MW-RE-122

P;=Pn=l; k/LIff @)&@ (SLC Eximination 2016)

;fdflhs cWoog
pTt/ s'l~hsf
pTt/ k'l:tsf k/LIf0f s'l~hsf pTt/ k'l:tsf k/LIf0fsf] lglDt k/LIfsnfO{ ;fdfGo dfu{bz{g xf]
. k/LIfsn] pTt/sf] z'b\wtf, :t/Lotf, jfSou7g, df}lnstf cflb x]/L cfjZostf cg';f/ ljj]s
k|of]u u/L :t/ c'g;f/ ;xL, Zki6, pko'St, dfkgLo, / :t/Lo d"Nofª\sg ug'{kg]{5 . ;Dej
eP;Dd s'l~hsfn] lgb]{z u/]sf] kl/lw / l;dfleq} /xL d"Nofª\sg ug'{ kg]{5 .
s[kof pTt/ k'l:tsf k/LIf0f OdfGbfl/tfsf ;fy ul/lbg'xf]nf k"0ff{ªs !))
j|m=;+= ;Defljt pTt/ cª\s
! lzIff, :jf:Yo, l;+rfO{, hnljB't ;+u ;DjlGwt cfof]hgfx?sf] jf o:t} cGo !
ljsf; sfo{qmdx? ;~rfng ug'{ kg]{ jfSofF; n]v]df .
@  /fhg}lts k|efj÷cl:y/tf÷b08lxgtf !
 e|i6frf/Lsf] alnof] ;~hfn cflb o:t} ldNg] s'g} b'O{ sf/0fx? n]v]df .
#  pko'tm 5 lsgsL /fHosf ultljlwx?df hgtfsf] ljZjf; j9\5 . !
 hgtfsf] clwsf/ k|fKtLsf] If]q ;/n x'G5 . cyjf pko'tm 5}g elg ts{
lbPdf klg c+s k|bfg ug]{ .
$  e"dWo /]lvo If]q n]v]df c+s k|bfg ug]{ . !
% -s_ hldgsf] prfO{ hgfpF5 . -v_ xf]rf]÷;dy/÷d}bfgL efu n]v]df c+s k|bfg !
ug]{ .
^ pi0f t[0fe"dL ;dlztf]i0f t[0fe"dL
 j9L udL{ x'G5 .  sd udL{ x'G5 .
 % l8u|L b]lv @)  $% l8u|L b]lv ^) l8u|L cIff+;
l8u|L cIff+; leq leq dxfb]zsf] dWo efudf
dxfb]zsf] klZrdL cjl:yt .
efudf cjl:yt .
jf o:t} ldNbf h'Nbf pQ/ n]v]df . !
& bf]>f] ljZjo'å kl5 ?; / cd]l/sf aLr ePsf] dgd'6fj÷zltm /fi6« aLr !
ePsf] dgd'6fj cflb h:tf ldNbfh'Nbf pQ/ n]v]df .
* g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg @)&@ hf/L n]v]df . !
(  gub]afnLdf cfwfl/t pBf]ux? :yfkgf u/]/ .
 gub]afnL pTkfbg ;DjGwdf cfw'lgs v]tL k|0ffnL ;DjGwL tflnd lbP/ .
 gub]jfnLsf] nflu ahf/ Joj:yfkg u/]/ .
 gub]jfnL pTkfbgsf nflu cfjZos dn, ljp tyf ;x'lnotdf C0f
pknJw u/fP/ .
 MW-RE-122
 s[ifsx?nfO{ of] k]zf k|lt cfslif{t u/fP/ . $
jf o:t} ldNb h'Nbf pt/ $ a'Fbfdf n]v]df .
!)  hgzltmsf] cefj, >f]t / ;fwgsf] sdL, k"h F Lsf] cefj, k|ljlwsf] cefj, $
cl:y/ /fhlglts cj:yf cflb h:tf ldNbf pQ/ $ a'Fbfdf n]v]df .
!!  ;dfg'kflts ljsf;, ;Gt'lnt lasf;, cfGtl/s cfjZostfsf] kl/k"lt{, $
ljsf;sf] sf/0faf6 ;fdflhs ;b\efjsf] ljsf; cflb h:tf ldNbf pQ/x?
rf/ a'Fbfdf pNn]v u/]df .
!@  ;/sf/n] ;~rfngdf NofPsf] cleofgdf ;xefuL eP/ .
 n}ª\lus lx+;f lj?å k|rf/ k|;f/ u/]/ .
 ljleGg n]v /rgf dfkm{t hgr]tgf j9fpg] .
 dlxnfnfO{ :jfjnDjg tyf cfTdlge{/ agfOof] eg] klg dlxnf lx+;fdf
sdL cfpF5 . ctM cfTdlge{/ dfly pNn]v u/]sf] h:t} cf;o cfpg] s'g}
rf/ e"ldsf pNn]v u/]df .
 dtbfg ;DjGwL k|rf/ k|;f/ ug]{, dtbfg ug]{ k|lqmofnfO{ ;+rf/ dfWodaf6
k|rf/ ug]{, dtbftf lzIffnfO{ hf]8 lbg], ljB'lto d]lzgaf6 dtbfg ug]{ $
Joj:yf ldnfpg] cflb h:tf ldNbfh'Nbf pQ/ $ a'Fbfdf n]v]df .
!# g]kfn ;/sf/n] tn pNn]v ul/P cg'?k sfo{x? ug'{k5{ M–
 at{dfg ljZjdf ;Dkbf ;"rLdf /x]sf] ;Dkbfx?nfO{ ljZj;gLo 9+uaf6
;+/If0f / ;Da4{g ug]{ .
 cGo pko'tm ;Dkbfx?nfO{ laleGg dfWodx?sf] k|of]u u/L laz]iftfx?
;lxt k|rf/ k|;f/ ug]{ .
 ljZj ;Dkbf ;"lrdf ;"rLs[t x'gnfO{ tf]lsPsf] UNESCO sf] dfkb08 $
k'/f ug]{ .
 ;/sf/sf] tkm{af6 cGt/fli6«o kxn lng] / ;"rLs[t ug{ ;/f]sf/jfnfnfO{
;xof]u ug{ . jf o:t} ldNbf h'Nbf $ j'Fbf n]v]df
!$  cfkm"df /x]sf] k|ltefnfO{ k|:km"6g ug{ .
 g[To h:tf] klxrfgo'tm dlxdfnfO{ arfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg .
 cfof]lht sfo{qmd jf k|lt:kwf{nfO{ /f]rs / ;kmn agfpg .
 cfˆgf] Joltmut klxrfgnfO{ prf] /fVgsf nflu . jf o:t} ldNbf h'Nbf $ $
j'Fbf n]v]df
!%  ljsf; lgdf{0fdf afwf kg]{ .
 dfgj clwsf/sf] pNn+3g x'g] .
 e]befjn] ubf{ hftLo ljt[i0ff km}lng] . $
 ;dfhdf 4G4 j9\g] . jf o:t] ldNbf h'Nbf $ a'Fbfdf n]v]df .
!^  /]8qm;n] cfˆgf] p2]Zo cg'?k /fxt ;fdu|L afF8]sf] .
 MW-RE-122
 /]8qm;n] 3fOt]sf] p4f/ u/L ;of}sf] Hofg arfPsf] .
 /]8qm;n] /tmbfg sfo{qmd cfof]hgf u/L 3fOt]nfO{ hLjg k|bfg u/]sf] .
 x/]s ;d:ofdf /]8qm;, x/]sf g]kfnLsf] d'6'df /]8qm; 9's9'sL agL j;]sf]
cflb . $
jf cGo ;+3;+:yfn] u/]sf] ;xof]u $ a'Fbfdf pNn]v u/]df .
!& lgjf{rg ;DjGwL hgr]tgf hfu[t ug]{ . gd"gf lgjf{rg ug]{ . ljB'lto k|0ffnLsf]
k|of]u ug]{ . a'lemg] lrGx jf ;+s]t /fVg] . jf o:t} ldNbf h'Nbf $ j'Fbf n]v]df c+s $
k|bfg ug]{ .
!*  skmL v]tL –dlnnf] hldg .
 e]8f kfng – ;'Vvf xfjfkfgL ÷;dlztf]i0f 3fF;] e"ld
 kz'kfng – ;'Vvf xfjfkfgL ÷;dlztf]i0f 3fF;] e"ld
 df5f Joj;fo – Knfª6gsf] kof{Kttf, Hot Gulf Stream jf o:t} $
ldNbf pQ/ n]v]df .
!(  tLgk6s -@)@$,@)#@,@)#&_ df ;+zf]wg ePsf] .
 k~rfotnfO{ cem dha'b agfpg hgdt ;+u|x, ufpF kms{ cleofg,
lasf;sf nflu /fhgLlt ePsf] . nufot jf o:t} ldNbf h'Nbf s'/f n]v]df $
@) ;+:yfut gLltut Joj:yf $
>d dGqfno, >d ljefu, P]g, lgodfjnL, lgb]{lzsf, a}b]lzs
a}b]lzs /f]huf/ ljefu, >d /f]huf/ gLlt .
sfof{no
pNn]lvt sfof{no jf lgodsf] j0f{g ug'{ gkg]{ ÷ ;"lr dfq agfPdf c+s k|bfg
ug]{ .
@! ;'/Iff kl/ifb\ ;+/If0f kl/ifb\
 !% ;b;L{o /xg] .  % ;b;L{o ;b:o x'g] jf
 zfGtL ;'Joj:yf sfod ug]{ . cfjZoStf cg';f/ yk ug{ ;Sg] .
 k|To]s dlxgf a}7s a:g] .  cfjZoStf cg';f/ a}7s a:g] .
 zfGtL ;]gf kl/rfng ug]{ .  pklga]z d'tm /fi6«nfO{ cfTdlge{/
agfOg] . $
 ;fdflhs,cfly{s ultljlw
;~rfng ug]{ .
@@ ;'emfj M– k|fyldstf k|fKt If]qsf sfo{qmd ;~rfng, :yflgo cfjZostfnfO{ hf]8
lbg], ljsf; lgdf{0fdf hf]8, hLjgpkof]uL ;Lk l;sfpg] jf o:t} ldNbf $
pQ/ rf/ a'Fbfdf pNn]v u/]df c+s k|bfg ug]{ .
;dfgtfx? h:t} M– sfo{sfl/0fL clwsf/ dGqL kl/ifb\df x'g] Joj:yf, ax'dt k|fKt
bnn] ;/sf/ agfpg] Joj:yf, ;+o'tm ;/sf/ ;DjGwL Joj:yf,
;+l3o ;+;bsf] ;b:o gePsf] Joltm dGqL kbdf lgo"ltm x'g ;Sg]
 MW-RE-122
Joj:yf cflb kfFr cf]6f a'Fbfdf pNn]v u/]df .

leGgtfx? M %
@# at{dfg ;+ljwfg cGtl/d ;+ljwfg
 jt{dfg ;+ljwfgsf] efu & df  cGtl/d ;+ljwfgsf] efu & df
;+l3o sfo{kflnsf ;DjGwL ;+l3o sfo{kflnsf ;DjGwL Joj:yf
Joj:yf . .
 cNkdtsf] ;/sf/ u7g eP/  ljZjf;sf] dt xfl;n gu/]df
ljZjf;sf] dt xfl;n ug{ ;+;bsf] lj36g ug{ ;Sg] Joj:yf
g;]sdf k'gM ;+o'tm ;/sf/ .
aGg ;Sg] Joj:yf .
 k|wfgdGqL, pkk|wfgdGqL  /fi6«klt ;dIf k|wfgdGqLn] / cGo
tyf dGqLx?n] /fi6«klt ;dIf dGqLx?n] /fi6«kltsf] pkl:yltdf
kb tyf uf]klgotfsf] ;ky k|wfgdGqL ;dIf kb tyf
vfg' kg]{ Joj:yf . uf]klgotfsf] ;ky vfg] Joj:yf .
 To:tf] Joj:yf 5}g .  /fhg}lts ;xdltdf cfwfl/t $
 l;ldt ;/sf/sf] cjwf/0ff ;/sf/df hf]8 . jf o:t} ldNbf
-@% ;b:oL{o dGqL d08n rf/ cfwf/ t'ngf u/]df .
x'g] Joj:yf_ jf o:t} ldNbf  o:tf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] lyPg .
rf/ cfwf/ t'ngf u/]df .

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 MW-RE-122

#
^

(
@% k|yd ljZjo'4sf] d'Vo sf/s tTjx? M–
o'/f]k]nL /fhtGqsf] cx+sf/, /fhkfl/jfl/s ljnfl;tf, hgtfx? k|lt
zf;sx?sf] pbfl;gtf, /fhtGqsf] cGo /fi6«x? ;+usf] u'6jGbL,
lg/ªs'ztf cflb . jf o:t} ldNbf % j6f a'Fbf ;lxt ;fdfGo j0f{g u/]df %
c+s k|bfg ug]{ . %
k|yd ljZjo'4 kl5 /fhtGqsf] cj:yf M–
w]/} /fi6«x?df /fhtGqfTds Joj:yfsf] cGTo, /fhf / /fhkl/jf/x?sf]
xTof, /fhfx?n] lgjf{l;t hLjg Jolyt ug'{ k/]sf], /fhfx?sf] ;fdflhs $
tyf ;f:s[lts klxrfg cGTo . jf o:t} ldNbf $ j6f a'Fbf ;lxt ;fdfGo
j0f{g u/]df $ c+s k|bfg ug]{ .

cyjf
lzif{s M– g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg / hgtfsf] ;'emfj sfof{Gjogsf] cj:yf M Ps
cWoog @
kl/ro M– g]kfnsf] jt{dfg ;+ljwfg hgtfsf k|ltlglwx?åf/f lnlvt
nf]stflGqs / k"0f{ ;dfj]zL ;+ljwfg xf] . @)&# ;fn c;f]h # ut]
3f]if0ff ul/Psf] ;+ljwfg xf] . 3f]if0ff ug'{ k"j{ ;ef;bx?nfO{
hgtfsf] ;'emfj ;+sngsf lgldQ d:of}bf lbO{ cf–cfˆgf] lgjf{rg @
If]qdf k7fOPsf] lyof] . h:t} M ;d]l6Psf] kl/ro lbPdf @ c+s,
p2]Zo M– cWoogsf p2]Zox?
-s_ g]kfnsf] jt{dfg ;+ljwfgsf ljz]iftfx? kQf nufpg
-v_ g]kfnsf] jt{dfg ;+ljwfgdf hgtfn] lbPsf] ;'emfj ;d]l6P
 MW-RE-122
g;d]l6Psf] l:ylt j0f{g ug]{ . jf o:t} ldNg] p2]Zox? n]v]df
@ c+s #
k|flKt M– cWoogsf laleGg ljlwx? cjnDjg ul/ ul/Psf] cWoog
kZrft lgDg s'/fx? kQf nufOof] .
g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgsf ljz]iftfx?df k"0f{ ;dfj]zL, nf]stflGqs,
wfld{s :jtGqtf, b'O{ ;bgfTds ;+l3o Joj:yflksf, :jGq
Gofokflnsf cflb /x]sf] kfOof] .
hgtfn] lbPsf] ;'emfjnfO{ w]/} xb ;Dd ;d]l6Psf] kfOof] . g]kfn
cfkm}df ljljwtfo'tm b]z ePsf]n] ;j}sf ck]Iff / cfªIffx?nfO{ @
;d]6g g;s]sf] afWotf k|i6 eof] . h:t} M– cfzo cfPsf k|fKtLx?
;d]6]df # c+s

lgisif{ / ;'emfj M– ;+ljwfg b]zsf] d"n sfg"g Pj+ /fi6«sf] P]gf xf] .
;+ljwfgn] g} ;';fzg, ;dfgtf :yflkt u/L /fi6«nfO{ dfu{
lgb]{zg u/]sf] x'G5 . hgtfsf] efjgf ;d]l6Psf] ;+ljwfg
lbuf] / lr/:yfoL x'G5 . nf]stflGqs k|0ffnLdf hgtf g}
;jf]{k/L zltm x'g] ePsf]n] ;do ;fk]If ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wg
x'g' kb{5 . h:t} M– lgisif{ / ;'emfj k]z u/]df @ c+s

@^ -s_ lr7Lsf] 9fFrf tof/ u/]df ! c+s !

-v_ r'gf}tLx?
;Demf}tf cg';f/ sfd gkfpg', kfl/>lds jf cGo ;'ljwf
gkfpg', hf]lvdk"0f{ sfd ug'{kg]{, ;DjlGwt b]zsf] P]g lgod
ga'lem jf ga'emfO a}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg', >d zf]if0f / $
hf]lvdk"0f{ sfo{ ug'{ kg]{ . jf o:t} ldNg] a'Fbfx? n]v]/
5f]6s/Ldf a0f{g u/]df $ c+s

;'emfj M– a}b]lzs /f]huf/ gLltnfO{ ;do ;fk]If kl/dfh{g ug]{, d]g kfj/ $
sDkgLx?sf] sfd sf/jfxLnfO{ cg'udg lgoGq0fnfO{ k|efjsf/L
agfpg], g]kfnL /fhb"tfjf;nfO{ ;lqmo agfpg], lab]zdf Safe
Home sf] Joj:yf ug]{ . jf o:t} ldNg] a'Fbf n]v]df $ c+s