TIU CHUN QUC GIA

TCVN 7447-4-41:2010
IEC 60364-4-41:2005
H THNG LP T IN H P - PHN 4-41: BO V AN TON - BO V CHNG IN
GIT
Low-voltage electrical installations - Part 4-41: Protection for safety - Protection against electric
shock
Li ni u
TCVN 7447-4-41:2010 thay th TCVN 7447-4-41:2004;
TCVN 7447-4-41:2010 hon ton tng ng vi IEC 60364-4-41:2005;
TCVN 7447-4-41:2010 do Ban k thut tiu chun quc gia TCVN/TC/E1 My in v kh c in
bin son, Tng cc Tiu chun o lng Cht lng ngh, B Khoa hc v Cng ngh cng
b.
Li gii thiu
B Tiu chun TCVN 7447 (IEC 60364) hin c cc phn sau:
TCVN 7447-1:2010, H thng lp t in h p - Phn 1: Nguyn tc c bn, nh gi cc c
tnh chung, nh ngha
TCVN 7447-4-41:2010, H thng lp t in h p - Phn 4-41: Bo v an ton - Bo v chng
in git
TCVN 7447-4-42:2005, H thng lp t in trong cc ta nh - Phn 4-42: Bo v an ton -
Bo v chng cc nh hng ca nhit
TCVN 7447-4-43:2010, H thng lp t in h p - Phn 4-43: Bo v an ton - Bo v chng
qu dng
TCVN 7447-4-44:2010, H thng lp t in h p - Phn 4-44: Bo v an ton - Bo v chng
nhiu in p v nhiu in t
TCVN 7447-5-51:2010, H thng lp t in h p - Phn 5-51: La chn v lp t thit b in
- Nguyn tc chung
TCVN 7447-5-52:2010, H thng lp t in h p - Phn 5-52: La chn v lp t thit b in
- H thng i dy
TCVN 7447-5-53:2005, H thng lp t in ca cc ta nh - Phn 5-53: La chn v lp t
thit b in - Cch ly, ng ct v iu khin
TCVN 7447-5-54:2005, H thng lp t in ca cc ta nh - Phn 5-54: La chn v lp t
thit b in - B tr ni t, dy bo v v dy lin kt bo v
TCVN 7447-5-55:2010, H thng lp t in h p - Phn 5-55: La chn v lp t thit b in
- Cc thit b khc
TCVN 7447-7-710:2006, H thng lp t in cho cc ta nh - Phn 7-710: Yu cu i vi h
thng lp t c bit hoc khu vc c bit - Khu vc y t
Ngoi ra b tiu chun quc t IEC 60364 cn c cc tiu chun sau:
IEC 60364-5-56, Low-voltage eletrical installations - Part 5-56: Selection and erection of electrical
equipment - Safety services
IEC 60364-6, Low-voltage eletrical installations - Part 6: Verification
IEC 60364-7-701, Low-voltage eletrical installations - Part 7-701: Requirements for special
installations or locations - Locations containing a bath or shower
IEC 60364-7-702, Low-voltage eletrical installations - Part 7-702: Requirements for special
installations or locations - Swimming pools and fountains
IEC 60364-7-703, Electrical installations of buildings - Part 7-703: Requirements for special
installations or locations - Rooms and cabins containing sauna heaters
IEC 60364-7-704, Low-voltage eletrical installations - Part 7-704: Requirements for special
installations or locations - Construction and demolition site installations
IEC 60364-7-705, Low-voltage eletrical installations - Part 7-705: Requirements for special
installations or locations - Agricultural and horticultural premises
IEC 60364-7-706, Low-voltage eletrical installations - Part 7-706: Requirements for special
installations or locations - Conducting locations with restricted movement
IEC 60364-7-708, Low-voltage eletrical installations - Part 7-708: Requirements for special
installations or locations - Caravan parks, camping parks and similar locations
IEC 60364-7-709, Low-voltage eletrical installations - Part 7-709: Requirements for special
installations or locations - Marinas and similar locations
IEC 60364-7-711, Electrical installations of buildings - Part 7-711: Requirements for special
installations or locations - Exhibitions, shows and stands
IEC 60364-7-712, Electrical installations of buildings - Part 7-712: Requirements for special
installations or locations - Solar photovoltaic (PV) power supply systems
IEC 60364-7-713, Electrical installations of buildings - Part 7: Requirements for special
installations or locations - Section 713: Furniture
IEC 60364-7-714, Electrical installations of buildings - Part 7: Requirements for special
installations or locations - Section 714: External lighting installations
IEC 60364-7-715, Electrical installations of buildings - Part 7-715: Requirements for special
installations or locations - Extra-low-voltage lighting installations
IEC 60364-7-717, Low-voltage eletrical installations - Part 7-717: Requirements for special
installations or locations - Mobile or transportable units
IEC 60364-7-721, Low-voltage eletrical installations - Part 7-721: Requirements for special
installations or locations - Electrical installations in caravans and motor caravans
IEC 60364-7-729, Low-voltage eletrical installations - Part 7-729: Requirements for special
installations or locations - Operating or maintenance gangways
IEC 60364-7-740, Electrical installations of buildings - Part 7-740: Requirements for special
installations or locations - Temporary electrical installations for structures, amusement devices
and booths at fairgrounds, amusement parks and circuses
IEC 60364-7-753, Low-voltage eletrical installations - Part 7-753: Requirements for special
installations or locations - Floor and ceiling heating systems

H THNG LP T IN H P - PHN 4-41: BO V AN TON - BO V CHNG IN

GIT
Low-voltage electrical installations - Part 4-41: Protection for safety - Protection against
electric shock
410.1. Phm vi p dng
Tiu chun ny quy nh cc yu cu thit yu lin quan n vic bo v chng in git, k c
bo v chnh (bo v chng tip xc trc tip) v bo v s c (bo v chng tip xc gin tip)
con ngi v vt nui. Tiu chun ny cng cp n vic p dng v phi hp cc yu cu
ny vi cc nh hng t bn ngoi.
410.2. Ti liu vin dn
Cc ti liu vin dn sau rt cn thit cho vic p dng tiu chun. i vi cc ti liu vin dn
ghi nm cng b th p dng bn c nu. i vi cc ti liu vin dn khng ghi nm cng b
th p dng phin bn mi nht, bao gm c cc sa i.
TCVN 7447-5-52 (IEC 60364-5-52), H thng lp t in h p - Phn 5-52: La chn v lp
t thit b in - H thng i dy
TCVN 7447-5-54 (IEC 60364-5-54), H thng lp t in h p - Phn 5-54: La chn v lp
t thit b in - B tr ni t, dy bo v v dy lin kt bo v)
TCVN 7994-1 (IEC 60439-1), T in ng ct v iu khin h p - T in c th nghim
in hnh v t in c th nghim in hnh tng phn
IEC 60364-6 (tt c cc phn), Electrical installations of buildings - Part 6: Verification (H thng
lp t in h p - Phn 6: Kim tra xc nhn)
IEC 60449, Voltage bands for electrical installations of buildings (Di in p dng cho h thng
lp t in ca cc cng trnh)
IEC 60614 (tt c cc phn), Conduits for electrical installations - Specification (ng dng cho h
thng lp t in - Quy nh k thut)
IEC 61084 (tt c cc phn), Cable trunking and ducting systems for electrical installations (H
thng ng v hp cp dng cho h thng lp t in)
IEC 61140, Protection against electric shock - Common aspects for installations and equipment
(Bo v chng in git - Kha cnh chung i vi h thng lp t v thit b)
IEC 61386 (tt c cc phn), Conduit systems for electrical installations (H thng ng dng cho
h thng lp t in)
IEC 61558-2-6, Safety of power transformers, power supply units and similar - Part 2-6: Particular
requirements for safety isolating transformers for general use (An ton ca my bin p in lc,
b ngun cung cp v cc thit b tng t - Phn 2-6: Yu cu c th i vi my bin p cch
ly an ton dng cho mc ch chung)
IEC Guide 104, The preparation of safety publications and the use of basic safety publications
and group safety publicatioin (Hng dn 104 ca IEC: Son tho cc tiu chun v an ton v
s dng cc tiu chun an ton c bn v tiu chun an ton nhm)
410.3. Yu cu chung
410.3.1. Trong tiu chun ny d kin p dng quy nh k thut di y v in p nu khng
c quy nh khc:
- in p xoay chiu l gi tr hiu dng;
- in p mt chiu l khng nhp nh.
Khng nhp nh c quy c l in p nhp nh hiu dng khng ln hn 10% thnh phn
mt chiu
410.3.2. Bin php bo v gm
- t hp thch hp ca trang b dng cho bo v chnh v trang b c lp dng cho bo v s c,
hoc
- trang b bo v tng cng cung cp c bo v chnh v bo v s c.
Bo v b sung c quy nh l mt phn ca bin php bo v trong cc iu kin nht nh
ca nh hng t bn ngoi v mt s v tr c bit nht nh (xem Phn 7 tng ng ca
TCVN 7477 (IEC 60364)).
CH THCH 1: i vi cc ng dng c bit, cho php s dng cc bin php bo v khng
tun th khi nim ny (xem 410.3.5 v 410.3.6).
CH THCH 2: V d v bin php bo v tng cng l cch in tng cng.
410.3.3. Trong tng phn ca h thng lp t, phi p dng mt hoc nhiu bin php bo v,
c tnh n cc iu kin nh hng t bn ngoi.
Nhn chung cho php s dng cc bin php bo v sau:
- t ng ngt ngun cung cp (iu 411),
- cch in kp hoc cch in tng cng (iu 412),
- cch ly v in ca ngun cung cp cho mt hng mc ca thit b s dng dng (iu 413),
- in p cc thp an ton (SELV v PELV) (iu 414).
Cc bin php bo v p dng trong h thng lp t phi c xem xt khi la chn v lp t
thit b.
i vi h thng lp t c th, xem 410.3.4 n 410.3.9.
CH THCH: Trong h thng lp t in, bin php bo v c s dng ph bin nht l t
ng ngt ngun cung cp.
410.3.4. i vi cc h thng lp t hoc v tr c bit, phi p dng cc bin php bo v c
th trong cc Phn 7 tng ng ca IEC 60364.
410.3.5. Bin php bo v, quy nh trong Ph lc B, tc l s dng chng ngi vt v t
ngoi tm vi, ch c s dng trong cc h thng lp t c tip cn bi
- ngi c k nng hoc c hng dn, hoc
- ngi c gim st bi ngi c k nng hoc ngi c hng dn.
410.3.6. Bin php bo v, c quy nh trong Ph lc C, tc l:
- v tr khng dn,
- lin kt ng th cc b khng ni t,
- cch ly v in ca ngun cung cp cho nhiu hng mc ca thit b s dng dng,
ch c th p dng khi h thng lp t c t di s gim st ca ngi c k nng hoc
ngi c hng dn sao cho khng th thc hin nhng thay i khng c php.
410.3.7. Nu khng th p ng mt s iu kin nht nh ca bin php bo v th phi p
dng cc trang b ph sao cho cc trang b bo v gp li c th t c cp an ton tng t.
CH THCH: V d v p dng quy tc ny c cho trong 411.7.
410.3.8. Bin php bo v khc p dng cho cng mt h thng lp t hoc mt phn ca h
thng lp t hoc bn trong thit b khng c c nh hng ln nhau n mc nu hng hc
mt bin php bo v ny c th lm nh hng n cc bin php bo v khc.
410.3.9. C th b qua trang b bo v s c (bo v chng tip xc gin tip) i vi cc thit b
sau:
- gi bng kim loi ca ci cch in ca ng dy trn khng c gn vo cng trnh v
c t ngoi tm vi;
- ct b tng ct thp ca ng dy trn khng trong li thp tng cng khng tip cn
c;
- b phn dn trn m, do kch thc gim nh ca chng (xp x 50 mm x 50 mm) hoc cch
b tr ca chng khng th cm nm hoc tip xc ng k vi mt phn ca c th ngi v
vi iu kin l u ni vi dy dn bo v ch c th thc hin mt cch kh khn hoc khng
chc chn.
CH THCH 1: S loi tr ny p dng cho, v d bu lng, inh tn, tm nhn v kp cp.
CH THCH 2: M, tt c cc b phn dn trn c ni lin kt vi dn dn bo v.
- ng kim loi hoc cc v bc kim loi khc bo v thit b theo iu 412.
411. Bin php bo v: t ng ngt ngun cung cp
411.1. Quy nh chung
T ng ngt ngun cung cp l bin php bo v trong :
- bo v chnh c cung cp bi cch in chnh ca b phn mang in hoc bng tm chn
hoc v bc, theo Ph lc A, v
- bo v s c c cung cp bi lin kt ng th bo v v ngt t ng trong trng hp s
c theo 411.3 n 411.6.
CH THCH 1: Trong trng hp p dng bin php bo v ny th c th s dng thit b Cp
II.
Khi c quy nh, bo v b sung c cung cp bng thit b bo v dng d (RCD) vi dng d
tc ng danh nh khng ln hn 30 mA theo 415.1.
CH THCH 2: Thit b theo di dng d (RCM) khng phi thit b bo v m c th s dng
chng theo di cc dng d trong h thng lp t in. RCM to ra tn hiu nghe c hoc
tn hiu nghe c v nhn c khi vt qu gi tr dng d chn trc.
411.2. Yu cu i vi bo v chnh
Tt c cc thit b in phi ph hp vi mt trong cc quy nh dng cho bo v chnh (bo v
chng tip xc trc tip) c m t trong Ph lc A hoc Ph lc B, ty theo tng trng hp.
411.3. Yu cu i vi bo v s c
411.3.1. Ni t bo v v lin kt ng th bo v
411.3.1.1. Ni t bo v
B phn dn trn phi c ni n dy dn bo v trong cc iu kin quy nh i vi tng
loi ni t h thng nh quy nh trong 411.4 n 411.6.
Cc b phn dn trn tip cn c ng thi phi c ni vi cng mt h thng ni t
mt cch c lp, theo nhm hoc tp trung.
Dy dn dng cho ni t bo v phi ph hp vi TCVN 7447-5-54 (IEC 60364-5-54).
Mch t phi c sn dy dn bo v ni vi u ni t lin quan.
411.3.1.2.Lin kt ng th bo v
Trong mi cng trnh, dy dn ni t, u ni t chnh v cc b phn dn di y phi c
ni vi lin kt ng th bo v:
- ng kim loi cung cp cc dch v vo cng trnh, v d ng dn kh t, ng nc;
- cc b phn dn khng thuc h thng lp t kt cu nu tip cn c trong s dng bnh
thng, h thng si hoc iu ha trung tm bng kim loi;
- li kim loi tng cng ca b tng ct thp kt cu, nu c th.
Trong trng hp cc b phn dn ny bt ngun t bn ngoi cng trnh th chng phi c
lin kt cng st cng tt vi im i vo bn trong cng trnh.
Dy dn dng lin kt ng th bo v phi ph hp vi TCVN 7447-5-54 (IEC 60364-5-54).
V kim loi bt k ca cp vin thng phi c ni vi lin kt ng th bo v, c tnh n cc
yu cu ca ngi s hu hoc ngi vn hnh cc cp ny.
411.3.2. Ngt t ng trong trng hp s c
411.3.2.1. Ngoi tr nh c cung cp trong 411.3.2.5 v 411.3.2.6, thit b bo v phi t
ng ngt ngun cung cp n dy pha ca mch in hoc thit b trong trng hp s c c
tr khng khng ng k gia dy pha v b phn dn trn hoc dy dn bo v trong mch
in hoc thit b trong khong thi gian ngt yu cu trong 411.3.2.2, 411.3.2.3 hoc 411.3.2.4.
CH THCH 1: Cc gi tr thi gian ngt ln hn thi gian yu cu trong iu ny c th c
chp nhn trong cc h thng phn phi in cng cng v pht v truyn ti in nng n cc
h thng ny.
CH THCH 2: Cc gi tr thi gian ngt nh hn c th c yu cu i vi cc h thng hoc
v tr lp t c bit theo Phn 7 lin quan ca IEC 60364.
CH THCH 3: i vi h thng IT, t ng ngt thng khng c yu cu khi xut hin s
c ln u (xem 411.6.1). i vi cc yu cu ngt sau s c ln u, xem 411.6.4.
CH THCH 4: B khng p dng 411.3.2.3. Quy tc i dy ca B (AREI-RGIE) khng quy
nh s khc nhau ca cc thi gian ngt t ng gia mch phn phi v mch cui.
CH THCH 5: Nauy, i vi h thng lp t to thnh mt phn ca h thng IT v c
cp ngun t mng cng cng, yu cu phi t ng ngt s c ln u.
411.3.2.2. Thi gian ngt ln nht quy nh trong Bng 41.1 phi p dng cho cc mch cui
khng ln hn 32 A.
Bng 41.1 - Thi gian ngt ln nht
50 V < Uo 120 V 120 V < Uo 230 V 230 V < Uo 400 V Uo > 400 V
H thng
s s s s
Xoay Xoay Xoay Xoay
Mt chiu Mt chiu Mt chiu Mt chiu
chiu chiu chiu chiu
TN 0,8 Ch thch 0,4 5 0,2 0,4 0,1 0,1
1
TT 0,3 Ch thch 0,2 0,4 0,07 0,2 0,04 0,1
1
Khi trong h thng TT, vic ngt t c bng thit b bo v qu dng v lin kt ng th bo
v c ni vi tt c cc b phn dn khng thuc h thng lp t trong phm vi h thng lp
t th c th s dng thi gian ngt ln nht p dng cho h thng TN.
Uo l in p pha-t xoay chiu hoc mt chiu danh ngha.
CH THCH 1: C th yu cu ngt v l do khc khng phi l bo v chng in git.
CH THCH 2: Khi ngt c cung cp bi RCD, xem ch thch ca 411.4.4, ch thch 4 ca
411.5.3 v ch thch ca 411.6.4 b).
CH THCH 3: B, khng p dng ct cui cng Uo > 400 V. Ln hn 400 V, B p dng
ng cong an ton nh cho trong Quy tc i dy quc gia B.
CH THCH 4: H Lan, thi gian ngt ln nht quy nh trong Bng 41.1 c p dng cho tt
c cc mch in khng ln hn 32 A v tt c cc mch in cp ngun cho cm.
CH THCH 5: Trung Quc, thi gian ngt mch ln nht quy nh trong Bng 41.1 c p
dng cho cc mch cui cp ngun cho thit b cm tay hoc thit b xch tay.
411.3.2.3. Trong h thng TN, cho php thi gian ngt khng ln hn 5 s i vi mch in
phn phi v cc mch in khng c cp trong 411.3.2.2.
411.3.2.4. Trong h thng TT, cho php thi gian ngt khng ln hn 1 s i vi cc mch in
phn phi v cc mch in khng c cp trong 411.3.2.2.
411.3.2.5. i vi h thng c in p danh ngha Uo ln hn 50 V xoay chiu hoc 120 V mt
chiu, khng yu cu ngt trong thi gian yu cu 411.3.2.2, 411.3.2.3 hoc 411.3.2.4 ty theo
tng trng hp nu khi c s c n dy dn bo v hoc t, in p u ra ca ngun gim
v 50 V xoay chiu hoc 120 V mt chiu hoc nh hn trong thi gian cha n 5 s. Trong cc
trng hp ny, phi xt n vic ngt khi c yu cu i vi vn khng phi l in git.
411.3.2.6. Nu vic ngt t ng theo 411.3.2.1 khng th t c trong thi gian yu cu
411.3.2.2, 411.3.2.3 hoc 411.3.2.4 ty theo tng trng hp th phi cung cp lin kt ng th
bo v b sung theo 415.2.
411.3.3. Bo v b sung
Trong cc h thng in xoay chiu, phi c bo v b sung bng thit b bo v dng d (RCD)
theo 415.1 cho
- cm c dng in danh nh khng ln hn 20 A c s dng bi nhng ngi bnh
thng v c thit k dng vi mc ch chung; v
CH THCH 1: C th loi tr i vi
- cm c s dng di s gim st ca ngi c k nng hoc c hng dn, v d
trong mt s a im thng mi hoc cng nghip, hoc
- cm c bit c cung cp u ni vi hng mc c th ca thit b.
CH THCH 2: Ty Ban Nha v Ailen, bo v b sung c cung cp cho cm c dng in
danh nh n 32 A c thit k nhng ngi bnh thng s dng.
CH THCH 3: B, mi h thng lp t in di s gim st ca nhng ngi bnh thng
phi c bo v bng RCD c dng d tc ng danh nh khng qu 300 mA; i vi cc
mch in cp ngun cho phng tm, my git, my ra bt, v.v, bt buc phi c bo v b
sung bng RCD vi dng d tc ng danh nh khng qu 30 mA; quy nh trn c hiu lc i
vi h thng lp t in c in tr ni t nh hn 30 ; trong trng hp in tr ni t ln
hn 30 v nh hn 100 , cn cung cp RCD b sung c dng d tc ng danh nh khng
ln hn 100 mA. Khng cho php in tr ni t ln hn 100 .
CH THCH 4: Nauy, tt c cc cng ty thng mi v cng nghip u phi tun th quy
nh yu cu quy trnh nh gi nng lc v o to cng nhn. Ngoi tr nhng vng cng
cng, cc cm trong cc cng ty thng mi v cng nghip thng khng c coi l
nhng ngi bnh thng s dng vi mc ch chung. cm trong nh v cc v tr BA2
c thit k nhng ngi bnh thng s dng cho mc ch chung.
CH THCH 5: Trung Quc, khng yu cu RCD 30 mA i vi cc cm cp ngun cho thit
b iu ha khng kh v c lp v tr m con ngi khng tip cn c.
- thit b di ng c dng in khng ln hn 32 A s dng ngoi tri.
411.4. H thng TN
411.4.1. Trong cc h thng TN, s lin mch ca ni t h thng lp t ph thuc vo u ni
tin cy v hiu qu ca dy PEN hoc PE vi t. Trong trng hp ni t c cung cp t
h thng ngun cng cng hoc h thng ngun khc th s ph hp vi cc iu kin cn thit
bn ngoi h thng thuc trch nhim ca ngi vn hnh mng li cung cp.
CH THCH 1: V d v cc iu kin ny gm:
- PEN c ni vi t ti mt s im v c lp t theo cch gim thiu ri ro t dy
PEN;
- RB/RE 50/(Uo - 50)
trong
RB l in tr ca in cc t, tnh bng m, ca tt c cc in cc t song song;
RE l in tr tip xc nh nht vi t, tnh bng m, ca b phn dn khng thuc h thng
lp t khng ni vi dy bo v m qua s c gia dy pha v t c th xut hin.
Uo l in p hiu dng xoay chiu danh ngha vi t, tnh bng vn.
CH THCH 2: c, s ph hp vi iu kin RB/RE 50/(Uo - 50) l bt buc i vi ngi
vn hnh mng ngun.
411.4.2. im trung tnh hoc im gia ca h thng ngun cung cp phi c ni t. Nu
khng c sn hoc khng tip cn c im trung tnh th mt dy pha phi c ni t.
Cc b phn dn trn ca h thng lp t phi c ni n u ni ni t chnh ca h
thng in bng dy dn bo v v chnh dy dn bo v ny cng phi c ni n im ni
t ca h thng ngun cung cp.
CH THCH 1: Nu c cc mi ni t c hiu lc khc, khuyn co nn ni cc dy dn bo v
n cc im ny bt c ni no c th. C th cn phi ni t cc im b sung, phn b
cng u cng tt, m bo rng, trong trng hp s c, in th ca dy dn bo v c
gi cng gn vi in th t cng tt.
Trong cc cng trnh ln nh cng trnh cao tng, khng th ni t b sung cho dy dn bo v
v l do thc t. Tuy nhin, trong trng hp ny, lin kt ng th gia cc dy dn bo v v
cc b phn dn khng thuc h thng lp t cng c chc nng tng t.
CH THCH 2: Khuyn co rng cc dy dn bo v (PE v PEN) nn c ni t khi i vo
bt k cng trnh hoc c s no, c tnh n dng in trung tnh sai lch bt k.
411.4.3. Trong cc h thng lp t c nh, mt dy dn duy nht c th va lm dy dn bo
v va lm dy trung tnh (dy PEN) vi iu kin l phi p ng cc yu cu ca 543.4 ca
TCVN 7447-5-54 (IEC 60364-5-54). Trn dy PEN khng c lp thit b cch ly hoc ng ct.
CH THCH 1: Thy S, thit b bo v qu dng ca cng trnh chnh vi thit b cch ly tch
hp trn dy PEN to thnh giao din gia mng in v h thng lp t ca cng trnh .
CH THCH 2: Nauy, khng cho php s dng dy PEN pha sau bng phn phi chnh.
411.4.4. c tnh ca thit b bo v (xem 411.4.5) v cc tr khng mch phi p ng yu cu
sau:
Zs x Ia Uo
trong
Zs l tr khng, tnh bng m, ca mch vng s c gm
- ngun
- dy pha n im s c, v
- dy pha bo v t im xy ra s c n ngun;
Ia l dng in, tnh bng ampe (A), gy ra tc ng ngt t ng ca thit b bo v trong
khong thi gian quy nh trong 411.3.2.2 hoc 411.3.2.3. Khi thit b bo v dng d (RCD)
c s dng th dng in ny l dng d tc ng to ra ngt trong thi gian quy nh trong
411.3.2.2 hoc 411.3.2.3;
Uo l in p xoay chiu hoc mt chiu danh ngha so vi t, tnh bng vn (V).
CH THCH: Trong trng hp s ph hp vi iu ny c cung cp bi RCD th thi gian
ngt theo Bng 41.1 lin quan n cc dng d k vng s c cao hn ng k so vi dng d
tc ng danh nh ca RCD (thng l 5In ).
411.4.5. Trong cc h thng TN, c th s dng cc thit b bo v di y bo v s c
(bo v chng tip xc gin tip):
- thit b bo v qu dng;
- thit b bo v bng dng d (RCD).
CH THCH 1: Trong trng hp s dng RCD bo v s c th mch in cng cn c
bo v bng thit b bo v qu dng theo TCVN 7447-4-43 (IEC 60364-4-43).
Khng c s dng thit b bo v bng dng d (RCD) trong cc h thng TN-C;
Khi s dng thit b bo v bng dng d trong h thng TN-C-S, th khng c s dng dy
PEN pha ti. Vic u ni dy dn bo v vi dy PEN phi c thc hin trn pha ngun
ca thit b bo v bng dng d.
CH THCH 2: Trong trng hp cn bo v phn bit gia cc RCD th xem 535.3 ca TCVN
7447-5-53 (IEC 60364-5-53).
411.5. H thng TT
411.5.1. Tt c cc b phn dn trn c bo v tp trung bng cng mt thit b bo v
phi c ni vi in cc ni t chung cho tt c cc b phn ny bng dy dn bo v.
Trong trng hp mt s thit b bo v c ni ni tip, yu cu ny p dng ring r cho tt
c cc b phn dn trn c bo v bi tng thit b.
im trung tnh hoc im gia ca h thng ngun cung cp phi c ni t. Nu im trung
tnh hoc im gia khng c sn hoc khng tip cn c th mt dy pha phi c ni t.
CH THCH: H Lan, in tr ca in cc t cn cng nh cng tt, nhng trong mi
trng hp khng c ln hn 166 .
411.5.2. Nhn chung trong h thng TT, phi s dng RCD bo v s c. Mt khc, c th s
dng thit b bo v qu dng bo v s c vi iu kin gi tr thp thch hp ca Z s c
xc nh chc chn v tin cy.
CH THCH 1: Trong trng hp s dng RCD bo v s c, mch in cng cn c bo
v bng thit b bo v qu dng theo TCVN 7447-4-43 (IEC 60364-4-43).
CH THCH 2: S dng thit b bo v tc ng theo s c in p khng c cp trong
tiu chun ny.
CH THCH 3: H Lan, khi s dng h thng ni t cho t hai h thng lp t in tr ln
th s ph hp vi 411.5.3 phi c duy tr trong trng hp
- ngt n bt k ca h thng ni t,
- hng thit b bo v bng dng d (RCD).
411.5.3. Trong trng hp thit b bo v bng dng d (RCD) c s dng bo v s c
th phi p ng cc iu kin di y:
i) thi gian ngt theo yu cu trong 411.3.2.2 hoc 411.3.2.4 v
ii) RA x In 50 V
trong
RA l tng in tr, tnh bng m, ca in cc t v dy dn bo v dng cho cc b phn dn
trn;
In l dng d tc ng danh nh ca RCD.
CH THCH 1: Bo v s c cng c cung cp trong trng hp ny nu tr khng s c l
ng k.
CH THCH 2: Trong trng hp cn bo v phn bit gia cc RCD, xem 535.3 ca TCVN
7447-5-53 (IEC 60364-5-53).
CH THCH 3: Trong trng hp cha bit RA, c th thay bng Zs.
CH THCH 4: Thi gian ngt theo Bng 41.1 lin quan n cc dng d k vng s c cao hn
ng k so vi dng d tc ng danh nh ca RCD (thng l 5In).
411.5.4. Trong trng hp s dng thit b bo v qu dng th phi p ng iu kin sau:
Zs x Ia Uo
trong
Zs l tr khng tnh bng m ca vng lp s c gm
- ngun,
- dy pha n im s c,
- dy dn bo v ca b phn dn trn,
- dy dn ni t,
- in cc t ca h thng lp t, v
- in cc t ca ngun;
Ia l dng in, tnh bng ampe, gy ra tc ng t ng ca thit b ngt trong khong thi gian
quy nh trong 411.3.2.2 hoc 411.3.2.4;
Uo l in p pha-t xoay chiu hoc mt chiu danh ngha.
411.6. H thng IT
411.6.1. Trong cc h thng IT, cc b phn mang in phi c cch ly vi t hoc c ni
vi t qua mt tr khng ln. Mi ni ny c th c thc hin ti im trung tnh hoc
im gia ca h thng hoc ti im trung tnh gi. im trung tnh gi c th c ni trc tip
vi t nu to ra tr khng vi t ln tn s h thng. Khi khng c im trung tnh hoc
im gia, th c th ni dy pha vi t thng qua mt tr khng ln.
Khi , dng in s c l thp khi c s c n vi b phn dn trn hoc vi t v khng
bt buc phi ngt ngun t ng theo 411.3.2 min l p ng iu kin trong 411.6.2. Tuy
nhin, phi thc hin cc bin php trnh nguy c gy nh hng sinh l bt li cho con
ngi khi tip xc vi cc b phn dn c th tip cn ng thi khi c hai s c ng thi tn
ti.
CH THCH 1: gim qu in p hoc tt dn dao ng in p, c th cn to ra ni t
thng qua tr khng hoc im trung tnh gi, v cc c tnh ca chng cn thch hp vi cc
yu cu ca h thng lp t.
CH THCH 2: Nauy, khi c nhiu h thng lp t c mi ni galvanic vi cng mt mng
phn phi th tt c cc mch in u ra trong h thng lp t IT c mi ni galvanic n mng
phn phi IT cng cng cn c ngt ra trong khong thi gian quy nh i vi h thng TN
(xem Bng 41.1) khi c s c c tr khng khng ng k gia dy pha v b phn dn trn
hoc dy dn bo v trong mch in hoc thit b.
411.6.2. Cc b phn dn trn phi c ni t ring r, theo nhm hoc tp trung.
Phi tha mn iu kin di y:
- trong h thng xoay chiu RA x Id 50 V
- trong h thng mt chiu RA x Id 120 V
trong
RA l tng in tr, tnh bng m, ca in cc t v dy dn bo v dng cho cc b phn dn
trn;
Id l dng in s c, tnh bng ampe, ca s c ln u c tr khng khng ng k gia dy
pha v b phn dn trn. Gi tr ca Id c tnh n dng in r v tr khng ni t tng ca
h thng lp t in.
411.6.3. Trong h thng IT, c th s dng cc thit b theo di v thit b bo v sau:
- thit b theo di cch in (MD);
- thit b theo di dng d (RCM);
- h thng nh v s c cch in;
- thit b bo v qu dng;
- thit b bo v bng dng d (RCD).
CH THCH: Trong trng hp s dng thit b tc ng theo dng d (RCD), khng th khng
k n tc ng ca RCD khi c s c ln u do dng in r kiu in dung.
411.6.3.1. Trong trng hp h thng IT c s dng m bo s lin tc ca ngun, th
phi c thit b theo di cch in bo hiu s xut hin ca s c ln u t b phn mang
in n cc b phn dn trn hoc n t. Thit b ny phi pht ra tn hiu m thanh
v/hoc hnh nh v phi tip tc chng no s c vn cn.
Nu c c tn hiu m thanh v hnh nh, cho php ngt tn hiu m thanh.
CH THCH 1: Khuyn co l cn loi b s c ln u vi thi gian tr nh nht c th thc
hin c.
CH THCH 2: H Lan, i vi h thng ngun IT c s dng m bo s lin tc ca
ngun, v khi h thng c ni vi t thng qua tr khng (xem 411.6.1), RCM c th c
cung cp theo di h thng thay cho IMD.
411.6.3.2. Ngoi tr trng hp thit b bo v c lp t ngt ngun cung cp khi c s
c ln u, RCM hoc h thng nh v s c cch in c th c cung cp bo hiu s
xut hin ca s c ln u t b phn mang in n b phn dn trn hoc n t. Thit
b ny phi pht ra tn hiu m thanh v/hoc hnh nh v phi tip tc chng no s c vn cn.
Nu c c tn hiu m thanh v hnh nh, cho php ngt tn hiu m thanh cn tn hiu hnh phi
tip tc chng no s c vn cn.
CH THCH: Khuyn co l cn loi b s c ln u vi thi gian tr nh nht c th thc hin
c.
411.6.4. Sau khi xy ra s c ln u. cc iu kin t ng ngt ngun khi c s c ln th
hai trn dy pha khc phi nh di y:
a) Trong trng hp cc b phn dn trn c ni vi nhau bng dy dn bo v ni t
tp trung n cng mt h thng ni t th p dng cc iu kin tng t vi h thng TN v
phi p ng cc iu kin sau khi dy trung tnh khng c cung cp trong h thng xoay
chiu v khi dy gia khng c cung cp trong h thng mt chiu:
2IaZs U
hoc trong trng hp dy trung tnh hoc dy gia c cung cp mt cch ln lt:
2IaZ's Uo
trong
Uo l in p danh ngha mt chiu hoc xoay chiu, tnh bng vn, gia dy pha v dy trung
tnh hoc dy gia, ty theo tng trng hp;
U l in p danh ngha xoay chiu hoc mt chiu, tnh bng vn, gia cc dy pha;
Zs l tr khng, tnh bng m, ca vng lp s c gm dy pha v dy bo v ca mch in;
Z's l tr khng, tnh bng m, ca vng lp s c gm dy trung tnh v dy bo v ca mch
in;
Ia l dng in, tnh bng ampe, lm cho thit b bo v tc ng trong khong thi gian yu cu
trong 411.3.2.2 i vi h thng TN hoc 411.3.2.3.
CH THCH 1: Thi gian nu trong Bng 41.1 ca 411.3.2.2 i vi h thng TN p dng c
cho cc h thng IT c hoc khng c dy trung tnh hoc dy gia.
CH THCH 2: H s 2 trong c hai cng thc trn c tnh n trng hp khi xut hin ng
thi c hai s c trn hai mch in khc nhau.
CH THCH 3: i vi tr khng vng lp s c, trng hp khc nghit nht cn c tnh
n, v d s c trn dy pha ti ngun v s c khc ng thi trn dy trung tnh ca thit b
s dng dng ca mch in ang xt.
b) Trong trng hp cc b phn dn trn c ni t theo nhm hoc c lp, p dng
iu kin sau;
RA x Ia 50 V
trong
RA l tng in tr ca in cc t v dy bo v vi cc b phn dn trn,
Ia l dng in gy ra ngt t ng ca thit b ngt trong thi gian p ng iu kin i vi h
thng TT trong Bng 41.1 ca 411.3.2.2 hoc trong thi gian p ng 411.3.2.4.
CH THCH 4: Nu s ph hp vi cc yu cu ca b) c cung cp bi thit b bo v dng
d (RCD) th s ph hp vi thi gian ngt yu cu i vi cc h thng TT trong Bng 41.1 c
th i hi dng in d ln hn ng k so vi dng d tc ng danh nh In ca RCD
(thng l 5 In).
411.7. H thng FELV
411.7.1. Quy nh chung
Trong trng hp v cc l do chc nng, tuy s dng in p danh ngha khng ln hn 50
V xoay chiu hoc 120 V mt chiu nhng khng p ng c tt c cc yu cu ca iu 414
lin quan n SELV hoc PELV, v khi khng nht thit phi c SELV hoc PELV, th phi thc
hin cc bin php b sung m t trong 411.7.2 v 411.7.3 m bo c bo v chnh v bo
v s c. Vic kt hp cc bin php bo v ny gi l FELV.
CH THCH: C th gp cc iu kin ny, v d, khi mch c cha thit b (nh bip p, rle,
thit b ng ct iu khin t xa, cng tc t) khng cch in vi cc mch c in p cao
hn.
411.7.2. Yu cu i vi bo v chnh
Bo v chnh phi c cung cp bi
- bo v chnh theo iu A.1 ng vi in p danh ngha ca mch s cp ca ngun, hoc
- tm chn hoc v bc theo iu A.2.
411.7.3. Yu cu i vi bo v s c
Cc b phn dn trn ca thit b trong mch FELV phi c ni vi dy dn bo v ca
mch s cp ca ngun, vi iu kin l mch s cp phi c bo v bng cch ngt ngun
t ng m t trong 411.3 n 411.6.
411.7.4. Ngun
Ngun trong h thng FELV phi l bin p ti thiu c phn cch n gin gia cc cun dy
hoc phi ph hp vi 414.3.
CH THCH: Nu h thng c cp ngun t h thng c in p cao hn bi thit b m
khng to ra phn cch n gin ti thiu gia h thng v h thng FELV, v d bin p t
ngu, in th k, thit b bn dn, v.v th mch in u ta c coi l m rng ca mch
in u vo v cn c bo v bi bin php bo v p dng cho mch u vo.
411.7.5. Phch cm v cm
Phch cm v cm dng cho h thng FELV phi ph hp vi cc yu cu sau:
- phch cm phi khng c kh nng cm vo cm ca cc h thng in p khc,
- cm khng c chp nhn cc phch cm ca cc h thng in p khc, v
- cm phi c tip im ca dy dn bo v.
412. Bin php bo v: cch in kp hoc cch in tng cng
412.1. Quy nh chung
412.1.1. Cch in kp hoc cch in tng cng l bin php bo v trong
- bo v chnh c cung cp bi cch in chnh, v bo v s c c cung cp bi cch
in ph, hoc
- bo v chnh v bo v s c c cung cp bi cch in tng cng gia cc b phn
mang in v b phn tip cn c.
CH THCH: Bin php bo v ny nhm ngn nga s xut hin ca in p nguy him trn
cc b phn tip cn c ca thit b in do s c trong cch in chnh.
412.1.2. Bin php bo v bng cch in kp hoc cch in tng cng c p dng cho tt
c cc trng hp, tr mt s hn ch trong Phn 7 tng ng ca TCVN 7447 (IEC 60364).
412.1.3. Trong trng hp bin php bo v ny c s dng lm bin php bo v n nht
(tc l khi ton b h thng lp t hoc mch in c thit k cha hon ton thit b c
cch in kp hoc cch in tng cng), th phi kim tra xem h thng lp t hoc mch
in lin quan s nm di s gim st hiu qu khng trong s dng bnh thng khng c
thay i no nh hng n mch in bt k c cha cm hoc khi ngi s dng c th
thay i cc hng mc ca thit b m khng c php.
412.2. Yu cu i vi bo v chnh v bo v s c
412.2.1. Thit b in
Trong trng hp s dng bin php bo v, dng cch in kp hoc cch in tng cng,
cho ton b h thng hoc mt phn h thng lp t th thit b in phi ph hp vi mt trong
s cc iu di y:
- 412.2.1.1; hoc
- 412.2.1.2 v 412.2.2; hoc
- 412.2.1.3 v 412.2.2.
412.2.1.1. Thit b in thuc cc loi di y, v c th nghim in hnh v ghi nhn
theo cc tiu chun lin quan:
- thit b in c cch in kp hoc cch in tng cng (thit b Cp II);
- thit b c cng b trong tiu chun sn phm lin quan l tng ng vi thit b Cp
II, v d nh cm thit b in c cch in tng (xem TCVN 7994-1 (IEC 60439-1)).

CH THCH: Thit b ny c nhn bit bng k hiu IEC 60417-5172: Thit b cp II

412.2.1.2. Trong qu trnh lp t h thng lp t in, phi t cch in ph vo nhng thit
b in ch c cch in chnh to ra cp an ton tng ng cho cc thit b in theo
412.2.1.1 v ph hp vi cc iu t 412.2.2.1 n 412.2.2.3.
CH THCH: K hiu cn c c nh bn ngoi hoc bn trong v bc v tr nhn thy
c. Xem IEC 60417-5019: t bo v.
412.2.1.3. Trong qu trnh lp t h thng lp t in, phi t cch in tng cng vo thit
b in m cc b phn mang in khng c cch in to ra cp an ton tng ng cho
thit b in theo 412.2.1.1 v ph hp vi cc iu t 412.2.2.2 v 412.2.2.3; ch chp nhn
cch in nh vy khi c trng ca kt cu khng cho php s dng cch in kp.
CH THCH: K hiu cn c c nh bn ngoi hoc bn trong v bc v tr nhn thy
c. Xem IEC 60417-5019: t bo v.
412.2.2. V bc
412.2.2.1. Thit b in c sn sng lm vic, tt c cc b phn dn c cch ly vi cc
b phn mang in ch bng cch in chnh phi c cha trong v bc cch in to ra cp
bo v bng v ngoi t nht l IPXXB hoc IP2X.
412.2.2.2. p dng cc yu cu nh quy nh di y:
- cc b phn dn c kh nng truyn in th khng c xuyn qua v bc cch in; v
- v bc cch in khng c cha cc vt hoc cc phng tin dng c nh khc bng
vt liu cch in m c th phi tho ra hoc c nhiu kh nng phi tho ra trong qu trnh lp
t hoc bo tr m vic lp li cc vt kim loi hoc cc phng tin dng c nh khc c th
gy nh hng xu n cch in ca v bc.
Trong trng hp cc khp hoc cc mi ni c kh (v d tay thao thc ca thit b lp trong)
xuyn qua v bc cch in, th chng phi c b tr sao cho khng gy nh hng xu n
bo v chng in git trong trng hp s c.
412.2.2.3. Trong trng hp np hoc ca ca v bc dng cch in c th m ra m
khng cn n dng c hoc cha kha, th tt c cc b phn dn c th tip cn khi np y
hoc ca m phi c t pha sau tm chn cch in (to ra cp bo v khng nh hn
IPXXB hoc IP2X) con ngi khi tip xc khng ch n cc b phn dn in ny. Tm
chn cch in ny ch tho c ra khi c s dng dng c hoc cha kha.
412.2.2.4. Khng c ni cc b phn dn nm trong v bc dng cch in vi dy dn
bo v. Tuy nhin, cho php thc hin cc d phng u ni cc dy dn bo v nht thit
phi chy qua v bc phc v cc thit b in khc m mch in cung cp ca chng cng
chy qua v bc. Bn trong v bc, cc dy dn ny v cc u ni ca chng phi c cch
in nh th chng l cc b phn mang in, v cc u ni ca chng phi c nh du l
u ni PE.
Khng c ni cc b phn dn trn v cc b phn trung gian vi dy dn bo v tr khi
c quy nh c th cho iu ny trong quy nh k thut i vi thit b lin quan.
412.2.2.5. V bc khng c gy nh hng bt li n tc ng ca thit b c bo v theo
cch ny.
412.2.3. H thng lp t
412.2.3.1. H thng lp t ca thit b c cp trong 412.2.1 (phng tin dng c nh,
u ni dy dn, v.v) phi c hiu qu sao cho khng gy h hi n bo v ph hp vi quy
nh k thut ca thit b.
412.2.3.2. Tr trng hp p dng 412.1.3, mch in cp in cho cc hng mc thit b cp II
phi c dy dn bo v ca mch chy n v kt thc ti tng im trn h thng i dy v
tng ph kin.
CH THCH: Yu cu ny nhm tnh n kh nng ngi s dng thay thit b cp II bng thit
b cp I.
412.2.4. H thng i dy
412.2.4.1. H thng i dy c lp t theo TCVN 7447-5-52 (IEC 60364-5-52) c coi l p
ng cc yu cu ca 412.2 nu:
- in p danh nh ca h thng i dy khng nh hn in p danh ngha ca h thng v ti
thiu l 300/500 V, v
- bo v c ca cch in chnh c cung cp y bng mt hoc nhiu phng tin sau:
a) v bc phi kim loi ca cp, hoc
b) h thng hp hoc ng ng phi kim loi ph hp vi b tiu chun IEC 61084, hoc h
thng ng ph hp vi b tiu chun IEC 60614 hoc IEC 61386.
CH THCH 1: Cc tiu chun sn phm cp khng quy nh kh nng chu xung tuy nhin cn
coi rng cch in ca h thng cp t nht phi tng ng vi yu cu trong IEC 61140 i
vi cch in tng cng.

CH THCH 2: H thng i dy ny khng nn c nhn bit bng k hiu IEC 60417-5172

hoc bng k hiu IEC 60417-5019.
CH THCH 3: Italia, cc h thng i dy c lp t theo TCVN 7447-5-52 (IEC 60364-5-
52) trong h thng in c in p danh ngha khng ln hn 690 V c coi l p ng cc yu
cu ca 412.2 nu s dng cc cp hoc dy dn cch in di y:
- cp, c v bc phi kim loi, c in p danh nh cao hn mt nc so vi in p danh ngha
ca h thng; hoc
- dy dn cch in c lp t trong ng dn cch in hoc hp cch in ph hp vi cc
tiu chun lin quan; hoc
- cp, c v bc kim loi, v gia cc dy dn v v bc v gia v bc kim loi ny v b mt
bn ngoi c cch in cho in p danh ngha ca h thng in.
413. Bin php bo v: cch ly v in
413.1. Quy nh chung
413.1.1. Cch l v in l bin php bo v trong
- bo v chnh c cung cp bi cch in chnh ca cc b phn mang in hoc bng tm
chn v v bc theo Ph lc A, v
- bo v s c c cung cp bi cch ly n gin ca mch in c cch ly vi cc mch
in khc vi t.
413.1.2. Tr khi c quy nh trong 413.1.3, bin php bo v ny phi c gii hn ngun
cung cp ca mt hng mc thit b s dng dng in c cp in t mt ngun khng ni
t c cch ly n gin.
CH THCH: Khi s dng bin php bo v ny, iu c bit quan trng l phi m bo s
ph hp ca cch in chnh vi tiu chun sn phm.
413.1.3. Trong trng hp c nhiu hn mt hng mc ca thit b mang dng in c cp
in t ngun khng ni t c cch ly n gin th phi tha mn cc yu cu trong iu C.3.
413.2. Yu cu i vi bo v chnh
Tt c cc thit b in phi c mt trong cc trang b bo v chnh trong Ph lc A hoc c bin
php bo v trong iu 412.
413.3. Yu cu i vi bo v s c
413.3.1. Bo v bng cch ly v in phi c m bo bng s ph hp vi 413.3.2 n
413.3.6.
413.3.2. Mch in cch ly phi c cp ngun bng ngun ti thiu c cch ly thun ty, v
in p ca mch in cch ly khng c vt qu 500 V.
413.3.3. Khng c ni t b phn mang in ca mch in cch ly bt k im no ti
cc mch khc hoc vi t hoc dy bo v.
m bo cch ly v in, b tr mch in phi sao cho t c cch in chnh gia cc
mch in.
413.3.4. Phi nhn thy c cp v dy mm trn sut phn chiu di bt k c nhiu kh nng
b h hi v c.
413.3.5. i vi cc mch in cch ly, khuyn co s dng h thng i dy ring. Nu khng
trnh c vic s dng cc dy dn ca cng mt h thng i dy cho cc mch in cch ly
v cc mch khc, th phi s dng cp nhiu rut dn nhng khng bc kim loi, hoc s dng
cc dy dn cch in nm trong ng, h thng ng ng hoc hp cch in, vi iu kin l
- in p danh nh khng nh hn in p cao nht c danh ngha, v
- tng mch in phi c bo v chng qu dng.
413.3.6. Cc b phn dn trn ca mch in cch ly khng c ni vi dy dn bo v
cng nh cc b phn trn ca mch khc, hoc vi t.
CH THCH: Nu cc b phn dn trn ca mch in cch ly c kh nng tr nn tip xc,
c ch hoc ngu nhin, vi cc b phn dn trn ca cc mch khc, th bo v chng
in git khng cn ch ph thuc vo bo v bng cch ly v in m cn ph thuc vo bin
php bo v m b phn dn trn ca cc mch khc .
414. Bin php bo v: in p cc thp c cung cp bi SELV v PELV
414.1. Quy nh chung
414.1.1. Bo v bng in p cc thp l bin php bo v c cha mt trong hai h thng in
p cc thp khc nhau:
- SELV; hoc
- PELV.
Bin php bo v ny i hi:
- gii hn in p trong h thng SELV hoc PELV gii hn trn ca di in p I, 50 V xoay
chiu hoc 120 V mt chiu (xem IEC 60449), v
- cch ly bo v ca h thng SELV hoc PELV vi tt c cc mch in khng phi mch SELV
v PELV, v cch in chnh gia h thng SELV v PELV v h thng SELV hoc PELV khc,
v
- ch i vi h thng SELV, cch in chnh gia h thng SELV vi t.
414.1.2. S dng SELV hoc PELV theo iu 414 c xem l bin php bo v trong tt c
cc trng hp.
CH THCH: Trong cc trng hp nht nh ca b tiu chun IEC 60364-7, gi tr in p cc
thp c gii hn gi tr thp hn 50 V xoay chiu hoc 120 V mt chiu.
414.2. Yu cu i vi bo v chnh v bo v s c
Bo v chnh v bo v s c c coi l c cung cp khi
- in p danh ngha khng th vt qu gii hn trn ca in p di I,
- ngun cung cp t mt trong cc ngun c lit k trong 414.3, v
- cc iu kin ca 414.4. c p ng.
CH THCH 1: Nu h thng c cp in t h thng in p cao hn bng thit b cung cp
t nht l cch ly n gin gia h thng v h thng in p cc thp, nhng khng p ng
cc yu cu i vi cc ngun SELV v PELV trong 414.3, th cc yu cu i vi FELV c th
p dng, xem 411.7.
CH THCH 2: in p mt chiu i vi mch ELV pht ra bi b chuyn i bn dn (IEC
60146-2) yu cu mch in p xoay chiu bn trong cp ngun cho dy chnh lu. in p
xoay chiu bn trong ny vt qu in p mt chiu v cc l do vt l. Mch in xoay chiu
bn trong khng c coi l mch in c in p cao hn theo ngha ca iu ny. Phi c
cch ly bo v gia cc mch in bn trong v mch in c in p cao hn bn ngoi.
CH THCH 3: Trong h thng mt chiu c s dng pin/acqui, in p np v in p th ni
pin/acqui vt qu in p danh ngha ca chng, ty thuc vo loi pin/acqui. iu ny khng
yu cu trang b bo v no ngoi nhng trang b c quy nh trong iu ny. in p np
khng nn vt qu gi tr ln nht 75 V xoay chiu hoc 150 V mt chiu khi thch hp theo
tnh trng mi trng nh cho trong Bng 1 ca IEC 61201:1992.
414.3. Cc ngun dng cho SELV v PELV
C th s dng cc ngun sau y cho h thng SELV v PELV.
414.3.1. Bin p cch ly an ton theo IEC 61558-2-6.
414.3.2. Ngun dng cung cp mc an ton tng ng vi mc ca my bin p cch ly an
ton quy nh trong 414.3.1 (v d ng c my pht c cc cun dy to ra cch ly tng
ng).
414.3.3. Ngun in ha (v d pin/acqui) hoc ngun khc khng ph thuc vo mch in p
cao hn (v d my pht chy bng du).
414.3.4. Mt s thit b in t nht nh ph hp vi cc tiu chun thch hp khi cung cp cc
trang b m bo rng, ngay c trong trng hp s c bn trong, in p cc u ra bn
ngoi khng th vt qu cc gi tr quy nh trong 414.1.1. Tuy nhin, cc in p cao hn
cc u ra bn ngoi l c php nu m bo rng trong trng hp tip xc vi b phn
mang in hoc khi c s c gia b phn mang in v b phn dn trn, in p ti cc
u ra b gim ngay lp tc n cc gi tr ny hoc thp hn.
CH THCH 1: V d v cc thit b ny l thit b th nghim cch in v thit b theo di.
CH THCH 2: Trong trng hp ti cc u ra bn ngoi c cc in p cao hn th c th coi
l t c s ph hp vi iu ny nu in p ti cc u ra bn ngoi nm trong gii hn
quy nh trong 414.1.1 khi c o vi vn mt c in tr ni ti thiu l 3 000 .
414.3.5. Cc ngun di ng c cp in in p thp, v d cc bin p cch ly an ton
hoc ng c my pht, phi c chn hoc c lp t theo cc yu cu bo v bng
cch s dng cch in kp hoc cch in tng cng (xem iu 412).
414.4. Yu cu i vi mch SELV v PELV
414.4.1. Mch SELV v PELV phi c
- cch in chnh gia cc b phn mang in v cc mch SELV hoc PELV khc, v
- cch ly bo v khi cc b phn mang in ca mch in khng phi mch SELV hoc PELV,
c cung cp bi cch in kp hoc cch in tng cng hoc bng cch in chnh v mn
chn bo v i vi in p cao nht c th.
Mch SELV phi c cch in chnh gia cc b phn mang in v t.
Mch PELV v/hoc cc b phn dn trn ca thit b c cp in bng cc mch in
PELV c php ni t.
CH THCH 1: C th, cch ly bo v l cn thit gia cc b phn mang in ca thit b in v
d nh rle, cngtct, thit b ng ct ph, v b phn bt k ca mch in p cao hn hoc
mch PELV.
CH THCH 2: Ni t ca mch PELV c th t c bng u ni vi t hoc vi dy dn
bo v ni t trong bn thn ngun.
414.4.2. Cch ly bo v ca h thng i dy ca mch SELV v PELV vi cc b phn mang
in ca mch in khc m c th c t nht l cch in chnh, c th t c bng mt trong
cc b tr sau:
- ngoi cch in chnh, cc dy dn ca mch in SELV v PELV phi c bao kn trong v
bc phi kim loi hoc v bc cch in;
- dy dn mch SELV v PELV phi c cch ly vi cc dy dn ca mch in c in p cao
hn di I bng v bc kim loi c ni t hoc mn chn kim loi ni t;
- dy dn mch in c in p cao hn di I c th cha trong cp nhiu dy hoc nhm cc
dy dn nu dy dn SELV v PELV c cch in i vi in p cao nht c th c;
- h thng i dy ca mch in khc ph hp vi 412.2.4.1;
- cch ly vt l.
414.4.3. Phch cm v cm trong h thng SELV v PELV phi ph hp vi cc yu cu sau:
- phch cm khng c c kh nng cm vo cm ca cc h thng in p khc,
- cm khng c chp nhn cc phch cm ca cc h thng in p khc, v
- phch cm v cm trong h thng SELV khng c c cc dnh cho dy dn bo v.
414.4.4. Cc b phn dn trn ca mch SELV khng c ni vi t, vi dy dn bo v
hoc b phn dn trn ca mch in khc.
CH THCH: Nu cc b phn dn trn ca mch SELV c kh nng tr nn tip xc, c ch
hoc ngu nhin, vi cc b phn dn trn ca cc mch khc, th bo v chng in git
khng cn ch ph thuc vo bo v bng mch SELV m cn ph thuc vo bin php bo v
ca b phn dn trn ca cc mch khc .
414.4.5. Nu in p danh ngha vt qu 25 V xoay chiu hoc 60 V mt chiu hoc nu thit
b c ngm th bo v chnh phi c cung cp cho mch SELV v PELV bng:
- cch in theo iu A.1 hoc
- tm chn hoc v bc theo iu A.2
Cch in chnh nhn chung l khng cn thit trong cc iu kin kh bnh thng i vi
- mch SELV trong in p danh ngha khng ln hn 25 V xoay chiu hoc 60 V mt chiu;
- mch PELV trong in p danh ngha khng ln hn 25 V xoay chiu hoc 60 V mt chiu
v cc b phn dn trn v/hoc cc b phn mang in c ni bng dy dn bo v n
u ni ni t chnh.
Trong tt c cc trng hp khc, khng yu cu bo v chnh nu in p danh ngha ca h
thng SELV hoc PELV khng vt qu 12 V xoay chiu hoc 30 V mt chiu.
415. Bo v b sung
CH THCH: Bo v b sung c th c quy nh vi bin php bo v trong cc iu kin
nht nh ca nh hng t bn ngoi trong cc v tr c bit nht nh (xem Phn 7 ca IEC
60364).
415.1. Bo v b sung: thit b bo v bng dng d (RCD)
415.1.1. S dng RCD c dng in d tc ng danh nh khng ln hn 30 mA, c tha
nhn trong cc h thng xoay chiu nh mt bo v b sung khi c s c ca cc trang b dng
bo v chnh v/hoc cc trang b dng bo v s c hoc ngi s dng khng cn thn.
CH THCH: Hungary. RCD c dng in tc ng danh nh khng vt qu 100 mA c th
c s dng lm bo v b sung trong cc h thng lp t in nm bn ngoi.
415.1.2. S dng thit b ny khng c tha nhn l phng php duy nht bo v v
khng loi tr s cn thit phi p dng mt trong cc bin php bo v quy nh trong iu 411
n iu 414.
415.2. Bo v b sung: lin kt ng th bo v ph
CH THCH 1: Lin kt ng th bo v ph c xem l b sung cho bo v s c.
CH THCH 2: S dng lin kt bo v ph khng loi tr s cn thit phi ngt ngun cung cp
v cc l do khc, v d bo v chng chy, ng sut nhit trong thit b, v.v
CH THCH 3: Lin kt bo v ph c th bao hm ton b h thng lp t, mt phn ca h
thng lp t, hng mc ca thit b hoc v tr.
CH THCH 4: C th cn cc yu cu b sung i vi cc v tr c bit, (xem Phn 7 tng
ng ca IEC 60364), hoc v mt s l do khc.
415.2.1. Lin kt ng th bo v ph phi bao gm tt c cc b phn dn trn tip cn
c ng thi ca thit b c nh v cc b phn dn khng thuc h thng lp t k c li
tng cng bng kim loi ca b tng ct thp. H thng lin kt ng th phi c ni vi dy
dn bo v ca tt c cc thit b k c dy dn ca cm.
415.2.2. Trong trng hp c nghi ng lin quan n hiu lc ca lin kt ng th bo v ph,
phi m bo rng in tr R gia cc b phn dn trn v b phn dn khng thuc h
thng lp t tha mn iu kin sau:
50V
R trong h thng xoay chiu
Ia

120V
R trong h thng mt chiu
Ia

trong
Ia l dng in tc ng, tnh bng A ca thit b bo v.
- i vi thit b bo v bng dng d (RCD), In
- i vi thit b qu dng, dng in tc ng 5 s.

Ph lc A
(quy nh)
Trang b dng cho bo v chnh
CH THCH: Trang b dng cho bo v chnh cung cp bo v trong cc iu kin bnh thng
v p dng khi c quy nh nh mt phn ca bin php bo v la chn.
A.1. Cch in chnh ca cc b phn mang in
CH THCH: Cch in c thit k ngn nga mi tip xc vi cc b phn mang in.
Cc b phn mang in phi c che ph hon ton bng cch in m phi ph hy khi mun
ly cch in ra.
i vi thit b, cch in phi ph hp vi tiu chun lin quan i vi thit b in.
A.2. Tm chn hoc v bc
CH THCH: Tm chn hoc v bc c thit k ngn nga mi tip xc vi b phn mang
in.
A.2.1. Cc b phn mang in phi nm bn trong v bc hoc nm sau tm chn c cp bo v
t nht l IPXXB hoc IP2X, tuy nhin, khi c cc l ln hn trong khi thay th cc b phn, nh
ui n, cm hoc cu chy, hoc khi cn c cc l ln hn cho php thit b hot ng
ng theo cc yu cu lin quan i vi thit b th:
- phi c cc bin php phng nga thch hp ngn khng cho ngi hoc vt nui chm
ngu nhin vo cc b phn mang in, v
- phi m bo rng, trong chng mc c th, con ngi nhn thy r l c th chm vo cc b
phn mang in thng qua l v khng nn c tnh chm vo , v
- l h phi nh nht qun vi yu cu i vi hot ng ng v yu cu thay cc b phn.
A.2.2. B mt nm ngang trn cng ca tm chn hoc v bc d dng tip cn c phi c
cp bo v t nht l IPXXD hoc IP4X.
A.2.3. Tm chn v v bc phi c gn chc chn vo v tr v phi c n nh v
bn duy tr cp bo v yu cu v cch ly thch hp vi cc b phn mang in cc iu
kin bit trong hot ng bnh thng, c tnh n cc nh hng t bn ngoi lin quan.
A.2.4. Khi cn tho tm chn hoc m v bc, hoc tho cc b phn ca v bc, th iu ny
ch c th thc hin:
- bng cch s dng cha kha hoc dng c, hoc
- sau khi ngt ngun ca cc b phn mang in m tm chn hoc v bc ang bo v, vic
ng li ngun ch c th thc hin c sau khi lp li hoc y li tm chn hoc v bc,
hoc
- trong trng hp c tm chn trung gian to ra cp bo v t nht l IPXXB hoc IP2X ngn
nga vic tip xc vi b phn mang in, th ch c th tho tm chn ny ra bng cch s
dng cha kha hoc dng c.
A.2.5. Pha sau tm chn hoc bn trong v bc, nu cc hng mc thit b c lp t m vn
c th gi li cc in tch nguy him sau khi ct ngun (t in, v.v) th yu cu phi c
nhn cnh bo. Cc t in c nh nh cc t in c s dng dp h quang, lm tr p
ng ca rle, v.v khng c xem l nguy him.
CH THCH: Tip xc khng ch khng c xem l nguy him nu in p sinh ra do cc
in tnh tnh in gim xung thp hn 120 V mt chiu trong thi gian nh hn 5 s sau ngt
khi ngun in.

Ph lc B
(quy nh)
Chng ngi vt v t ngoi tm vi
B.1. p dng
Cc bin php bo v bng chng ngi vt v t ngoi tm vi ch cung cp bo v chnh.
Chng c s dng trong cc h thng lp t c hoc khng c bo v s c, c khng
ch hoc gim st bi nhng ngi c k nng hoc c hng dn.
Cc iu kin gim st m trang b bo v chnh ca Ph lc B c th p dng nh mt
phn ca bin php bo v c cho trong 410.3.5.
B.2. Chng ngi vt
CH THCH: Chng ngi vt c thit k ngn nga vic tip xc khng ch vi cc b
phn mang in nhng khng ngn nga tip xc c ch bng cch c vng qua chng
ngi vt.
B.2.1. Chng ngi vt phi ngn nga c:
- thn ngi tip cn vi cc b phn mang in mt cch khng ch , hoc
- tip xc khng ch vi cc b phn mang in trong qu trnh thao tc thit b mang in
trong hot ng bnh thng.
B.2.2. Chng ngi vt c th d b m khng cn s dng cha kha hoc dng c nhng
chng phi c gn chc chn khng b ri ra mt cch ngu nhin.
B.3. t ngoi tm vi
CH THCH: Bo v bng cch t ngoi tm vi ch nhm ngn nga vic tip xc khng ch
vi cc b phn mang in.
B.3.1. Cc b phn c th tip cn ng thi m c cc in th khc nhau th khng c
trong tm vi.
CH THCH: Hai b phn c coi l c th tip cn ng thi nu chng cch nhau khng qu
2,50 m (xem Hnh B.1).
B.3.2. Nu v tr thng c ngi n b gii hn theo phng nm ngang bng mt chng
ngi vt (v d lan can, tm li) to ra cp bo v nh hn IPXXB hoc IP2X, th tm vi phi
c ko di t chng ngi vt . Theo hng ln pha trn, tm vi l 2,50 m tnh t b mt
S khng tnh n bt k chng ngi vt trung gian no c cp bo v nh hn IPXXB.
CH THCH: Gi tr ny ca tm vi p dng cho vic tip xc trc tip bng bn tay trn,
khng c tr gip no khc (v d nh dng c hoc thang).
B.3.3. nhng ni thng mang vo cc vt dn in di hoc cng knh, khong cch yu
cu trong B.3.1 v B.3.2 phi c tng ln theo kch thc tng ng ca cc vt ny.
Kch thc tnh bng mt

Hnh B.1 - Khu vc nm trong tm vi

 Ph lc C
(quy nh)
Bin php bo v ch dng khi h thng lp t c kim sot hoc c gim st bi
nhng ngi c k nng hoc c hng dn
CH THCH: iu kin gim st trong trang b bo v s c (bo v chng tip xc gin tip)
ca Ph lc C c th p dng nh mt phn ca bin php bo v cho trong 410.3.6.
C.1. V tr khng dn in
CH THCH 1: Bin php bo v ny nhm ngn nga tip xc ng thi vi cc b phn c th
c in th khc nhau do hng cch in chnh ca cc b phn mang in.
CH THCH 2: Thy in, khng cho php bo v bng v tr khng dn in.
C.1.1. Tt c cc thit b in phi ph hp vi mt trong cc bin php dng cho bo v chnh
m t trong Ph lc A.
C.1.2. Cc b phn dn trn phi c b tr sao cho, trong cc trng hp thng thng,
con ngi khng c tip xc ng thi vi
- hai b phn dn trn, hoc
- b phn dn trn v b phn dn bt k khng thuc h thng lp t.
nu cc b phn ny c nhiu kh nng c in th khc nhau do hng cch in chnh ca cc
b phn mang in.
C.1.3. Ti cc v tr khng dn in, khng c c dy bo v.
C.1.4. iu C.1.2 c p ng nu v tr c sn v tng cch in v p dng mt hoc nhiu
cc b tr di y:
a) Khong cch tng i ca cc b phn dn trn v ca cc b phn dn khng thuc h
thng lp t chnh l khong cch ca cc b phn dn trn.
Khong cch ny l nu khong cch gia hai b phn khng nh hn 2 m; khong cch ny
c php gim xung 1,25 m nu bn ngoi tm vi.
b) C chng ngi vt hiu lc t gia cc b phn dn trn v cc b phn dn khng
thuc h thng lp t.
Chng ngi vt ny l hiu lc nu chng ko di cc khong cch cn bao ph n cc gi
tr quy nh trong im a) trn. Cc chng ngi vt ny khng c ni vi t hoc vi cc
b phn dn trn, trong chng mc c th, chng phi l cc vt liu cch in.
c) C cch in hoc c b tr cch in cho cc b phn dn khng thuc h thng lp t.
Cch in phi c bn c v c kh nng chu c in p th nghim t nht l 2 000 V.
Dng in r khng c vt qu 1 mA trong cc iu kin s dng bnh thng.
C.1.5. in tr ca sn v tng cch in ti mi im o trong iu kin quy nh ca IEC
60364-6 khng c nh hn:
- 50 k, trong trng hp in p danh ngha ca h thng lp t khng vt qu 500 V, hoc
- 100 k, trong trng hp in p danh ngha ca h thng lp t vt qu 500 V.
CH THCH: Nu ti mt im bt k, in tr nh hn gi tr quy nh, th sn v cc bc tng
c coi l cc b phn dn khng thuc h thng lp t i vi mc ch bo v chng in
git.
C.1.6. Vic b tr phi vnh vin v khng th lm chng mt hiu lc. Vic b tr phi m bo
bo v c trong trng hp d kin c s dng thit b di ng hoc thit b xch tay.
CH THCH 1: Cn ch n cc nguy him trong trng hp h thng lp t in khng
c gim st mt cch hiu qu, cc b phn dn khc c th c a vo h thng vo thi
gian sau ny (v d thit b cp I loi di ng hoc xch tay hoc cc b phn dn khng thuc h
thng lp t nh h thng ng nc bng kim loi) c th dn n khng ph hp vi 413.3.5.
CH THCH 2: Cn phi m bo rng cch in ca sn v tng khng b nh hng do m.
C.1.7. Phi thc hin cc bin php phng nga m bo rng cc b phn dn khng thuc
h thng lp t khng th gy ra in th xut hin t bn ngoi n cc v tr lp t lin quan.
C.2. Bo v bng lin kt ng th cc b khng ni t
CH THCH: Lin kt ng th cc b khng ni t nhm ngn nga s xut hin in p chm
nguy him.
C.2.1. Tt c cc thit b in phi ph hp vi mt trong cc bin php dng cho bo v chnh
(bo v chng tip xc trc tip) m t trong Ph lc A.
C.2.2. Cc dy lin kt ng th phi kt ni ng thi tt c cc b phn dn trn v cc b
phn dn khng thuc h thng lp t c th tip cn ng thi.
C.2.3. H thng lin kt ng th cc b khng c tip xc v in trc tip vi t qua cc b
phn dn trn hoc qua b phn dn khng thuc h thng lp t.
CH THCH: Trong trng hp khng th tha mn yu cu ny, c th p dng vic bo v
bng cch t ng ngt ngun (xem iu 411)
C.2.4. Phi thc hin cc bin php phng nga m bo rng con ngi i vo v tr ng
th khng b t vo hiu in th nguy him, c bit, trong trng hp mt sn dn cch in
vi t li ni vo h thng lin kt ng th khng ni t.
C.3. Cch ly v in i vi ngun cung cp c nhiu hn mt hng mc thit b s dng
dng in
CH THCH: Cch ly v in ca mch in ring r c thit k nhm ngn nga dng in
gy in git do tip xc vi b phn dn trn m c th mang in do hng cch in chnh
ca mch in.
C.3.1. Tt c cc thit b in phi ph hp vi mt trong cc bin php dng cho bo v chnh
m t trong Ph lc A.
C.3.2. Bo v bng cch ly v in i vi ngun cung cp c nhiu hn mt hng mc thit b
s dng dng in phi c m bo bng s ph hp vi tt c cc yu cu ca iu 413
ngoi tr 413.1.2, v vi cc yu cu di y.
C.3.3. Phi thc hin cc bin php phng nga bo v mch in c cch ly khi hng v
hng cch in.
C.3.4. Cc b phn dn trn ca mch cch ly phi c ni vi nhau bng dy dn lin kt
ng th cch in, khng ni t. Cc dy dn ny khng c ni vi dy dn bo v hoc b
phn dn trn hoc vi b phn dn khng thuc h thng lp t.
CH THCH: Xem ch thch ca 413.3.6.
C.3.5. Tt c cc cm phi c tip im bo v m phi c ni vi h thng lin kt ng
th c cung cp ph hp vi C.3.4.
C.3.6. Ngoi tr khi cp in cho thit b c cch in kp hoc cch in tng cng, tt c cc
cp mm phi gm dy dn bo v s dng lm dy lin kt ng th ph hp vi C.3.4.
C.3.7. Phi m bo rng nu xut hin hai s c nh hng n hai b phn dn trn v
cc s c ny xut pht t cc dy dn c cc tnh khc nhau th thit b bo v phi ngt ngun
cung cp trong thi gian ngt ph hp vi Bng 41.1.
C.3.8. Khuyn co rng tch gia in p danh ngha ca mch in, tnh bng vn, v chiu di,
tnh bng mt, ca h thng i dy khng nn vt qu 100 000 V/m, v chiu di ca h thng
i dy khng nn vt qu 500 m.

Ph lc D
(tham kho)
So snh v kt cu ca TCVN 7447-4-41:2004 (IEC 60364-4-41:2001)
v TCVN 7447-4-41:2010 (IEC 60364-41:2005)
TCVN 7447-4-41:2004 (IEC 60364-4-41:2001) TCVN 7447-4-41:2010 (IEC 60364-4-41:2005)
Tiu Tiu
H thng lp t in ca cc ta nh - Phn H thng lp t in h p - Phn 4-41: Bo
4-41: Bo v an ton - Bo v chng in git v an ton - Bo v chng in git
410 Gii thiu 410 Gii thiu
410.1 Phm vi p dng 410.1 Phm vi p dng
410.2 Ti liu vin dn 410.2 Ti liu vin dn
410.3 p dng cc bin php bo v chng 410.3 Yu cu chung
in git
410.3.1 Quy nh chung
410.3.2 p dng cc bin php bo v chng
tip xc trc tip
410.3.3 p dng cc bin php bo v chng
tip xc gin tip
410.3.4 p dng cc bin php bo v lin quan
n cc nh hng t bn ngoi
411 Bo v chng c tip xc trc tip v 414 Bin php bo v: in p cc thp cung
tip xc gin tip cp bi SELV v PELV
411.1 SELV v PELV
411.1.1 414.1 Quy nh chung
411.1.2 Ngun dng cho SELV v PELV 414.3 Ngun dng cho SELV v PELV
411.1.3 B tr mch in 414.4 Yu cu i vi mch SELV v PELV
411.1.4 Yu cu i vi mch in khng ni
t (SELV)
411.1.5 Yu cu i vi mch in ni t
(PELV)
411.2 Bo v bng cch hn ch nng lng Khng cp
(khng c yu cu)
411.3 H thng FELV 411.7 in p cc thp chc nng (FELV)
411.3.1 Quy nh chung 411.7.1 Quy nh chung
411.3.2 Bo v chng tip xc trc tip 411.7.2 Yu cu i vi bo v chnh
411.3.3 Bo v chng tip xc gin tip 411.7.3 Yu cu i vi bo v s c
411.3.4 Phch cm v cm 411.7.5 Phch cm v cm
412 Bo v chng tip xc trc tip
412.1 Cch in ca cc b phn mang in Ph lc A, iu A.1 Cch in chnh ca cc
412.2 Tm chn hoc v bc
412.3 Chng ngi vt
412.4 t ngoi tm vi
412.5 Bo v b sung bng thit b bo v
bng dng d
413 Bo v chng tip xc gin tip
413.1 T ng ngt ngun
413.1.1 Quy nh chung
413.1.1.1 Ngt ngun cung cp
413.1.1.2 Ni t
413.1.2 Lin kt ng th
413.1.2.1 Lin kt ng th chnh
413.1.2.2 Lin kt ng th ph
413.1.3 H thng TN
413.1.4 H thng TT
413.1.5 H thng IT
413.1.6 Lin kt ng th ph
413.1.7 Yu cu lin quan n cc iu kin ca ph
nh hng t bn ngoi
413.2 Thit b cp II hoc cch in tng
ng
413.3 V tr khng dn in
413.4 Bo v bng lin kt ng th cc b
khng ni t
413.5 Cch ly v in
b phn mang in
Ph lc A, iu A.2 Tm chn hoc v bc
Ph lc B, iu B.2 Chng ngi vt
Ph lc B, iu B.3 ng ngoi tm vi
415.1 Bo v b sung: thit b bo v bng
dng d (RCD)
411 Bin php bo v: t ng ngt ngun
411.3.2 T ng ngt ngun trong trng hp
s c
411.3.1.1 Ni t bo v
411.3.1 Ni t bo v chnh v lin kt ng
th chnh
411.3.1.2 Lin kt ng th bo v
411.3.2.6 Lin kt ng th ph
411.4 H thng TN
411.5 H thng TT
411.6 H thng IT
415.2 Bo v b sung: lin kt ng th bo v
Khng yu cu
412 Bin php bo v: cch in kp hoc
cch in tng cng
Ph lc C, iu C.1 V tr khng dn in
Ph lc C, iu C.2 Bo v bng lin kt
ng th cc b khng ni t
413 Bin php bo v: cch ly v in
Ph lc C, iu C.3 Cch ly v in i vi
ngun cung cp c nhiu hn mt hng mc
thit b s dng dng in

TH MC TI LIU THAM KHO

IEC 60146-2, Semiconductor converters - Part 2: Self-commutated semiconductor converters
including direct d.c. converters (B chuyn i bn dn - Phn 2: B chuyn i bn dn)
TCVN 7447-4-43 (IEC 60364-4-43), H thng lp t in h p - Phn 4-43: Bo v an ton -
Bo v chng qu dng
TCVN 7447-5-53:2005 (IEC 60364-5-53:2001), H thng lp t in ca cc ta nh - Phn 5-
53: La chn v lp t thit b in - Cch ly, ng ct v iu khin
IEC 60364-7 (tt c cc phn), Electrical installations of buildings - Part 7 : Requirements for
special installations or locations (H thng lp t in h p - Phn 7: Yu cu i vi h thng
c bit hoc khu vc c bit)
IEC 60417-DB-12M(2002-10), Graphical symbols for use on equipment - 12-month subscription
to online database comprising all graphical symbols published in IEC 60417 (K hiu bng hnh
v s dng trn thit b - C s d liu thu bao 12 thng n trc tuyn gm tt c cc k hiu
bng hnh v c xut bn trong IEC 60417)
TCVN 4255 (IEC 60529), Cp bo v bng v ngoi (m IP)
IEC 60664 (tt c cc phn), Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systems
(Phi hp cch in dng cho thit b trong h thng in h p)
TCVN 6950-1 (IEC 61008-1), ptmt tc ng bng dng d khng c bo v qu dng dng
trong gia nh v cc mc ch tng t (RCCB) - Phn 1: Quy nh chung
TCVN 6951-1 (IEC 61009-1), ptmt tc ng bng dng d c bo v qu dng dng trong
gia nh v cc mc ch tng t (RCBO) - Phn 1: Quy nh chung
IEC 61201:1992, Extra-low voltage (ELV) - Limit values (in p cc thp - Gi tr gii hn)
IEC 61557-8, Electrical safety in low voltage distribution systems up to 1 000 V a.c. and 1 500 V
d.c. - Equipment for testing, measuring or monitoring of protective measures - Part 8: Insulation
monitoring devices for IT systems (An ton in trong h thng phn phi in h p n 1 000 V
xoay chiu v 1 500 V mt chiu - Thit b dng th nghim, o hoc gim st cc bin php bo
v - Thit b gim st cch in dng trong h thng IT)
IEC 61557-9, Electrical safety in low voltage distribution systems up to 1 000 V a.c. and 1 500 V
d.c. - Equipment for testing, measuring or monitoring of protective measures - Part 9: Equipment
for insulation fault location in IT systems (An ton in trong h thng phn phi in h p n 1
000 V xoay chiu v 1 500 V mt chiu - Thit b dng th nghim, o hoc gim st cc bin
php bo v - Phn 9: Thit b dng cho v tr s c cch in trong h thng IT)
IEC 62020, Electrical accessories - Residual current monitors for household and similar uses
(RCMs) - Ph kin in - Thit b gim st dng d (RCM) dng cho gia nh v cc mc ch
tng t.

MC LC
Li ni u
Li gii thiu
410.1 Phm vi p dng
410.2 Ti liu vin dn
410.3 Yu cu chung
411 Bin php bo v: t ng ngt ngun cung cp
412 Bin php bo v: cch in kp hoc cch in tng cng
413 Bin php bo v: cch ly v in
414 Bin php bo v: in p cc thp c cung cp bi SELV v PELV
415 Bo v b sung
Ph lc A (quy nh) - Trang b dng cho bo v chnh
Ph lc B (quy nh) - Chng ngi vt v t ngoi tm vi
Ph lc C (quy nh) - Bin php bo v ch dng khi h thng lp t c kim sot hoc c
gim st bi nhng ngi c k nng hoc c hng dn
Ph lc D (tham kho) - So snh kt cu ca TCVN 7447-4-41:2004 (IEC 60364-4-41:2001) v
TCVN 7447-4-41:2010 (IEC 60364-4-41:2005)
Th mc ti liu tham kho