UNIVERSITY OF KIRKUK

College of Engineering - Pet. Eng. Department

PETROLEUM
PRODUCTION
ENGINEERING
BOYUN GUO WILLIAM C. LYONS ALI GHALAMBOR

-CHPTER -3
RESERVOIR DELIVERABILITY

Solution of Problems page 3/43

By:

Hawar AbdulKhaliq Hamma Gul

.Construct IPR of a vertical well in an oil reservoir

3.1

Consider (1) transient flow at 1 month , (2) steady state flow , and
:(3) pseudo steady state flow. the following data are given
Porosity , = 0.25
Effective horizontal permeability , k = 10 md
Pay zone thickness , h = 50 ft
Reservoir pressure , pe = 5000 psi
Bubble point pressure , pb = 100 psi
Fluid formation volume factor , Bo = 1.2
.Fluid viscosity , o = 1.5 cp
Total compressibility , Ct = 0.0000125 psi-1
Drainage area , A = 640 acre (re =2.980 ft)
Wellbore radius , rw = 0.328 ft
Skin factor , S = 5

: Solution
.time = 30 day = 24 x 30 = 720 hr

1. For transient flow,

kh

J*=

162.6 B [logt + log

( Ctk r w )3.23+0.87 S ]
2

( 10 )(50)
162.6 ( 1.2 ) (1.5)[log ( 720)+ log

10
3.23+ 0.87(5)]
( 0.25 )( 1.5 ) ( 0.0000125 ) (0.328)2

J* = 0.1515215 bbl/day/psi

:Calculated data points are

qo = J* (Pe pwf)

qo (stb/day)
757.6075
606.086
454.5645
303.043
151.5215
0

Pwf (psi)
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000

6000

5000

4000

3000

pwf (psi)

2000

1000

0
800

700

600

500

400

300

200

100

qo (stb/day)

"Transient IPR curve"

2. For steady state flow,

kh

( 10 ) (50)

[( ) ]

141.2(1.2)(1.5) ln

2980
+5
0.328

[ ( ) ] =J

141.2 B ln

+S
rw

J* = 0.13938 bbl/day/psi
:Calculated points are

qo (stb/day)
696.9
557.52

Pwf (psi)
0
1000

418.14
278.76
139.38
0

2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
5000
4000
3000

pwf (psi)

2000
1000
0
800

700

600

500

400

300

200

100

qo (stb/day)

"Steady state IPR curve"

3. For pseudo steady state,

J*=

rw
ln

141.2 B
kh

2980
0.328
ln

141.2(1.2)(1.5)
(10 ) (50)

J*= 0.147202 bbl/day/psi

:Calculated points are

qo (stb/day)
736.01
588.808
441.8
294.404
147.202
0

Pwf (psi)
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
5000
4000
3000

pwf (psi)

2000
1000
0
800

700

600

500

400

300

200

100

qo (stb/day)

""Pseudo-steady state IPR curve

Construct IPR of a vertical well in an saturated oil 3.2
reservoir
:Using Vogel's equation .the following data are given
Porosity , = 0.20

Effective horizontal permeability , k = 80 md

Pay zone thickness , h = 55 ft
Reservoir pressure , pe = 4500 psi
Bubble point pressure , pb = 4500 psi
Fluid formation volume factor , Bo = 1.1
.Fluid viscosity , o = 1.8 cp
Total compressibility , Ct = 0.000013 psi-1
Drainage area , A = 640 acre (re =2.980 ft)
Wellbore radius , rw = 0.328 ft
Skin factor , S = 2

: Solution
, Assume pseudo-steady state flow
2980
0.328
ln

141.2(1.8)(1.1)
( 80 ) (55)

rw
ln

141.2 B
kh

=*J

=STB/day/psi 1.518476
JPe
1.8

( 1.518476 )(4500)
1.8

= q max

=
.STB/day 3796.2 =

:Calculated points by Vogel's equation

[ ( ) ( )]
10.2

qo (stb/day)
3796.2
3477.507
2858.867
1940.28
721.7467
0

pwf
pwf
0.8
pe
pe

q = q max

Pwf (psi)
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
4500
5000
4500
4000
3500
3000
2500

pwf (psi)

2000
1500
1000
500
0
4000 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500

qo (stb)

""IPR curve

Construct IPR of a vertical well in an unsaturated oil 3.3

reservoir
Using generalized Vogel's equation .the following data are
:given
Porosity , = 0.25
Effective horizontal permeability , k = 100 md
Pay zone thickness , h = 55 ft
Reservoir pressure , pe = 5000 psi
Bubble point pressure , pb = 3000 psi
Fluid formation volume factor , Bo = 1.2
.Fluid viscosity , o = 1.8 cp
Total compressibility , Ct = 0.000013 psi-1
Drainage area , A = 640 acre (re =2.980 ft)
Wellbore radius , rw = 0.328 ft
Skin factor , S = 5.5

: Solution
, Assume pseudo-steady state flow
2980
0.328
ln

141.2(1.8)(1.2)
(100 ) (55)

rw
ln

141.2 B
kh

=*J

J* = 1.300687 STB/day/psi
qb = J* (Pe Pb)
.STB/day 2601.4 = (3000 5000) (1.300687) =
J Pb
1.8

= qv

.STB/day 2167.8 = 1.8 / (3000) (1.300687) =

:Calculated points by
q = J (Pe Pb) +
*

qo (stb/day)
4769.2
4648.767
4431.987
4118.86
3709.387
3203.567
2601.4
0

J Pb

1.8

[ ( ) ( )]
10.2

pwf
pwf
0.8
pb
pb

Pwf (psi)
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
5000

6000
5000
4000
3000

pwf (psi)

2000
1000
0
6000

5000

4000

3000

2000

1000

qo (stb)

Construct IPR of a vertical well in an unsaturated oil 3.4

reservoir
Using generalized Vogel's equation .the following data are
:given
Reservoir pressure , pe = 5500 psi
Bubble point pressure , pb = 3500 psi
Tested following bottom-hole pressure in well A , pwf 1 = 4000
psi
Tested production rate from well A , q1 = 400 stb / day
Tested following bottom-hole pressure in well B, pwf 1 = 2000
psi
Tested production rate from well B , q1 = 1000 stb/day

: Solution
Well A : Pwf1 > pb
q1
( pe pwf 1)

= *J
.stb/day/psi 0.2667 = (4000 - 5500) / 400 =
qb = J* (Pe Pb)
stb/day 533.4 = (3500 5500) 0.2667 =
J Pb
1.8

= qv

stb/day 518.6 = 1.8 / (3500) (0.2667) =

Calculated points by:

q = J (Pe Pb) +
*

qo (stb/day)
1052
1028.716
988.498
931.3461
857.2604
766.2408
658.2873

J Pb

1.8

[ ( ) ( )]
10.2

pwf
pwf
0.8
pb
pb

Pwf (psi)
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000

533.4
0

3500
5000
6000
5000
4000
3000

pwf (psi)

2000
1000

1200

1000

800

600

400

200

0
0

qo (stb/day)

Well B : Pwf1 < pb

q1

( pepb )+

( ) ( ) ])

pb
pwf
pwf
10.2
0.8
1.8
pb
pb

= *J

1000

( 55003500 )+

[ ( ) ( ) ])

3500
2000
2000
10.2
0.8
1.8
3500
3500

stb/day/psi 0.3111 =
qb = J* (Pe Pb) = 0.3111 (5500 3500) = 622.2
stb/day
J Pb
1.8

= qv

stb/day 604.92 = 1.8 / (3500) (0.3111) =

Calculated points by:
qo= J* (Pe Pb) +

qo = 622.2 +

qo (stb/day)
1227.12
1199.96
1153.048
1086.384
999.9664
893.7967
767.8746
622.2
0

604

[ ( ) ( )]

J Pb

1.8

.92

10.2

pwf
pwf
0.8
pb
pb

[ ( ) ( )]
10.2

pwf
pwf
0.8
3500
3500

Pwf (psi)
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
5000

6000
5000
4000
3000

pwf (psi)

2000
1000
1400 1200 1000

800

600

400

qo (stb/day)

200

0
0

Construct IPR of a well in saturated oil reservoir using both 3.5

. Vogel's equation and Fetkovich's equation
:The following data are given
Reservoir pressure , pe = 3500 psi
Bubble point pressure , pb = 3500 psi
Tested following bottom-hole pressure , pwf 1 = 2500 psi
Tested production rate at pwf 1 , q1 = 600 stb / day
Tested following bottom-hole pressure , pwf 2 = 1500 psi
Tested production rate at pwf 2, q2 = 900 stb/day

:Solution
q1
pwf 1
pwf 1
10.2
0.8
pe
pe

) (

stb
602.46
.
day

=.Vogel's equation: qomax

600
2500
1500
10.2
0.8
3500
3500

) (

=.qomax

:calculated data points are

qo (stb/day)
602.46
575.4108
528.6894
462.2958
376.2301

Pwf (psi)
0
500
1000
1500
2000

270.4922
145.0822
0

2500
3000
3500
:Fetkovich's equation
log

( qq 12 )

log

pe 2 pwf 12
log
pe 2 pwf 22

q1
2

2 n

( pe pwf 1 )

350022500 2
log
3500215002

) (

600
2

( 600
900 )

2 0.8

( 3500 2500 )

=0.8

=0.0023 stb/ day . psi

2n

=n

=c

:calculated data points are

( 35002 pwf 2 )

qo (stb/day)
1077.052
1059.431
1006.12
915.6465
785.0386
608.4835
372.5929
0

Pwf (psi)
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500

0.8

q= 0.0023

0004
0053
0003
0052
0002
(ledom s'hcivoktef)fwp
0051
(ledom s'legov)fwp
0001
005
0
0021

0001

008

006

004

002

(yad/bts) oq

Determine the IPR for a well at the time when the average 3.6
reservoir pressure will be 1500 psig. The following data are obtained
:from laboratory tests of well fluid samples
Reservoir pressure
Average pressure (psi)
Productivity index J* (stb/day-psi)
Oil viscosity (cp)
Oil formation volume factor
(rb/stb)
Relative permeability to oil

prese futur
nt
e
2200 1500
1.25 ------3.55 3.85
1.20 1.15
0.82

0.65

:Solution

J*f =

J p

(
(

K ro
Boo
K ro
B oo

)
)

0.65
(
3.851.15 )
=1.25
=0.
0.82
( 3.551.20 )
F

9534 stb/day-psi

: Vogel's equation for future IPR

[ ( ) ( )] =q

( F)( pef )
pwf
pwf
10.2
0.8
1.8
pef
pef

[ ( ) ( )]

(0.9534)(1500)
pwf
pwf
10.2
0.8
1.8
1500
1500

..1

: Vogel's equation for present IPR

J

[ ( ) ( )] =q

( P)( pep)
pwf
pwf
10.2
0.8
1.8
pep
pep

[ ( ) ( )]

( 1.25 ) ( 2200)
pwf
pwf
10.2
0.8
1.8
2200
2200

. 2

:Calculated data points are

Reservoir press. = 2200 Reservoir press. = 1500

psi
psi
Pwf (psi)
q (stb/day)
Pwf (psi)
q (stb/day)
2200
1980
1760
1540
1320
1100
880
660
440
220

0
262.7782
501.1118
715.001
904.4458
1069.446
1210.002
1326.113
1417.78
1485.002

1500
1350
1200
1050
900
750
600
450
300
150

0
136.654
260.596
371.826
470.344
556.15
629.244
689.626
737.296
772.254

1527.78

794.5

0052

0002

0051

(tneserp) fwp
0001
(erutuf) fwp

005

0
0081 0061 0041 0021 0001

008

006

004

002

(yad/bts) oq

in the above table, col. 2 calculated from eq.2 & col.4 from *
eq.1

Using Fetcovich's method , plot the IPR curve for a 3.7

well in which pi is 3000 psia and J'o = 410-4 stb/daypsi . Predict the IPRs of the well at well shut-in static
pressures of 2500 psia, 2000 psia, 1500 psia, and 1000
.psia

:Solution
:The value of J' at 2500 psia is
O

pe
eq . ( 3.61 ) page 3 /41
pi
3000
=4.8104 stb /day ( psi)2
2500

J'O = J'i

) J'O = 4*10-4

:The value of J' at 2000 psia is

O

3000
4
2
=610 stb/day ( psi)
2000

) J'O = 4*10-4

:and the value of J' at 1500 psia is

O

3000
=8104 stb/ day ( psi)2
1500

) J'O = 4*10-4

:and the value of J' at 1000 psia is

O

3000
4
2
=1.210 stb /day (psi)
1000

) J'O = 4*10-4

:Calculated data points are

( pe2 pwf 2 ) ... eq . ( 3.60 ) page 3/ 41

qo = J'O

Pe = 3000 psi
Pe = 2500 psi
Pe = 2000 psi
pwf
q(stb/d pwf
q(stb/d pwf
q(stb/d

(psi)

ay)

(psi)

ay)

(psi)

ay)

3000
2700
2400
2100
1800
1500
1200
900
600
300
0

0
684
1296
1836
2304
2700
3024
3276
3456
3564
3600

2500
2250
2000
1750
1500
1250
1000
750
500
250
0

0
570
1080
1530
1920
2250
2520
2730
2880
2970
3000

2000
1800
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0

0
456
864
1224
1536
1800
2016
2184
2304
2376
2400

Pe = 1500 psi
Pe = 1000 psi
pwf
q(stb/d pwf
q(stb/d
(psi)
ay)
(psi)
ay)
1500
1350
1200
1050
900
750
600
450
300
150
0

0
342
648
918
1152
1350
1512
1638
1728
1782
1800

1000
900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0

0
228
432
612
768
900
1008
1092
1152
1188
1200

0053
0003
0052
0002
(isp 0003=ep)
(isp 0052=ep)
0051(isp 0001-ep)

(isp) fwp

(isp 0002=ep)
0001
(isp 0051=ep)
005
0
0004 0053 0003 0052 0002 0051 0001

005

(yad/bts) oq

"IPR curve , problem 3.7"