfsf] sdnk'/ uflj; cf]b|fxfdf /x]sf] 5 . k|frLg sfndf zf;sx?sf] d+h"/L ;xdlt_ af6 r'/] If]qb]lv u+uf gbL;Dd cfjt hfjt ug{ d"n dfu{sf] ?kdf df6f]sf] pRrf]
afFwsf] cjz]if ;Kt/L lhNnfsf] sdnk'/ uflj; cf]b|fxf ufpFdf 5 eg] ef/tsf] laxf/ k|fGtsf]
;dbf c/xfdf klg ljBdfg 5 . o;/L zf;sx?sf] d+h"/L lnP/ agfPsf] ;f] dfu{sf] cjz]ifnfO{
d+h"/gL vftf elgPsf] 5 . ;f] d+h"/gL vftfsf] afFwsf] lgdf{0f ;]g j+zLo ljhok'/sf] dxdlt ;]g,
k;f{b]lv sf]zL If]q;Ddsf /fh dl0fs ;]g / rf}b08Lsf /fhf hut ;]gsf] d+h"/Ln] lgdf{0f
ul/Psf] cg'dfg ul/G5 -lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt;Kt/L, ;Kt/L lhNnf kfZj{lrq,@)^)_.
sgskL kvf{n
of] kvf{n @)%$ ;fndf sgsL ufpF eGbf pQ/lt/ -dx]Gb| /fhdfu{sf] 6flkms rf}s b]lv pQ/_
r'/] 8fF8fdf gbL s6fg x'Fbf pTvgg ePsf] xf] . r'/] 8fF8faf6 lg:sg] gbLn] s6fg ubf{ Pp6f
kvf{nsf] v08 lg:Sof] . of] kvf{n cToGt snfTds 5 . of] kvf{n s'g} ;]gsflng dlGb/sf]
kvf{n x'g];Sg] cg'dfg 5 . lsgsL r'/] 8fF8fdf ;]gsflng cjz]if 5 -lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt,
;Kt/L, ;Kt/L lhNnf kfZj{lrq, @)^)_.
rGb|b]jL kf]v/L
uflj; em'6sL j8f g+= # df @@ lj3fdf Pp6f P]ltxfl;s kf]v/L 5 . h;nfO{ rGb|b]jL kf]v/L
elgG5 . o:t} uflj; /f}tx6 j8f g+= @ df !* lj3df Pp6f k|flrg sfnsf] kf]v/L 5 .

14

k|d'v dlGb/
k/Dk/fjfbL wfld{s ;dfh ePsf]n] kl/jf/ lkR5} s'n b]jtf / ufpF Pj+ 6f]n lkR5} l8xjf/ /x]sf
5g] . ;Dk"0f{ b]jL b]jtfsf :yfgx?dWo] s]xL dxTjk"0f{ b]jtfsf dlGb/x?sf] ;+Vof tnsf] tflnsf
g+= ^df b]vfPsf] 5 .
tflnsf cg';f/ ;aeGbf a9L dlGb/ ;+Vof /fdhfgsLsf] /x]sf] 5 . /fdhfgsL dlGb/ !@( j6f
5g\ eGg] eujtL dlGb/ !)* j6f 5g\ . o:t} dxfb]j dlGb/ &) j6f 5g\ . oL dlGb/x? afx]s
hftL / wd{sf] cfwf/df ljleGg k|sf/sf b]jL b]jtfsf :yfg / dlGb/x? /x]sf 5g\ . h:t} M ;n]if
:yfg, ;f]l;of yfg, lbgfeb|L, 8u/Lg yfg, /fhfhL :yfg, k~rsGof, 8fsgL :yfg cflb . ;Kt/L
lhNnfdf wfld{s :yfgx?, ;fj{hlgs :yfgx? / d7dlGb/ lgdf{0f ug]{, lh0ff}{4f/ ug]{ a9L hg
rf;f] /x]sf 5g\ . To;}n] d7 dlGb/sf] lgdf{0fdf lbgfg' lbg a[l4 eO{/x]sf] 5 . o:tf dlGb/x?sf]
lgdf{0f lghL / ;/sf/L nfutdf ;d]t eO{/x]sf] 5 . lhNnfdf /x]sf k|d'v wfld{s :yfg / ;+Vof
;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= @=^ df pNn]v 5 .
tflnsf g+=2.6M ;Kt/L lhNnfsf k|dv
' wfld{s :yfg / ;+Vof
qm=;+=
!
@
#
$
%
^
&
*

wfld{s :yfgsf] gfd

/fdhfgsL dlGb/
eujtL dlGb/:yfg
dxfb]j dlGb/:yfg
xg'dfg dlGb/
s[i0f dlGb/
/fwfs[i0f dlGb/
nIdLgf/fo0f dlGb/
lji0f' dlGb/
hDdf

;+Vof
!@(
!)*
&)
@%
#
!)
!)
$
#%(

;|f]tM lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt, ;Kt/L, @)^)

af}4 :t'k
;Kt/L lhNnfdf af}4 wdf{jnDaLx? $=^*& 5g\ . t/ af}4 :t'ksf] ;+Vof guGo 5 . k|;jgL
dfWolds ljBfnosf] k|f+u0fdf xl/x/k'/ uflj; j8f g+= ! dl6u9L ufpFdf Pp6f af}4 :t'k 5 .
;Kt/L lhNnfsf] cGo efudf af}4 :t'k 5}g -s]=t=lj= @)^*_.
dl:hb
;Kt/L lhNnfdf d'l:nd -O:nfd_ wdf{jnDaLsf] ;+Vof *=() /x]sf] 5 . o; lhNnfdf
d';ndfgsf] wfld{s :yfg d:hLb d';ndfgsf] j:tL lkR5} /x]sf 5g\ . t/ k|d'v d:hLx?df
/fhlj/fhsf] d:hLb, hub/L, ynxL, ;f/;/ nfnfkL, ?kgL, sNof0fk'/, s';xf, l6s'lgof, rgf}/f,
ks/L cflb ufpFx?df kSsL dl:hb /x]sf 5g\ -s]=t=lj=, @)^*_.

15

3.

v08#M hg;+Vof ljj/0f tyf k|If]k0f

#=! uflj; tyf gu/kflnsfsf] hg;+Vofsf] cfsf/

;Kt/L lhNnfdf cjl:yt ;a} uflj;x?, gu/kflnsf / ;+:yfutsf] hgu0fgf @))!-@)%*_ /
hgu0fgf @)!! -@)^*_ sf] cf};t 3/w'/L cfsf/, hDdf 3/3'/L ;+Vof, dlxnf / k'?ifsf]
hg;+Vofsf] lj:t[t ljj/0f tflnsf g+= #=! df k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=3.1M hg;+Vofsf] cfsf/ -uflj; tyf gu/kflnsf :t/sf]_
hgu0fgf @))!
hDdf
k'?if
hg;+Vof

cgf{xf
cf}/fxL
abufdf
a}/jf

cf}ift
3/w'/L
cfsf/
5.64
5.01
5.69
5.89

hDdf
3/w'/L
;+Vof
819
914
714
665

5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

aSwpjf
adgufdfsL
agOlgof
ag/em'nf
agf}nf
agf}nL
a/dlemof
a;}{g -sf]=_
a;ank'/
a;a6L
aygfxf

5.65
5.92
6.56
5.69
6.26
5.87
5.55
6.23
5.50
5.86
5.54

16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

a]NxL
a]NxLrk]gf
eujtk'/
efxf
ef/bx
e'6xL
jL/k'/ a/xL
la;xl/of
af]8]a;L{g
af]l/of

6.09
6.30
4.00
4.85
6.38
5.62
6.07
5.98
6.83
5.49

26

a|Xdk'/

5.73

814

4662

2324

2338

5.27

27
28

l5Ggd:tf
8fwf

6.12
5.41

1426
946

8729
5122

4499
2588

4230
2534

5.29
6.00

29

bf}ntk'/

5.26

834

4387

2134

2253

30
31
32
33
34
35

b]p/L
b]p/Ld?jf
wgu9L
w/dk'/
wf]wgk'/
l8wjf

4.78
5.91
4.88
5.22
5.29
5.66

803
499
956
908
923
612

3841
2950
4667
4738
4879
3461

1960
1522
2333
2391
2388
1776

1881
1428
2334
2347
2491
1685

qm=;++

uflj;gkf

1
2
3
4

dlxnf

4617
4579
4061
3920

2385
2332
2082
1994

2232
2247
1979
1926

cf}ift
3/w'/L
cfsf/
5.29
4.60
5.16
6.03

1367
1177
614
798
542
892
807
801
545
619
795

7730
6967
4025
4541
3392
5237
4476
4987
2995
3626
4403

3919
3534
2026
2158
1708
2664
2285
2562
1407
1824
2256

3811
3433
1999
2383
1684
2573
2191
2425
1588
1802
2147

5.10
6.06
5.73
5.15
5.50
5.50
5.17
5.51
5.12
5.37
4.25

649
882
1058
933
1008
636
1018
1169
727
815

3954
5554
4229
4526
6434
3572
6180
6996
4967
4471

2002
2785
2130
2275
3332
1837
3145
3640
2581
2306

1952
2769
2099
2251
3102
1735
3035
3356
2386
2165

6.03
5.26
5.19
5.40
5.72
5.12
5.45
5.05
5.92
5.35

16

hDdf
3/w'/L
;+Vof
947
1153
900
762

hgu0fgf @)!!
hDdf
k'?if
hg;+Vof

dlxnf

hg;+Vof
a[l4

hg;+Vof
a[l4 b/
k|ltztdf

5006
5300
4643
4597

2442
2604
2251
2315

2564
2696
2392
2282

389
721
582
677

8.4254
15.746
14.331
17.27

1640
1331
700
859
616
1047
905
991
615
683
1180

8365
8068
4012
4424
3388
5757
4680
5458
3151
3666
5011

4036
4165
1971
2023
1575
2766
2239
2691
1420
1710
2486

4329
3903
2041
2401
1813
2991
2441
2767
1731
1956
2525

635
1101
-13
-117
-4
520
204
471
156
40
608

8.2147
15.803
-0.323
-2.577
-0.118
9.9293
4.5576
9.4446
5.2087
1.1031
13.809

724
1105
968
1134
1245
785
1193
1410
951
906

4366
5807
5022
6119
7124
4016
6504
7120
5633
4849

2144
2788
2535
2919
3533
1897
3150
3640
2821
2475

2222
3019
2487
3200
3591
2119
3354
3480
2812
2374

412
253
793
1593
690
444
324
124
666
378

886

4673

2209

2464

11

10.42
4.5553
18.751
35.197
10.724
12.43
5.2427
1.7724
13.408
8.454
5
0.236

10136
6290

5118
3043

5018
3247

1407
1168

16.119
22.804

4.78

1916
104
9
999

4775

2262

2513

388

5.06
6.15
5.45
4.90
5.44
5.51

936
542
954
1132
1077
771

4738
3331
5201
5545
5864
4249

2378
1676
2543
2630
2898
2150

2360
1655
2658
2915
2966
2099

897
381
534
807
985
788

8.844
3
23.353
12.915
11.442
17.033
20.189
22.768

3933
4614
3275
10192
4106
5757
1702
3884
5751
5066
4598
4945

2065
2337
1689
5150
2068
2922
911
2003
2973
2531
2343
2514

1868
2277
1586
5042
2038
2835
791
1881
2778
2535
2255
2431

496
850

2316
5535

1188
2792

1128
2743

6.06
5.26

5.74
6.15
5.80
6.00
6.25
5.14
5.21

907
756
1107
715
568
673
767

5210
4646
6424
4289
3548
3456
3993

2669
2395
3317
2130
1828
1729
1995

2541
2251
3107
2159
1720
1727
1998

sljnf;
srg
sNof0fk'/
sdnk'/
s+rgk'/
s6}of
v8\uk'/
vf]hk'/
vf]S;/k/axf
sf]= dfw]k'/f
sf]rfav/L
sf]OnfbL

5.73
6.10
6.17
5.85
5.62
5.71
5.44
5.60
5.56
5.56
4.87
4.10

667
666
1268
824
1068
839
706
833
679
807
1104
1065

3824
4063
7825
4820
6007
4791
3843
4665
3775
4488
5374
4364

1922
2040
4028
2476
3154
2449
1975
2381
1895
2342
2790
2299

69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79

s'zfxf
nfnfk6L
nf}lgof
nf]xhf/f
dfwjk'/
dw'klt
dxfb]jf
d}gfs8]/L
d}gf;x;|ax'
dn]sk'/
dn]y

6.30
6.16
4.70
5.64
5.44
4.69
6.02
5.09
6.14
6.00
5.74

961
774
630
944
881
785
974
702
656
1025
975

6058
4771
2960
5323
4790
3685
5867
3575
4031
6149
5598

80
81

dNxgdf
dNxlgof

5.48
4.76

717
1572

82
83
84
85

dg/fhf
df}jfxf
df]xgk'/
gwf]{

5.44
6.00
5.18
6.13

673
682
951
990

uflj;gkf

36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47

lbdg
kmls/f
km;]{y
kmQ]k'/
km'nsxL
udxl/of k/jfxf
ufa/ uf8f
uf]OyL
xg'dfggu/
xlb{of
xl/x/k'/
xl/k'/

48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56

Og/jf
Og/jf
km'nal/of
O6xl/ lji0f'k'/
hutk'/
hd'gLdfw]k'/
hGbf}n
em'6sL
hf]lulgof!
hf]lulgof@

57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68

cf}ift
3/w'/L
cfsf/
5.91
6.43
6.23
5.84
5.46
5.96
6.86
5.94
6.11
5.59
5.83
5.92

hDdf
3/w'/L
;+Vof
666
718
526
1746
752
966
248
654
942
906
789
836

4.67
6.51

hgu0fgf @))!
hDdf
k'?if
hg;+Vof

cf}ift
3/w'/L
cfsf/
5.29
6.27
5.51
4.48
5.77
5.74
6.20
5.18
6.56
4.64
4.96
5.52

qm=;++

dlxnf

hDdf
3/w'/L
;+Vof
810
874
638
2524
879
1070
289
724
957
1139
934
979

hgu0fgf @)!!
hDdf
k'?if
hg;+Vof

dlxnf

hg;+Vof
a[l4

hg;+Vof
a[l4 b/
k|ltztdf

4283
5477
3515
11303
5074
6145
1791
3751
6275
5286
4632
5406

2167
2692
1780
5268
2575
3036
948
1767
3185
2467
2254
2589

2116
2785
1735
6035
2499
3109
843
1984
3090
2819
2378
2817

350
863
240
1111
968
388
89
-133
524
220
34
461

8.8991
18.704
7.3282
10.901
23.575
6.7396
5.2291
-3.424
9.1115
4.3427
0.7395
9.3225

647
1027

3918
5403

1942
2455

1976
2948

1602
-132

69.171
-2.385

4.99
5.28
5.79
5.01
6.03
6.02
5.26

1269
880
1342
870
669
738
853

6335
4649
7766
4360
4033
4442
4489

3212
2170
3814
2001
2039
2223
2059

3123
2479
3952
2359
1994
2219
2430

1125
3
1342
71
485
986
496

21.593
0.0646
20.89
1.6554
13.67
28.53
12.422

1902
2023
3797
2344
2853
2342
1868
2284
1880
2146
2584
2065

5.30
5.30
5.12
5.14
5.12
5.17
5.22
5.18
5.10
5.20
4.68
5.40

742
793
1705
1038
1452
965
900
978
897
886
1334
874

3936
4199
8724
5334
7435
4987
4697
5063
4576
4608
6241
4723

1864
2006
4144
2635
3804
2369
2394
2409
2254
2366
3172
2424

2072
2193
4580
2699
3631
2618
2303
2654
2322
2242
3069
2299

112
136
899
514
1428
196
854
398
801
120
867
359

2.9289
3.3473
11.489
10.664
23.772
4.091
22.222
8.5316
21.219
2.6738
16.133
8.2264

2994
2463
1534
2715
2384
1801
3100
1875
2331
3167
2891

3064
2308
1426
2608
2406
1884
2767
1700
1700
2982
2707

5.34
5.53
4.98
5.20
4.58
5.37
5.45
5.79
5.20
5.25
5.86

1253
996
707
1071
1252
892
1066
554
779
1258
1142

6695
5509
3519
5570
5730
4786
5807
3206
4047
6601
6696

3118
2759
1797
2706
2796
2302
2994
1593
1842
3138
3281

3577
2750
1722
2864
2934
2484
2813
1613
2205
3463
3415

637
738
559
247
940
1101
-60
-369
16
452
1098

10.515
15.468
18.885
4.6402
19.624
29.878
-1.023
-10.32
0.3969
7.3508
19.614

3928
7477

1963
3884

1965
3593

5.57
5.02

782
1558

4356
7820

2098
3770

2258
4050

428
343

3660
4095
4923
6066

1843
2096
2475
3068

1817
1999
2448
2998

4.93
5.75
4.99
5.52

902
884
1138
1311

4447
5079
5673
7235

2199
2605
2742
3612

2248
2474
2931
3623

787
984
750
1169

10.896
4.587
4
21.503
24.029
15.235
19.271

17

g]u8f
cf]8fxf
ks/L
kg;]/f
k6]{jf
kf6f]
kYy/uf8f
lkk|f klZrd
lkk|f k"j{
kf]6{xf
k|;agL
/fhlj/fh gkf

cf}ift
3/w'/L
cfsf/
5.73
5.41
6.23
5.51
5.86
5.80
6.03
5.12
5.55
5.63
5.41
5.57

hDdf
3/w'/L
;+Vof
762
773
930
805
658
755
819
765
622
816
1035
5445

98
99
100
101
102
103
10
4
105
106
107
108

/fdgu/
/fdk'/fdNxlgof
/fdk'/hd'jf
/f}tx6
/fok'/
?kgu/
zDe'gfy

6.29
5.36
5.78
4.55
5.87
5.30
5.62

z+s/k'/f
;/:j/
l;d/fxf l;luo'F
l;:jf laxL

109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116

l;tfk'/
t/xL
t]/xf}6f
y]lnof
l6s'lnof
ltnfly
lqsf}nf
;+:yfut

qm=;++

uflj;gkf

86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97

hgu0fgf @))!
hDdf
k'?if
hg;+Vof

dlxnf

4365
4185
5798
4433
3854
4378
4938
3918
3452
4592
5604
30353

2191
2034
2945
2110
1936
2268
2516
1897
1720
2440
2825
16199

2174
2151
2853
2323
1918
2110
2422
2021
1732
2152
2779
14154

cf}ift
3/w'/L
cfsf/
4.89
4.60
5.66
5.13
5.13
5.00
5.33
4.83
5.37
5.25
5.07
4.87

348
1150
629
520
1631
957
1116

2188
6165
3635
2364
9573
5070
6275

1073
3252
1779
1201
4924
2467
3084

1115
2913
1856
1163
4649
2603
3191

5.40
5.73
5.37
5.47
5.39
4.86
5.19

5.62
6.40
5.84
4.55

761
741
768
1265

4278
4739
4487
5762

2240
2418
2328
2953

2038
2321
2159
2809

5.68
5.45
5.57
5.84
5.46
5.19
5.12
67.14

736
762
806
1001
564
709
794
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pd]/ ;d'x cg';f/ hg;+Vofsf] agfj6 tflnsf #=# df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . h;cg';f/ !$ jif{
d'lgsf] hg;+Vof #%=!$ k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 eg] !% b]lv %( jif{ pd]/sf] hg;+Vof %&=!@ k|ltzt
/x]sf] 5 . To;}u/L ^) aif{eGbf dflysf] hg;+Vof &=&$ k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 . kfFr kfFr jif{ pd]/
;d'xcg';f/sf] hg;+Vof ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= #=% df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=3.5Mpd]/ cg';f/ lhNnfsf] hg;+Vof%% jif{ pd]/ ;d'xsf] hg;+Vof_
pd]/ ;d'x

s'n
gDa/

;a} pd]/
00-04aif{
05-09 aif{
10-14 aif{
15-19 aif{
20-24 aif{
25-29 aif{
30-34 aif{
35-39 aif{
40-44 aif{
45-49 aif{

k'?if
k|ltzt

gDa/

dlxnf
k|ltzt

gDa/

k|ltzt

639284

100

313846

100

325438

100

63257

9.89

32381

10.32

30876

9.49

86133

13.47

44176

14.08

41957

12.89

83426

13.05

41893

13.35

41533

12.76

61811

9.67

30914

9.85

30897

9.49

48584

7.60

21554

6.87

27030

8.31

48703

7.62

21756

6.93

26947

8.28

42353

6.63

18247

5.81

24106

7.41

41928

6.56

20066

6.39

21862

6.72

34180

5.35

16701

5.32

17479

5.37

30367

4.75

15479

4.93

14888

4.57

22

pd]/ ;d'x

s'n
gDa/

50-54 aif{
55-59 aif{
60-64 aif{
65-69 aif{
70-74 aif{
75-79 aif{
80-84 aif{
85-89 aif{
90-94 aif{
95+ aif{

k'?if
k|ltzt

gDa/

dlxnf
k|ltzt

gDa/

k|ltzt

24418

3.82

12463

3.97

11955

3.67

22670

3.55

11925

3.80

10745

3.30

20122

3.15

10062

3.21

10060

3.09

13993

2.19

7235

2.31

6758

2.08

9448

1.48

4918

1.57

4530

1.39

4449

0.70

2338

0.74

2111

0.65

1958

0.31

1003

0.32

955

0.29

724

0.11

371

0.12

353

0.11

395

0.06

198

0.06

197

0.06

365

0.06

166

0.05

199

0.06

;|f]tM National Population and Housing Census 2011, National Report , Volume 1, Table 18

3/kl/jf/, hg;+Vof, cf}ift kl/jf/sf] cfsf/, n}ls cg'kft / hg3gTj ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf
g+= #=^ df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . h;cg';f/ cf}ift kl/jf/ cfsf/ %=@*, n}ls cg'kft (^=$ /
k|lt ju{ ls=ld= hg3gTj $^( /x]sf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=3.6M 3/kl/jf/, hg;+Vof, cf}ift kl/jf/sf] cfsf/, n}ls cg'kft / hg3gTj
If]q

3/kl/jf/

g]kfn
k"jL{
t/fO{
;Kt/L

hg;+Vof

If]qkmn - cf}ift
hg3gTj
n}ls
ju{
kl/jf/sf]
-k|lt
cg'kft
ls=dL=_
cfsf/
j=ls=dL=_

hDdf

k'?if

dlxnf

5427302

26494504

12849041

13645463

147181

4.88

94.2

180

800016

3818119

1846984

1971135

7269

4.77

93.7

525

121098

639284

313846

325438

1363

5.28

96.4

469

gf]6 M ;+:yfut 3/kl/jf/ ;d]t ;dfj]z ul/Psf]

>f]t M s]=t=lj, rf}dfl;s tYof ultljlw

Year 35, Volume 105, No.-1, 2011/12, tflnsf

g+= !@

g]kfn, k"lj{ t/fO{ / ;Kt/L lhNNffsf] kl/jf/sf] ;b:o ;+Vofcg';f/sf] t'ngfTds 3/kl/jf/ ;+Vof
tflnsf g+= #=&df k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 . h;cg';f/ ;Kt/L lhNnfdf ^ hgf kl/jf/ ;b:o ;+Vof
ePsf] ;a}eGbf a9L 3/kl/jf/ ;+Vof -!(,^*#_ /x]sf] 5 eg] Pshgf dfq} 3/kl/jf/ ;b:o ;+Vof
x'g] 3/kl/jf/ ;+Vof hDdf # xhf/ % ;o @( dfq /x]sf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=3.7M kl/jf/ ;b:o ;+Vof cg';f/sf] 3/kl/jf/ ;+Vof
kl/jf/ ;b:o ;+Vof
! hgf

@ hgf

# hgf

$ hgf

% hgf

^ hgf

& hgf

* hgf

( jf
;f]eGbf
a9L

5427302

255125

567706

805008

1080858

966051

733104

393477

239242

386731

800016

27947

79450

124162

175416

155294

108417

52862

30251

46217

121098

3529

10022

12861

22950

24742

19683

9994

6142

11175

If]q

hDdf

g]kfn
k"jL{
t/fO{
;Kt/L

>f]t M s]=t=lj=, rf}dfl;s tYof ultljlw

Year 35, Volume 105, No.-1, 2011/12, tflnsfg+=!$

23

#=% pd]/, pd]/ ;d'x, ln / Psn dlxnf ;DjGwL ljj/0f

ln cg';f/ !) jif{ / ;f] eGbf dflysf] pd]/sf hg;+Vofsf] a}jflxs cj:yf h:t} slxNo} ljjfx
gePsf], Pp6f ljjfx ePsf], ax' ljjfx ePsf], k'gM ljjfx ePsf], Psn dlxnf tyf k'?if ;DjGw
ljR5]b / 5'} a:g]x?sf] ljj/0f tflnsf g+= #=* df k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=3.8Mln cg';f/ !) jif{ / ;f] eGbf dflysf] pd]/sf hg;+Vofsf] a}jflxs cj:yf
I]fq

hDdf
hg;+Vof

dlxnf
k'?if

489894
252605
237289

slxNo}
ljjfx
gePsf]

157602
70167
87435

Pp6f
ljjfx
u/]sf]

309343
169401
139942

jx' ljjfx k'gM

u/]sf]
ljjfx
u/]sf]
5315
1223
4092

3606
1139
2467

Psn
dlxnf
tyf k'?if

13392
10226
3166

;DjGw
ljR5]b

5'} a:g]

230
154
76

406
295
111

;|f]tMNational Population and Housing Census 2011, National Report , Volume 1, Table 18
#=^ hg;+Vofsf] ljt/0f
hg3gTj

lj=;= @)%* / @)^* sf] hgu0ffcg';f/ ;Kt/L lhNnfsf] hg;+Vof / hg3gTj ;DjGwL tYof
tflnsf g+= #=( df k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 . h;cg';f/ @)%* sf] cg'kftdf @)^* df ^( xhf/ @
hgf hg;+Vof a[l4 ePsf] 5 . To;}u/L hg;+Vofsf] hg3gTj k|lt ls=ld= @)%* df $!*
/x]sf]df @)^* df $^( k'u]sf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=3.9M hg;+Vof tyf hg3gTjsf] t'ngfTds ljt/0f
aif{

If]qkmn -ju{ lsnf] ld6/_

2058
2068

1363
1363

hg;+Vof

570282
639284

hg3gTj -k|ltju{ ls=ld=_

418
469

;|f]tM s]lGb|o tYof ljefu, hgu0fgf @)%* / @)^*

#=& wd{, hghflt tyf efiffut Pjd ckftf cg';f/ hg;+Vof ljj/0f
;Kt/L lhNNffdf ;a} eGbf j9L *%=&# k|ltzt hg;+Vof lxGb' wdf{jnDaLx?f] /x]sf] 5 . To;kl5
O:nfd wd{ dfGg] hg;+Vof *=(@ k|ltzt / af}4 wdf{jnDjLx? $=^* k|ltzt /x]sf 5g\ . cGo
wd{ dfGg] hg;+Vof cToGt Go"g /x]sf] 5 -tflnsf g+= #=!)_ .
tflnsf g+=3.10M wd{ cg';f/ hg;+Vof ljt/0f
qm=;=
1
2

wd{
hDdf
lxGb'
O:nfd

548081
57004

hg;+Vof
dlxnf
277392
29832
24

k'?if
270689
27172

k|ltzt
85.73
8.92

qm=;=
3

wd{
hDdf

hg;+Vof
dlxnf

k'?if

k|ltzt

29905
16064
13841
4.68
4
395
205
190
0.06
5
300
146
154
0.05
6
78
44
34
0.01
7
1
1
0
0.00
8
188
85
103
0.03
9
4
3
1
0.00
10
0
0
0
0.00
11
3328
1666
1662
0.52
;|f]tM National Population and Housing Census 2011, National Report , Volume 1, Table 22

af}4
lsF/ft
lqml:rog
k|s[lt
ag
h}g
jxn
l;Fv
cGo

hgu0fgf @)^* cg';f/ ;Kt/L lhNnfdf hfthflt cg';f/ s'n dlxnf / k'?ifsf] hg;+Vof
;DjGwL tYof tflnsf g+= #=!! df pNn]v 5 . o; lhNnfdf ofbj ;d'bfosf] hg;+Vof ;a}eGbf
j9L Ps nfv & ;o *! /x]sf] 5 eg] xfo' hftLsf] hg;+Vof hDdf !! dfq /x]sf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=3.11Mhghflt cg';f/ hg;+Vof ljt/0f
hfthflt
hDdf
k'?if
dlxnf
100781
50950
49831
ofbj
73697
34182
39515
yf?
57145
27228
29917
d';ndfg
46713
23074
23639
t]nL
41735
20662
21073
wg's
38625
19330
19295
d'zx/
37950
18484
19466
vt\j]
27705
13414
14291
rdf/xl/hg/fd
14871
7566
7305
sf7algofF
14300
6923
7377
aG6/;/bf/
13667
6906
6761
dNnfx
11813
5928
5885
/fhwf]a
11369
5770
5599
xn'jfO{
10983
5415
5568
b'zfwkf;jfgk;L
9782
4741
5041
xhfd7fs'/
9749
4766
4983
66\df66\jf
8918
4250
4668
If]qL
8736
4495
4241
a|fXd0ft/fO{
8342
3945
4397
a|fXd0fkxf8
25

hfthflt
sf]O/Ls'zjfxf
s'Dxf/
wf]aL
snjf/
sfdL
/fhk't
a/O{
du/
g]jf/
;'wL
;f]gf/
/fO{
8f]d
s]j6
sfo:y
a9O{
tfdf
;'g'jf/
u8]/Le]wf/
a+ufnL
g'lgof
b]j
bg'jf/
s'dfn
/fhef/
dfnL
bdfO{wf]nL
bzgfdL;Gof;L
cdft
df/jf8L
3tL{e'h]n
;fsL{
kGhfaLlzv
nf]xf/
lnDa'
3n]
s'dL{

hDdf

k'?if

dlxnf

6471

3305

3166

5926

2931

2995

5586

2756

2830

4931

2409

2522

4828

2336

2492

4055

2103

1952

3943

1971

1972

3670

1766

1904

2682

1270

1412

2112

1055

1057

2107

1046

1061

1941

938

1003

1875

936

939

1765

855

910

1754

857

897

1626

785

841

1612

815

797

1583

758

825

1552

770

782

1508

773

735

1437

708

729

1157

603

554

1111

502

609

1032

520

512

1021

530

491

992

488

504

985

469

516

924

479

445

874

423

451

795

407

388

745

372

373

682

342

340

586

272

314

533

284

249

456

213

243

377

194

183

328

158

170

26

hfthflt
/fhj+zL
dfemL
vjf;
d]r]
sfn/
alx
u'?
xNvf]/
7s'/L
sdf/
;tf/;Gyn
Nxf]dL
Aof;L;f}sf
lwdfn
;/al/of
sfg'
z]kf{
ef]6]
afGtjf
ofSvf
nf]w
afbL
n]Krf
rflDn
y'n'
ysfnL
Xof]Ndf]
kTy/sfs'zjl8of
5GTofn5Gt]n
w'lgof
gfl5l/
sf]r]
b'/f
d]jfxf
d'G8f
u\uO{
kx/L

hDdf

k'?if

dlxnf

226

116

110

209

109

100

183

94

89

181

91

90

169

86

83

169

80

89

159

80

79

154

86

68

135

62

73

127

59

68

113

61

52

112

46

66

104

52

52

83

45

38

74

39

35

53

23

30

51

21

30

46

22

24

46

20

26

40

20

20

37

16

21

37

18

19

35

21

14

33

16

17

24

12

12

23

15

23

22

23

16

19

14

18

18

17

13

15

10

15

14
13
12

4
6
5

10
7
7

27

hfthflt

hDdf

k'?if

dlxnf

11
5
6
69
37
32
50
18
32
12534
6308
6226
1201
581
620
166
91
75
639284
313846
325438
National Population and Housing Census 2011, Caste/Ethnicity and Language), Table 1

xfo'
blnt cGo
hghflt cGo
t/fO{ cGo
gv'n]sf] cGo
ljb]zL
;|f]tM

o; lhNNffdf ;a}eGbf a9L % nfv % xhf/ * ;o (& hgfn] d}lynL efiff af]Ng] u/]sf] tYofn]
b]vfPsf] 5 eg] bf]>f]df ^^ xhf/ $ ;o %% hgfn] yf? efiff af]Ng] u/]sf 5g\ . cjwL, rflDn
/ /fha+zL efiff w]/} sd hg;+Vofn] af]Ng] u/]sf 5g\ . hgu0fgf @)^* cg';f/ ;Kt/L lhNnfdf
dft[efiff cg';f/ s'n dlxnf / k'?ifsf] hg;+Vof ;DjGwL tYof tflnsf g+= #=!@ df pNn]v 5 .
tflnsf g++=3.12M efiff cg';f/ hg;+Vof lja/0f
dft[ efiff
dlxnf
k'?if
hDdf
254856
251041
505897
d}lynL
35774
30681
66455
yf?
13585
12685
26270
g]kfnL
12966
11653
24619
pb'{
816
748
1564
;'g'jf/
811
713
1524
du/
587
644
1231
tfdf
573
529
1102
/fO{
477
448
925
duxL
492
423
915
g]jf/L
281
284
565
lxGbL
278
286
564
/fh:yfgL
298
257
555
ef]hk'/L
238
196
434
bg'jf/
215
186
401
lnDa'
180
188
368
e'h]n
157
177
334
3n]
159
131
290
d';ndfg
95
93
188
8f6]nL
90
90
180
d]r]
28

dft[ efiff
alx
a+unf
u'?
y'n'
ofSvf
z]kf{
nfKrf
alHhsf
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5GTofn
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d]jfxf
cjwL
/fhj+zL
rflDn
cGo
gv'n]sf]
hDdf
;|f]tM

dlxnf

k'?if

hDdf

89
80
169
69
67
136
22
31
53
23
19
42
20
19
39
22
15
37
14
20
34
17
15
32
17
13
30
8
14
22
21
1
22
14
5
19
9
7
16
7
8
15
5
8
13
4
8
12
4
8
12
135
127
262
2010
1928
3938
325438
313846
639284
National Population and Housing Census 2011, Caste/Ethnicity and Language), Table 2

hgu0fgf @)^* cg';f/ ;Kt/L lhNnfdf gful/stf cg';f/ s'n dlxnf / k'?ifsf] hg;+Vof
;DjGwL tYof tflnsf g+= #=!# df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=3.13Mgful/stfcg';f/ hg;+Vof ljt/0f
hg;+Vof
qm=;= gful/stf
hDdf

1
2
3
4

g]kfnL
ef/tLo
lrlgof
cGo b]zx?
s'n

dlxnf

636423
2245
3
613

323056
1952
3
427

k'?if

313367
293
0
186

;|f]tMNational Population and Housing Census 2011, National Report , Volume 1, Table 23

o; lhNnfdf s'n * xhf/ $$ hgf ckftf ePsf AolQmx? /x]sf 5g\ . ;f] dWo] $ xhf/ ^
;o ! hgf k'?if / # xhf/ $ ;o $# dlxnf /x]sf 5g\ .hgu0fgf @)^* cg';f/ ;Kt/L
29

lhNnfdf ckftf cg';f/ s'n dlxnf / k'?ifsf] hg;+Vof ;DjGwL tYof tflnsf g+= #=!$ df
pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=3.14M ckftf cg';f/ hg;+Vof ljj/0f
ckftfsf] lsl;d
dlxnf
k'?if
hDdf
1238
1825
3063
zfl//Ls
743
793
1536
cGwf]kgfsdhf]/ b[li6
465
486
951
alx/f]sd;'Gg]
78
100
178
alx/fcGwf]
405
632
1037
af]Ngdf sl7gfO{
243
369
612
dfgl;s czQmtf
85
127
212
af}l4s czQmtf
186
269
455
ax' ckftf
3443
4601
8044
ckftf ePsf s"n hg;+Vof
;|f]tMNational Population and Housing Census 2011, Social Characteristics Tables, Volume 5,
Part III, Table 15

30

4.

v08$M e"pkof]u

$=! ;Kt/L lhNnfsf] e"pkof]usf] cj:yf

;Kt/L lhNnfsf] s'n v]tL of]Uo hldg, wgx/ v]tL, eL6, ;/sf/L hUuf, P]nfgL hUuf, uf}r/0f,
ldGxf / u'7L ;DjGwL hfgsf/L tflnsf g+=$=! df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=4.1M lhNnfsf] e"pkof]u l:ylt
qm=;= e"pkof]usf] lsl;d
If]qkmn -x]S6/_
k|ltzt
! s'n v]tLof]Uo hldg
*!^^&=*(
^#=^#
!=! wgx/ v]tL tkm{
&@$*@=$%
%^=$&
!=@ eL6 tkm{
(!*%=$$
&=!^
@ ;/sf/L hUuf
!^*&=#@
!=#!
# P]nfgL
*@!=$(
)=^$
$ uf}r/0f
^)=^)
)=)%
% ldGxf
*(!@=)$
^=($
^ u'7L
@!=!@
)=)@
;|f]tM lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no, ;Kt/L, jflif{s s[lif ljsf; sfo{qmd tyf tYof k'l:tsf, cf=a=
@)^(&)

$=@ /fhlj/fh gu/kflnsfsf] e"pkof]usf] cj:yf

/fhlj/fh gu/kflnsfsf] e"pkof]u ;DjGwL hfgsf/L h:t} Jofkfl/s tyf cfjfl;o, s[lif, ag
tyf emf8L If]q, ;+:yfut If]q, gbL, gfnf, kf]v/L tyf ;8s ;DjGwL hfgsf/L tflnsf g+= $=@
df k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=4.2Mzx/L e"pkof]usf] l:ylt
qm=;= e"pkof]usf] lsl;d
If]qkmn -ju{ ls=dL+=_ k|ltzt
! Jofkfl/s tyf cfjfl;o
@=@(
!(=&(
@ s[lif If]q
&=)^
^!=!@
# ag tyf emf8L If]q
!=!#
(=&$
$ ;+:yfut If]q
)=!)
)=*&
% cGo -glb, gfnf, kf]v/L, tyf ;8s cflb_
)=(*
*=$%
s'n
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!))
;|f]tM cfjlws gu/ ljsf; of]hgf, /fhlj/fh gu/kflnsf, @)&)
gf]6M xfn} 3f]if0ff ePsf b'O{ gu/kflnsfx?sf] ljj/0f k||fKt x'g g;s]sf]n] k|:t't ul/Psf] 5}g .

31

$=# uflj; :t/Lo e"pkof]usf] cj:yf

-;"rgf k|fKt x'g g;s]sf]_
$=$ s[life"lddf :jfldTjsf] cfwf/ tyf ljj/0f
s[lif e"lddf 3/kl/jf/x?sf] :jfldtTj ;DjGwL ljj/0f tn tflnsf g+= $=$ df pNn]v ul/Psf]
5.
tflnsf g+=4.3: s[life"lddf :jfldTjsf] cfwf/ tyf ljj/0f
qm=;= e"ldsf] cfsf/

3/kl/jf/ ;+Vof

k|ltzt

If]qkmn -x]=_

k|ltzt

e"ldlxg
!!$)
!=%
!=!
)=! x]S6/eGbf sd
*^&^
!!=%
$%*=%
)=! b]lv )=@ x]S6/
&)(%
(=$
!!^#=$
)=@ b]lv )=% x]S6/
!%^^!
@)=&
%,$&&=$
)=% b]lv ! x]S6/
!%*$%
@!
!!,^(%=&
! b]lv @ x]S6/
!&)(%
@@=^
@$$((=^
@ b]lv # x]S6/
$&$@
^=#
!!#!&=@
# b]lv $ x]S6/
@^*$
#=^
*(&)=#
$ b]lv % x]S6/
!!$)
!=%
$,((&=%
% b]lv !) x]S6/
!#(&
!=(
*,*)%=^
!) x]S6/eGbf dfly
#&
)
$!)=*
s'n
&%%!@
!))
&&,&(&=!)
;|f]tM lhNnf kz';]jf sfof{no, ;Kt/L, aflif{s k'l:tsf, @)^*)^(

)=)))!
)=^)
!=%)
&=!
!%=!
#!=%
!$=%
!!=%
^=$
!!=#
)=%
!))

!
@
#
$
%
^
&
*
(
!)
!!

$=% e"pkof]u ;DjGwL gS;fx?

e"pkof]u ;DjGwL lgDgfg';f/sf] gS;fx? ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 .
-s_ e"jlu{s/0f gS;fx?
-v_ le/fnf]kg gS;fx?
-u_ s[lif e"pkof]u gS;f
-3_ aftfa/0f ;+j]bglzn If]q gS;f
-_ zx/L e"pkof]u gS;f

32

5.

v08%M zx/Ls/0f tyf jl:t ljsf;sf] :j?k

%=! zx/Ls/0f
;Kt/L lhNnfdf zx/L ljsf;sf] k|lqmof /fhlj/fhaf6 lj=;= !(($(% df g]kfnsf] klxnf]
of]hgfa4 gu/ljsf; of]hgfsf] ?kdf ;'? ePsf] lyof] . o;nfO{ @)!^ ;fndf gu/kflnsf
3f]if0ff ul/of] . zx/L ljsf;sf] k|lqmof olt cufl8b]lv ;'? eP klg cGo gu/x?sf] t'ngfdf
o; gu/sf] ljsf; / lj:tf/ Go"g b]lvG5 . /fhlj/fh gu/kflnsf jfx]s o; lhNnfdf xfn}
g]kfn ;/sf/n] 3f]if0ff cg';f/ s~rg?k / zDe'gfy gofF gu/kflnsf yk ePsf] 5 . o;sf]
;fy} dx]Gb| /fhdfu{ / cGo k|d'v af6fx?sf] 5]p5fpsf jl:tx? zx/Ls/0f tkm{ pGd'v ePsf]
kfO{G5 . tL :yfgx?df ef/bx, xg'dfggu/, eQ]k'/, a/dlemof s~rgk'/, sNof0fk'/, kftf],
a;f{og, cflb k|d'v x'g . oL zx/pGd'v jl:tx?n] u|fld0f 7"nf ahf/ If]qx?;Fu cGt/ ;DjGw
/fVg] sfddf ;xof]u k'/\ofO{ /x]sf 5g\ . g]kfn ;/sf/n] xfn} u/]sf] lg0f{o cg';f/ @ j6f gofF
gu/kflnsfx? 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] 5 . gofF gu/kflnsfx?sf] s]Gb| s~rgk'/ j]l/o/ / df]xgk'/ s]Gb|
/flvPsf] 5 . o;/L xfn ;Kt/L lhNnfdf # j6f gu/kflnsfx? /x]sf 5g\
/fhlj/fh gu/kflnsfsf] kl/ro
/fhlj/fh ;Kt/L lhNnfsf] Ps dfq k'/fgf] gu/kflnsf xf] . lj=;+= !(($(% ;fndf ;Ktsf]zL
gbLn] ;Kt/L lhNnfsf] tTsflng ;b/d'sfd xg'dfggu/nfO{ s6fg ug{ yfn]kl5 ;b/d'sfd ;fg{
/fhlj/fhsf] :yfkgf eof] . o; gu/sf] of]hgf th'{df ^) lj3fdf OlGhlgo/ l8NnL h+un] u/]sf
lyP . lj=;+= !((* ;fndf ;b/d'sfd xg'dfggu/af6 /fhlj/fh ;fl/of] . lj=;+= @)!^ ;fndf
/fhlj/fhnfO{ gu/kflnsf 3f]if0ff ul/of] . 6fpg Knflgsf] b[li6sf]0fn] of] zx/ ef/tsf] hok'/
h:t} 5. zx/L If]qsf] lj:tf/ x'Fb} hfFbf hDdf !) j8fdf afFl8Psf] /fhlj/fh gu/kflnsfsf] s'n
If]qkmn !!=(^ ju{ lsnf]ld6/ /x]sf] 5 (CBS, 2001, p. 19) .-lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt ;Kt/L , ;Kt/L
lhNnf kfZj{lrq, @)^)_ .
hgu0fgf @)%* / @)^* cg';f/ /fhlj/fh gu/kflnsfsf] s'n hg;+Vof, 3/kl/jf/ ;+Vof /
hg3gTjsf] t'ngfTds l:ylt tflnsf g+= %=! df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=5.1: /fhlj/fh gu/kflnsfsf] hg;+Vof ;DjGwL ljj/0f
ljj/0f
hgu0fgf @)%*
hgu0fgf @)^* a[l4 -k|ltztdf_
s'n hg;+Vof
#)#%#
#&&#*
@$=##
dlxnf
!$!%$
!*)%$
@&=%%
k'?if
!^!((
!(^*$
@!=%!
3/kl/jf/ ;+Vof
%$$%
&&$#
s'n If]qkmn ju{ ls=dL=
!!=(^
hg3gTj -k|lt ju{ ls=ld=_
@%#&=**
;|f]tM Intensive Study and Research Center (2013), District & VDC Profile of Nepal-2013
33

hgu0fgf @)^* cg';f/ /fhlj/fh, z+e'gfy / srg?k gu/kflnsfx?sf] s'n hg;+Vof,

3/kl/jf/ ;+Vof, hg3gTj, cf}ift kl/jf/sf] cfsf/ / n}ls cg'kft ;DjGwL tYof tflnsf g+=
%=@ df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsfg+=5.2M gu/kflnsf cg';f/sf] 3/kl/jf/sf] cfsf/, n}ls cg'kft / hg3gTj
hg;+Vof
gu/kflnsf
/fhlj/fh
zDe'gfy
s~rg?k

3/kl/jf/
7751
5817
9430

hDdf

k'?if

dlxnf

38241
30207
48691

20044
14334
23638

18197
15873
25053

>f]t M s]=t=lj -@)^(_ rf}dfl;s tYof ultljlw

If]qkmn
cf}ift
hg3gTj
n}ls
-ju{ kl/jf/sf]
-k|lt
cg'kft
ls=dL=_ cfsf/
j=ls=dL=_
12

4.93
5.20
5.17

110.2
90.3
94.4

3197

Year 35, Volume 105, No.-1, 2011/12, tflnsf

g+= !#

%=@jl:t ljsf;sf] :j?k / jl:t C+vnf

d'Vo d'Vo ahf/ s]Gb|x?, s]Gb| /x]sf uflj;x?, ahf/ nfUg] lbg / ;b/d'sfdb]vLsf] b'/L ;DjGwL
hfgsf/L tflnsf g+= %=# df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=5.3M d'Vo d'Vo ahf/ / ;b/d'sfdb]lvsf] b'/L
qm=;= ahf/sf] gfd
uflj;
ahf/ nfUg] lbg
;b/d'sfdb]l
vsf] b'/L
!
/fhlj/fh
/fhlj/fh
;f]djf/ / ljlxaf/
)
gu/kflnsf
@
xg'dfggu/
xg'dfggu/
;f]daf/ / ljlxaf/
!@
#
s+rgk'/
s+rgk'/
cfO{tjf/, d+unaf/ /
@!
ljlxaf/
$
kmQ]k'/
kmQ]k'/
;f]daf/ / z'qmaf/
@#
%
s7f}gf
df]xgk'/
zlgaf/ / ;f]daf/
!*
^
sNofgk'/
sNofgk'/
z'qmaf/ / ;f]djf/
@!
&
s8/jf]gf
s'zxf
zlgaf/ / a'waf/
@&
*
j;f{Og
j;f{Og
cfO{af/ / ljlxaf/
@^
(
kftf]
kftf]
d+unaf/ / zlgaf/
!*
!)
e]l8ofxf6
nf]xhf/f
zlgaf/ / d+unaf/
!*
!!
l;tfk'/ rf]s
l;tfk'/
j'waf/ / zlgaf/
!%
!@
dx'nL xf6
asw'jf
z'qmaf/ / ;f]djf/
@)
!#
lj/]Gb|ahf/
t]/xf]tf
z'qmaf/ / d+unaf/
!#
!$
?kgL xf6
/fok'/
cfO{tjf/ / j'wjf/
(
!%
cgf{xf
cgf{xf
j'waf/ / zlgaf/
!)
!^
kTy/uf8f
kTy/uf8f
&
34

qm=;= ahf/sf] gfd

uflj;

ahf/ nfUg] lbg

;b/d'sfdb]l
vsf] b'/L
@#
!)
!$
!%
!%
!%
!^
!@
!%
!)
!%
!&
!)
!)
&
@%
!%
!)
@*
!@
!#
@)
&
!@
#*
#%
@$
@&
@%
@!
@@

!&
l;:jf
l;:jf
zlgaf/ / j'wjf/
!*
l5Ggd:tf
l5Ggd:tf
cfO{tjf/ / j'wjf/
!(
g3f]{
g3f]{
z'qmaf/ / d+unjf/
@)
9f9f] kf]v/L
e'6sL
;f]djf/ / ljlxaf/
@!
kf]tf{xf
kf]tf{xf
d+unaf/ / z'qmaf/
@@
vf]S;/ k|jfxf
vf]S;/ k|jfx
cfO{tjf/ / j'waf/
@#
dfg/fhf
dfg/fhf
zlgaf/ / j'wsf/
@$
;f/:j/
;f/:j/
d+unjf/ / j'wjf/
@%
g]u8f
g]u8f
@^
sf]Onf8L
sf]Onf8L
cfO{tjf/ / j'wjf/
@&
ef/bx
ef/bx
d+unjf/ / z'qmaf/
@*
j/dlemof
a/dlemof
@(
d+;fk'/
aegudfs6\6L
zlgaf/
#)
aygfxf
aygfxf
z'qmjf/ / d+unaf/
#!
l8dg
l8dg
#@
?kgu/
?kgu/
j'wjf/ / zlgaf/
##
eulg xf6
sdnk'/
a'wjf/ / zlgaf/
#$
;s/k'/f
;s/k'/f
#%
l;d/fx
7]lnof
z'qmaf/ / ;f]djf/
#^
k|;jgL :s'n
k|;jgL
z'qmaf/ / d+unaf/
#&
agf}nL
agf}nL
a'waf/ / cfO{tjf/
#*
dx'nL
jsw'jf
z'qmjf/ / cfO{tjf/
#(
tf]kf
aegudfs6\6L
z'qmaf/ / ;f]djf/
$)
gx/ rf}s sf] j;f{Og
sf] j;f{Og
$!
jnf{bx -cf]b|fxf_, kmQ]k'/ kmQ]k'/
d+un, ljxL / zlgaf/
$@
sdnk'/
sdnk'/
a'waf/ / zlgjf/
$#
sbdfxf
dw'k6\6L
a'wjf/ / cfOtjf/
$$ xlb{of
el8of
cfO{tjf/ / ljlxaf/
$%
ag/em'nf
ag/em'nf
cfO{tjf/ / ljlxaf/
$^
dw'k6\6L
ag/em'nf
ljlxaf/ / cfOtjf/
$&
e]l8of
cfO{tjf/ / ljlxaf/
;|f]tM lhNnf kz';]jf sfof{no, ;Kt/L, aflif{s k'l:tsf, @)^*^(
;Kt/L lhNnfdf j:tL ljsf;sf] :j?k / j:tL C+vnf ;DjGwdf hgu0fgf @)%* / @)^*
cg';f/ kfFr xhf/eGbf dflysf] hg;+Vof ePsf uflj;x? tflnsf g+= %=$ df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5
.
35

tflnsf g+=5.4M kfFr xhf/ eGbf dfly hg;+Vof ePsf uflj;x?

qm=;++

uflj;gkf

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.

cgf{xf
cf}/fxL
aSwpjf
adgufdfsL
agf}nL
a;}{g -sf]=_
aygfxf
a]NxLrk]gf
eujtk'/
efxf
ef/bx
jL/k'/ a/xL
la;xl/of
af]8]a;L{g
8fwf
wgu9L
w/dk'/
wf]wgk'/
kmls/f
km'nsxL
udxl/of k/jfxf
xg'dfggu/
xlb{of
xl/k'/
Og/jf km'nal/of
O6xl/ lji0f'k'/
hd'gLdfw]k'/
sNof0fk'/
sdnk'/
s+rgk'/
vf]hk'/
sf]rfav/L
s'zfxf
nfnfk6L
nf]xhf/f
dfwjk'/
dxfb]jf
dn]sk'/
dn]y

s'n hg;+Vof
@)%*

4617
4579
7730
6967
5237
4987
4403
5554
4229
4526
6434
6180
6996
4967
5122
4667
4738
4879
4614
4106
5757
5751
5066
4945
5535
5210
6424
7825
4820
6007
4665
5374
6058
4771
5323
4790
5867
6149
5598

s'n hg;+Vof
@)^*

5006
5300
8365
8068
5757
5458
5011
5807
5022
6119
7124
6504
7120
5633
6290
5201
5545
5864
5477
5074
6145
6275
5286
5406
5403
6335
7766
8724
5334
7435
5063
6241
6695
5509
5570
5730
5807
6601
6696

36

hg;+Vof a[l4
389
721
635
1101
520
471
608
253
793
1593
690
324
124
666
1168
534
807
985
863
968
388
524
220
461
-132
1125
1342
899
514
1428
398
867
637
738
247
940
-60
452
1098

hg;+Vof a[l4
k|ltztdf

8.4254
15.746
8.2147
15.803
9.9293
9.4446
13.809
4.5553
18.751
35.197
10.724
5.2427
1.7724
13.408
22.804
11.442
17.033
20.189
18.704
23.575
6.7396
9.1115
4.3427
9.3225
-2.385
21.593
20.89
11.489
10.664
23.772
8.5316
16.133
10.515
15.468
4.6402
19.624
-1.023
7.3508
19.614

qm=;++
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.

uflj;gkf
dNxlgof
df}jfxf
df]xgk'/
gwf]{
ks/L
kf6f]
kYy/uf8f
kf]6{xf
k|;agL
/fdk'/fdNxlgof
?kgu/
zDe'gfy
;/:j/
l;d/fxf l;luo'F
l;:jf laxL
t]/xf}6f
y]lnof
lqsf}nf

s'n hg;+Vof
@)%*

7477
4095
4923
6066
5798
4378
4938
4592
5604
6165
5070
6275
4739
4487
5762
4490
5850
4065

s'n hg;+Vof
@)^*

7820
5079
5673
7235
6412
5394
5198
5179
6212
6786
5162
6632
5662
5213
6286
5230
6314
5200

hg;+Vof a[l4
343
984
750
1169
614
1016
260
587
608
621
92
357
923
726
524
740
464
1135

hg;+Vof a[l4
k|ltztdf

4.5874
24.029
15.235
19.271
10.59
23.207
5.2653
12.783
10.849
10.073
1.8146
5.6892
19.477
16.18
9.0941
16.481
7.9316
27.921

;|f]tM Intensive Study and Research Center (2013), District & VDC Profile of Nepal-2013

;Kt/L lhNnfdf j:tL ljsf;sf] :j?k / j:tL C+vnf ;DjGwdf hgu0fgf @)%* / @)^*
cg';f/ bz xhf/eGbf j9L hg;+Vofsf] ePsf uflj;x?df l5Ggd:tf, kmQ]k'/ / /fok'/ /x]sf 5g\
. pQm uflj;x?sf] s'n hg;+Vof / a[l4b/ ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= %=% df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5
.
tflnsf g+=5.5:bz xhf/ eGbf dfly hg;+Vof ePsf uflj;x?
s'n hg;+Vof
s'n hg;+Vof
qm=;++ uflj;gkf
hg;+Vof a[l4
@)%*
@)^*
1.
8729
10136
1407
l5Ggd:tf
2.
10192
11303
1111
kmQ]k'/
3.
9573
10214
641
/fok'/

hg;+Vof a[l4
k|ltztdf
16.119
10.901
6.6959

;|f]tMIntensive Study and Research Center (2013), District & VDC Profile of Nepal-2013

%=# zx/L tyf u|fdL0f If]qdf cfjf; l:ylt

;Kt/L lhNnfdf s'n 3/kl/jf/ ;+Vof ! nfv @! xhf/ ^$ /x]sf] 5 . h;dWo] lghL 3/ kl/jf/
! nfv !^ xhf/ $ ;o %!, ef8fdf a:g] 3/kl/jf/ @ xhf/ ^ ;o %$ / ;+:yfut # ;o ^$
/x]sf] 5 . o; lhNnfsf] zx/L tyf u|fld0f If]qdf cfjf; l:yltsf af/]df vf; u/L lghL, ef8f /
;+:yfut :jfldTj cg';f/sf] 3/ kl/jf/ ;+Vof tflnsf g+= %=^ df pNn]v 5 .
37

tflnsf g+=5.6:3/sf] :jfldTj cg';f/sf] 3/kl/jf/ ;+Vof

hDdf 3/ kl/jf/
If]q
hDdf
lghL
ef8f
g]kfn
5423297
4623653
694701
k"lj{ t/fO{
799526
707914
69940
;Kt/L
121064
116451
2654

cGo
;+:yfut
34313
7438
364

70630
14234
1595

;|f]tM s]lGb|o tYof ljefu, rf}dfl;s tYof ultljlw, aif{ #%, efu !)%, cs+ !, @)!!@)!@,
tflnsf ! .

3/sf] hu h:t} df6f]sf] hf]8fO{ ePsf], l;d]06sf] hf]8fO{ ePsf], 9nfg lkn/ ;lxtsf], sf7sf]
vDjf cg';f/sf] 3/sf] husf] k|sf/ cg';f/sf] 3/ kl/jf/ ;+Vof ;DjGwL hfgsf/L tflnsf g+=
%=& df pNn]v 5 .
tflnsf g+=5.7:3/sf] husf] k|sf/ cg';f/sf] 3/kl/jf/ ;+Vof
hDdf
If]q
g]kfn
k"lj{
t/fO{
;Kt/L

5423297
799526
121064

husf] k|sf/
9nfg
sf7sf]
lkn/
vDjf
;lxtsf]
uf8]sf]

df6f]sf]
hf]8fO{
ePsf]
O6f9'+uf

l;d]G6sf]
hf]8fO{
ePsf]
O6f9'+uf

952702
172962

539004
92709

1350151
417882

126281 57718
68404 7882

8584

22682

4273

78765

4498

2397441
39687

cGo

gv'n]sf]

2262

;|f]tM s]lGb|o tYof ljefu, rf}dfl;s tYof ultljlw, aif{ #%, efu !)%, cs+= !, @)!!@)!@,
tflnsf @ .

3/sf] aflx/L ufXf]sf] k|sf/ cg';f/sf] 3/kl/jf/ ;+Vof ;DjGwL hfgsf/L tflnsf g+= %=* df
k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=5.8:3/sf] aflx/L ufXf]sf] k|sf/ cg';f/sf] 3/kl/jf/ ;+Vof
hDdf
If]q
g]kfn
k"lj{
t/fO{
;Kt/L

5423297
799526
121064

ufXf]sf] k|sf/
sf7kmNofs afF; hGo
;fdfu|L

df6f]sf]
hf]8fO{
ePsf]
O6f9'+uf

l;d]G6sf]
hf]8fO{
ePsf]
O6f9'+uf

2244112 1558823 287859

25546
243388 51143

1096988 61317 112694 61504

461731
1057 8200
8461

6349

25367

84001

1511
38

sfrf]
O6f

237

cGo

1093

gv'n]sf]

2506

;|f]tM s]lGb|o tYof ljefu, rf}dfl;s tYof ultljlw, aif{ #%, efu !)%, cs+ !, @)!!@)!@,

tflnsf # .

3/sf] 5fgf] h:t} v/, k/fn, 5jfnL, h:tf, l6g, Rofb/, 6fon, vk6, lem+u6L, 9'f, l;d]06
9nfg, sf7, kmNofs cflbsf] 5fgf]sf] k|sf/ cg';f/sf] 3/kl/jf/ ;+Vof ;DjGwL hfgsf/L tflnsf
g+= %=( df k|:t't 5 .
tflnsf g+=5.9:3/sf] 5fgf]sf] k|sf/ cg';f/sf] 3/kl/jf/ ;+Vof
5fgf]]sf] k|sf/
hDdf

If]q

v/
k/fn
5jfnL

5423297

g]kfn
k"lj{
t/fO{
;Kt/L

h:tfl6g
Rofb/

6fon vk8f
lem+u6L
9'+uf

l;d]069nfg sf7
kmNofs

df6]

cGo

gv'n]sf]

1032282

1532804

1446998

1219060

44069

59029

22703

66352

799526

197001

386807

69204

132125

3278

2463

8648

121064

62465

27716

13602

14167

617

233

2264

;|f]tM s]lGb|o tYof ljefu, rf}dfl;s tYof ultljlw, aif{ #%, efu !)%, c+s !, @)!!@)!@,

tflnsf $ .

kl/jf/n] aQL afNg cS;/ k|of]u ug]{ ;fwgx? h:t} ljh'nL, dLt]n, uf]a/JofF;, ;f]nf/ cflb
cg';f/sf] 3/kl/jf/ ;+Vof tflnsf g+= %=!) df pNn]v 5 .
tflnsf g+=5.10M kl/jf/n] aQL afNg cS;/ k|of]u ug]{ ;fwg cg';f/sf] 3/kl/jf/ ;+Vof
If]q
g]kfn

hDdf
5423279

k"jL{ t/fO{

799526

;Kt/L

121064

lah'nL

3647746
(67%)
576181
(72%)
50747
(42%)

aQL afNg cS;/ k|of]u ePsf] ;fwg

dLt]n
uf]a/UofF;
;f]nf/
cGo

991510
(18%)
206807
26%)
66975
(55%)

15264
(0.3%)
2715
(0.3%)
277
(0.3)

403504
(7%)
6636
(1%)
1213
(1%)

330170
(6%)
1973
(.2%)
156
(0.1%)

gv'n]sf]
35103
(1%)
5214
(1%)
1696
(1%)

gf]6M sf]i7s -_ leq /x]sf] c+sn] ;DjlGwt ;"rssf] e|dfz+ -k|ltzt_ nfO{ hgfpF5 .
;|f]t M s]lGb|o tYof ljefu, @)^( r}q, rf}dfl;s tYof ultljlw, aif{ #%, efu !)%, c+s !, @)!!@)!@,
tflnsf & .

39

6.

v08^M lhNnfsf] cfly{s tyf /f]huf/Lsf] l:ylt

^=!lhNnf cy{tGqsf] ;+/rgfTds :j?k

o; lhNnfsf] ;du| cy{tGqsf] cj:yfsf af/]df pNn]v ubf{ s[lif, kz', l;+rfO{, dnvfb, pBf]u
tyf vfgL, Jofkf/, ko{6g tyf ;]jf If]qcflbsf] rrf{ ug{' pko'Qm ePsf]n] tn logLx?s} af/]df
pNn]v ug]{ oyf{y l:ylt emNsfpg] k|of; ul/Psf] 5 .
^=@ s[lif
lgjf{xd'vL s[lif pTKffbg k|0ffnLnfO{ ljljlws/0f tyf Joj;foLs/0f u/L k|lt:kwf{Tds P+j
dof{lbt s[lif k]zfsf] ?kdf ?kfGt/0f u/L lbuf] s[lif ljsf;sf] dfWodaf6 s[ifsx?sf]
hLjg:t/df ;'wf/ Nofpg lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no ;Kt/L lqmoflzn /x]sf] 5 . o;n] lbuf]
s[lif ljsf; / jftfj/0f ;+/If0f ljr ;Gt'ng sfod ub}{ k|fs[lts >f]t ;fwfgx?sf] ;+/If0f,
;+j4{g tyf ;b'kof]u ug]{ / s[lif pTkfbg tyf pTkfbsTjdf kl/0ffTds P+j u'0ffTds a[l4 u/L
lhNnfdf vfB kf]if0f ;'/Iff ;'lglZrt ug]{ / lgsf;L of]Uo pRr d"Nojfg afnL a:t'x?sf]
pTkfbg a9fO cfoft k|lt:yfkg tyf lgof{t k|j4{g ug]{ tkm{ lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no
sfo{/t /x]sf] 5 . lhNnfsf] ;du| s[lif If]qsf] cfwf/e"t tYof o; k|sf/ tflnsf g+= ^=! df
pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=6.1M aflif{s cfwf/e"t tYof
qm=;= ;"rs
cf=j= @)^*^( cf=j= @)^(&) km/s
! s'n s[ifs kl/jf/
#)*@^
#)*%)
@$
@ v]tL ul/Psf] hldg -x]S6/_
&))))
&))))
)
@=! v]t -x]S6/_
;|f]tM lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no, ;Kt/L, aflif{s s[lif ljsf; sfo{qmd tyf tYof k'l:tsf
@)^(&),
k|d'v afnLx? / afnLdf nfUg] d'Vo d'Vo /f]ux? tyf ls/fx? ;DjGwL hfgsf/L tflnsf g+= ^=@
df pNn]v 5 .
tflnsf g+=6.2M k|d'v afnLx?df nfUg] d'Vo /f]u tyf ls/fx?
qm=;= afnL
/f]u
ls/f
! wfg
d?jf, ljPnlj, v}/f
kft a]?jf, ujf/f] / km8\s]
@ ux'
kmf]lno/ AnfO{6
# ds}
8f+7 s'lxg], 3f]3f s'lxg]
km]b s6'jf v'd|], ujf/f]
$ cfn'
89'jf
v'd|], cfnsf] k'tnL
% sfpnL;d'x
j]gf{ s'lxg], cN6/g]l/of lnkm s6ad{, jGbfsf] k'tnL nfxL,
AnfO{6, af]/f]gsf] sdL
8L=aL= Pd.
^ uf]ne]8f, eG6f, 79'jf /f]u, cf]Onfpg], df]Hofs
nfxL, ;]tf] lem+uff, kmn ujf/f],
v';f{gL
dfO6;, ly|K;
40

qm=;= afnL
/f]u
& Kofh
a]gf{ s'lxg], kft 89'jf
* nx/]
t/sf/L kfp8/L ldN8, uf]df]l;;
jfnL ;d'x

ls/f
u|LK;
/ftf] vK6], kmn s'xfpg] cf};f
sL/f, ly|K;, dfO6;, kt]/f],
nfxL
( t]nxg afnL
cN6/g]l/of lnkm :kf]6
nfxL
!) cfFk
PGy|]sgf]h
dw'jf, :6f]n jLlen, 8fF7df
nfUg] ujf/], kmn s'xfpg] cf}zf
sL/f
;|f]tM lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no, ;Kt/L, aflif{s s[lif ljsf; sfo{qmd tyf tYof k'l:tsf
@)^(&)
lhNnfsf] k|d'v cGgafnLx? ltgLx?sf] v]tL x'g] If]qkmn, pTkfbg / pTKffbsTj ;DjGwL cf=j=
@)^*)^( sf] tYof tflnsf g+= ^=# df k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=6.3M lhNnfdf cGgafnLsf] If]qkmn, pTkfbg / pTkfbsTj -cf=j= @)^*)^(_
cGgafnL
If]qkmn -x]=_
pTkfbg -d]=6=_
pTkfbsTj - s]hLx]=_
60000
177000
2950
wfg
4000
8000
2000
ds}
250
375
1500
sf]bf]
18000
45600
2533
ux'F
;|f]t M GoN/MoAD/Agri-Business Promotion and Statistics Division, Statistics Section, Statistical
Information on Nepalese Agriculture 2011/012, Table 1.2

lhNnfsf] gub]afnLsf] If]qkmn, pTkfbg / pTKffbsTj ;DjGwL cf=a= @)^*)^( sf] tYof
tflnsf g+= ^=$ df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=6.4M gub]afnLsf] If]qkmn, pTkfbg / pTkfbsTj -cf=j= @)^*)^(_
gub]afnL
If]qkmn -x]=_
pTkfbg -d]=6=_
pTkfbsTj - s]hLx]=_
4200
3440
0.82
t]nxg
5150
62904
12214
cfn'
40
1600
400000
pv'
;|f]t M GoN/MoAD/Agri-Business Promotion and Statistics Division, Statistics Section, Statistical
Information on Nepalese Agriculture 2011/012, Table 2.2

lhNnfsf] t]nxgafnLsf] If]qkmn, pTkfbg / pTKffbsTj ;DjGwL cf=a= @)^*)^( sf] tYof
tflnsf g+= ^=% df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=6.5M t]nxg afnLsf] If]qkmn, pTkfbg / pTkfbsTj -cf=j= @)^*)^(_
t]nxg
tf]/L
;/:o"F

If]qkmn -x]=_
2000
800

pTkfbg -d]=6=_
1800
720

41

pTkfbsTj -s]hLx]=_
900
900

t]nxg
If]qkmn -x]=_
700
/fof]
100
;'o{d'vL
100
ltn
500
cfn;
;|f]tMGoN/MoAD/Agri-Business Promotion

pTkfbg -d]=6=_
560
90
70
200

pTkfbsTj -s]hLx]=_
800
900
700
400

and Statistics Division, Statistics Section, Statistical

Information on Nepalese Agriculture 2011/012, Table 2.3

lhNnfsf] d'Vo d;nfafnLsf] If]qkmn, pTkfbg / pTKffbsTj ;DjGwL cf=a= @)^*)^( sf]
tYof tflnsf g+= ^=^ df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=6.6M d'Vo d;nfafnLsf] If]qkmn, pTkfbg / pTkfbsTj -cf=j= @)^*)^(_
d;nfafnL
If]qkmn -x]=_
pTkfbg -d]=6=_
pTkfbsTj - s]hLx]=_
110
770
7.00
cb'jf
115
920
8.00
n;'g
268
3220
12.01
a];f/
270
675
2.50
v';f{gL
hDdf

763

5585

7.32

;|f]t M GoN/MoAD/Agri-Business Promotion and Statistics Division, Statistics Section, Statistical

Information on Nepalese Agriculture 2011/012, Table 2.12

lhNnfsf] bnxgafnLsf] If]qkmn, pTkfbg / pTKffbsTj ;DjGwL cf=a= @)^*)^( sf] tYof
tflnsf g+= ^=& df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g++=6.7Mbnxg afnLsf] If]qkmn, pTkfbg / pTkfbsTj -cf=j= @)^*)^(_
bnxg afnL
If]qkmn -x]=_
pTkfbg -d]=6=_
pTkfbsTj - s]hLx]=_
7125
8676
1218
d';'/f]
831
439
528
;fgf] s]/fp
571
430
753
c8x/
41
21
504
df;
13
14
1077
3f; s]/fp
763
384
504
uxt
20
21
1007
e6df;
1056
995
942
cGo
10420
10979
1054
hDdf
;|f]t M GoN/MoAD/Agri-Business Promotion and Statistics Division, Statistics Section, Statistical
Information on Nepalese Agriculture 2011/012, Table 3.2

lhNnfdf ePsf 3/kfn'jf hgjf/x?sf] ;+Vof ;DjGwdf cf=a= @)^*)^( sf] tYof tflnsf g+=
^=* df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
42

tflnsf g+=6.8M 3/kfn'jf hgfj/sf] ;+Vof / ljt/0f -cf=j= @)^*^(_

qm=;+=
ljj/0f
;+Vof
162383
!
ufO{
105380
@
e};L
1006
#
e]8f
174963
$
afv|f
17622
%
;'+u'/
831735
^
s'v'/f
8667
&
xfF;
;|f]t M GoN/MoAD/Agri-Business Promotion and Statistics Division, Statistics Section, Statistical
Information on Nepalese Agriculture 2011/012, Table 4.3

cf=a= @)^*)^( df lhNnfdf b'w lbg] hgjf/x? / pTkfbg ;DjGwL tYof tflnsf g+= ^=(
df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=6.9M b'w lbg] hgfj/x? / pTkfbg -cf=j= @)^*)^(_
ufO{
e};L
s"n b'w pTkfbg -d]=6=_
;+Vof pTkfbg -d]6_
;+Vof
pTkfbg -d]6_
17126
8730
27353
24343
33073
;|f]t M GoN/MoAD/Agri-Business Promotion and Statistics Division, Statistics Section, Statistical
Information on Nepalese Agriculture 2011/012, Table 4.4

cf=a= @)^*)^( df lhNnfdfx'g] df;' pTkfbg ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= $$ df pNn]v
ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=6.10M v'b df;' pTkfbg / o;sf] ljt/0f -cf=j= @)^*)^(_
qm=;+= df;'sf] k|sf/
pTkfbg -d]=6=_
1
/fFuf]sf] df;'
2377
2
d6g
5
3
v;Lsf] df;'
2106
4
a+u'/sf] df;'
291
5
s'v'/fsf] df;'
744
6
xfF;sf] df;'
6
hDdf pTkfbg
5529
;|f]t M GoN/MoAD/Agri-Business Promotion and Statistics Division, Statistics Section, Statistical
Information on Nepalese Agriculture 2011/012, Table 4.5

43

cf=a= @)^*)^( df lhNnfsf] c08f pTkfbg ;DjGwL tYof tflnsf g+= ^=!! df pNn]v
ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=6.11Mc08f pTkfbg / ljt/0f -c08f ;+Vof !))) df_
s'v'/f
xfF;
s"n c08f pTkfbg
;+Vof
c08f ;+Vof
;+Vof
c08f ;+Vof
123097

10909

6624

544

11453

;|f]t M GoN/MoAD/Agri-Business Promotion and Statistics Division, Statistics Section, Statistical

Information on Nepalese Agriculture 2011/012, Table 4.6

cf=a= @)^*)^( df lhNnfdf pg pTkfbg ;DjGwL tYof tflnsf g+= ^=!@ df pNn]v
ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=6.12M pg pTkfbg / ljt/0f -cf=j= @)^*)^(_
e]8fsf] ;+Vof
pg pTkfbg -s]=hL=_
1006

735

;|f]t M GoN/MoAD/Agri-Business Promotion and Statistics Division, Statistics Section, Statistical

Information on Nepalese Agriculture 2011/012, Table 4.7

cf=a= @)^*)^( df lhNnfdf tnfpsf] If]qkmn / df5fsf] pTkfbg ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+=
^=!# df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=6.13M tnfpmsf] If]qkmn / df5fsf] pTkfbg -cf=j= @)^*)^(_
kf]v/Lsf] ;+Vof
kf]v/Lsf] If]qkmn s"n df5f
pTkfbsTj s]=hL=x]=
x]S6/_
2120

906

3200000

3532

;|f]t M GoN/MoAD/Agri-Business Promotion and Statistics Division, Statistics Section, Statistical

Information on Nepalese Agriculture 2011/012, Table 5.3

cf=a= @)^*)^( df lhNnfdf cldnf] kmnkm"nsf] pTkfbg If]qkmn / pTkfbg ;DjGwL ljj/0f
tflnsf g+= ^=!$ df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=6.14M cldnf] kmnkm"nsf] pTkfbg If]qkmn / pTkfbg -cf=j= @)^*)^(_
cldnf] kmnkm"n
If]qkmn -x]=_
pTkfbg If]qkmn pTkfbg pTkfbsTj
x]=_
d]=6=_
d]=6=x]=
5
5
35.5
7.10
sfutL
hDdf

36

7.10

;|f]t MGoN/MoAD/Agri-Business Promotion and Statistics Division, Statistics Section, Statistical

Information on Nepalese Agriculture 2011/012, Table 6.2

44

cf=a= @)^*)^( df lhNnfdf pi0f kmnkm"nsf] If]qkmn, pTKfbg / pTkfbg If]qkmn ;DjGwL
ljj/0f tflnsf g+= ^=!% df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=6.15M pi0f kmnkm"nsf] If]qkmn, pTkfbg / pTkfbg If]qkmn
pi0f kmnkm"n
If]qkmn -x]=_
pTkfbg If]qkmn - pTkfbg -d]=6=_
pTkfbsTj
x]=_
d]=6=x]=
5450
4415
27715
6.28
cfFk
1000
800
7910
9.89
s]/f
20
10
50
5
cDaf
55
45
400
8.89
d]jf
30
25
665
26.60
?v s6x/
18
14
217
15.50
e'OFs6x/
155
142
987
6.95
lnRrL
12
10
16
1.60
cf/sfg6
14
7
18
2.57
gl/jn
s"n hDdf

6754

5468

37978

6.95

;|f]t MGoN/MoAD/Agri-Business Promotion and Statistics Division, Statistics Section, Statistical

Information on Nepalese Agriculture 2011/012, Table 6.4

cf=a= @)^*)^( df lhNnfdf pknJw t/sf/Lsf] If]qkmn, pTkfbg / pTkfbsTj ;DjGwL

ljj/0f tflnsf g+= ^=!^ df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=6.16M t/sf/Lsf] If]qkmn, pTkfbg / pTkfbsTj -cf=j= @)^*)^(_
t/sf/Lsf] lsl;d
sfpnL
aGbf
a|f]sfpnL
uf]ne]8f
d'nf
a|f]8 d:68{ lnkm
ufh/
e]8] v';f{gL
s]/fp
k|m]+r aLg
k|m]+r aLg kf]n 6fOk
sfpkL

If]qkmn -x]=_

pTkfbg -d]=6=_

2100
1750
3
540
350
50
20
2
45
21
15
435

25200
23100
23
8100
4200
645
218
8
212
160
165
4220

pTkfbsTj

12
13
8
15
12
13
11
4
5
8
11
10

-d]=6=x]=_

;|f]t MGoN/MoAD/Agri-Business Promotion and Statistics Division, Statistics Section, Statistical

Information on Nepalese Agriculture 2011/012, Table 6.6

cf=a= @)^*)^( sf] df}Hbft / cf=a= @)^()&) df lhNnfdf k|fKt dnvfbsf] sf/f]jf/
;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= ^=!& df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
45

tflnsf g+=6.17M dnvfbsf] sf/f]af/ l:ylt, cf=a= @)^(&) -d]= 6g_

dnsf] k|sf/ cf=a= @)^*^( cf=a= @)^(&) hDdf df}Hbft cf=a= @)^(&) cf=a= @)^(&)
sf] df}Hbfg
sf] k|fKt
sf] nIo
sf] lalqm kl/df0f
o'l/of
6200
2791300
2797500
2500000
2538500
l8PkL
2758750
2758750
1000000
2547850
kf]6f;
110600
110600
100000
110600
edL{sDkf]i6
7050
92600
99650
71625
hDdf
13250
5753250
5766500
3600000
5268575
>f]tM lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no ;Kt/L, aflif{s s[lif ljsf; sfo{qmd tyf tYof+s k'l:tsf, @)^(&)

cf=a= @)^*)^( / @)^()&) df lhNnfdf /x]sf] xf6ahf/ ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+=
^=!* df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=6.18M xf6ahf/ ;DaGwL ljj/0f
xf6ahf/sf] lsl;d
OsfO{
cf=a= @)^*^(
cf=a= @)^(&)
cw{ ;fKtflxt
;+Vof
!
!
;fKtflxs
;+Vof
!^
!^
>f]tM lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no ;Kt/L, aflif{s s[lif ljsf; sfo{qmd tyf tYof+s k'l:tsf, @)^(&)

cf=a= @)^*)^( / @)^()&) df lhNnfdf /x]sf] l;t e08f/ ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+=
^=!( df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=6.19M l;t e08f/ ;DjGwL ljj/0f
ljj/0f
cf=a= @)^*^(
cf=a= @)^(&)
;+Vof
!
!
Ifdtf -d]=6=_
!@))
!^
>f]tM lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no ;Kt/L, aflif{s s[lif ljsf; sfo{qmd tyf tYof+s k'l:tsf, @)^(&)

cf=a= @)^*)^(df lhNnfdf vfB pknJwtf / cfjZostf ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= ^=@)
df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=6.20M vfB pknAwtf / cfjZostfsf] l:ylt -cf=j= @)^*)^(_
wfg

96330

ds}

684

vfB pTkfbg -d]=6=_

sf]bf]
ux'F
hf}+

306

36291

kmfk/

hDdf

133611

cfjZostf d]=6=_
118529

;+lrlt
15082

;|f]t MGoN/MoAD/Agri-Business Promotion and Statistics Division, Statistics Section, Statistical

Information on Nepalese Agriculture 2011/012, Table 11.8

lhNnfdf cjl:yt s[lif ;]jf s]Gb|x?n] tL ;]jf s]Gb|x?n] ;]jf k'ofpg] uflj;x? ;DjGwL ljj/0f
tflnsf g+= ^=@! df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .

46

tflnsf g+=6.21M s[lif ;]jf s]Gb|n] ;]jf k'/\ofpg] uflj;x?sf] ljj/0f

qm=;=
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.

uflj;sf] gfd

v]tL ul/Psf] If]qkmn

s'n If]qkmn -x]=_

!= s[lif ;]jf s]Gb|, s~rgk'/

477.87
s~rgk'/
610.68
wd{k'/
1197.43
?kgu/
1197.17
7]lnof
502.57
hutk'/
406.84
jbufdf
582.19
a/dlemof
832.32
dwjfk'/
648.52
kf]tf{xf
1918.88
ef/bx
1450.15
jsw'jf
1006.62
nf]xhf/f
468.66
d}gfs8]/L
590.68
l8dg
696.25
lqsf]n
108.45
j]/jf
1318.79
kmQ]k'/
584.06
cf]b|fxf
581.3
sdnk'/
1201.53
3f]3gk'/
542.14
lkk|fk"j{
948.62
l;tfk'/
1161.34
k|;jgL
655.66
h08f}n
639.04
xl/x/k'/
507.55
uf]O7L
@= s[lif ;]jf s]Gb|, sf]rfavf/L
462.74
b]p/L e?jf
747.78
sf]rfavf/L
947
a/xLlj/k'/
685.44
kmls/f
1432.35
l5Ggd:tf
808.88
nfnfkL
362.24
nf}lgof
438.98
ltnf7L
951.34
ljifxl/of
692.59
O6x/L lji0f'k'/
1031.62
l;d|xf l;+Uof}g
47

wgx/

eL6

366.86
424.71
648.33
819.74
433.95
345.45
484.56
751.62
506.22
1735.56
964.32
481.14
350.57
458.08
583.2
844.8
799.35
432.02
477.93
470.73
487.33
815.63
853.61
532.66
524.14
432.31

80.8
161.22
303.34
100.44
46.37
26.17
43.02
40.19
7.62
87.01
252.25
87.86
25.67
88.8
33.59
81.82
163.57
74.76
29.36
119.27
20.13
48.39
149.9
76.7
72.3
39.36

362.78
650.72
862.52
558.91
1196.13
683.72
328.42
553.13
808.61
590.68
841.66

20.94
21.86
48.34
49.72
112.66
67.09
17.72
42.16
45.07
48.05
45.6

qm=;=
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.

uflj;sf] gfd

v]tL ul/Psf] If]qkmn

s'n If]qkmn -x]=_

#= s[lif ;]jf s]Gb|, kftf]

611.41
ag}lgof
675.64
kftf]
640.32
t/xL
635.27
e'txL
968.98
cf}/xL
774.44
em'6sL
1040.65
g3f]{
752.88
jgf}nL
781.7
cgf{xf
526.98
jgf}nf
870.4
kTy/uf8f
963.1
udxl/of k|jfxf
861.46
j]nxL rk]gf
717.99
j|Xdk'/
613
sljnf;f
$= s[lif ;]jf s]Gb|, af]b] a/;fOg
590.83
af]b] j;f{Og
762.92
km'nsfxL
535.76
dfg/fhf
802.22
/f}tx6
774.19
sfrg
595.21
b]p/L
526.38
df}jfxf
813.99
j]NxL
384.51
/fdgu/
1579.27
dNxlgof
827.94
l;:jf j]NxL
678.41
wgu9L
790.49
g]u8f
650.1
;f/:j/
623.75
v8uk'/
%= s[lif ;]jf s]Gb|, s8/jf]gf
555.92
l6s'lnof
806.59
k6]jf{
896.21
vf]hk'/
602.6
xlb{of
1016.41
bf}ntk'/
934.15
dw'kL
976.45
s'zxf
1012.6
xl/k'/
48

wgx/

eL6

498.64
543.17
554.84
563.36
798.36
669
805.72
620.14
658.58
423.18
721.02
845.08
733.09
608.75
440

40.38
51.14
20.41
36.36
37.6
28.38
52.86
39.26
52.02
41.17
42.25
41.16
55.18
52.16
41.43

393.3
609.12
404.07
723.14
602.7
472.74
445.1
594.52
287.8
647.07
710.55
569.69
622.06
531.85
502.17

47.74
39.7
38.19
44.68
83.83
46.82
31.68
63.85
41.96
179.23
53.59
56.47
22.12
46.68
33.1

365.98
402.06
621.36
549.0
602.01
664.96
995.87
848.97

75.20
104.35
159.73
126.88
185.66
170.91
332.09
59.38

qm=;=
76.
77.
78.
79.
80.
81.
82.
83.
84.
85.
86.
87.
88.
89.
90.
91.
92.
93.
94.
95.
96.
97.
98.
99.
100.
101.
102.
103.
104.
105.
106.
107.
108.
109.
110.
111.

uflj;sf] gfd

v]tL ul/Psf] If]qkmn

s'n If]qkmn -x]=_

wgx/

588.96
dnxgjf
710.73
kG;]/f
669.54
jg/e'mnf
920.99
lkk|f klZrd
^= s[lif ;Dks{ s]Gb|, tf]kf
896.64
dxb]jf
464.74
eujtk'/
313.73
Ogjf{
863.58
jegufdf sL
477.38
sf]= dw]k'/f
863.08
ks/L
534.6
8f9f
578.25
jygfxf
&= s[lif ;Dks{ s]Gb|, xg'dfggu/
1144.75
hf]lulgof ! g+=
555.59
hf]lulgof @ g+=
983.38
xg'dfggu/
783.38
uf]a/uf9f
318.06
sf]Onf8L
1704.96
sf]= a/;fOg
343.10
;s/k'/f
1579.27
/dk'/f dNxlgof
*= s[lif ;Dks{ s]Gb|, dn]sk'/
778.13
af]l/of
1018.2
dn]sk'/
1094.2
hd'gL dw]k'/f
695.71
dn]7
506.27
km;}{7
734.79
lbwjf
990.67
/fhlj/fh g=kf=
(= s[lif ;Dks{ s]Gb|, sNof0fk'/
1457.36
sNof0fk'/
1079.59
e+uxf
500.38
d}gf ;x;|jfx'
530.46
df]xgk'/
718.54
/fdk'/ hd'jf
675.65
a;jnk'/
840.59
Ogjf{ km'njl/of
!)= s[lif ;Dks{ s]Gb|, ?kgL
1669.39
/fok'/
987.84
vf]S;/ k|jfxf

49

eL6

504.16
584.64
554.75
325.94

30.62
89.24
90.89
230.3

745.81
400.27
272.67
753.63
426.1
736.04
482.21
533.47

40.31
32.13
24.6
59.48
30.33
46.92
23.62

1046.37
431.34
911.05
711.05
229.55
1616.41
272.31
447.04

57.17
25.35
21.28
21.28
33.11
41.01
28.71
179.12

614.04
824.31
858.32
559.45
420.85
512.31
693.90

80.17
58.83
94.6
107.04
54.57
35.55
219.99

850.53
655.32
415.36
426.18
603.19
541.1
695.06

291.34
207.67
60.37
59.62
36.86
65.38
64.3

1160.90
489.12

270.10
375.16

qm=;=
112.
113.
114.
115.

uflj;sf] gfd
t}/xf]tf
s6}of
a;ljl
zDe'gfy

v]tL ul/Psf] If]qkmn

s'n If]qkmn -x]=_

wgx/

1049.87
615.48
355
1174.87

eL6

678.19
388.41
283.54
947.30

147.32
62.45
48.3
12.45

>f]tM lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no ;Kt/L, aflif{s s[lif ljsf; sfo{qmd tyf tYof+s k'l:tsf, @)^(&)

lhNnfsf] afnL k|0ffnL tyf afnL ;3gtf ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= ^=@@ df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5
.
tflnsf g+=6.22M afln k|0ffnL tyf afnL ;3gtf
l;+lrt If]q
cw{ l;+lrt If]q
cl;+lrt If]q
wfg wfg cfn'
wfg ux'F vfnL
wfg Kofh vfnL
wfg wfg ux'F
wfg t]nxg vfnL
wfg vfnL vfnL
wfg cfn' vfnL
wfg cfn' vfnL
wfg bnxg vfnL
wfg ux'F d'Fu
wfg vfnL vfnL
wfg cfn' vfnL
wfg ux'F r}t] wfg
wfg Kofh vfnL
wfg t/sf/L vfnL
wfg t/sf/L
wfg bnxg vfnL
ds} t]nxg vfnL
wfg ux'F d'Fu
wfg t/sf/L vfnL
wfg ux'F vfnL
wfg ux'F d'+u
wfg Kofh vfnL
>f]tM lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no ;Kt/L, aflif{s s[lif ljsf; sfo{qmd tyf tYof+s k'l:tsf, @)^(&)

cf=a= @)^()&) df lhNnfsf] vfBfGg jf;nft ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= ^=@# df pNn]v
ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=6.23M lhNnfsf] vfBfGg jf;nft cf=a= @)^(&)
afln pTkfbg
If]qkmn
vfBfGg pTkfbg
e08f/0f Iflt
k|ltzt
afFsL
cfjZos aLp
jLp b/
kz'k+IfL cfxf/
k|ltzt
afFsL
dlb/fdf k|of]u
k|ltzt
afFsL
k|zf]wg gf]S;fg

OsfO{
x]S6/
d]=6=
d]=6=

d]=6=
d]=6=
s]hLx]=
d]=6=

d]=6=
d]=6=

d]=6=
d]=6=

wfg

ux'F

20750
57625
5762.5
10
51862.5
1245
60
611.5
1.2
50006
500
1
49506
18812.3

15000
30000
3600
12
26400
1800
120
396
1.5
24204
242
1
23962
958.48

50

ds}

2500
6050
1028.5
17
5021.5
62.5
25
1506.4
30
3452.6
69.1
2
3383.5
135.35

sf]bf]

200
240
48
2
192
3
15
2.5
1.3
186.5
149.2
80
37.3
0.19

hDdf

38450
93915
10439
83476
3110.5
220
2516.4
77849.1
960.3
76888.8
19906.31

afln pTkfbg
k|ltzt
afFsL
l56km'6
k|ltzt
vfg of]Uo

OsfO{

d]=6=
d]=6=

d]=6=

wfg

ux'F

38
30693.7
537.14
1.75
30156.6

4
23003.52
230
1
22773.5

ds}

4
3248.15
32.5
1
3215.65

sf]bf]

0.5
37.11
0.45
1
36.66

hDdf
56982.48
800.09
56182.39

>f]tM lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no ;Kt/L, aflif{s s[lif ljsf; sfo{qmd tyf tYof+s k'l:tsf, @)^(&)

cf=a= @)^()&) df lhNnfsf] vfBfGg ;+lrltsf] cj:yf ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= ^=@$ df
pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=6.24M lhNnfdf VffBGg ;+lrltsf] cj:yf -@)^(&)_
ljj/0f

OsfO{
kl/df0f
lhNnfsf] s'n hg;+Vof
;+Vof
672,863
lhNnfsf] s'n vfBfGg pTkfbg
d]=6=
93,915
k|lt JolQm rflxg] cfjZos vfBfGg
s]hL
201
lhNnfsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ vfBfGg
d]=6=
135,245.38
lhNnfsf] nflu jflif{s s'n vfBfGg pknAwtf
d]=6=
56,182.39
lhNnfdf gk'u vfBfGg
d]=6=
-79,062.99
>f]tM lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no ;Kt/L, aflif{s s[lif ljsf; sfo{qmd tyf tYof+s k'l:tsf, @)^(&)

^=#l;+rfO{
;Kt/L lhNnfdfs'n &^ xhf/ ( ;o $( x]S6/ e"ld dWo] %^ xhf/ * ;o ^# x]S6/ hldgdf
l;+rfO{ ;'ljwf k'u]sf] 5 . tflnsf g+= ^=@% cg';f/ ;Kt/L lhNnfdf sl/j &$ k|ltzt If]qkmn
hldgdf l;+rfO{ ;'ljwf pknJw /x]sf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=6.25M l;+rfO{sf] jt{dfg cj:yf -cf=j= @)^*)^(_
s"n If]qkmn -x]S6/df_

l;+lrt If]qkmn -x]S6/df_

l;+lrt If]qkmn _k|ltzt_

76949
56863
73.89
;|f]t M GoN/MoAD/Agri-Business Promotion and Statistics Division, Statistics Section, Statistical
Information on Nepalese Agriculture 2011/012, Table 10.1

lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no ;Kt/Lsf] aflif{s s[lif ljsf; sfo{qmd tyf tYof+s k'l:tsf,
@)^(&) cg';f/ ;Kt/L lhNnfdf pknJw l;+rfO{sf >f]tx? ;DjGwL ljj/0fx? tflnsf g+=
^=@^ df k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .

51

tflnsf g+=6.26M ljleGg l;+RffO{ k|0ffnLx?sf] l;rfO{ ;'ljwf

l;+rfO{ >f]tx?
l;+rfO{ Ifdtf - l;+lrt If]q -x]=_
x]=_
rGb| gx/af6
sf]zL klZrdL gx/ ljt/0f k|0ffnL tkm{
sf]zL kDk gx/ k|0ffnL
sf]zL ljt/0f k|0ffnL
u|fld0f k"jf{wf/ ljsf; sfo{qmd
l;+rfO{ ;]S6/x?
hDdf

10500

8000

13300
11700
3655
5845
45000

6616
7853
3655
2500
28624

s'n Ifdtfsf]
pkof]u k|ltzt
76.2

49.7
67.1
100.0
42.8
63.6

>f]tM lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no ;Kt/L, aflif{s s[lif ljsf; sfo{qmd tyf tYof+s k'l:tsf,
@)^(&)
lhNnfdf ;]S6/ sfo{qmd cGtu{t l;+rfO{ ;'ljwf k'u]sf uflj;x? / If]qkmn ;DjGwL ljj/0f
tflnsf g+= ^=@& df pNn]v 5 .
tflnsf g+=6.27M ;]S6/ sfo{qmd cGtu{t l;+rfO{ ;'ljwf k'u]sf uflj;x? / If]qkmn
qm=;= >f]t
uflj;
l;+lrt If]qkmn -x]=_
380
! kf}8f l;+rfO{
w/dk'/, ?kgu/
210
@ ;'?uf l;+rfO{
s'zxf
400
# ;8s l;+rfO{
sNof0fk'/
200
$ lj3}{gf l;+rfO{
s'zfxf
220
% sh/fwf/ l;+rfO{
j;jnk'/
1050
^ dx'nL l;+rfO{
h08f}n / asw'jf
980
& vfF8f] l;+rfO{
vf]S;/
350
* 8'd/hf]/ l;+rfO{
s'zfxf
1200
( ;'Gb/L l;+rfO{
?kgu/, w/dk'/
10742
!) cGo df};dL afFw, k}gL, s'nf]
?kgu/, w/dk'/
8087
!! :ofnf] 6\o"j]n / cGo
?kgu/, w/dk'/
4247
!@ bx, kf]v/L 6\o"aj]n / ;fgf l;+rfO{
?kgu/, w/dk'/
sfo{qmd
28,066
hDdf
>f]tM lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no ;Kt/L, aflif{s s[lif ljsf; sfo{qmd tyf tYof+s k'l:tsf,
@)^(&)
^=$ kz' ;]jf
o; lhNnfsf s[ifsx?sf] d'Vo Joj;fo cGgv]tL ePtf klg kz'kfngnfO{ /fd|f] Joj;fosf] ?kdf
lnPsf 5g\ . kz' pTkfg a9fpg kz'k+IfLsf] :jf:Yo, :ofxf/ ;Dxf/, kz'kfng, kz' cfxf/sf]
;'wf/, ul/jL lgjf/0f h:tf sfo{qmdnfO{ nlIft u/L sfo{qmd ;~rfng e} /x]sf] 5 . o;
lhNnfsf] s[ifs ju{x?sf] cfly{s pGgtLsf] nflu s[ifsx?sf] 3/b}nf]df ;]jf k'ofpg lhNnf kz'
52

;]jf sfof{no / o; cGt/ut kfFr j6f kz' ;]jf s]Gb| / !@ j6f kz';]jf pks]Gb| sfo{/t 5g\ .
o; ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= ^=@* df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=6.28M kz';]jf s]Gb|pks]Gb| ljj/0f
qm=;= ;]jf s]Gb|pks]Gb|
!
s~rgk'/ s]Gb| -Onfsf g= $_
@
#=
$
%
^
&
*
(
!)
!!
!@
!#
!$
!%
!^
!&=
!*

uflj;x?
s~rgk'/, wd{k'/, ?kgu/, 7]lnof, awufdf /
a/dlemof,
aygjf s]Gb| -Onfsf g= ^_
aygjf, dxb]jf, eujtk'/, b]p/L e?jf, hf]lulgof
g=! / sf]= dw]k'/f
sf]rfjvf/L s]Gb| -Onfsf g= *_
sf]rfavf/L, a/xLjL/k'/, kmls/f, l5Ggd:tf /
nfnfkl6\6
kftf] s]Gb| -Onfsf g= !@_
kftf], v8\sk'/, t/xL, e'txL, cf}/xL, alglgof, g3f]{ /
em'6sL
s8/af]gf s]Gb| -Onfs g= !&_
xlb{of, bf}ntk'/, dw'kl6|6, s'zxf, xl/k'/ dnxgdf,
kg;]/f, ag/em'nf / lkk|f klZrd
dwjfk'/ pks]Gb| -Onfsf g= !_
dwjfk'/, kf]tf{xf / ef/bx
dx'nL pks]Gb| -Onfsf g= #_
aswjf,nf]xhf/f, d}gfs8]/L, l8dg, lqsf]n / a}/jf
kmQ]k'/ pks]Gb| -Onfsf g+= #_
kmQ]k'/, cf]b|fxf, sdnk'/, 3f]3gk'/, lkk|fk'j{ /
hutk'/,
l;tfk'/ pks]Gb| -Onfsf g+= %_
l;tfk'/, k|;jgL, hG8f]n, xl/k'/, ks/L, 8f9f /
uf]O7L
sf]Onf8L pks]Gb| -Onfsf g+= #_
sf]Onf8L, sf]j;f{Og, ;s/k'/f, /dk'/f, dNxgLof,
nf}lgof, ltnf7L / lj;\xl/of
l;d|fxf l;luof}g pks]Gb| -Onfsf g+= jf]l/of, O6x/L lji0f'k'/ / l;d|fxf l;luof}g
(_
dn]sk'/ pks]Gb| -Onfsf g+= (_
dn]sk'/, hd'gL dw]k'/f, dn]7, km;]{7, lb3jf /
/fhlj/fh gu/kflnsf
?kgL pks]Gb| -Onfsf g+= !!_
/fok'/, vf]S;/ k|jfxf, t]/xf}tf, s6}of / a;lj6\6L
agf}nL pks]Gb| -Onfsf g+= !#_
agf}nL, cgf{xf, agf}nf, kTy/uf8f, udxl/of k|jfxf,
a]lnrk]gf, j|Dxk'/ / sljnf;f
sNofgk'/ pks]Gb| -Onfsf g+= !$_
sNofgk'/, e+ufxf, d}g;x:qjfx', df]xgk'/, /fdk'/
hd'jf, j;f}nk'/ ;De'gfy / Og?jf km'njl/of
afb]j;f{Og{ pks]Gb| -Onfsf g+= !%_ afb]j;f{Og, km"nsfxL, dfg/fhf, /f}tx6, sfrg, b]p/L,
df}jfxf, j]NxL / /fdgu/
wgu9L pks]Gb| -Onfsf g+= !^_
l6s'lnof, k6]jf{, dnxlgof, vf]hk'/, l;:jfj]NxL,
wgu9L, g]8f / ;f/:j/
xg'dfggu/ pks]Gb| -Onfsf g+= !_
jdgudfs6\6L, uf]j/uf8f, xg'dfg gu/, hf]lulgof
g+= @, hutk'/ / Ogjf{

;|f]tM lhNnf kz' ;]jf sfof{no, ;Kt/L, jflif{s k'l:tsf, @)^*)^(

53

lhNnfdf kz' ;]jf ;DjGwL ks]6sf] lsl;d, ks]6 ;+Vof / ks]6 If]q cGtu{t kg]{ uflj;x?
;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= ^=@( df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=6.29M kz' ;]jf ;DaGwL ks]6 If]qx?sf] ljj/0f
ks]6sf] ks]6
qm=;+=
ks]6 If]q cGtu{t kg]{ uflj;sf] gfd
lsl;d ;+Vof
hf]lulgofF,as3'jf,l;tfk'/,sNofgk'/,?kgu/,/f=la=,kmt]k'/,g3f]{, l5Ggd:tf /
! ufO{
!)
/fok'/
sf]rfavf/L, nfnfk6L, agf}nL, kftf], dNxlgofF, cf}/L, km;]{7, laifxl/of,
@ e}+;L
!( a/lxla/k'/,dn]sk'/,sf]Onfl8,dn]7,l8dg,aygfxf,
/fok'/,
hd'lg,
d3]k'/f,O6xl/lai0f'k'/, sGrgk'/ / /Dk'/fdNxlgofF
as3'jf,l;tfk'/,vf]S;/k|jfxf,dn]sk'/,kmt]k'/,h08f}n,sNofgk'/,
# afv|f !^
s8/af]gf,agf}nL,3d{k'/,s+rgk'/,sdnk'/,lb3jf ,t/lx / e'tlx
$ a+u'/
)
)
% s'v'/f * /f=la=,xlb{of,kmt]k'/,l;tfk'/,xl/k'/,dn]7,s+rgk'/, / sNofgk'/
hDdf %#
;|f]tM lhNNff kz' sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&!
lhNnfdf kz' ;]jf cGt/ut ks]6 Kofs]h sfo{qmd ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= ^=#) df pNn]v
ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=6.30M ks]6 Kofs]h sfo{qmd ;DjGwL ljj/0f
qm=;= lsl;d
uflj;x?
!
Joj;foLs ufO{
;Ltfk'/, kmQ]k'/, dx'nL / /fhlj/fh gu/kflnsf
@
Joj;foLs e};L
O6x/L, lji0f'k'/, s+rgk'/, jygfx, /Dk'/f / dNxlgofF
#
ul/jL lgjf/0f afv|f
;Ltfk'/, dn]sk'/, vf]S;/, k|jfxf, sdnk'/, lb3jf / t/xL
$
cfo cfh{g afv|f
kmQ]k'/ / ;Ltfk'/
%
e};L lj8/ ;d'x
;Dk'/f, dNxlgofF, ljifxl/of / b]p/L e?jf
^
3fF; l;8 a}+s, -hf}_
O6x/L / lai0f'k'/
&
zDe'gfy, dn]sk'/ / dNxlgofF
j[xQ/ e};L ljsf;
sfo{qmd
;|f]tM lhNnf kz' ;]jf sfof{no, ;Kt/L, jflif{s k'l:tsf, @)^*)^(
lhNnfdf kz' kfngdf ;DnUg ;d'xx? ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= ^=#! df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=6.31M kz'kfngdf ;DnUg ;d'x ;DaGwL ljj/0f
54

qm=
ljj/0f
;+=
1 kz'kfng Joj;fodf

s= k'?if

;+nUg ;d"x

v= dlxnf
u= ldl>t
hDdf

@)^^^&

cfly{s jif{
@)^&^* @)^*^(

@)^(&)

44
18
22
84
1522
465332.

46
53
19
118
1833
544987.

54
63
34
151
2644
644860.

51
58
31
140
2265
615667.

2 ;d"xx?sf] hDdf s[ifs kl/jf/

xx?sf] lxt sf]if /sd -?=
3 ;d"
xhf/_
;|f]tM lhNNff kz' sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&!
lhNnfdf pknJw kz'sf] lsl;d / ;+Vof ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= ^=#@ df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5
.
tflnsf g+=6.32M kz'sf] lsl;d / ;+Vof
qm= kz'sf]
;+= lsl;d
1
2
3
4
5
6

@)^&^*
pGgt :yfgLo hDdf
ufO{
20122 141543 161665
e};L
40678 44779 85457
afv|f
81543 85112 166655
e]*f
0
1522 1522
a+u'/;'u'/ 8133 6613 14746
s'v'/f 621447 5542 626989
hDdf

kz'sf] ;+Vof
@)^*^(
pGgt :yfgLo hDdf
21205 142674 163879
42233 47456 89689
83776 86778 170554
0
1631 1631
8997 7155 16152
712112 6159 726271

@)^(&)
pGgt :yfgLo hDdf
21997 144866 165863
43775 48991 92766
85998 88331 174329
0
1701 1701
10885 7789 18674
725675 7287 732962

j[l4x|f; -_
:yfgLo pGgt hDdf
2=6 3=73
3=23 3=65
3 2=65
4=29 0
8=86 20=98
18=31 2

;|f]tM lhNNff kz' sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&!

lhNnfdf kz' cfxf/fdf pkof]uL x'g] s[lif pkh kbfy{sf] pTkfbg l:ylt ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf
g+= ^=## df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=6.33M lhNnfdf kz' cfxf/fdf pkof]uL s[lif pkh kbfy{sf] pTkfbg l:ylt
qm=;+=
s[lif hGo pk kbfy{
s'n pTkfbg -d]=6=_
1
2595260
k/fn
2
1264040
ux' 5jfnL
3
124240
ds} 9f]8
4
10852
s/]bf] 6'Kkf]
5
15483
pv'sf] 6'Kkf]
6
74981
;;'/fsf] e';f
7
12110
tf]/Lsf] lkgf
8
130000
af;sf] kft
55

;|f]tM lhNNff kz' ;]jf sfof{no, ;Kt/L, aflif{s k'l:tsf, @)^*^(

ljut rf/ jif{df lhNnfdf b]vf k/]sf kz' /f]ux? ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= ^=#$ df pNn]v
ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=6.34M kz' /f]ux?sf] ljj/0f
pkrf/ u/fPsf]
k|efljt
k|efljt kz'
d[t
qm=
kz' ;+Vof
kz' /f]u x'g;Sg]
;+=
kz'k+IfL @)^&^* @)^&^* @)^*^( @)^(&) @)^*^( @)^(&)
1 lk=lk=cf/
535
466
144
99
391
367
afvf|
535
466
144
99
391
367
hDdf
;|f]tM lhNNff kz' sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&!
lhNnfdf kz' :jf:Yodf ;'wf/ ug{ ckgfO{Psf pkfox? ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= ^=#% df
pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=6.35M kz' :jf:Yodf ;'wf/ ug{ ckgfOPsf pkfox?
EoflS;g];g ;]jfsf] ;+Vof
s[lqd uef{wfgsf] ;+Vof
qm= ;]jf k'ofpg]
;+= OsfOx?
@)^&^* @)^*^( @)^(&) @)^&^* @)^*^( @)^(&)
lhNnf kz' ;]jf
15432
20765
22987
4621
5032
5081
1
sfof{no
kz' ;]jf s]Gb| tyf
7543
988
2
5578
6877
508
765
pks]Gb|
3 lghL k|of;af6
0
0
0
0
0
0
u|fdL0f kz' :jf:Yo
4566
0
4
3221
3987
0
0
sfo{stf{
24231
31629
35096
5129
5797
6069
hDdf
;|f]tM lhNNff kz' sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&!
lhNnfdf kz'hGo kbfy{sf] pTkfbg ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= ^=#^ df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=6.36M kz'hGo kbfy{sf] pTkfbg -d]=6gdf / ;+Vofdf_
j[l4Xf;
a[l4 jf x|f;
qm=
kz'hGo
pTkfbg l:ylt -cf=j=_
@)^^^& @)^&^* @)^*^( @)^(&)
x'g'sf sf/0fx?
-% _
;+=
kbfy{
1= b'w ufO{
e};L
hDdf
2= df;' /fFuf]
v;Laf]sf
e]8fy'df

13546

14951

15351

15806

20233
33779
23123
4356
2

21485
36436
24644
4423
2=5

22049
37400
2557
4524
3=13

22674
38480
2629
4661
3=23

56

2=96

qm=

kz'hGo

;+=

kbfy{

j[l4Xf;

pTkfbg l:ylt -cf=j=_

@)^^^& @)^&^* @)^*^(

a+u'/
177
183
s'v'/f /
1091
1102
xfF;
v/fof]
0
0
df5f
0
0
hDdf
28749 30352
3= s'v'/fsf] km'n
pTkfbg -xhf/ 18765 20223
uf]6f_

@)^(&)

192

198

1141

1189

0
0

0
0

8414

8677

21531

25901

-% _

a[l4 jf x|f;
x'g'sf sf/0fx?

4=21

4= e]+8Rof+u|fsf]
0
0
0
0
pmg pTkfbg d]=6=_
5= 5fnf pTkfbg
0
0
0
0
-afv|f e}+;L_uf]6f_
;|f]tM lhNNff kz' sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&!
lhNnfdf kz';]jfdf ;DnUg u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx? ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= ^=#& df pNn]v
ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=6.37M kz' ;]jfdf ;DnUg u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx?sf] ljj/0f
qm=;= ;+:yfsf] gfd
;+Vof
kz';]jf ;DjGwL u/]sf sfdx?
! s[lif ljsf; a}+s
%
ufO{, uf]?, e};L vl/b ug]{ / kz' cf}ifwL k;n
@ /fli6o afl0fHo a}+s
$
ufO{, uf]?, e};L vl/b ug]{ / kz' cf}ifwL k;n
# b'w vl/b laqmL
!&
s[ifsaf6 b'w vl/b u/L b'Uw kbfy{ bxL, Wo",
;xsf/L ;+:yf
klg/, ld7fO{ cflb agfO{ laqmL ljt/0f tyf b'Uw
ljsf; cfof]hgf lj/f6gu/ / ef/tdf lalqm
$ u|fld0f ljsf; a}+s
$
kz' kfngdf C0f nufgL
% :jfanDjg ljsf;
@
kz' kfngdf C0f nufgL
a}+s
^ ;fgf ls;fg ljsf;
%
kz' kfngdf C0f nufgL
cfof]hgf
;|f]tM lhNnf kz' ;]jf sfof{no, ;Kt/L, jflif{s k'l:tsf, @)^*)^(

57

^=%lhNnfsf] cy{tGqsf] ljlzli6s/0f

;Kt/L lhNnfsf] cy{tGq d"ntM s[lifdf cfwfl/t 5 . clwsf+z s[ifsx? lgjf{xd'vL s[lif k]zfdf
;DnUg 5g\ . s[lif ;DjGwL ljleGg ks]6 If]qx? 3f]if0ff u/L s[lifnfO{ Joj;foLs/0f ug]{ k|of;
ul/Psf] 5 . xfn cfP/ lhNnfsf] cy{tGqdf a}b]lzs /f]huf/af6 k|fKt x'g] ljk|]if0fsf] 7"nf] of]ubfg
/x]sf] 5 . o;}u/L lhNnfdf /x]sf s]xL pBf]uwGbf, Jofkf/, ;]jfd"ns Joj;fo cflbn] klg
lhNnfsf] cy{tGqdf dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]n]sf 5g\ .
^=^ cfly{s cGt/;DjGw
o; lhNnfdf lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt, gu/kflnsfx? / uflj;x?sf] lhNnfdf sfo{/t ;a} ljifout
sfof{nox? h:t} s[lif, ag, lzIff, :jf:yo nufot ;a} ;Fu sfo{ut Pstf sfod /x]sf] 5 .
ljleGg ;/f]sf/jfnf ljifout lgsfox? h:t} s[lif / jg, ag / aftfj/0f cflbx?;Fu klg
;xsfo{ ug]{ k/Dk/f sfod /x]sf] 5 . ;fy} l5d]sL lhNnfx? l;/fx, pbok'/, wg'iffsf ljrdf s[lif
pTkfbg nufot ;fgf ltgf 3/]n' pTkfbgx?sf] cfot tyf lgof{t x'g] u/]sf] 5 . l5d]sL d'n's
ef/t;Fu j9L dfqfdf vfB ;fdfu|L nofot nQf sk8fx? / cGo b}lgs pkof]Uo ;fdfu|Lx?
cfot ug]{ ul/Psf] 5 . o; lhNNffaf6 ef/t lgsf;L vf;} x'g ;s]sf cj:yf 5}g . cfufdL
lbgdf lhNnfdf pTkflbg s[lif nufot cGo pTkfbgx?nfO{ ef/tsf] ahf/df k'/\ofpg ;s]
;Kt/Laf;Lsf] cfocfh{gdf a[l4 x'g uO{ hLjg:t/ psf:g klg ;xof]u k'Ug] b]lvG5 .
^=&lhNnfsf] j}b]lzs nufgLsf] l:ylt
;Kt/L lhNnfdf a}b]lzs nufgL ;DjGwdf vf;} pNn]Vo tYof pknJw x'g ;s]g . a}b]lzs
/f]huf/Laf6 k|;:t ljk|]if0f lhNnfdf k|fKt x'g] u/]tf klg ;f]sf] oyfy{ ljj/0f k|fKt ug{ sl7g
/x\of] . lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt dfkm{t lhNnfsf] ljsf;df ;xof]u ug]{ ljsf; ;fFem]bf/ lgsfox?n]
ljut nfdf] ;dob]lv ;xof]u ub}{ cfPsf] kfO{G5 . vf;u/L ef/tLo b'tfjf;, o"lg;]km g]kfn,
o"Pgl8lk, o"PgPkmlkP, d]8]k h:tf ;+:yfx?n] k"jf{wf/ ljsf;, afnaflnsf tyf dlxnf, kl/jf/
lgof]hg, n3' ljQ ljsf;, Ifdtf ljsf; h:tf If]qdf cfly{s tyf k|fljlws ;xof]u ub}{ cfPsf
5g\ . lhNnfdf bft[ lgsfox? -ljsf; ;fFem]bf/x?_ sf] ;xof]u ;DjGwL ljj/0fx? tn tflnsf g++
^=#* df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=6.38M lhNnf bft[ lgsfox?af6 pknJw ;xof]usf] l:ylt
qm=
;=
1
2
3
4
5

ljj/)f

cf=j=
206566

cf=j=
206667

cf=j=
206768

cf=j=
206869

cf=j=
206970

o"lg;]km
o"PgPkmlkP
ef/tLo
/fhb'tfjf;
Pnlhl;l8kL
o"Pgl8lk
hDdf

8023394

8107990

11557867

17354774

3984211

61753

1019966

2484120

1634553

755174

14632073

13183193

22353511

63281320

1399775

19115208

12993832

1028453

22847345

32357185

1800000

1869300

717115

97056

41832428

37174281

25866084

24578954

38496345

;|f]tM lhlj; ;Kt/L, @)&!

58

^=* 3/kl/jf/sf] cfo:t/ tyf ul/jLsf] l:ylt

3/kl/jf/sf] cfo:t/ tyf ul/jLsf] l:ylt tyf ;DkGgtfsf] :tl/s/0fsf] cj:yf ;DjGwL ljj/0f
tflnsf g+= ^=#( df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=6.39M ;DkGgtfsf] :tl/s/0fsf] cj:yf
clt ljkGg 3/w'/L
ljkGg 3/w'/L
dWod 3/w'/L ;DkGg 3/w'/L
hDDff

;|f]tM lhNnf hf]lvd kfZj{lrq, ;Kt/L, @)&) -ck|sflzt_

;Kt/L lhNnf / /fhlj/fh gu/kflnsfsf ul/aLsf] b/, laifdtf / uxgtf ;DjGwL ljj/0f
tflnsf g++ ^=$) df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+= 6.40M lhNnf / gu/kflnsfsf] ul/aLsf] b/, ljifdtf / uxgtf, @)^*
qm=;+=

lhNnfsf] gfd

1
2

ul/aLsf] b/
-k|ltzt_

ul/aLsf] ljifdtf ul/aLsf] uxgtf

-k|ltzt_
-k|ltzt_

39.49(1.93)
10.03(0.76)
3.58(0.35)
;Kt/L
21.22(4.19)
5.23(1.33)
1.87(0.57)
/fhlj/fh gu/kflnsf
gf]6M sf]i7s -_ leq /x]sf] c+sn] ;DjlGwt ;"rssf] e|dfz+ -k|ltzt_ nfO{ hgfpF5 .
;|f]tM s]lGb|o tYof+s ljefu -@)&)_, g]kfndf ul/aLsf] n3'If]q cg'dfg, @)^* cg';"rL ! / @

u/Lax?sf]
;+Vof

251579
7987

;Kt/L lhNnfsf] Onfsf:t/Lo ul/aLsf] b/ / ul/aLsf] ;+Vof ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g++ ^=$! df
pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+= 6.41MOnfsfx?sf] ul/aLsf] b/ / u/Lax?sf] ;+Vof, @)^*
Onfsf g+=
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
13
14
15
16

ul/aLsf] b/
-k|ltzt_

45.32(4.23)
41.34(4.1)
34.23(4.1)
33.97(3.72)
40.9(4.22)
43.88(4.31)
45.13(4.21)
43.13(4.76)
40.54(4.87)
39.89(6.1)
39.31(4.75)
46.76(4.04)
40.17(4.11)
35.71(3.6)
47.88(4.07)
39.07(4.04)

ul/aLsf] ljifdtf
-k|ltzt_

11.84(1.65)
10.6(1.59)
8.17(1.38)
8.27(1.3)
10.32(1.59)
11.18(1.64)
11.99(1.7)
11(1.82)
10.28(1.83)
9.97(2.23)
9.71(1.72)
12.59(1.71)
10.13(1.55)
8.71(1.27)
12.96(1.74)
9.77(1.52)

59

ul/aLsf] uxgtf
-k|ltzt_

4.29(0.76)
3.8(0.73)
2.77(0.58)
2.87(0.57)
3.66(0.71)
3.98(0.74)
4.41(0.8)
3.92(0.82)
3.67(0.82)
3.52(0.99)
3.39(0.75)
4.68(0.82)
3.6(0.7)
3.02(0.55)
4.83(0.84)
3.46(0.69)

u/Lax?sf] ;+Vof
13827
12886
12326
11475
14608
16168
17572
14594
12461
5755
11271
20259
14441
15622
18974
16200

Onfsf g+=

ul/aLsf] b/
-k|ltzt_

17
18

33.9(3.09)
21.22(4.19)

ul/aLsf] ljifdtf
-k|ltzt_

8.05(1.04)
5.23(1.33)

ul/aLsf] uxgtf
-k|ltzt_

u/Lax?sf] ;+Vof

2.74(0.44)
1.87(0.57)

15143
7987

gf]6M sf]i7s -_ leq /x]sf] c+sn] ;DjlGwt ;"rssf] e|dfz+ -k|ltzt_ nfO{ hgfpF5 .

;|f]tM s]lGb|o tYof+s ljefu -@)&)_, g]kfndf ul/aLsf] n3'If]q cg'dfg, @)^* cg';"rL, #
;Kt/L lhNnfsf] nlIft If]qx?sf] ul/aLsf] b/, ljifdtf / uxgtf ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g++
^=$@ df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+= 6.42MnlIft If]qx?sf] ul/aL b/, ul/aLsf] ljifdtf / ul/aLsf] uxgtf, @)^*
Onfsf
g+=
01
01
01

nlIft
If]q g+=
1
2
3

02
02
02
03
03
03
03
04
04
04
05

1
2
3
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
1

05
06

2
1

06

07

07

07
08

3
1

08
09

2
1

uf=lj=;=sf] gfd
dfwfjk'/, ef/bx
uf]a/ uf8f
xg'dfggu/, kf]tf{xf,
of]lulgof @
a}/jf
lqsf]n, aswjf
d}gfs8]/L, l8dfg, nf]xhf/f
sdnk'/, wf]wgk'/, cf]b|fxf
kmQ]k'/
hutk'/
lkk|f k"jf{
7]lnof, a/dlemof, abufdf
w/dk'/, ?kgu/
sGrgk'/
8f9f, k|;agL, uf}O7L,
ks/L
l;tfk'/, xl/x/k'/, hfG8f}n
aegufdfs6\6L, sf]=dw]k'/f,
Ogjf{
aygfxf, eujtk'/, dxb]jf,
hf]lulgof !
;s/k''/f, a;f{Og -sf]=_,
/Dk'/fdnxlgof
la;xl/of, b]pl/d?jf,
nf}lgof
ltnfl7
nfnfk6\6L, jL/k'/ af]l/of,
sf]rfavf/L
l5Ggd:tf, kmls/f
O6x/L lai0f'k'/, af]l/of

ul/aLsf] b/ k|ltzt_

43.35(6.99)
64.85(10.33)
44.71(5.41)

ul/aLsf] ljifdtf
-k|ltzt_

10.94(2.59)
18.99(5.57)
11.75(2.18)

ul/aLsf] uxgtf
-k|ltzt_

3.87(1.14)
7.34(2.92)
4.28(1.01)

51.03(9.38)
35.94(5.61)
43.52(6.46)
35.5(5.6)
21.66(7.14)
39.81(10.25)
56.19(10.49)
40.69(5.25)
32.99(6.17)
21.22(6.97)
45.72(5.68)

14.5(4.45)
8.61(1.93)
11.28(2.55)
8.26(1.85)
4.65(2)
9.85(3.75)
15.13(4.56)
10.23(1.99)
8.11(2.15)
4.36(1.89)
11.88(2.22)

5.55(2.26)
2.95(0.82)
4.07(1.17)
2.75(0.76)
1.48(0.76)
3.43(1.64)
5.51(2.13)
3.62(0.9)
2.82(0.93)
1.34(0.69)
4.29(1.01)

32.58(5.61)
45.3(6.2)

7.63(1.84)
11.44(2.38)

2.57(0.77)
4.03(1.06)

42.73(5.04)

10.96(1.92)

3.95(0.88)

48.71(5.45)

13.29(2.3)

4.96(1.1)

43.97(6.56)

11.3(2.57)

4.06(1.17)

28.49(7.55)
40.55(6.02)

7.03(2.5)
10.27(2.23)

2.49(1.08)
3.66(0.99)

46.15(7.01)
38.92(7.12)

11.86(2.74)
9.83(2.63)

4.24(1.23)
3.49(1.17)

60

Onfsf
g+=
09

nlIft
If]q g+=
2

uf=lj=;=sf] gfd

ul/aLsf] b/ k|ltzt_

ul/aLsf] ljifdtf
-k|ltzt_

41.46(6.13)
10.54(2.28)
dlnsk'/, hd'lg dw]k'/f,
l;d/fxf l;Uof}g
10
1
41.36(7.17)
10.46(2.7)
km/;]7, lb3jf
10
2
38.17(9.79)
9.4(3.49)
dn]7
11
1
43.93(7.69)
10.97(2.91)
a;lal6, s6}of
11
2
37.49(6.87)
9.02(2.36)
t]/xf]tf, vf]s;f/ kjf{xf
11
3
37.16(9.18)
9.29(3.29)
/fok'/
12
1
39.25(6.1)
9.79(2.22)
cf}/xL, kftf]
12
2
50.44(6.54)
14.09(2.9)
em'6sL, g3f]{, jg}lgof
12
3
48.14(5.73)
13(2.43)
slanf;, t/xL, e'txL,
v8uk'/
13
1
41.04(6.28)
10.66(2.4)
agf}nL, agf}nf, cgf{xf
13
2
44.44(7.88)
11.47(3.07)
uDxl/of kjf{xf, a|Xdk'/
13
3
34.85(5.82)
8.11(1.92)
a]NxL rk]gf, kTy/fu8f
14
1
38.27(5.69)
9.49(2.01)
Ogjf{ km'njl/of,
d}gf;x;|afx', a;ank'/
14
2
30.27(6.12)
7.06(1.97)
e+ufxf, sNofgk'/
14
3
38.67(5.46)
9.6(2.02)
/fdk'/ dh'nf, zDe'gfy
df]xgk'/
15
1
51.2(7.51)
13.88(3.28)
b]p/L, sfrg
15
2
53.78(5.48)
15.28(2.53)
a]NxL, df}jfxf, /fdgu/,
/f}tx6
15
3
39.86(5.81)
10.04(2.15)
af]b] j;f{O{g, km'NsxL,
dfg/fhf
16
1
41.24(5.24)
10.55(2.04)
wgu9L, dNxlgof, ;f/:j/,
l;;jf a]NxL
16
2
31.35(6.94)
7.22(2.3)
vf]hk'/, g]u8f
16
3
41.64(7.37)
10.43(2.68)
k6]jf{, l6s'lnof
17
1
34.74(4.33)
8.3(1.47)
xl/k'/, afg/em'nf, kfg;]/f,
dnxgdf
17
2
33.44(5.52)
7.89(1.84)
xlb{of, lkk|f klZrd,
bf}ntk'/
17
3
33.07(5.24)
7.82(1.71)
dw'k6\6L, s'zxf
18
1
21.22(4.19)
5.23(1.33)
/fhlj/fh gu/kflnsf
gf]6M sf]i7s -_ leq /x]sf] c+sn] ;DjlGwt ;"rssf] e|dfz+ -k|ltzt_ nfO{ hgfpF5 .

ul/aLsf] uxgtf
-k|ltzt_

3.77(1.02)

3.73(1.22)
3.28(1.52)
3.84(1.3)
3.08(1)
3.29(1.44)
3.44(0.98)
5.36(1.41)
4.83(1.17)
3.88(1.1)
4.13(1.39)
2.71(0.8)
3.33(0.86)
2.37(0.81)
3.35(0.9)
5.17(1.58)
5.86(1.26)
3.56(0.96)
3.79(0.94)
2.41(0.96)
3.68(1.17)
2.84(0.62)
2.68(0.78)
2.67(0.71)
1.87(0.57)

;|f]tM s]lGb|o tYof+s ljefu -@)&)_, g]kfndf ul/aLsf] n3'If]q cg'dfg, @)^* cg';"rL $

61

;Kt/L lhNnf / /fhlj/fh gu/kflnsfsf ul/aLsf] b/ cg';f/sf] ;d[l4:t/ ;DjGwL ljj/0f

tflnsf g++ ^=$# df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=6.43M dfgj ul/jL ;'rfsf(HPI)sf] cj:yf
$) jif{ eGbf k|f}9 ;fIf/tf ;'/lIft kfgL kfFr
jif{ cfly{s
dfgj ul/lj
sd
cfo' b/
gkfpg]sf]
d'lgsf
jl~rlts/0f ;'rfsf
ePsf]
k|ltzt
s'kf]lift
hg;+Vof
afnaflnsfsf]
k|ltzt
;+Vof
5.39
54.56
3.97
33.40
Source:Nepal Human Development Report 2014

18.69

38.34

lhNnf / gu/kflnsfsf] ul/jL b/ cg';f/sf] ;Da[l4:t/ ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= ^=$$ df
pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=6.44M lhNnf / gu/kflnsfsf] ul/jL b/ cg';f/sf] ;Da[l4:t/
lhNnf
@)%*
@)^*
;Da[l4:t/
ul/jL:t/
;Da[l4:t/
ul/aL:t/
;Kt/L
pRr -!% cf}F_
@*
Go"g -^@ cf}F_ #(=%
/fhlj/fh,
dWod -## cf}F_
!(=!
dWod -$@cf}F_ @!=@
gkf
;|f]tM s]Gb|Lo tYof\s ljefu -@)&) cfiff9_, g]kfndf ul/aLsf] n3'If]q cg'dfg @)^* -tflnsf
g+= !,@, # / $_
;Kt/L lhNnfdf %) k|ltzteGbf j9L ul/aL:t/ ePsf nlIft If]qx? ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g++
^=$%df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=6.45M %) k|ltzt eGbf a9L ul/jL:t/ ePsf nlIft If]qx?, @)^*
Onfsf g+= nlIft
uflj;gkf
ul/jLsf] b/
ul/jLsf]
ul/jLsf]
If]= g+=
-_
ljifdtf -_
uxgtf -_
)#
$
lkk|f k'jf{
%^=!(
!%=!#
%=%!
-!)=$(_
-$=%^_
-@=!#_
!%
@
j]NxL, df}jfxf,
%#=&*
!%=@*
%=*^
/fdgu/, /f}tx6
-%=$*_
-@=$(_
-!=@)_
!%
!
b]p/L, sfFrn
%!=@
!#=**
%=!&
-&=%!_
-#=@*_
-!=%*_
)@
!
a}/jf
%=)#
!$=%
%=%%
-(=#*_
-$=$%_
-@=@^_
gf]6M sf]i6df ePsf] c+sn] k|ltzt hgfpF5 .
;|f]tM s]Gb|Lo tYof\s ljefu -@)&) cfiff9_, g]kfndf ul/aLsf] n3'If]q cg'dfg @)^* -tflnsf g+= ^_

62

^=( :YffgLo :t/df vfB ;'/Iffsf] cj:yf

;Kt/L lhNnf Ps v]tL of]Uo hldg ePsf] / oxfFsf clwsf+z dflg;x? s[lifdf cfl>t x'g] u/]tf
klg lhNnfdf pTkfbg ePsf] vfBGgn] lhNnfdf vfg k'Ug] cj:yf 5}g . o;;DjGwL ljj/0f tn
tflnsf g+= ^=$^ df lbO{Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=6.46M lhNnfsf] vfB ;'/Iffsf] cj:yf
ljj/0f
OsfO{
kl/df0f
lhNnfsf] s'n hg;+Vof
;+Vof
^#(,@*$
lhNnfsf] s'n vfBGg pTkfbg
d]=6=
(#,(!%
k|ltJolQm rflxg] cfjZos vfBGg
s]=hL=
@)!
lhNnfsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ vfBGg
d]=6=
!#%,@$%=#*
lhNnfsf] nflu aflif{s s'n vfBGg
d]=6=
%^,!*@=#$
pknJwtf
lhNnfdf gk'u vfBGg
d]=6=
-&()^@=((_
;|f]tM lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no, ;Kt/L, aflif{s s[lif ljsf; sfo{qmd tyf tYof k'l:tsf
cf=j= @)^(&),
^=!) >dzlQm tyf /f]huf/L l:ylt
!) jif{eGbf dfly pd]/ ;d'xsf] hgu0fgf x'g'eGbf cl3sf] afx| dlxgfleqsf] ljleGg
lqmofsnfkx? ;DjGwL ljj/0f tn tflnsf g+= ^=$&df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=6.47 M !) jif{eGbf dfly pd]/ ;d'xsf lqmofsnfkx?
ln

s"n ;+Vof

cfg}
v]tL
ug]{

dlxnf

252449

k'?if
hDdf

lqmofsnfk
hflu/sf]
Extended
vf]hLdf
Economic
/x]sf

Hofnfbf/L
ug]{

cfg}
t/ u}/
s[lif

w/fo;L
sfd ug]{

cWoog
ug]{

s'g}klg
sfd
gug]{

gv'n]sf]

81479

27309

17593

26303

6659

141554

58383

30736

4823

236104

85186

62535

25535

19086

15489

38416

69004

32494

3890

488553

166665

89844

43128

45389

22148

179970

127387

63230

8713

;|f]t M

Central Bureau of Statistics, Jan 2014, National Population and Housing Census 2011,
Volume 03, Table No. 9

!) jif{ / ;f] eGbf dflysf ;lqmo hg;+Vofsf] ljleGg k]zfx? h:t} ;z:q jn, Joj:yfks,
k|fljlws / ;xfos Joj;flos, ;]jf / ljqmL, s[lif, ag / df5fkfng, oflGqs sfo{, k|f/lDes
k]zf cflb ;DjGwL ljj/0fx? tnsf] tflnsf g+= ^=$* df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .

63

!) jif{ / ;f]eGbf dflysf ;lqmo hg;+Vofsf] k]zfut ljj/0f

k|f/lDes
k]zf

pNn]v
gePsf]

595

207

3725

65713

1722

204

17452

2431

k'?if

139856

300

883

4961

3073

1244

10451

73756

10644

2591

26521

5433

hDdf

233627

310

1244

6313

3668

1451

14176

139469

12366

2795

43973

7864

snf /
Jofkf/

Joj;flos

Joj:yfks

s[lif, jg /
df5fkfng

1352

k|fljlws /
;xfos
Joj;flos
sfof{no
;xof]uL

361

;z:q an
10

dlxnf

hDdf
93771

ln

oflGqs sfo{

6.48M

;]jf / lalqm

tflnsf g+=

;|f]t M Central Bureau of Statistics, Jan 2014, National Population and Housing Census 2011,
Volume 03, Table No. 13

lhNnfsf] >dsf] pTkfbsTjsf] cj:yf ;DjGwL vf; u/L cfly{s ?kn] ;lqmo hg;+Vof, s'n
u|fx:y pTkfbg, /fli6o cf};tsf] ;fk]Iftfdf >d pTkfbg / sf7df08f}sf] ;fk]If]tfdf >d
pTkfbsTj ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= ^=$( df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+= 6.49M lhNnfsf] >dsf] pTkfbsTjsf] cj:yf
cfly{s ?kn]
;lqmo hg;+Vof

s'n u|fx:y
pTkfbg ? !)
nfvdf

>d pTkfbsTj
? df

/fli6o cf};tsf]
;fk]Iftfdf>d
pTkfbsTj

sf7df8f}+sf] ;fk]Iftfdf
>d pTkfbsTj

242521.9

20822.9

8589.9

72.7

26.8

Source:Nepal Human Development Report 2014

a}b]lzs /f]huf/Lsf] cj:yf

ljut rf/ cfly{s jif{x? @)^&^*, @)^*^(, @)^(&) / @)&)&! df ;Kt/L lhNnfaf6
a}b]lzs /f]huf/Ldf uPsfx?sf] ljj/0f tflnsf g+= df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . h; cg';f/ dn]l;of,
s'j]t / ;fpbL c/]ljofdf ;a} eGbf j9L o'jf zlQm -o'jf tyf o'jtLx?_ a}b]lzs /f]huf/Lsf
nflu hfg] u/]sf] b]lvG5 . oL b]zx? afx]s klg o"=P=O=, s'j]t, ax/fO{g, cf]dg, dsfp, hf]8{g,
df}l/z;, nfcf] k]l8of, l/klAns ckm s+uf], ;fO{k|;, 6sL{ / hfkfgdf klg o'jf tyf o'jtLx?
/f]huf/Lsf nflu hfg] u/]sf] kfO{G5 . j}b]lzs /f]huf/L ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= ^=%) df
pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .

391

404

478

484

73

73

166

166

235

235

436

436

4174

4176

4527

4533

10

5907

5917

12

7083

7095

hDdf

13

k'?if

328

hDdf

323

k'?if

k'?if

177

64

dlxnf

cf=a= @)&)&!

172

hDdf

dlxnf

cf=a= @)^(&)

k'?if

dlxnf

cf=a= @)^*^(

dlxnf

o"=P=O{=
s'a]t
dn]lzof

cf=a= @)^&^*

hDdf

1
2
3

d'n'sx?

qm=;=

tflnsf g+=6.50M j}b]lzs /f]huf/L ;DjGwL ljj/0f

cf=a= @)^(&)

cf=a= @)&)&!

22

22

622

622

925

927

2305

2307

3110

3116

24

24

94

96

22

22

47

47

22

24

20

20

;fpbL c/a
nfcf]
k]l8of
l/klAns
ckm s+uf]]
;fOk|;
6ls{
hfkfg
hDdf

1006

1006

1278

1280

2248

2248

2378

2379

30

30

32

32

6081

6088

18

7313

7331

29

11246

11275

25

13567

13592

5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

hDdf

12

k'?if

12

dlxnf

hDdf

23

k'?if

23

dlxnf

hDdf

k'?if

dlxnf

hDdf

ax/fOg
stf/
cf]]dg
dsfp
hf]8{g
df}l/z;

k'?if

dlxnf

d'n'sx?

cf=a= @)^*^(

qm=;=

cf=a= @)^&^*

;|f]tM a}b]lzs /f]huf/ ljefu -@)&!_, rf/ cfly{s jif{sf aflif{s k|ltj]bgx? .

^=!! pBf]u tyf vfgL If]qsf] l:ylt

-s_ 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u (Cottage and Small Industry)
!= cf}Bf]lus ljsf;sf] l:ylt tyf cf}Bf]lus pTkfbg -n3', 3/]n' tyf ;fgf ;d]t _
cf}Bf]lus ljsf;sf]nflu cf}Bf]lus gLlt cg';f/ s[lif tyf jg hGo If]qdf 3/ 3/df b}lgs hLjg
ofkg / cfo cfh{gsf] ?kdf sf]zL If]qjf6 kfgLsf] jxfjdf au]/ v]/ hfg] k6]/ h'g ls ;Kt/L
lhNnfsf] k"jL{ efu / sf]zL gbLsf] klZrdL efudf kfO{G5, To:tf v]/ hfg] k6]/nfO{ sf]zL If]qdf
/ To;sf] cf;kf;sf ufpm+n] dlxnf tyf k'?ifx?n] jif{sf] @ k6s ;+sng u/L jf sf]zL 6Kk' jGo
hGt' cf/Ifdf Go"g ?kdf b:t'/ a'emfO{ ;+sng u/L NofO{ :yflgo ljlwf/f k|zf]wg u/L ;'s'n
u'Gb|L agfO{ :jb]zL ahf/ / l5d]sL d'n's ef/tsf] l5d]sL ahf/;Dd k'/ofO{ b}lgs hLjg / cfo
cfh{g u/]sf] kfO{G5 . s[lif If]qsf] ?kdf ufpm+ 3/df / jg If]qdf kfO{g] af+;jf6 9SsL, gf+Unf] /
cGo snfTds ;fdfgx? hfltut k]zfsf] ?kdf cKgfO{ cfPsf k/Dk/fut ;fdfgx? lgdf{0f u/L
lhNnf leqs} ahf/df ljqmL ug]{ / lhNnf b]lv cGt/lhNnf ;Dd k'/ofO{ oxf+sf ul/a ls;fg
dlxnf tyf k'?ifx?n] cfo cfh{g u/L b}lgs hLjg ofkg u/]sf] kfO{G5 . k/Dk/fut ?kdf
df6fsf ljleGg k|sf/sf] ef8fx? x:tsnf ljlwjf6 pTkfbg u/L pbok'/ / :yflgo ahf/ tyf
l5d]sL d'n'ssf] ahf/;Dd k'/ofpg] ul/G5 . s[lif If]qdf o; lhNnfsf] dx'nL If]qjf6 b'w, v;L,
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72

l;=
g+=
#
$

sfo{qmdsf]
ljut % jif{sf] l:ylt -s'n aflif{s ah]6_ ?= xhf/df
k|a[lQ
cfufdL % jif{sf] nflu k|If]k0f ?= xhf/df
Trend)
gfd
)^%^^
)^^^& )^&^*
)^*^( )^(&)
)&)&!
)&!&@
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nflu
pkef]Qmf
)
!%
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lxt

;|f]tM lhNnf 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&)

lhNnf 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u sfof{no ;Kt/Lsf] lhNnf:t/Lo cfof]hgfx?sf] ljj/0f tflnsf g+= ^=%* df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=6.58M lhNnf :t/Lo cfof]hgfx?sf] ljj/0f
qm=;+=

!
@

cfof]hgfsf] gfd

/f]huf/Lsf]nflu ;Lk
ul/aL lgjf/0f sfo{qmd

nufgLstf{
lgsfo

?= @ nfv
eGbf sd

P=l8=aL=
d]8]kjf6

cfof]hgfx?sf] ;+Vof
?=@% ?=%!) ?=!)%) ?= %)
s"n
nfv
nfv
nfv
nfv eGbf
dfly
!
!
!

;DkGg b/ _
!$^$# zt k|ltzt
@&#) z'? k|s[ofdf
/x]sf]

;|f]tM lhNnf 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&)

lhNnf 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u sfof{no ;Kt/Ln] pknJw u/fPsf] afn'jf tyf df6f] vfgLx?sf] ljj/0f tflnsf g+= ^=%( df pNn]v
ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=6.59M afn'jf tyf df6f] vfgLx?sf] ljj/0f
qm=;+= vfgLsf] k|sf/
vfgL /x]sf] :yfg
Joj;foLsf] hfltut cj:yf
cj:yf
blnt
hghftL
afx'g
cGo
rfn'
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If]qL
!
9'+uf lu6L pTkfbg tyf aflx/ lhNnfjf6
@$
*
!@
!
)
!
jfn'jf ;+sng
k|fKt / afn'jf,
u+ufhnL, ;'Gb/L
;|f]tM lhNnf 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&)
73

^=!@ Jofkf/, ko{6g tyf ljlQo ;]jf If]qsf] l:ylt

pBdlzntf, ;Lk ljsf;, ahf/Ls/0f ;]jf, shf{, ahf/ ;"rgfdf pBdLsf] kx'+rsf] l:yltcflbsf
af/]df tn pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
pBdlzntfM s[lif tyf jg hGo If]qsf] >f]tsf] ?kdf k|of]u e} /x]sf :yflgo pTkfbgnfO{
cfsif{s jgfpg n3' pBdsf] ?kdf pTkfbg e} /x]sf / cfufdL lbg tof/ x'g] n3' pBdLx?nfO{
d]8]k df]8]ndf pBdlzntfsf] 1fgsf] sdL /x]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . d]8]k df]8]nsf] Kofs]hdf
pBdlzntf lbg' cfjZos b]lvG5 .
;Lk ljsf; M pBdlzntf lnPsf n3' pBdLnfO{ pBdLs} cGt/ O{R5fn] df+u u/]sf] ;Lk 1fg /
k|ljlw lbO{ bIf jgfpg' cfjZos b]lvG5 .
ahf/Ls/0f ;]jfM n3' pBdLn] pTkfbg u/]sf] ;fdfgx? :yfgLo Jofkf/Lx?n] g} :yfgLo ahf/af6
;+sng u/L jflx/ nfg] u/]sf] kfO{G5, . pBdLx?n] cfkmg} 6fp+sf]df ef/L af]sL ahf/ ;Dd
k'/ofpg] / ljqmL ug]{ u/]sf 5g . obfsbf s;} s;}n] 7]nf l/S;f /fVg] u/]sf 5g\ eg] pBdLn]
pTkfbg u/]sf] ;fdfgx? cfkmg} 3/df ;fgf] :s]ndf xf6nfO{ ?+Ug] u/]sf] kfO{G5 . sf]z]nL ahf/sf]
?kdf /fVg] u/]sf] kfOPsf] 5}g, d'Vo d'Vo ahf/df sf]z]nL 3/sf] cToGt cfjZostv dxz';
ul/Psf] 5 .
shf{M n3' pBdLsf]nflu lwtf]sf] ?kdf /fVg] rn crn ;DklQsf] cefjdf ljlQo lgsfox?sf]
kx'+rdf hfg g;Sg', rsf]{ Jofh / em0eml6nf] k|s[ofsf] sf/0f shf{df kx'+r x'g g;Sg' . ;fgf
pBf]ux?sf]nflu ljlQo kx'+r ePsf] kfO{G5 .
ahf/ ;"rgfdf pBdLsf] kx'+rM ufp+ 3/df a:g] ls;fg dlxnf tyf k'?ifx? n3' pBdsf] ?kdf
pTkfbg u/]sf ;fdfgx?sf] ahf/ la:tf/ ug{ 3/of;L sf/0f cGo lhNnfsf] ahf/ ;Dd k'Ug
;s]sf 5}gg\ . k|rf/ k|;f/ eGbf al9 d'gfkmfdf s]lGb|t x'g] u/]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . ljutsf jif{x?df
pBdLx?n] pTkfbg u/]sf] :yflgo ;fdfu|Lx?sf] ahf/ lj:tf/sf]nflu sf7df08f}, pbok'/,
O{nfdsf] k|bz{gLx?df sfof{nosf] tkm{jf6 k7fp+bf klg hfg rfxg]sf] sdL ePsf] lyof] ul/Psf]
5.
vfgL >f]t tyf pkof]uM o; lhNnfsf] vfgLsf] ?kdf kmf6k'm6 ?kdf lu6[L 9'+uf dfq /x]sf]
h;nfO{ gu0o ?kdf lng ;lsG5 . :yflgo :t/d} lgdf{0fsf] sfo{df lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt,
;Kt/Lsf] 7]Ssf aGbf]j:t k|s[ofjf6 pkof]u ePsf] kfO{G5 .
cGo pBf]u tyf vfgLhGo ljj/0fx?M cGo pBf]usf] ?kdf ! jif{ leq o; lhNnfdf s'v'/f, a+u"/,
df5f / kz'kfng tyf t/sf/L v]tL Jofj;flos b[li6sf]0fjf6 cu|;/ ePsf] kfO{G5, eg] s[lif
If]qnfO{ cfjZos kg]{ dnsf] ?kdf k|f+ufl/s dnsf] pBf]ux? kmf6k'm6 ?kdf :yfkgfsf] qmddf
cuf8L a9]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . o; k|sf/sf] pBf]u :yfkgfn] :yflgo :t/d} dn, lap+ pTkfbg x'g] /
74

;'ne tl/sfjf6 ls;fgx?nfO{ pknJw x'g], ljb]zLgaf6 Go"lgs/0f x'g], df;' tyf b'w hGo
kbfy{sf] pTkfbgdf a[l4 x'g], /f]huf/sf] ca;/ k|fKt x'g] k|an ;Defjgfx? b]lvPsf] 5 .
Jofkf/, ko{6g tyf ;]jf If]qsf] l:yltM
-s_ Aofkf/ If]qsf] l:ylt
yf]s tyf v'b|f Jofkf/M s[lif tyf jg hGo pBf]ux?jf6 pTkfbg ePsf sRrf kbfy{x?sf] yf]s
ljqmL kmf6k'm6 ?kdf dfq ePsf] kfO{G5 . al9 dfqfdf v'b|f s} ?kdf oxf+sf] ahf/n] k|d'vtf
cf]u6]sf] 5 .
lgsf;L k}7f/Lsf] l:yltM o; lhNnfsf] pTkfbg dWo] k6]/sf u'Gb|L, af+;sf] ;fdfg df6fsf ef8f
s'8f, b'w hGo k|zf]lwt b'w / bxL gu0o ?kdf lgsf;L ePsf] kfO{G5 eg]] ahf/df pknJw
pkef]Uo ;fdfu|Lx? k|foMh;f] ljb]zjf6 cfoft ePsf] kfO{G5 .
9'jfgL tyf e08f/ M ;d'Gb|kf/sf t]>f] d'n's / ef/tjf6 cfot lgof{t x'g] ;Knfo;{x?sf]
;+Vofdf a[l4 x'+b} cfPsf] kfOPsf] 5 . ;Knfo;{x?n] ;KnfO{ lbg] u/]sf] 5 eg] s]xL Jofkf/Lx?n]
cfkm}n] 9'jfgL u/fO{ e08f/0f klg ug]{ u/]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 .
ljlQo tyf Joj;fo ;]jfM :yflgo ljlQo lgsfox?jf6 Joj;fox?nfO{ shf{sf] ?kdf nufgL
clws dfqfdf u/]sf] kfO{G5 . o;sf] tYof ljlQo lgsfox?jf6 pknJw x'g ;Sg] b]lvG5 .
-v_ ko{6g If]q
ko{6g If]qsf] ?kdf o; lhNnfsf] ef/bxdf /x]sf] s+sflngL dlGb/, l5Ggd:tf /x]sf] df+
;v8]Zj/L eujtLsf] dlGb/ d'Vo ?kdf /x]sf] 5 . oxf+ d'Vo kj{sf] lbg b]z ljb]zjf6 xhf/f}
nfvf}+sf] ;+Vofdf cfudg ePsf] kfO{G5 . o; If]qnfO{ ;a} If]qjf6 ;sf/fTds b[li6sf]0fjf6 x]l/g'
kb{5 . xfn} asw'jf uf=lj=;= cGtu{t /x]sf] dx'nLsf] ;fd'bflos jg If]q / sdnk'/df lgdf{0f e}
/x]sf] /d0fLo s6]h, kf]v/LnfO{ ko{6sLo / jftfj/0fLo If]qsf] ?kdf klxrfg u/fpg ;DjlGwt
;/f]sf/jfnfx?n] ljz]if Wofg lbg' kg]{ dx;'if ul/Psf] 5 . dx'nLsf] gf+uf] kfvf 8f+8fnfO{ ljljw
?kdf l;+ufg]{ Toxf+sf afl;Gbfx?n] cfkmgf d]xGt kl;gf / kf}?vn] x/fe/f jgfO{ jftfj/0fLo
;+/If0f, cfo cfh{gsf] ?kdf ljsf;sf] qmdnfO{ cuf8L a9fO{ lrgfpg] u/]sf]n] g]kfnsf] k|yd
u0f]zdfg l;+x k'/:sf/ dx'nLdf /x]sf] dfntL dlxnf ;fd'bflos jgn] k|fKt u/]sf] s'/f xfd|f]
nflu pbfx/0fLo /x]sf] 5 .
-u_ ljQLo ;]jf
;Kt/L lhNnfdf xfn !^ j6f afl0fHo a}+sx?, @ j6f ljsf; a}+sx?, @ j6f ljQ sDkgLx? / !$
j6f n3' ljQ sDkgLx? /x]sf 5g . afl0fHo a}+sx?df ;/sf/L tkm{sf g]kfn a}+s lnld6]8,
/fli6o afl0fHo a}+s / s[lif ljsf; a}+sx?5g eg] gLlh If]qdf df5fk'R5||], ;]Gr'/L, ;g/fO{, Pe/]i6
/ Unf]jn cfO{PdO /x]sf 5g eg] ljsf; a}+sdf k|e" ljsf; a}+s / ====== /x]sf 5g . ljQ
sDkgLdf l;h{gf kmfO{gfG; / dN6L kk{; kmfO{gfG; sDkgL lnld6]8 /x]sf 5g\ . g]kfn nfO{e
OG;'/]G; sDkgL / PgPnhL OG:of]/]G; sDkgLx?n] jLdf ;DjGwL sfd ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . ;Kt/L
lhNnfdf /x]sf ljlQo ;+:yfx? ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= ^=^) df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
75

tflnsf g+=6.60M;Kt/Ldf /x]sf a}Fs tyf ljlQo ;+:yfx?sf] ljj/0f

qm= ;+= ljj/0f
;+Vof
!
jfl0fHo a}Fs
!^
@
ljsf; a}Fs
@
#
ljQ sDkgL
@
$
n3' ljQ
!$
;|f]tM g]kfn /fi6 a}Fs -@)&! h]i7 !@_

76

;Kt/L lhNnfdf a}+sx?sf] lgIf]k tyf shf{sf] l:ylt ;DjGwdf tflnsf g+= ^=^! df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=6.61M ;Kt/Ldf a}sx?sf] lgIf]k tyf shf{sf] l:ylt
lgIf]k
shf{
@)^* c;f/ @)^(
@)&) c;f/
kl/jt{g b/
@)^* c;f/ @)^( c;f/ @)&)
kl/jt{g b/
d;fGt ;Dd c;f/
d;fGt ;Dd @)^*^( @)^(&) d;fGt ;Dd d;fGt ;Dd c;f/
)^*^( )^(&)
d;fGt
d;fGt
;Dd
;Dd
@^*#=$( #@*)=)!
$!@#=!@
@@=@#
@%=&)
!!!)=#* !@%*=^* @)))=%!
!#=#^ %*=($
;|f]tM g]kfn /fi6 a}Fs -@)&! h]i7 !@_
;Kt/L lhNnfdf @)&! ;fn h]i7 d;fGt;Ddsf] ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?sf] ;dli6ut ljj/0f tflnsf g+= ^=^@ df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=6.62M @)&! ;fn h]i7 d;fGt;Ddsf] ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?sf] ;dli6ut ljj/0f -xhf/df_
qm=;=

nufgL
sfo{k|s[lt

;+:yfsf]
;+Vof

;+rfns

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z]o/ k"+hL

dlxnf

k"?if

hDdf

dlxnf

k"?if

hDdf

sf]if

lgIf]k
C)f

cGo

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art tyf C)f

156

556

467

1023

3782

2883

6665

717785.1

1315.76

25470

29063.5

946.47

6553.03

ax""@]ZoLo

79

232

364

596

10504

55710

66178

15092.26

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s[lif

180

73

90

163

3470

3703

7173

14223.86

3582.69

21712.7

3160.9

24873.6

b"Uw

10

29

45

74

38

227

265

308.72

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pkef]Qmf

139

384

578

962

1109

2342

3526

489.325

4.15

1138

366.994

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15

25

16.1

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lrof

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77

qm=;=

nufgL
sfo{k|s[lt

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;+Vof

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k"?if

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11

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87

255

342

907.708

------

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4902.59

26608

51143.2

4107.4

31426.6

13

:jf:Yo

17

22

14

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10

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63

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580

1294

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;|f]tM ;xsf/L l8lehg sfof{no, nfxfg, l;/fx, @)&! c;f/ .

78

7.

v08&Mef}lts tyf ;fj{hlgs k"jf{wf/ ;]jf

&=! ;8softfoft
;Kt/L lhNnfsf ;a} gu/kflnsf tyf uflj;x?df df]6/ af6f] k'u]sf] 5 . o; lhNnfdf sfnf] kq]
;8s !!$ ls=ld=, u|fe]n ;8s %@* ls=ld=, slRr cyf{t df};dL ;8s $^* ls=ld= /x]sf] 5 .
ljleGg ?6df ;~rfng/t oftfoftsf ;fwfgx? ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= &=! df pNn]v
ul/Psf] 5 . oftfoft Joj:yfkgdf ;xof]u k'ofpg lhNnf b'O{j6f a;kfs{x? /x]sf 5g\ . t/
lhNnfdf /x]sf] Ps dfq ljdfg:ynn] eg] hgtfnfO{ ;]jf k|bfg ug{ ;s]sf] 5}g\ . ;du| lhNnfsf]
oftfoft ;DaGwL k"jf{wf/ ljsf;sf] l:ylt ;DjGwdf tflnsf g+= &=! df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=7.1M lhNnfsf] oftfoft ;DaGwL k"jf{wf/ ljsf;sf] l:ylt
ljj/0f
ls=dL= tyf j6f
sfnf]kq] -ls=dL=_
114
u|fe]n -ls=dL=_
528
sRrLdf};dL -ls=dL=_
468
;a}
uflj;
/ gu/kflnsfx?
df]6/af6f] k'u]sf uflj; ;\Vof ls=dL=_
kSsL k'n -j6f_
25
emf]n'] k'n -j6f_
9
;fgf 7'nf sne6{x? -j6f_
168
a;kfs{ -j6f_
2
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23
xjfO{ d}bfg -j6f_
1
;|f]t M lhNnf k|fljlws sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&!
;Kt/L lhNnfdf /x]sf oftfoft Jofj;foL ;+3 tyf ;ldltx?sf] ;+lIfKt ljj/0f tflnsf g+= &=@
df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g++=7.2M ;Kt/L lhNnfdf /x]sf oftfoft Jofj;foL ;+3 tyf ;ldltx?
l;=g= oftfoft Joj;foLx?
oftfoft ;fwg ;+Vof
! ;u/dfyf oftfoft ;+3
(%
@ k""j{ lxdfnL oftfoft ;+3
%
# ;o'Qm /fqL tyf lbjf j; ;~rfng Joj:yfkg ;ldlt
@^
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#%
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#$
^ dfOqmf] Joj;foL ;+3
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& ;u/dfyf 6s 9'jfgL oftfoft Joj;foL ;ldlt
^$
;|f]tM oftfoft Joj;foL;+3x?, ;Kt/L, @)&!

79

/fhlj/fhb]lv ljleGg 7fpF ;Ddsf j;sf ?6x?x? ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= &=# df pNn]v
ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=7.3M /fhlj/fhb]lv ljleGg 7fpF ;Ddsf j;sf ?6x?
lhNnf leq l;ldt
lhNnf aflx/;Ddsf]
kmQ]k'/, df}j j]nL, s':dfj l;:jf/, j;f{Og,
sfs8le6f, g]kfnu~h, jL/u~h, e}/xjf,
kftf], guf]{ emf]/f, ;v8f, s'gf}nf-l;df ahf/_, sf7df8f}F, hgsk'/, w/fg, lj/f6gu/, kmQ]k'/,
s~rgk'/
ufO3f6, eujfgk'/, l;/fxfdf8f/,
gf/fo0fu9, nfxfg
;|f]tM oftfoft Joj;foL;+3x?, ;Kt/L, @)&!
-s_ /fhlj/fh gu/kflnsf If]qsf] ;8ssf] ;'ljwfsf] cj:yf
/fhlj/fh gu/kflnsfsf If]q e/L ljleGg k|sf/sf ;8sx? /x]sf 5g\ . gu/kflnsfsf] d'Vo
;8sx? lkr ePsf 5g eg] cGo ;xfos ;8sx? s]xL u|fe]n cj:yfdf 5g t s]xL sRrL
cj:yfdf g} /x]sf] b]lvG5 . gu/kflnsfsf] ;'?jft x'Fbf b]lvg} of]hgfut ?kdf a:tL j;fO{Psf]n]
of] gu/kflnsfdf ;8ssf] nflu of]hgfut ?kdf ;8s k|:tfj ul/Psf] ePtfklg tL ;8sx?
;a} sfof{Tds cj:yfdf 5}gg\ . gu/kflnsfdf j8f g+= !, #, $, %, ^, & / * df s]xL ;8sx?
kLr ePsf] 5 eg] cGo j8fx?df clwsf+z ;8s sRrL / u|fe]n cj:yfdf /x]sf] 5 .
gu/kflnsfsf] ;8s oftfoftsf] l:yltnfO{ tflnsf g+= (# df ;d]t b]vfOPsf] 5 t/ of] tYof+s
gu/kflnsfsf] kfZj{lrq @)^# df cfwfl/t ePsf]n] xfn gu/kflnsfdf s]xL gofF u|fe]n
;8sx? lgdf{0f ePsf] / kSsL ;8ssf] nDafO{ ;d]t s]xL a9\g uPsf] l:ylt 5 . /fhlj/fh
gu/kflnsfsf] ;8ssf] l:ylt ;DjGwdf tflnsf g+= &=$ df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=7.4M/fhlj/fh gu/kflnsfsf] ;8ssf] l:ylt
qm=;+= ;8ssf] lsl;d
nDafO{ -lsdL_
k|ltzt
! sRrL ;8s
!)
@@
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^$
# kLr ;8s
&
!$
hDdf
$&
!))
;|f]tM /fhlj/fh gu/kflnsf k|f]kmfOn, @)^#
-v_ /fhlj/fh gu/kflnsfdf oftfoftsf ;fwgx? cj:yf
/fhlj/fhdf oftfoftsf ljljw ;fwgx? rNg] u/]sf 5g\ . gu/kflnsf kfZj{lrq @)^# sf
cg';f/ o; gu/kflnsfdf aonuf8f, ;fOsn, l/S;f, df]6/;fO{sn, hLksf/, df?tLdfOs|f]
a;, 6ofS6/, 6s, a;, ldlga;, 6]Dkf] /x]sf 5g\ . gu/kflnsfsf] d'Vo ;8s oftfoftx?sf]
ljj/0f tflnsf g+= &=% df b]vfOPsf] 5 .

80

tflnsf g+=7.5M ;8s oftfoft ;fwgsf] ljj/0f

qm=;+= oftfoftsf] ;fwg
! a}nuf8f
@ ;fOsn
# l/S;f
$ df]6/;fO{sn
% hLksf/
^ df?tL]
& dfOs|f]
* 6ofS6/
( 6s
!) a;
!! ldlga;
!@ 6]Dkf]
;|f]t M /fhlj/fh gu/kflnsf k|f]kmfOn, @)^#

;+Vof
^^
#&##
&@@
&!)
#^
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%
#*
@&
@&
(
&%

gu/kflnsfaf6 ljleGg zx/ tyf u|fld0f If]qdf ;d]t lbjf / /fqL a;, ldlga; / dfOs|f]a;
;]jf ;+rfng e}/x]sf] 5 . a; ;]jf ;+rfng b}lgs tyf s]xL /fqL ;]jfsf] ?kdf ;d]t ;+rflnt
5g\ . /fhlj/fhaf6 kmQ]k'/ -;Kt/L_, a;f{Og -;Kt/L, 7f9L -/fhlj/fh_, jl/of/ k6L -/fhlj/fh_,
kftf] -;Kt/L, ;v8f -;Kt/L_, /fhlj/fh df8/, ufO{3f6 -pbok'/_, lj/f6gu/, s'gf}nL af]8{/ x'Fb}
lj/f6gu/, w/fg, sfFs8lef, hgsk'/, aL/u+u, e}/xjf, sf7df8f}+;Dd lbjf ;]jfsf a; ;]jf
;+rflnt 5g\ eg] sf7df8f}+ / g]kfnu+h;Dd /fqL ;]jf ;d]t ;+rflnt 5g\ . o;/L /fhlj/fhaf6
b]zsf k|d'v zx/x?df hDdf !!% j8f a; ;]jf ;+rflnt 5 . o;sf cltl/Qm ( j8f ldlga;,
!) j8f dfOs|f]a; ;]jf /fhlj/fhaf6 lj/f6gu/ cfjthfjt ub{5g\ . g]kfn / k"jL{ t/fO{sf]
t'ngfdf ;Kt/L lhNnfdf k|of]u ePsf oftfoftsf ;fwfgx?sf] cj:yf tflnsf g+= &=^ df k|:t't
ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=7.6M cGo oftfoftsf ;fwgsf] k|of]usf] cj:yf
If]q

hDdf

g]kfn

5423279

k"jL{
t/fO{
;Kt/L

799526
121064

df]6/

df]6/ ;fO{sn

;fOsn

85135
(2%)
145502
(18%)
3390
(3%)

519570
(10%)
83739
(10%)
8904
(7%)

1756243
(32%)
510541
(64%)
76991
(64%)

cGo ;jf/L
;fwg
37023
(1%)
6968
(1%)
856
(1%)

gv'n]sf]
95248
(2%)
9128
(1%)
2661
(2%)

gf]6M sf]i7s -_ leq /x]sf] c+sn] ;DjlGwt ;"rssf] e|dfz+ -k|ltzt_ nfO{ hgfpF5 .
>f]t M s]=t=lj -@)^(_ rf}dfl;s tYof ultljlw Year 35, Volume 105, No.-1, 2011/12, tflnsf g+= (

81

lhNNff ;8s ;~hfn ;DjGwL ljj/0f h:t} ;8ssf] gfd, nDjfO{ ls=ld=, ;8s ;txsf] lsl;d ls=ld=, ;8sdf rfn' cj:yf, ;8sn]
5f]Psf uflj;x?sf] ljj/0f tflnsf g+= &=& df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=7.7M lhNNff ;8s ;~hfn ;DjGwL ljj/0f
qm=;=

;8ssf] gfd

1.

Kharchuhiya-PhulkahiKachan-Deuri

2.

Portaha-Bakdhuwa Road
(Agri tole-Western
Chandranahar-Trikaul
VDC-Goithi Bhawan
Sector)
Kathauna-PatakoAmarlatichowkBramhapur VDCGamariya-Prabaha-Koshi
western Canal Road

3.

4.

nDjfO{
ls=ld=

jt{dfg
nDjfO{
ls=ld=

;8s ;txsf] lsl;d ls=ld=

sfnf]kq] u|fe]n slRr gofF

16.33

16.33

16.33

16.93

16.93

12.60

4.33

;a}
df};ddf
rfn'

cg's'n
df};df dfq
rfn'

16.33

12.60

4.33

6.

Rupani -Kataiya-MalekpurPhakira- Chhinmasta Lalapatti-Lokram

Rupnagar-KanchanpurPathari-Pademara

7.

Kushaha, Malahanama,
Paterwa, Malhaniya, Mauwaha,
Belhi
Kushaha, Paterwa, Malhaniya,
Rautahat, Ramnagar

20.98

20.98

10.00

10.98

10.00

10.98
Khojpur, Pansera, Siruwa Belhi,
Dhangahi, Sarshwar, Phulaki,
Kanchan, Deuri

19.62

19.62

7.50

12.12

7.50

12.12

17.81

17.81

17.81

17.81

21.50

21.50

21.50

21.50

29.97

29.97

28.00

1.97

28.00

1.97

Hariharpur-PakariBisahariya-Tilathi

5.

;8sn] 5f]Psf uflj;x?

Usaha-Belhi

82

Kalyanpur, Maina
Sahashrabahu, Inarwa
Phulbariya, Negada, Banaula,
Kabilasha, Bhutahi, Pato,
Bhutahi
Mohanpur, Rampur Jamuwa,
Arnaha, Brahmapur, Pato,
Tarahi
Khoksar Prabaha, Sambhunath,
Patthargada, Belahi Chapena,
Nargho, Banainiya
Nakati Rayapur, Kataiya,
Malekpur, Simraha, Phakira,
Chhinamasta, Lalpatti,
Kochabakhari

nDjfO{
ls=ld=

jt{dfg
nDjfO{
ls=ld=

23.17

23.17

15.00

8.17

22.45

22.45

22.45

10. Rajbiraj Pump

12.72

12.72

11.

6.04

6.04

1.22

1.22

qm=;=
8.
9.

12.

;8ssf] gfd
Jharuwa chowk-Jhutaki
Road

;8s ;txsf] lsl;d ls=ld=

sfnf]kq] u|fe]n slRr gofF

;a}
df};ddf
rfn'

cg's'n
df};df dfq
rfn'

15.00

8.17

22.45

12.72

12.72

6.04

6.04

1.22

Portaha-Bakdhuwa Road

Canal(padariya chowkUttar Dighuwa VDCBhagwanpur VDC

Bishnupur Tole-Paschim
Itahari-Bishupur VDC
Rajbiraj-Hanuman Nagar
Road (Jhalahi tole~Dakshin
Paschim Canal Sector)

1.22

Prasbani, Hariharpur, Dighawa,

Pakhi, Mahadeva, Bamangama
katti, Deuri Bharuwa, Bishariya,
Launiya, Tilathi, Kochabakhari
Jandaul, Bakdhuwa, Prasbani,
Diman, Jandagothi, Bhagatpur,
Joginiya 1, Joginiya 2
Rajbiraj M., Boriya, Itahari
Bisnupur, Kochabakhari,
Chhinamasta
Mainakaderi, Trikaul, Portaha

Trikaul, Bairawa

13. Kadkhona-Rautahat Road

14. Kalyanpur-Inarwa-

2.88

2.88

2.88

2.88

4.08

4.08

4.08

4.08

15. Rampur Jamaha-Basalpur

12.11

12.11

12.11

12.11

7.49

7.49

7.49

7.49

Phulbariaya-BanaulaBanauli-Barahi-Kushaha

Rampur Babalwa, Basbalpur

Bramhapur, Gamhariya

Road

16. Rajbiraj-Gobindpur Road

;8sn] 5f]Psf uflj;x?

to Barahi~Birpur Link Road

17. Mauhil Bridge~Purba
Bairawa VDC
18. Bhardaha-Dadaha-Pakari
Road
19. Andhupatti ChowkJoginiya VDC

2.57

2.57

2.57

2.57

5.58

5.58

1.60

1.58

2.40

3.18

2.40

3.24

3.24

3.24

3.24

20. Jandaul-Kushaha Road

10.31

10.31

5.00

5.31

5.00

5.31

83

Pakhi, Bathanaha, Dadha,

Diman, Trikaul, Madhawapur,
Bhardawa
Diman, Goithi, Trikaul,
Madhawapur, Portaha
Rajbiraj M., Phasaith, Bishariya
Bamangama Katti, Madhepura,
Koiladi
Bamangama Katti, Barsain
Bakhdhuwa, Lohajara,
Goithithi, Trikaul

qm=;=

;8ssf] gfd

21. Rajbiraj-Hanuman Nagar

Road (Manashpur
chowk~Dakshin Canal
bank~Kobarsain VDC)
22. Mahuli - Lohajara
Hanumannagar
23. Baluwa chowk~Paschim
Ghoghanpur VDC
24. Kathaunapato-Aurahi
Road
25. Topa chowk Uttar Mahadev VDCBhagawatpur VDC

26. Mainakaderi-Rupani Road

hDdf lhNnf ;8s ls=ld=

nDjfO{
ls=ld=

jt{dfg
nDjfO{
ls=ld=

5.00

5.00

;8s ;txsf] lsl;d ls=ld=

sfnf]kq] u|fe]n slRr gofF
-

3.00

2.00

;a}
df};ddf
rfn'

cg's'n
df};df dfq
rfn'

3.00

2.00

;8sn] 5f]Psf uflj;x?

Bamangama Katti,
MahaeDewa, Bhagwatpur

4.14

4.14

4.14

4.14

10.08

10.08

5.00

5.08

5.00

5.08

0.49

0.49

0.49

0.49

1.10

1.10

1.10

1.10

Ghoghanpur, Dharmapur,
Jagatpur, Kanchanpur
Rajbiraj M., Pakhi, Bathanaha,
Mahadeva, Bhagwatpur
Boriya, Itahari Bisnupur
Ghoghanpur, Dharmapur

4.35

4.35

4.35

4.35

282.16

282.16

2.82

195.32

84.02

198.14

84.02

;|f]t M:yfgLo k"jf{wf/ ljsf; tyf s[lif ;8s ljefu -8f]ln8f/_, @)&!

84

Bathanaha, Joginiya 2,
Hanumannagar, Joginiya 1

lhNNffsf] u|fld0f ;8s ;DjGwL ljj/0f h:t} ;8ssf] gfd, nDjfO{ ls=ld=, ;8s ;txsf] lsl;d ls=ld=, ;8sdf rfn' cj:yf,
;8sn] 5f]Psf uflj;x?sf] ljj/0f tflnsf g+= &=* df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=7.8M u|fld0f ;8s ;DjGwL ljj/0f
qm=;=
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

;8ssf] gfd
Bode-Barsain - KushmaharRamanagr
Kanchira - Lalapatti -Katona
Sadak
Bode Barsain- MalahaniaRamnagar
Kadarbona-Rautahat Road

;8s ;txsf] lsl;d ls=ld=

sfnf]k u|fe]n slRr gofF
q]

nDjfO{
ls=ld=

jt{dfg
nDjfO{
ls=ld=

;a}
df};df
rfn'

cg's'n
df};df dfq
rfn'

6.50

6.50

3.00

3.50

3.00

3.50

10.50

10.50

10.50

10.50

5.50

5.50

5.50

5.50

18.70

18.70

4.50

14.20

4.50

14.20

5.00

5.00

5.00

5.00

11.77

11.77

11.77

11.77

9.00

9.00

4.00

5.00

4.00

5.00

Malhanma, Haripur, pansera,

Banarjhula, Khojpur
Theliya, mainakaderi, barmajhiya

6.78

6.78

6.78

6.78

Malhanma, Paterwa, Siswa - Belhi

;8sn] 5f]Psf uflj;x?

Bodebarshain, Pholkahi, Ramnagar,
Saraswar
Banarjhula, khojpur, Maina
Sahasrabaha, Inerwa Pholbariya,
Rampurjamuwa
Bodebarshain, Pholkahi, Ramnagar
Kushaha, Malhanma, paterwa,
Malhaniya, Rauthat, Ramnagar
Lohajara, Menakaderi, Portaha

8.

Lohajara - Mainakaderi Portaha

Haripur-Pansera - Paterwa
Khojpur
Simara-BarmajhiyaMalkore
Dhatibajar- Dubahi - Siswa

9.

Deuri-Khadagpur - Pato

8.40

8.40

4.00

4.40

4.00

4.40

Deuri, tarahi, Bhutahi

10.

Gaura-Balanpatti Shehara
Siraha Road-Bishaharia- G.
Parwaha - Chandra Nahar

6.00

6.00

2.50

3.50

2.50

3.50

Sarswar, Malahaniya, Rauthat

7.87

7.87

7.87

7.87

Pathargara, Gamariya Prabaha

4.00

4.00

4.00

4.00

10.00

10.00

10.00

10.00

7.12

7.12

2.00

5.12

2.00

5.12

Odraha, kamalpur

4.50

4.50

4.50

4.50

Khoksar Prabaha

6.
7.

11.
12.

Debdhar-Belha-Phulbariya

13.

Rupni - Gaighat

14.
15.

Sakhubari-Kamalapur
Trafficchowk (Sambhunath)
- Gaighat

85

Bhangaha, basalpur, Inerwa Phulbariya

Raypur, Khoksar- Prabaha

qm=;=
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.

;8ssf] gfd
Birendra Bazar-BasbitiMusahamia
Rupnagar-Sawanpur Ghoghanpur
Boriya-Ranjitpur-Gorgama
Road
Kadamaha ChowkChakadaha-ParamanpurTikuliya-Dhatitol Road
Kushaha HighschoolMadhupatti-Lakshamipur
Road
Nardho-Anharikatti TolJamuwa-ShambhunathBaniniya Sadak
Portaha-MainakaderiBheriya-BuddhawaLohajara Road
Rampura-HattiKochabakhari-Lokharam
Road
Raypur-Khoksar-Tengaraha
Road
Topa-Parashahi-Koiladi
Road
Bhediya-Kamalpur-Babhana
Gaura-Sarswar-Gaura Mahanauri - Madhuban Balanpatti Shehara
Jhutki-Pachinadi Sadak

;8s ;txsf] lsl;d ls=ld=

sfnf]k u|fe]n slRr gofF
q]

nDjfO{
ls=ld=

jt{dfg
nDjfO{
ls=ld=

;a}
df};df
rfn'

cg's'n
df};df dfq
rfn'

5.00

5.00

5.00

5.00

Terahauta, Basbitti

6.80

6.80

2.00

4.80

2.00

4.80

Rupnagar

2.00

2.00

2.00

2.00

Itahari Bisnupur

10.00

10.00

10.00

10.00

6.00

6.00

6.00

6.00

Daulatpur,Madhupatti,Kushaha

3.00

3.00

3.00

3.00

Belahi Chapena,Nargho

10.00

10.00

10.00

10.00

Lohajara,Mainakakadera,trikal,Port
ha

7.00

7.00

7.00

7.00

Ko chabakhari,barahi Birpur, Ko
chabakhari,Chhinnamasta

4.00

4.00

4.00

4.00

Khoksar Parbaha

5.00

5.00

5.00

5.00

5.00

5.00

5.00

5.00

Bamangama Katti,Deuri
Bharuwa,Madhepura
Hadiya

4.00

4.00

4.00

4.00

Dhangadhi,Sarshwar

6.00

6.00

6.00

6.00

Jhutaki,Nargho,Banainiya

86

;8sn] 5f]Psf uflj;x?

Madhupatti,Kushaha,Haripur,Tikuli
ya,Paterwa

qm=;=
29.

;8ssf] gfd

35.

Bburki-HariharpurMatgadhi-Kamalpur Dighwa
Phatehpur-SakhawaniBalardah
Bhagani - Patantol - Odraha
Gangajali - Odraha Bochahi
Rupnagar-BastipurSawanpur -Ghoghanpur
DharmapurRaghunathapur-GoraparSukkhatol-TatamatolBarmajhiya
Kachan-Deuri

36.

Nardho-Bishanpur Road

30.
31.
32.
33.
34.

hDdf u|fld0f ;8s ls=ld=

;8s ;txsf] lsl;d ls=ld=

sfnf]k u|fe]n slRr gofF
q]

nDjfO{
ls=ld=

jt{dfg
nDjfO{
ls=ld=

;a}
df};df
rfn'

cg's'n
df};df dfq
rfn'

8.00

8.00

8.00

8.00

Prasbani,Hariharpur,Dighawa

2.00

2.00

2.00

2.00

Phattepur

4.00

4.00

4.00

4.00

Kamalpur

4.00

4.00

4.00

4.00

Kamalpur

4.00

4.00

4.00

4.00

Ghoghanpur,Dharmpur

8.00

8.00

8.00

8.00

Dharmapur,Barmahiya

3.00

3.00

3.00

3.00

Kanchan,Deuri

12.00

12.00

12.00

12.00

Aurahi,Parwaha,Nargho,Phakira,Si
mraha,Boraya,Itahari Bishnupur

240.44

240.44

41.00

199.44

41.00

199.44

;|f]t M :yfgLo k"jf{wf/ ljsf; tyf s[lif ;8s ljefu -8f]ln8f/_, @)&!

87

;8sn] 5f]Psf uflj;x?

&=@xjfO{ ;]jf
;Kt/L lhNnfdf lj=;+= @)!^ ;fndf /fhlj/fh gu/kflnsf b]lv @ lsdL blIf0f af]l/of ufpFdf
/fhlj/fh s'gf}nL -ef/t_ ;8s b]lv sl/a ! ls=dL= klZrddf ljdfg:yn lgdf{0f u/L ljdfg
;]jf ;+rfng ul/Psf] lyof] . xfn;Dd of] xjfO{ d}bfg sRrL cj:yfdf g} /x]sf] 5 . ljut w]/}
jif{b]lv aGb /x]sf] ljdfg ;]jf @)%( ;fndf ;+rfngdf cfP/ aGb ePsf] 5 . To;kl5 @)^)
kmfNu'g dlxgf b]lv xKtfsf] b'O{ lbg dfq k'gM ljdfg ;]jf ;+rfngdf cfPsf] 5 . sRrL xjfO{
d}bfgsf] sf/0f jiff{ df};ddf ;]jf aGb /xg] o; ljdfg ;]jf xfnsf] ;dodf k'/f aGb /x]sf] 5 .
lhlj; ;Kt/L tyf cGo lgsfof/f of] wfjgdfu{ kLr ug]{ gLlt lnOPsf] ePtfklg o;sf]
sfof{Gjog x'g ;s]sf] 5}g .
&=#;~rf/ ;'ljwf
;Kt/L lhNnfdf ;+rf/ tyf b"/;+rf/sf ;fwgx? klg k|;:t /x]sf 5g\ . oxfF g]kfn 6]lnsd
nufot ljleGg gLlh sDkgLx?n] ;~rf/ ;]jf k|bfg ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ . o;sf cltl/Qm o;
lhNnfdf x'nfs ;]jf / % j6f s'l/o/ ;]jf ;d]t /x]sf 5g\ . ;~rf/ / dgf]/~hgsf ;fwfgx?
lgDgfg';f/ /x]sf 5g\ .
-s_ kqklqsf
;~rf/sf] s'/f ubf{ o; lhNnfdf cfd ;~rf/sf dfWodx?sf] :yfg klg dxTjk"0f{ /x]sf] 5 . o;
lhNNff /x]sf cfd ;~rf/sf dfWodx?nfO{ rf/ j6f ;d"xdf ljefhg u/L tflnsf g+= (% df
k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 . o;sf cltl/Qm o; lhNNfdf s ju{df lj/f6gu/ / sf7df8f}+af6 k|sflzt
x'g] uf]/vfkq, sflGtk'/ b}lgs, gful/s b}lgs, g]kf ;dfrf/kq, lxdfno 6fOD;, /fhwfgL h:tf
b}lgs klqsfx? / sf7df8f}+af6 k|sflzt x'g] s ju{sf hgcf:yf, hgefjgf, b[li6, b]zfGt/
ljdz{, ;fKtflxs hg;Qf h:tf ;fKtflxs klqsfx?sf ;Djfbbftfx? ;d]t /x]sf 5g\ -cfjlws
gu/ljsf; of]hgf, /fhlj/fh, @)&)_ . ljleGg ;~rf/ dfWodx? ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+=
&=( df k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=7.9M lhNnfdf /x]sf ;~rf/ dfWodx?
/fhlj/fh 6'8] b}lgs
/fhlj/fh b}lgs
Go"h 6'8] b}lgs
s[i0ff b}lgs
hgcfqmf]z b}lgs
cfhsf] aftfj/0f b}lgs
Saty-That Daily

lu|g dw]z b}lgs

cfhsf] hgk'sf/ b}lgs
k"j{ k|eft b}lgs
tfhf ;dfrf/ b}lgs

-s_ 5fkf dfWodx? -kqklqsf_

dw]z qmflGt ;fKtflxs
s/]G6 kf]i6 ;fKtflxs
lanf]rg ;fKtflxs
nf]s ;ldIff ;fKtflxs
dWob]z ;fKtflxs
;Kt/L kf]i6 ;fKtflxs
ljb]x/fh ;fKtflxs
/fhlj/fh ;Gb]z
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35
36
37
38
39
40
41

;f}rfno

94

qm=;=

uflj;sf] gfd

s'n
3/w'/L

s'n
hg;+Vof

Pd8\ofu

;'/lIft

c;'/lIft

s'n
;f}rfno

;f}rfno
gePsf
3/w'/L

;f}rfno
ePsf]
3/w'/L
k|ltzt

42

abudf
hutk'/
l8dg
nnfk6\6L
dxfb]j
dwjfk'/
a/xL lj/k'/
nf]xh/f
ks/L
uf]O7L
cf]8/fx
kmQ]k'/
lkk|f k"j{
sdnk'/
/fhlj/fh gkf
s~rgk'/
xg'dfggu/
Ogjf{
;s/k'/f
/fdk'/dNxlgof
nf}lgof
uf]j/ufF8f
xl/k'/
df}jfxf
dNxfgfdf
;/:j/
/fdgu/
/f}tx6
dNxflgof
l6s'lnof
wgu9L
k6]jf{
l;:jfj]xL
a]NxL
3f]3gk'/
cgf{x

1,603

4,536

503

129

129

1,474

8.05

960

4,710

2,721

27

50

77

883

8.03

736

2,419

450

19

30

49

687

6.66

1,021

6,181

190

62

63

958

6.18

1,150

8,093

1,997

55

16

71

1,079

6.18

944

5,251

516

30

19

49

895

5.20

964

6,025

348

24

25

49

915

5.09

936

5,670

605

34

39

897

4.17

1,069

6,819

195

33

11

44

1,025

4.12

864

4,369

138

20

20

844

2.32

963

5,718

435

98

106

204

759

21.19

1,653

9,918

691

314

314

1,339

19.00

732

3,279

350

93

93

639

12.71

1,084

5,472

344

103

108

976

9.97

6,235

33,865

545

5,243

5,243

992

84.09

1,378

3,963

196

1,378

1,378

100.00

623

4,581

182

189

51

240

383

38.53

458

2,748

191

87

87

371

19.00

899

4,572

308

83

83

816

9.24

1,167

6,744

308

74

10

84

1,083

7.20

1,288

3,500

504

82

87

1,201

6.76

235

1,407

137

235

945

4,841

244

142

142

803

15.03

881

6,004

372

109

113

768

12.83

788

4,855

46

92

92

696

11.68

772

4,139

288

64

64

708

8.30

564

2,791

97

41

44

520

7.81

755

3,859

178

55

55

700

7.29

1,623

9,779

759

109

109

1,514

6.72

950

5,830

222

57

62

888

6.53

899

4,597

424

52

56

843

6.23

735

4,282

309

35

38

697

5.18

1,066

5,611

376

29

24

53

1,013

4.98

828

4,609

256

13

13

815

1.58

1,037

6,251

340

130

97

227

810

21.90

967

5,315

337

294

64

358

609

37.03

;fdfGo hfgsf/L

43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77

;f}rfno

95

qm=;=

uflj;sf] gfd

s'n
3/w'/L

s'n
hg;+Vof

Pd8\ofu

;'/lIft

c;'/lIft

s'n
;f}rfno

;f}rfno
gePsf
3/w'/L

;f}rfno
ePsf]
3/w'/L
k|ltzt

78

/fok'/ g6\sL
g3f]{
l5Ggd:tf
a:jnk'/
l;D/fl;lhof]g
ag/em'nf
vf]V;f/k"j{
sr]g
km"nsfxL
udxl/ofk/xjf
s6}of
a|xk'/
dn]sk'/
agf}nL
sljnf;L
l83jf
hd'gL dw]k'/
/fdk'/ hd'jf
cf}/fxL
a]lNxrk]gf
dg/fhf
v8\uk'/
dOgf;x;{jfx'
dn]y
b]p/L
kftf]
agOlgof
af]l/of
e'6xL
l;tfk'/
t]/x6
agf}nf
e+ufxf
a:flj6L
g]u8f
kmls/f

1,744

9,814

4,660

411

156

567

1,177

32.52

1,249

7,341

621

319

319

930

25.55

1,145

6,692

181

129

154

283

862

24.72

715

3,111

398

81

82

163

552

22.80

950

5,890

380

215

215

735

22.64

838

5,053

200

182

189

649

22.56

839

4,821

409

99

65

164

675

19.55

515

3,090

215

98

98

417

19.03

747

4,482

310

142

142

605

19.01

926

5,556

365

176

176

750

19.01

747

4,482

310

142

142

605

19.01

732

4,392

301

139

139

593

18.99

1,048

7,288

438

199

199

849

18.99

955

5,730

5,730

181

181

774

18.96

628

3,768

251

119

119

509

18.95

551

3,292

304

47

56

103

448

18.70

771

1,542

190

107

26

133

638

17.26

892

2,855

396

71

81

152

740

17.05

877

5,255

221

142

149

728

16.99

1,032

5,514

375

69

103

172

860

16.67

869

5,088

391

75

41

116

753

13.35

861

4,738

367

86

11

97

764

11.27

899

5,600

85

89

810

9.90

966

6,457

670

78

87

879

9.01

977

4,054

249

29

87

890

8.91

1,088

5,532

405

95

95

993

8.74

711

4,514

415

51

59

652

8.30

891

5,707

105

71

71

820

7.97

507

3,812

407

37

40

467

7.89

875

4,996

162

68

68

807

7.78

1,065

6,768

447

38

44

82

983

7.70

890

4,662

210

49

14

63

827

7.08

1,046

6,055

612

53

15

68

978

6.51

695

4,187

382

23

20

43

652

6.19

941

5,854

366

39

19

58

883

6.17

738

6,545

74

43

43

695

5.83

;fdfGo hfgsf/L

79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113

;f}rfno

96

uflj;sf] gfd

s'n
3/w'/L

s'n
hg;+Vof

Pd8\ofu

;'/lIft

c;'/lIft

s'n
;f}rfno

;f}rfno
gePsf
3/w'/L

;f}rfno
ePsf]
3/w'/L
k|ltzt

t/xL
em'6\sL
s'n hDdf

878

4,625

283

14

29

43

835

4.90

700

3,901

277

697

0.43

121,098

639,284

53,758

20,980

2,675

23,711

88,476

21.19

;fdfGo hfgsf/L

qm=;=
114
115

;f}rfno

;|f]tM lhlj; ;Kt/L, @)&! c;f/

&=^ 9n lgsf; / kmf]xf]/d}nf ;+sng tyf Joj:yfkg
/fhlj/fh gu/kflnsfdf zx/Ls/0fsf] a[l4 ;Fu} kmf]x/d}nf ;+sng / Joj:yfkgsdf klg ;:of
j9\b} uO/x]sf] 5 . zx/sf] kmf]x/ Joj:yfkgn] gu/sf] zf]ef a9fpg] / 36fpg] sfd ub{5 .
/flh/fh gu/kflnfsfdf 8lDk ;fO{6 gePsf]n] cf+lzs ?kdf kmf]x/d}nf Joj:yfkg ug]{ ul/Psf]
5 . kmf]x/d}nf ;8ssf] lsgf/f / gfnfdf kmfNgfn] lbg k|ltlbg jfo' k|b'if0f x'g uO{ /x]sf] 5 .
aflif{s ?kdf sl/j $) d]=6= kmf]x/d}nf pTkfbg x'g] /fhlj/fh gu/kflnsfdf xfn 6ofS6/
k|of]u u/L kmf]xf]/d}nf ;+sng ul/G5 . gu/kflnsfaf6 pTkflbt clwsf+z kmf]xf]/d}nfx? vfN8f]df
k'g]{, ;8s y'kfg]{ tyf glbsf] 5]pdf y'kfg]{ ul/Psf]n] klg zx/sf] jftfj/0f / :yfgLo afl;Gbfsf]
:jf:Yodf o;sf] k|lts"n c;/ kg]{ u/]sf] 5 . j8fx?df kmf]xf]/d}nf ;+sng tyf Joj:yfkgsf]
sfo{ xfn;Dd klg x'g ;s]sf] 5}g .kmf]xf]/d}nf kmfNg] 7fpF ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= &=!* df
pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=7.18M kmf]xf]/d}nf kmfNg] 7fpF
qm=;+=
kmfNg] 7fpF
kl/jf/ ;+Vof
k|ltzt
1747
30.6
! 3/af/Ldf vfN8f] vgL
1594
27.9
@ vfnL v]trf}/
1273
22.3
# ;8s lsgf/f
884
15.5
$ gfnf
211
3.7
% sG6]g/
5709
100.0
s'n
;|f]t M cfjlws gu/ ljsf; of]hgf, /fhlj/fh gu/kflnsf, @)&)
tflnsf g+=&=!* cg';f/ #)=^ kl/jf/n] kmf]x/d}nf cfg} v]tdf vfN8f] vg]/ y'kfb{5g\ eg]
@&=( kl/jf/ 3/ jl/kl/ vfnL v]trf}/df kmf]x/d}nf kmfNb5g\ . j8f g+= @, !), ^ / & sf
blIf0fL efusf afl;Gbfx? ljz]if u/L kmf]x/d}nf vfN8f] vg]/ of vfnL v]tdf kmfNb5g\ eg] j8f
g+= $, % !, #, * / ( df ljz]if u/L ;8s lsgf/f / gfnfdf kmf]x/d}nf kmfNg] ub{5g\ .
sG6]g/sf] Joj:yf ;ldlt ePsf]n] #=& kl/jf/ dfq sG6]g/sf] k|of]u ub{5g\ .

97

en'jfxL gbL lsgf/sf kl/jf/x?sf] zf}rfnosf] lgsf; ;f]xL gbLdf ug]{ ul/Psf]n] ;f] gbL
cToGt} k|b'lift x'g uPsf] 5 . ;fy} gu/kflnsfsf] kmf]x/d}nf kmfNg] 8lDk ;fO6sf] cefjsf]
sf/0f en'jfxL gbLsf] lsgf/df klg kmf]x/d}nf y'kfg]{ ul/G5 . /fhlj/fhdf a9\bf] Knfli6s
emf]nfsf] k|of]un] ubf{ klg k|b'if0f al9 /x]sf] 5 . j8f g+= ! xl6of jl/kl/sf sl/a &)
3/kl/jf/sf] zf}rfnsf] lgsf; gfnfdf ePsf]n] jfo' Pj+ hnLo k|b'if0f a9\b} uO/x]sf] 5 .
/fhlj/fh gu/kflnsfdf Jojl:yt a;kfs{sf] cefj /x]sf]n] gu/sf] s]Gb| lqe'jg rf}s / g]tf
rf}ssf] ;]/f]km]/f]df g} a;x? kfls{ ug]{ ul/Psf]n] gu/df Wjlg k|b'if0f a9\b} uPsf] 5 .
&=&gbL lgoGq0f
;Kt/L lhNnfdf /x]sf d'Vo vf]nf tyf gbLx?df ;'Gb/Lvf]nf, dx'nL vf]nf, vf8f] vf]nf, v8\u
vf]nf / l;;jf/L vf]nf /x]sf 5g\ . tL vf]nfx?n] k|efj kfg]{ uflj;x? / If]qkmnsf] ljj/0f tn
tflnsf g+= &=!( df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=7.19M e";+/If0f ug{kg]{ If]qx?
qm=;+= uflj;
:yfg / If]qkmn
! ?kgu/, w/dk'/, a/dlemof, wf]wgk'/
;'Gb/L vf]nf pkhnfwf/ #%) x]S6/
@ asw'jf, nf]xh/f, l8dg, h08f}n,
dx"nL vf]nf pknfwf/ %%) x]S6/
7]lnof,d}gfs88]/L
# Vf]S;/, l;tfk'/, t]/xf}tf, j;la6L, /fok'/,
vf8f] pkhnfwf/ !^)) x]S6/
dn]7, xl/x/k'/, ks/L, lbUjf, b]p/Le?jf,
k|;jgL, lj;xl/of,;s/k"/f, nf}lgof, ltnf7L,
nnfk6L
$ sNofg6k'/, vf]hk'/, e+ufxf, v8\uk'/, ;xqjfx' v8\u vf]nf pkhnfwf/ $#) x]S6/
% lkk|f k=, dw'd6L, xlb{of, bf}ntk'/, s';xf
l;;jf/L vf]nf pkhnfwf/ @&) x]S6/
;|f]tM lhNnf e";+/If0f sfof{Nfo, ;Kt/L, @)&)
;'Gb/L vf]nf, dx'nL vf]nf, vf8f] vf]nf, v8\u vf]nf / l;;jf/L vf]nfsf pkhnwf/x?sf]
lgoGq0fn] nfeflGjt uflj;x?sf] ljj/0f tflnsf g++= &=@) dfpNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=7.20MgbL lgoGq0fsf] cj:yf
qm=;=
gbL jf vf]nfgfnfsf] gfd
nfeflGjt uflj;x?gu/kflnsf j8fx?
1 ;"Gb/L vf]nf pkhnfwf/
?kgu/, w/dk'/, a/dlemof, wf]wgk'/
2 dx"nL vf]nf pknfwf/
asw'jf, lqsf}n, nf]xh/f, l*dg, h)*f}n, &]lnof,
d}gfs8]/L
3 vf8f] pkhnfwf/
Vf]S;/, l;tfk'/, t]/xf}tf, /fok'/, dn]&, xl/x/k'/,
b]p/Le?jf, k|;jgL, lj;xl/of,
4 v8u vf]nf pkhnfwf/
sNofgk'/, vf]hk'/, e+ufxf
5 l;;jf/L vf]nf pkhnfwf/
lkk/f k=, dw'd^L, xlb{of, bf}ntk'/, s';xf
;|f]tM lhNnf e";+/If0f sfof{Nfo, hnpTkGg k|sf]k, ;Kt/L, @)&)
98

8.

v08*M ;fdflhs k"jf{wf/ tyf ;]jf

*=! lzIff
;Kt/Ldf cfly{s jif{ @)!!!@ df 5fq tyf 5fqf b'a} dWo] sIff Psdf gofF egf{ ePsf ^&
;Fu k"j{ afnljsf;sf] cg'ej /x]sf] 5 h'g If]qLo / /fli6o txsf] ;/b/ -^!_ eGbf dfly xf] .
hasL ;Kt/Ldf cfwf/e"t / dfWolds lzIffdf x'g] egf{ /fli6o / If]qLo txsf] eGbf sd 5 . !@
jif{ ;Dd 5fq tyf 5fqfsf] :s"n 5f8\g]b/ Pp6} b]lvG5 eg] To;kl5sf] pd]/df eg] 5fqfx?sf]
:s"n 5f8\g] b/ bf]Aa/ b]lvG5 .;Kt/Lsf sl/j b'O{ ltxfO ljBfnox?df vfg]kfgL zf}rfnosf]
;'ljwf /x]sf] 5 t/ s]jn Ps ltxfO{ ljBfnox?df dfq 5fq tyf 5fqfx?sf] nflu 5'f 5'}
zf}rfnosf] ;'ljwf / xft w'g] ;'ljwf /x]sf] 5 .
o; lhNnfdf s]Gb|af6k|fKt ;'ljwfdf sfd ug]{ k|fylds lzIfsx?sf] ;+Vof @,)@^ /x]sf] 5 eg]
Tof] eGbf dflyNnf] txdf ^!@ lzIfsx? sfo{/t /x]sf 5g\ . To;} u/L o; lhNnfdf cfwf/e"t
tx / dfWolds txdf lzIfs ljBfyL{ cg'kft qmdzM %^ / $) /x]sf] 5 . sIff ! b]lv % ;Ddsf
lzIfsx? dWo] @& lzIfsx? dlxnf lzIfsx? /]x]sf 5g\ / lt dWo] % k|ltzt tflnd glnPsf
5g\ t/ ;f]xL txsf k'?if lzIfsx? eg] s]jn @ k|ltzt dfq tflnd ljlxg 5g\ . sIff ^* df
dlxnf lzIfsx?sf] k|ltzt !% /x]sf] 5 / lt dWo] @@ k|ltzt tflnd ljlxg /x]sf 5g\ . hasL
;f]xL txsf k'?if lzIfsx? !) k|ltzt dfq tflnd ljlxg /x]sf 5g\ . kfFr jif{ eGbf dflysf b'O{
ltxfO{ eGbf al9 -^&_ k'?ifx? / $# dlxnfx? ;fIf/ /x]sf 5g\ . lt dWo] @# k'/if / !$
dlxnfn] cfwf/e"t lzIff k'/f u/]sf 5g\ .
;Kt/Ldf Pp6f dfq ;/sf/L SofDk; /x]sf] 5 . o;df dfgljsL / lzIffdf :gftsf]Q/ tx
;Ddsf] k9fO{ x'G5 eg] sfg"g, lj1fg / Joj:yfkg ljifosf] :gfts tx ;Ddsf] k9fO x'G5 .
@)!@ df hDdf !^@^ ljBfyL{x?n] cWoog u/]sf]df lt dWo] dlxnfsf] lx:;f @( k|ltzt /x]sf]
lyof] . o; afx]s lqljaf6 ;DaGwg k|fKt u/L gLlh:t/af6 /fhlj/fh, ef]8], efUgfk'/df tyf
kmQ]k'/df ;~rflnt % j6f SofDk;x?n] lzIff / Joj:yfkgdf :gfts tx ;Ddsf] lzIff k|bfg
ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ .
*=!=! lhNnfsf] z}lIfs tyf ;fIf/tf l:ylt
;Kt/L lhNnfsf] z}lIfs cj:yf ;DjGwL k"j{ afn ljsf; tyf k"j{ k|fylds ljBfnosf] ;+VofTds
cj:yf tflnsf g+= *=! df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.1M k"j{ afn ljsf;k"j{ k|fylds ljBfnosf] ;+VofTds cj:yf
jif{
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011

>f]t M

;d'bfodf cfwfl/t
200
200
200
200
200

;fd'bflos ljBfnosf
168
208
397
429
461

;+:yfut ljBfnosf
0
28
4
4
40

hDdf
368
436
601
633
701

GoN/MoE/DoE (2011). Consolidated Report, 2011, School Level Educational Statistics of Nepal, Annex 1

99

;Kt/L lhNnfdf txut ljBfyL{sf] ;+Vof tflnsf g+= *=@ df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.2M txut ljBfyL{ ;+Vof
tx
k|fylds
tx
lgDg
dfWolds
dfWolds
pRr
dfWolds
hDdf

%fqf
54721
72143
7665
9848
144377

;|f]tM lhNnf lzIff sfof{no ;Kt/L, @)&!,

%fq
51285
68251
8646
10945
139127

hDdf
16006
140394
16311
20343
193054

Status Report, 2011-12

;Kt/L lhNnfdf txcg';f/sf] ljBfno ;+Vof tflnsf g+= *=# df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.3M tx cg';f/ ljBfno ;+Vof
jif{
tx
k|fylds
tx
lgDg
dfWolds
dfWolds
pRr
dfWolds
hDdf

>f]t M

2007
346
114
64
351

2008
346
114
64
11
351

2009
336
102
52
28
340

2010
336
102
52
28
340

2011
481
176
72
41
484

GoN/MoE/DoE (2011). Consolidated Report, 2011, School Level Educational Statistics of Nepal, Annex II

;Kt/L lhNnfdf k"j{ afnljsf; s]Gb| / k"j{ k|fylds ljBfnodf ePsf] egf{sf] ;+Vof ;DjGwL
ljj/0f tflnsf g+= *=$ df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.4M k"j{ afnljsf; s]Gb| / k"j{ k|fylds ljBfnodf ePsf] egf{sf] ;+Vof
jif{
5fqf
5fq
hDdf

>f]t M

2006

357

445

802

2007

4218

4381

8599

2008

5288

5397

10685

2009

6196

6381

12577

2010

3594

3552

7146

2011

7725

7807

15532

GoN/MoE/DoE (2011). Consolidated Report, 2011, School Level Educational Statistics of Nepal, Annex V

100

;Kt/L lhNnfdf k"j{ afnljsf; s]Gb| / k"j{ k|fylds ljBfnodf egf{sf] cj:yf ;DjGwL ljj/0f
tflnsf g+= *=% df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.5M k"j{ afn ljsf; s]Gb| / k"j{k|fylds sIffx?df egf{sf] cj:yf
blnt
hghflt
egf{ ePsf] jif{
5fqf
5fq
hDdf
5fqf
5fq
hDdf
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011

>f]t M

962
1514
1795
1337
2112

977
1591
1846
1463
2079

1939
3105
3641
2800
4191

713
898
1401
1504
1626

698
960
1568
1463
1821

1411
1858
2969
2967
3447

GoN/MoE/DoE (2011). Consolidated Report, 2011, School Level Educational Statistics of Nepal, Annex VII

;Kt/L lhNnfdf wfld{s ljBfnox? db/;f, u'Djf / u'?s'n ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= *=^ df
pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.6M wfld{s ljBfnox? ;DjGwL ljj/0f
db/;f
u'Daf
u'?s'n
hDdf
49

50

;|f]tM lhNnf lzIff sfof{no ;Kt/L, @)&!, Flash Report 2011/12, DEO, Saptari
;Kt/L lhNnfdf s'n d'l:nd ljBfyL{x? ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= *=& df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.7M s'n d'l:nd ljBfyL{x? ;DjGwL ljj/0f
s]6f
s]6L
hDdf
2214

2768

4982

lhNNff lzIff sfof{no ;Kt/L, @)!$

;Kt/L lhNnfdf ljleGg txdf egf{ cg'kft ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= *=* df pNn]v ul/Psf]
5.
tflnsf g+=8.8M ljleGg txaf6 egf{ cg'kft ;DjGwL ljj/0f
jif{
k|f=lj= b]lv lgDg df=lj= lgDg df=lj= b]lv df=lj= b]lv pRr df=lj=
df=lj=
3.0
1.8
5.8
@))&
3.0
1.8
5.8
@))*
3.3
2.0
1.9
@))(
3.3
2.0
1.9
@)!)
2.7
2.4
1.8
@)!!
>f]t M

GoN/MoE/DoE (2011). Consolidated Report, 2011, School Level Educational Statistics of Nepal, Annex IV

101

;Kt/L lhNnfsf ;a} k|sf/sf ljBfnox?df k|fylds txdf egf{ x'g]sf] ;+Vof ;DjGwL ljj/0f
tflnsf g+= *=( df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.9M ;a} k|sf/sf ljBfnodf k|fylds txdf egf{ x'g]sf] ;+Vof
jif{
5fqfsf] ;+Vof
5fqsf] ;+Vof
hDdf

>f]t M

2003

28688

40243

68931

2004

34405

46130

80535

2005

44173

52181

96354

2006

52422

58551

110973

2007

46456

51592

98048

2008

35371

37723

73094

2009

45664

44652

90316

2010

31668

30774

62442

2011

55241

52953

108194

GoN/MoE/DoE (2011). Consolidated Report, 2011, School Level Educational Statistics of Nepal, Annex XI

;Kt/L lhNnfsf ;fd'bflos ljBfnodf lgDg df=lj= / df=lj= txdf egf{ x'g]sf] ;+Vof ;DjGwL
ljj/0f tflnsf g+= *=!) df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.10M ;fd'bflosf ljBfnodf lgDg dflj / dflj txdf egf{ x'g]sf] ;+Vof
sIff ^*
5fqfsf] 5fqsf]
;+Vof
;+Vof

jif{

hDdf

sIff (!)
5fqfsf] 5fqsf]
hDdf
;+Vof
;+Vof

2007
2008

10797
4808

17002
7046

27799
11854

4730
2425

7506
3754

12236
6179

2009
2010
2011

10112
7954
15791

12167
8208
15979

22279
16162
31770

4584
2549
6292

5719
3170
7396

10303
5719
13688

>f]t M

sIff !!!@
5fqfsf] 5fqsf]
hDdf
;+Vof
;+Vof
0
0
1132
1078
2333

933
794
2261

2065
1872
4594

GoN/MoE/DoE (2011). Consolidated Report, 2011, School Level Educational Statistics of Nepal, Annex
XII_B

;Kt/L lhNnfsf ;fd'bflos ljBfnodf k|fylds txdf egf{ x'g]sf] ;+Vof ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf
g+= *=!! df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tlnsf g+= 8.11M ;fd'bflosf ljBfnodf k|fylds txdf egf{ x'g]sf] ;+Vof
jif{
5fqfsf] ;+Vof
5fqsf] ;+Vof
hDdf
2003
2004
2005
2006

28688
34207
44173
51006

40243
45632
52181
56773

102

68931
79839
96354
107779

jif{

2007
2008
2009
2010
2011

>f]t M

5fqfsf] ;+Vof

5fqsf] ;+Vof

46456
35371
45024
31302
54043

51592
37723
41592
30456
50785

hDdf

98048
73094
86616
61758
104828

GoN/MoE/DoE (2011). Consolidated Report, 2011, School Level Educational Statistics of Nepal, Annex
XIII_A

;Kt/L lhNnfdf k|fylds txdf egf{ ePsf blntx?sf] egf{sf] cj:yf ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf
g+= *=!@ df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tlnsf g+=8.12M k|fylds txdf egf{ ePsf blntsf] egf{sf] cj:yf
jif{
5fqfsf] ;+Vof
5fqsf] ;+Vof
hDdf
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011

>f]t M

7625
12912
13198
5838
11326
11141
10774
18603

11249
21041
14666
6835
12480
11329
10694
18570

18874
33953
27864
12673
23806
22470
21468
37173

GoN/MoE/DoE (2011). Consolidated Report, 2011, School Level Educational Statistics of Nepal, Annex XV

;Kt/L lhNnfdf k|fylds txdf egf{ ePsf hghfltx?sf] egf{sf] cj:yf ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf
g+= *=!# df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tlnsf g+=8.13M k|fylds txdf egf{ ePsf hghfltsf] egf{sf] cj:yf
jif{
5fqfsf] ;+Vof
5fqsf] ;+Vof
hDdf
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011

>f]t M

7647
10891
7658
4392
6853
6706
5377
11556

9308
11710
7825
4477
6947
6362
5148
10542

16955
22601
15483
8869
13800
13068
10525
22098

GoN/MoE/DoE (2011). Consolidated Report, 2011, School Level Educational Statistics of Nepal, Annex XVI

103

;Kt/L lhNnfdf lg=df=lj= / df=lj= txdf egf{ ePsf ckftfx?sf] egf{sf] cj:yf ;DjGwL
ljj/0f tflnsf g+= *=!$ df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.14M lg=df=lj=/ df=lj=txdf ckftf ePsf ;a} k|sf/sf ljBfyL{x?sf] egf{ ;+Vof
jif{
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011

>f]t M

sIff ^*
5fqfsf] 5fqsf]
hDdf
;+Vof
;+Vof
2505
1073
536
748
1435
1542
3961

3722
2036
1123
1539
1974
1888
4139

6227
3109
1659
2287
3409
3430
8100

sIff (!)
5fqfsf] 5fqsf]
hDdf
;+Vof
;+Vof
695
347
191
251
418
428
1060

1550
641
341
487
718
535
1301

2245
988
532
738
1136
963
2361

sIff !!!@
5fqfsf] 5fqsf]
hDdf
;+Vof
;+Vof

38
74
246

37
94
308

0
0
0
0
75
168
554

GoN/MoE/DoE (2011). Consolidated Report, 2011, School Level Educational Statistics of Nepal, Annex
XVII_A & B

;Kt/L lhNnfdf k|fylds txdf egf{ ePsf ckftfx?sf] egf{sf] cj:yf ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf
g+= *=!% df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.15M k|fylds txdf ckftf ePsf ;a} k|sf/sf ljBfyL{x?sf] egf{ ;+Vof
ckftfsf] lsl;d
zf/Ll/s ckftf
dfgl;s ckftf
sfg g;'Gg]
cfFvf gb]Vg]

sfg g;'Gg] / cfFvf gb]Vg]

af]Ng g;Sg]
hDdf

ljBfyL{
5fqf
5fq
hDdf
5fqf
5fq
hDdf
5fqf
5fq
hDdf
5fqf
5fq
hDdf
5fqf
5fq
hDdf
5fqf
5fq
hDdf
5fqf
104

egf{ ePsf] jif{

2009

2010

2011

88
95
183
52
59
111
15
30
45
6

80
77
157
62
70
132
19
24
43
5

146
217
363
77
83
160
32
49
81
10

6
12

7
12

20
30

39

66

11

105

16

12

49

19

31

72

35

43

121

182

179

353

ckftfsf] lsl;d

egf{ ePsf] jif{

ljBfyL{

2009

5fq
hDdf
>f]t M

2010

2011

215

215

507

397

394

860

GoN/MoE/DoE (2011). Consolidated Report, 2011, School Level Educational Statistics of Nepal, Annex
XIX

;Kt/L lhNnfdf dfWoflds txdf ckftf ePsf ;a} k|sf/sf ljBfyL{x?sf] egf{ ;+Vof ;DjGwL
ljj/0f tflnsf g+= *=!^ df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.16M lgDg dfWolds txdf ckftf ePsf ;a} k|sf/sf ljBfyL{x?sf] egf{ ;+Vof
ckftfsf] lsl;d
zf/Ll/s ckftf

dfgl;s ckftf

sfg g;'Gg]

cfFvf gb]Vg]

sfg g;'Gg] / cfFvf gb]Vg]

af]Ng g;Sg]

hDdf
>f]t M

ljBfyL{

2009

26
40
66
14
17
31
10
13
23
3
3
6
0
1
1
2
3
5
55
77
132

5fqf
5fq
hDdf
5fqf
5fq
hDdf
5fqf
5fq
hDdf
5fqf
5fq
hDdf
5fqf
5fq
hDdf
5fqf
5fq
hDdf
5fqf
5fq
hDdf

egf{ ePsf] jif{

2010

2011

23
36
59
25
33
58
3
13
16
3
6
9
3
0
3
2
7
9
59
95
154

47
69
116
27
38
65
7
11
18
5
4
9
1
4
5
7
7
14
94
133
227

GoN/MoE/DoE (2011). Consolidated Report, 2011, School Level Educational Statistics of Nepal, Annex XX

105

;Kt/L lhNnfdf pd]/ cg';f/ ;fIf/tfsf] cj:yf ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= *=!& df pNn]v
ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.17M pd]/ cg';f/ ;fIf/tfsf] cj:yf
pd]/ ;d"x
% jif{ / ;f]eGbf a9Lsf]
hg;+Vof

% jif{
^ jif{
& jif{
* jif{
( jif{
!) jif{
!! jif{
!@ jif{
!# jif{
!$ jif{
!% jif{
!^!( jif{
@)@$ jif{
@%@( jif{
#)#$ jif{
#%#( jif{
$)$$ jif{
$%$( jif{
%)%$ jif{
%%%( jif{
^)^$ jif{
^%^( jif{
&)&$ jif{
&% jif{ eGbf dfly
;|f]tM

hDdf

k9\g /
n]Vg ;Sg]

k9\g dfq
;Sg]

k9\g /
n]Vg
g;Sg]

;fIf/tf cj:yf
pNn]v gePsf]
681

576027

313924

17230

244192

19568

8960

3156

7377

75

16313

10476

1820

3997

20

17183

12748

1432

2980

23

20993

16533

1166

3280

14

12076

10370

411

1289

23417

19180

742

3473

22

11368

9870

353

1142

20341

16999

366

2967

13395

11578

174

1635

14905

12508

220

2173

15082

11825

242

3004

11

46729

34936

756

11000

37

48584

29433

1167

17938

46

48703

24852

1270

22515

66

42353

18938

1177

22191

47

41928

17634

1147

23092

55

34180

12672

221

21232

55

30367

10133

258

19938

38

24418

7166

250

16973

29

22670

6255

266

16109

40

20122

4534

217

15341

30

13993

3114

178

10681

20

9448

1774

127

7531

16

7891

1436

114

6334

National Population and Housing Census 2011, Social Characteristics Tables, Volume 5, Part III,
Table 16

106

;Kt/L lhNnfdf k|fylds :t/df pQL0f{ b/ ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= *=!* df pNn]v ul/Psf]
5.
tflnsf g+=8.18Mk|fylds :t/df pQL0f{ b/
qm= ;+=
lhNnf:t/
sIff
@)^*
@)^(
-k|ltzt_
-k|ltzt_
1
2

sIff pQL)f{ b/ -13_

sIff pQL)f{ b/ -45_
cf}ift -sIff 15_

88
94=66
89=99

92=06
96=68
93=58

;|f]tM lhNnf lzIff sfof{no ;Kt/L, @)&!

;Kt/L lhNnfdf z}lIfs of]Uotf cg';f/sf] hg;+Vof ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= *=!( df pNn]v
ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.19M z}lIfs of]Uotf cg';f/sf] hg;+Vof ljj/0f
z}lIfs tx
k|f/lDes lzIff
k|fylds -!%_
lgDg dfWolds -^*_
dfWolds -(!)_
P;Pn;L jf ;f] ;/x
pRr df=lj= jf ;f] ;/x
:gfts jf ;f] ;/x
:gftsf]Q/ jf ;f] ;/x
cGo
cgf}krfl/s lzIff
tx pNn]v gePsf]
>f]t M

dlxnf

k'?if

hDdf

3736

5147

8883

58624

70753

129377

26012

37673

63685

14697

27152

41849

11519

22404

33923

7031

14252

21283

2281

7419

9700

280

1544

1824

206

329

535

2584

3161

5745

1200

1676

2876

s'n hDdf

319680

National Population and Housing Census 2011, Social Characteristics Tables, Volume 5,
Part III, Table 17

107

*=!=@ lzIff ;]jf tyf ;'ljwf, k"jf{wf/sf] dfu tyf cfk"lt{

;Kt/L lhNnfdf /x]sf lzIff ;|f]t s]Gb|x? / ltgLx? cGt/ut /x]sf uflj;x? ;DjGwL ljj/0f
tflnsf g+= *=@) df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.20M lzIff ;|f]t s]Gb|x? / ltgLx? cGtu{tsf uflj;x?
qm=;+=

;|f]t s]Gb|sf]
gfd

ljBfno
;+Vof

s'zxf

$)

ag/em'Nnf

%*

kftf]

$&

af]b]j;f{Og

%(

srGbfxf

%$

/fhlj/fh

(&

&

ltnf7L

^$

aegufdfs6\6L

%@

k|zjgL

^)

;DalGwt uflj;xsf] gfd

s'zxf, bf}ntk'/, xlb{of, xl/k'/,
dw'kl6, dnxgdf,
lkk|fklZrd,l6s'lnof, k6]jf{
ag/em'Nnf, Ogjf{km'njl8of,
sNof0fk'/, vf]hk'/, d}Gxf;x;|jfx',
k+;]/f, g]+u8f, wgu9L, l;:jfj]NxL
kftf], cf}/xL, sljnf;f, e'txL,
ag}lgof, a|xDk'/, a]NxLrk]gf,
uDxl/ofk|jfxf, em'6sL, g3f]{, t/xL,
v8uk'/, b]p/L
af]b]j;f{Og, agf}nf, agf}nL, sfrg,
dfg/fhf, df}jfxf, /fdgu/, /f}tx6,
;f/:j/, dNxlgof, a]NxL, km'NsfxL
z+e'gfy, a;jnk'/, e+ufxf, cgf{xf,
vf]S;/k|jfxf, df]xgk'/, kTy/uf8f,
/fdk'/hd'jf, gs6L /fok'/, xlb{of,
s6}of
/fhlj/fh g=kf=, dn]sk'/,
l;d|fxfl;+Uof}g, hd'gLdw]k'/f, af]l/of,
km;}{7, O{6xl/lji0f'k'/, a;lj6L,
lb3jf,dn]7,b]p/Le?jf
ltnf7L, a/xLlj/k'/, ljifxl/of,
l5Ggd:tf, sf]rfjvf/L, nf}lgof,
sf]Onf8L, nfnkl6, /dk'/fdNxlgof,
;s/k'/f, kmls/f, sf]=dw]k'/f
aegufdfs6L, ef/bx, uf]j/uf9f,
xg'dfggu/, Ogjf{, !g+= of]lgulgof,
@g+=of]lulgof, dxb]jf, sf]=a;f{Og,
eujtk'/, dwjfk'/
k|zjgL, 8f9f, uf]O7L, aygfxf,
h08f}n, dogfs8]/L, ks/L, nf]xhf/f,
aSw'jf, xl/x/k'/, l;tfk'/, t]/xf}tf,
lqsf}n, l8dg

108

e"sDk, af9L, 8'jfg, cfunfuL,

xfjfx'/Laf6, k|efljt x'g;Sg]
cj:yf

qm=;+=

;|f]t s]Gb|sf]
gfd

!)

ljBfno
;+Vof

s+rgk'/

e"sDk, af9L, 8'jfg, cfunfuL,

xfjfx'/Laf6, k|efljt x'g;Sg]
cj:yf

;DalGwt uflj;xsf] gfd

s+rgk'/, abufdf, w/dk'/, 3f]3gk'/,
kmQ]k'/, sdnk'/, cf]b|fxf, lkk|fk"j{,
a}/jf, hutk'/, kf]tf{xf, a/dlemof,
?kgu/, 7]lnof

&@

;|f]tM lhNnf lzIff sfof{no ;Kt/L, @)&!

;Kt/L lhNnfdf ;|f]t s]Gb|ut ?kdf ;fd'bflos ;+:yfut ljBfnox?sf] ;+Vof ;DjGwL ljj/0f
tflnsf g+= *=@! df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.21M ;|f]ts]Gb|ut ?kdf ;fd'bflos / ;+:yfut ljBfnox?sf] ;+Vof
k|f=lj=

qm=
;=

;|f]ts]Gb|

1
2

lg=df=lj=

df=lj=

;fd'bfl
os

;+:yf
ut

hD
df

s~rgk'/
k|zjgL

23

33

aegufdf
s^\^L

31

4
5
6

ltnf&L
/fhlj/fh
srGbxf

50

53

37

46

16

23

23

30

12

16

kftf]

30

31

43

4
4

af]b]a;f{O
g
ag/em'nf

32

37

10

s'zxf

14

19

316

46

362

hDdf

p=df=lj=

;fd'bfl
os

;+:yf
ut

hD
df

;fd'bfl
os

;+:yf
ut

hD
df

32

11

19

14

36

12

13

34

10

13

0
10
1

14
102

;fd'bfl
os

hDdf

;+:yf
ut

hD
df

;fd'bfl
os

;+:yf
ut

hD
df

47

25

72

54

60

45

52

18

60

64

10

62

35

97

42

12

46

57

5
4
4
7
59

11

48

10

17

32

31

133

43

23

66

32

10

42

493

110

5
8
4
0
603

;|f]tM lhNnf lzIff sfof{no ;Kt/L, @)&!, Status Report 2011/012

;Kt/L lhNnfsf] lj=;= @)^&, @)^*, @)^( / @)&) ;fnsf] P;=Pn=;L= kl/Iffsf] lgoldt /
PShfd6]8 kl/Iffdf ;fd]n k/LIffyL{ / pQL0f{ k|ltzt tflnsf g+= *=@@ df pNNf]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.22M P;=Pn=;L=k/LIff ;DaGwL ljj/0f
2067
lgoldt
PShfd^]*
hDdf
2068
lgoldt
PShfd^]*
hDdf

k/LIffdf ;fd]n k/LIffyL{

7098
2264
9362
k/LIffdf ;fd]n k/LIffyL{
7368
3235
10603
109

pQL)f{ k|ltzt
32=84
5=96
pQL)f{ k|ltzt
34=09
11=00

2067
2069
lgoldt
PShfd^]*
hDdf

k/LIffdf ;fd]n k/LIffyL{

k/LIffdf ;fd]n k/LIffyL{
7596
3143
10739
k/LIffdf ;fd]n k/LIffyL{
7894
4532
12426

@)&)
lgoldt
PShfd^]*
hDdf

pQL)f{ k|ltzt
pQL)f{ k|ltzt
19
0=05
pQL)f{ k|ltzt
16=49
1=3

;|f]tM lhNnf lzIff sfof{no ;Kt/L, @)&!

gf]6M @)&) ;fnsf] P; Pn ;L sf] glthfdf ;fd'bflos ljBfnoaf6 & k|ltzt / ;+:yfut
ljBfnoaf6 !% k|ltzt ljBfyL{ plt0f{ ePsf 5g\ .-;|f]tM lhlzsf ;Kt/L_
*=!=# dfgj ;+zfwg ljsf;sf] ;du| l:ylt
txut ?kdf k|f=lj=, lg=df=lj= / df=lj= df sfod /x]sf] lzIfs b/jGbL / /fxt sf]6f ;DjGwL
ljj/0f tflnsf g+= *=@# df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.23M txut b/aGbL ljj/0f
k|fylds tx
b/aGbL /fxt
1307 445

lgDg dfWolds tx
hDdf b/aGbL
/fxt hDdf
1752 268
185 453

dfWolds tx
b/aGbL
/fxt
234
91

hDdf
325

s"n
hDdf
2530

;|f]tM lhNnf lzIff sfof{no ;Kt/L, @)&!

txut ?kdf ;fd'bflos / ;+:yfut ljBfnodf k|f=lj=, lg=df=lj= / df=lj= df sfo{/t lzIfs
;+Vof ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= *=@$ df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.24M lzIfs ;+Vofsf] ljj/0f -;+:yfut ljBfno ;d]t_
k|fylds txtkm{
s'n lzIfs ;fd'bflos
ljBfnodf

s'n lzIfs

s'n lzIfs ;+:yfut ljBfnodf

dlxnf

k'?if

hDdf

dlxnf

k'?if

hDdf

dlxnf

k'?if

hDdf

751

1397

2148

614

1106

1720

137

291

428

lgdflj tkm{
89

420

509

58

325

383

31

95

126

11

66

77

dflj tkm{
30

306

336

19

240

259

;|f]tM lhNnf lzIff sfof{no ;Kt/L, @)&!

110

txut ?kdf blnt / hghflt lzIfsx? ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= *=@% df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5
.
tflnsf g+=8.25M blnt hghftL lzIfsx?sf] k|ltzt
k|flj
blnt
k|ltzt

hghflt
k|ltzt

4.3

27.4

lgdflj
blnt k|ltzt
hghflt
k|ltzt

dflj
blnt k|ltzt
hghflt k|ltzt

1.8

1.8

19.6

15.8

;|f]tM lhNnf lzIff sfof{no ;Kt/L, @)&!

txut ?kdf ;fd'bflos ljBfnodf tflnd k|fKt lzIfs ;+Vof ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= *=@^
df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.26Mtflnd k|fKt lzIfs ;+Vof ;DaGwL ljj/0f -;fd'bflos ljBfno_
k|flj tkm{ k|ltzt
k"0f{
cfFlzs
tflnd k|fKt gu/]sf
dlxnf

k'?if

hDdf

dlxnf

k'?if

hDdf

dlxnf

k'?if

hDdf

94.3

93.5

93.7

3.6

5.7

5.0

2.1

0.9

1.3

20.7

11.7

13.1

0.0

1.3

1.2

lgdflj tkm{ k|ltzt

77.6

76.0

76.2

1.7

12.3

10.7

dflj tkm{ k|ltzt

100.0

91.3

91.9

0.0

7.5

6.9

;|f]tM lhNnf lzIff sfof{no ;Kt/L, @)&!, Flash II_2012-013

ljleGg txdf sIffut?kdf 5fq tyf 5fqfx? ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= *=@& df pNn]v
ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.27M 5fq 5fqfsf] cj:yf
qm
;

k|fylds tx

cfwf/e"t
dflj=
p=dflj=
-sIff !* -sIff (!) -sIff!!
hDdf_
hDdf_ !@ hDdf_

;"rsx?

sIff
!

sIff
@

sIff
#

sIff
$

hDdf ljBfyL{

23768

20343

17928

14949

13028

11320 10344 10425

122105

17518

%fq

11282

9595

8493

6816

6117

5330

4922

4985

57540

8820

1966

%fqf

12486

10748

9435

8133

6911

5990

5422

5440 64565

8694

2084

sIffut
k|ltzt

19=46

16=66

14=68

12=24

10=66

9=27

8=47

s"n
ljBfyL{dWo]
%fq k|ltzt

47=46

47=16

47=37

45=59

46=9

s"n
ljBfyL{dWo]
%fqf k|ltzt

52=53

52=83

52=62

54=40

53=08

sIff sIff sIff sIff

%
^
&
*

111

4050

8=53

47=08 47=58 47=81

47=12

50=34

48=54

52=91

52=87

49=62

51=45

52=41

52=18

qm
;

k|fylds tx

cfwf/e"t
dflj=
p=dflj=
-sIff !* -sIff (!) -sIff!!
hDdf_
hDdf_ !@ hDdf_

;"rsx?

sIff
!

sIff
@

sIff
#

sIff
$

sIff sIff sIff sIff

%
^
&
*

s"n
ljBfyL{dWo]
blnt k|ltzt

36=37

35=62

38=08

34=14

31=71

27=42

24=33

22=36

32=68

19=43

10=12

s"n
ljBfyL{dWo]
hghflt
k|ltzt

17=05

16=44

17=75

19=44

21=46

22=56

23=84

24=30

19=44

26=17

33=35

s"n
ljBfyL{dWo]
cGok|ltzt

46=58

47=94

44=17

46=42

46=83

50=02

51=83

53=34

47=88

26=17

33=35

;|f]tM lhNnf lzIff sfof{no ;Kt/L, @)&!

;|f]t s]Gb|ut ?kdf blnt hfltsf ljBfyL{x? ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= *=@* df pNn]v
ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.28M ;|f]t s]Gb|ut ?kdf blnt hfltsf ljBfyL{x? ;DaGwL ljj/0f -@)&)=_
blnt ljBfyL{ ;\Vof
qm=
;|f]t s]Gb|sf] gfd
;+=
5fq
5fqf
hDdf
!
@
#
$
%
^
&
*
(
!)

s'zxf
ag/em'Nnf
kftf]
af]b]j;f{Og
srGbfxf
/fhlj/fh
ltnf7L
aegufdfs6\6L
k|zjgL
s+rgk'/
hDdf

1251

1337

2588

2037

2167

4205

2202

2180

4382

2148

2162

4310

2047

2078

4125

2444

2518

4962

2243

2372

4615

2103

2075

4178

3073

2875

5948

2250

2162

4412

21798

21927

43725

;|f]tM lhNnf lzIff sfof{no ;Kt/L, @)&!

pd]/ ;d'x cg';f/sf] hg;+Vof / ljBfno uO/x]sf] hg;+Vof ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= *=@(
df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.29M pd]/ ;d'x cg';f/sf] hg;+Vof / ljBfno uO/x]sf] hg;+Vof ljj/0f
s"n hg;+Vof
ljBfno uO/x]sf] hg;+Vof
ljj/0f
pd]/ ;d"x
dlxnf k'?if hDdf dlxnf
k'?if hDdf
k"j{ k|f=lj= -g;{/L, s]hL_
cfwf/e"t tx -sIff 18_
df=lj= -sIff 910_
pRr df=lj= -102_

35 jif{
614jif{
1517 jif{
1820 jif{

;|f]tM lhNnf lzIff sfof{no ;Kt/L, @)&!,

10052
12782
937
1495

Flash Report 2012/013

112

10388
11684
911
1139

20440
24466
1848
2634

lhNnfsf] z}lIfs pknlJwsf] :t/ / nIo ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= *=#) df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5
.
tflnsf g+=8.30M lhNnfsf] z}lIfs pknlAw ;"rs tyf nIo
qm= ;+= ;"rs

5fqf5fq /
hDdf

lhNnfsf] l:ylt

cf=j= @)&)&!
sf] nIo

(GER)

hDdf
5fqf
5fq

$$=!
$%=!
$#=@

%%=)
%^=)
%%=)

@=!

aflas]af6 sIff ! df gofF egf{

@=@

sIff ! df sf]/f k|j]zb/ (GIR)

@=#

sIff Psdf v'b k|j]z b/ (NIR)

hDdf
5fqf
5fq
hDdf
5fqf
5fq
hDdf
5fqf
5fq

^^=&
^&=)
^^=%
!%!=!
!%*=#
!$$=#
()=!
**=^
(!=^

&)
&!
&)
!$#
!$*
!##
(@
()
(#

hDdf
5fqf
5fq
hDdf
5fqf
5fq

!#$=^
!$!=%
!@*=!
*$=$
*!=^
*&=)

!@$
!#!
!!*
()
**
(!

hDdf
5fqf
5fq
hDdf
5fqf
5fq

*)=(
*#=^
&*=$
^)=#
%(=!
^!=#

*@
*%
*)
^%
^$
^^

hDdf
5fqf
5fq
hDdf
5fqf
5fq

!!&=)
!@@=^
!!!=&
&^=$
&$=#
&*=%

!!@
!!&
!)^
*!
&(
*#

!= afn lasf;
!=!

;xh} blvg] egf{b/

@= sIff !

#=k|fylds tx
#=!

;xh} blvg] egf{ b/ (GER)

#=@

v'b egf{ b/ (NER)

$= lgdflj tx
$=!

;xh} blvg] egf{ b/ (GER)

$=@

v'b egf{ b/ (NER)

%= cfwf/e"t lzIff
%=!

;xh} blvg] egf{ b/ (GER)

%=@

v'b egf{ b/ (NER)

^ dflj tx
113

qm= ;+= ;"rs

^=!

;xh} blvg] egf{ b/ (GER)

^=@

v'b egf{ b/ (NER)

5fqf5fq /
hDdf
hDdf
5fqf
5fq
hDdf
5fqf
5fq

lhNnfsf] l:ylt
%)=%
$*=@
%@=%
$#=!
$)=)
$%=(

cf=j= @)&)&!
sf] nIo
^)
%*
^@
%#
%)
%%

hDdf
5fqf
5fq
hDdf
5fqf
5fq

!^=@
!&=$
!%=!
^=*
&=&
^=)

@!
@@
@)
!!
!@
!!

hDdf
5fqf
5fq
hDdf
5fqf
5fq
hDdf
5fqf
5fq

&&=#
&&=!
&&=^
*@=)
*)=(
*#=)
*!=&
&&=&
*$=(

*)
*)
*)
*%
*#
*%
*^
*@
*&

& pRr dflj tx

&=!

;xh} blvg] egf{ b/ (GER)

&=@

v'b egf{ b/ (NER)

*= ptL0f{ b/
*=!
k|fylds tx -! b]lv %_
*=@

lgdflj tx -^ b]lv *_

*=#

dflj tx -( b]lv !)_

;|f]tM lhNnf lzIff sfof{no ;Kt/L, @)&!

o; lhNnfdf lqmofl;n SofDk;x? ;DjGwL ljj/0f tn tflnsf g+= *=#! df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.31M SofDk;x?sf] ljj/0f
qm=;=
SofDk;sf] gfd
k9fO x'g] pRrtd tx
;+sfox?
!= dx]Gb| laGb]Zj/L SofDk; /fhlj/fh
-lqljsf] cfl\us SofDk;_
@= jN8{ lehg, /fhlj/fh
#= df]8]n SofDk;, /fhlj/fh
$= Kof/f8fO{h SofDk;, /fhlj/fh
%= ljBf a'l4nfn d'gf/ SoDk;, efujtk'/
^= rGb| zq'3g SofDk;, af]w]j;f{O{
&= cGgk'0f{ ax'd';vL SofDk;, s~rgk'/
*= ;'gufef ax'd'vL SofDk;, s~rgk'/
(= SofnLa/ OG6/g]zgn sn]h,
!)= ld;g sn]h
114

;|f]tM lhlj;, ;Kt/L, @)&!

o; lhNnfdf /x]sf] k|fljlws lzIffnox? tflngsf g+= *=#@ df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.32M k|fljlws lzIffnox?
l; g+=
lzIffnosf] gfd
k9fO{ x'g] pRrtd
tflnd x'g] ljifox?
tx
!= o'lgs d]l8sn sn]h, /fhlj/fh
@= l5Ggd:t Oh's]zg Ps]8dL
#= pbok'/ 6]lSgsn OlG:6Ro'6
House wiring, swing and
$= Pa. Bi. U Ma. Vi. Rajbiraj
cutting

%= hubDaf 6]SgLsn OlG:6Ro'6

;|f]tM lhlj;, ;Kt/L, @)&!
*=!=$ j}slNks Pjd\ cgf}krfl/s lzIff
ljut # jif{sf] cgf}krfl/s lzIff ;DjGwL t'ngfTds ljj/0f tflnsf g+= *=## df pNn]v
ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.33M cgf}krfl/s lzIff ;DaGwL t'ngfTds ljj/0f
cf=j= @)^& ^*
sf]6f
k'?if Dlxnf hDdf
;+Vof
! k|f}9 lzIff ^%% #^&% !#!)) !^^&%
@ ;fIf/f]Q/
!)) @)) @))) @@))
lzIff

qm=
;+=

lsl;d

cf=j= @)^* ^(
cf=j= @)^( &)
sf]6f
sf]6f
k'?if dlxnf hDdf
k'?if dlxnf hDdf
;+Vof
;+Vof
%*) *^# !%^(@ !^%%% ^$) %*!( !!&%@ !&%&!
!)) #)) @@%) @%%)

!))

@)) @@)) @$))

;|f]tM lhNnf lzIff sfof{no ;Kt/L, @)&!

o'lg;]kmsf] ;xof]udf lszf]/L ;+rfng ul/Psf lszf]/L lzIff sfo{qmd nfu' ePsf uf=lj=;=x?
ljBfno jflx/ /x]sf !) b]lv !* jif{;Ddsf lszf]/LnfO{ gf} dlxg] cgf}krfl/s lzIff dfkm{t
ljBfnodf egf{ tyf k|hgg :jf:Yo, lzk ljsf;sf nflu ;xof]u ul/G5 . of] sfo{qmd ljz]if
u/L blnt, d'l:nd hfthfltx?nfO{ ljz]if k|fyldstf lbP/ ;+rfng ul/Psf] xf] . ljz]if u/L
slxNo} ljBfno hfb} guPsf] jf ljBfno uP/ jLr}df sIff 5f]8]sf] lszf]/Lx?nfO{ o; sfo{qmddf
;d]l6Psf] 5 . ;Kt/L lhNnfdf @)!! ;fndf $% j6f sIff , @)!@ df !)) j6f sIff / @)!#
df !)) j6f sIff u/L s"n @$% sIffx? ^$ j6f uf=lj=;=x?df u};; dfkm{t ;+rfng ul/Psf]
lyof] eg] @)!# df lhNnf lzIff dfkm{t o; lhNnfsf] $& j6f uf=lj=;=x/df cfwf/e"t ;j]{If0f
u/L #& j6f uf=lj=;=x?df !)) sIff ;+rfng ul/Psf] 5 h;df !) b]lv !* jif{;Ddsf @$$#
hgf lszf]/L k|ToIf ?kdf ;xefuL eO{ sIffx? ;+rfng eO{/x]sf] 5 . xfn;Dd **$ hgf
lszf]/Lx? ljBfnox?df sIff @ b]lv dflynf] sIff ^ ;Dd egf{ ePsf 5g . o; sfo{qmdaf6
s'n ^)^* hgf lszf]/ lszf]/Lx? nfeflGjt ePsf 5g\ .
115

;Kt/L lhNnfsf] afnd}qL ljBfno ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= *=#$ df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g++=8.34M jfnd}qL ljBfnxox?
qm=;= ljBfnxox?
hDdf
jfnd}qL
ljBfno
o
d]G;'/n
ljBfnox? ljBfnox? zfGtL If]q RofDkLog
xfO{lhg
!
k|f=lj=
$*!
$!
*(
^
)
@
lg=df=lj=
!&^
@*
!&
!)
!^
#
df=lj=
&@
!&
@^
^
^
hDdf

&@(

!@#

!%@

@@

@@

;|f]tM lhNnf lzIff sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&!

gf]6M of] RoflDkog eGgfn] To:tf ljBfyL{nfO{ a'emfpF5 hf] z}lIfs ;jfnx? / /fli6o 9fFrfsf
af/]df k|lzlIft x'G5g\ / ltgLx?nfO{ ljBfyL{x?sf] pkl:ytL cg'udg ug{ / 5fqfx?nfO{ ljBfno
5f8\gaf6 /f]Sg ;xof]u k'ofpg] p2]:on] 5gf}6 ul/Psf] x'G5 .
ljBfno zflGt If]qsf] dd{ cg';f/ /fli6o 9fFrfnfO{ cg'df]bg u/L lgoldt ?kn] ljBfno
;~rfng ug{ k|lta4tfsf ;fy !%@ j6f ljBfnox?df cfrf/ ;+lxtf nfu' ePsf 5g\ .
ljBfnox?df 5fqfx?sf] pkl:yltnfO{ sfod} /fVg ;3fp k'ofpg] p2]:on] dlxnf lzIfsx?nfO{
dlxgfjf/L :jf:Yo ;DaGwL tflnd k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 . o:tf] tflndn] lzIfsnfO{ :jf:Yo Kof8sf]
k|of]u ;DaGwL hfgsf/L cfkm\gf ljBfyL{nfO{ atfpg ;lhnf] ePsf] 5 .
*=!=% ljBfno v'n]sf] lbg
;Kt/L lhNNffdf ;a}eGbf j9L @#) lbg / ;a}eGbf sd !^) lbg ljBfno v'Ng] u/]sf] 5 .
vf;u/L ;/b/df o; lhNNfdf @!# lbg ljBfno v'Ng] u/]sf] 5 . o; ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+=
*=#% df lbO{Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.35M ljBfno v'n]sf] lbg
ljBfno ;+Vof / ltgLx?sf] ljBfno v'n]sf] lbg
;/b/
pNn]v ePsf]
:s'n
200
220
230
230
ljBfno ;+Vof ljBfno 160 180
v'n]sf] lbg
v'n]sf]
lbg
ljBfno
433
6
2
12
279
127
7
213
;+Vof
;|f]tM lhNnf lzIff sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&!, Flash Report, 2069, DEO Saptari
116

*=!=% ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldltdf k|ltlglwTj -k|ltztdf_

;Kt/L lhNnf lzIff sfof{nosf] @)^( ;fnsf] km\Nof; k|ltj]bg cg';f/ ljBfno Joj:yfkg
;ldltdf sl/j !& k|ltzt dlxnf, !^ k|ltzt blnt, @$ k|ltzt hghflt / ( k|ltzt cGo
hfthfltsf] ;xeflutf x'b} cfPsf] 5 -tflnsf g+= *=#^_ .
tflnsf g+=8.36M ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldltdf k|ltlglwTj
dlxnf
blnt
hghflt
cGo
17.38%

16.08%

24.41%

8.78%

;|f]tM lhNnf lzIff sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&!, Source: Flash Report, 2069, DEO Saptari
;Kt/L lhNnfdf cGt/ut ljBfnox?df zf}rfno / vfg]kfgLsf] ;'ljwfsf] cj:yf ;DjGwL
ljj/0fx? tflnsf g+= *=#& df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.37M zf}rfno / vfg]kfgLsf] ;'ljwfsf] cj:yf
zf}rfno
vfg]kfgL
s'n
ljBfno ePsf] gePsf]
hDdf
k|ltzt ePsf]
gePsf] hDdf k|ltzt
431

;|f]tM

42

250

292

14.4%

56

215

271

20.7%

Source: Flash Report, 2069, DEO Saptari

k|fylds txdf sIff 5f8\g], bf]xf]/fpg] / sIff kbf]GgtL b/ ;DjGwL ljj/0fx? tflnsf g+= *=#*
df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.38M k|fylds txdf sIff 5f8\g], bf]xf]/fpg] / sIff kbf]GgtL b/
b/
sIff 5f8\g]
sIff bf]xf]/\ofpg]
sIff kbf]GgtL
cf}ift
&=!
!!=*
*!=!
cf}ifteGbf pRr b/
$^
@$
$)
/x]sf uflj;x?sf]
;+Vof
cf}ifteGbf Go"g b/
^!
*#
^^
/x]sf uflj;x?
;|f]tM lhNnf lzIff sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&!
5fqfx?sf] sIff 5f8\g] pRr b/ ePsf uflj;x?sf] ljj/0f tflnsf g+= *=#( df 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.39M 5fqfx?sf] sIff 5f8\g] b/ pRr ePsf uflj;x?
qm=;= uflj;
b/
!
Og?jf
@@=%
@
dn]sk'/
@@=(
#
j|Dxk'/
@#=(
$
lj/k'/ j/xL
@$=&
%
aygfx
#@=^
;|f]tM lhNnf lzIff sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&!
117

5fqfx?sf] sIff bf]xf]/fpg] pRr b/ ePsf uflj;x?sf] ljj/0f tflnsf g+= *=$) df 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.40M 5fqfx?sf] sIff bf]xf]/\ofpg] b/ pRr ePsf uflj;x?
qm=;= uflj;
b/
!
xg'dfggu/
#@=)
@
sljnf;f
#@=!
#
kftf]
##=&
$
k|;jgL
#$=@
%
nf]xhf/f
#^=)
;|f]tM lhNnf lzIff sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&!
5fqfx?sf] plQ0f{ b/ pRr ePsf uflj;x?sf] ljj/0f tflnsf g+= *=$! df 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.41M 5fqfx?sf] plt0f{ b/ pRr ePsf uflj;x?
qm=;= uflj;
b/
!
sf]rfjvf/L
%(=$
@
ag/em'nf
%(=*
#
la/k'/ j/xL
^!=#
$
xg'dfggu/
^@=$
%
dn]sk'/
^@=%
;|f]tM lhNnf lzIff sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&!
ljleGg jif{df P;Pn;Ldf 5fqf 5fqx?sf] pQL0f{ cg'kft ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= *=$@ df
5.
tflnsf g+=8.42M P;Pn;Ldf 5fqf 5fqsf] plQ0f{ cg'kft
aif{
@)^$
@)^%
@)^^
@)^&
@)^*
;xefuL
@%&!
@()@
##(!
#)^%
#)^&
5fqf
plQ0f{
@)^
@%&#
($)
*!)
*^@
;xefuL
#%%#
$!^#
$&#&
#*($
#(@$
5fq
plQ0f{
#)@!
#*@^
!&**
!%##
!^%)
;|f]tM lhNnf lzIff sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&!
*=!=^ ljBfno k'Ug] nfUg] ;do
;Kt/L lhNNffdf cjl:yt ljBfnox?sf] ;b/d'sfdaf6 k'Ug nfUg] ;do ;DjGwsf lhNnfdf
tYof+s pknJw x'g ;s]g .
*=!=& ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldltdf afn k|ltlglwTj
;Kt/L lhNNffdf ljBfnoJoj:yfkg ;ldltdf afnaflnsfsf] k|ltlglwTj u/fpg] u/]sf] 5}g .

118

*=@ :jf:Yo
*=@=! :jf:Yo ;]jf ;'ljwf / :jf:Yo l:ylt
g]kfn ;/sf/sf] :jf:Yo gLlt @)%) ePsf]n] u'0f:t/Lo cfwf/e"t :jf:Yo ;]jfdf vf; u/L
lk5l8Psf] ju{ / ;d'bfosf] kx'Fr a9fO{ g]kfnL hgtfsf] :jf:Yodf Jofks ;'wf/ u/L :jf:Yo
hgzlQm tof/ u/L b]zsf] ;du| cfly{s ljsf;df of]ubfg ug]{ egL pNn]v ePsf] 5 . g]kfn
;/sf/n] lgMz'Ns :jf:Yo ;]jf dfkm{t cfd hgtfdf lgMz'Ns cf}ifwf]krf/ ;]jf k'ofpb} cfPsf] 5
. g]kfn ;/sf/sf] :jf:Yo tyf hg;+Vof dGqfnoaf6 k|bt sfo{qmdx? o; lhNnf hg:jf:Yo
sfof{no dfkm{t k|jw{gfTds (Promotive) k|ltsf/fTds (Preventive)pkrf/fTds (Curative)/
k'gJo{j:yfklso (Rehabilitative);]jfx? lgMz'Ns ?kdf ;+rfng x'Fb} cfO/x]sf] 5 .
;a} hg:jf:Yo ;]jfx? ;/sf/sf] k|fyldstf Psdf /x]sf ;]jfx? x'g h:t} M afn :jf:Yo
cGtu{t /fli6o vf]k sfo{qmd -)! aif{sf] aRrf_ kf]lnof] dfOnLl6; /f]u pGd"ngsf nflu ljz]if
vf]k cleofg -)% aif{sf] aRrf_, kf]if0f sfo{qmd cGtu{t % aif{;Ddsf] aRrfsf] a[l4 cg'udg
(Growth monitoring)kl/jf/ lgof]hg sfo{qmd cGtu{t kl/jf/ lgof]hg c:yfO{ ;fwgx?df
lgMz'Ns ljt/0f tyf :yfoL aGWofs/0f (FP sterilization);'/lIft dft[Tj sfo{qmd cGtu{t
;+rflnt cfdf ;'/Iff sfo{qmd h;df k|To]s ;'Ts]/L h;n] k|;'lt ;]jf s]Gb| (Birthing Centers)df
cfO{ ;'/lIft k|;"lt ;]jf k|fKt u/]df oftfoft vr{ afkt k|lt ;]jf u|fxLnfO{ ?= %)) rf/
k6s ue{ hfFr u/fPdf ?= $)) / k|;"lt ;]jf s]Gb|n] k|lt gd{n 8]lne/L u/fP afkt :yfgLo
:jf:Yo ;+:yf tyf Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf] vftfdf hfg] u/L ?= !))) k|lt ;]jfu|fxL pknAw
u/fpb} cfPsf] 5 . jlx/+u ;]jf ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= *=$# df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=+ 8.43Malx/+u ;]jf ;DjGwL ljj/0f
;"rsx? Indicators
s'n hg;+Vofsf] t'ngfdf hDdf gofF alx/+uL ;]jf lng]sf] k|ltzt
s'n jlx/+uL ;]jf lng]sf] t'ngfdf hDdf gofF jlx/+uL ;]jf lng]
dlxnfsf] ;+Vof
s'n gofF jlx/+uL ;]jf lng]x? dWo] ;?jf /f]usf] k|ltzt

2067/68

2068/69

2069/70

77

73

84

42

54

55

19.2

23

22

2067/68
7.1

2068/69
4.2

2069/70
6.4

2.7

2.3

1.05

0.6

0.5

0.6

;|f]tM lhNnf hg:jf:Yo sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&!

lhNnfdf pknJw lgz'Ns ;]jf ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= *=$$ df 5 .

tflnsf g+=8.44MlgMz'Ns :jf:Yo ;]jf
Indicators
1. Targeted new OPD visits as % of total population
2. % of Emergency services provided to targeted groups
among total emergency services
3. % referred cases among total OPD visits
;|f]tM lhNnf hg:jf:Yo sfo{fno sfof{no, ;Kt/L, 2071

119

ljut tLg aif{df :jf:Yo ;+:yfx?af6 k|lt dlxngf nfefl~jt x'g] hg;+Vof ;DjGwL ljj/0f
tflnsf g+= *=$% df 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.45M:jf:Yo ;+:yfx?af6 k|ltdlxgf nfeflGjt x'g] hg;Vof
:jf:Yo ;+:yfsf] lsl;d
@)^&^*
@)^*^(
@)^(&)
!= c:ktfn -;/sf/L _
%%(#
^^!)
^!%)
1. PHCC
!)$#
!@^)
!#*)
! :jf:Yo rf}sL
!))%
!)@)
(^)
#%)
$%)
$*)
2. pk:jf:Yo rf}sL
3. EPI Clinic
@#
@#
@!
4. PHC/ORC Clinic
@!
@@
@#
5. CHV
!@
##
##
;|f]tM lhNnf hg:jf:Yo sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&!
*=@=@ :jf:Yo ;+:yfx?sf] cj:yf
;Kt/L lhNnfsf :jf:Yosf If]qsf lqmofl;n ;+3 ;+:yfx?sf] ljj/0f tflnsf g+= *=$^ df pNn]v
ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.46M lhNnfdf cjl:ylt :jf:Yo ;]jf ;DjGwL ljj/0f
ljj/0f
c+rn c:ktfn
lhNnf hg :jf:Yo sfof{no
k|fylds :jf:Yo s]Gb|
:jf:Yo rf}ls
pk :jf:Yo rf}ls
ufFp 3/ lSnlgs -dfl;s_
vf]k lSnlgs -dfl;s_
dlxnf :jf:Yo :jo+;]ljsf
dlxnf :jf:Yo :jo+;]ljsf -/f=lj=g=kf=_
86\; pkrf/ s]Gb|
86\; ;a ;]G6/
lhNnf cfo'{j]b sfof{no
cfo'{j]lbs cf}ifwfno
cf+vf c:ktfn lghL
lstL{ x]Ny s]o/ P08 h'g cjf/g]; ;]G6/
g]kfn k|fljlws ;xof]u ;d'x
g]kfn kl/jf/ lgof]hg ;+3
dft[ tyf lz;' :ofxf/ s]Gb| /f=lj=g=kf
;+:yfut lSnlgs, c:ktfn
g]kfn /]8qm; -/St ;+rf/ ;d'x _
lghL c:ktfn, gl;{8= xf]d

;+Vof
!
!
$
#)
*@
$)&
$%(
!)@^
$*
!#
!)#
!
@
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
%
120

ljj/0f
kf]if0f k'g:yf{kgf s]Gb|

;+Vof
!
@!
#)
)
!

k|;'tL s]Gb|sf] ;+Vof (Birthing Centre_

k|;'tL lzk ;DjGwL tflnd k|fKt :jf:Yo sdL{
lszf]/, lszf]/L / k|hgg :jf:Yo ;]jf s]Gb
ARV ;]jf

;|f]tM lhNnf hg:jf:Yo sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&!

;Kt/L lhNnfdf pknJw PDa'n]G; ;]jf ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= *=$& df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.47M PDa'n]G; ;'ljwf ;DaGwL ljj/0f
qm=;=
1

PDa'n]G; /x]sf] :yfg

;+Vof

;+rfng ug]{ ;+:yfsf] gfd

/fhla/fh

Un]fan ;xsf/L

/fhla/fh

:jf{]bo cf}ifwL ;xsf/L

/fhla/fh

h] lk nf]lxof d]dfl/on ^\i^

/fhla/fh

g]=/]* s|; ;f];fO{^L

/fhla/fh

antsjf ax"d"lv ;xsf/L

/fhla/fh

;an g]kfn

/fhla/fh

o"lgs :jf:Yo ;dfh

;]jf k'ofpg] If]q

uflj;

gu/ If]q tyf

jl/k/sf] uf=la=;=

?kgL

;fd"bfoLs :jf=x]/rfx
;xof]u s]Gb| ?kgL

;f/Zj/ - 4

;nlkmof h]nkm]o/

s+rgk"/

kf|=:jf=s]Gb|

O{nfsf cGtu{t

sNofgk'/

kf|=:jf=s]Gb|

O{nfsf cGtu{t

s*/af]gf

kf|=:jf=s]Gb|

hDdf

12

O{nfsf cGtu{t

;|f]tM lhNnf hg:jf:Yo sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&!

*=@=# dfgj ;+zfwgsf] cj:yf
lhNnf hg:jf:Yo sfof{no cGt/utsf sd{rf/Lx? ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= *=$* df pNn]v
ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.48M lhNnf hg:jf:Yo cGt/ut sd{rf/L ;DjGwL ljj/0f
qm=;+=
1
2
3

kbgfd
al/i7 hg :jf:Yo
k|zf;s
gfoa ;'Aaf
n]vfkfnn]vf clws[t

b/aGbL
kbk"lt{ ;+Vof l/Qm kb
;+Vof

k"lt{ dWo]
sfo{/t

kmflhn

1
1

1
1

0
0

1
1

0
0

121

s}lkmot

qm=;+=

kbgfd

tYof+s ;xfos -clws[t_

tflnd
;xfos:jf=lz=6]=
k=x]=g=l;=c=g=dL= 5}7f]_
k=lg= ;xfos -5}7f]_

5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14=
15
16=
17=
18
19=
20=

x]=c=l;=c=x]=a= -5}7f]_
vf]k ;'k/efO{h/ clws[t
Nofa 6]lSgl;og
Ifos'i7 ;xfos clws[t
6fOlki6
e]=s=;'=
;x n]vfkfn
sf]=r]=c=
Nof=c=
d]=O{=
vl/bf/
xNsf ;jf/L rfns
sf=;=rf}sLbf/
hDdf

b/aGbL
kbk"lt{ ;+Vof l/Qm kb
;+Vof

k"lt{ dWo]
sfo{/t

kmflhn

1
1
1
2
1
1
2
3
2
1
1
4
29

1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
4
25

0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
4

1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
4
29

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

s}lkmot

;ftf}+ $
hgf
kmflhn

;|f]tM lhNnf hg:jf:Yo sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&!

lgDgfg';f/sf rf/j6f k|fylds :jf:Yo s]Gb|df sfo{/t sd{rf/Lx? ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+=
*=$( df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.49M rf/j6f k|fylds :jfYo s]Gb|df sd{rf/Lsf] cj:yf
qm=;+=
1

kbgfd
d]=c=

b/aGbL
;+Vof

kbk"lt{
;+Vof

l/Qm kb

k"lt{ dWo]
sfo{/t

x]=c=l;=c=x]=a=

3
4
5
6
7
8

:6fkm g;{
;x n]vfkfn
l;=c=x]=a=c=x]=a=
c=g=dL=
Nof=c=
c=x]=a= -kbgfd_

4
0
9
12
4
3

2
0
9
12
4
3

2
0
0
0
0
0

2
0
9
12
4
3

122

kmflhn

s}lkmot
;ftf} @
hgf
kmflhn

lkogrf}sLbf/
hDdf

8
48

7
42

1
6

7
44

;|f]tM lhNnf hg:jf:Yo sfof{no, ;Kt/L, 2071

lgDgfg';f/sf tL;j6f :jf:Yo rf}sLdf sfo{/t sd{rf/Lx? ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= *=%) df
pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.50M tL;j6f :jf:Yo rf}sLdf sd{rf/Lsf] cj:yf
qm=;+=

kbgfd

c]=x=l;=c=x]=a=

2
3
4
5
6
7

c=g=dL=
l;=c=x]=a= -kbgfd_ c=x]=a=
vl/bf/
c=x]=a= -kbgfd_
c=g=dL= -kbgfd_
sf=;=rf}sLbf/
hDdf

b/aGbL
;+Vof

kbk"lt{
;+Vof

l/Qm kb

k"lt{ dWo]
sfo{/t

30

11

19

12

49
60
7
30
2
9
187

34
58
7
18
2
9
139

15
2
0
12
0
0
48

34
58
7
18
2
13
144

kmflhn

s}lkmot
;ftf}+ !
hgf
kmflhn

kmflhn

;|f]tM lhNnf hg:jf:Yo sfof{no, ;Kt/L, 2071

lgDgfg';f/sf jof;Lj6f pk :jf:Yo rf}sLdf sfo{/t sd{rf/Lx? ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+=
*=%! df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.51M aof;Lj6f pk :jf:Yo rf}sLdf sd{rf/Lsf] cj:yf
qm=;+=

kbgfd

b/aGbL
;+Vof

kbk"lt{
;+Vof

l/Qm kb

k"lt{ dWo]
sfo{/t

1
2
3
4

l;=c]=x]=a= -kbgfd_ c=x]=a=

c=x]=a= -kbgfd_
c=g=dL= -kbgfd_
lkogrf}sLbf/
hDdf
s'n hDdf

82
82
82
0
246
510

82
69
77
0
228
434

0
13
5
0
18
76

83
69
77
67
296
513

;|f]tM lhNnf hg:jf:Yo sfof{no, ;Kt/L, 2071

123

kmflhn

s}lkmot

kmflhn

67

kmflhn

*=@=$ vf]ksf] cj:yf

ljut tLg jif{sf] /fli6o vf]k sfo{qmd;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= *=%@ df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.52M /fli6o vf]k sfo{qmd
2067/68
2068/69
2069/70
;"rsx?
1. BCG Coverage
2. DPT-Hep b-Hib 3 coverage
3. Measles coverage
4. % of TT2 & TT2+ (Pregnant women) coverage
5. Dropout rate DPT-1 Vs DPT-3
6. Dropout rate BCG Vs Measles
7. % of unimmunized children (Measles)
8. No of VDC with <90% DPT 3 Coverage
9. No of AFP cases
10. No of Measles cases
11. No of Neonatal tetanus cases

107
100
93
96
1.3
13
7
24
7
12
0

102
97
91
88
1.2
11
9
42
5
7
0

101
99
97
94
2.2
4.5
3
15
6
10
0

;|f]tM lhNnf hg:jf:Yo sfof{no, ;Kt/L, 2071

ljut tLg jif{sf] l;aL cfO{Pd;LcfO{ sfo{qmd ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= *=%# df pNn]v
ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.53M l;aL cfO{Pd;LcfO{ sfo{qmd
2067/68
2068/69
2069/70
;"rsx?
1. ARI Incidence <5 years/1000
2. % of pneumonia among new ARI cases
3. % of severe pneumonia or very severe disease
among total cases
4. Proportion of ARI cases treated by FCHV
5. Proportion of ARI cases treated by VHW/MCHW
6. Proportion of ARI cases treated by HF
7. Case fatality rate (pneumonia)
8. CDD incidence<5 years/1000
9. % of severe dehydration among total cases
10. Proportion of CDD cases treated by FCHV
11. Proportion of CDD cases treated by VHW/MCHW
12. Proportion of CDD cases treated by HF
13. Proportion of <2 months case treated in HFs
14. Case fatality rate (diarrhea)
1. N0. of newborn register by FCHV
2. % of LBW identified by FCHVs among registered
3. % of Birth asphyxia initiated stimulate by FCHV
124

575
19.2
1.1

865
18.7
1.3

974
17.26
1.9

52
13
35
0.03
866
0.6
51
17
32

58
17
25
0
609
0.5
50
19
31

0.14
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

52
16
32
0.02
651
0.09
52
18
30
0.2
0
6629
0.6
1.8

;"rsx?
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

2067/68

2068/69

2069/70

0.9

0.33

8.3

0
0
0

0
0
0

5
68
26

at home among total cases

% of Birth asphyxia treated usingDelee suction by
FCHV at home among total cases
% of Birth asphyxia treated with Bag and mask
by FCHV at home
% of newborn applied chlorhexidine at home
immediately after cord cutting (Home)
% of PSBI cases of 0-28 days
% of 0-28 days newborn received cotrim P
# of 0-28 days newborn who received full dose of
Gentamycin

;|f]tM lhNnf hg:jf:Yo sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&!

*=@=% sf]/f hGd tyf d[To'b/
*=@=^ dft[ :jf:Yo
ljut tLg jif{sf] ;'/lIft dft[Tj sfo{qmd ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= *=%$ df pNn]v ul/Psf]
5.
tflnsf g+=8.54M;'/lIft dft[Tj sfo{qmd
2067/68
2068/69 2069/70
;"rsx?
1.
2.
3.
4.

No of functional BEOC sites

No of functional CEOC sites
No of Safe abortion sites
Ratio of BEOC/CEOC sites to Population
(Population/No. of sites) (BEOC), (CEOC)
5. No of birthing centers and Ratio to EP (No. EP/No. BC)
(BC), (Ratio)
6. ANC 1st visit as % of expected pregnancy
7. 4 ANC visits as % of 1st ANC visit
8. Delivery conducted by SBA as % of expected live births
9. Delivery conducted by health worker as % of Exp. live
birth
10. % of institutional delivery among expected live births
11. PNC 1st visit as % of expected live birth
12. No of CAC & Medical Abortion (MA)
13. No of PAC
14. % of women receiving maternity incentives among total
institutional deliveries
15. % of women receiving 4 ANC incentives among total
institutional deliveries
125

3
1
0
171199

3
1
0
174500

3
1
13
164743

912

887

797

102
69
48
11

97
69
49
10

100
68
52
5

45
55
703
141
100

47
61
385
256
100

51
58
158
244
100

100

100

100

;"rsx?

2067/68

2068/69

2069/70

16. Met need of emergency obstetric care (need of EOC is

15% of expected live birth)
17. Caesarian Section (CS) rate ( 5% of total expected birth
is the usual CS rate)
18. Number of Maternal Death, Ratio to Total delivery

34

22

36

64

53

47

19. Number of Neonatal Death, Ratio to Total delivery

20. Still Birth

23
120

7
(0.0007)
20(0.002)
141

4
148

;|f]tM lhNnf hg:jf:Yo sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&!

*=@=& dlxnf :jf:Yo
ljut tLg jif{sf] ;fd'bflos dlxnf :jf:Yo :jod ;]ljsf sfo{qmd ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+=
*=%% df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.55M;fd'bflos dlxnf :jf:Yo :jod ;]ljsf sfo{qmd
2067/68
2068/69 2069/70
;"rsx?
1. Proportion of Pills cycles distribution by FCHVs among
total distribution
2. Proportion of Condoms distribution by FCHVs among
total distribution
3. Proportion of ORS distribution by FCHVs among total
distribution
4. Number of maternal death reported by FCHV
5. Number of newborn death reported by FCHV
6. % of Mother's Group Meeting Conduction
7. Total Loan Mobilized from FCHV Fund

16

34

33

40

46

42

38

45

35

0
0
89
4,65,0000

0
0
89
55,30,000

0
0
87
2043898

;|f]tM lhNnf hg:jf:Yo sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&!

ljut tLg jif{sf] ufFp 3/ 3'lDt :jf:Yo l;lj/ sfo{qmd ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= *=%^ df
pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.56M ufFp 3/ 3'lDt :jf:Yo l;lj/ sfo{qmd
2067/68 2068/69 2069/70
;"rsx?
Number and % of PHC/ORC conducted wrt targeted
Average number of peoples served per PHC/ORC
Number of People Treated by First Aid
% ANC service to total ANC (No. of people receiving ANC
through ORC / No. of people receiving ANC 1st in the
district)*100
% of growth monitoring through ORC to total growth
monitoring
126

96
21
14576

91
22
18397

93
21
20716

15

19

21

35

37

40

;|f]tM lhNnf hg:jf:Yo sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&!

*=@=* kf]if0f
ljut tLg jif{sf] kf]if0f sfo{qmd ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= *=%& df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.57M kf]if0f sfo{qmd ;DjGwL ljj/0f
2067/68 2068/69 2069/70
;"rsx?
1. New growth monitoring 1 yr
2. New growth monitoring 5 yr
3. Proportion of malnourished children as % of new growth
monitoring (<5years)
4. % of expected pregnant mothers supplemented with Iron
tablets
5. % of pregnants supplemented by Antihelmentic tablet
6. % of pregnant mothers who received 180 iron tablets
7. % of Postpartum mothers receiving Vitamin A
8. Vitamin "A" Distribution Coverage (number and %) 1st
(Kartik) round (6 month to <5 years children)
9. Vitamin "A" distribution coverage (number and %) 2nd
(Baishakha) round (6 month to <5 years children)
10. Antihelmentic tablet distribution coverage (number and
%) 1st (Kartik) round (1- <5 years children)
11. Antihelmentic tablet distribution coverage (number and
%) 2nd (Baishakha) round (6 month to <5 years children)

96
6
2

97
36
2.4

99
46
4.55

97

96

99.8

99
58
64

94
61
56

98.8
88
62

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

99
(1 to 2yr)

100

100

;|f]tM lhNnf hg:jf:Yo sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&!

*=@=( k|d'v /f]ux? / ltgsf] /f]syfd
ljut tLg jif{sf] Ifo/f]u lgoGq0f sfo{qmd ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= *=%* df pNn]v ul/Psf]
5.
tflnsf g+=8.58M Ifo/f]u lgoGq0f sfo{qmd
2067/68 2068/69 2069/70
;"rsx?
41
97
7

1. Case Finding Rate

2. Treatment Success Rate
3. No of MDR Cases

;|f]tM lhNnf hg:jf:Yo sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&!

127

43
90
0

37
99
5

ljut tLg jif{sf] s''i7/f]u lgoGq0f sfo{qmd;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= *=%( df pNn]v ul/Psf]
5.
tflnsf g+=8.59M s''i7/f]u lgoGq0f sfo{qmd
2067/68
2068/69 2069/70
;"rsx?
1.1
0.7
5.1

1. New case Detection Rate

2. Registered Prevalence Rate
3. Disability Grade 2 %

0.7
1.1
0

1.41
0.88
6.45

;|f]tM lhNnf hg:jf:Yo sfo{fno sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&!

ljut tLg jif{sf] cf}nf] lgoGq0f sfo{qmd ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= *=^) df pNn]v ul/Psf]
5.
tflnsf g+=8.60M cf}nf] lgoGq0f sfo{qmd
2067/68
2068/69 2069/70
;"rsx?
1. No of confirmed malaria cases among total malaria
cases
2. Annual Blood Examination Rate (ABER)
3. % of PF among total positive cases
4. Clinical malaria incidence/1,000 risk population
5. Reported death due to malaria
6. Target versusachievement of blood slide collection

0.41
13
0.53
0
40%

0.12
0
2.31
0
54%

0.2
0
2.2
0
33%

;|f]tM lhNnf hg:jf:Yo sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&!

ljut tLg jif{sf] sfnfhf/ lgoGq0f sfo{qmd;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= *=^! df pNn]v ul/Psf]
5.
tflnsf g+= 8.61M sfnfhf/ lgoGq0f sfo{qmd
2067/68
2068/69 2069/70
;"rsx?
1. Incidence of kala-azar/100,00 population
2. Reported number Kala-azar cases
3. Reported number of death due to Kala-azar

1. Incidence of JE/100,00 population

2. Reported number of death due to JE

0.002

0.29

0
0
0

0
0
0

0.12
8
0
0
0

;|f]tM lhNnf hg:jf:Yo sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&!

ljut tLg jif{sf] dxfdf/L tyf ljkb Joj:yf sfo{qmd;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= *=^@ df
pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.62M dxfdf/L tyf ljkb Joj:yf sfo{qmd
2067/68 2068/69 2069/70
;"rsx?
1. Number of outbreaks reported
2. Number of outbreaks investigated and managed by
128

10
10

15
15

5
5

3.
4.
5.
6.

RRT within two weeks of onset

Number of disasters reported
Proportions of disasters responded by RRT
Outbreak/disaster categories, number of affected and
death
Budget allocated for outbreak and disaster
management

7
100
0

9
100
0

6
100
0

75000

100000

50000

;|f]tM lhNnf hg:jf:Yo sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&!

ljut tLg jif{sf] emfF8f kvfnf / efO/n OGkm\No"PGhf ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= *=^# df
pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.63M emfF8f kvfnf / efO/n OGkm\No"PGhf ;DjGwL ljj/0f
/f]usf]
lsl;d

emf8fkvfnf
OGkm\No"PGhf

2067/68

36gfsf]
;+Vof
5
5

/f]uaf6
k|efljt
lj/fdL
;+Vof

2068/69

d[To'

0
0

0
0

36gfsf]
;+Vof
8
7

/f]uaf6
k|efljt
lj/fdL
;+Vof

2069/70

d[To'

0
0

0
0

36gfsf]
;+Vof
5
0

/f]uaf6
k|efljt
lj/fdL
;+Vof

d[To'

0
0

0
0

;|f]tM lhNnf hg:jf:Yo sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&!

ljut tLg jif{sf] xfQL kfO{n] pGd"ng cleofg ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= *=^$ df pNn]v
ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.64M xfQL kfO{n] pGd"ng cleofg
1. Target versus achievement of Mass Drug Administration (MDA)

88

;|f]tM lhNnf hg:jf:Yo sfo{fno sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&!

ljut tLg jif{sf] ;k{ 6f]sfO{ -;k{ bD;_ ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= *=^%df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.65M ;k{ 6f]sfO{ -;k{ bD;_
;k{n] 6f]s]sf] +;+Vof Total Number of snake bite
ljiffn' ;k{n] 6f]s]/ pkrf/ lnPsf AolQmx?sf] +;+Vof

number of persons treated for

151
10

poisonous snakebite
Anti snakevenom serum expenditure

;k{sf] 6f]sfO{af6 ePsf] d[To'sf] ;+VofNumber of deathsdue to snake bite

;|f]tM lhNnf hg:jf:Yo sfo{fno sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&!

129

ljut tLg jif{sf] k|dv

' !) /f]ux?sf] cj:yf ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= *=^^ df pNn]v
ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.66M k|dv
' !) /f]ux?sf] cj:yf
cf]lk8Ldf cfpg] s"n
jif{
k|d'v /f]u
/f]uLsf] ;+Vof k|ltzt
lj/fdL ;+Vof
2067.068

2068.069

2069.70

Intestinal Worms
Headache
Presumed noninfectious
diarrhoea (Persistant)
ARI/Lower respiratory tract
infection
Impetigo/boils/furunculosis
Not mentioned above and
other diseases
Pyrexia of Unknown Origin
(PUO)
Scabies
Ameobic Dysentry
/Amoebiasis
Acute/Chronic Suppurative
Otitis Media (ASOM)
Intestinal Worms
Presumed non infectious
Diarrhoea (Persistant)
Impetigo/boils/furunculosis
Pyrexia of Unknown Origin
(PUO)
ARI/Lower respiratory tract
infection
Gastritis
Scabies
Headache
Upper respectory Tract
Infection
Ameobic Dysentry
/Amoebiasis
ARI
Intestinal Worms
Presumed non infectious
diarrhoea
Pyrexia of Unknown Origin
(PUO)

65105
60930
60314

10.5
9.9
9.8

32003

5.2

31388
25849

5.1
4.2

23387

3.8

23385
23385

3.8
3.8

23384

3.8

35726
33604

6.9
6.5

30825
30317

5.9
5.8

27031

5.2

21737
21061
19903
18836

4.2
4.08
3.8
3.6

18525

3.5

75406
37617
34352

13.7
6.83
6.24

34174

6.2

130

615451

515399

550307

jif{

k|d'v /f]u

/f]uLsf] ;+Vof k|ltzt

Impetigo/boils/furunculosis
Gastritis
Headache
Scabies
Ameobic Dysentry
/Amoebiasis
ASOM

31011
24906
22653
22651
18080

5.3
4.5
4.12
4.11
3.46

18333

3.33

cf]lk8Ldf cfpg] s"n

lj/fdL ;+Vof

;|f]tM lhNnf hg:jf:Yo sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&!

*=@=!! PrcfOeLP8\; sf] l:ylt
ljut tLg jif{df PrcfOeLP8\;sf] l:ylt ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= *=^& df pNn]v ul/Psf]
5.
tflnsf g+=8.67M PrcfOeLP8\; sf] l:ylt
2067/68 2068/69
2069/70
;"rsx?
1. Number of people counseling
2. Number of HIV+ve cases
3. Number of persons receiving ART(anti-retro viral
therapy)
4. Number of ART sites
5. Number of Counseling centres
6. Number of Death

6021
63

7585
80

6170
117

22

35

56

1
1
5

1
1
7

1
1
11

;|f]tM lhNnf hg:jf:Yo sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&!

*=@=!@ kl/jf/ lgof]hgf sfo{qmd
ljut tLg jif{df kl/jf/ lgof]hg ;DjGwL sfo{qmdx? ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= !&% df
pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.68M kl/jf/ lgof]hg ;DjGwL sfo{qmdx?
2067/68 2068/69 2069/7
;"rsx?
1. No of IUCD service sites (functional) and ratio to MWRA
2. No of implant service sites (functional) and ratio to MWRA
3. No of functional satellite clinics for long acting spacing
methods (if conducted)
4. Contraceptive Prevalence Rate (CPR) (FP current user as %
of MWRA)
5. % of FP new acceptor method mix
131

6
3
0

6
3
3

0
13
5
3

55

56

60

10

92
2788
7.8
1.88
3.86
0.12
0.1
2.0
0.03
99.97

6. FP current users target versus achievement

7. No.ofSterlization(VSC) New Acceptors
8. FP (spacing) new acceptor as % of MWRA
Pills
Deepo
IUCD
Implant
Sterlization
Ratio VSCNew Male
,,
,,Female

9.

93
2808
7.1
1.79
3.20
0.09
0.03
2.03
0.03
99.97

95
2472
9
2.38
4.23
0.12
0.26
2.01
0.12
99.88

;|f]tM lhNnf hg:jf:Yo sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&!

ljut tLg jif{df kl/jf/ lgof]hgsf :yfgLo ;fwfg k|of]u ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= !&^ df
pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.69Mkl/jf/ lgof]hgsf :yfgLo ;fwfg k|of]u ;DjGwL ljj/0f
qm=;+= ;fwgsf] gfd
@)^&^*
@)^*^(
@)^(&)
cf};t
! ldgLNofk
2782
2805
2468
2685
@ Nofk|f]:sf]kL
0
0
0
0
# Eof;]S6f]dL
6
3
4
4
$ cGo
0
0
0
0
hDdf

2788

2808

2472

2689

;|f]tM lhNnf hg:jf:Yo sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&!

ljut tLg jif{df kl/jf/ lgof]hgsf c:yfoL ;fwg k|of]u ;DaGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= !&& df
pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.70Mkl/jf/ lgof]hgsf c:yfoL ;fwg k|of]u ;DaGwL ljj/0f
qm=;+=
!
@
#
$
%

;fwgsf] gfd
s08d
vfg]rSsL
l8kf]
cfOo'8L
g/Knf06

@)^&^*
#*)(
$(($
!!&(%
*^^
)

@)^*^(
#^()
%$)$
!@&$*
&$%
)

@)^(&)
$%#^
^#@)
!@()!
&!$
###

cf};t

hDdf

;|f]tM lhNnf hg:jf:Yo sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&!

ljleGg /f]usf lsl;dsf cfwf/df clt ljkGg ju{sf AolQm?nfO{ lhNnf4f/f ul/Psf] l;kmfl/;sf
cfwfdf ;]jf k|fKt ug]{x?sf] ljj/0f tflnsf g+= !&* df b]vfO{Psf] 5 .

132

tflnsf g+=8.71MljleGg /f]u / ;]jf k|fKt ug]{x?sf] ljj/0f

/f]ux?
dlxnf
k'?if
10
26
d'6'
4
16
ls8\gL
16
32
SofG;/
Alzheimer/parkinsonism

0
30

3
77

hDdf
;|f]tM lhNnf hg:jf:Yo sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&!

hDdf
36

20
48
3
107

ljut tLg jif{df ;+:yfut txdf :yfgLo ax'ljifos ;"rgf k|0ffnL ;DaGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+=
!&( df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=+ 8.72M ;+:yfut txdf :yfgLo ax'ljifos ;"rgf k|0ffnL
2067/68
2068/69
2069/70
:jf:Yo ;'ljwfsf lsl;dx?
88
91

PHCC

:jf:Yo s]Gb|
88
pk:jf:Yo s]Gb|
;|f]tM lhNnf hg:jf:Yo sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&!

100
99

100
100

94

100

cf=a= @)^(@)&) df c:ktfndf egf{ ePsf lj/fdLx?dWo]sf] ?U0ftf / d[To'sf sf/s d'Vo
kFfrj6 /f]ux?sf] ljj/0f tn tflnsf g+= *=&# df b]vfO{sf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.73M ?U0ftf / d[To'sf sf/s kfFr /f]ux?
?U0ftf(Morbidity)

qm=;+=
1

Pneumonia

RTI

Fever

UTI

Enteric Fever

lj/fdL
;+Vof

k|lt
zt

qm=;+=

1
2
3
4
5

;|f]tM lhNnf hg:jf:Yo sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&!

133

d[To'(Mortality)
Pneumonia
CHF
Hypertension
Pul TB
COPD

lj/fdL
;+Vof

k|ltzt

ljut tLg jif{df le6fldg P / h'sfsf] cf}iflw kfpg] afnaflnsfxsf] l:ylt;DaGwL ljj/0f
tflnsf g+= *=&$ df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+= 8.74M le6fldg P / h'sfsf] cf}iflw kfpg] afnaflnsfxsf] l:ylt
cf=j=
qm=;+=
ljj/0f
OsfO
@)^*.)^(
@)^(.&)
1
le6fldg P vfPsf
;+Vof
98464
93516
afnaflnsfx?
k|ltzt
96
98
2
h'sfsf] cf}iflw v'jfOPsf
;+Vof
83416
82216
afnaflnsfx?
k|ltzt
100
100
;|f]tM lhNnf hg:jf:Yo sfo{fno sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&!
*=@=!#afnd}qL :yfgLo zf;g ;DjGw ;"rsx?sf] cj:yf ljZn]if0f
lhNnfdf afnaflnsf ;DjGwL ljleGg ;"rsx?sf] cj:yf ;DjGwL ljj/0fx? tflnsf g+= *=&% df
pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.75M afnaflnsf ;DjGwL ;"rsx?
;"rsx? -cf=j= @)&)&!_
OsfO{
kl/df0fl:ylt
NA
1. ^ dlxgf;Ddsf] lzz'nfO{ cfdfn]] clgjfo{?kdf k"0f{ :tgkfg k|ltzt
-cfdfsf] b"w dfq} v'jfpg]_ u/fpg]
2. Ps jif{leqsf afnaflnsfnfO{ k"0f{ ?kdf vf]k -l8lk6L,
k|ltzt
97
x]k6fOl6; la, lxa # dfqf_ k|fKt u/]sf]
3. ^ dlxgfb]lv kfFr jif{d'lgsf ;a} afnaflnsfnfO{ jif{sf] @
k|ltzt
100
k6s le6fldg P SofK;'n / @ b]lv % jif{ ;Ddsf
afnaflnsfnfO{ h'sfsf] cf}ifwL v'jfPsf] .
4. ue{jtL cfdfsf] bIf :jf:YosdL{af6 ;'Ts]/L u/fPsf] .
k|ltzt
52
5. slDtdf k|;"lt k"j{ rf/k6s :jf:Yo hfFr u/fpg] ue{jtL
k|ltzt
68
dlxnfx?
6. k|;"lt kZrft cfdf / gjhft lzz'sf] slDtdf # k6s
k|ltzt
58
:jf:Yo hfFr u/fpg] dlxnfx?.
7. l66fg; lj?4sf] @ j6f vf]k nufpg] ue{jtL dlxnf.
k|ltzt
94
8. ue{jtL tyf ;'Ts]/L cfdfx?n] cfO{/g rSsL -hDdf @@%
k|ltzt
99=8
j6f_ vfg]
9. Pr\ cfO{ eL ;+qmldt cfdfaf6 hlGdPsf ;a}
;+Vof
2
afnaflnsfx?nfO{ ARV Prophylaxislbg]] .
10. P=cf/=eL= pkrf/ lng] ;+qmldtx?sf]
;+Vof
56
;|f]tM lhNnf hg:jf:Yo sfo{fno sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&!

134

*=# v]ns'b tyf dgf]/~hg

o; lhNnfsf] ;du| v]ns'bsf] ljsf; ug{ lhNnf v]ns'b ljsf; ;ldlt lqmoflzn /x]sf] 5 .
o;n] vf; u/L lhNnf :t/Lo /fi6klt /lg lzN8 k|ltof]lutf / If]qLo k|ltof]lutfdf ;xefuL
x'gsf] nflu 6'gf{d]06x?sf] cfof]hgf ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . o;sf] ;fy} o;n] lhNnf / If]q :t/Lo
v]ns'b ;+3x/ / :yfgLo Snjx?sf] ;xsfo{df ljleGg v]ns'b k|ltof]lutfx?sf] klg cfof]hgf
ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . ef}lts ;+/rgf tkm{ x]bf{ xfn o; lhNnfdf v]ns'bsf nflu @ ljufxf & s6\7fdf
km}lnPsf] Pp6f v]nd}bfg /x]sf] 5 . t/ o;df ePsf] Kof/flkm6 eg] cToGt lh0f{ cj:yfdf k'lu
pkof]ulxg aGg k'u]sf] 5 . lhNnf v]ns'b ljsf; ;ldltsf] :jfldTjdf % s6\7f ;q w'/
If]qkmndf /x]sf] Pp6f se8{xn klg /x]sf] 5 . v]ns'b ljsf; ;ldlt cGtu{t /xg] u/L Pp6f
o'jf ;"rgf s]Gb|sf] :yfkgf ePsf] 5 . o;n] o'jf k|jw{gsf] nflu ;/sf/ / :yfgLo u};;sf]
;+o'Qm cfof]hgfdf sfo{qmdx? ;+rfng ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . v]ns'bsf cltl/Qm dgf]/~hgsf nfluoxfF
! j6f kfs{ / # j6f l;g]df xn /x]sf 5g\ . oxfF j8f g+= $ df @ j6f l;g]df xnx? /x]sf 5g\
eg] j8f g+= % df ! l;g]df xn /x]sf] 5 .
o; lhNNffdf /x]sf] v]ns'b ;DaGwL d"Vo ;jfnx?df v]ns'bdf /fhgLlts/0f, lh0f{ cj:yfsf]
/+uzfnf, cfw'lgs se8{xnsf] cefj, jiff{tsf] ;dodf v]ns'b d}bfg hndUg x''g', v]ns'b
k|ltof]lutf ;DaGwL jflif{s Sofn]08/sf] cefj / sfo{qmd ;+rfngsf] nflu ah]6sf] cefj cflb
/x]sf 5g\ .
*=$ ;dfh sNof0f tyf ;fdflhs ;'/Iff
*=$=! afn u[x, a[4a[4f, cf>d / l:ylt
/fhlj/fhdf Pp6f afnu[x :yfkgf ul/Psf] 5 . ljut jif{df lhlj;nn] a[4a[4fx?sf] nflu
cf>d lgdf{0f ug{ ?= $ nfv *% xhf/ ah]6 vr{ e} ;s]sf] / rfn' jif{df lhlj;n] ?= $ nfv
ljlgof]hg u/]sf] 5 .
*=$=@ ;8s jfnjflnsfsf] l:ylt
;8s afnaflnsf ;DjGwdf cflwsfl/s ;"rgf pknJw x'g ;s]g . ;8s afnaflnsf ;DjGwdf
lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltn] tYof+s ;+sng u/L ;8s afnaflnsf ;DjGwL k|f]kmfO{n agfpg' kg]{
b]lvG5 .
*=$=# 4Gb lkl8tx?sf] l:ylt
-s_ d[ts
lhNNff k|zf;g sfof{no ;Kt/Lsf] clen]v cg';f/ 4Gbsf sf/0f ;Kt/L lhNnfdf !!! hgfn]
Hofg u'dfPsf lyP . Hofg u'dfPdf !!! dWo]&$ hgfsf] cfkmGt kl/jf/n] k|lt d[ts tLg
nfvsf] b/n] /fxt kfPsf 5g\ eg] @* hgf d[ts ;]gf / k|x/Lsf kl/jf/x?n] k|lt d[ts Ps
nfvsf] b/n] /fxt k|fKt u/]sf 5g\ eg] ( hgf d[tssf kl/jf/x?n]n] /fxt k|fKt ug{ afFsL
/x]sf 5g\ .

135

-v_ a]kQf
sfo{bnsf] k|ltj]bdf ;Kt/L lhNnfdf 4Gbsf ;dodf !@ hgf AolQm a]kQf ePsf l;kmfl/;
ul/Psf]df ( hgfsf cfkmGthg kl/jf/x?n] k|lt a]kQf AolQm ?= # nfvsf b/n] /fxt kfPsf] /
# hgf a]kQf ePsfx?sf] cfkmGtn] ;f] /fx k|fKt ug{ afFsL /x]sf] 5 .
-u_ dw]z cfGbf]ngdf d[ts
dw]z cfGbf]ngsf qmddf d[To' ePsf ( hgfsf cfkmGtx?n] Ps nfv krf; xhf/sf b/n] /fxt
k|fKt u/]sf 5g\ .
-3_ ckftf
4Gbsf a]nf k"0f{?kdf ckf ePsf b'O{ hgfn] Psd'i7 @ nfvsf b/n] / k|lt dlxgf ?= ^ xhf/ @
;osf b/n] /fxt k|fKt ub}{ cfPsf 5g ;fy} To:tf k"0f{ ?kn] ckftf AolQmsf] x]/rfxsf] nflu
klgk|lt AolQm k|lt dlxgf ?= ^ xhf/ @ ;osf b/n] /fxt pknJw u/fpb} cfOPsf] 5 . o;}u/L
cf+lzs ckftf ePsf ! hgfn] dfl;s ?= ^ xhf/ @ ;o k|lt dlxgf /fxt k|fKt ub}{ cfPsf 5g\
. ;fy} %) k|ltzt ckftf ePsf % hgfn] Psd'i7 ?= Ps nfv b/n] / @% k|ltzt ckfutf
Pshgfn] Psd'i7 %) xhf/ /fxt k|fKt u/]sf] b]lvG5 .
*=%gful/s ;'/Iff ;]jf
lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no ;Kt/Laf6 k|x/L rf}sL, b/jGbL / gful/s ;'/Iff ;DjGwL cGo hfgsf/Lx?
cfpg afFsL .
*=^dlxnf tyf jfnjflnsfsf] ljsf; l:ylt
*=^=! z}lIfs l:ylt / kx'Fr
ljBfno hfgaf6 j+lrt afnaflnsfsf] ljj/0f
k|f/lDes tYofs+ cg';f/ #$ jif{ pd]/sf k"j{ k|fylds ljBfno hfg] afnaflnsfx? dWo] #&^
hgf afnaflnsf / !)!$ jif{ pd]/sf ljBfno hfg af6 j+lrt &%@ hgf afnaflnsfx? /x]sf]
cj:Yff 5 . k"j{ k|fylds ljBfno / ljBfno hfgaf6 j+lrt afnaflnsfsf] ljj/0f tflnsf g+=
*=&^ df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.76M k"j{ k|fylds ljBfno / ljBfno hfgaf6 j+lrt afnaflnsfsf] ljj/0f
pd]/ ;d'x
hDdf afnaflnsf
Affns
Afflnsf
;+Vof
k|ltzt
;+Vof
k|ltzt
;+Vof
#$ jif{
#&^
#!
@)!
%#
!&^
$&
!) !$ jif{
&%@
@#
@&*
#&
$&$
^#
:f|f]tM /fhlj/fh of]hgf b:tfj]h, @)&!
:yfoL ;DklQdf dlxnfsf] :jfldTj cg';f/sf] 3/kl/jf/ ;+Vof ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= *=&&
df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
136

tflnsf g+=8.77M :yfoL ;DklQdf dlxnfsf] :jfldTj cg';f/sf] 3/kl/jf/ ;+Vof

If]q

hDdf

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b'j}

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dlxnfsf] :jfldTjdf /x]sf]

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gv'n]sf]

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Year 35, Volume 105, No.-1, 2011/12, tflnsf

g+=

*=^=@ :jf:Yo l:ylt tyf k|hgg :jf:Yo

-o; ;DjGwdf lhNnf hg:jf:Yo sfof{noaf6 ;"rgf lng afFsL_
*=^=# lzk ljsf;
@)&)@)&! cf =a= df dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf sfof{no n] l;k tyf Ifdtf clej[l4 / dlxnf
;zlQs/0f sf] If]qdf u/]sf sfdx?sf] ljj/0f
ljleGg uflj;df dlxnfx?sf] Ifdtf clej[l4 sf] nflu ul/Psf] tflndaf6 nfeflGjt ePsf]
hDdf dlxnf ;+Vof %*)
To;}u/L ljleGg uflj;df lszf]/Lx?sf] Ifdtf clej[l4sf] nflu ul/Psf] tflndaf6
nfeflGjt ePsf] hDdf lszf]/L ;+Vof !@)
ljleGg uflj;df ul/Psf] l;k ljsf; tflndaf6 nfeflGjt ePsf] dlxnf ;+Vof @*% /
lszf]/L ;+Vof !@)
*=^=$ /f]huf/ l:ylt / kx'+r -:jb]zL tyf ljb]zL /f]huf/L
;Kt/L lhNnfdf dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf sfof{noaf6 dlxnfx?sf] Ifdtf ljsf; / cfocfh{gsf
If]qdf sfo{ ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . ;f] ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+=*=&* df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.78Mdlxnf tyf afnaflnsf sfof{no ;Kt/Laf6 ;+rflnt sfo{qmd ;DaGwL ljj/0f
s|=;=
1

sfo{s|dsf]
gfd
dlxnf
ljsf;
sfo{s|d
hDdf

xfn ;Dd sfo{s|d ;+rflnt

;d"x

;ldlt

;+:yf

uf=lj=;=
;++Vof

j*f
;++Vof

g=kf=

j*F
;++Vof

;d"x
;++Vof

;b:o
;++Vof

;ldlt
;++Vof

;b:o
;++Vof

;+:yf
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97

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;|f]tM dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf sfof{no, ;Kt/L jflif{s k|ltj]bg cf= j+= @)&))&!
dlxnfx?sf] cfly{s, ;fdflhs / pgLx?sf] ;zQmLs/0fsf] nflu ;fdfGotof Pp6f uflj;df
pgLx?f/f g} Pp6f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ;~rfng x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 . To;df dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf
137

sfo{nox?n] cfjZos ;xof]u ub]{ cfPsf] 5 .dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf sfof{no ;Kt/Laf6 k|jl4{t
;xsf/L ;+:yfx?sf] ljj/0ftflnsf g+= *=&( df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.79M ;xsf/L ;+:yfx? ;DjGwL ljj/0f
qm=;=

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
21

;+:yfsf] gfd

;[hgfTdsdlxnf ;xsf/L
;=:yfln=,w/dk"/
ze]Iffdlxnf ;xsf/L '+;+:yf
kmQ]k"/
zesfdgfdlxnf ;xsf/L ;+:yf
?kgu/
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;+:yf#f]#gk"/
gjb'uf{ dlxnf ;xsf/L ;+;yf
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;+:yf&]lnof
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;=:yf l;tfk"/
nIdLdlxnf ;xsf/L ;+:yf
cgf{xf
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s'zxf
dfeujtLdlxnf art tyf
C)f ;xsf/L ;+:yf hutk"/

z]o/
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;+Vof

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11

528

12

753

13

483

14

422

15

84

16

135

17

130

18

515

19

158

20

40

27

22

uf}/L dlxnf art tyf C)f

;xsf/L ;+:yf a}/jf

61

28

23

nIdLdlxnf art tyf C)f

;xsf/L ;+:yf cf]b|fxf

87

29

24

dxfdfofdlxnf art tyf

C)f ;xsf/L ;+:yf h)*f]n

79

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nfnL u'/f; dlxnf art tyf

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124

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dfb'uf{ dlxnf art tyf C)f

;xsf/L ;+:yfln= t/xL

27

27

;|f]tM dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&!

138

;+:yfsf] gfd

hgHof]ltdlxnf ;xsf/L ;+:yf

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;+:yf zDe"gfy
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;+:yf dn]sk"/
;/:jtLdlxnf ;xsf/L ;+:yf
nfnfkl^
nfnL u'/f; dlxnfljsf;
;ldlt cf}/xL
kfj{tLdlxnfljsf; ;+:yf
dfg/fhf
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sfrg
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af]b]a;fO{g
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O{=km'njl*of
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*=^=% j}jflxs l:yltafn ljjfx

tflnsf !*^ nfO{ ljZn]if0f ubf{ !) jif{eGbf sd pd]/df klg ljjfx x'g] u/]sf] b]lvG5 . !) jif{
eGbf sd pd]/df ljjfx ug]{sf] ;+Vof ^ xhf/ %) hgf /x]sf 5g\ . j}jflxs l:ylt ;DjGwL
lj:t[t ljj/0f tflnsf g+=*=*)df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.80Mbz jif{ / ;f] eGbf dflysf] hg;+Vofsf] klxnf] ljjfx ePsf] pd]/
ln
dlxnf
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ljjflxt jif{
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;|f]tMNational Population and Housing Census 2011, National Report , Volume 1, Table 19
*=^=^ ;du| ;fdflhs l:ylt -e]befj, 5'jf5't, dlxnf lj?4 lx+;f_
;Kt/Ldf ;g @))$ b]vLkf/flnunsfo{qmd ;+rfngePsf] xf] . kf/flnunsfo{qmd
;Kt/Ldfo'lg;]kmsf] ;xof]u tyf ;Kt/Lsf] u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yf -dfgjclwsf/ tyfhgjsfnt s]Gb|,
x'k]s_4f/f ;+rflntul/Psf] lyof] .dlxnf / afnaflnsf lj?4 x'g] lx+;f, b'Jo{jxf/ / zf]if0fsf
36gfx? g]kfnL ;dfhdfk|z:t dfqfdf /x]sf 5g\ . dlxnf / afnaflnsf lj?4x'g] u/]sf
36gfx?nfO{ ;fdfGo / lghLljifosf ?kdflnOg] k|rngsf ;fy} pgLx? dflyePsf 36gfx?nfO{
aflx/ Nofpggx'g] dfGotfx? ;dfhdfljBdfg/lx/x]sf sf/0f klg o:tf 36gfx? k'gM bf]xf]/L /x]sf]
kfOG5g\ .
o;} ;Gbe{df of] sfo{qmdsf] k|efjnfO{ cem ;d'bfo :t/;Dd n}hfgdlxnf, afnaflnsftyf ;dfh
sNof0f dGqfno, o'lg;]km / l8PkmcfO8L aLrdf @)^( >fj0f !@ ut] Ps ;Demf}tfkqdf x:tfIf/
ePsf] 5 . h; cg';f/ ca pk|fGt cem j[xt ?kdf jf8{ jf8{dfhfgdlxnfljsf; sfo{qmd cGtu{t
n}+lus lx+;f lgu/fgL ;d"xsf] lgdf{0f u/L uflj; :t/dfePsfkf/flnunsf ;b:ox?sf] 1fg ;LknfO{
jf8{, j:tLtx;Dd k'ofpg] s'/f pNn]v ePsf] 5 . t;y{ xfn ;~rfngdf /x]sf kf/flnun
sldl6x?nfO{ dlxnftyfjfnjflnsfsfof{no o;y{df g]kfn ;/sf/n] cfkmgf] lg/Gt/ sfo{qmdleq
;dfj]z u/]sf] kfOG5 / lj:tf/} kf/flnun ;ldltx? n}+lus lx+;f lgjf/0fsf] nfludlxnf ;+:yfx?sf]
Plss[t ljsf; sfo{qmddfPlss/0f eP/ hfg] ;'?jftePsf] kfOG5 . o;} ;Gbe{df ;Kt/L lhNnfdf
;+rfng /x]sf] $) j6f kf/flnun ;ldlt x? dWo] % j6f uflj;dfutcf=a=@)^()&) / #
uflj;dfcf=a= @)&))&! DffPlss/0f eP/ n}+lus lx+;f lgu/fgL ;d'x u7g ePsf] 5 . of]
sfo{qmd dlxnf tyf afnaflns sfo{no, ;Kt/L, dfgj clwsf/ tyf hg jsfnt s]Gb|, x'k|]s,
uflj; txsf] dlxnf ;ldlt /x]sf 5g\ . xfn /x]sf $) j6f Kof/ lnun ;ldltx?df dlxnf &)@
hgf, k5fl8 kfl/Psf ;d"xsf !*% hgf / hghfltsf !($ hgf ;b:ox? ;+nUg 5g\ . kf/flnun
sfo{qmd z'? ePsf] cfwf/df uf=lj=;=x?sf] jlu{s/0f ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= *=*! df
pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
139

tflnsf g+=8.81Mkf/flnun sfo{qmd z'? ePsf] cfwf/df uf=lj=;=x?sf] jlu{s/0f

;g\ @))$ df sfo{qmd z'? ePsf uflj;x?
w/dk'/ ,kmQ]k'/ , sdnk'/,;s/k'/f,j|xdk'/, 3f]3gk'/, s+rgk'/, O6x/L ljifgk'/, dfg/fhf,
nfnfk6\6L, /fhlj/fh g=kf=,@ g+=hf]lulgof, dnxlgof , kTy/uf8f , h08f}n / ?kgu/
;g\ @))&sfo{qmd z'? ePsf uflj;x?
bf}ntk'/ , l;:jf j]NxL, ljifxl/of, s'zxf, jSw'jf, /fok'/ ,v8uk'/ , cgf{xf, jf]l/of,
k|;jgL, g3f]{, hd'gLdWf]k'/
;g\ @))* sfo{qmd z'? ePsf uflj;x?
xl/k'/, vf]hk'/ , jg/dm'nf, Ogjf{ k'mnjl8of
;g\ @))( sfo{qmd z'? ePsf uflj;x?
lkk|fklZrd / /f}tx6
;g\ @)!) sfo{qmd z'? ePsf uflj;x?
/fdk'/ hd'jf / k+;]/f
;g\ @)!! sfo{qmd z'? ePsf uflj;x?
l5Ggd:tf / xg'dfggu/
;|f]tM dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf sfo{no, ;Kt/L,@)&!
:yfkgfsfn b]lv @)!$ clk|n ;Dd kf/flnun tyf n}+luslx;f, lgu/fgL ;d'xx?n] ;Daf]wg
u/]sf lx+;f;+u ;DalGwt ljjfbsf]ljj/0f tn tflnsf g+= *=*@ df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+= 8.82M dlxnf lx+;f ;DjGwL ljj/0fx?
qm= ;+ ljjfbsf] lsl;d
;+Vof
!
dlxnf lxF;f ;DaGwL
%%#$
@
afnaflnsf ;DaGwL
!&!!
#
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kf/flnun ;ldlttyf n}+lus lx+;f lgu/fgL ;d'xx?n] ;Daf]wg u/]sf lxnftyfjfnjflnsfsf]
lx+;fx?sf] :j?k x]bf{ ;Kt/L lhNnfdfdlxnf ;+u ;DalGwt lx+;fx?dfjx'ljjfx, af]S;Lsf] cf/f]k,
of}ghGo lx+;fx?, ;fdflhs lx+;f,gful/stf af6 alGrt, ljjfxbtf{ af6 alGrt, ;DaGw ljR5]b,
s'6lk6, ;DklQ ;DaGwLljjfb, dlxnfxTof, anTsf/, bfOhf]sf] sf/0fn] dlxnf k|tfl8ttyf w]/}
dfqfdf 3/]n' lx+;f /x]sf] b]lvG5 eGg]jfnjflnsfvf; u/]/jfnljjfx, jfn>d, jfnb'/Jojxf/,
pk]Iff ,hGdbtf{ af6 alGrt, ljBfnohfgg;s]sf], jfnof}g zf]if0f, anTsf/, a]rljvg h:tf
lx+;fx? af6 k|efljt /x]sf] b]lvG5 .
140

o; lhNnfdf cfly{s jif{ @)^()&) / @)&))&! df w/dk'/, cgf{x, @ g+ hf]lulgof,

l5Ggd:tf, g3f]{, /fok'/, v8\uk'/ / lkk|fklZrd u/L hDdf cf7 j6f uflj;x?df n}ls lx+;f
lgjf/0fsf nflu dlxnf ;+:yfx?sf] Plss[t ljsf; sfo{qmd nfu' ul/Psf 5g\ .o;sf] agfj6
tflnsf g+= *=*# df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+= 8.83M lguf/fgL ;d'x ;DaGwL ljj/0f
qm=;=
!
@
#
$
%
^
&
*

uf=lj=;=
tx
@
@
!
!
!
!
!
)

uf=lj=;
sf] gfd

j8f g+

w/dk'/
cgf{xf
hf]lulgof
l5Ggd:tf
g3f]{
/fok'/
V8uk'/
lkk|fklZrd

19
19
3,5,7,8,9

lgu/fgL ;d"x lgu/fgL ;d"x ;b:o ;+Vof

lgu/fgL
;+Vof
;d"xdf kf=;
blnt hghftL cGo hDdf
9
9
5

31
21
11

13
37
17

28
14
11

72
72
39

17
17
6

1,2,6,8,9

18

16

39

1,6,7,8
8,2,6

4
3

16
5

16
13

32
24

7
3

1,6,8

14

24

77

230

49

30

hDdf M

83

;|f]tM dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf sfo{no, ;Kt/L, @)&!

3/]n' lx+;fjf6 k|efljt dlxnf tyf jfnjflnsfsf nflu ;'/lIft cf>o:yn ;+rfng ;+rfng
ul/Psf ;+:yf tyf uf=lj=;=x? ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= *=*$ df k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+= 8.84M dlxnf lx+;f ;DjGwL ph'/Lx?sf] ljj/0f
ljj/0f
s'6lk6
jx' ljjfx
cfly{s lx+;f
of}ghGo
jfnljjfx
j]jfl/;]
jf]S;Lsf] cf/f]k
dfgl;+s lx+;f
cGolx;f
hDdf

cf=j=
@)^^

cf=j=
@)^&
@$
#
!
@

cf=j=
@)^*
*!
%
!
!!
!
!
!

!*
!!(

@
!
^
$@

;|f]tM dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf sfo{no, ;Kt/L, @)&!

141

cf=j=
@)^(
&@
@
^
!)
!
!
@
^
^
!)^

cf=j=
@)&)
%@
$
#
%
!
@
!

^
&$

;Kt/L lhNnfsf] dlxnf lx+;f ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= *=*% df k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.85M dlxnf lx+;f ;DjGwL ljj/0f
qm= ;+
ljj/0f
;+Vof
! dlxnf k|efljt ;+Vof
#@(
@ jfns
%
# jflnsf
*
$ s"nhDdf
#$@
% ljjfb ;dfwfgeO{ 3/ kms]{sf ;+Vof
#@*
^ d'f
!^
;|f]tM dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&!
;Kt/L lhNnfdf cem} klg dlxnf / afnaflnsfx?nfO{ ;dfhdf e]befj ug]{, blnt dlxnfx?nfO{
5'jf5'tsf] gfddf ckdfg ug]{ / 3/]n' lx+;faf6 lkl8t x'g' k/]sf] cj:yf /x]sf] 5 . o; If]qdf
lhNnfdf w]/} ;+3 ;+:yfx?n] sfo{ ub}{ cfPsf klg 5g\ . vf; u/L 3/]n' lx+;fdf k/]sf dlxnf tyf
afnaflnsfx?nfO{ ;]jf k|bfg ug{ lhNnf ;]jf s]Gb| / ;fd'bflos ;]jf s]Gb|x? lqmofl;n /x]sf
5g . tL ;]jfs]Gb|x?n] pknJw u/fpg] uflj; / ltgLx?sf] sfo{If]q lgDgfg';f/ tflnsf g+=
*=*^df k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.86M lhNnf ;]jf s]Gb| / ;fd'bflos ;]jf s]Gb| ;DaGwL ljj/0f
qm=;+=
;]jf s]Gb|sf] gfd
7]ufgf
sfo{ If]q
lgjf{rg uf=lj=;=
If]q
!
>L ;[hgfTds dlxnf
#
w/dk'/
;f=;]=s]Gb|n] ;Dk|]if0f u/]sf !!$
;/sf/L ;+ ln=w/dk'/j6f uflj; / gu/kflnsf
lh=;]=s]Gb|_
@
>L gj b'uf{ dlxnf jrt !
s+rgk'/ s+rgk'/, kmQ]k'/,w/k'/, hutk'/,
tyf C0f ;xsf/L
3f]3gk'/, lkk|fk"j{, cf]b|fxf,
;+=ln=s+rgk'/ -;f=;]=s]Gb|_
j/dlemof, jbufdf
#
>L uf}/L dlxnf jrt tyf @
j}/jf, kf]tfxf, ef/bx, dwjfk'/,
C0f ;xsf/L ;+=ln=j}/jf uf]O7L, 8f9f, l8dg, lqsf}n
;f=;]=s]Gb|_
eujtk'/, dxb]jf, ! g+ hf]lulgof,
xg'dfggu/, Ogjf{, uf]j/uf9f,
jegufdfs6L, sf]Onf8L, sf]
j;f{Og, aygfxf, ks/L
$
>L ;'o{d'vL dlxnf jrt %
jg/em'nf, k+;]/f, dnxgdf, xl/k'/,
C0f ;xsf/L ;+=ln= xl/k'/s'zfxf, dw'k6L, bf}ntk'/, xlb{of,
;f=;=s]Gb|_
lkk|f klZrd
%
>L ;okqL dlxnf jrt
!
t]/xf}tf, l;tfk'/, k|zjgL, h08f}n,
142

qm=;+=

;]jf s]Gb|sf] gfd

7]ufgf
lgjf{rg uf=lj=;=
If]q

tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+= ln=

t]/xf}tf -;f=;]=s]Gb|_
>L ;/:jtL dlxnf jrt #
tyf C0f ;xsf/L
;+=ln=nfnfk6L -;f=;]=s]Gb|_

&

>L kfj{tL dlxnf jrt

tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+=ln=
dfg/fhf -;f=;]=s]Gb|_

>L nIdL dlxnf jrt tyf $

C0f ;xsf/L ;++=ln=c/gfxf
-;f=;]=s]Gb|_

>L lbk Hof]tL dlxnf jrt %

tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+= ln=
sNof0fk'/ -;f=;]=s]Gb|_

sfo{ If]q
jsw'jf, nf]xhf/f, d}gfs8]/L,
7]lnof, ?kgu/, j;lj6L
nfnfk6L, xl/x/k'/, b]p/Le?jf,
;s/k'/f, jf]l/of, sf] dw]k'/f, km;{]7,
/fdk'/ dnxlgof, ltnf7L, nf}lgof,
ljifxl/of, sf]rfjvf/L, j/xL
lj/k'/, lb3jf, O{6x/L lji0f'k'/,
/fhlj/fh gu/kflnsf
l6s'lnof, k6]jf{, l;:jf j]NxL,
d}gf;x;|jfx', g]u8f, Ogjf{
km'njl8of,jgf}nL, jgf}nf,
jf]b]j;f{Og, ;f/:j/, wgu9L,
dnxlgof, km'nsfxL, /f}tx6,
dfg/fhf, df]jfxf, j]NxL, /fdgu/,
sfrg, v8uk'/, b]p/L, t/xL
cgf{xf, kTy/uf8f, s6}of, dn]7,
dn]sk'/, hd'gL dw]k'/f, sljnf;f,
j|xdk'/, l;d|fxf l;+Uof}g,
kftf],cf}/xL, uDxl/of k|jfxf, e'txL,
j]NxL rk]gf, g3f{], em'6sL, jg}lgof,
kmls/f, l5Ggd:tf
vf]hk'/, sNof0fk'/,e+uxf, df]xgk'/,
O{gjf{ km'njl8of, j;jnk'/,
zDe'gfy, /fok'/, vf]S;/ k|jfxf

;|f]t M lhNnf dlxnf tyf jfn jflnsf sfof{no, ;Kt/L @)&! c;f/
;Kt/L lhNnfdf @)&) >fj0f b]vL @)&) r}q ;Dd 3/]n' lx+;f k|efljt dlxnfsf nflu :yflkt
lhNnf ;]jf s]Gb| / pk s]Gb|df ph'/L ePsf, k5\of}6 ePsf, cbfnt uPsf / afFsL d'4fsf]
ljj/0f b]xfo adf]lhd tflnsf g+= *=*&df k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.87M ;]jf s]Gb|df ;]jf lnPsf dlxnf lx+;f ;DjGwL d'4fsf] ljj/0f
qm=;=
ljj/0f
ph'/L
km5of}{6
cbfnt
jfFls
! s'6lk6
*(
*&
@
@ cfly{s lx+;f
$
$
143

qm=;=
ljj/0f
ph'/L
km5of}{6
cbfnt
jfFls
# of}g hGo lx+;f
!
!
$ jx'ljjfx
!
!
!
% j]jfl/;] cj:yf
!
!
^ cGo lx+;f
^#
^@
!
& cbfntdf c+z d'4f
$
$
* gftf sfod
!
!
( hDdf
!^$
!%%
^
#
gf]6 M s'n !^$ hgf 3/]n' lx+;faf6 lkl8t dWo] !%! dlxnf, $ jfns /( jflnsf /x]sf 5g .
;|f]t M lhNnf dlxnf tyf jfn jflnsf sfof{no, ;Kt/L @)&! c;f/
n}ls lx+;f ;DaGwL lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no dlxnf tyf jfnjflnsf ;]ndf k/]sf ph'/L ;DjGwL
ljj/0fx? tflnsf g+= *=** df k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=

8.88M

o;
qm=;+= sfof{nodf
k|fKt

n}ls lx+;f ;DaGwL ph'/L / sfjf{xLsf] l:ylt

lhNnf
k|zf;g
sfof{no
dfkm{t
k|fKt

hDdf
ph'/L

sfaf{xL
ePsf]
;+Vof

lgj]bg lbO
;Dks{df
gcfPsf
;+Vof

!
$)*
@*^
^($ ^%&
%
;|f]t M lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no ;Kt/L, cfj=)&))&!
;'/lIft cf>o :ynaf6 ;]jf k|fKt ug]{ 3/]n' lx+;faf6
*=*( df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+= 8.89M ;'/lIftcf>o:ynaf6 ;]jf k|fKt ug]{
ljj/0f
jif{
jif{
jif{
@)^^
@)^&
@)^*
s'6lk6

@$
*!
jx'ljjfx

#
%
cfly{s lx+;f

!
!
of}ghGo
!
@
!!
jfnljjfx

!
j]jfl/;]

@
!
jf]S;Lsf]

!
!
cf/f]k
dfgl;s

cGo lx+;f

^
!*
144

sfaf{xL
x'g afFsL
;+Vof

!^

d'4f
btf{
ePsf]
;+Vof

cbfntL
k|lqmofdf
uPsf]
;+Vof

!$

k|efljtx?sf] ljj/0f tnsf] tflnsf g+=

3/]n' lx+;f af6 k|efljtx?sf] ljj/0f
jif{
jif{
s'n
@)^(
@)&)
&@
%@
@@(
@
$
!$
^
#
!!
!)
%
@(
!
!
#
!
@
^
@
!
%
^
^

!%

^
$%

hDdf
!
#(
!!(
!)^
*#
#$*
gf]6 M @)^^ b]vL )&) cf;f9 ;Dd s'n #$* hgf dlxnf tyf jfnjflnsfx? 3/]n' lx+;faf6
k|efljt ePsf] dWo] % hgf jfns, * hgf jflnsf / ##% hgf dlxnfx? /x]sf 5g\ .
s'n #$* dWo] ljjfb ;dfwfg eO{ / 3/ kms{g]sf] ;+Vof ##@ /x]sf] / afFsL !^ hgfsf]
xfn ;Dd d'4f rln/x]sf] 5 .
;|f]tM lhNnf dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf sfof{no, @)&! c;f/ .
*=^=&;fd'bflos / /fhlglts lqmofsnfkdf ;xeflutf / k|ltlglwTj
*=^=* ;]jf / ;'ljwf dflysf] kx'+r, lgoGq0f / zlQm ljZn]if0f -lg0f{o k|lqmofdf kx"+r_
*=^=( hGd btf{
*=^=!) afn >dsf] cj:yf
gu/kflnsfsf] k|f/lDes tYofs+ cg';f/ /fhlj/fh gu/kflnsf leq @%# hgf afnaflnsfx?
3/]n' afn>dlssf] ?kdf sfo{ ul//x]sf] kfO{Psf] lyof] . h;df !(% hgf afns tyf %* hgf
aflnsf /x]sf lyP -tflnsf g+= *=()_ .
tlnsf g+= 8.90M 3/]n' afn>lds afnaflnsfsf] cj:yf
qm=;= afn>dsf] k|sf/
hDdf
afns
aflnsf
! 3/]n' sfddf
&(
@!
%*
@ ;8s
# afn el/of
$ xf]6n tyf nh
*@
*@
% Uof/]hdf sfd
$#
$#
^ Jofkf/
#&
#&
& cGo
!@
!@
hDdf
@%#
!(%
%*
;|f]tM /fhlj/fh of]hgf b:tfj]h, @)&!

145

*=^=!! ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t jfn ;+/If0f k|0ffnL

pd]/ ;d"x / lnsf] cfwf/df !^ jif{ d'lgsf afnaflnsfx?sf] a;fO{sf] cj:yf ;DjGwL ljj/0f
tn tflnsf g+= *=(! df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=8.91Mpd]/ ;d"x / lnsf] cfwf/df !^ jif{ d'lgsf afnaflnsfx?sf] a;fO{sf] cj:yf
b'a} lnsf] pd]/
;d"x

hDdf

hDdf
Ps jif{ eGbf
d'gL
01 - 04 jif{
05 - 09jif{
10 - 15jif{
k'?if
hDdf
Ps jif{ eGbf
d'gL
01 - 04jif{
05 - 09jif{
10 - 15jif{
dlxnf
hDdf
Ps jif{ eGbf
d'gL
01 - 04jif{
05 - 09jif{
10 - 15jif{

247,532
10,852

223,974
10,097

16,782
512

964
16

311
0

33
0

549
8

46
0

1,936
18

2,935
201

52,403
86,036
98,241

48,339
78,565
86,972

2,955
5,536
7,779

50
294
604

33
82
196

0
8
24

107
171
264

0
1
45

201
538
1,179

718
840
1,177

125,640
5,700

113,819
5,398

8,234
221

613
16

159
0

24
0

215
0

27
0

1,131
5

1,416
60

26,680
44,083
49,177

24,563
40,259
43,599

1,536
2,767
3,711

36
182
379

17
58
85

0
0
24

17
93
105

0
1
26

82
285
760

430
439
488

121,892
5,152

110,156
4,699

8,548
291

351
0

152
0

8
0

335
8

19
0

805
13

1,519
141

25,723
41,953
49,064

23,776
38,307
43,373

1,419
2,769
4,068

14
111
226

16
24
112

0
8
0

90
78
159

0
0
19

119
254
419

288
401
689

cfdf afa' cfdf

afa'

cfdf
/
;f}tfg]
afaf'

a;fO sf];Fu
afa' / cGo
;f}tfg] gft]bf/
cfdf

/f]huf/ cGo
bftf

pNn]v
gePsf]

Source: CBS, Nepal, National Population and Housing Census 2011, Volume V, Part 12, Table 65

*=&pk]lIft plTkl8t, blnt tyf hghftLsf] l:ylt

;Kt/L lhNnf pk]lIft, plTkl8t, blntx?sf] pNn]Vo hg;+Vof ePsf] lhNnf xf] . lo ;d'bfox?
If}lIfs, cfly{s, :jf:Yo, lg0f{o k|lqmofdf x'g] ;xeflutf / ;]jf / ;'ljwfsf] kx'Fr cflbsf]
b[li6sf]0fn] k5fl8 k/]sf 5g\ . pbfx/0fsf] nflu g]kfn dfgj ljsf; k|ltj]bg cg';f/ dw]lz
a|Dxf0f If]qLx?sf] ;/b/ jflif{s k|ltJolQm cfo ? $!**( / dw]zL cGo hftsf] k|ltJolQm cfo
? #@&#& b]vfOPsf] 5 eg] dw]zL blntx?sf] k|lt JolQm cfo ? @&%^@ dfq /x]sf] 5 . of]
tYofn] ;Kt/L lhNnfsf] klg k|ltlglwTj ub{5 eg]/ o;nfO{ cfwf/ dfGg vf]lhPsf] xf] . ;fy} ;f]
k|ltj]bgsf] dfgj ljsf; k|ltj]bgn] dw]zL blntx?sf] z}lIfs / cfo' ;'rfsf klg sdfhf]/
b]vfPsf] 5 .

146

*=*cGwf tyf ckfsf] cj:yf

;Kt/L lhNnfdf km/s Ifdtf ePsf hg;+Vofsf] cj:yfsf af/]df tflnsf g+=*=(@ df lj:t[t
?kdf pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
-_ ckftf cg';f/ hg;+Vof ljj/0f
tflnsf g+= 8.92M km/s Ifdtf ePsf hg;+Vofsf] cj:yf
If]q

s'n
hg;+Vof

zfl/l/s
c;Qm

cfvfF sd
b]Vg] jf
gb]Vg]

sd sfg
;'Gg] jf
sfg g;'Gg]

cfFvf gb]Vg]
/ sfg
g;'Gg]

af]Ng
g;Sg]

dfgl;g
c;Qmtf

af}l4s
c;Qmtf

ax'
cfoflds
c;Qmtf

g]kfn
k"lj{ t/fO{
;Kt/L

26494504
3818119
639284

186457
212086
3063

94765
9780
1536

79307
7915
951

9436
960
178

58855
7981
1037

30997
4607
612

14888
1816
212

38616
5202
455

;|f]tM National Population and Housing Census 2011, National Report , Volume 1, Table 24

147

hDdf
hg;+V
of
8044
(1.16)

*=(t]>f] ln+uLsf] l:ylt

@)^% df :yfkgf ePsf] ;xof]uL ;dfh /fhla/fhn] ;Kt/L lhNnfdf /x]sf of}lgs tyf n}ls
cNk;FVosx? -;dln tyf t];|f] lnL]_ sf] If]qdf eO{ lg/Gt/ ?kdf sfo{ ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . of}lgs
tyf n}lus cNk;+Vosx?sf] of}g :jf:Yo tyf dfgj clwsf/sf] nflu ljz]if hf]8 lbFb} cfPsf]
5 . o; cl3 Jn' 8fod08 ;f];O{6Lsf] zfvfsf] ?kdf :yflkt eO{ ;g\ @))& b]lv /fhla/fh
;Kt/Ldf sfo{/t /x]sf] lyof] . ;dfhsf] lje]bsf/L sfg"gL tyf ;dflhs ;+/rgfsf] sf/0fn]
ubf{ g]kfnsf] hg;FVofsf] G8} * b]lv !) k|ltzt /x]sf] cg'dfg ul/Psf] of}lgs tyf n}ls
cNk;+Vosx? dWo] ;g\ @))& b]lv clxn] ;Dd k|ToIf tyf cKf|ToIf ?kdf of] lHfNnfsfsl/j
&xhf/sf] xf/fxf/Ldf ;Dk{sdf cfO{;s]sf 5g\ / c} v'Ng afFsL g} 5g\.
cfgf] of}gLsn}lsklxrfgsf] cfwf/df 3/kl/jf/ ;dfh tyf /fHo4f/f lje]bsf] l;sf/ x'g'k/]sf]
cj:yf 5 . o; ;d'bfosf JolQmx? lbg lbg} kfl/jfl/s, 3/]n', ;fdflhs tyf /fHo:t/af6 ul/g]
lx+;faf6 u|l;t 5g\ . k|x/L k|;fzg tyf ;/sf/L lgsfox? o; ;d'bfosf JolQmx?k|lt
;Da]bgzLn 5}gg\ . kfl/jfl/s ;fdflhs /fhg}lts If]qaf6 lt/:s[t x'g' k/]sf] sf/0fn] pgLx?
;fgf] pd]/b]vL g} 3/kl/jf/ 5f8\g afWo eO{, 3/ kl/jf/af6 ckx]lnt eO{ a:g' k/]sf] 5 .
cfgf] of}lgstfsf] sf/0fn] k9\g kfpg] clwsf/af6 ;d]t jlGrt eO{ ljBfno sn]haf6
lg:sfl;t x'g'k/]sf ;of} 36gfx? 5g\ . cfgf] of}lgstfsf] sf/0fn] ubf{ af6f] 3f6f]df lx8\bf
lx8\b} o; ;d'bfosf JolQmx?nfO{ jLgf sf/0f kqm]/ nlu y'gfdf /fvL ljleGg k|sf/sf of}g
b'/Jojxf/ u/L zf/Ll/s tyf dfgl;s oftgf lbFb} cfPsf y'k|} 36gfx? 5g\ . :s"n, SofDk;,
;/sf/L tyf lglh sfof{no, nufot x/]s If]qdf oL JolQmx? k|lt cdfgjLo Jojxf/ x'b} cfPsf]
5 . To:tf] ug]{ JolQmx?nfO{ s'g} ;hfosf] eflubf/ agfO+{b}g .
olt 7"nf] ;+Vofdf /x]sf of}gLs tyf nf}lus cNk;+Vosx? l;dfGts[t ju{ eP/ klg /fHoaf6
kfpg' kg]{ ;x'lnot ;'ljwf jf cj;/af6 jl~rt x'g' k/]sf] 5 . oL l;dfGts[t au{sf] hLjg :t/
psf:gsf] nflu ;/sf/n] ;xof]u u/]sf] 5}g h;sf sf/0f of}gLs tyf n}lscNk;+Vos
;d''bfosf JolQmx?sf] cj:yf emg gfh's aGb} uO{ lzIff :jf:Yo tyf /f]huf/L h:tf clt
cfwf/e"t dfgj clwsf/af6 ;d]t of] ;d'bfo alGrt ePsf] 5 . h;n] ubf{ pgLx? cfgf]
JolQmTj ljsf;sf] cj;/af6 alGrt x'g' k/]sf] 5 .
*=!):yfgLo :t/df dfgj clwsf/sf] cj:yf
*=!)=! lhNnfdf afn Snj ;+Vof / ;~hfn
o; lhNnfdf cf=a= @)&)&! df lhNnf :t/Lo !, gu/:t/Lo ! / ufpF:t/Lo !!$ j6f
afnSnjx? lqmoflzn 5g\ . :s"n txdf @!( j6f afnSnjx? u7g ePsf] df @% j6fn] dfq
;lqmo ?kdf sfd u/]sf 5g\ . To;} u/L gu/:t/df ;fd'bflos txsf] #( j6f / j8f txdf
!,)#^ j6f afnSnjx? u7g ePsf 5g\ . o;/L lhNnfdf s'n !,@!^ jfnSnjx? u7g e}
lqmoflzn /x]sf 5g\ .
148

lrq g+=1M afnSnjdf ;dfj]lztfsf] cj:yf

;b:o ;+Vof

ljleGg txdf u/L s'n

!$ xhf/ ^ ;o $@
afnSnjsf ;b:ox?sf] ljj/0f
hgfafn
aflnsfx?
5,916
afnSnjx?df
cfj4
6,000
ePsf]df
d'l:nd
4,015
3,896
;d'bfoaf6 *!% hgf,
4,000
blntaf6 # xhf/ * ;o
815
2,000
(^, hghftLaf6 $
0
xhf/ !% / cGo
;d'bfoaf6 % xhf/ (
blnt hghftL d'l:nd
cGo
;o
!^
hgfsf]
afnSnjdf hfltut ;b:otf
;xeflutf /x]sf] 5 .
s'n ;b:o;+Vofdf *
xhf/ &@ hgf -%% k|ltzt_ afns / afsL ^ xhf/ % ;o &) hgf -$% k|ltzt_ aflnsfx?
/x]sf 5g\ .
lrq g+=2M afnSnjsf] d'Vo d'Vo kbdf ;dfj]lztfsf] cj:yf
cf=a=
@)&)&!
df
afnSnjsf] d'Vo kbx? h:t}
cWoIf, pkfWoIf, ;lrj /
sf]iffWoIf df ;a} eGbf sd
2,726
3,000
1,916
1,896
d'l:nd ;d'bfoaf6 @ ;o
1,167 1,311
2,000
@* hgf / ;j} eGbf j9L
228
1,000
cGo ;d'bfoaf6 ! xhf/ (
0
;o !^ hgf /x]sf 5g\ eg]
! xhf/ ! ;o ^& blntx?
/ ! xhf/ # ;o !! hgf
hghftLx?n] g]t[Tj u/]sf]
hfltut / afns / aflnsfsf] k|ltlgllwTjsf] cj:yf
cj:yf 5 . s'n $ xhf/ ^
;o dWo] @ xhf/ & ;o @^
afns -%( k|ltzt_ / ! xhf/ * ;o (^ aflnsf -$! k|ltzt_ /x]sf 5g\ .
;b:o ;+Vof

d'Vo kbx?df hfltut / afnaflnsfsf]

k|ltlglwTjsf] cj:yf

149

9.

v08(Mjg tyf jftfj/0f

(=!ag If]qsf] l:ylt

;Kt/L lhNnfsf] clwsfFz -*(=%!_ jg If]q k"j{ klZrd /fhdfu{sf] pQ/ tkm{ /x]sf] r'/]
>[vnfdf dfq /x]sf] 5 . r'/Lofdf Hill Sal forest / Tropical Mixed Hardwood forest / vo/
ldl>t jg If]q /x]sf 5g\ . efj/ / t/fO{df Tropical Mixed Hardwood forest /Sal forest
km}lnPsf] b]lvG5 . r'/]sf]Foot Hilldf vo/sf] h+un /x]sf] 5 . ljleGg hftsf cyf{t vo/, l;;f},
l;l/; / c? hftsf lj?jfx? nueu @$*&=&$ x]S6/df ePsf] b]lvG5 . o; lhNnfdf hDdf
#$!&(=#) x]S6/ ag If]q /x]sf] 5 . h;df t/fO{sf] ag If]qdf #%*$=@) x]=, l;jflnsr'l/of
jgsf] #)%(%=!) x]= If]qkmn /x]sf] 5 . oxfF sl/j %( j6f lghL jg btf{ ePsf] 5 eg] !@*
;fd'bflos jg -!&*$&=!* If]qkmn_ /x]sf 5g\ .
k|hftL cg';f/ jgsf] lsl;d
ef}uf]lns cj:yf, tfkqmd, jiff{, prfO{, df6f], cflbsf] sf/0fn] ubf{ jg:kltsf] pkl:yltdf klg
;f]lx adf]lhdsf] leGgtf kfO{G5 . ;Kt/L lhNnfsf] jflif{s ;/b/ tfksqmd #)) l8u|L eGbf
dfly / cf}ift jflif{s jiff{ !#)*@)#^=#* ld=ld= ;Dd ePsf] x'Fbf oxfFTropical ForestkfOG5 .
o; lhNnfsf] jgsf] cj:yf tflnsf g+= (=! df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=9.1M ;Kt/L lhNnfsf] jgsf] cj:yf
qm=;=

1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
2
2.1
2.2
2.3

jgsf] lsl;d

IF]qkmn x]=
3584=20
2330=30
1068=40
99=60
85=90
30595=10
12448=60
15746=50
2000=00
34179=30

t/fO{ / efj/sf] s'n jg If]q

;fn jg
pi0f ldl;|t s8f sf7 jg
vo/ jg
ljIf/f]k0f
l;jfls / r'/]sff] s'n jg
;fn jg
pi0f ldl;|t s8f sf7 jg
vo/ jg
s'n hDdf

;|f]tM lhNnf ag sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&!

o; jg If]qdf /x]sf] Bhabar andTerai Deciduous HardWood Mixed Forest/x]sf] jgsf]
cWoog ug{sf] nflu o; nfO{ jgsf] cj:yf cg';f/ tLg efudf ljefhg u/]sf] 5 h'g tflnsf
g+= (=@ df k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .

150

tflnsf g+=9.2M jgsf] cj:yf

qm=
;=
1

jgsf] lsl;d

If]qkmn

k|ltzt

/fd|f] cj:yfsf] jg-70eGbf j(L If]q #gTjePsf]_

554=10

51=86

cf};t cj:yfsf] jg -40 b]vL 70 ;Ddf If]q #gTj

ePsf]_

335=40

31=39

sd;n cj:yfsf] jg -10 b]vL 40;Dd If]q #gTj

ePsf]_
hDdf

178=90

16=75

1068=40

100

;|f]tM lhNnf ag sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&!

jg clts|d0f ePsf] If]q
o; lhNnfdf ljut sf] of]hgf sfndf ljleGg sf/0fn] ubf{ ePsf] jg clts|d0f sf] ljj/0f lgDg
adf]lhdsf] tflnsf g+= (=# df k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf
qm=;=
!
@
#
$

g+=9.3M ;Kt/L lhNnfsf] jg clts|d0fsf]

Uff=lj=;=
x/lbof uf=lj=; sf] e]l8of
dn]7
vf]hk'/
bf]ntk'/
hDdf
;|f]tM lhNnf jg sfo{fno, ;Kt/L, @)&!

ljj/0f
If]qkmn
@#=&% x]=
!) x]=
)=@% x]
#=%)
#&=%)

s}lkmot

(=@jg ;+/If0f tyf h}ljs ljljwtf

k[YjLdf jf s'g} ef}uf]lns If]qdf /xg] ljz]if hLjg hutsf] ljljwtf Pj+ leGgtf g} h}ljs
ljljwtf xf] . o;df s'g} klg hLjhGt', ;'IdhLjf0f', jg:klt Pj+ ltgLx?sf] hLjgz}nL tyf
jftfj/0fLo sfo{ k|0ffnL ;dfj]z x'G5 . o; lhNnfdf ljutdf k|sflzt aflif{s k'l:tsf,
k|rf/k|;f/ ;fdfu|L, h}laslalawtf af/] k|sflzt n]v /rgf cWoog u/]/ h}ljs ljljwtfsf]
cj:yf tyf l:ytL kQf nufOPsf] lyof] ;fy} :ynut lgl/If0f cjnf]sg Pj+ jg ;DaGwL
hfgsf/L /fVg] ;DaGwLt If]qsf u|fld0f ;d'bfosf :yfgLo a'9fkfsf, uf]7fnfx?;+u hfgsf/L lnO{
lhNnfdf h}ljs ljljwtfsf] cj:yfsf] cWoog Pj+ hfgsf/L ktf nufO{Psf] lyof] . cWoog Pj+
k|fKt hfgsf/L cg';f/ o; lhNnfdf pi0f b]lv ;dlztf]i0f (Tropicalto Sub-Tropical Climate)
df x'g] laleGgFlora /Faunax? kfO{G5g\ .

151

jGohGt'sf] ;+/If0f, p4f/, Ifltk'lt{ tyf ;'/fsL kl/rfng

jg k}bfjf/sf] rf]/L lgsf;L, ca}w s6fgL lgoGq0f ug{ tyf jGohGt'sf] lzsf/ ug]{ AolQmx?sf]
klxrfg u/L sf/afxL ug{ uf]Ko ?kdf ;'/fsL kl/rfng ul/Fb} cfOPsf] 5 . t/fO{sf dxTjk"0f{
jGohGt'x?sf] af;:yfgsf] ?kdf /x]sf] t/fO{sf] jgdf jGohGt'sf] lzsf/ ug]{, ks|fp ug]{
sfo{nfO{ lgoGq0f ug{ k|To]s O{nfsfdf ;'/fsL kl/rfng ug]{ ul/Psf] 5 . rf]/L lzsf/Lx?nfO{
kqmg hf]lvd / hl6n x'g] ePsf]n] o;sf] nflu cleo'Qmx?nfO{ kqmfp u/Lu/fO{ sfg"gL
bfo/fdf Nofpgsf] nflu ;'/fsLsf] ;xof]u klg lng] ul/Psf] 5 . 3fO{t], 6'x'/f tyf d[t
jGohGt'sf] Aoa:yfkg, jGoGt'af6 x'g] Iflt afkt\ /fxtsf] Aoa:yf ;d]t ul/Fb} cfPsf] 5 .
(=#jg k}bfjf/sf] dfu tyf cfk"lt{ l:ylt
;Kt/L lhNnfdf ;fd'bflos jg cGtu{t efj/sf] ;fn jg / t/fO{sf] ktem8 s8f sf7 ldl>t
jgsf] jflif{s ;+sng Ifdtfsf] cj:yf tflnsf g+= (=$ df k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=9.4M jgsf] jflif{s ;+sng Ifdtfsf] cj:yf
jg
k|efjsf/L
If]qkmn
If]qkmn
x]=
x]=

ljj/)F

/fd|f] jg -70
k|ltzt eGbf j(L
554
Ifq #gTj ePsf]_
cf};t jg -40
b]vL 70 k|ltzt
335
Ifq #gTj ePsf]_
cf};t jg -10 b]vL
40 k|ltzt Ifq
179
#gTj ePsf]_
hDdf

jflif{s ;+sng
#=dL=
k|lt jif{

sf&
#=dL=
k|lt jif{

bfp/f
#=dL=
k|lt jif{

400

816

408

408

60% of available MAI

of CF

250

152

76

76

40% of available MAI

of CF

125

24

12

12

40% of available MAI

of CF

992

496

s}lkmot

496

;|f]tM lhNnf jg sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&! c;f/ .

lhNnfsf] u}x| sfi7 ag k}bfjf/sf] Growingstock tyf aflif{s cg'dflgt pTkfbg kl/0ffd ;DjGwL
ljj/0f tflnsf g+= (=% df k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=9.5M u}x| sfi7 jg k}bfjf/sf] Growingstock tyf jflif{s cg'dflgt pTkfbg kl/df0f
qm=;=
1
2
3
4

hft
vo/
a]n
l;sfO{
;tfj/L

Growing Stock

OsfO{
So=lkm=
lsnf]
SjLG^n
lsnf]

442000
45200
175
6500
152

aflif{s cg'dflgt
pTkfbg
4420
28400
110
4500

qm=;=
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
13
14

hft
cdnf
j/f]{
x/f]{
/fha[If
lgd
wu]+/f]
lkkn
ef]nf{ kft
cld[;f]

Growing Stock

OsfO{
lsnf]
lsnf]
lsnf]
lsnf]
lsnf]
lsnf]
lsnf
lsnf]
ef/L

5500
34000
1800
850
900
400
150
124900
1200

aflif{s cg'dflgt
pTkfbg
3550
350
500
500
250
60
50
48300
650

;|f]tM lhNnf jg sfof{no, ;Kt/L @)&! c;f/

v= 9'f, luL, afn'jf
jg P]g@)$( / jg lgodfjnL@)%! tyf cfly{s sfo{ljlw P]g@)%% / cfly{s k|zf;g
;DaGwL lgodfjnL@)%^ cg';f/ h+un If]q leq /x]sf] 9'+uf, lu6L, jfn'jf jg sfo{non]
7]Ssfkf tyf cdfgtaf6 ;+sng ug{ u/fpg ;lsg] k|fjwfg x'Fbfx'Fb} :yfgLo :jfoQzf;g P]g
@)%% af6 lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltn] klg 7]Ssf nufpg] u/]sf] x'Fbf jg sfof{no / lhNnf ljsf;
;ldlt aLr laafb eO{ 9'+uf, lu6L, jfn'jfsf] Aojl:yt ;+sng / /fhZj ;+sngdf c;/ kl//x]sf]
5 . o; lhNnfsf] jg If]q eP/ aUg] k|d'v !@ j6f gbL tyf vf]nf gfnfjf6 tkl;n adf]lhdsf]
tflnsf g+= (=^ df pNn]v eP cg';f/sf] kl/df0fdf 9'+uf ,lul6 tyf afn'jf ;+sng ug{ ;lsg]
cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=9.6M 9'f, luL, tyf jfn'jf jflif{s ?kdf lgsfNg ;lsg] ljj/0f
qm=;= vf]nfsf] gfd
kl/df0f -3=ld=_ xhf/df
9'f, luL
jfn'jf
! jnfg
!)))
%))
@ rflkg
!))
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!))
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( ;'Gb/L
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#))
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!@ n+s]Zj/ vf]nf
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153

s}lkmot

hDdf
$@))
;|f]tM lhNnf jg sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&!

#)))

dfly pNn]lvt kl/df0f ptm vf]nfgfnf sf] :ynut lgl/If0f tyf cg'ejL JolQmx?sf] cGt/ls|of
tyf ljut aif{x?sf] cg'ejsf] cwf/df lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] 5 .
dfly pNn]lvt kl/df0f ptm vf]nf gfnf sf] :ynut lgl/If0f cg'ejL JolQmx?sf] cGt/ls|of
tyf ljut aif{x?sf] cg'ejsf] cwf/df lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] 5 . ;/sf/4f/f Jojl:yt agaf6 aflif{s
?kdf lgsfNg ;lsg] sf7sf] ljj/0f ;DjGwL tYo tflnsf g+= (=& df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=+ 9.7M ;/sf/f/f Jojl:yt jgjf6 aflif{s ?kdf lgsfNg ;lsg] sf7sf] ljj/0f
jgsf] lsl;d
hDdf
kxf8sf] ;fn jg
@$(=^
kxf8sf] ldl>t s8f sf7sf] jg
@@$
kxf8sf] ldl>t vo/sf] jg
))
t/fOsf] ;fnsf] jg
))
t/fO{sf] ktem/ ldl>t jg
))
vo/sf] jg
))
hDdf
$&#=%)
lhNNff jg sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&!
x:tfGgtl/t ;a} ;d'bflos jgx? af6 sf7 bfp/f pTkfbg x'g] cj:yf g/x]sf] x'bf x:tfGgtl/t
!@& ;d'bflos jg dWo hDdf %) j6f ;d'bflos jgx? af6 sf7 bfp/f pTkfbg x'g] u/]sf] x'bf
;f]xL cwf/df aflifs #) xhf/ So'=lkm= sf7 tyf !)) rf bfp/f pTkfbg x'g ;sg] b]lvG5 .r'/]
If]q sf] ;fd'bflos jg jf6 sf6 bfp/f ;+sng ubf{ ;'v8 vf8f 9nfkf/f ?vx? dfq ;+sng
ug' sf] ;fy} hl8a'6L tyf cGo jg k}bfjf/ pTkfbg x'g] ;Defjgf Go'g /x]sf] 5 .
o; lhNnfdf /x]sf] jg If]qsf] x}l;ot v/fa /x]sf] x'bf s ju{sf] ?vsf] dfqf Hofb} sd /x]sf] 5
. v / u ju{sf] ?vaf6 sf7 tyf bfp/f ;+sng ug'{ kg]{ cj:yf /x]sf] x'bf ;/b/ sf7 /
bfp/fsf] kl/df0f a/fa/L /xg uPsf] 5 ./fli6o=jgaf6 aflif{s ?kdf pTkfbg x'g ;Sg] hl8a'6L
sf] kl/df0f tflnsf g+= (=* df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
Tfflnsf g+=9.8M /fli6o=jgaf6 aflif{s ?kdf pTkfbg x'g ;Sg] hl8a'6L sf] kl/df0f
l;=g+=
hft
OsfO{
aflif{s pTkfbg
!
vo/
So"= lkm=
)
@
a]n
lsnf]
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#
l;sfsfO{
lsnf]
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154

l;=g+=
hft
%
cdnf
^
j//f]]
&
x//f]
lhNNff jg sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&!

OsfO{
lsnf]
lsnf]
lsnf]

aflif{s pTkfbg
!@%
%)
%)

dfly pNn]lvt kl/df0f >f]t ;j]{If0f , :yfgLo af;LGbfx? ;d'bflos jg pkef]utf ;d'x ;+u
5nkmn , cGt/ls|of tyf utljut of]hgfsf] sfo{jog sf] cg'ej sf] cfwf/df k|:t't ul/Psf]
5 . h8La'6L ;ng ubf{ lgDg s'/fdf Wofg lbO{g] 5 .
r=cGo jg k}bfjf/
o; lhNnfdf l;ldt dfqfdf hl8a'6Lx? /fli6o jgIf]qaf6 ;+sng eO{ lgsf;L x'g] u/]sf] kfO{Psf]
5 . lghL cfjfbL, lghL jg, ;fd'bflos jgsf] vfnL klt{ hUufdf hl8a'6L v]lt u/L lgsf;L
ul//x]sf] kfO{Psf] 5}g . o; lhNnfsf] jgIf]qaf6 sf7, bfp/f, hl8a'6L h:tf d'Vo jg k}bfjf/sf
cltl/Qm cld|;f], afF; cfbL klg ;+sng Pj+ lgsf;L x'g] x'bfF of] rfn' sfo{of]hgfsf] cjwLdf
lgDgfg';f/sf] u}|x sfi7 jg k}bfjf/ aflif{s ?kdf ;+sng ug{ ;lsg] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 -tflnsf
g+= (=(_ .
tflnsf g+=9.9M cGo jg k}bfj/ ;+sngsf] ;+efJotf
qm=;+=

jg k}bfjf/sf] hft

O{sfO{

aflif{s ?kdf ;+sng

ug{ ;lsg] kl/df0f
!%,)))
!),)))
@%)
@%,)))

s}lkmot

!
cld|;f]
d'7f
@
afF;
uf]6f
#
Jfljof]
ef/L
$
Ef]fnf{sf] kft
lsnf]
;|f]tM lhNnf jg sfof{no, ;Kt/L, @)&!
Dffly pNn]lvt kl/df0f ptm sfo{df ;DnUg ;+sng stf{;+usf] cGt/lqmof tyf ljut sf] cg'ej
sf] cwf/df lg/wf{/0f ul/Psf] 5 .
(=$jg pTkfbg tyf ;fd'bflos ;xeflutf

;fd'bflos jg pkef]Stf ;d'xx?

;Kt/LlhNNffdf cf=j )^*)^( ;Dddf hDdf !@* j6f ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Stf ;d"xx? !@^$$^ hg;FVof ;d]l6Psf]_ u7g eO{ lt ;d"xx?nfO{ !&$$!=^* x]S6/ jg If]q ;+/If0f,
Joj:yfkg ug{ x:tfGt/0f e} ;s]sf] 5 . o;af6 #!@&% 3/w'/L nfeflGjt ePsf 5g\ .
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155

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lgdf{0f ubf{ >[hgf x'g] /f]huf/, jg k}bfjf/df cfwfl/t n3' pBf]u tyf kmlg{r/xsf] ;+rfng
x'Fbf >[hgf x'g] /f]huf/, u}x|sfi7 jg k}bfjf/ tyf h8La'6Lxsf] ;+sng, laqmL ljt/0f / ltgdf
cfwfl/t pBf]usf] ;+rfngaf6 x'g] /f]huf/sf] >[hgf, vf]6f] ;+sng tyf vf]6f]df cfwfl/t pBf]u
;+rfngaf6 >[lht /f]huf/ tyf g;{/L ;+rfng / ;d"xn] ;fd'bflos jgsf] ;+/If0fsf] nflu
x]/fn'sf] kdf jgkfn]sf] >[hgf u/L /f]huf/ lbPsf] cflbnfO{ klg cfwf/sf] kdf lng ;lsG5 .
t;y{ sfo{of]hgfdf pNn]lvt laleGg sfo{qmdx sfof{Gjogsf k|s[ofdf hfFbf k|ltjif{ lgDg
cg';f/sf] /f]huf/ ->dlbg_ >[hgf x'g] cg'dfg ug{ ;lsG5 .
(=%u|fld0f jftfj/0f l:ylt
lhNNff e";+/If0f sfof{Nfo ;Kt/Lsf cg';f/ e";+/If0f ;DjGwL ljut kfFr jif{df ;DkGg ePsf
d'Vo d'Vo sfo{x? b]xfoadf]lhd tflnsf g+= (=!$ df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=9.14 M e";+/If0f ;DaGwL d'Vo d'Vo sfo{x? -ljut %jif{sf]_
qm=;=
065
066

sfo{qmd

;+Vof

jfof]O{lGh= vf]nf lsgf/ ;+/If)f

gbL psf; hUuf ;+/If)f ;b'kof]u
;+/If)f kf]v/L Kofs]h sfo{s|d
;lj{ If]q ;'bf/ Pjd\ ljsf; sfo{s|d
l;+rfO{ s'nf] ;+/If)f
v]taf/L ;+/If)f
Iflt u|:t e"dL k'gM?Tyfg
kmnkm'n#f;hl*a'l^ lj?jf ljt/)f
kfgL d"xfg ;+/If)f
lj?jf pTkGgljt/)f -xhf/df_
ljkGg ju{sf] nfuL cfod"ns ;+/If)f sfo{s|d
;fem]bf/L e";+/IF)f sfo{s|d

163

2 ls=ld=
4 ;d"x
3 :yfg
1 :yfg
15 ls=ld=
8 x]S^/
5 x]S^/
2 ;d"x
1 uf]^F
50 uf]^F
30 #/w'/L
6 :yfg

;+/If)f ePsf]
hnfwf/ If]q

rflkg,
kmflk,
b]jwf/, b'w}nf,
#f]*bx,
lzz'jf/L
pkhnfwf/
If]qx?

If]qkmn

12 x]S^/
8 x]S^/
4 x]S^/
1 x]S^/
20 x]S^/
8 x]S^/
5 x]S^/
5 x]S^/
20 x]S^/
2 x]S^/
6 x]S^/

qm=;=

sfo{qmd

;+Vof

066. 067 jfof]O{lGh= vf]nf lsgf/ ;+/If)f

;+/If)f kf]v/L;j]{ If]q tfn tn}of ;+/If)f

gbL psf; hUuf ;+/If)f ;b'kof]u
l;+rfO{ s"nf] ;+/IF)F
s[lif jg d}lq v]tjf/L ;+/If)f
Iflt u|:t e"dL k'gM?Tyfg
kfgL d"xfg ;+/If)f
kmnkm'n#f; lj?jf ljt/)f
lj?jf pTkGgljt/)f -xhf/df_
ljkGg ju{sf] nfuL cfod"ns sfo{s|d
;fem]bf/L e';+/IF)f sfo{s|d
067. 068 uN%L pkrf/

jfof]O{lGh= vf]nf lsgf/ ;+/If)f

kfgL d"xfg ;+/If)f s'jf pTvgg
;+/If)f kf]v/L;j]{ If]q tfn tn}of ;+/If)f
/g ckm xfe]{li^ *\ofd
s[lif jg d}lq v]tjf/L ;+/If)f
Iflt u|:t e"dL k'gM?Tyfg
gbL psf; hUuf ;+/If)f ;b'kof]u
kmnkm'n#f; lj?jf ljt/)f
ljkGg ju{sf] nfuL cfod"ns sfo{s|d
lj?jf pTkGgljt/)f
l;+rfO{ s"nf] ;+/IF)F
;fem]bf/L e";+/IF)f sfo{s|d
068. 069 uN%L pkrf/

jfof]O{lGh= vf]nf lsgf/ ;+/If)f

kfgL d"xfg ;+/If)f s'jf pTvgg
;+/If)f kf]v/L;j]{ If]q tfn tn}of ;+/If)f
s[lif jg d}lq v]tjf/L ;+/If)f
Iflt u|:t e"dL k'gM?Tyfg
gbL psf; hUuf ;+/If)f Pjd\ ;b'kof]u
kmnkm'n#f; lj?jf ljt/)f
lj?jf pTkGgljt/)f -xhf/df_
;+rfO{ s"nf] ;+/IF)F
;fem]bf/L e" ;+/IF)f sfo{s|d
;+/If)f cleofg r'/]b]lv 10 uHhf ;Dd
ljkGg ju{sf] nfuL cfod"ns sfo{s|d
;+/If)f ^\]lGr *fOe;{g afw lgdf{)f
k|fs[lts k|sf]k /f]syfd-/g ckm xfe]{li^ *\ofd_

164

;+/If)f ePsf]
hnfwf/ If]q

8 ls=ld=
4 :yfg
8 ;d"x
4 ls=ld=
10 x]S^/
10 x]S^/
4 uf]^f
15 ;d"x
50 uf]^f
80 #/w'/L
6 :yfg

;Gb/L,
v*u,
vf*f],
lzz'jf/L,
b'w}nf,
kmfkL,
b]jwf/,
dx'nL
vf]nf,
dx'nL,
#f]/bx
pkhnfwf/
If]qx?

1uf]^f
7 ls=ld=
8 uf]^
7 uf]^f
2 uf]^f
10 x]S^/
7 x]S^/
7 ;d"x
15 ;d"x
100 #w'
40 xhf/
4 ls=ld=
11 :yfg

#f]*bx, kmfkL,
b]jwf/,
lzz'jf/L,
b'w}nf, ;'Gb/L,
vf*f]
pkhnfwf/
If]qx?

1 uf]^f
8 ls=ld=
3 uf]^f
9 :yfg
10 x]S^/
10 x]S^/
6 ;d"x
15 ;d"x
50 uf]^f
5 ls=ld=
8 uf]^f
1 Kofs]h
80 #/w'/L
2 :yfg
3 :yfg

dx'nL, ;'Gb/L,
kmfkL,
rflkg,
vf*f],
kf}*f,
#f]/bx,
cd;f]b, dx'nL
vf]nf,
b'w}nf
vf]nf
pkhnfwf/
IF]qx?

If]qkmn

97 x]S^/
31.2 x]S^/
60 x]S^/
50 x]S^/
16 x]S^/
10 x]S^/
2 x]S^/
15 x]S^/
20 x]S^/
15.4
x]S^/
20 x]S^/
3 x]S^/
20 x]S^/
2 x]S^/
20 x]S^/
5 x]S^/
10 x]S^/
15 x]S^/
69=5x]S^/
16 x]S^/
8 x]S^/
16 x]S^/
410
x]S^/
40 x]S^/
10 x]S^/
60 x]S^/
3 x]S^/
16=5
x]S^/
10 x]S^/
10 x]S^/
37 x]S^/
15 x]S^/
16 x]S^/
225 x]S^/
45 x]S^/
37 x]S^/
4 x]S^/
65 x]S^/
26 x]S^/

qm=;=

069.
070

sfo{qmd

;+Vof

uN%L klx/f] pkrf/

jfof]O{lGh= vf]nf lsgf/ ;+/If)f
kfgL d"xfg ;+/If)f s'jf pTvgg
;+/If)f kf]v/L;j]{ If]q tfn tn}of ;+/If)f
s[lif jg d}lq v]tjf/L ;+/If)f
Iflt u|:t e"dL k'gM?Tyfg
gbL psf; hUuf ;+/If)f Pjd\ ;b'kof]u
kmnkm'n#f; lj?jf ljt/)f
lj?jf pTkGgljt/)f -xhf/df_
;+rfO{ s"nf] ;+/IF)F
;fem]bf/L e" ;+/IF)f sfo{s|d
;fgf hnfwf/ k|bz{g ljsf; Pjd\ Jo= Kofs]h
sfo{s|d sf]zL a]l;g
ljkGg ju{sf] nfuL cfod"ns sfo{s|d
;+/If)f ^\]lGr *fOe;{g afw lgdf{)f
/]gkmn tyf /g ckm xfe]{li^ *\ofd

hDDff

2 uf]^f
5 ls=ld=
1 uf]^f
6 uf]^f
10 x]S^/
10 x]S^/
10 ;d'x
15 ;d'x
50 uf]^f
3 ls=ld=
5 :yfg
1 :yfg
40 #/w'/L
1 :yfg
2 uf]^f

;+/If)f ePsf]
hnfwf/ If]q

bfg/
vf]nf,
lzz'jf/L,
anfg, ;'Gb/L,
dx'nL,
kf}*f
vf]nf,
vf*f],
u+ufhnL, kmfkL
vf]nf
pkhnfwf/
If]qx?

If]qkmn

10 x]S^/
23 x]S^/
8=5 x]S^/
10 x]S^/
10 x]S^/
31 x]S^/
15=2x]S^
20 x]S^/
125 x]S^/
16 x]S^/
15 x]S^/
1 x]S^/
2 x]S^/
5 x]S^/
1962.10
x]=

;|f]tM lhNNff e";+/If0f sfof{Nfo, ;Kt/L, @)&!

(=%=! lhNnfsf] k|d'v ;\s6f;Ggtf
ljkb\sf] b[li6sf]0fn] ;Kt/L lhNnf klg hf]lvddf /x]sf] lhNnf xf] . vf; u/L ljleGg glbx?af6
x'g] s6fg / e"Ifo o; lhNnfsf d"Vo jftfj/0fLo ;d:ofx? x'g eGg ;lsG5 . tflnsf g+= df
lbOPsf] e"Ifo jf s6fgsf k|d'v sf/0fx? / o;af6 k|efljt uflj;x?n] o; s'/fsf] k'li6 ub{5
.e"Ifos6fgsf sf/0f k|efljt uflj;x?sf] ljj/0f tflnsf g+= (=!% df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=9.15Me"Ifo s6fgsf sf/0f k|efljt uflj;x?M
qm=;=
!
@
#
$
%=
^=
&

e"Ifosf sf/0f
k|efljt uf=lj=;=x?
r'/] If]qdf x'g] jg ljgf; kmQ]k'/, w/dk'/, e+uxf, xlb{of, sdnk'/, 7]lnof, sNof0fk'/,
/ e":vng
lkk|fklZrd, 3f]3gk'/, asw'jf, vf]hk'/, ?kgu/, h08f}n, l;tfk'/,
gsl6/fok'/, vf]S;/k|jfxf, s'zxf, dw'kl6, bf}ntk'/
sf]zLgbLaf6 x'g] s6fg
cf]b|fxf, sdnk'/,3f]3gk'/, lkk|fk"j hutk'/, abufdf, a}/jf, kf]tf{xf,
ef/bx, hf]lulgofF !, @, uf]j/uf9f, xg'dfggu/ O{g?jf, sf]a/;fO{g /
/Dk'/f dlNxlgofF
lqo'ufaf6 x'g] s6fg
kmQ]k'/ / cf]b|fxf
;'Gb/L vf]nfaf6 x'g] s6fg w/dk'/, 7]lnof, ?kgu/, a/dlemof
dx'nL vf]nfaf6 x'g] s6fg asw'jf, nf]xh/f, 7]lnof, h08f}n, d}gfs8]/L, lqsf}n, a/dlemof,
a}/jf, kf]tf{xf,
vfF8f] vf]nfaf6 x'g] s6fg vf]S;/ k|jfxf, gs6L /fok'/, t]/xf}tf, a;lj6L, xl/x/k'/, lb3jf,
ks/L, /fhlj/fh !), dxb]jf, km;}{7, b]p/Le?jf, aegufdfs6L,
lj;xl/of, nf}lgofF, ltnf7L, , ;s/k'/f, nfnfk6L
v8s vf]nfaf6 x'g] s6fg ag/e'mnf, sNof0fk'/, d}gf;x;|jfx', g]+u\8f, Og?jf k'mnjl/of,
165

af]b]a/;fO{g, agf}nL, dfg/fhf, sljnf;f, v8sk'/, kftf], t/xL,

cf}/xL, e"txL
lkk|fklZrd, xlb{of, bf}ntk'/, dw'k6L, xl/k'/, dnxgdf, l6s'lnof,
k6]jf{, dnxlgof, df}x'jf, j]NxL,
a;njnk'/, zDe'gfy, kTy/uf9f, cgf{xf, udxl/of, k|jfxf
s6}of, kTy/uf9f, j]NxL rk]gf, g3f]{
hd'gLdw]k'/f, dn]sk'/, af]l/of, l;d|xfl;Uof}g, O6x/L lj;gk'/,
l5Ggd:tf
/fhlj/fh g=kf=, lj;xl/of, O{6x/L lj;gk'/

anfg vf]nfaf6 x'g] s6fg

(
!)
!!

sh/f vf]nfaf6 x'g] s6fg

d'tgL vf]nfaf6 x'g] s6fg
3f]8bx vf]nfaf6 x'g]
s6fg
en'jfxL vf]nfaf6 x'g]
s6fg
u+ufhnL vf]nfaf6 x'g] sdnk'/, cf]b|fxf, 3f]3gk'/
s6fg
lhtf vf]nfaf6 x'g] s6fg aegufdfs6L, xg'dfggu/, Og?jf, sf]=a/;fO{g, /Dk'/fdNxlgof,
sf]O{nf8L
;'/+uf vf]nfaf6 x'g] s6fg s';xf, xl/k'/, l6s'lnof, k6]jf{
Kf}f8f vf]nfaf6 x'g] s6fg 3f]3gk'/, lkk|fk"j{
ljx'n vf]nfaf6 x'g] s6fg k6]jf{, dNxlgofF, /fdgu/, /f}tx6
kfFrL vf]nfaf6 x'g] s6fg a;jnk'/, /fdk'/, hd'jf, cgf{xf, agf}nL, sljnf;f, kftf]
cdxf vf]nfaf6 x'g] s6fg k+;]/f, dnxgjf, k6]jf{, dnxlgof, ag/e'mnf, l;:jfj]NxL

!@
!#
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;|f]tM lhNnf hf]lvd kfZj{lrq, ;Kt/L, @)&) -ck|sflzt_

(=%=@ ljkbsf] P]ltxfl;s ;do /]vf
;d'bfonfO{ To; uflj;df ljut %) jif{ b]lv s'g s'g ljkbsf 36gfx? 36] / To;n] sfxf+ slt
Iflt u/of] egL ;f]lwPsf] / d'Vo d'Vo ljkbsf 36gfx? dfq o;df /flvPsf] 5 . lj:t[t ljj/0f
uflj;af6 ;+sng ul/Psf] ;"rgfdf /x]sf] 5 . ljkb\sf] P]ltxfl;s ;do /]vf ;DjGwL hfgsf/L
tflnsf g++= (=!^ df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=9.16M ljkb\sf] P]ltxfl;s ;do /]vf
qm=
;+=
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j/fj/sf] Iflt
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ePsf]
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d[To', 3fOt], Iflt u|:t 3/, afnLgfnL, k|efljt kl/jf/, lj:yflkt kl/jf/, Iflt ePsf] ef}lts ;DklQ
?= Ifltu|:t v]tLof]Uo e"ld cGo ;fdflhs k|efj_

166

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167

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v8]/L, af9L, cfunfuL, dxfdf/L, lztnx/n] o; lhNnfnfO{ pRr ?kdf k|efj kfg{ ;Sg] k|sf]ksf]
?kdf lnOG5 . ljutsf] P}ltxfl;s ljj/0faf6 klg o; lhNnf oL k|sf]kx?n] 7'nf] Iflt k'/ofPsf]
kfOG5 . cfly{s ;+s6f;Gg6fsf] ;Gb{edf o; lhNnfdf !&*#! 3/w'/L clt ljkGg / !$&@&
3/w'/L ljkGg /x]sf] 5 . ljkGg kl/jf/ ;+u k|sf]ksf] ;fdgf ug{ ;Sg] Ifdtf sd x'g] ePsf]n] oL
3/w'/Lx? ax'k|sf]ksf] pRr hf]lvddf /x]sf 5g\ . u/LjL,hgr]tgfsf] sdL, cJojl:yt j;f]jf;,
k|fs[lts >f]tsf] clwstd bf]xg, jg ljgf;, gbL, vf]nfgfnfsf] lsgf/sf] cltqmd0f, hf]lvd
Go"lgs/0f ug]{ ;+/rgfx?sf] lgdf{0f gx'g', sdhf]/ ;'zf;g hf]lvdnfO{ a9fpg] sf/s tTjsf]
?kdf o; lhNnfdf /x]sf] kfOG5 .
(=^hnfwf/sf] cj:yf
lhNnf e";+/If0f sfof{noaf6 k|fKt x'g afFsL
(=& af9L, k}/f], x'/L atf;, af6 ;+efljt hf]lvdsf] cj:yf
;Kt/L lhNnfdf ljz]if u/]/ v8]/L, af9L, cfunfuL, dxfdf/L, lztnx/, xfjfx'/L, hgfj/ cft+s
h:tf k|sf]kx? /x]sf] / o;n] jif]{gL w]/} wghgsf] Iflt u/]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . hf]lvd gSzf /
To;af6 lnOPsf] ;"rgf cg';f/ v8]/Lsf] hf]lvddf %^ j6f uflj; pRr hf]lvddf /x]sf] 5 eg]
@^ j6f uflj; k|efljt x'g] b]lvG5 . *@ uflj;sf @@,*!( 3/w'/L / !,@@,!^& hg;+Vof
k|efljt x'g ;Sg] kfOG5 . af9L o; lhNnfsf] bf]>f] 7'nf] k|sf]ksf] ?kdf /x]sf] 5. hf]lvd gSzf
/ To;af6 lnOPsf] ;"rgf cg';f/ af9Lsf] hf]lvddf #& j6f uflj; pRr hf]lvddf /x]sf 5g\
eg] ## uflj; ;fgf]7'nf] ?kdf k|efljt x'g] b]lvG5 . &) uflj;sf $),)$* 3/w'/L /
!,&),*@^ hg;+Vof k|efljt x'g ;Sg] kfOG5 . o;} u/]/ af9Laf6 @^%)^ ljufxf hUufhldg, ^)
j6f ljwfno, #! j6f :jf:Yo rf}sL, @@ j6f vfg]kfgLsf ;+/rgfx? / #@ j6f l;+rfO{sf
;+/rgfx? hf]lvdf kg{ ;Sg] kfOPsf] 5 . ljleGg k|sf]kaf6 k|efljt uflj;x? ;DjGwL ljj/0f
tflnsf g+= (=!& df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .

168

tflnsf g+=9.17M ljleGGf k|sf]kaf6 k|efljt uflj;x?

qm=; k|sf]k

klxnf] k|fyldstf
:t/Ls/0fdf
k/]sf] uflj;

uflj;sf] gfd

k|efljt
uflj;x?

!=a]NxL rk]gf @=udl/of kjf{x #= km'nsfxL $=

Ogjf{ km'njl/of %= d]n7k'/ ^= kTy/uf9f &=
z+e'gfy *= cf}/xL (= j|xdk'/ !)= wgu9L !!=
em'6sL !@= g3f]{ !#= l;:jf j]NxL !$= cgf{xf !%=
agf}nf !^= agf}nL !&= hd'gL dWok'/f !*=
nfnfkl6\6 !(= k6]{jf @)= xl/k'/ @!= sNof0fk'/
@@= vf]hk'/ @#= kG;]/f @$= eujtk'/ @%= 808f
@^= l8dg @&= e+ufxf @*= dx'jf @(= l;tfk'/ #)=
t]/xf}tf #!= O6x/L ljifgk'/ #@= b]p/L ##= sfrg
#$= dn]7 #%= km;]{7 #^= /f}txt #&= ag/em'nf
#*= a;jnk'/ #(= s';fxf $)= dw'kl6\6 $!=
l6s'lnof $@= jf]w] j;f{Og $#= jf]l/of $$= kmls/f
$%= d}gf ;x;|ax' $^= ;f/:j/ $&= t/xL $*=
nf]xhf/f $*= ?kgu/ %)= uf]O7L %!= v8sk'/
%@= xlb{of %#= j;ljl6\6 %$= bf}ntk'/ %%=
dNxlgof %^= k|;jgL
!= kftf] @= sljnf;f #= /fdk'/ hd'jf $= jSw'jf
%= h08f}n ^= nf}lgof &= 7]lnof *= dNxGjf (=
DfWok'/ !)= kf]tf{xf !!= xl/x/k'/ !@= df]xgk'/ !#=
lkk|f klZrd !$= g]uf8f !%= hf]lulgof @ !^=
s6}of !&= vf]S;/ k|jfx !*=sf]Onf8L !(=
/fhlj/fh g=kf=
@)= a/dlemof @!=s+rgk'/ @@= cf]b|fxf @#=
b]p/Le?Jff @$= lj;xl/of @%= uf]j/uf9f @^=
dfxfb]jf @&= a]NxL @*= xg'dfggu/ @(= lb3jf
#)= kmQ]k'/ #!= ltnf7L #@= ;s/k'/f ##= /fdk'/
dNxflgof #$= d}gfs8]/L #%= sf]j/;fOg #^= ks/L
#&= w/dk'/
!= a/xL lj/k'/ @= aygfxf #= lqsf]n $=
l5Ggd:tf %= hf]lulgof ! ^= l;d|fxf l;Uof]g &=
e'txL *= sf]rfesf/L (= lkk|f k"j{ !)= dfg/fhf
!!= /fok'/
!= abufdf @= 3f]3gk'/ #= hutk'/ $= ef/bx %=
j}/jf ^= sdnk'/

*!

v8]/L

%^

af9L

#&

cfunfuL

!!

h+unL
hgfj/
cfqmd0f
zLtnx/
x'/Latf;

%
^

#
@

!= sf] dWok'/f @= agufef sl6\6 #= Og?jf

!= /fdgu/ @= ag}lgof
169

&)

*@

!&
#^
#$

;|f]tM lhNnf hf]lvd kfZj{lrq, ;Kt/L, @)&) -ck|sflzt_

(=*hnjfo' kl/jt{g ;Da]bglzn gljs/0fLo pmhf{sf] cj:yf
hnjfo' kl/jt{gn] ;Kt/L lhNnfsf] s[lif k|0ffnL tyf kz'kfngdf k|efj kf/]sf] 5 . tfkqmddf
ePsf] j[l4n] afnLgfnL tyf kz'kfng k|efljt eO{ nf]k ;d]t x'b} uPsf 5g\ . k|efljt
afnLgfnLdf d'Vo u/]/ wfg, ux', cfn', bfn, t/sf/L, d;'/, Kofh, abfd, bnxg jfnL /x]sf 5g\
. nf]k x'b} uPsf jfnLgfnLdf eb}of, ;t/fh, gfhLu, rgf, pv', sl/of], sf]bf], d;'/, dx'jf
afudtL wfg, hf}, tf]/L, cgdL wfg, s'/of ds}, jf;dtL h:df v]DtL, 6'df nf]k x'g yfn]sf 5g\
eg] gof+ k|hftLdf ;f]gf dG;'nL, sfG5L dG;'nL, ! jf;dtL st/gL, xlbgfy, ;fOnL, c/df, dnf,
t/x/f, s]/fp, sk'/gL, ^) wfg nfnu'nfj h:tf wfg tyf cGo cGffhx?sf] k|of]u x'g yfn]sf] 5.
To:t} hnjfo' kl/jt{gn] kz'k+l5x?df 3f]8f, p+6, xflQ, b];L e};LufO{, u}8f, uwf, lrn, rf]rf,
af3, efn', j+b]n, d[u, cgf{, nf]sn jfVff| ;+s6df 5 eg] h;L{ ufO{ e};L, pGgt hftsf s'v'/f
qm;af6 pTkfbg ePsf pGgt hftsf kz'x?, afu/ jfVf|fx? gof+ k|of]udf cfpg yfn]sf 5g\ .

170

10.

v08!)M;+:yfut ;|f]t tyf Ifdtf

!)=!ljlQo ;|f]t tyf Ifdtf ljZn]if0f

o; v08df ;Kt/L lhNnfdf ;/sf/L lgsfox? / :yfgLo lgsfox?sf] cfDbfgL tyf vr{ ;DjGwL
ljj/0fx? ljZn]if0f ug]{ k|of; ul/Psf] 5 . o; ljZn]if0fn] ljut aif{x?df o; lhNnfdf
cfGt/Ls /fhZj kl/rfng, g]kfn ;/sf/sf] cg'bfg / :yfgLo :t/df ljleGg lgsfox? dfkm{t
ePsf] vr{sf] k|a[lQsf] t'ngfTds cWoog ug{ ;xof]u k'ofpFb5 .
!)=!=! ;/sf/L
;Kt/L lhNNffdf sfo{/t ljleGg ;/sf/L sfof{nox?sf] zLif{sut / sfof{nout /fhZj ;+sng
;DjGwL ljj/0f o; efudf ljZn]if0f ul/Psf] 5 . ljut kfFr jif{sf] k|j[lQ ljZn]if0f ug]{ sf]lz;
ul/Ptf klg sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{noaf6 Ps cfly{s jif{sf] dfq ;"rgf pknJw x'g
;s]sf]n] cf=a= @)^(&) sf] ljlQo ;|f]t ;DjGwL ljj/0f dfq oxfF k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
-s_ zLif{sut /fhZj ;+sngsf] l:ylt
cf=a= @)^(/&) df ;Kt/L lhNnfdf lzif{sut ?kdf ;+sng ePsf] /fhZj ;DjGwL lj:t[t
ljj/0f tflnsf g+= !)=! M df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . pQm jif{df ljleGg lzif{s cGt/ut ?= @*
s/f]8 #( nfv ^ xhf/ $ ;o $! / k};f ^@ ;+sng ePsf] b]lvG5 .
tflnsf g+=10.1M zLif{sut /fhZj ;+sngsf] cj:yf -cf=a= @)^(/&)
qm=;=
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18

sfof{nosf] gfd
Psnf}6L kmd{ tyf AolQmut cfodf nfUg] s/
kfl/>lds s/
kF"hLut nfe s/
lgsfosf] d'gfkmfdf nfUg] s/ ;/sf/L ;+:yfg
lgsfosf] d'gfkmfdf nfUg] s/ klAns ln= sDkgL
lgsfosf] d'gfkmfdf nfUg] s/ k|fO{e]6 lnld6]8 sDkgL
lgsfosf] d'gfkmfdf nfUg] s/ cGo ;+:yf
k"hLut nfe s/ lgsfo
;DklQ jxfn tyf k6\6f jfktsf] cfodf nfUg] s/
Jofhdf nfUg] s/
nfef+;df nfUg] s/
cfsl:ds nfe s/
cGo cfodf nfUg] s/
kfl/>ldsdf cfwfl/t ;fdflhs ;'/Iff s/
3/hUuf /lhi6]zgdf nfUg] s/
d'No clea[l4 s/ pTkfbg
d'No clea[l4 s/ cfoft
d'No clea[l4 s/ a:t' laqmL / ljt/0f
171

s'n /fhZj -?=_

22324245.39
12155493.43
26100.00
55277.36
10279293.00
3431766.80
210000.00
1368046.00
2021983.06
3178355.33
425000.00
294216.58
27618.75
13960476.12
43243980.000
614138.00
9755955.00
12672251.00

qm=;=

sfof{nosf] gfd

dNo cles[l4 s/ k/fdz{ tyf 7]Ssf

20
d'No clea[l4 s/ ;+rf/ ;]jf, ljdf, xjfO{ p8fg / cGo
21
;'lt{hGo kbfy{
22
cGo cf}Bf]lus pTkfbg
23
cGt z'Ns cfoft
24
:jf:Yo ;]jf s/
25
lzIff ;[jf z'Ns z}lIfs ;+:yf
26
eG;f/ dx;'n cfoft
27
lgof{t ;]jf z'Ns
28
s[lif ;'wf/ z'Ns
29
eG;f ;DjGwL cGo cfo
30
sDkgL /lhi6]zg b:t'/
31
Ph]G;L /lhi6]zg b:t'/
32
xft xltof/sf] Ohfht kq b:t'/
33
;/sf/L ;DklQsf] jfxfnaf6 k|fKt cfo
34
ag tyf agk}bfj/ ljqmLaf6 k|fKtcfo tyf ag /f[oN6L
35
s[lif pTkfbgsf] ljqmLaf6 k|fKt /sd
36
;/sf/ ;DklQsf] ljqmLaf6 k|fKt /sd
37
cGo ljqmLaf6 k|fKt /sd
38
gx/ tyf s'nf] pkof]u jfktsf] z'Ns
39
ljB't ;]jf z'Ns
40 Goflos b:t'/
41
x'nfs ;]jf z'Ns
42
lzIff If]qsf] cfDbfgL
43
kl/Iff z'Ns
44 cGo k|zf;lgs ;]jf z'Ns
45
Goflos b08 h/Ljfgf / hkmt
46
k|zf;lgs 808, h/Ljfgf / hkmt
47
/fxfbfgL z'Ns
48 cGo /fhZj
49 a]?h'
s'n hDdf /sd ?
;|f]tM sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{no, wg'iff, @)&)
19

172

s'n /fhZj -?=_

17698130.50
24238.00
160050.00
2707804.00
106397.00
10000.00
402963.00
24193851.05
11448.00
2912606.00
841000.00
2415545.00
1200.00
232725.00
106782.58
304573.00
1673867.50
473043.00
921687.03
4220.00
8439.25
9124875.65
1667225.00
7927970.00
8433070.00
949305.00
159669.42
4073561.76
41275000.00
3199968.20
15841007.86
283906418.62

-v_ sfof{nout /fhZj ;+sngsf] l:ylt

cf=a= @)^(/&) df ;Kt/L lhNnfdf sfof{nout ?kdf ;+sng ePsf] /fhZj ;DjGwL lj:t[t
ljj/0f tnsf] tflnsf g+= !)=@ df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . pQm jif{df ljleGg ;/sf/L sfof{nox?n]
cGt/ut ?= @* s/f]8 ^$ nfv ^@ xhf/ % ;o / k};f &^ ;+sng ePsf] b]lvG5 .o; ;DjGwL
lj:t[t ljj/0f tflnsf g+= !)=@ df k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=10.2M sfof{nout /fhZj ;+sngsf] cj:yf -cf=a= @)^(&)
qm=;= sfof{nosf] gfd
s'n /fhZj ;+sng ?=
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27

lhNnf cbfnt /fhlj/fh

k''g/fj]]bg cbfnt /fhlj/fh
lhNnf lgjf{rg sfof{no ;Kt/L
/fhlj/fh eG;f/ sfof{no ;Kt/L
s/bftf ;]jf s]Gb|, /fhlj/fh
3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u sfof{no ;Kt/L
lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no ;Kt/L
lhNnf kz' ;]jf sfof{no ;Kt/L
dT:o ljsf; s]Gb|, kmQ]k'/ ;Kt/L
lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no ;Kt/L
sf/fuf/ sfof{no /fhlj/fh ;Kt/L
c~rn ;z:q k|x/L u'Nd /fhlj/fh
lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no ;Kt/L
lhNnf jg sfof{no ;Kt/L
e'ld ;'wf/ sfof{no ;Kt/L
dfnkf]t sfof{no /fhlj/fh
gfkL sfof{no /fhlj/fh
zx/L ljsf; tyf ejg lgdf{0f ljsf;
vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO{ l8lehg sfof{no
s[i0f bn u0f /fhlj/fh
lhNnf lzIff sfof{no /fhlj/fh
k"jf{~rn l;+rfO{ l8lehg g+= $
lhNnf x'nfs sfof{no
lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltsf] sfof{no
lhNnf hg:jf:Yo sfof{no ;Kt/L
afnsNof0f u[x /fhlj/fh
/fli6o cg';Gwfg sfof{no ;Kt/L
173

8,799,934.03
468,008.73
43,241.60
28,943,978.87
115,553,754.23
2,403,203.69
262,644.10
10,832.70
88,660.00
40,324,456.00
87,068.56
5,680.00
1,635,300.00
339,477.00
107,834.18
49,454,420.41
755,016.00
3,344,036.75
202,700.00
264,436.51
22,624,453.00
382,020.00
2,685,856.00
4,946,579.49
229,799.00
27,004.00
317,700.00

qm=;=
28
29
30
31
32
33

sfof{nosf] gfd
;;:q k|x/L an bGtsfnL u0f a/dlemof
sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{no /fhlj/fh
Onfsf k|zf;g sfof{no s~rgk'/ ;Kt/L
sf]zL kDk rGb|gx/ l;+rfO{ Joj:yfkg l8lehg
;;:q k|x/L an ljcf]]kL ltnf7L ;Kt/L
;u/dfyf c~rn c:ktfn
hDdf

s'n /fhZj ;+sng ?=

325,000.00
629,512.37
1,088,852.00
100.00
1,776.54
109,165.00
286,462,500.76

;|f]tM sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{no, wg'iff, @)&)

174

!)=!=@ :yfgLo ;/sf/

lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt, gu/kflnsf / ufpF ljsf; ;ldltx?sf] ljlQo ljj/0fx? oxfF ljZn]if0f ug]{ k|of; ul/Psf] 5 . vf; u/L lhNnf
ljsf; ;ldlt ;Kt/Lsf] ljQLo ljj/0fx? lj:t[t ?kdf k|:t't ug]{ k|of; ul/Psf] 5 h'g tflnsf g+= !)=# df k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g++=10.3M lhlj;sf] aflif{s cfo tyf Joo ljj/0f -?= xhf/df_
qm=;=

2
3

ljj/)f

s]Gb| tkm{sf] rfn"

s]Gb| tkm{sf] k'+hLut
lhlj; sf]if tkm{
ut;fnsf] c=Nof=
;d]t
s'n hDdf

cf=j= 2065/66

cf=j= 2066/67

cf=j= 2067/68

cf=j= 2068/69

cf=j= 2069/70

cfo ?=

Joo ?=

cfo ?=

Joo ?=

cfo ?=

Joo ?=

cfo ?=

Joo ?=

cfo ?=

Joo ?=

186,476

186,476

243,594

243,594

298,765

288,366

555,670

509,105

541,987

1,800

519,078

186,476

208,362

222,839

222,839

200,776

173,942

1,800

186,476

180,703

223,865

167,821

264,327

144,432

158,692

135,111

135,818

131,788

186,476

575,542

690,299

634,255

763,868

606,740

714,362

644,216

679,606

652,666

;|f]tMlhlj;, ;Kt/L, @)&!

ljut kfFr jif{sf] lhlj; ;Kt/Lsf] cfGt/Ls cfosf] cj:yfsf af/]df tflnsf g+= !)=$ df k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g++=10.4M lhlj;sf] cfGt/Ls >f]tsf] cfDbfgL ljj/0f -?= df_
qm=;=
1

2
3
4
5

ljj/)f

utjif{sf] df}Hbft
o;jif{sf] cfDbfgL
hDdf cfDbfgL

hDdf vr{
df}Hbft

cf=j=
2065/66

cf=j=
2066/67

16990614

25708610

44256611

49259877

25708610

20159877

27265997

18548001

cf=j=
2067/68

cf=j=
2068/69
0

cf=j=
2069/70
0

23551267

30278697

24094303

29100000

10897061

18150000

175

30278697
19381636

959701

13280580

24094303

14240281

5944303

4400281

9840000

ljut kfFr jif{sf] ljleGg bft[ lgosfx?n] ;Kt/L lhNnfsf] ljsf;df k'/\ofpb} cfPsf] ;xof]u ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= !)=% df
k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g++=10.5Mljsf; ;fFem]bf/x?sf] ;xof]u -?= df_
qm=;= ljj/0f
1

2
3
4
5

o"lg;]km
o"PgPkmlkP
ef/tLo
/fhb'tfjf;
Pnlhl;l*kL
o"Pgl*lk
hDdf

cf=j=2065/66

8023394

cf=j=2066/67

8107990

61753
14632073

cf=j= 2067/68

1019966
13183193

11557867

cf=j=2068/69

17354774

2484120
22353511

1634553
63281320.75

cf=j= 2069/70

3984211

755174
1399775

19115208

12993832

1028453

22847345

32357185

43632428

37174281

38141066

105215049

38496345

1800000

1869300

717115

97056

ljut kfFr jif{sf] /fhZj afF8kmfF8af6 lhlj; ;Kt/Ln] k|fKt u/]sf] cfo ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= !)=^ df k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g++=10.6M /fhZj afF8kmfF8 ;DjGwL ljj/0f -?= df_
qm=;= ljj/0f
1
/fhZj jf+8kmf+8
2

ljB't ljsf;
hDdf

cf=j=2065/66

39174144

39174144

cf=j=2066/67

30968161

71000

31039161

176

cf=j= 2067/68

22933419

117000

23050419

cf=j=2068/69

24967100
1634553

26601653

cf=j= 2069/70

34557387

62000

34619387

ljut kfFr jif{sf] lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt ;Kt/Lsf] s'n cfo Joj ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= !)=& df k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g++=10.7Mlhlj;sf] s'n cfo tyf Joosf] l:ylt -?= xhf/df_
qm=;=
1

cf=j=
2065/66

ljj/)f

514040

aflif{s cg"bfg /sd

hDdf

4
5
6
7
8
9

10
11

551825

570703

555670

591220

43632

37174
5000

38141

105215
3425

38496
828

>d ;xeflutf -hg;xeflutf_

;f+;b sf]if -lgjf{rg If]q
ljsf; sf]if_

17000

s'n hDdf
k|zf;lgs vr{

11=2 cfGt/Ls
13

514040

10000

11=1 s]lGb|o cg"bfg

12

591220

oyfy{ a}b]lzs >f]t hDdf

gub nfut ;xeflutf
-hg;xeflutf_

hDdf

ljsf; s'n nufgL -k|ltzt_

k|zf;lgs vr{ -k|ltzt_

cf=j=
2069/70

555670

44257

/fhZj af+*kmf+*

cf=j=
2068/69

570703

oyfy{{ cfGt/Ls cfo

cGo cfDbfgL

cf=j=
2067/68

551825

k^s] cg"bfg /sd

cf=j=
2066/67
0

49259

30278

24094

14240

0
16000

0
17700

0
16710

0
39174

31039

154063

138472

64918

56995

668103

23050

109169

176045

34832

56375

690297

679872

7736

4554

20662

26601

34619

88183

731715

679403

32281

32582

46822

44256

49259

30278

24094

14240

90.3%

91.7%

94.9%

92.3%

93.1%

9.7%

8.3%

5.1%

7.7%

6.9%

177

!)=!=# u};;sf] Ifdtf ljsf; / ljlQo cj:yf

o; lhNnfdf ;lqmo ?kdf sfo{/t /x]sf u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx? / ltgLx?sf] ljifout sfo{If]q
lgDgfg';f/ tflnsf g+= !)=* pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=10.8MlhNnfdf lqmofl;n u};;x? / ltgLx?sf] sfo{If]q
qm=;= u};;sf] gfd
ljifout sfo{If]q
1.
;an g]kfn
;/;kmfO{ / :jf:Yo
2.
;Kt/L ;fd'bflos lasf; s]Gb
:jf:Yo / lzIff
3.
dx'nL ;fd'bflos ljsf; s]Gb|
n3' ljQ
4.
o'jf ;zlQms/0f ;+3g]kfn
:jf:Yo / lzIff
5.
;u/dfyf ckf sNof0f ;+3
;fdflhs, cfly{s / /fhgLlts / cfo
cfh{g
6.
dfgj clwsf/ tyf ;fd'bflos ljsf; s]Gb|
;fd'bflos ljsf;
7.
>Lk'/f{h ;fd'bflos ljsfz s]Gb|
afn clwsf/
8.
gf/L Pstf ;dfh
:jf:Yo, ;zlQms/0f, cfocfh{g /
tflnd
9.
afn clwsf/ tyf jftfj/0f ;dfh g]kfn
afnclwsf/
10.
sf]zL lkl8t ;dfh
ljkb\
11.
r]tgf ;dfh
lzIff
12.
hgr]tgf ;dfh
ul/aL lgjf/0f
13.
nf]s sNof0f
ul/aL lgjf/0f
14.
u|fld0f k'glgdf{0f g]kfn
lgdf{0f
15.
clwsf/ ;+/If0f s]Gb|
afnclwsf/ / dfgjclwsf/
;|f]tM u};; dxf;+3 ;Kt/L zfvf, @)&!
!)=@lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltsf] cfly{s ;|f]t tyf cfo
!)=@=! cfGtl/s ;|f]t l:ylt tyf k|If]k0f
ljut kfFr jif{sf] lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt ;Kt/Lsf] cfGtl/s 7]Ssf k6\6faf6 k|fKt /fh:j;DjGwL
ljj/0f tflnsf g+= !)=( df k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=10.9M lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt ;Kt/Lsf] cfGtl/s 7]Ssf k6faf6 k|fKt /fh:j
qm=;=
1

tf/ #f^ &]Ssf

cf=j=
2065/66
35300

xf* l;+x v'/ Kjf+v

243836

2
4
5

ljj/)f

bxQ/ axt/ ns*L

v* v*xL k^]/

afn' ('+uf lu^L ef/t

292500
341231

23365000

cf=j=
2066/67
35501

cf=j=
2067/68
0

cf=j=
2068/69
0

cf=j=
2069/70
0

0
0

27769863
178

0
0
0

0
0
0

0
0
0

qm=;=

6
7
8
9

10
11

ljj/)f
lgsf;L

afn'jf ('+uf lu^L

cfGtl/s laqmL
kz'hGo rf}kfof kz'
lgsf;L
s[lif hGo j:t'
df%f &]ssf

h*L a'*L ;fdfg

&]ssf
/fhlj/fh ;v*f ;*s
;jf/L s/
hDdf

cf=j=
2065/66

cf=j=
2066/67

cf=j=
2067/68

cf=j=
2068/69

cf=j=
2069/70

896000

1832037

3400161

3560831

233332

661264

1221500

1487699.1

1307171

300000

1799102

3818251

2406222

7526629

255000

595000

135466

0
25707199

32488233

135799

67300

161001

301000

5931551

7361382.1

12695631

;|f]tM lhlj;, ;Kt/L, @)&!

!)=@=@ cg'bfg, ;xof]u tyf /fh:j jf+8kmf+8jf6 k|fKt /sd / ;f]sf] k|If]k0f
;Kt/L lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltn] cf=a= @)^(&) df k|fKt u/]sf] k"FhLut cg'bfg lg;t{ / ;;t{,
rfn' cg'bfg ;;t{ / lg;t{ ;lxt s'n cg'bfg, s'n vr{ / /fhZjsf] l:yltsf af/]df tnsf g+=
!)=!) df k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=10.10M ;Kt/L lhlj;n] k|fKt u/]sf] cg'bfgsf] l:ylt -?= xhf/df_
k"FhLut
k"FhLut
cg'bfg - cg'bfg lg;t{_
;;t{_
18354

90541

hDdf
k"FhLut
cg'bfg

108895

rfn' cg'bfg

;;t{ rfn'
cg'bfg

hDdf rfn'
cg'bfg

hDdf
cg'bfg

37421

9054

46475

155370

gf]6M ;a}eGbf sd cg'bfg kfpg] !) lhlj; dWo] ;Kt/L cf7f}+ lhNNffdf k/]sf] 5 .
;|f]tM :yfgLo lgsfo ljQLo cfof]u, h]7, @)&!, :yfgLo lgsfox?sf] ljQLo l:ylt ljZn]if0f
cf=a= @)^(&) df ;Kt/L lhlj;n] s'n vr{ -?= xhf/df_ ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= !)=!!
df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=10.11M cf=a= @)^(&) df ;Kt/L lhlj;n] s'n vr{ -?= xhf/df_
hDdf
k"FhLut
cg'bfg

hDdf rfn'
cg'bfg

54448

46475

s'n cg'bfg
hDdf
vr{
:yfgLo cfo
vr{
100923

9050

hDdf
/fhZj
af+8kmf+8
vr{
16771

hDdf vr{

k|lt AolQm
vr{

126743

198

;|f]tM :yfgLo lgsfo ljQLo cfof]u, h]7, @)&!, :yfgLo lgsfox?sf] ljQLo l:ylt ljZn]if0f

179

!)=#uf+p ljsf; ;ldlt / gu/kflnsfx?sf] cfly{s ;|f]t kl/rfng tyf cfo l:ylt
;Kt/L lhNnf cGt/ut cf=a= @)^(&) df gu/kflnsf / uflj;x?sf] k"FhLut cg'bfg lg;t{ /
;;t{, rfn' cg'bfg ;;t{ / lg;t{ ;lxt s'n cg'bfgsf] l:yltsf af/]df tnsf ljleGg
tflnsfx?df k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 . cf=a= @)^(&) df uflj;x?sf] cfo ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf
g+= !)=!@ df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=10.12M cf=a= @)^(&) df uflj;x?sf] cfo ljj/0f -?= xhf/df_
k"FhLut
cg'bfg

rfn' cg'bfg

hDdf
cg'bfg

175906

41852

217758

s'n
cfGt/Ls
cfo /
/fhZj
;lxt
7420

s'n cfo

k|lt uflj;
s'n cfo

k|lt JolQm
cfo

225177

1975

375

;|f]tM :yfgLo lgsfo ljQLo cfof]u, h]7, @)&!, :yfgLo lgsfox?sf] ljQLo l:ylt ljZn]if0f
cf=a= @)^(&) df ;Kt/L lhNnfsf uflj;x?sf] vr{ ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= !)=!# df
pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=10.13M cf=a= @)^(&) df ;Kt/L lhNnfsf uflj;x?sf] vr{ ljj/0f -?= xhf/df_
k"FhLut
cg'bfg

rfn' cg'bfg

hDdf
cg'bfg

109061

39759

148821

s'n
cfGt/Ls
cfo /
/fhZj
;lxt
7345

s'n cfo

k|lt uflj;
s'n cfo

k|lt JolQm
cfo

156166

1370

260

;|f]tM :yfgLo lgsfo ljQLo cfof]u, h]7, @)&!, :yfgLo lgsfox?sf] ljQLo l:ylt ljZn]if0f
cf=a= @)^(&) df /fhlj/fh gu/kflnsfsf] cfo ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= !)=!$ df
pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=10.14M cf=a= @)^(&) df /fhlj/fh gu/kflnsfsf] cfo ljj/0f -?= xhf/df_
cfGt/Ls
>f]t /
/fhZj
jf+8kmf+8
;lxt
41782

k"FhLut
cg'bfg

rfn' cg'bfg

a}b]lzs
;xfotf

C0f tyf
;fk6L

hDdf
cfDbfgL

s}lkmot

33252

8313

218

61376

;|f]tM :yfgLo lgsfo ljQLo cfof]u, h]7, @)&!, :yfgLo lgsfox?sf] ljQLo l:ylt ljZn]if0f
cf=a= @)^(&) df /fhlj/fh gu/kflnsfsf] vr{ ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= !)=!% df
pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .

180

tflnsf g+=10.15M cf=a= @)^(&) df /fhlj/fh gu/kflnsfsf] vr{ ljj/0f -?= xhf/df_
cfGt/Ls cfo
vr{
19202

k"FhLut cg'bfg
vr{
26601

rfn' cg'bfg vr{

hDdf vr{

s}lkmot

8313

54116

;|f]tM :yfgLo lgsfo ljQLo cfof]u, h]7, @)&!, :yfgLo lgsfox?sf] ljQLo l:ylt ljZn]if0f
!)=$hg;xeflutf kl/rfng l:ylt tyf k|If]k0f
!)=$=!;"rgf tyf clen]v s]Gb| Aoj:yfkg
lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt cGt/ut Ps lhNnf ;"rgf tyf clen]v :yfkgf ul/Psf] 5 . ;f] s]Gb|df
Ps hgf ;'rgf clws[t, Pshgf sDKo"6/ ck/]6/ / b'O{ hgf ;fdflhs kl/rfnsx? sfo{/t
/x]sf 5g\ . lhNnfsf] ;du| ;"rgf Joj:yfkgsf] nflu pgLx?nfO{ lhlj;n] lhDd]jf/L lbOPsf] 5
. ;"rgf zfvfsf] 5'} sf]7fsf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . kq klqsf cWoogsf] nflu 8]S;, 6]jn,
s'l;{sf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . ljleGg ljifosf k':tsx? ofsdf Jojl:yt ?kdf /flvPsf] 5 .
;'rgf s]Gb|df Psyfg sDKo"6/ lk|G6/, kmf]6f]skL d]l;g, :sofg/ d]l;g /flvPsf] 5 . GISMAP/
GIS ;km6j]o/ ;d]tsf] Joj:yf 5 . DPMAS Jojl:yt ul/Psf] 5 . j]jdf cfwfl/t l/kf]l6
k|0ffnL (Web Based Reporting System)sf] nflu sDKo"6/ ck/]6/nfO{ tflnsf lbO{ ;lsPsf] 5 .
;'rgf k|jfxsf] nflu P;PdP; k|0ffnLsf] ;'? ul/Psf] 5 . ;"rgf s]Gb|df uflj;sf] kfZj{lrq
nufot ljleGg k|sfzgx? /flvPsf] 5 .
!)=$=@gful/s ;dfh, ;+u7gsf] k|jw{gsf] l:ylt
:yflgo lgsfosf of]hgf th'{df k|lqmofdf gful/s ;dfh / u}/ ;xsf/L ;+3;+:yfsf
k|ltlglwx?sf] k|ToIf ;+nuUgtf x'b} cfPsf] 5 . /fhgLlts bnx?sf] ;xof]u / ;xsfo{df of]hgf
th'{df, sfof{Gjog / cg'udgsf sfo{x? x'b} cfPsf 5g\ . :yfgLoof]hgfnfO{ kf/bzL{ / hjfkmb]xL
agfpg ;~rf/ dfWodx?;Fu ;xsfo{ ul/b} cfOPsf] 5 . u};;sf] Ifdtf clej[l4sf nflu
lhlj;sf] ;xof]udf ljleGg sfo{qmdx? ;~rfng ul/Psf] 5 . u};;sf] jflif{s sfo{qmdx? tyf
ah]6 uflj;df / lhlj;sf] jflif{s of]hgfdf ;dfj]z ul/G5 . lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltdf /x]sf
ljleGg ;ldltx?df u};;sf] k|ltlglwTj clgjfo{ x'g] u/]sf] 5 . :yflgo lgsfon] ;+rfng u/]sf]
ef}ltsk"jf{wf/ lgdf{0fsf] sfd xf]; jf dfgj ;+;fwg / Ifdtf ljsf; cfocfh{g ;j} sfdsf]
cg'udg tyf lgl/If0fdf u};;sf] k|ltlglwTj x'g] u/]sf] 5 .
!)=$=#of]hgf, cfof]hgf, sfo{qmdx?sf] cg'udg
:yflgo :jfoQ zf;g P]g @)%% / lgodfjnL @)%^ df Joj:yf eP cg';f/sf] cg'udg tyf
lgl/If0f ;ldltn] @)%( ;fn c;f/af6 :yfgLo lgsfox? hgk|ltlglw ljlxg eP b]lv cg'udg
tyf lgl/If0f ;ldlt ag]sf] 5}g t/ ;Kt/L lhlj;n] /fhlglts bn, kqsf/ gful/s ;dfh u};;
k|ltlglwx?sf] cg'udg tyf lgl/If0f ;ldlt u7g u/L cg'udgsf] sfo{ ub{} cfPsf] 5 .
181

:yfgLo lgsfox?n] ;+rfng u/]sf ef}ltsk"jf{wf/ lgdf{0fsf] sfdsf] u'0f:t/nfO{ ;'lglZRt ug{
tyf dfgj ;+;fwg / Ifdtf ljsf; cfocfh{g ;j} sfdsf] k|efjsfl/tf a9fpg /fhgLlts
bn, gful/s ;dfh, u}/;/sf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx? / ;~rf/ If]qsf kqsf/x?sf] ;DnUgtfdf cg'udg
tyf lgl/If0f ug]{ sfo{ lgoldt ?kdf x'b} cfPsf] 5 .
cl3Nnf] jif{ cf=j= @)^()&) df of]hgf cg'udg tyf k|zf;lso clws[tx?sf] g]t[Tjdf
ljifout sfof{nosf k|ltlglw, kqsf/ / u};; k|ltlglwx?sf] Ps cg'udg tyf lgl/If0f ;ldlt
qgfO{ cg'udg ul/Psf] lyof] . ljsf; ultljlwx?nfO{ 8s'd]G6L jgfO{ jflif{s ;ldIffdf k|:t't
ul/Psf] lyof] . k|To]s of]hgfdf pkef]Qmf ;ldlt u7g;+u} Ps cg'udg ;ldlt klg u7g ul/G5
/ cg'udg ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/;df dfFu, ls:tf, /sd lgsf;f ug{] ul/Psf] 5 . ;'gf}nf] xhf/
lbgLGCDP h:tf sfo{qmdx?sf] t];|f] kIf cg'udg klg ul/Psf] 5 . :yflgo ljsf; clwsf/L,
k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L, k|fljlwsx? lhNnf OlGhlgo/4f/f klg j]nf j]nfdf cg'udg lgl/If0f x'g]
u/]5 .
!)=$=$lhlj;df jfn jflnsf, dlxnf, blnt, hghflt ;ldltx?sf] k|efjsfl/tf l:ylt
ljutdf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] lgb]{zg cg';f/ cflbjf;L hghftL lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt, blnt,
plTkl8t pTyfg lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt, lk58f ju{ lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt, lhNnf ckf ;dGjo
;ldlt / lhNnf dlxnf ;dGjo ;ldltx? u7g e} lqmofl;n /x]sf] cj:yf lyof] . t/ kl5Nnf]
cjlwdf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] lg0f{o cg';f/ tL ;ldltx? lju7g x'g uPsf lyP eg] xfn k'gM g]kfn
;/sf/n] tL ;ldltx? u7g ug]{ lgb]{zg lbPsf] 5 . lhlj; ;Kt/L] pQm ;ldltx? u7g ug]{
k|lqmofdf /x]sf] 5 .
!)=$=% :yfgLo :t/df ul7t ;ldltx? / ltlgx?sf] lqmoflzntf
;Kt/L lhNnfdf ljkb\ Joj:yfkg ;ldlt / afn d}qL :yfgLo zf;g k|jw{g ;ldlt k|jw{g
;ldltx? u7g ul/Psf] 5g\ . tL ;ldltx?n] ljkb\ Joj:yfkg / afnaflnsfx?sf] Ifdtf
ljsf;sf If]qdf gLltut lg0f{ox? ug]{ / sfo{qmdx? ;~rfng ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ . lhNnf ljsf;
;ldltdf ljkb Joj:yfkg ljlgodfjnL !( cf}+ df lhNnf kl/ifbaf6 kf; u/L nfu' ul/Psf] 5 .
ljkb Joj:yfkg sf]if :yfkgf u/L lhlj;sf] k|To]s jif{ ? @ nfv /fVg] / cGo lgsfoaf6 klg
pQm sf]ifdf /sd /fVg ;lsg] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . h;df n'y/g g]kfnn] ?= ! nfv ;xof]u
k|bfg u/]sf] 5 . Osf] g]kfnaf6 ?= %) xhf/ pknJw u/fOPsf] 5 .
ljkb Joj:yfkg sf]ifsf] vftf ;+rfng k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L / :yf= lj=cf=j= sf] ;+o"Qmf
b:tvtaf6 vftf ;+rfng ul/Psf] 5 . lhNnf b}jL k|sf]k p4f/ ;ldltdf lhlj;n] k|To]s jif{
?= !) nfv ah]6 ljlgof]hg ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . ;fgf ltgf k|sf]kx?df tTsfn /fxt pknAw
u/fpg] ul/Psf] 5 .

182

!)=$=^ ;fdflhs kl/rfng

;Kt/L lhNnfsf] of]hgf th'{dfsf ljleGg r/0fdf hg;xeflutf ;"lglZrt ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] x/]s j8fx?df j8f gful/s d~rx? /
k|To]s uflj;df k5fl8 k/]sf jf kfl/Psf ju{x?sf] ;xeflutf ;'lglZRt ug{ gful/s ;r]tgf s]Gbx? u7g u/]sf] 5 . h;cg';f/
;Kt/L lhNnfdf s'n ! xhf/ @^ j6f j8f gful/s d~r, !#% j6f gful/s ;r]tgf s]Gb| / !!$ hgf ;fdflhs kl/rfns tyf
kl/rflnsfx?n] :yfgLo of]hgf th'{df k|lqmofdf ;xefuL x'b} cfPsf] cj:yf 5 . hg;xeflutf kl/rfngsf] cj:yf ;DjGwL ljj/0f
tflnsf g+= !)=!^df k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=10.16M hg;xeflutf kl/rfngsf] cj:yf
qm=;=
1
2
3

;b:o

;~hfnsf
gfdx?

s'n
;+Vof

k'?if

dlxnf

j8f gful/s
d~r
gful/s
;r]tgf s]Gb|
;fdflhs
kl/rfns

1026

13,133

11,836

24,969

4,318

4,475

135

1,128

2,643

3,771

999

114

66

48

114

15

s'n

blnt
k'?if

blnt
dlxnf

;fdflhs ;dfj]zLtf
hghftL hghftL
k'?if
dlxnf

blnt
cGo
k'?if

cGo
dlxnf

u}/ blnt

hDdf

k|ltzt

hDdf

k|ltzt

3,704

3,340

5,111

4,021

15,837

63

9,132

37

2,099

134

318

91

121

3098

83

664

17

25

42

19

19

16

95

84

;|f]tM lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt, ;Kt/L, @)&! c;f/

183

lrq g+=3M j8f gful/s d~rsf] ;+u7gfTds ;+/rgf -k|ltztdf_

100

84

80
60

37

40
20

13

22
3

16

16

cGo d=

blnt

blnt k'= blnt d= hghftL hghftL cGo k'=

k'=
d=

u}/ blnt

;|f]tM tflnsf g+= !)=!^

;Kt/L lhNnfdf rfn' cfly{s jif{df lqmofl;n j8f gful/s d~rx?df s'n ;b:ox? dWo] ^#
k|ltzt blnt / #& k|ltzt u}/blntx?sf] k|ltlglwTj /x]sf] 5 . h;df !& k|ltzt blnt k'?if
/ !* k|ltzt blnt dlxnfx?, !% k|ltzt hghftL k'?if / !# k|ltzt hghftL dlxnfx?, @)
k|ltzt cGo k'?if / !^ k|ltzt cGo dlxnfx?sf] k|ltlglwTj /x]sf] 5 . o;/L x]bf{ j8f gful/s
d~rdf u}/blntx?sf] eGbf blntx?sf] pkl:ylt k|efjsf/L /x]sf] 5 eg] $& k|ltzt dlxnfx?
/ %# k|ltzt k'?ifx? j8f gful/s d~rdf ;b:osf ?kdf sfo{/t /x]sf 5g\ -lrq g+=@_ .
lrq g++=4M gful/s ;r]tgf s]Gb|df k|ltlglwTj -k|ltztdf_
90
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-

83
56
26
4

17
2

blnt k'= blnt d= hghftL hghftL cGo k'= cGo d=

k'=
d=

;|f]tM tflnsf g+= !)=!^

184

blnt

u}/ blnt

j8f gful/s d~rdf s'n %^ k|ltzt blnt dlxnfx? / @^ k|ltzt blnt k'?ifx?sf] k|ltlglwTj
/x]sf] 5 . h;df *# k|ltzt blntx? / !& k|ltzt u}/blntx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] 5 .
h;dWo] $ k|ltzt hghftL k'?if, * k|ltzt hghftL dlxnf, @ k|ltzt cGo k'?if / # k|ltzt
cGo dlxnfx? /x]sf 5g\ -lrq g+= #=_ .
lrq g+=5M ;fdflhs kl/rfngdf ;dfj]lztfsf] cj:yf -k|ltztdf_
84

90
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70
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50
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30
20
10
-

37
13

22
3

blnt k'= blnt d= hghftL hghftL

k'=
d=

cGo k'=

16

16

cGo d=

blnt

u}/ blnt

;|f]tM tflnsf g+
;fdflhs kl/rfng sfo{df s'n kl/rfns jf kl/rflnsf dWo] *$ k|ltzt u}/ blnt / !^
k|ltzt dfq blntx?sf] ;DnUgtf /x]sf] 5 . h;dWo] !# k|ltzt blnt k'?if / # k|ltzt blnt
dlxnfx?, * k|ltzt hghftL k'?if / @@ k|ltzt hghftL dlxnf, #& k|ltzt cGo k'?if / !^
k|ltzt cGo dlxnfx? ;DnUg /x]sf 5g\ .
!)=% ;'zf;g / ljs]Gb|Ls/0fsf] cj:yf
!)=%=! afn ;xeflutfd"ns of]hgf th'{df k|lqmof
;j{ k|yd j8f gful/s d~raf6 j8f :t/sf] / j:tL :t/sf] of]hgf cg'/f]w kmf/d ebf{ / j8f
:t/df of]hgfsf] k|fyldlss/0f ubf{ j8fsf] ! hgf jfns / ! hgf jflnsfsf] ;xeflutf x'G5 .
Plss[t of]hgf th'{df ;ldltsf] a}7sdf klg jfnjflnsfsf] k'0f{ ;xeflutf x'G5 . ufpF
kl/ifbaf6 kfl/t uflj; of]hgfsf] ;fj{hlglss/0fdf klg jfnjflnsfsf] ;xeflutf /xG5 .
O{nfsf :t/Lo of]hgf th'{df j}7sdf klg ;DalGwt Onfsfsf] uflj;ut ?kdf uflj; :t/Lo
jfn ;~hfn ;ldltaf6 k|ltlglwTj u/fOG5 . lhNnfsf] k"j{ of]hgf th'{df uf}i7L / Plss[t
of]hgf th'{df ;ldltsf] j}7sdf klg jfn jflnsfsf] ;xeflutf clgjfo{ ul/Psf] 5 . lhNnf
kl/ifbaf6 kfl/t jflif{s lhNnf ljsf; of]hgfsf] ;fj{hlglss/0f sfo{qmddf klg jfnjflnsfsf]
185

clgjfo{ ;xeflutf u/fOG5 .:yfgLo of]hgf k|lqmofdf afnaflnsfx?sf] ;xeflutf ;DjGwL

ljj/0f tflnsf g+= !)=!& df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=10.17M :yfgLo of]hgf k|lqmofdf afnaflnsfx?sf] ;xeflutf -cf=a= @)&)&!_
ljj/0f
afns
aflnsf
hDdf
1,036 (52%)
957 (48%)
1993
j8f gful/s d~r
126 (53%)
112 (47%)
238
PsLs[t of]hgf th'{df ;ldlt
;|f]tM lhlj;, ;Kt/L, @)&!
;Kt/L lhNnfsf ;a} uflj; / /fhlj/fh gu/kflnsfsf ;a} j8fx?df j8f gful/s d~r u7g
e} lqmofl;n /x]sf] 5g . ;a} j8f gful/s d~rx?df jfnaflnsfx?sf] ;xeflutf ;'lglZlrt
ul/Psf] 5 . cg';f/ x/]s j8f gful/s d~rdf slDtdf ! hgf afns / ! hgf aflnsfsf]
;+:yfut k|ltlglwTj x'g' kg]{ at{dfg k|fjwfg ePtf klg sltko j8fdf pQm k|fjwfg
sfof{GJogdf /x]sf] b]lvb}g . h;df ! hgf afns jf ! hgf aflnsf dfq ;xefuL u/fpg] u/]sf]
kfO{G5 . tyflk j8f:t/df of]hgf th'{df k|lqmofdf afnaflnsfx?nfO{ ;xefuL u/fpb} cfPsf]
cj:yf 5 . dflysf] tflnsf !)=!&cg';f/ ! xhf/ #^ j8f gful/s d~rdf s'n ;b:ox? !((#
hgfdWo] ! xhf/ #^ -%@ k|ltzt_ jfns / ( ;o %& -$* k|ltzt_ aflnsfsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf]
5 . To;} u/L s'n ! ;o !^ j6f PsLs[t of]hgf th'{df ;ldltdf s'n ;b:ox?dWo] @ ;o #*
hgf afnaflnsfx?sf] pkl:ylt /x]sf] 5 . h;dWo] %# k|ltzt afns / $& k|ltzt
aflnsfx?sf] pkl:ylt /x]sf] 5 .
!)=%=@;fj{hlgs n]vfhf]vf
pkef]Qmf ;ldltx? dfkm{t ;~rfng ul/g] x/]s kl/ofhgfx?sf] ;fj{hlgs n]vfhf]vf x'g] u/]sf]
5 . o;df vf; u/L lhlj;n] pknJw u/fPsf] Pskfg] kmd]{6n] dfu u/]sf] ;"rgfx? pkef]Qmf
;ldltx?n] pknJw u/fpg] u/]sf 5g\ .
!)=%=# ;fj{hlgs ;'g'jfO{
rfn' jif{df lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltn] ;fd'bflos PkmPdsf] ;xof]udf :yfgLo lgsfox?dfkm{t k|bfg
ul/Psf] ;]jf tyf ;'ljwfx?sf] ;fj{hlglss/0f ug]{ p4]Zon] lhNnf:t/Lo ;fj{hlgs ;'g'jfO{
sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf u/]sf] 5 . To;} u/L o"PgPkmlkPsf] ;xof]udf lhlj; ;Kt/Ln] lkk|f klZrd
uflj;df uflj;:t/Lo ;fj{hlgs ;'g'jfO{ sfo{qmd ;~rfng u/]sf] 5 .
!)=%=$gful/s j8fkqsf] cg'udg l:ylt
;a} ;fj{hlgs sfof{nox?n] gful/s j8fkq /fv]sf] cj:yf 5 t/ To;sf] sfof{Gjog / jt{dfg
cj:yf s:tf] 5 eGg] ljifodf cflwsf/Ls ;ldlt lgdf{0f u/L cg'udg x'g] u/]sf] 5}g .
!)=%=%n}+ls tyf ;dfj]zL n]vfhf]vf ;DjGwL cj:yf
-o; ;DjGwL cj:yfsf] af/]df lhlj; af6 ;"rgf lng' kg]_{
186

!)=%=^afn l:ylt kqsf] cj:yf

;Kt/L lhNnfdf afn aflnsfsf] cj:yf emNsg] u/L afn l:ylt kq tof/ ul/Psf] 5}g\ . lhNnf
ljsf; ;ldlt / lhNnf afnsNof0f ;ldltsf] cu'jfO{df cfufdL lbgdf afnl:ylt kq tof/ ug]{
lg0f{o ePsf] 5 .
!)=^lhNnf :t/Lo ljifout sfo{qmddf nufgL l:ylt tyf k|If]k0f
!)=&s]Gb|Lo:tl/o ljifout sfo{qmd / cfof]hgfdf nufgL l:ylt tyf k|If]k0f
!)=*u};;x?n] cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs k"jf{wf/ ;[hgf ug]{ sfo{qmddf u/]sf] nufgL tyf k|If]k0f
!)=(gLlh If]qn] cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs k"jf{wf/ ;[hgf ug]{ sfo{qmddf u/]sf] nufgL tyf k|If]k0f
!)=!):yfgLo hgzlQm tyf k|fljlws Ifdtf ljZn]if0f -;fdflhs ;d'x cg';f/sf] ;"rgf_
!)=!! of]hgf tyf sfof{Gjog Ifdtf ljZn]if0f
!)=!!=! of]hgf tyf sfof{Gjogsf] nflu ;+:yfut :j?k
!)=!!=@;+:yfut ;dGjo tyf ;+hfn

187

!)=!@ ;|f]t pkof]u l:ylt -ljlgof]lht /sd lgsf;f / vr{ l:ylt_

cf=a= @)^(/&) df lhNnfdf /x]sf ljifout lgsfox?sf] k"FhLut / rfn' ah]6sf] cj:yf ;DjGwdf tflnsf g+= !)=!* df pNn]v
ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=10.18M lhNnfdf /x]sf ljifout lgsfox?sf] k"FhLut / rfn' ah]6sf] cj:yf cf=a= @)^(/&)
l;=g+
1
2
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13
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19
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25
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27
28
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30
31

sfof{nosf] gfd
lhNnf cbfnt /fhlj/fh
k''g/fj]]bg cbfnt /fhlj/fh
lhNnf lgjf{rg sfof{no ;Kt/L
k''g/fj]]bg ;/sf/L jsLn sfof{no /fhlj/fh
lhNnf ;/sf/L jsLn sfof{no, ;Kt/L
sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{no ;Kt/L
/fhlj/fh eG;f/ sfof{no ;Kt/L
3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u sfof{no ;Kt/L
lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no ;Kt/L
lhNnf kz' ;]jf sfof{no ;Kt/L
dT:o ljsf; s]Gb|, kmQ]k'/ ;Kt/L
lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no ;Kt/L
O{nfsf k|zf;g sfof{no, sGrgk'/
sf/fuf/ sfof{no /fhlj/fh ;Kt/L
/fli6o cg';Gwfg sfof{no /fhlj/fh
c~rn k|x/L sfof{no /fhlj/fh
c~rn ;z:q k|x/L u'Nd /fhlj/fh
lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no ;Kt/L
Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no s~rgk'/
Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no sNof0fk'/
;z:q k|x/L an bGtsfnL u0f a/dlemof
;z:q k|x/L an l;df ;'/Iff sfof{no
;z:q k|x/L an ljcf]kL l5Ggd:tf
;z:q k|x/L an ljcf]kL /fdgu/ ;Kt/L
;z:q k|x/L an ljcf]kL a;f{Og ;Kt/L
;z:q k|x/L an ljcf]kL ag}lgof, ;Kt/L
;z:q k|x/L an lacf]kL ltnf7L ;Kt/L
Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no e]l8of ;Kt/L
lhNnf jg sfof{no ;Kt/L
lhNnf e" ;+/If0f sfof{no ;Kt/L
e'ld ;'wf/ sfof{no ;Kt/L

k"FhLut
jflif{s ah]6

lgsf;f

rfn'
s"n vr{

v'b vr{

jflif{s ah]6

lgsf;f

s"n vr{

v'b vr{

33353136
26435066
3752520

31528603
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31528603
26415125
2916353

31528603
26400125
2916353

4360324
2068717
3874347
6587114
4760262
3111726
2462086
6448444
14435035
1339421
10078226

4360324
2068717
3874347
6587114
4760262
3111726
2462086
6448444
14435035
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4360324
2068717
3874347
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4760262
2922226
2462086
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14435035
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295000

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3350000
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6493000
320000
2200000
200000

295000
1928091
325731
6133130
320000
2200000
191404

295000
1928091
325731
6133130
320000
2200000
191404

295000
1928091
325731
4868130
320000
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191404

770000

690718

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4952500
2163800
4145000
6964434
5088362
18302537
16217086
6823000
15851700
1339928
10078500

25000
230000
165000
10050000
15000
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2350000
1000000
80000
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6680000
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25000
230000
165000
6680000
15000
15000
2350000
1000000
80000
80000
80000

6614759
24238635
32311375
161967506
18893348
14733078
188184532
58192366
10516253
10321046
11277350

6607050
24238535
32311375
161947461
18893348
14728278
187524124
58192144
10508497
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6607050
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58192144
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11277350

6607050
24238535
32311375
161947461
18893348
14728278
187524124
58192144
10508497
10314994
11277350

80000
216000
15000
5567000
7795000

80000
216000
15000
5436325
7794304

80000
216000
15000
5436325
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80000
216000
15000
5436325
7794304

11135977
11447837
6524522
32456973
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11135977
11428411
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11135977
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11135977
11428411
6519722
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188

l;=g+

sfof{nosf] gfd

32
33
34
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36
37
38

dfnkf]t sfof{no /fhlj/fh

gfkL sfof{no /fhlj/fh
;'s'Djf;L ;d:of ;dfwfg cfof]u
zx/L ljsf; tyf ejg lgdf{0f ljsf;
vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO{ l8lehg sfof{no
dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf sfof{no
afn sNof0f u[x /fhlj/fh
s[i0f bn u0f /fhlj/fh
lhNnf lzIff sfof{no /fhlj/fh
z}lIfs tflnd s]Gb| /fhlj/fh
k"jf{~rn l;+rfO{ l8lehg g+= $
sf]zL kDk rGb| gx/ l;+rfO{ Aoj:yfkg l8 g+=
lhNnf x'nfs sfof{no
lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltsf] sfof{no
/fhlj/fh gu/kflnsf
lhNnf k|fljlws sfof{no
lhNnf hg:jf:Yo sfof{no ;Kt/L
lhNnf cfo'j{}b :jf:Yo s]Gb|
;u/dfyf c~rn c:ktfn /fhlj/fh
hDdf

39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50

k"FhLut
jflif{s ah]6

rfn'

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s"n vr{

v'b vr{

50000
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102556055
31404817
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4100000
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405000

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;|f]tM sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{no, /fhlj/fh ;Kt/L, c;f/, @)&!

189

jflif{s ah]6

lgsf;f

s"n vr{

v'b vr{

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254340924

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48414869
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2583464294

!)=!#:yfgLo lgsfox?sf] Go'gtd ;t{ / sfo{;Dkfbg l:ylt

cf=a= @)^*^( df ;Kt/L lhNnf Go";sf;df c;kmn ePsf sf/0f @) k|ltzt cg'bfg
u'dfpg' k/]sf] lyof] .
sfo{;Dkfbgdf Go"g c+s k|fKt u/]sf sf/0f /fhlj/fh gu/kflnsfn] cf=a= @)&)&! df
@% k|ltzt cg'bfg u'dfpg' k/]sf] lyof] .
cf=a= @)^*^( df ^# j6f uflj;x? c;kmn ePsf lyP .
cf=a= @)^*^( df Go"gtd ;t{ tyf sfo{;Dkfbg d"Nof+s ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= !)=!(
df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=10.19M cf=a= @)^*^( sf] Go"gtd ;t{ tyf sfo{;Dkfbg dfkgsf] glthf l:ylt
:yfgLo
lgsfox?

s'n
;Vof

Go"gtd
;t{ k'/f
ug{sf]
;+Vof

Go"gtd ;t{ Go"gtd ;t{ k'/f gug{sf] :yfgLo lgsfox?

k'/f gug{sf]
;+Vof

uflj;

114

51

63

cgf{xf, cf}/xL,a}/jf, aegufdfsL , ag}lgof ,

jg/em'nf , agf}nf, , sf]= a;f{Og , a;ljL ,aygfxf,
a]NxL, a]NxL rk]gf, eujtk'/, e'txL, a/xL lj/k'/,
af]b]a/;fog, af]l/of, a|Dxk'/, l5Ggd:tf, 8f9f,
wgu9L, lb3jf, l8dg, kmls/f, uDx/Lof k|jfxf,
uf]a/uf9f, 3f]3gk'/f, uf]O&L, xl/k'/, hG8f}n, of]lulgof
@ ,sljnf;f, sfrg, sNof0fk'/, sdnk'/, sGrgk'/,
sf]=dw]k'/f, sf]rfavf/L,sf]Onf8L, s'zfxf, dwjfk'/,
d}gfs8]/L , d}gf;x;|afx' , dn]sk'/ , dnxGfdf,
dNxlgof , dfg/fhf , df}jfxf , g+]u8f , ks/L ,k6]jf{,
kftf], kTy/uf8f, lkk|f k'j{, kf]tf{xf , k|;jgL ,
/fdgu/, /f}tx6, ;f/Zj/ , l;d/fxf l;+luof}g , l;:jf
a]NxL , t/xL , l6s'lnof
gu/kflnsf
^% c+s k|fKt u/L @% k|ltztn] cg'bfgdf s6f}tL
1
1
0
ePsf]
lhlj;
Go"gtd ;t{ k'/f u/]sf] t/ sfo{;Dkfbgdf $@ c+s
1
1
0
k|fKt u/L cg'lt0f{ ePsf]
;|f]tM g]kfn ;/sf/, :yfgLo lgsfo ljlQo cfof]u -@)&)_,

190

cf=a= @)^*^( df Go"gtd ;t{ tyf sfo{;Dkfbg d"Nof+s ;DjGwL ljj/0f tflnsf g+= !)=@)
df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=10.20Mcf=a= @)^(&) sf] Go"gtd ;t{ tyf sfo{;Dkfbg dfkg glthf
:yfgLo
lgsfox?

s'n
;Vof

Go"gtd
;t{ k'/f
ug{sf]
;+Vof

Go"gtd ;t{ Go"gtd ;t{ k'/f gug]{ :yfgLo lgsfox?

k'/f gug{sf]
;+Vof

uflj;

114

24

90

gu/kflnsf

lhlj;

/fdk'/ hd'jf, /fdgu/, nf}lgof, jegufdfs6\6L,

s'zfxf, xl/xk'/, dNxgdf, l6s'lnof, kf]tf{xf, ef/bx,
uf}O7L, @ g+= hf]lulgof, dn]7, l;d|fxf l;+Uof}g,
dn]sk'/, lb3jf, sk/L, k|ZjgL, Og?jf, ! g+=
hf]lulgof, g]u8f, dfg/fhf, af]b]j;fO{g, v8sk'/,
?kgu/, lkk|f k"j{, 3f]3gk'/, kg;]/f, ag/e'mnf, l;:jf
j]NxL, vf]hk'/, j}/jf, lqsf]n, dwjfk'/, d}gfs8]/L,
kftf], e'txL, j]NxL rk]gf, t/xL, k6]jf{, df}jfxf, j]NxL,
abufdf, af]l/of, a/xL lj/k'/, hdgL dw]k'/f, agf}nf,
b]p/L, nfnfk6\6L, km'nsfxL, ;f/;/, wgu9L, xlb{of,
dw'k6\6L, bf}ntk'/, lkk|f klZrd, uDxl/of k|jfxf,
cgf{x, a|Dxk'/, sljnf;f, asw'jf, nf}xfhf/f, l8dg,
sf]= a;f{{Og, sf]Onf8L, kmQ]k'/, sf]= dw]k'/f, s6}of,
aL;xl/of, kTy/u9f, g3f]{, d}gf;x;|afx', ag}lgof,
sf]rfavf/L, vf]s;/k|jfx, sNof0fk'/, em'6sL, hG8f}n,
Ogjf{ km'nj8Lof, kmls/f, cf}/xL aygfx, a;lj6\6L,
a;jnk'/, eujnk'/, 7]lnof, t]/xf}tf, zDe'gfy, /fok'/
/ agf}nL .
Go"gtd ;t{sf !! j6f ;"rsx? k'/f u/L
sfo{;Dkfbgdf $( c+s k|fKt u/L plQ0f{ ePsf]
Go"gtd ;t{df cg'lQ0f{ ePsf] t/ sfo{;Dkfbg dfkg
df %! c+s k|fKtu/L plQ0f{ ePsf] .

!)=!$ lj:yflktx?sf] cj:yf / k"g{:yfkgf

!)=!$=! G lj:yflkt
4Gbsfndf ;Kt/L lhNnfdf !#( hgfsf] d[To' ePsf] tYof+s ePtf klg lhNnf k|zf;g
sfof{noaf6 cg'udg ubf{ @* hgfsf] gfd bf]xf]l/Psf] km]nf k/]sf]n] pQm ;dodf s'n !!!
hgfsf] d[To' ePsf] Plsg ePsf] 5 . pQm !!! hgf dWo] !)@ hgfn] g]kfn ;/sf/n] pknJw
u/fPsf] /fxt k|fKt u/]sf] cj:yf 5 . h;dWo] @* hgfn] k|ltAolQm !! nfvsf b/n] /fxt
kfPsf] / afFsL &$ hgfn] Psd'i6 ?= ## nfvsf b/n] /fxt k|fKt u/]sf lyP . vf; u/L d[ts
;]gf tyf k|x/Lsf cfkmGtnfO{ ?= !! nfv / ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ ?= ## nfv /fxt pknJw
u/fOsf] lyof] .

191

sfo{bnsf] k|ltj]bg cg';f/ ;Kt/L lhNnfdf !@ hgf 4Gbsf] a]nfdf a]kQf ePsf lyP . h; dWo]
( hgf j]kQf ePsfsf cfkmGtn] k|lt AolQm ?= # nfvsf b/n] /fxt k|fKt u/]sf 5g eg] afFsL
# hgfsf kl/jf/n] pQm /fxt k|fKt u/]sf] cj:yf 5}g .

qm=;=

To;}u/L dw]z cfGbf]ngsf a]nfo; lhNnfdf ( hgfsf] d[To' ePsf] lyof] . tL ( hgfsf cfkmGt
tyf kl/jf/x?n] k|lt AolQm ?= ! nfv %) xhf/sf b/n] /fxt k|fKt u/]sf lyP . To;} u/L
4Gbsf a]nf k"0f{ ckftf ePsf @ hgfn] k|lt dlxgf ?= ^ xhf/ @ ;osf b/n] / pgLx?sf] ;]jf
ug]{ kl/jf/n] ;d]t k|lt dlxgf ^ xhf/ @ ;o u/L s'n !@ xhf/ $ ;o k|fKt ub}{ cfPsf] cj:yf
5 eg] pgLx?nfO{ Psd'i7 g]kfn ;/sf/n] ?= @@ nfv ;d]t pknJw u/fPsf] lyof] . t/
cf+lzs ckftf ePsf] Ps hgfn] dfl;s ?kdf ?= ^ xhf/ @ ;o k|fKt ub}{ cfPsf] cj:yf
/x]sf] 5 . To;} u/L %) k|ltzt 3fO{t] dWo] % hgfn] %) k|ltztsf b/n] Psd'i6 Ps nfv /
Ps hgfn] @% k|ltztsf] lx;fjn] ?= %) xhf/ /fxt k|fKt u/]sf cj:yf 5 -;|]ftM lhNnf
k|zf;g sfof{no, @)&!_ .
!)=!$=@ k|sf]kaf6 Iflt
;Kt/L lhNnfsf] @)&) >fj0f b]lv r}qd;fGt ;Ddsf] b}lj k|sf]ksf dfgjLo tyf ef}lts Iflt /
/fxt ljt/0f ;DaGwL ljj/0f b]xfoadf]lhd tflnsf g+= !)=@! df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=10.21M b}ljk|sf]k ;DjGwL ljj/0f

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
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cfunfuL
r6\of
af9L
klx/f]
dxfdf/L
cl;gf
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zLtnx/
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x'/Ljtf;
cGo
hDdf vr{

dfgljo
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3/Iflt
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192

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!)=!$=# zflGt, ljsf; / k'g{;+/rgf ;DaGwL ultljlw

193

11.

v08!!M lhNNffsf] ljsf;sf ;d:of, r'gf}lt, cj;/ / ;+efjgfx?sf] ljZn]if0f

lhNNffsf] ljifout / juL{o ;d:of, r'gf}tL, cj;/ / ;+efjgfx?sf af/]df ljleGg r/0fdf
Onfsf:t/Lo, lhNnf:t/Lo / s]lGb|o :t/df d'Vo ;/f]sf/jfnfx?;Fu 5nkmnn / cGt/lqmof u/L
klxrfg ul/Psf] 5 . h;sf] lj:t[t ljj/0f o; efudf k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
!!=! dfggLo ;ef;b\Ho"x?af6 klxrfg ePsf r'gf}tL / cj;/x?
sf7df8f}Fdf @)&! h]i7 $ ut] ;Kt/L lhNnfaf6 k|ToIf lgjf{rgdf lgjf{lrt / ;dfg'kflts tkm{
k|ltlglwTj ug'{ x'g] dfggLo ;ef;bHo"x?;Fu ul/Psf] cGt/lqmof sfo{qmddf ;ef;bHo"x?f/f
p7fOPsf ;jfnx? lgDgfg';f/ /x]sf 5g .
afnaflnsfx? cfwf/e"t cfjZostfaf6 al~rt ePsf] cj:yf /x]sf] 5 .
of]hgfsf] sfo{Gjog kIf sdhf]/ ePsfn] afn aflnsfsf] gfd 5'6\ofOPsf] ah]6 klg ;lx
9+un] vr{ x'g] u/]sf] 5}g .
dfgj ljsf; ;'rfsfdf ;Kt/L w]/} k5fl8 -&$ cf}F_ :yfgdf /x]sf] 5 .
;fIf/tf b/ Psbd} sd -$$_ k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 .
v'nf lbzfd'Qm cleofgdf lhNnf &% cf}F :yfgdf k/]sf] 5 .
blnt ;d'bfox? s'kf]if0f / ul/jLaf6 u|:t ePsf] cj:yf 5 .
lhNnfdf pknJw ePsf] l;ldt ah]6sf] klg ;lx ?kdf ;b'kof]u x'g ;s]sf] cj:yf
5}g .
ul/jLsf] sf/0fn] dlxnf nufot k5fl8 kfl/Psf] ;d"xx?sf] of]hgf th'{df k|lqmofdf
;xeflutf x'g ;s]sf] 5}g\ .
dfly pNN]lvt ;jfnx?nfO{ ;Djf]wg ug]{ u/L ;Kt/L lhNnfsf] k~ralif{o cfjlws of]hgf th'{df
x'g cfjZos 5 .
-s_ r'gf}tLx?
;Kt/L lhNnfsf] ljsf;df b]lvPsf d'Vo r'gf}tL lgDgfg';f/ /x]sf] 5 .
n}ls lx+;f, afn ljjfx, bfO{hf] k|yf, 5'jf5't h:tf lje]bsf/L cEof;x? lj?4 r'k /xg]
;+:s[lt ljBdfg /x]sf] .
;fdflhs ljsf;sf If]qnfO{ sd k|fyldstf lbg] / ef}lts k"jf{wf/ ljsf;df dfq hf]8
lbg] kl/kf6L /x]sf] .
5fqfx?sf] dfWoflds txdf sIff 5f8\g] b/ clt pRr /x]sf] cj:yf .
of]hgf th'{df, sfof{Gjog / cg'udg h:tf sfo{df ;dfj]zL ;xeflutf k4ltnfO{
cjnDjg ug]{ kl/kf6L / cEof; gePsf] .
;DjlGwt ;/sf/L sfof{no / ljefux?df lgoldt ?kdf k|ult k|ltj]bg k|:t't ug]{,
sfo{qmdsf] cg'udg / d"Nofg ug]{ kl/kf6L gePsf] .
pknJw vl08s[t tYofx?sf] ljZn]if0f ug]{ / of]hgf th'{dfdf k|of]u ug]{ kl/kf6L
g/x]sf] .
194

 uflj; ;lrjx? / h]=l6=P= h:tf ;]jf k|bfos sd{rf/Lx? cfkm'nfO{ tf]lsPsf] 7fFpdf
ga;L lhNnf ;b/d'sfddf a:g] k|a[lt /x]sf] .
ljsf; of]hgf th'{df k|lqmofdf ljkb hf]lvd Joj:yfkg / hnjfo' hf]lvd Joj:yfkgnfO{
cfTd;ft\ gul/Psf] .
;/;kmfO{ ;'ljwfx?sf] Go"g pknJwtf / o:tf ;jfnx?sf] dxTjsf] af/]df r]tgfsf] tx
Hofb} Go"g /x]sf] .
v= cj;/x?
lhNnfsf] Ps 5]pb]lv csf]{ 5]p;Dd /x]sf] km/flsnf] ;8ssf] lj:tf/n] :yfgLo
pTkfbgx?sf] ahf/;Ddsf] ;Dks{ / kx'Fr :yflkt ug{ ;xof]u k'ofpFb5 .
u|fld0f If]qdf ePsf d"Nojfg kmnkm"n tyf ;fFu;AhLx?sf] nflu ;fgf s[lifdf cfwfl/t
pBf]ux? ;~rfng ug{ ;lsg] ;+efjgf /x]sf] .
b'Uw pTkfbg tyf k|;f]wg ;'ljwfx?sf] :yfkgfsf] nflu pRr ;+efjgf /x]sf] .
ljz]ifu/L lhNnfsf] klZrt efudf l;+rfO{sf] ;'ljwf lj:tf/ ug{ ;lsg] / e"ldut kfgLsf]
pkof]u ug{ ;lsg] ;+efjgf /x]sf] .
lhNnf e/L /x]sf ;fd'bflos ;+3 ;+:yfx?;Fu ;dfj]zL ;fd'bflos ljsf;sf] nflu
cfjZos kg]{ ;fdflhs kl/rfng ;DjGwL cg'ej /x]sf] .

!!=@lhNnf:t/Lo cGt/lqmofaf6 klxrfg ePsf ;+efjgf, cj;/ / r'gf}tLx?

-s_= lhNnf:t/Lo ax';/f]sf/jfnx?;Fusf] cGt/lqmofaf6 k|fKt ;jfnx?
@)&! ;fn c;f/ !^ ut] lhNnf:t/Lo ;a} ;/f]sf/jfnfx? -/fhgLlts bnx?, ljifout
sfof{nox? nufot cGo u};;, lghL If]q / gful/s ;dfh_ sf] ;xeflutfdf ljleGGf ;d'x
cGt/ut 5nkmn u/L ;Kt/L lhNnfsf] ljsf;sf] ;+efjgf, cj;/ / r'gf}tLx?sf] klxrfg ul/of]
h'g tn tflnsf g+= !!=! df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=11.1M lhNnf:t/Lo cGt/lqmofaf6 klxrfg ePsf ;jfnx?
;Defjgf
cj;/
-!_ jg tyf jftfj/0f ;d'x
r'/] If]q ;+/If0f r'/] If]q ;+/If0fsfnflu :yfgLo :t/df
hgr]tgfdf clej[l4 ePsf] .
/fli6o tyf cGt/f{li6o :t/df o;sfnflu
ax;, k}/lj ePsf] tyf ;|f]t h'l6/x]sf] .
/fi6klt r'/] ;+/If0f h:tf sfo{qmdnfO{
/fli6o uf}/jsf] sfo{qmddf ;dfj]z ul/Psf]
jg ;+/If0f ug]{ r'/] efj/ t/fO{ dw]z ljsf; ;ldlt u7g
r'/] Pp6f Osf]6f]g xf] h;n] a9L h;n]
al9 afof] 8fOel;{6L .
!@* j6f jg pkef]Qmf ;d'xaf6 ;+/If0fsf]
195

r'gf}lt

dfgj l;lh{t
clgolGqt a;f]af;, jg
cltqmd0f, 89]nsf], clt rl/r/0f,
9'+uf, lu6\6L, afn' cflb k|fs[lts
;|f]tsf] clglGqt pTvgg\ tyf
cf];f/ k;f/ .
jftfj/0fLo ;f]r lagfsf] lgdf{0f
sfo{ .
k|fs[lts sf/0f

;Defjgf
jg k}bfjf/sf]
dfu ;Daf]wg
e" ;+/If0f ug]{

cj;/

r'gf}lt

sfo{ eO{/x]sf] .
jg k}bfjf/ ahfl/s/0fsf] /fd|f] cj:yfhg;+Vof_
;+/If0fsf j}1flgs k|ljlwx?-afof]
OlGhlgol/+u_
e" ;+/If0f ;d'xaf6 ;+/If0f .

df6f] k|b'if0f

ljkb
Aoj:yfkg

;+/If0f v]tLkfltsf] af/]df hgr]tgf

clej[l4 eO{/x]sf] .
ljleGg lgsfoaf6 df6f] ;+/If0f-af9L,
klx/f], e" Ifo, gbL lgoGq0f sfo{_
kmf]x/ Aoj:yfkgaf6 sDkf]i6 dn
sDkf]i6 dn tyf h}ljs dnsf] k|of]u
lhNnf :t/df ljkb Aoj:yfkg ;+oGql;l8cf]sf] cWoIftf_
jflg{ l;:6d-sf]zL kLl8t ;dfh_
6f]n / j8f :t/df ljkb\ Aoj:yfkg
;d'x tyf ;~hfn af9L gS;f+sg
aftfj/0fd}qL :yfgLo zf;g ljkb
Joj:yfkg sfo{ljwL ePsf]
aftfj/0fd}qL :yfgLo zf;gcg';f/
ah]6 ljlgof]hg ug{ ;'? u/]sf] .

sdhf]/ e" agf]6

cTolws le/fnf]kg
;+s]lGb|t aiff{
jg cltqmd0f
ul/aLk|ltsf] ;xfg'e"lt
jgsf] x}l;ot /fd|f] gx'g' .
rf]/L lgsf;L
ckof{Kt nufgL
jg ;+/If0f gLlt sfof{Gjog x'g
g;Sg' .
;d:of ;Daf]wg ug{ kof{Kt
;|f]tsf] cefj
;dGjosf] cefj-;+/If0f sfo{df_
/;folgs dn tyf sL6gfzssf]
k|of]u .
cj}1flgs v]tLkflt tyf e"
pkof]u

kof{Kt tof/Lsf] cefj .

;a} 7fpFdf :yfgLo :t/df ;d'x
gx'g' .
;d'bfo ;r]t g/x]sf] .
aftfj/0fd}qL :yfgLo zf;g
/fd|/L sfof{Gjog gul/Psf] .
:yfgLo lgsfon] aftfj/0fd}qL
:yfgLo zf;g nfO{ gk5\ofPsf] c+lusf/ gu/]sf]_

-@_ cfly{s ;d'x

s[lifsf]
;Defjgf 5 .

s[lif of]Uo hUuf pknAw x'g' .

l;+rfO{sf] nflu gbL, kf]v/L tyf bxx?
x'g' .
ahf/sf] pknAwtf .
;/sf/L hUufx? x'g' .

196

ls;fgn] cg'bfg / ;x'lnot C0f

gkfpg' .
;dodf dn vfb ljp ljhg
gkfpg' .
l;+rfO{sf] cefj / cfsfz] kfgLsf]
e/ kg'{ kg]{ .
;/sf/L hUufnfO{ Aojl:yt ?kdf
pkof]u ug{ g;Sg' .
wfg / ux'F dfq pTkfbg ul/g' .

;Defjgf

kz' ljsf;sf]
;Defjgf

kmnkm"n
t/sf/Lsf]
;Defjgf

cj;/

r'gf}lt

;/sf/L hUuf 5 .
jg h+un 5 .
s[lif pTkfbg 5 .
s[lifdf cfl>t hgzlQm 5 .
o'jf zlQm 5 .
s[ifsx?n] pTkfbg ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ .

l;+rfO{sf]
;Defjgf

rGb| gx/, sf]zL kDk gx/, kf]v/Lx?

x'g' .

vfg]kfgL tyf
;/;kmfO{

;|f]t pknAw x'g' .

pBf]u, vfgLsf]
;Defjgf

uh]Gb|gf/fo0f l;+x cf}Bf]lus If]q x'g' .

af]8/{ nfOg pknAw x'g' .
9'fsf] vfgL x'g' .
197

:yfgLo ljp ljhg /fd|f] ePtfklg

ljb]zaf6 cfpg] ;:tf] d"Nosf]
sf/0f sd;n ljp nufpg afWo
x'g' .
;"rgfsf] sdL x'g' .
;r]tgfd'ns sfo{qmd x'g g;Sg' .
;x'lnot C0f / cg'bfg k|fKt
gx'g' .
ladfsf] /fd|f] Aoj:yf gx'g' .
a]df};dL v]lt ug]{ k|ljwLsf af/]df
sd 1fg x'g' . s[lif ;|f]t s]Gb| sd
x'g' . ljp ljhgsf] ljt/0f
O6xl/af6 x'g] u/]sf]n] c;lhnf]
x'g' .
lhNnf ;b/d'sfddf vfB :6f]/
;fdu|L / :6f]/sf] cefj x'g' .
k|fljlws ;xof]u k|fKt gx'g' .
t/sf/L v]tLnfO{ ;+ul7t ?kdf
ug{ k|f]T;fxg lbg g;Sg' .
kDk dd{t ug{ sl7g x'g' .
ljh'nLsf] aLn cTolws cfpg]
ugf{n] e'QmfgL ug{ g;Sg' . ljB't
lgoldt cfk"lt{ gx'g' . kfgLsf]
;tx 36g' . 8Lk af]l/ gx'g' .
kfgLsf] c;'ljwf ePsf] 7fpFdf
cf]e/x]8 6\ofFssf] Aoj:yf gx'g' .
grflxg] 7fpFdf cgfjZos nufgL
x'g' .
cfjZos 7fpFdf 8Lk af]l/ gx'g' .
v'nf 7fpFdf lb;f lk;fa ug]{
k|a[lQ x'g' .
ul/a kl/jf/sf] 3/df rfkfsnsf]
Aoj:yf gx'g' .
ljsf; ug]{ ;/sf/sf] gLlt 5}g .
o'jf /f]huf/Lsf] nflu ;/sf/sf]
nufgL gx'g' .

;Defjgf

cj;/

r'gf}lt

ko{6g
ljsf;sf]
;Defjgf

d7 dlGb/ / k'/fgf] b/af/ x'g' .

ljQLo ;+:yf

;/sf/L a}+sx? x'g' .

lghL If]qsf a}+sx? x'g' .
;xsf/L ;+3;+:yfx? x'g' .

lghL If]q nufgL ug{ tof/ 5 t/

;'/Iffsf] sdL x'g' .
lhNnfdf ;8ssf] cj:yf /fd|f]
gx'g' .
sf]zL 6Kk' jGohGt' cf/If /fli6o
lgs'~hsf] ;b'kof]u ug{ g;Sg' .
/fhdfu{b]lv /fhlj/h ;Ddsf]
af6f] rf}8f gx'g' .
ko{6sLo ljsf;;DalGw gLltsf]
sdL
;/sf/ / lghL If]qaLr ;DaGw
gx'g' .
ljdfg:yn ;~rfngdf gcfpg' .
ef/tLo ;Ldf;Dd k'Ug] af6f] /fd|f]
gx'g' .
;a} hgtfsf] kx'Fr x'g g;Sg' .
s[lif ljsf; a}+saf6 ls;fgnfO{
C0f pknAw gu/fpg' .
rsf]{ Aofhdf C0f lng'kg]{ afWotf
x'g' .
ls;fgx? ;dodf C0f gkfPsf]
sf/0f xtf]T;fxL x'g' .

-#_ ;fdflhs ;d'x

lszf]/ lszf]/L
ljsf; /
;xeflutf
of}lgstf lzIff

o"jf :j/f]huf/

dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf sfof{no,

o'lg;]km, o'PgPkmlkP, ;]e b lrN8]g
cflbn] sfd ub}{ cfPsf] .
cfly{s ;fIf/tfsfnflu sfd u/]sf] .
k/fdz{ s]Gb|sf] :yfkgf
kf7\ok':tsdf of}glzIff
;+3;+:yfx?n] sfd u/]sf] .
;~rf/dfWod?f/f hfgsf/L
bf}+t/L lzIffsf] Aoj:yf .
o"jf :j/f]huf/ sf]if :yfkgf
o"jf nlIft sfo{qmd x'g' .
;Lkdf cfwfl/t lzIff

198

o'jfx?df nfu' cf}ifwsf] s'nt x'g'

.
sd pd]/df ljjfx ug'{ .
of}g lx+;f x'g' .
lzIfsn] /fd|f];Fu gk9fpg' lzIfsn] g} nfh dfGg'_
pko'Qm ;dodf sfo{qmd ;~rfng
gx'g' .
xft] ;fdu|Lsf] cefj
sfof{Gjog lkmtnf] x'g' .
/fhg}lts x:tIf]k x'g' .
lg0f{o k|lqmofdf o"jfsf] ;xeflutf
gx'g' .

;Defjgf

cj;/

ckf
afnaflnsfsf]
lzIffdf kof{Kt
kx'Fr x'g ;S5

ckfd}qL sIffsf] lgdf{0f x'Fb} uPsf] .

ckftfk|ltsf] b[li6sf]0fdf kl/jt{g x'Fb}
uPsf] .
s]xL dfqfdf ;dflxt lzIffsf] Aoj:yf
ePsf] .
cf+lzs ?kdf ckfd}qL z}lIfs
;fdu|Lsf] klg pknAwtf
ljleGg bft[ lgsfoaf6 s]xL dfqfdf
;xfos ;fdu|L pknAw ePsf] .
ljleGg tflndx?-;fFs]lts, a}n lnkL,
udglzntf_ klg cf+lzs ?kdf
;~rfng ePsf] .

ckftf ePsf
AolQmx?
cfTdlge{/ eO{
cfkm\gf] b}lgs
lqmofsnfkdf
;+nUg x'g
;S5g\ .

r'gf}lt

oyfy{ tYof+s
pknAw u/L
sfo{amdx?
lgdf{0f x'g
;S5 .

cf+lzs ?kdf tYof+s pknAw ePsf] .

n}lus lx+;f
Go"lgs/0f ug{
;lsG5 .

ljleGg ;r]tgfd'ns sfo{qmdx?

;~rfng eO{/x]sf] .
h];L sldl6 5 .
cfocfh{gsf] nflu ljleGg lzkd'ns
sfo{qmdx? ;~rfng eO{/x]sf] .
dlxnf lx+;fdf sfd ug]{ ljleGg
;+3;+:yfx? ;lqmo /x]sf] .
dlxnf clwsf/sdL{x? klg lg/Gt/
cfjfh p7fpg ;'? u/]sf] .
;]km xfp; 5g\ .
kLl8t /fxt sf]if /x]sf] 5 .

199

ljBfnosf] ef}lts ;+/rgf

ckfd}qL gx'g' .
ljBfnosf] Aojxfl/s jftfj/0fdf
klg kof{Kt ;'wf/ x'g g;Sg' .
kof{Kt dfqfdf tflnd k|fKt
lzIfssf] cefj-;fFs]lts, a|]n
lnkL, af}l4s_
pknAw ePsf ;fdu|Lx?sf] klg
pkof]lutfk"j{s k|of]udf
gNofpg'Nofpg gnufpg' .
kof{Kt ;xfos ;fdu|L pknAw x'g
g;Sg' .
pknAw ePklg ;xfos ;fdu|Lsf]
d"No ltg{ g;Sg' .
cfjZoQmf cg';f/ kof{Kt tflnd
;fdu|Lsf] cefj .
hgu0fgf ubf{sf] avt k|efjsf/L
u0fsx?sf] cefj tyf
lhDd]jf/Lsf] klg cefj x'g' .
;/f]sf/jfnf-lhlj;, lhk|sf,
lhNnf k|x/L, gful/s ;dfh,
/fhgLlts bn_ sf] yk ;xof]usf]
cfjZoQmf .
kL8ssf] kIfaf6 kLl8tdfly bafj
cfpFbf kLl8t emg\ k5fl8 kg'{ .
$% lbgkl5 ;]km xfp;df a:g
gkfPkl5 ;8sdf hfg' kg]{ cj:yf
5.

;Defjgf

cj;/

r'gf}lt

Psn dlxnfsf]
Ifdtf clej[l4
x'g ;S5 .

hgr]tgfsf] sfo{qmdx? ;~rfng

ePsf] .
lzkd'ns tflnd tyf pRr lzIffdf
kx'Fr ePsf] .
;/sf/L lgsfodf klg cf+lzs ?kdf
;xeflutf /x]sf] .

of}lgs tyf
n}+lus
cNk;+Vosx?,
;dlnL tyf
t];|f]
lnLx?dfly
x'g] ;fdflhs
tyf nf~5gf
tyf e]befj
Go"lgs/0f ug{
;lsG5 .
of}lgs tyf
n}+lus
cNk;+Vosx?s
f]nflu Ifdtf
ljsf; eO{
cfTdlge{/
x'g]5 .
PrcfO{eL /
P8\; /f]syfd
sfo{qmd ug{
;lsG5 .

;Kt/L lhNfndf of}lgs tyf n}lus

cNk;+Vosx?sf] nflu ;+u7g :yfkgf
ePsf] .
lhlj; / gu/kflnsfn] ;dln+uL tyf
t];|f]ln+uLx?sf] ah]6 ljlgof]hgsf]nflu
kxn ePsf] .
t];|f]ln+uLsf] ;jfnx?nfO{ kf7\ok':tsdf
;dfj]z / gful/stf, kf;kf]6{df t];|f]
ln+uL eg]/ pNn]v ePsf] .

Psn dlxnfnfO{ x]g]{ ;fdflhs

b[li6sf]0fdf g} w]/} ;'wf/ Nofpg'kg]{
.
3/ kl/jf/sf] ;d]t c;xof]u
eO{/x]sf] .
gful/stfsf] ;d:of
ljjfx btf{sf] ;d:of .
;Dkltdf Psn dlxnfsf] kx'Frsf]
cefj .
r]tgfsf] sdL .
afn ljjfx .
bx]h k|yf .
Gofodf Psn dlxnfsf] kx'Frdf
sdL .
3/ kl/jf/, ;dfhsf] dfofaf6
jl~rt x'g', alxis[t x'g' .
hah{:tL ljkl/t ln+uL;Fu ljjfx
ul/lbg] u/]sf] .
:jtGq ?kn] lx+88'n ug{ gkfpg] .
;fj{hlgs ;]jfx? M c:ktfn,
ljBfno, rkL{ h:tf ;]jfsf]
;d:of .
k}lqs ;Dkltaf6 jl~rt

;/sf/L tyf u}/;/sf/L lgsfodf l;k

ljsf; h:tf sfo{qmddf ;xefuL
u/fPsf] .
:yfgLo lgsfodf jsfnt tyf k}/aL
u/]sf] .
t];|f]ln+uL:x? v'Ng ;xh ePsf] .

cfwf/e"t lzIff, /f]huf/, :jf:Yo,

dfgjclwsf/, 5fqj[lQaf6 jl~rt
ePsf] .

bft[ lgsfox?sf] ;xof]udf @))& b]lv

PrcfO{eL / P8\; sfo{qmd ;~rfng
ePsf] .
;Kt/L lhNnfsf] uflj;x?df ;fyL
lzIfs sfo{qmd ;~rfng ePsf] .
s08d, n'la|s]G6 / lnkmn]6 ljt/0fdf
kx'Fr ePsf] .

of}g/f]u tyf PrcfO{eL / P8\;sf]

hf]lvd .

200

;Defjgf

cj;/

r'gf}lt

5'jf5'td'Qm
;dfhsf]
l;h{gf .

sfg'gL lgod / dfGotfsf] pknAwtf .

lzIffdf kx'Fr a9]sf] .
5'jf5't lj?4sf] hgr]tgfd'ns
sfo{qmdx? ;~rfng eO{/x]sf] .
cGt/hflto ljjfx / ;+/If0fsf] Aoj:yf
ePsf] .
dlxnfsf]
pd]/ k'uL ljjfx ug]{ k|rng a9]sf] .
k|hgg
;~rf/dfWodsf] k|of]u k|r'/ dfqfdf
:jf:Yodf ;'wf/
ePsf] .
x'g]5 .
dlxnfsf] k|hgg :jf:Yosf] sfg'gL
dfGotf ePsf] .
lkm:6'nfsf] lgMz'Ns ck/]zgsf] ;'ljwf
w/fgdf ePsf] .
dlxnfsf] dGh'/Ldf ue{ktg ug{ kfpg]
.
kf7]3/ v:g] ;d:ofsf]nflu lgMz'Ns
;]jf ug]{ ;+3 ;+:yfx? sfo{/t x'g' .

v'nf lb;fd'Qm ;Kt/LnfO{ ;g\ @)!^ ;Dd v'nf

lhNnfsf] ?kdf
lb;fd'Qm If]q 3f]if0ff ug]{ lg0f{o
;Kt/Lsf]
eO{;s]sf] .
ljsf; x'g]5 . ;Dk"0f{ ;/f]sf/jfnfx?nfO{ ;Fu;Fu}
n}hfg] k|of;x? eO{/x]sf] .
afnaflnsf /
aftfj/0fd}qL :yfgLo zf;g, afn
lszf]/lszf]/L
Sna, ;~hfn, ;+3;+:yfsf] Aoj:yf
ePsf], o'lg;]km, ;]e b lrN8]g, qm];
g]kfn nufosf ;+:yfx? sfo{/t
/x]sf] .

sfg'gn] bl08t u/]klg ;dfhdf

sfod} /x]sf] .
?9LjfbL / cGwljZjf; sfod /xg'
.
jfn ljjfx, bfOhf] k|yf,
ljjfxdf cfkm\gf] lg0f{o gx'g' .
5f]/f g} rflxG5 eGg] k'/ftg ;f]r
sfod /xg' .
pd]/ gk'uL efUg'df r]tgfsf]
cefj .
kf7]3/ v:g] ;d:of .

lhNnfsf] ;|f]t ;fwgsf] plrt

Aoj:yfkgsf] cefj .

aRrf hGdfpg] dlxnfsf]

clwsf/sf] af/]df gLlt gx'g' .
kl/jf/ lgof]hgsf] s'g ;fwg
k|of]u ug]{ eGg] laifodf dlxnfnfO{
clwsf/ gx'g' .
afn>d, afn of}g b'Ao{jxf/
lszf]/ lszf]/L lzIff, hGd btf{,
36gf btf{ gu/fpg' .

-$_ ef}lts k"jf{wf/ ;d'x

u|fdL0f / zx/L
;8s lgdf{0f
x'g' .

;dy/ hUuf .
lgdf{0f ;fdu|L h:t} /f]8f, afn'jf,
cflbsf] ;xh pknAwtf .
lhNNff oftfoft u'? of]hgf
(DTMP)tof/ ePsf] .

201

x'nfsL ;8s dd{t ;Def/ gx'g' .

gbLdf k'n gePsf] sf/0f ;d:of
x'g' .
u|fdL0f ;8s lgdf{0fdf plrt
Wofg / ah]6 gk'Ug' .
s[lif ;8snfO{ k|fyldstf glbg' .
;8s cltqmd0f x'g' .

;Defjgf

cj;/

r'gf}lt
l8lh6n Doflk u/L ;8s olsg
x'g g;Sg' .
;8s juL{s/0f ug]{ sfd gePsf] .
;8s b'O{tkmL{] x'g] u/L km/flsnf]
gx'g' .
;~rf/sf ;fwg ;lhn} pknAw
gx'g' .
afof] Uof;df ul/asf] kx'Fr gx'g' .
vfg]kfgL 6\ofFsLx?sf] ;b'kof]u
gePsf] .
ljtl/t vfg]kfgLsf] z'4tfk|lt
hgtf cfZj:t x'g g;Sg' .
hldg d'gLsf] kfgLdf cf;]{lgs x'g'
.
lgdf{0f sfo{sf] cg'udg /fd|f] gx'g]
u/]sf] .

-v_= AolQmut?kdf ;+sng ul/Psf ckftf ePsf JolQmx?sf ;jfnx?

@)&! c;f/ !# / !$ ut] dlxnf, blnt ;d'bfo / ckf+utf ePsf AolQmx?;Fu lhNnf:t/df
ul/Psf] cGt/lqmof sfo{qmdaf6 klxrfg ePsf ;jfnx? lgDgfg';f/ /x]sf 5g\ .
ckftf ePsf JolQmx?nfO{ ;dfhn] x]]g{] b[[li6sf]0f
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ckftf ePsf] JolQmnfO{ ufFp3/df x]nf ul/G5 .

ckftf ePsf] JolQmx?nfO{ km/s b[li6sf0fn] x]g]{ / ;dfhaf6 al~rt ug]{ u/LPsf] 5 .
w]/} o:tf] sfdx? 5g\ h'g ckftf ePsf] JolQmn] ug{ ;S5g, t/ ;fdflhs :t/af6
a'emfO{df km/s eP/ ug'{ ;Dej x'Fb}g .
ckftf ePsf] JolQmx?sf] cleefjsdf r]tgfsf] sdL /x]sf] 5, h;n] ubf{ ckftf ePsf]
JolQmx? 3/kl/jf/ / 6f]naf6 ckx]lnt 5g\ .
ckftf ePsf dlxnfx? 3/kl/jf/ / ;dfhaf6 w]/} ckx]lnt 5g\ .
ckftf ePsf dlxnfx?sf] lajfx ug{df klg ;d:of 5 .
ckftf ePsf] JolQm k|ltsf] e]befj, lzIffsf] sdL, hgr]tgfsf] sdL .
af}l4s ckftf ePsf] JolQmsf] x]/rfx / ;+/If0fsf] sdL, pgLx?sf] nflu cfjZos laBfno
/ ;+3;+:yf gePsf] .
af}l4s ckftf ePsf JolQmx?sf] cleefjsx?df pQ/bfloTj ;DaGwdf hgr]tgf gePsf] .
ckftf ePsf] JolQmnfO{ 3/af6 aflx/ lg:sg lb+b}g .
202

 ckftf ePsf JolQmx?sf] cfly{s cj:yf -cfo cfh{g / /f]huf/L_

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ckftf ePsf] JolQmx? xfn a]/f]huf/Lsf] ;d:ofdf 5g\ .

km/s Ifdtf ePsf] JolQmn] /f]huf/ kfpg g;s]sf] x'+bf p;sf] 5f]/f5f]/Lx? ul/jLsf] s'rqmdf
k/]sf 5g\ / pgLx?n] klg lasf;sf] d"nk|jfxdf ;dfj]z x'g lgs} r'gf}lt em]Ng' k/]sf] 5 .
xfdL zf/Ll/s ckftf ePsf] sf/0fn] sfdsfh ug{ g;s]sf]n] ubf{ cfo cfh{gdf ;d:of
x'G5, h;sf] sf/0f xfdLnfO{ vfg nfpg klg ;d:of 5 .
ckftf ePsf] JolQmx?df lzksf] sdL .
xfd|f] ufpFdf ckftf ePsf] JolQmx?sf] nfuL lgz'Ns lzkd'ns tflnd ePdf pgLx? cfTd
lge{/ eO{ cfgf] lhjgofkg ;+rfng ug{ kfOg] lyof] .
ckftf ePsf] JolQmx? a]/f]huf/ eP/ a;]sf 5g, pgLx?nfO{ ;'xfpFbf] lzkd'ns tflnd
lbg' kg]{ .
km/s Ifdtf ePsf] JolQmn] cj;/ kfpg g;Sg' .
zf/Ll/s ckftf ePsf] JolQmx?df lx8\gdf ;d:of ePsf] sf/0f ;dodf sfof{no k'Ugdf
sl7gfO{ .

ckftf ePsf JolQmx?sf] ;fdflhs tyf ;]jfdf kx'Frsf cj:yf

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cfdf a'af a]/f]huf/ ePsf]n] ckf JolQmnfO{ k9fO{df c;/ k5{ .

km/s Ifdtf ePsf JolQmx?sf] xfn lzIffsf] kgL 7"nf] r'gf}lt b]lvPsf] 5 .
;Kt/L lhNnf e/Ldf ckftf ePsf afnaflnsfx? lzIffaf6 al~rt ePsf] / ;/sf/ af6
k|fKt cg'bfg klg gkfPsf] .
ckftf ePsf] afnaflnsfnfO{ lx8\g / laBfno hfg ;d:of 5 .
k9fO{ n]vfO{ tyf b}lgs lhjgdf cuf8L a9g' kg]{ ;jfn .
ckftf ePsf] JolQmnfO{ laBfnodf k9g] / 5fqj[lQ lbg' kg]{ .
km/s Ifdtf ePsf JolQmnfO{ bIf gfu/Lssf] ?kdf tof/ ug{ ;Ifd k"jf{wf/sf] 68\sf/f]
cfjZostf k/]sf] 5 . bIf lzIfs / cfjZos k"jf{wf/sf] lgs} cefj /x]sf] 5 .
ul/jL tyf ckftfsf] sf/0f laBfnoSofDk; k9\gdf cK7\of/f] ePsf] .
ckftf ePsf dlxnfx?nfO{ cfgf] clwsf/ s] s] 5g eg]/ hfgsf/L gePsf] .

ckftf ePsf JolQmx?sf] tYof+s tyf gLltsf] cj:yf

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;Kt/L lhNnfdf ckftf ePsf] JolQmx?sf] ;lx tYof+s gx'g' .

laifout of]hgfdf af}l4s ckftfsf] ;jfn g;d]l6Psf] .
laleGg ckftf ePsf] JolQmsf] kl/ro jf klxrfg oy]i6 gePsf] .
;Kt/Ldf ckfd}qL laBfno / ;/sf/L sfof{no gePsf]n] ckftf ePsf] JolQmx?n]
;d:of ef]uL/x]sf 5g\ .
203

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;Kt/L lhNnfdf ckftf ;jfn;+u hf]8g] ;/sf/L sfof{nox?df kmf]sn JolQmx? 5g t/

pgLx?nfO{ ckftfsf] auL{s/0faf/] hfgsf/L gx'g' .
ckfx?sf] cfo cfh{gsf] nflu /fHo kIfaf6 ljgf lwtf] C0fsf] Joj:yf ug]{ gLlt gePsf] .
ldlt @)^( ;fndf h]l;h lgDg dfWoflds laBfnodf %^ dlxgf sfd u/fP/ lg:sf;g
u/LlbPsf] .
a; tyf oftfoftdf s'g} 5'6 gkfPsf] .
ckftf eQf gkfPsf] .
ckftf ePsf] JolQmx?n] laleGg ;d:ofx? ef]Ug' kg]{ ePsf]n] 3/kfos /f]huf/sf] Joj:yf
x'g' kg]{ .
ckfx?sf] lzk lasf; tyf k'gM{:yfkgfsf] Joj:yf gePsf], h:t}M 6fO;fOsn, XjLnlro/,
a}zfvL, s[lqd c+u cflb .

-u_= AolQmut ?kdf blnt ju{sf JolQmx?af6 ;+slnt ;jfnx?

blnt ju{sf] ;dfj]zLs/0fsf] cj:yf
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uflj;df 5'jf5'tsf] ;d:of / hflto e]befj cem} laBdfg 5 .

/fhgLltdf blnt ju{sf] kx"Fr sd ePsf] .
;Kt/Ldf blntsf] kx'Fr s'g} lgsfodf 5}g / s;}n] blntnfO{ dfGotf lb+b}g .
blnt ;d'bfodf dlxnfx?nfO{ a9L lx+;f x'G5 / dlxnfx?sf] sfo{af]em a9L 5 .
ckftf ePsf blntx?nfO{ s'g} ;'ljwf gePsf] .
cGt/hflto ljjfx ubf{ 7"nf] ju{n] blntnfO{ x]Kg] s'6\g], / af6f] aGb ug]{ ;d:of .
uflj;df ah]6 dlxnf / blntx?nfO{ glbg], blnt afnaflnsfx?sf] nflu sfo{qmd tyf
ah]6 glbPsf] .
blntnfO{ v]tdf sfd ug{ glbg] ;d:of .
:yfgLo txdf sfg"gL ;xfotfsf] ;'ljwf 5}g .

blnt ju{sf] cfly{s cj:yf -a;f]af;, cfo cfh{g / /f]huf/L_

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k9]n]v]sf blnt o'jfx? a]/f]huf/ 5g\ .

blnt dlxnfx?nfO{ /f]huf/ kfpg' c?nfO{ hlt ;lhnf] 5}g .
blnt ePs} sf/0f blnt dlxnfx?nfO{ /f]huf/sf] cj;/af6 al~rt 5g\ .
blntx?sf] cfo cfh{gsf] nflu lap k"FhLsf] Joj:yf gePsf] .
blnt a:tLdf af;:yfg /fd|f] 5}g, a;f]af; / hUufsf] ;d:of 5 - hgtf cfjf;
sfo{qmdnfO{ a9fpg' k/\of]_ .
blnt ;d'bfodf u/LjL w]/} 5, u/LjL lgjf/0f sfo{qmdnfO{ a9fpg' k/\of] .

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 blnt ju{sf] ;fdflhs tyf ;]jfdf kx'Frsf cj:yf

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blnt ;d'bfodf afn lzIff sfo{qmd / afn lasf; s]Gb| ejg gePsf] .
blnt ;d'bfodf hgr]tgfsf] sdL 5 .
!) b]lv !* aif{sf] blnt lszf]/ lszf]/Lx?n] Ifdtf ljsf; tflnd gkfPsf] .
blntx?df lzIffsf] sdL /x]sf] 5 .
blnt j:tLdf ;/;kmfO{, vfg]kfgL -6\o'a]n ck'u_, / rkL{sf] ;d:of 5 .
l;tfk'/ uflj; e]befj / lzIffsf] sf/0f blntx?sf] w]/} ;d:of 5 / rkL{ gePsf]
sf/0fn] w]/} ;d:of 5 .
blnt j:tLdf af6f]3f6f]sf] ;d:of 5, af6f] ulx/f] / lxnf] 5 .
gfu/Ls ;r]tgf s]Gb|sf] ejgsf] ;d:of 5 .
blnt j:tLdf s;}sf] 3/df rkL{ 5}g .
blnt dlxnfx?df cf v:g] ;d:of 5 .
blnt dlxnfx? u/La ePsf] sf/0fn] r]tgfdf kx'Fr x'g ;s]g .
blntx? cfkm}+ clzlIft ePsf] sf/0fn] 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ lzIff lbb}+g .
blnt a:tLdf 7"nf] 3/ 5}g, To;}n] ;fd'bflos ejgsf] cfjZostf 5 -aRrfx?nfO{
6\o";g k9fpg] 7fFp 5}g_ .

-3_= AolQmut?kdf dlxnfx?af6 ;+sng ul/Psf dlxnfsf ;jfnx?

dlxnfx?sf] ;dfj]zLs/0fsf] cj:yf
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11.

s'g} klg ljsf; sfo{of]hgfdf dlxnfx?nfO{ ;xefuL u/fOb}gg\ . dlxnfx?sf] cfjZostf

sfof{Gjog ul/ lbb}gg\ .
x/]s sfof{nodf dlxnfsf] ;jfnx?nfO{ ;'lgFb}gM sfof{nox?df dlxnf sd{rf/L clgjfo{
?kdf gePsf] .
dlxnfx? nfO{ x/]s If]qdf %) k|ltzt clwsf/ lbg'kg]{ t/ gePsf] .
:yfgLo ;|f]t ;fwg kx'Fsf] laifodf vf; u/L uflj;sf dlxnfx?nfO{ hfgsf/L gu/fOPsf] .
:yfgLo lgsfodf ePsf dlxnf ;DaGwL ah]6sf] af/]df /fhgLlts bnsf dlxnfx?nfO{
hfgsf/L glbg] u/]sf] .
ah]6, of]hgf tyf sfo{qmdaf/] hfgsf/Lsf] cefj, hfgsf/L ePklg dlxnfsf] lgis[o
;xeflutf x'g] u/]sf] .
:yfgLo lgsfosf] dlxnf;DaGwL ah]6 ljlgof]hgdf dlxnfx?nfO{ ;xefuL gu/fpg' .
/fhgLltdf dlxnfsf] kx'Frsf] sdL .
/fhgLltdf ;xefuL dlxnfsf] ;fwg ;|f]tsf] sdL x'g' .
dlxnf :jf:Yo :jod\;]ljsfn] lgMz'Ns ?kdf ;]jf ub}{ cfPklg :yfgLo lgsfodf
pgLx?sf]nflu 5'6\6} ah]6sf] Joj:yf gePsf] .
blnt dlxnfsf] ljsf; ;DalGw sfo{qmd kof{Kt gx'g' .
205

 dlxnfx?sf] cfly{s cj:yf -a;f]af;, cfo cfh{g / /f]huf/L_

1.
2.
3.

dlxnfnfO{ /f]huf/Lsf] ;d:of .

blnt dlxnfx?sfnflu ;Lkd'ns tflnd glbOg' .
dlxnfx?nfO{ cfly{s ;d:ofn] ufFh]sf] 5 .

dlxnfx?sf] ;fdflhs tyf ;]jfdf kx'Frsf cj:yf

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

dlxnfnfO{ lzIffsf] cefj, cj;/df kx'Frsf] cefj .

blnt ;d'bfosf] aflnsfx?sf] lzIffdf kx'Frsf] sdL .
ljBfnodf cfpg] blnt afnaflnsfn]] ;]jf ;'ljwf gkfpg' .
dlxnf ;+:yfdf cfDbfgL gePsf]n] dlxnfx?nfO{ hgr]tgf hufpg g;lsPsf] .
lszf]/Lx?nfO{ dlxgfaf/Lsf] ;d:of, kf7]3/ v:g], of}g/f]ux?af6 u|l;t 5g\ .
;"rgfsf] cefjn] ubf{ Gofodf dlxnfsf] kx'Frsf] sdL .
kf/flnun ;ldltdf Ifdtf ljsf;sf] cfjZostf .

dlxnfx?sf] clwsf/ ;+/If0fsf] cj:yf

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.

dlxnf lx+;f, 3/]n' lx+;f cTolws /x]sf] .

afn ljjfx cTolws x'g' .
af]S;Lsf] cf/f]kdf zf/Ll/s tyf dfgl;s oftgf lbOg] u/]sf] .
bfOhf] k|yf cTolws /x]sf]n] dlxnf kLl8t 5g\ .
dlxnf ;'/Iffsf] nflu :yfgLo k|zf;g ;lqmotf kof{Kt gePsf] .
ljjfx btf{ gul/g' .
dlxnfnfO{ 3/aflx/ hfg glbg] / k/ k'?if;Fu af]Nbf z+sf ug]{ k|j[lQ /x]sf] .
ufpFleq} dlxnf c;'/lIft 5g\ .
Psn dlxnfx?nfO{ PSn} lx+8\g, af]Ng ;d:of /x]sf] .
dlxnfnfO{ k'?if ;/x a/fa/ clwsf/ gePsf] .
lx+;fdf kb}{ cfPsf h]i7 gful/ssf] nflu klg 5'6\6} sfo{qmd gePsf] .

-_ ;d'x 5nkmnaf6 klxrfg ePsf ;jfnx?

@)&! c;f/ !# ut] ;Kt/L lhNnfdf cfof]lht lhNnf:t/Lo cGt/lqmof sfo{qmddf ckftf
ePsf] AolQmx?n] klxrfg u/]sf glthfx?, ;d:ofx? / ;d:of ;dfwfgsf pkfox? tn tflnsf
g+= !!=@ df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .

206

tflnsf g+=11.2M ;d'x 5nkmnaf6 klxrfg ePsf ;jfnx?

s] ePsf] b]Vg rfxg'x'G5 <
;d:of s] 5g\<
-s_ ckftfePsf JolQmx?
!= ckftf ePsf AolQmx?
/fHof/f k|bQ xsflwsf/
tyf ;]jf ;'ljwfx? ;xh
?kdf k|fKt u/L Aojxfl/s
hLjg pkef]u ub}{ ;
;Ddfg hLjgofkg ul//x]sf]
b]Vg rfxG5f}+ .

af}l4s ckftf ePsf ;a}

AolQmx?n] kl/ro kq k|fKt
u/]sf x'g]5g\ .

!= /fHof/f pknAw ;]jf

;'ljwfx?sf] hfgsf/Lsf] cefj
@= lzIff
s_ ckfd}qL sIffsf]7fsf]
cefj
v_ tflnd k|fKt lzIfs /
;xof]uL -a|]n lnkL, ;fFs]lts
efiff_ sf] cefj
u_= ckfd}qL Aojxf/sf]
cefj
#= :jf:Yo
s_ c:ktfndf ckfd}qL
ef}lts ;+/rgfsf] cefj .
v_ lgMz'Ns cf}iflw pkrf/sf]
cefj
u_ 5'} z}ofsf] cefj
$= /f]huf/L
v_ lghL ;+3 ;+:yfx?df
ckftf ePs} sf/0f
cj;/af6 jl~rt u/]sf] .
u_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] ;Lk,
bIftf xfl;n u/]sf / gu/]sf
AolQmxsf] klxrfg gu/]sf] .
% :yfgLo ;|f]t ;fwgdf
kx'Frsf] cefj
s_ uflj; :t/df ljsf;fTds
5nkmn tyf of]hgfsf
laifox?df ckfd}qL
;xeflutfsf] cefj
u_ ;fdflhs e]befj tyf
?9LafbL k/Dk/f sfod .
k|rf/ k|;f/ / r]tgfsf] sdL
lhDd]jf/ lgsfon] k|fyldstf
glbg' .

af}l4s ckftf nufotsf

ckfd}qL ljBfnosf]
207

s] ug'{knf{<

!= ;r]tgfd'ns sfo{qmdx? ;~rfng

ug'{knf{ .
@= ckfd}qL ef}lts ;+/rgfsf] kof{Kt
lgdf{0f ug'{knf{ .
#= ckftf ;DalGw ag]sf ;Dk"0f{ gLlt
lgodx?sf] sfof{Gjog u/fpg' kg]{ .
$= :jf:Yo ;DalGw gLlt, lgodsf]
lg/Gt/ sfof{Gjogdf hf]8 lbg] .
%=:yfgLo :t/df ckfd}qL ljz]if
;'ljwf pknAw u/fpg]-cf}iflw, a]8_
^= lghL ;+3 ;+:yfx?nfO{ ckftf
ePsf AolQmx?nfO{ klxnf]
k|fyldstfdf /fvL sfd ug]{ cj;/
lbg afWosf/L agfpg] vfnsf] gLlt
lgdf{0f ug]{ .
&= g]kfn ;/sf/n] hgu0fgf ubf{
:ki6 / k"0f{ ;"rgf ;fj{hlgs ug{
s8f Joj:yf ug]{ .
(= g]kfn ;/sf/sf] lgodfg';f/
;dfj]zLtkm{ x'g] u/]sf ljleGg
ls;Ldsf cfof]usf k/LIffx?df
k/LIff s]Gb| ckfd}qL agfpg
nufpg] .
!)= ;/f]sf/jfnfx?;Fu ckftf ePsf
JolQmx?nfO{ k|bfg ul/Psf] ;]jf
;'ljwf ;DaGwdf cGt/lqmof ug]{ .

;a} uflj;df k|rf/ k|;f/ sfo{qmd

;~rfng ug'{kg]{ .
;a} af}l4s ckftf ePsf
afnaflnsfx?n] /ftf] sf8{ k|fKt ug]{
cj:yf ;[hgf u/L ;+ul7t u/fpg' kg]{
/ cleefjsx?nfO{ ;+ul7t u/fpg'kg]{
xfn ePsf ljBfnox?df ckfd}qL

s] ePsf] b]Vg rfxg'x'G5 <

;a} ckf afnaflnsfx?n]
;xh} ljBfno uP/
k7gkf7g ug{ ;Sg]5g\ .

ckf cleefjx?sf]
cfocfh{g ;'lglZrt eO{
hLjg ofkg ug{ ;lhnf]
x'g]5 .
;Dk"0f{ kbflwsf/L tyf
AolQmx?n] ckftf ePsf
AolQmx?sf] lk/dsf{x?nfO{
a'lem ;f]xL cg';f/sf]
Aojxf/ u/]sf x'g] 5g\ .
;fd'bflos ;+3 ;+:yf
ckfd}qL ePsf] x'g]5 .
ckftf ePsf dlxnfx?n]
klg ;Ddfgk"j{s afFRg
kfPsf x'g]5g\ .
/fHon] lbg] ;a} k|sf/sf
;'ljwfaf6 ;a} k|sf/sf
ckftf ePsf AolQmx?
nfeflGjt ePsf x'g] 5g\ .
ckftf ePsf AolQmx?sf]
ljjfx ePsf] b]Vg rfxG5f}+ .

;d:of s] 5g\<

s] ug'{knf{<

cefj .
afnaflnsfnfO{ 6fO{
;fOsn pknAw gx'g' .
afnaflnsfx?nfO{
cfjZos :jf:Yo ;]jf
pknAw gx'g' .
;Lkd'ns tflndsf ;fy}
/f]huf/Lsf] cefj
cfo cfh{g ;fgf, demf}nf
pBf]u tflndsf] cefj
ckftf ePsf AolQmx?sf]
;d:ofnfO{ ;/f]sf/jfnfn]
ga'lemlbg'-sf/0f r]tgfsf]
sdL_

ejg lgdf{0f x'g'kg]{ .

ckf afnaflnsfnfO{
6fO{;fOsn;lxt ;a} ;xof]uL
;fdu|L pknAw u/fpg'kg]{ .
c;Qm afnaflnsfx?nfO{ :jf:Yo
;'ljwf lbg'kg]{ .
cfod'ns;Lkd'ns tflndsf] Aoj:yf
ug]{ .
;xsf/Ldf cfa4 eO{ afv|f, ufO{e}+;L,
;'Fu'/ kfng sfo{qmd ug'{kg]{ .
;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfosf kbflwsf/L tyf
AolQmx?;Fu ckftf ePsf
AolQmx?sf] aLr ;dfj]zL 9+un]
;xsfo{ ug]{ jftfj/0f l;h{gf ug'{kg]{ .

;fd'bflos ;+3;+:yf ckfd}qL

gx'g-' ckftf ePsf]
AolQmx?sf] lk/dsf{ a'em\g
g;Sg'_
ckftf ePsf dlxnf k'?ifsf]
t'ngfdf a9L kLl8t x'g' .dlxnfk|lt x]g]{ b[li6sf]0fdf
kl/jt{g gcfpg' ._
/fHon] lbg] ;]jf ;'ljwfaf6
clwsf+z ckf ju{ jl~rt
x'g-' ;/sf/ ckftf ePsf
AolQmk|lt Tolt ;+j]bgzLn
gePsf], :ki6 dfkb08sf]
cefj x'g'_
ckftf ePsf AolQm;Fu ljx]
ug{ gdfGg' .

;/sf/n] ;Dk"0f{ ;fd'bflos ;+3 ;+:yf

ckfd}qL gx'g]nfO{ s'g} ls;Ldsf
;xof]u ;'ljwf gkfpg] gLlt
agfpg'kg]{ .
cleefjsaf6} pgLx?k|ltsf] wf/0ff
kl/jt{g ug{ r]tgfd'ns sfo{qmd
ug'{kg]{ .

ckftf ePsf AolQmx?sf] ;Kt/Ldf ckf k'g/:yfkg

k'g/:yfkgsfnlfu 5'}
s]Gb| gx'g' .
sfof{no ePsf] b]Vg rfxG5f}+
.

/fHon] ckftf ePsf AolQmx?fnflu

lbg] ;'ljwfsf] nflu ;|f]tsf] a[l4
ug'{kg]{ / ;]jf ;'ljwf ljt/0fsf] :i6
dfkb08 lgwf{/0f ug'{kg]{ .
ckf / ckfaLr ljx] ug]{ hf]8LnfO{
/f]huf/sf] Aoj:yf ul/g'kg]{ .
ckf / ;faLr ljx] ug]{ hf]8LnfO{
/fHo kIfn] slDtdf kfFr nfv ?k}ofF
k|f]T;fxg :j?k lbg'kg]{ .
/fHo kIfn] ;Kt/L lhNnfdf Ps
k'g/:yfkg s]Gb| tyf ckftf ;xfotf
s]Gb| lgdf{0f u/L kl/rfng ug'{kg]{ .

-v_ dlxnfx?sf ;jfnx?

;a} dlxnfsf] lzIffdf kx'Fr

lzIff cfh{g ug{ dlxnfx?n]

208

u'0f:t/Lo tyf k|efjsf/L lzIff

s] ePsf] b]Vg rfxg'x'G5 <

ePsf] x'g]5 .

:yfgLo ljsf;sf] sfddf

dlxnfx?sf] kx'Fr x'g]5 .
;Dk"0f{ dlxnfx?n] cfo
cfh{g u/L cfTdlge{/
ePsf] .
5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ a/fa/Lsf] xs
clwsf/ ePsf] .
;a} sfof{nodf a/fa/L k'?if
/ dlxnf sd{rf/L ePsf]

;d:of s] 5g\<
cj;/ gkfpg'
sf/0fM
cfly{s cefj, ;fdflhs
e]befj, 3/fo;L sfsf] af]em,
dlxnf lzIffsf] dxTjsf]
af/]df yfxf gx'g' .
dlxnfx?nfO{ ;"rgfsf] cefj,
?l9afbL ;f]r tyf 3/fo;L
sfdsf] af]em
dlxnf clzlIft / 3/ kLl8t
ePsf] b]lvG5 .

a/fa/Lsf] clwsf/ gePsf]n]

cfTdan 36]sf] b]lvG5 .
dlxnf sd{rf/Lsf] ;V+of yf]/}
ePsf]n] k'?if ju{af6 x]Kg]
k|j[lQ ePsf] b]lvG5 .
afn of}g zf]if0f cGTo
afnaflnsfx?nfO{ ;fg}
x'g'kg]{
sIffb]lv of}g lzIffsf] Aoj:yf
x'g'kg]{ .
dlxnf / lszf]/Lx? of}glx+;f af6f]3f6f], PsfGt ePsf] a]nf
/ anfTsf/af6 d'Qm ePsf] . dlxnf lx+;f ljz]if x'G5 .
lx+;f kLl8t dlxnfx?sf]
Gofodf ;xh kx'Fr x'g]5 .

ckf, Psn dlxnfx?sf]

klg :yfgLo lgsfox?df
cy{k"0f{ ;xeflutf ePsf]
x'g]5 .
dlxnfx?sf] :jf:Yodf ;'wf/
ePsf] x'g]5 .
bx]h lng] lbg] sfd sd
ePsf] x'g]5 .
afnljjfxdf cGTo ePsf] .

s] ug'{knf{<
;~rfng x'g'kg]{ .
zLk ljsf;sf] nflu sfo{fqmdx?
;~rfng ug'{kg]{ .
hgr]tgfd'ns sfo{qmdx? ;~rfng
ug'{kg]{ .
%) k|ltzt dlxnfnfO{ clgjfo{ ?kdf
;xefuL u/fpg'kg]{ sfg"gL Joj:yf
ug'{kg]{ / dlxnfx?nfO{ k|]/0ff lbg' kg]{
dlxnfnfO{ lzlIft / lgw{Ss agfpg
3/ kl/af/af6 ;xof]u ug'{knf{ .
/fHoaf6 a/fa/Lsf] xs clwsf/sf]
Aoj:yf ug'{knf{ .
;+ljwfgdf dlxnfx?sf] nflu %)
k|ltzt /f]huf/Lsf] ;'lglZrt x'g'kg]{ .
o;sf] nflu /fHoaf6 of}g lzIff
;DalGw kf7\oqmd g} nfu' ug'{knf{ .

cfpg] ;do ;+ljwfgdf dlxnf lx+;f,

afnaflnsf ;DaGwdf sfg'g agf];\,
tflnd uf]i7L x'g'kg]{ .
;r]tgf jf lzIffsf] sdL
hGdl;4 ;Dklt clwsf/sf] Joj:yf
cfly{s cefj, lg0f{o Ifdtfdf /fHon] sfg'gL ;xfotf lgMz'Ns ug'{kg]{
sdL
.
:yfgLo txdf sfg'gL dfGotf :yfgLo txdf sfg'gL clwjQmfsf]
gx'g'
b/aGbL x'gkg{] .
kLl8tsf] ;fIfLsf] ;'/Iff g'x'g 5f]/LnfO{ pRr lzIff lgMz'Ns x'gkg]{ .
.
:yfgLo lgsfox?df ckf
:yfgLo lgsfox?df ckf tyf Psn
tyf Psn dlxnfx?sf] vf]hL dlxnfx?sf] vf]hL lglt ul/g'kg]{ .
lglt gx'g' .
dlxnfx?sf] :jf:Yo ;DalGw
hfgsf/L glbg' .
ljx]df bx]h dfUg' .
sd pd]/df ljx] ug'{ .

209

dlxnfx?nfO{ :jf:Yo ;DalGw tflnd

lbg'kg]{ .
bx]hsf] af/]df hgr]tgf hufpg]
sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul/g' kg]{ .
afn ljjfx af/]df hgr]tgf ;DalGw
tflndsf] Aoj:yf

s] ePsf] b]Vg rfxg'x'G5 <

;a} Psn dlxnfx?sf]
Ifdtf clej[l4 ePsf] .

;d:of s] 5g\<

s] ug'{knf{<

3/kl/jf/ / ;dfhsf] bafj

x/]s uflj;df Psn dlxnfx?nfO{

e]nf u/fO{ Ifdtf clej[l4 ug{] /
hgr]tgf km}nfpg]
;a} dlxnf ;xsf/Lx?
s]xL hfgsf/L gePsf]
/fHon] ;xsf/L ;DalGw ljleGg
ljsf; ePsf] .
ls;Ldsf] tflndx?sf] Aoj:yf ug'{kg]{
/fhgLltdf dlxnfsf] klg
5f]/L a'xf/LnfO{ /fhgLlt ug{ /fhgLltdf lgjf{rg If]q, uflj;
;dfg clwsf/ ePsf]+ .
glbg] u/]sf] .
dlxnfsf] nflu cf/lIft ePsf] 3f]if0ff
ul/g'k5{ .
k|To]s uflj;df dlxnf
ah]6 laifodf hfgsf/L
;a} dlxnfx?n] ah]6sf] af/]df
;fd'bflos ejg ePsf] .
gePsf]
hfgsf/L kfpg'kg]{ .
x/]s sfof{nodf dlxnfsf]
dlxnfx? Sfd ug{ hfFbf lgSs} /fHon] o;sfnflu gLlt lgod agfpg]
s'/f ;'Gg] 5'} Aoj:yf ePsf] ;d:of kg]{ u/]sf] .
.
.

-u_ blntx?sf] ;jfnx?

ul/aL / cefjsf] cGTo
ePsf] b]Vg rfxG5f}+ .
;a} ul/a blntsf] l6gsf]
5fgf ;lxtsf] 3/ ePsf]
cfkm" a;]sf] hUufsf]
nfnk'hf{ k|fKt u/]sf] .
;Dk"0f{ blnt afnaflnsf
lzlIft ePsf x'g]5g\ .
;a} blntsf] gful/stf
ePsf]
af6f] u|fe]n tyf lkr
;8saf6f] ePsf] b]Vg
rfxG5f}+
;a} blntsf] 3/df ljh'nL
an]sf] x'g]5 .
;a} v]tdf l;+rfOsf]
Joj:yf eO pAhfp ePsf]
x'g]5 .
;a} blnt ju{sf
AolQmx?nfO{ lgMz'Ns cf}iflw
pkrf/ ;]jf kfPsf x'g]5g\ .
;a} uflj;df ;r]tgf s]Gb|
nflu ejgsf] Joj:yf .
;kmf blnt j:tL .

ul/aL Go"lgs/0f gx'g' .

/fHokIfn] u/Llj Go"lgs/0f sfo{qmd

;a} ufpF j:tLdf nfu' ug'{knf{ .
3/af;sf] ;d:of
hgtf cfjf; sfo{qmd l56f] nfu'
ug'{knf{ .
a;f]af;sf] hUufsf] ;d:of
xfn a;f]af; ul//x]sf] ufpF
AnsP]nfgL hUufsf] p;}sf] gfddf
btf{ ug'{kg]{ .
lzIffsf] ;d:of
blnt j:tLdf ljz]if ljBfno,
cfjf;Lo tyf vfhf / :6]zg/Lsf]
Aoj:yf ul/g'kg]{ .
gful/stfsf] ;d:of
lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nodfkm{t :ynut
lg/LIf0f u/L gful/stf lbg'kg]{ .
blnt j:tLdf af6f]df lxnf]sf] lhlj; / uflj;sf] cg'bfg /sd
;d:of x'g' .
a9fpg'kg]{ t/ e|i6frf/nfO{ /f]Sg' k5{ .
ljB'tsf] ;d:of

hUuf gePsfx"nfO{ ld6/ glbg]

Aoj:yf x6fpg'knf{ .
8Lk af]l/, :ofnf] 6\o"a]nsf] Aoj:yf
ug'{knf{ .

v8]/Lsf] ;d:of

:jf:Yo ;+:yfdf blntx?sf]

ePsf :jf:Yo ;+:yfsf] ;]jf 7"nf 7"nf
cf}iflw pkrf/ lgMz'Ns gx'g' . af]nafnf ePsfx?sf] Aoj:yf cGTo
u/L ;]jf kx'Fraf/] ;r]tgf ug'{knf{ .
;r]tgf s]Gb|sf] ejg ;d:of cg'bfgsf] /sdsf] Aoj:yf ug'{knf{ .
vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO{sf]
210

rkL{ tyf vfg]kfgLsf] nflu %)

s] ePsf] b]Vg rfxg'x'G5 <

k|fljlws lzIffdff blnt
5fq5fqfsf] kx'Fr j[l4
ePsf].
blnt dlxnfx? :j:y /x]sf]
.
;a} blnt dlxnf tyf k'?if
/f]huf/ ePsf] .
k|To]s uflj;df jly{ ;]G6/
ePsf] x'g]5 .

uflj;df dlxnf / blntsf]

ah]6 ;f]xL If]qdf vr{
ePsf]
;a} blnt j:tLdf
vfg]kfgLsf] Aoj:yf ePsf]
x'g]5 .
blnt j:tLx?df k7gkf7g
u/fpg] sfo{qmd ;~rfng
ePsf] x'g]5 .
blnt dlxnfx? s'/Lltaf6
kLl8t geO{ ;Ddfgk"j{s
afFr]sf x'g]5g\ .

;d:of s] 5g\<
;d:of
blnt 5fq5fqf sDKo'6/
lzIffaf6 jl~rt ePsf] .
blnt dlxnfdf cf v:g]
;d:of
blnt dlxnf tyf k'?if
a]/f]huf/ x'g' .
kf7]3/ v;]sf] dlxnfnfO{ l/
nufpg 6f9f ePsf], ;'Ts]/L
u/fpg 6f9f hfg'kg]{, kl/jf/
lgof]hgsf] ;Nnfx lng 6f9f
hfg'kg]{,
uflj; kl/ifb\df dlxnfnfO{
;xefuL gu/fpg], dlxnfsf]
If]qdf 5'6\ofOPsf] sfo{qmd
gx'g', blnt dlxnf lg/If/
x'g',
;/;kmfO{ gx'g', kf]v/Ldf
g'xfpg] ug'{ .

s] ug'{knf{<
cg'bfgsf] Joj:yf .
/fHo kIfaf6 blnt 5fq5fqfnfO{
sDKo'6/ tyf k|fljlws lzIff lgMz'Ns
Aoj:yf .
lgMz'Ns pkrf/sf] Aoj:yf ul/g'kg]{ .
/fHokIfaf6 cg'bfg lgMz'Ns lbg'kg]{ .
k|To]s uflj;df Pp6f jly{ ;]G6/
:yfkgf ug'{kg / jly{ ;]G6/df
clgjfo{ ?kdf ;'Ts]/L u/fpg
hgr]tgf hufpg'kg]{
kl/ifb\df clgjfo{ ?kdf blnt
dlxnfnfO{ ;xefuL u/fpg'kg]{, dfu]sf]
ah]6 pkef]Qmf agfP/ pknAw
u/fpg'kg]{ .

6\o"j]n h8fg ug'{kg]{, uflj;n] ;xof]u

ug'{kg]{, pkef]Qmf agfP/ sfof{Gjog
u/fO{ lbg'kg.
e|i6frf/ x'g', ljsf;Lo /sd ckf AolQmx?nfO{ sk8f, vfgfsf]
bn / ;lrj ldn]/ vfg] u/]sf] Aoj:yf ldnfpg'kg]{ .
.
3/af6 lg:sg glbg], blnt
hgr]tgfd'ns sfo{qmd ug'{kg]{,
Psn dlxnfnfO{ ;Ddfg gug]{, ;fdflhs cleofg rnfpg'kg]{ .
wgLsf] 3/ v]tdf sfd ug{
hfFbf ufu|Ldf kfgL /fv]sf]
blnt dlxnfn] vfg gkfpg]
dlxnfx?sf] k|hgg
cf v:g] ;d:of, r]tgfsf]
:jf:Yo ;DalGw hgr]tgf hufpg],
:jf:Yodf ;'wf/ ePsf] x'g]5 sdL
:jf:Yo ;]jfdf kx'Fr a9fpg] .
.

211

!!=#:jf:Yo If]qsf ;jfnx?

!= lhNnfdf @$ :jf:Yo ;+:yfx?df k|;'lt ;]jf s]Gb| (Birthing Centers);+rfngdf /x]sf] t/
;x>fAbL ljsf; nIo cg';f/ @)!% ;Dd *) k|ltzt ;'/lIft k|;"lt ;]jf k|bfg ug'{ kg]{ -xfn
lhNnfsf] %@ k|ltzt dfq /x]sf]_ nIf xfl;n ug{sf nflu tTsfn} yk aly{ ;]G6/x?sf]
:yfkgf u/L ;f] ;]G6/df b'O{ hgf c=g=dL=x?sf] Joj:yf u/L -! hgf c=g=dL= :jf=tyf
hg;+Vof dGqfnoaf6 sfo{/t /x]sf] / aly{sf nflu cf}ifwL / pks/0fsf] Joj:yf ;d]t
eO{/x]sf] t/ :yfgLo lgsfoaf6 c=g=dL=sf] Joj:yf ug]{ egL lgltut lg0f{o eP klg ;f] sfd
k|efjsf/L ?kn] cuf8L ga9]sf cj:yf ljBdfg /x]sf]_ Jofks ?kdf ;'/lIft dft[Tj
sfo{qmdnfO{ k|fyldstf ;fy ;+rfng ug'{ kg]{ b]lvG5 h;df :yfgLo lgsfosf] e"ldsf cxd
/x]sf] 5 .
@= dlxnf :jf:Yo :jo+ ;]ljsfx?n] ;d"bfo :t/Lo ;Dk"0f{ :jf:Yo ultljlwx?df k|ToIf ;+nUg /xL
:jf:Yo ;'wf/ sfo{df cxf]/fq ;]jf k'ofpFb} cfO/x]sf] / jxfFx?sf] nugzLntfs} sf/0f o;
lhnnfdf afnd[To' / dft[ d[To'df Aofks sdL ePsf] t/ :yfgLo :t/af6 jxfFnfO{ dgf]jn
pRr agfO{ /fVg Go"gtd dfl;s a}7s eQfsf] ?kdf ?= Ps xhf/ -!)))_ lbg dgfl;a
b]lvPsf]n] ;f] sfo{df :yfgLo uf=lj=;= / lh=lj=;=af6 ;xof]u ug{ h?/L 5 .
#= k|To]s j8fdf :jf:Yo cfdf ;d"xdf lgoldt a}7sdf hf]8 lbO{ j8f :t/Lo :jf:Yo ;'wf/
sfo{df 6]jf k'ofpg ;fdflhs kl/rfng ug{ u/fpg h?/L b]lvG5 .
$=;a} uf=lj=;=x?df /f]u lgoGq0f sfo{qmd cGtu{t Ifo/f]u, dn]l/of, lkmn]l/of, sfnfhf/f,
s'i7/f]u lgoGq0f, /f]syfd, lgjf/0f tyf pGd"ngsf] nflu lgMz'Ns cf}ifwf]krf/ nufot
hgr]tgf clea[l4 sfo{ ;+rfng x'Fb} cfO/x]sf] t/ lhNnfsf] klZrdL e]sdf k|of]uzfnf hfFrsf]
;'ljwf / c:ktfn ;'ljwf g/x]sf] x'Fbf hgtfsf] kx'Fr gePsf] / :jf:Yo ;'wf/ sfo{df ck]lIft
k|ltkmn ;d]t xfl;n x'g g;s]sf] x'Fbf af]b]a;f{Og O{nfsf x]Ny kf]i6df @% ;}ofsf] c:ktfn,
;f] c:ktfnsf] :yfkgf geP;Ddsf] nflu Ifo/f]u, dn]l/of / HIV/AIDS/f]usf] lgMz'Ns hfFrsf]
nflu k|of]uzfnf ;]jf ;+rfngfy{ Ps hgf Nofa cl;:6]G6sf] :yfgLo :t/af6 kfl/>ldssf]
dfl;saflif{s Joj:yf ug{ ckl/xfo{ b]lvPsf] 5 . ;fy} af]b] a;f{Ogdf Ps PDa"n]G; ;]jf
;+rfngsf nflu s]Gb|Lo :t/df l;kmfl/z ug]{ klg h?/L b]lvG5 h;af6 ue{jtL, ;'Ts]/L
dlxnf, aRrf / l;ls:t lj/fdLnfO{ Hofg arfpg] sfo{df ;xof]u k'Ug]5 .
%=lhNnfdf a9\bf] HIV/AIDSsf] k|sf]k o; lhNnfdf a9bf] qmddf /x]sf] h;af6 ;Kt/Laf;Lsf]
:jf:Yo ;'wf/ tyf cfly{s ljsf;df gsf/fTds c;/ kb}{ uO/x]sf] x'Fbf af]b]a;f{Og Onfsf
:jf:Yo rf}sLdf HCT/PMTCT-lgMz'Ns hfFr_ ;]jf ;+rfngfy{ :jf=;]=lj= /fli6o P8\; /f]u
lgoGq0f s]Gb|df l;kmfl/z ug{ cfjZos b]lvG5 .
!!=$afnaflnsfx?sf] ;jfn, ;d:of / dfux?
lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt ;Kt/Ln] @)&) df3 !^ ut] /fhla/fhdf cfof]hgf u/]sf] lhNnf:t/Lo
afne]nfdf lhNnfsf] ;a} !!$ uflj;x? / /fhla/fh gu/kflnsfsf] !) j6f j8fsf afnSna
;+hfn cWoIf / k|ltlglwx?sf] ;xeflutfdf Aofks 5nkmn e} lgDgfg';f/sf] ;d:ofx?sf]
klxrfg ePsf] afnaflnsfx?n] pgLx?sf] ;jf{l0f ljsf;sf nflu lgDgfg';f/sf sfo{qmd?sf]
dfux? u/]sf 5g\ .
212

afnaflnsfx?sf] k|d'v ;jfn tyf ;d:ofx?M

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.

cj}w sfddf afnaflnsfx?sf] k|of]u x'g] u/]sf] .

afnaflnsfx?nfO{ /fhlglts sfo{df k|of]u ug]{ u/]sf] .
lg0f{o k|lqmofdf afnaflnsfx?sf] cy{k'0f{ ;xeflutf gx'g' .
xf]6n / O{+6f efdf afaaflnsfx?nfO{ k|of]u ug]{ .
afn ljjfx / bfO{hf] k|yf Jofks /xg' .
afnaflnsf dfly b'Jo{jxf/ ug]{ kl/kf6L ljBdfg /x]sf] .
5f]/fnfO{ dfq ljBfno k9fpg] k/Dk/f /x]sf] .
afnaflnsfx?sf] nflu kof{Kt tflndsf] Joj:yf x'g g;Sg' .
w]/} 5f]/Lx? hlGdPdf dfl/g], bfg lbg], g/fd|f] Jojxf/ ug]{, vfg glbg k|yf ljBdfg .
;8s afnaflnsfx?nfO{ a:g] Joj:yf x'g g;Sg' .
;dodf ljBfno gv'Ngfn] k9fO{df ;d:of kg]{ u/]sf] .
gbL gfnfdf af9L cfPdf ljBfno hfg gkfpg] cj:yf /x]sf] .
laBfnodf 5fq / 5fqfnfO{ 5'f5'} zf}rfno gePsf] cj:yf .
afnaflnsfx?sf] nflu kof{Kt v]ns'bsf] ;fdfu|L gx'g' .
5fqj[ltsf] plrt Joj:yf gx'Fbf ul/a afnaflnsfx? lzIffaf6 al~rt x'g k/]sf] cj:yf .
afnaflnsfx? w'd|kfgsf] s'ntdf kg'{ .
lzIfs lzlIfsfx?n] ljBfy{LnfO{ sIffdf s'6\g] u/]sf] .

tflnsf g+=
qm=;=
1.

2.

3.
4.

5.

11.3M

afnaflnsfx?n] uflj; / gu/kflnsfut ?kdf dfu ePsf sfo{qmdx?

Uff=lj=;=x?
afnaflnsfx?sf] Dffux?
Nff]xhf/, k6]/jf, != Uff=lj=;=x? lbzfd'STf If]q 3f]if0ff gePsf]n] afnaflnsfx?
l;d/fxf
hyfefaL lbzf ug{ afWo ePsf]n] ljleGg /f]uaf6 u|l;t x'g'
l;lgof}g, wgu9L
k/]sf]n] uflj;nfO{ lbzfd'Qm If]q 3f]if0ff ug'{ kg]{ .
@= k':tsfnosf] Aoj:yf ug'{ kg]{ .
zDe'gfy,
!= afnaflnsfx?sf] Ifdtf ljsf;sf nflu r]tgfd'ns
vf]s;/ k|jfx,
tflndx? ;+rfng ul/g' kg]{ .
lbwjf, xl/k'/
@= Uff=lj=;=sf] x/]s j8fdf ;fj{hlgs zf}rfnox?sf] lgdf{0f
ul/g' kg]{ .
Ef/bx, lqsf]n,
!= 3/3/df zf}rfnosf] Aoj:yf clgjfo{ ?kdf ug'{ kg]{ .
s'zxf / dw'kl @= k|To]s Uff=lj=;=df v]ns'bsf] Aoj:yf ug{'kg]{ .
dn]7, /fhlj/fh, != v]ns'bsf ;fdfu|Lx?sf] k|jGw x'g' kg]{ .
e'tlx
@= ;/sf/af6 lat/0f ePsf] cf}ifwL , n'uf, sk8f, z}lIfs
;fdfu|Lx?df Affnaflnsfx?sf] kx'Fr k'Ug' kg]{ .
uDx/Lof k|jfxf, != ljBfno hfg] ;8s lgdf{0f ug{' k5{ .
cgf{xf,
@= glbdf k'n lgdf{0f x'g'k5{ .
213

qm=;=

Uff=lj=;=x?
s6}of

afnaflnsfx?sf] Dffux?
6.
!= ;a} j8fdf k':tsfnosf] Aoj:yf ug{'k5{ .
@= ;a} j8fdf afn Snasf] ejg lgdf{0f ug{'k5{ .
#= ljBfnodf u'0f:t/Lo lzIfsf lzlIfsfx?sf] Joj:yf x'g'kg]{ .
$= ;a} j8fdf afnaflnsfnfO{ v]ns'bsf ;fdfu|Lx? pknJw
u/fpg' kg]{ .
7.
Dff]xgk'/ &
!= glbsf] jl/kl/ j[Iff/f]k0f u/L aftfj/0f ;+/If0f ug'{ kg]{ .
@= ljBfnodf lkmN8sf] Aoj:yf ug{' kg]{ .
8.
j]nlxrk]gf
!= ljBfno cleofg rnfpg] . / bfO{hf] k|yf cGto ug]{,
hgr]tgf d'ns sf{os|dx? rnfpg] .
9.
gukflnsfaf6
!= afn ejgsf] cfjZostf .
@= kf]if0f ;DalGw clzlIft dlxnfnfO{ r]tgf hufpg] .
10. l;d|fxf l;luof}g
!= ul/a tyf h]x]Gbf/ ljBfyL{x?nfO{ 5fqj[lt / k7g kf7gsf]
/ 3f]5gk'/
;fdfu|Lx? pknJw u/fpg' kg]{ .
@= uflj;nfO{ lbzfd'STf 3f]if0ff ug'{ kg]{ .
11.
bf}ntk'/,
!= afnaflnsfx?sf] Ifdtf clea[l4 x'g] lsl;dsf tflndx?sf]
sNofgk'/
Joj:yf ul/g' kg]{ .
@= ckf afnaflnsfx?sf] nflu 5'6} ;'ljwfo"Q ljBfno, lzIff,
/ v]ns'b ;fdfu|Lx?sf] Aoj:yf x'g'kg]{ .
;|]ftM afne]nfaf6 k|fKt ;'emfj tyf dfux?
tflnsf g+=11.4Mafnaflnsfx?n] AolQmut ?kdf dfu u/]sf sfo{qmdx?
qm=;= afnaflnsfx?af6 AolQmut ?kdf p7fg u/]sf ;jfn tyf dfux?
1.
!= ljBfnodf v]ns'bsf] /fd|f] Aoj:yfgePsf] .
@= Uff=lj=;=df rkL{sf] Aoj:yf 5}g .
#= ufpFdf SofDk;sf] Aoj:yf 5}g .
2.
!= afn Sna ejg lgdf{0f ul/g' kg]{ .
@= afnaflnsfx?sf] e]nf u/L afnaflnsfsf] ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{' .
#= k':tsfnoejg lgdf{0f, sf]lr jf 6\o';g ;]G6/sf] Aoj:yf x'g' kg]{ .
3.
!= afn Snasf] nflu 5'6\6} rkL{ ;lxtsf] sf]7f lgdf{0f ul/g' kg]{ .
@= ljBfno kl/;/df v]ns'bsf] /fd|f] k|jGw x'g' kg]{ .
4.
!=Ifdtf clej[l4tflnd lbg' kg]{ .
5.
!= ljBfno hfg] af6f]df glb ePsf 7fFpx?df k'nsf] lgdf{0f ul/lbg'kg]{ .
@= ljBfnodf rkL{ gePsf] xF'bf ljBfnodf rkL{ agfO{ lbg' kg]{ .
6.
!= ljBfnodf rkL{, v]ns'b ;fdfu|L, k':tsfno, lzIfs, sf]lr cflbsf] Aoj:yf
ug{'k5{ .
7.
!= ;/;KfmfO{, afn laafx /f]syfd, hgr]tgf d'ns sf{os|dx?sf] afnaflnsfnfO{
214

qm=;= afnaflnsfx?af6 AolQmut ?kdf p7fg u/]sf ;jfn tyf dfux?

tflnd lbg] .
@= 3/3/df zf}rfnosf] Aoj:yf ug{'kg]{ .
8.
!= ljBfnodf sDKo'6/ lzIffsf] Aoj:yf ug{'kg]{ .
@= ljBfnodf ;dodf ljBfyL{nfO{ lstfasf] dfu k'/f x'g' kg]{ .
9.
!= afnaflnsfx?nfO{ plrt lzIff pknJw u/fpg' kg]{ .
@= ufFp ;dfhdf xKtfdf slDtdf klg Ps lbg kqklqsfx? cfpg] Joj:yf x'g' kg]{ .
10. != AffnaflnsfnfO{ l;kd'ns tflnd lbg' kg]{ .
@= blnt ju{sf AfnaflnsfnfO{ kf]if0f eQf pknJw u/fpg' kg]{ .
11. != Uff=lj=;=df ;fj{hlgs zf}rfnosf] lgdf{0f ug'{ kg]{ .
12. != afnaflnsfsf] af}l4s / dfgl;s ljsf;sf] nflu z}lIfs e|d0fsf] Aoj:yf .
13. != ljBfnodf lgoldt k7g kf7gsf] Joj:yf x'g' kg]{ -;dodf lzIfs sIffdf
pkl:ylt x'g' kg]{_ .
14. != afn ljjfx /f]Sgsf] nflu afnSnasf] ;b:ox?nfO{ afn ljjfx /f]sg ;DaGwL
;8\s gf6s u/fpg] .
@= w/dk'/, g3f]{, em'6sL, xg'dfg gu/, Uff=lj=;=sf afn Snasf] ;b:ox?nfO{
pb\3f]if0f ;DaGwL tflndsf] Aoj:yf ug{'kg]{ .
15. != g]t[Tj ljsf; / hgr]tgf ;DaGwL tflnd pknJw u/fpg' kg]{ .
16. != lel8of] PS/] u/]/ 5f]/Lsf] e[0f xTof ug]{ kl/kf6LnfO{ b'?T;fxL ug'{ kg]{ .
@= r]lna]6Lx?jnfO{ nf]enfnrdf km;fO{ a]rlavg ug]{ kl/kf6Lsf] cGTo ug'{ kg]{
#= cfkm\gf] :jfy{sf]nflu afnaflnsfnfO{ /fhlglts sfo{qmddf nufpg] kl/kf6Lsf]
cGTo x'g' kg]{ .
$= bfO{hf] k|yfsf] sf/0f afnaflnsfnfO{ l56f] ljjfx ul/lbg] jf hlGdg] lalts}
dfl/lbg] k/Dk/fsf] cGTo x'g' kg]{ .
17. != lzIfsx?sf] jLrdf x]8 lzIfs aGg] xf]8df emu8f u/L ljBfno tfnf nufpg]
kl/kf6L cGTo u/L ljBfnodf /fd|f] z}lIfs aftfj/0f l;h{gf x'g' kg]{ .
18. != ljleGg tflnd sfo{qmddf 5fqfx?sf] ;xeflutfnfO{ k|fyldstf lbg'kg]{ .
19. != ;dfhdf afnaflnsfx? jLrdfklg 5'jf5'tsf] efjgf /x]sf] kfO{G5 .
@= cem} klg xfd|f] ;dfhdf afnaflnsfx? k5fl8 k/]sf] cj:yf 5 .
20. != 7'nfa8fx?n] afnaflnsf;uF ldqsf] Jojxf/ gul/ pgLx?nfO{ x]lk/x]sf] cj:yf
ljBdfg 5 .
@= afnSnasf] a}7sx?df 7'nfj8fx? cfP/ l8:6{a ug]{ u5{ .
21. !=bfO{hf] k|yfx? ;dfhdf cem} ljBdfg /x]sf] 5 .
@= w]/} 5f]/Lx? hlGdPdf dfl/g], bfg ul/lbg], g/fd|f] Jojxf/ ug]{, vfg lkpg glbg],
sfddf w]/} nufpg] kl/kf6L ;dfhdf ljBdfg /x]sf] 5 .
22. != c\u|]hL lzIfsn] k9fpg] a]nfdf d}ynL af]Ng] ubf{ ljBfyLnfO{ c\u|]hL af]Ng
ufx|f] x'g] u/]sf] 5 .
@= lj1fg ljifosf] cEof; (Practical)gu/fpg] kl/kf6Lsf] cGTo x'g' kg]{ .
215

qm=;= afnaflnsfx?af6 AolQmut ?kdf p7fg u/]sf ;jfn tyf dfux?

#= ljBfno jl/kl/ ;/;kmfO{ sfo{qmd ug'{ kg]{ .
$= c\u|]hL listening sf] sld /x]sf]n] o;df Wofg lbg' kg]{ .
23. != uflj;x?nfO{ lbzfd'STf If]q 3f]if0ff ug'{ kg]{ .
24. != blnt afnaflnsfx?sf] sdhf]/ cfly{s cj:yfn] ubf{ ljBfno hfgaf6 al~rt
x'g' k/]sf] cj:yf 5 .
25. != l;kd'ns tflndsf] Joj:yf u/L afnaflnsfx?sf] Ifdtf ljsf; ug'{ kg]{ .
@= ljBfnodf lzIfssf] cefj .
#= ljBfnodf 5fqj[ltsf] Joj:yf gx'bf sdhf]/ cfly{s cj:yf ePsf afnaflnsfx?
k7g g;Sg] l:ylt ljBdfg .
$= uflj;df lgoldt ?kdf ;lrj pkl:yt gx'bfF ;]jfu|fxLx? dsf{df k/]sf 5g\ .
*= r]tgfsf] cefjn] ufpF3/df bf? lkP/ 3/kl/jf/;+u emu8f ug]{ kl/k6fLnfO{
b'?T:ffxL ug'{ kg]{ .
26. != ufpF 3/df rf]/L 8s}tL a9L x'g] t/ ;'/Iff lgsfoaf6 kof{Kt ;xof]u k|fKt gx'Fbf
afnaflnsfx? lkl8t x'g] u/]sf] .
@= ljBfnodf afnaflnsfx?nfO{ v]n v]Ng] d}bfgsf] Joj:yf x'g' kg]{ .
#= ;/;kmfO{sf] b[li6n] ;fj{hlgs zf}rfno agfpg] ;fy} v'nf lbzf d'Qm uflj;x?
3f]if0ff ug]{ sfo{qmd ug]{ .
;|]ftM afne]nfaf6 k|fKt ;'emfj tyf dfux?
!!=%Onfsf:t/af6 klxrfg ul/Psf nlIft sfo{qmdx?
:yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g P]g, @)%% / :yfgLo lgsfo cg'bfg kl/rfng tyf Joj:yfkg sfo{ljwL,
@)^( cg';f/ :yfgLo lgsfox?n] nlIft ;d"xx?nfO{ pkof]uL sfo{qmd tyf cfof]hgfx?
;~rfng ug'{ kg]{ sfg'gL k|fjwfg /x]sf] 5 . ;f]xL cg';f/ !& j6} Onfsfdf Osfnf:t/Lo
uf]i7Lx? dlxnf, afnaflnsf / cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs ?kdf kl5 k/]sf ljkGg ju{x?nfO{ k|ToIf
kmfO{bf k'Ug] sfo{qmdx?sf] klxrfg ul/Psf] 5 hf] lgDgfg';f/ k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .

afnaflnsf ljsf; tk{m M

k|To]s uf=lj=;=df slDtdf pko'Qm kf7\o ;fdfu|L ;lxtsf] afn k':tsfnosf] Joj:yf ug]{
afnaflnsfx?sf] nflu ljleGg ljifodf r]tgfd"ns sfo{qmd / afn ljjfx lj?4sf]

cleofg k|To]s uf=lj=;=df ;+rfng ug]{

uflj;x?n] afnaflnsfx?sf] nflu sDKo"6/ tflndsf] Joj:yf ug]{ / lg/Gt/tfsf] nflu
h]g]/]6/sf] Joj:yf
afnaflnsfx?nfO{ g]t[Tj ljsf; tflnd k|bfg ug'{kg]{
afn Snj ejg lgdf{0f ug'{kg]{ / cw'/f] afn Sna ejg lgdf{0f ;DkGg ug'{kg]{
cfjZos :yfgdf afn ljsf; s]Gb| :yfkgf ug]{

216

 afnaflnsfx?nfO{ afn>d / afn ljjfx lj?4 r]tgf hufpg] uf]i7L ;~rfng ug'{ kg]{ /

afn :jf:Yo kl/If0f ul/gkg]{

afn d}qL ;a} ;"rs sfo{qmd
afn aflnsf k|f]kmfon
rlk{ Joj:yf, z'4 vfg]kfgL, afn sf]ifsf] :yfkgf, ;/;kmfO{ sfo{qmd
k|To]s uf=lj=;=sf afnaflnsfx?nfO{ Onfsf :t/Lo v]]ns'b k|ltof]lutf u/fpg' kg]{
afn;'wf/ u[xsf] :yfkgf ug'{ kg]{
lszf]/ lszf]/Lx?nfO{ k|hgg\ :jf:Yo ;DaGwL tflndsf] Joj:yf
afn d}qL :yfgLo zf;g sfo{qmd nfu' ug]{
afnaflnsfx?nfO{ lszf]/L lzIff ;+rfng sfo{qmd
v]nd}bfgdf nfu]sf] xf6 ahf/ x6fpg] / csf]{ 7fpFdf hldg Joj:yf ug]{
6\o"zg s]Gb| ejg ;+rfng
afn clwsf/ ;DaGwL tflnd pknJw u/fpg' kg]{
k|To]s uf=lj=;=df afn ;+hfn u7g ug]{ / pks/0f vl/b ug]{ -sDKo"6/ Nofk6k, lk|G6/,
k|f]h]S6/, OGe/6{/ cflb_
kf]if0f cfxf/ sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug]{
afnaflnsf ;DaGwL l:yltkq t}of/L
Onfsf g+= !! df kg]{ ;a} uf=lj=;=x?nfO{ ;d]l6g] u/L O{nfO{a|]/L
Onfsf g+= !! sf] ;a} afnaflnsfx?nfO{ afnclwsf/ ;+/If0f, Snasf] sfd st{Jo tyf
;/;kmfO{, n}ls lx+;f cflb ;DaGwL tflnd ;+rfng ug]{
lzIffaf6 aGrLt lszf]/Lx?nfO{ lszf]/L lzIff sfo{qmd ;a} uf=lj=;=x?df nfu' ug]{
afn clwsf/ ;DaGwL afn ;+hfnsf ;a} ;b:ox?nfO{ * j6} uf=lj=;=df tflndsf]
Joj:yf ug]{
cf7 j6} uf=lj=;=df afn >dzf]if0f ;DaGwL hgr]tgf d"ns sfo{qmdsf] Joj:yf ug]{ Ps uf=lj=;=af6 $% hgf u/L * j6f uf=lj=;=af6 s"n #^) hgf_
* j6} uf=lj=;=df afn lx+;f, n}lu lx+;f lj?4 hgr]tgfd'ns tflndsf] Joj:yf ug]{ .
k|To]s uf=lj=;=af6 !)!) hgf u/L *) hgfnfO{_
afn 5fqfjf; lgdf{0f sfo{
canf]sg e|d0f

dlxnf ljsf; tk{m

dlxnfsf] kf7]3/ emg]{ ;DaGwL l:qmlg sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug]{
dlxnfx?sf] nflu l;nfO{ s6fO{ tflnd ;+rfng u/fpg] / cfo cfh{gsf] nflu d]l;g

;d]t pknAw u/fpg]

bfFOhf] k|yf lj?4 r]tgfd"ns sfo{qmd ug]{
dlxnfx?sf] nflu k|f}9 lzIff nfu' ug]{
k|hgg\ :jf:Yo ;DaGwL tyf lx+;f lj?4 tflnd ;+rfng ug'{kg]{
217

lszf]/ lszf]/Ldf dlxnf ;r]tgf sfo{qmd

lx+;f lkl8t dlxnf / lszf]/Lsf] nflu c:yfO{ cfjf; u[x lgdf{0f
jly{ ;]G6/ -k|;"lt u[x_ :yfkgf ug]{
dlxnf z;lQms/0f sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug]{
;'wfl/Psf] r'nf]sf] Joj:yf ug]{
dlxnfx?sf] nflu 3/]n' pTkfbgsf] plrTo d"No lalqm ahf/sf] Joj:yf -sf]z]nL 3/sf]
Joj:yf_
dlxnfx?sf] nflu n}Ls lje]b ;DaGwL tflnd uf]i7L ;~rfng ug]{
dlxnfx?sf] nflu nf]s;]jf / sDKo"6/ tflnd ;+rfng ug]{
dlxnf ;fd'bflos ejg lgdf{0f ug]{
dlxnfx?nfO{ ;/;kmfO{ ;DaGwL, tflnd l;d d"ns, :jf:Yo tflnd ljifout sfof{no;Fu
;dGjo ul/ ;~rfng ug]{
k|To]s uf=lj=;=x?df dlxnfx?sf] nflu lzkd"ns tflndsf] Joj:yf ldnfpg] -l;nfO{
s6fO{, cu/aQL tflnd, d'9f agfpg], k]lG6 tflnd, Ao"6L kfn{/ tflnd_
blnt tyf ljkGg ju{sf dlxnfx?nfO{ hgtf cfjf;sf] Joj:yf
dlxnfx?sf nflu 3/3/df rlk{ lgdf{0f ug]{
dlxnf tflnd s]Gb|sf nflu ejg lgdf{0f ug]{
lszf]/Lsf] nflu Kof8 agfpg] tflnd ;+rfng ug]{
k/flnun ;DaGwL tflnd ug]{
dlxnf ;xsf/L ejg lgdf{0f ug]{
d'l:nd dlxnfsf] nflu kl/jf/ lgof]hg ;DaGwL hgr]tgf d"ns sfo{qmd ug]{
* j6} uf=lj=;=sf :jo+ ;]ljwfx?n] dlxnf :jf:Yo ;DaGwL lbOPsf] ;]jf jfkt dfl;s
kfl/>lds ?=!,))) Ps xhf/ eQfsf] Joj:yf ug]{ .
gf/L lbj; jfkt ?=! nfv cfly{s ;xof]usf] Joj:yf ug]{ .
:tgkfg ;DaGwL hgr]tgf d"ns sfo{qmdsf] nflu * j6} uf=lj=;=df /sdsf] Joj:yf
ug]{ .

nlIft ;d"x ljsf; tk{m

^ j6} uf=lj=;=x?sf] kxndf ckfx?sf] nflu k|f]kmfon tof/ ug]{ / k"j{ tyf cf+lzs

ckfx?sf] nflu sf8{sf] Joj:yf ldnfpg]

nlIft ju{nfO{ :j/f]huf/ tflnd gful/s ;r]tgf s]Gb|af6
d'l:nd k7g kf7g, cw'/f] uf=lj=;= ejg lgdf{0f -db/zf_ -uf=lj=;= asw'jf, j}/jf_
blnt pTyfg sfo{qmd -asw'jf, nf]xh/f_
cflbjf;L hghftL ;dj[l4 tflnd -asw'jf, nf]xh/f_
d'l:nd ;zlQms/0f tflnd tyf pTyfg -asw'jf, nf]xh/f_
lk58fju{ ;zlQms/0f sfo{qmd -asw'jf, nf]xh/f_
blnt ;d'bfosf] nflu ;f]l;of dxf/fhsf] dlGb/ lgdf{0f
218

cfo d"ns lzk d"ns tflnd ;+rfng sfo{qmd -o; Onfsf @ sf ;a} uf=lj=;=x?_
blnt j:tLx?df j]df};dL t/sf/L v]tL tflnd -o; Onfsfsf ;a} uf=lj=;=x?_
g]jf ;dfh ejg lgdf{0f -?kgu/, w/dk'/_
blnt g]t[Tj ljsf; tflnd ug]{
lk58f ju{ ;+:yfut ljsf; ug]{
ks/L j8f g+= ( df db/;f lgdf{0f ug]{
ckfx?sf] nflu xljn r]o/ / j}zfvLsf] Joj:yf ug]{
8f]dhftLsf] nflu vfg]kfgL / ;'Fu'/ kfngsf] Joj:yf ug]{
afF;af6 lgld{t ;fdfu|Lx? agfpg] ;DaGwL tflndsf] Joj:yf
3/ 3/df rlk{ lgdf{0f ug]{
ljkGg ;d'bfosf] nflu hgtf cfjf; lgdf{0f ug]{
blnt tyf ljkGg ju{x?sf nflu ljkGg ju{sf nflu gful/s ;r]tgf s]Gb| ;fd'bflos
ejg lgdf{0f ug]{
;xsf/L ;+:yf lgdf{0f ug]{
!) g+= Onfsf :t/Lo ljleGg k|ltof]lutfsf] nflu s/fF6], lqms]6, s':tL, sa8L, k'm6an /
bf}8 cflb v]nsf] ljsf;df hf]8 nufpg] ug]{
Onfsf g+= !! sf] ;a} uf=lj=;=x?df nlIft ;d"xsf] nflu sDKo"6/ tflnd ;+rfng ug]{
Onfsf g+= !! sf] ;a} uf=lj=;=x?df sDkf]i6 dn ;DaGwL tflnd ;+rfng ug]{
vf]S;/ k|jfxfsf] j8f g+= ! b]lv ( ;Dd blnt ;fd'bfodf ;fj{hlgs zf}rfno lgdf{0f
cflbjf;L hghftL kqsfl/tf tflnd, Ifdtf ljsf; tflnd ;~rfng ug]{
cflbjf;L hghftLsf] ;+:s[tL k'g/ hfu/0f, rfF8kj{, dft[efiff wd{ ;+:s[tLsf] nflu If]q
g+= ! b]lv ^ ;Dd cleofg ;+rfng ug]{
cflbjf;L hghftLsf] ;+u7g lj:tf/ tyf dlxnfx?sf] Ifdtf clej[l4 sfo{qmd
;d'bfo kz' k|hgg\ s]Gb| :yfkgf ->L ;u/dfyf dfp06 Pe/]i6 ldl>t pkef]Qmf ;xsf/L
;+:yf ln=, e'txL( f/f_
ckfx?sf] nflu x\ljn r]o/ tyf l;dd"ns tflnd ;~rfng ug]{
l;k d"ns tflnd -d'9f agfpg], df]afOn, 6]G6L k]G6L_ ;~rfng ug]{
h]i7 gful/sx?sf] nflu ;Ddfg sfo{qmd -Onfsf g+= !# df kg]{ ;a} uf=lj=;=x?_
cflbjf;L hghftLx?sf] nflu l;kd"ns sfo{qmd -s6fO{ l;nfO{_ ;~rfng ug]{
blnt hfghftLx?sf] hgr]tgf d"ns sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug]{
cflbjf;L hghftL dxf;+3 sfof{no ejg lgdf{0f ug]{
nf]s;]jf tof/L sIff ;+rfng ug]{
l;kd"ns tflnd ;+rfng ug]{
blnt, ckf, j[4fj[4, Psndlxnf, c;xfo ;xof]u sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug]{

219

o'j' fsf ;jfnx?

lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt ;Kt/L4f/f cfof]lht lhNnf:t/Lo o"jf cGt/lqmof sfo{qmddf o"jfx?n]
klxrfg u/]sf ;jfnx? b]xfo adf]lhd /x]sf 5g .
!= o'jf ;f]/f]huf/ sf]ifsf] /sd o'jfsf] nflu nuflg g'xg' .
@= lzkd'ns lzIff gx'g' .
#= :jb]zd} o'jfnfO{ ;f]/f]huf/sf] Joj:yf g'xg' .
$= pTkflbt o'jf hgzlQmsf] :jb]zdf /f]huf/sf] Joj:yf gx'g' .
%= /fHosf] ufFp b]vL /fi6o tx;Dd lg0ff{os k|lqmofdf o'jfsf] ;xeflutf gu/fpg' .
^= lszf]/ cj:yfdf k|hgg :jf:Yo ;DaGwL lzIff gkfpg' .
&= lgltut k|lqmofdf o'jfsf] ;xeflutf gx'g' .
*= o'jfnfO{ lhjg pkof]uL l;ksf] sld x'g' .
(= k|fKt /f]huf/Lsf] cj;/ gx'g' .
!)= /fli6o o'jf gLlt sfof{Gjog gx'g' .
!!= o'jfsf] sfo{qmd k|fKt gx'g' .
!@= o'jf nlIft sfo{qmd gx'g' ePklg o'jfsf] ;dnugtf sd u/fpg' .
!#= lhNnfdf o'jf ;'rgf s]Gb|sf] cj:yf gx'g' .
!!=^lhNnfsf] cj/f]w ljZn]if0fsf d'Vo lgZsif{x?
lhNnfdf/x]sf clt pk]lIft afnaflnsfsf] jl~rtLs/0fsf] ulx/fO / k|s[ltaf/] a'em\g lhlj;
;Kt/Lsf] cfof]hgfdf ;g @)!# df ljsf;;Fu ;DalGwt cj/f]wx?sf] ljZn]if0f tyf cg'udg
ul/of] . o;af6 pgLxsf] pGgtLsf] af6fdf /x]sf cj/f]wx? jf pgLx?n] ef]uL/x]sf ljz]if
afwfcj/f]wx? tyf lhNnfsf of]hgfdf ;dfj]z ul/g] lglb{i6 ;dfwfgsf pkfo klxrfg ug{
d2t k'Uof] . lhNnf :t/Lo ;/f]sf/jfnfx?;Fu k/fdz{ u/L, k|d'v hflgkmsf/x?;Fu 5nkmn u/L
/ pk]lIft ;d"xx?;Fu ;xeflutfd"ns 9Fun] 5nkmn u/L ljZn]if0f ul/Psf cj/f]wx? / logsf
;dfwfgsf nflu ul/Psf l;kmfl/;x? lgDg cg';f/ 5g\ .
cj/f]wx?sf] klxrfg ug]{ qmddf 5 j6f sfo{qmdx?sf] If]qdf /x]sf cj/f]wx?sf] ljZn]if0f
ul/Psf] lyof] . lt sfo{qmd If]qx?M !_ lhNnf :jf:Yo k|0ffnL, @_ :jf:Yo ;DaGwL Jojxf/hGo
kl/jt{g, #_ lhNnf vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO k|0ffnL, $_ lzz' tyf afnaflnsf cfxf/ k|j4{g %_
k|f/lDes afnljsf; / ^_ afn;+/If0f /x]sf 5g\ . lo ;a} If]qdf /x]sf ax'cfoflds cjf]/wx? /
If]qut cj/f]wx? o; k|sf/ /x]sf 5g\ .

ax'cfoflds cj/f]wx?
:jf:Yo, ;/;kmfO{, jfNofj:yfsf] kf]if0f, k|f/lDesjfnljsf; s]Gb| tyfafn;+/If0f
If]qxdflhNnflglb{i6 dfuxnfO{ gLlttyfsfo{qmdxn] kof{Kt ;Daf]wg ug{ g;s]sf] .
:jf:Yo, ;/;kmfO{ tyfafn;+/If0f If]qsf a}7sxdf Joj:yfkgtyf ;dGjosf] cefj
/x]sf] .
220

 Jojxf/hGo kl/jt{g, ;/;kmfO{, jfNofj:yfsf] kf]if0f, k|f/lDesjfnljsf; s]G

tyfafn;+/If0fsf If]qdfljlgof]lht ah]6 kof{Kt kdfvr{ gx'g] u/]sf] .

If]qut cj/f]wx?
:jf:Yo
%# k|ltzt k|;'tL :jf:Yo ;+:yfx?df gx'g] u/]sf] .
&) k|ltzt :jf:Yo ;+:yfxn] :jf:Yo ;+:yf ;~rfng tyf Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf]
q}dfl;s a}7s cfof]hgf g} gu/]sf .
ue{jtL tyf ;'Ts]/L dlxnfxn] k|f]T;fxgsf] kdfkfpg] /sd *@ k|ltztn] k|fKt u/]sf
5}gg\ .
$ k6s ue{jtLhfFr / k|;'tL kl5sf] hfFrgug]{ dlxnfx? cem}klg %) k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 .
emf8fkvfnf nfu]sf !* k|ltztjfnjRrfx?nfO{ d'vaf6 lbOg] g"go'Qmk'gh{nLs/0f
cf}ifwL / bzlbgsf] nflulbO{g] lh+slbPsf] 5}g .
@) k|ltzt :jf:Yo ;+:yfx?n] PsLs[t jfn/f]u Joj:yfkg / dft[ :jf:ysf] k|f]6f]sn
k5\ofPsf] 5}g .
:jf:Yo;Fu ;DalGwt Jojxf/hGo kl/jt{g
$# k|ltztdflg;x? slnnf] pd]/dfljjfx ug'{ 7Ls xf] eG7fG5g\ .
dlxnfsf] k|fyldstfsfnflu 5'6\ofpg' kg]{ /sd ** k|ltztn] sd 5 .
%$ k|ltztafnaflnsfx?nfO{ j[l cg'udgsfnfluNofpg] u/]sf 5}gg\ .
$* k|ltztdlxnfx?sf] cfly{s >f]tdfkx'Fr gePsf] cj:yf .
cem} klg $# k|ltztn] kl/jf/ lgof]hgsf] ;fwgk|of]u gug]{ u/]sf] .
() k|ltzt :jf:Yosfo{stf{ Jojxf/ hGo ;+rf/dfk|lzlIft 5}gg\ .
vfg]kfgLtyf ;/;kmfO{
;/;kmfO;DaGwLlhNnf :t/Lo gLlt / v'nflb;fd'Qm sfo{qmdsf] k|j4{gsf] nflu
lgodx?sf] cefj/x]sf] .
emf8fkvfnf nfUg'sf] sf/0f ckof{Kt ;/;kmfO{ xf] eGg] yfxfgkfpg' .
vfg]kfgLtyf ;/;kmfO{sfnflucf/lIft ah]6sf] $) k|ltztdfq o; If]qdfljlgof]hg
ul/of] .
%) k|ltztuflj;x?dfvfg]kfgLtyf ;/;kmfO{ If]qdftflndk|fKtk|f]T;fxgstf{x? 5}gg\ .
;/;kmfO;Fu ;DalGwt ;fdu|Lxsf] Ps rf}yfO{ dfudfq :yfgLo txaf6 x'g] u/]sf] .
;d'bfosf *$ k|ltztafl;Gbfn] zf}rfnolgdf{0f nfutHofb} pRrePsf] 7fGg' .

221

lzz' tyfafNosflngkf]if0fk|jw{g
lhNnfhg:jf:Yosfof{non] o; If]qdfkf]if0fsf nflucf/lIft ah]6sf] (&k|ltztn]
dfqljlgof]hg u/]sf] 5}g .
@) k|ltztcfdf ;d"xsf] a}7sx?df jfnkf]if0f h:tf Ph]08fx? x'g] u/]sf] 5}g .
*&k|ltzt :jf:Yosfo{stf{ j[l4 cg'udgdfk|lzlIft 5}gg\ .
k|lzlIftsfo{stf{xsf] ;\VofsdePtfklgkfFrjif{d'lgsf %% k|ltztafnfalnsfnfO{ j[l4
cg'udgsfnflu NofOG5 . t/ cem}klg $% k|ltztjfnjflnsfx? j[l4
cg'udgsfnfluNofpg] u/]sf] 5}g .
s]xL :jf:Yosfo{stf{ -!# k|ltzt_ dfqlzz' tyfjfNosfnLgkf]if0f k|j4{gdfk|lzlIftePsf]
x'Fbf :jf:Yo pkrf/sf] u'0f:t/dfafwf k/]sf] 5 .
k|f/lDesafnljsf;
@! k|ltztcfdfx Kf|f/lDesafnljsf; s]Gb| uO{ ;xhstf{nfO{ e]6\b}gg\ . a/fa/
s]Gb|dfuO{ ;xhstf{nfO{ e]6\bf s]Gb|sf] u'0f:t/nfO{ ;'wfg{ ;lsG5 .
($ k|ltztk|f/lDes afnljsf; s]Gb|x?n] afnaflnsfnfO{ lbjfef]hg k|bfg u/]sf5}gg\ .
#^
k|ltztk|f/lDesafnljsf;
;xhstf{x
k|f/lDesafnljsf;
sIff
;~rfngdfk|lzlIft 5}gg\ .
ljt/0f ul/g] lbjfef]hgsf] b/ Go"gePtfklgk|f/lDesafnljsf; s]Gb|dfljBfyL{sf]
pkl:ylt b/ &! k|ltzt5 .lbjfef]hgdful/g] ;'wf/n] pkl:ylt b/ a9fpg] ck]Ifful/G5 .
afn ;+/If0f
jftfj/0f ;anLs/0f, ljQLokx'Fr / ;fdflhscfly{s k|rngcflbafn ;+/If0fsf
If]qsfcj/f]wx?sf] ?kdf /x]sf .
ckof{Kt ah]6M dlxnftyfafnaflnsfsfnfludfuul/Psf] ah]6dWo] %* k|ltztdfq
/sduflj;n] ljlgof]hg u5{ .
*) k|ltzt kLl8tn] ljQLo ;xof]u kfPsf 5}gg\ .
;d'bfosf ^^ k|ltztdflg;nfO{ n}Flus lxF;fdfGoePsf] .
kLl8tnfO{Gofolbnfpg'sf] ;f kl/jf/sf] ;DdfgnfO{ $! k|ltztdflg;n] k|fyldstflbPsf]
b]lvG5 .
kLl8t afnaflnsfsfcltyf]/} s]; -!#k|ltzt_ yksf/afxLsfnflu ;Dk|]if0f ul/G5,
h'gGofok|jfxsfnfluck"/f] k|lqmofxf] .

222

cj/f]w x6fpgsf] nflul;kmfl/; ul/PsfcNksflng / bL3{sflng of]hgfx?

dfly pNn]lvt cj/f]wx? sd u/L afnaflnsfx?sf] cj:yfdf ;'wf/ Nofpg lgDg cg';f/sf]
cNksflng tyf lb3{sflng pkfox? l;kmfl/; ul/Psf 5g\M
tflnsf g+=11.5M cj/f]w x6fpg l;kmfl/; ul/Psf cNksflng tyf lb3{sflng pkfox?
cj/f]w /x]sf If]qx?
cNksflng of]hgf
:jf:Yo
k|To]s :jf:Yo ;+:yfdfcgdLsf]
Joj:yfug]{
uflj; ;lrj./f :jf:YoJo:yfkg
;ldltsf] lgoldt j}7s ug]{
o'jfd}qL ;]jf s]Gb|sf] nflutflndlbg] .
Jojxf/ kl/jt{g

vfg]kfgLtyf;/;kmf
O

k|f/lDesafnljsf;
s]Gb|

jfwfcj/f]w;+u h'Wgsf] nflu 5f]6f] of

cNksflng of]hgftof/ ug]{ h:t}
;Lkd"ns ;'9]gLsf] tflnd, r]tgf
j9fpg], cfdf ;d"xnfO{ kl/rfngug]{ /
pgLx?nfO{ s]xLcg'bfgjf k'/:sf/ sf]
plrtJoj:yfug]{, :jf:YoJoj:yfkg
;ldltnfO{ ;ls|ojgfpg], dlxnf :jf:Yo
:jo+ ;]ljsfnfO{ /fd|/L kl/rfngug]{
cflb .
gLltlgod s8f ug]{
lhlj; uflj; :t/Lo ah]6 5'6\ofpg]
lskmfotL -;'ne_ zf}rfnosf]
Joj:yfug]{
lhlj; uflj; :t/Lo ah]6sf]
;'lglZrtug]{
ljleGgcj:yfx?dfklglskmfotL / lbuf]
zf}rfnox?sf] k|of]u ug{ ;Sg]
cg'udgsfnflur'gf}tL / k|ls|ofx?M
:yfgLo ;]jfk|bfos ;+:yfx?n]
;ls|o ?kdfefuglng]
kmf/fdx? k|fogeg]{ / P; Pd P;
gk7fpg] .
k|f/lDesjfnljsf; s]Gb|nfO{
;'lb[l9s/0fsf] nflu :yfgLo>f]t /
;fwgk|of]u ug]{
jfwfcj/f]wx?nfO{ ;Daf]wgug{
223

lb3{sflng of]hgf
lhlj;f/f x/]s
uflj;dfdft[Tjjf; -jly{
;]G6/_sf] :yfkgfug]{5 .
o'jfd}qL ;]jf
s]Gb|sf]nflunufgLug]{
dft[Tjaf; cyjf k|;'tL
s]Gb| -jly{ ;]G6/_ sf]
:yfkgfug]{

;"rgf ;+sng /
k|ltj]bgnfO{
lgoldtsfo{s|ddf
;dflxtug]{
uflj; ;lrj / ;"rgf
;+snsx?nfO{ tYof+s
;+sngljlw / ljZn]if0f
;DaGwLtflndlbg]
;fd'bfo / uflj; :t/df
5nkmn ug]{

jfnljsf;
;DaGwLgLltlgod, lgb]{zg /
sfg"gnfO{ cfjZos
kl/dfh{g ug]{

cj/f]w /x]sf If]qx?

afn ;+/If0f

cNksflng of]hgf
k|f/lDesjfnljsf; s]Gb ;DaGwLsfo{ /
pQ/bfloTjuflj;nfO{ x:tfGt/0f ug]{ .
Ifdtfljsf;
afnclwsf/sf] If]qdfsfo{/t
;+:yfx?sf] ;+/rgflgdf{0f
afnaflnsfsf] j:t'l:ylt ljj/0f
kfZj{lrqtof/L .

lb3{sflng of]hgf
;fd'bflos ;]jf s]Gb|,
afnOhnf; tyflhNnfk|x/L
sfof{nodfdlxnftyf
afnaflnsflj?4 x'g]
lx+;fsfaf/]df
;"rgfcfbfgk|bfgug]{

;|f]tM ;Kt/L lhNnfsf] cj/f]wx?sf] kfZj{lrq, @)!@@)!#

!!=&/f]huf/L / a;fO ;/fO
;Kt/L lhNnf s[lifdf cfwfl/t lhNnf xf] . ;g @))! sf] tYof cg';f/ cfly{s ?kn] ;lqmo
hg;+Vofsf] ^@ hg;+Vof s[lif If]qdf ;+nUg lyP eg] (( cf}Bf]lus pTkfbg, k'g{kof]u /
Jofkf/df ;+nUg lyP / hg;+Vofsf] ;fgf ;fgf c+zx? lgdf{0f, ;fdfGo k|zf;g / oftfoftdf
;+nUg 5g\ . lhNnfsf] blIf0fL uflj;x?df glhssf] ;x/L If]q / ef/t tkm{sf] df};dL a;fO{
;/fO{ Jofks ?kdf -jflif{s ?kdf sl/j !)) b]lv !%) hgf k|lt uflj;_ /x]sf] 5 . o;n] ubf{
jiff{ df};d :yfgLo >ldsx?sf] cefj x'g k'Ub5 . xfnsf jif{x?df o; lhNnfaf6 klg bIf tyf
cbIf >ldsx? /f]huf/Lsf dWok"j{sf b]zx?df hfg] qmd Jofks ?kdf /x]sf] 5 . ;g\ @)!! df
o; lhNnfaf6 @^,)(# dflg;x? /f]huf/Lsf nflu ljb]z uPsf lyP . To; dWo] dlxnfsf] c+z
#=^ k|ltzt /x]sf] lyof] .
!!=*;fdflhs ;'/Iff
;g\ @)!#!$ df ;fdflhs ;'/Iff eQf lng]sf] ;+Vof #%,@@) /x]sf] 5 . To; dWo] *$ @(%*%_ h]i7 gful/s lyP . To; dWo] ()^) ;f7L jif{ gf3]sf blnt, cGo hghftL !)#!% /
!),)%) Psn dlxnf /x]sf lyP . ljut kfFr jif{df ;fdflhs ;'/Iff eQf ljt/0f ;DjGwL
ljj/0f tflnsf g+= !!=^ df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . h;cg';f/ cf=a= @)^%^^ df s'n ? ( s/f]8
(! nfv @( xhf/ & ;o !# ljt/0f ePsf]df cf=a= @)^(&) df ;f] /sd a[l4 e} ?= @^
s/f]8 @) nfv (& xhf/ % ;o k'u]sf] 5 .
tflnsf g+=11.6M ;fdflhs ;'/Iff ;DjGwL vr{sf] ljj/0f -?= df_
ljj/0f

cf=a=
206566

cf=a=
206667

86277400
h]i7 gful/seQf 20957400
41154500
53412000
PsndlxnfeQf
1123400
2916000
ckfeQf
35894413
25845600
Affnkf]if0feQf
hDdf 99,129,713 168,451,000
;|f]tM lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt, ;Kt/L, @)&! c;f/ .

224

cf=a=
206768

cf=a=
206869

cf=a=
206970

115510600

111342000

116250000

58460000

59340000

92466000

3759800

3961200

4286400

25117800

25207950

49095100

202,848,200

199,851,150

262,097,500

cg';"rLx?
cg';"rL1Mblnt afnaflnsfsf] nut ljj/0f, cf=j= )&))&!
qm=;==

uflj;sf] gfd

;+Vof
afns

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37

cgf{xf
cf}/xL
abufdf
a}/af
aSw'jf
aegufdfs6L
ag}lgoFf
ag/e"mnf
agf}nf
agf}nL
a/dlemof
sf]=jiff{O{g
a;jnk/
a;lj^L
aygfxf
j]NxL
a}NxLrk]gf
eujtk'/
e+uxf
ef/bx
e"txL
a/xLlj/k'/
ljifxl/of
af]b]jiff{O[g
af]l/of
a|Xdk'/
l5Ggd:tf
8f9f
bf}ntk'/
b]p/L
b]p/Le?jf
wgu(L
w/dk'/
#f]#gk'/
lb#jf
l*dg
kmls/f

87

hDdf
aflnsf

62
137
59
60
77
127
77
81
27
99
94
78
50
50
71
51
56
144
137
64
110
90
142
37
67
78
94
102
117
111
13
54
121
54
162
60
50

cfjZos kg]{ s'n ah]6

149
102
29
50
55
157
79
73
21
114
68
81
39
59
74
50
67
130
130
58
111
92
110
27
49
69
107
123
102
108
9
59
92
64
128
64
63
225

239
88
110
132
284
156
154
48
213
162
159
89
109
145
101
123
274
267
122
221
182
252
64
116
147
201
225
219
219
22
113
213
118
290
124
113

309700
544000
192000
223600
284600
595800
354800
358400
112600
475800
354400
372600
200800
242000
343200
208800
289000
459900
577800
263800
514000
393400
574800
143200
259000
240400
365400
537800
469800
511000
52800
267200
453200
246600
686400
281400
238400

qm=;==
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78

uflj;sf] gfd
km;]{&
kmQ]k'/
k'mNsfxL
uDxl/ofk|jfxf
uf]j/uf(f
uf]O&{ L
xg'dfggu/
xlb{of
xl/x/k'/
xl/k'/
O{gjf{
Ogjf{k'mnjl/of
O[^x/Llji)f'k'/
hutk'/
hd'gLdw]k'/f
h)*f}n
e'm^sL
of]lulgoF 1
of]lulgoF 2
sljnf;f
sfrg
sNof)fk'/
sdnk'/
s+rgk'/
s6}of
v8sk'/
vf]hk'/
vf]S;/k|jfxf
sf]=dw]k'/f
sf]rfjvf/L
sf]O{nf*L
s'zxf
nnfk^L
nf}lgoFf
nf]xh/f
dwjfk'/
dw'k^L
dxb]jf
d}gfs8]/L
d}gf;x|;jfxF"
dn]sk'/

;+Vof
afns

aflnsf

33
140
56
100
34
137
52
58
73
103
67
81
104
78
107
53
92
52
53
42
58
81
79
95
100
119
90
44
79
213
92
81
210
137
129
90
98
75
87
51
119

39
100
65
93
29
118
60
63
54
106
71
88
99
95
92
41
116
55
34
36
55
82
95
91
73
104
60
61
67
185
63
72
156
126
147
104
85
69
63
45
90
226

hDdf

cfjZos kg]{ s'n ah]6

72
240
121
193
63
255
112
121
127
209
138
169
203
173
199
94
208
107
87
78
113
163
174
186
173
223
150
105
146
398
155
153
366
263
276
194
183
144
150
96
209

149600
503000
249600
401600
150200
570200
245400
322400
276600
485000
314200
379400
471200
405100
385200
220800
476200
220800
177600
177800
262400
344600
375000
412000
398600
524600
326600
248000
322400
948000
347200
331000
855200
568600
642200
394600
396200
309600
334400
222600
464800

qm=;==
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115

uflj;sf] gfd
dn]7
dnxgdf
dNxlgoFf
dfg/fhf
df}jfxf
df]xgk'/
g#f]{
g]u8f
cf]b|xf
ks/L
kG;]]/f
k6]jf{
kftf]
kTy/uf*f
lkk|fk"j{
lkk|fklZrd
kf]tf{xf
kzjgL
/f=lj=g=kf=
/fdgu/
/Dk/fdNxlgoFf
/fdk'/hd'jf
/f}tx6
/fok'/
?kgu/
zDe"gfy
;s/k'/f
;f/:j/
l;d|xfl;+Uof}g
l;:jfj]NxL
l;tfk'/
t/xL
t]/xf}tf
7]lnof
l6s'lnof
ltnf7L
lqsf}n
hDdf

;+Vof
afns

aflnsf

36
67
151
61
137
54
130
57
60
141
99
34
62
96
183
43
79
140
128
38
57
95
156
132
88
130
129
115
90
167
69
82
110
117
37
4
74
10178

52
42
123
51
90
73
124
57
48
150
110
25
105
71
172
47
88
69
116
25
58
132
143
130
64
109
111
115
83
129
75
86
150
114
35
8
79
9481

227

hDdf

cfjZos kg]{ s'n ah]6

88
109
274
112
227
127
254
114
108
291
209
59
167
167
355
90
167
209
244
63
115
227
299
262
152
239
240
230
173
296
144
168
260
231
72
12
153
19659

176600
298000
652600
275100
511200
280400
609600
258000
257000
650400
476800
131200
394400
374600
704000
194800
355200
530000
478400
126600
230000
463400
639100
540800
351000
554800
576000
503800
388800
643400
307600
365000
620600
542000
131700
24200
356200
43582200

cg';"rL2M eQf jf j[lQ kfpg] nlIft ;d"xsf] Psd'i7 ljj/0f, cf=j=@)&))&!

h]i7 gful/s
l;=g+=
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39

uflj;sf] gfd
cgf{xf
cf}/xL
abufdf
a}/af
aSw'jf
aegufdfs6L
ag}lgoFf
ag/e"mnf
agf}nf
agf}nL
a/dlemof
sf]=jiff{O{g
a;jnk/
a;lj6L
aygfxf
j]NxL
a}NxLrk]gf
eujtk'/
e+uxf
ef/bx
e"txL
a/xLlj/k'/
ljifxl/of
af]b]jiff{O[g
af]l/of
a|Xdk'/
l5Ggd:tf
8f9f
bf}ntk'/
b]p/L
b]p/Le?jf
wgu9L
w/dk'/
3f]3gk'/
lb3jf
l8dg
kmls/f
km;]{7
kmQ]k'/

blnt
94
66
52
80
103
97
82
86
33
77
80
113
53
71
56
64
53
67
154
57
129
180
126
32
57
69
79
123
72
104
12
76
70
31
133
83
67
37
122

cGo

Psn dlxnf
Psn
ljwjf
dlxnf

101
104
62
89
209
102
107
108
50
90
63
63
63
41
79
118
101
66
60
129
127
15
136
113
100
136
106
79
55
52
56
92
106
77
81
67
127
58
257

41
71
79
35
157
179
15
141
125
134
82
78
15
113
46
116
101
47
72
46
51
168
100
98
115
18
203
109
147
107
27
70
168
114
60
43
101
67
304
228

55
40
42
58
3
0
42
0
2
0
56
6
76
0
66
6
72
98
68
57
0
0
64
40
0
36
0
42
0
30
50
60
2
76
0
39
0
2
0

k"0f{
czQm
ckf
2
1
3
0
4
6
0
4
0
6
5
4
2
1
4
4
7
6
4
4
10
6
10
7
5
8
7
0
5
0
5
3
6
2
6
4
6
9
1

cf+lzs
czQm
ckf

hDdf
0
0
1
0
0
4
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
2
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

293
282
239
262
470
388
246
339
206
308
286
264
209
226
254
308
334
284
358
293
317
370
437
290
278
267
395
353
279
295
150
303
348
300
280
236
301
169
684

h]i7 gful/s
l;=g+=
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79

uflj;sf] gfd
k'mNsfxL
uDxl/ofk|jfxf
uf]j/uf9f
uf]O7{ L
xg'dfggu/
xlb{of
xl/x/k'/
xl/k'/
O{gjf{
Ogjf{k'mnjl/of
O6x/Llji0f'k'/
hutk'/
hd'gLdw]k'/f
h08f}n
e'm6sL
of]lulgofF !
of]lulgoF @
sljnf;f
sfrg
sNof0fk'/
sdnk'/
s+rgk'/
s6}of
v8sk'/
vf]hk'/
vf]S;/k|jfxf
sf]=dw]k'/f
sf]rfjvf/L
sf]O{nf8L
s'zxf
nnfk6L
nf}lgoFf
nf]xh/f
dwjfk'/
dw'k6L
dxb]jf
d}gfs8]/L
d}gf;x|;jfxF"
dn]sk'/
dn]7

blnt
50
186
19
83
42
74
50
82
45
96
73
52
124
29
34
50
31
32
101
90
60
43
102
106
116
49
28
156
32
72
73
75
140
112
93
46
51
72
94
75

cGo

Psn dlxnf
Psn
ljwjf
dlxnf

96
105
17
87
66
67
107
52
49
112
59
60
86
93
139
49
49
71
56
154
83
77
135
97
73
55
131
84
122
76
164
50
76
100
90
67
51
61
94
71

156
45
19
43
122
177
110
128
88
105
156
143
98
125
154
77
59
19
55
205
97
90
55
151
63
94
40
131
56
99
142
43
150
91
119
104
64
73
143
101
229

0
92
0
44
84
0
0
63
1
69
0
0
71
44
0
53
64
86
52
0
46
103
53
6
60
47
27
0
37
83
0
22
0
69
70
74
35
39
10
57

k"0f{
czQm
ckf
2
12
0
1
7
6
1
3
4
1
3
3
9
5
0
2
3
4
6
2
25
6
13
3
0
5
2
5
2
4
1
3
4
8
9
12
6
3
4
9

cf+lzs
czQm
ckf

hDdf
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
2
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0

304
440
55
258
323
324
268
328
187
383
291
258
389
296
327
231
206
212
270
451
312
319
359
351
313
250
228
376
250
334
380
195
370
379
381
303
207
248
345
313

h]i7 gful/s
l;=g+=

uflj;sf] gfd

blnt

72
dnxgdf
167
dNxlgoFf
137
dfg/fhf
75
df}jfxf
108
df]xgk'/
144
g3f]{
60
g]u8f
68
cf]b|xf
119
ks/L
116
kG;]]/f
108
k6]jf{
108
kftf]
86
kTy/uf8f
106
lkk|fk"j{
38
lkk|fklZrd
59
kf]tf{xf
117
kzjgL
138
/f=lj=g=kf=
19
/fdgu/
42
/Dk/fdNxlgoFf
92
/fdk'/hd'jf
124
/f}tx6
144
/fok'/
94
?kgu/
128
zDe"gfy
48
;s/k'/f
152
;f/:j/
73
l;d|xfl;+Uof}g
159
l;:jfj]NxL
55
l;tfk'/
56
t/xL
163
t]/xf}tf
68
7]lnof
41
l6s'lnof
19
ltnf7L
69
lqsf}n
9412
hDdf
;|f]tM lhlj; ;Kt/L, @)&! c;f/
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115

cGo

Psn dlxnf
Psn
ljwjf
dlxnf

k"0f{
czQm
ckf

cf+lzs
czQm
ckf

hDdf

66
139
112
121
88
304
112
72
107
97
79
79
89
60
92
50
104
307
42
127
46
66
160
179
85
79
76
92
89
87
141
83
154
70
127
90

72
137
19
92
73
49
146
101
55
85
97
97
165
37
138
72
60
295
37
98
75
60
149
102
186
108
65
88
64
68
120
118
51
66
102
25

52
89
6
31
71
54
0
68
55
78
0
0
0
35
0
52
98
230
30
47
42
0
117
54
0
0
50
36
53
42
0
55
80
30
13
98

3
11
0
4
2
5
7
1
4
2
3
7
0
1
1
4
5
37
3
5
3
0
9
4
8
7
7
9
1
5
19
6
10
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0
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265
543
274
323
342
557
325
310
341
378
287
291
340
239
269
239
384
1007
131
319
258
250
579
433
407
242
350
300
366
257
336
425
364
209
223
286

10847

11125

4385

564

31

36364

230

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232

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English
1. Intensive Study and Research Centre, Kathmandu, Napal (2012), District and VDC Profile of
Nepal-2013
2. GoN/MoAD (2012). Agri-Business Promotion and Statistics Division, Statistics Section,
Statistical Information on Nepalese Agriculture 2011/012,
3. CBS (2012). National Population and Housing Census 2011, Village Development
Committees/Muncipalities, Volume 2
4. CBS (2014). National Population and Housing Census 2011, (Tables from form-II), Volume
3.
5. CBS (2014). National Population and Housing Census 2011, Social Characteristics Tables,
Volume 5, Part III,

233