INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES

MAKLUMAT KEPADA CALON

1. This question paper consists of two sections: Section A and Section B.
Kertas soalan ini mengandungi dua bahagian: Bahagian A dan Bahagian B.

2. Answer all questions in Section A. Write your answers for Section A clearly in spaces provided in the
question paper.
Jawab semua soalan dalam Bahagian A. Jawapan anda bagi Bahagian A hendaklah ditulis pada ruang
yang disediakan dalam kertas soalan ini.

3. Answer any two question from Section B. Write your answers for Section B on the helaian tambahan
provided by the invigilators. You may use equations, diagrams, tables, graphs and other suitable methods
to explain your answer.
Jawab mana-mana dua soalan daripada Bahagian B. Jawapan anda bagi Bahagian B hendaklah ditulis
dalam helaian tambahan yang dibekalkan oleh pengawas peperiksaan. Anda boleh menggunakan
persamaan, rajah, jadual, graf, dan cara lain yang sesuai untuk menjelaskan jawapan anda.

4. The diagrams in the questions are not drawn to scale unless stated. Rajah yang mengiringi soalan tidak
dilukis mengikut skala kecuali dinyatakan.

5. The marks allocated for each question or sub-part of a question are shown in brackets.
Markah yang diperuntukan bagi setiap soalan atau ceraian soalan ditunjukkan dalam kurungan.

6. If you wish to change your answer, cross out the answer that you have done. Then write down the new
answer. Jika anda hendak menukar jawapan, batalkan jawapan yang telah dibuat. Kemudian tulis
jawapan yang baru.

7. You may use a non-programmable scientific calculator.

Anda dibenarkan menggunakan kalkulator saintifik yang tidak boleh diprogram.

8. You are advised to spend 90 minute to answer question in Section A and 60 minutes for Section B.
Anda dinasihati supaya mengambil masa 90 minit untuk menjawab soalan dalam Bahagian A dan 60
minit untuk Bahagian B.

9. Detach Section B from this question paper. Tie the helaian tambahan together with this question paper
and hand in to the invigilator at the end of the examination.
Ceraikan Bahagian B daripada kertas soalan ini. Ikat helaian tambahan bersama-sama kerts soalan ini
dan serahkan kepada pengawas peperiksaan pada akhir peperiksaan.

1
 Section A
Bahagian A
[60 marks]

Answer all questions in this section.

Jawab semua soalan dalam bahagian ini.

1. Diagram 1(a) shows the movement of substance P and substance Q across the plasma membrane.
The movement of substance Q needs energy .
Rajah 1(a) menunjukkan pergerakan bahan P dan bahan Q merentasi membran plasma.
Pergerakan bahan Q memerlukan tenaga.
Substance P Substance Q
Bahan P Bahan Q
Molecule P Molecule Q

Diagram 1(a) / Rajah 1(a)

(a) Name structure X.

Namakan struktur X.

( 1 mark / 1 markah )

2
(b) Name the process of the movement of substance P and substance Q across the

plasma membrane as shown in Diagram 1(a).

Namakan proses pergerakan bahan P dan bahan Q merentasi membran plasma

seperti yang ditunjukkan pada Rajah 1(a).

P : .

Q : .
(2 marks/2 markah )

(c) (i) Name one example of substance Q.

Namakan satu contoh bahan Q.

..
(1 mark /1 markah )

(ii) Explain how substance Q move across structure X.

Terangkan bagaimana bahan Q bergerak merentasi struktur X.

.
(3 marks/3 markah )

3
(d) Diagram 1(b) shows the effect of solution X on human blood cells. 50 ml of

solution X was added into 10 ml of human blood and left for 45 minutes.

Rajah 1(b) menunjukkan kesan larutan X ke atas sel darah manusia.50 ml larutan

X ditambah ke dalam 10 ml darah manusia dan dibiarkan selama 45 minit.

After 45 minutes
without stirring
50ml
50 mlsolution
solutionX X
Selepas 45 minit
50 ml larutan X tanpa dikacau Clear solution
Larutan jernih

10 10
mlml
blood
blood red sediment
10 ml darah
mendapan merah

Diagram 1(b) / Rajah 1(b)

Diagram 1(c) shows the effect of solution Y on human blood cells. 50 ml of

solution Y was added into 10 ml of human blood and left for 45 minutes.

Rajah 1(c) menunjukkan kesan larutan X ke atas sel darah manusia 50 ml larutan

Y ditambah ke dalam 10 ml darah manusia dan dibiarkan selama 45 minit.

After 45 minutes

without stirring
After 45 minutes
Selepas 45 minit
tanpa dikacau
without stir it.
5050ml
ml solution
solution Y Y

50 ml larutan Y
Red solution

Larutan merah

10 ml blood

Diagram 1(c) / Rajah 1(c)

4
(i) Based on Diagram 1(b) and Diagram 1(c) , tick () in Table 1 to identify
solution X and Y

Berdasarkan Rajah 1(b) dan Rajah 1(c) , tandakan () dalam Jadual 1

untuk mengenalpasti larutan X dan Y.

Name of the solution Distilled Water 10% Salt solution

Nama larutan Air Suling Larutan garam 10%

Solution X / Larutan X

Solution Y / Larutan Y

Table 1 / Jadual 1

(1 mark /1 markah )

(ii) Explain the condition of the human blood cell in solution Y after 45 minutes.

Terangkan keadaan sel darah manusia dalam larutan Y selepas 45 minit.

...

...

...

...
(4 marks/4 markah )

5
2 Diagram 2.1 shows the human respiratory system.

Rajah 2.1 menunjukkan sistem respirasi manusia.

Diagram 2.1 /rajah 2.1

(a) Name the parts labelled P and Q.
Namakan bahagian yang berlabel P dan Q.

P ;

Q ;

(2 marks / 2 markah]

(b) Explain two adaptations of the alveolus to increase the effectiveness in respiratory gaseous exhange.

Terangkan dua penyesuaian alveolus untuk meningkatkan kecekapannya dalam pertukaran gas

respirasi.

.........

.........

.........

........

........

......
(2 marks/2 markah )

6
(c) Diagram 2.2 shows the structures involved in the regulation of the carbon dioxide Concentration in the
body fluid.
Rajah 2.2 menunjukkan struktur yang terlibat dalam pengawalaturan kepekatan Karbon Dioksida dalam
bendalir badan.

Diagram 2.2/ Rajah 2.2

(i) Name the structures R and S. Describe the function of the structures.
Namakan struktur R dan S. Huraikan fungsi tersebut.

.....

.....

.....

.....

.....
(4 marks/ 4 markah )

7
(ii) During vigorous exersice, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the muscle tissue Increases.

Based on diagram 2.2, describe the regulation of carbon dioxide.

Semasa aktiviti cergas, kepekatan karbon dioksida dalam tisu otot meningkat, Berdasarkan

rajah 2.2, huraikan pengawalaturan gas karbon dioksida.

.
..

.........

.......

...........

.......
(4 marks /4 markah )

8
3 (a) Diagram 3.1 shows organelle in a living cell.

Dalam rajah 3.1 menunjukkan organel yang terdapat di dalam sel hidup.

Diagram 3.1/ Rajah 3.1

In diagram 3.1, label P and Q.

Dalam rajah 3.1, labelkan P dan Q.

P:..............................................................................................................................

Q:.............................................................................................................................
(2 marks /2 markah )

(b) In a table 3 below to compared between light reaction and dark reaction in photosynthesis.

Didalam jadual 3 dibawah bandingkan antara tindak balas gelap dan tindak balas terang
dalam fotosintesis.

Light Reaction( Tindak balas Terang) Dark Reaction (Tindak balas gelap)

Table 3/ jadual 3 (4 marks /4 markah )

9
(c) In a dark reaction of photosynthesis it will involved the ATP molecules. Explain the effect of
enzyme ATPase inhibitor on dark reaction.

Didalam tindak balas gelap ianya melibatkan molekul ATP.Terangkan kesan enzim ATPase
didalam tindak balas gelap.

..

(2 marks /2 markah )

(d) The graph in Diagram 3.2 shows the effect of light intensity on photosynthesis.?
Graf dalam rajah 3.2 menunjukkan kesan keamatan cahaya keatas kadar fotosintesis.

(i) Explain why the rate of photosynthesis increases in section I in the graph
Terangkan mengapa kadar fotosintesis bertambah dalam bahagian I pada graf.

.
.
.
.
(2 marks /2 markah )
(ii) Explain why the rate of photosynthesis is constant in section II in the graph.
Terangkan mengapa kadar fotosintesis menjadi malar dalam bahagian II dalam graf.

..
..
..
..
(2 marks /2 markah )

10
4 Diagram 4.1 shows the human digestive system.
Rajah 4.1 menunjukkan sistem pencernaan manusia.

Diagram 4.1/rajah 4.1

(a) Name the organ labelled Q.
Namakan organ yang berlabel Q.

(1 mark/1 markah)

(b) (i) Name the liquid which is stored in the part labelled R.
Namakan cecair yang disimpan dalam bahagian yang berlabel R.

(1 mark/1 markah)

(ii) What is the colour of the liquid which is named in 4(b)(i)?

Apakah warna cecair yang dinamakan di 4(b)(i)?

(1 mark/1 markah)

11
 (i) State two functions of the liquid in 4(b)(i).
Nyatakan dua fungsi cecair yang dinamakan di 4(b)(i).

(2 marks/2 markah)

(c) In which labelled does the digestion of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids occur?
Dalam bahagian berlabel yang manakah pencenaan karbohidrat, protein dan lipid berlaku?
Substance Digestion occurs in
Bahan Pencernaan berlaku di

Carbohydrates
Karbohidrat

Proteins
Protein

Lipids
Lipid

(3 marks/3 markah)

12
(d) Regulation of the blood glucose level is carried out as shown in Diagram 4.2.
Pengawalaturan aras glukosa darah dilakukan seperti yang ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 4.2.

Diagram 4.2/rajah 4.2

(i) What are hormone X and hormone Y?
Apakah hormon X dan hormon Y?

X :

Y :
(2 marks/2 markah)

(ii) Which labelled organ in Diagram 4.1 secretes hormone X and hormone Y?
Antara organ berlabel dalam Rajah 4.1, yang manakah merembeskan hormon X dan hormon Y?

(1 mark/1 markah)

13
5 Diagram 5 shows some organisms.
Rajah 5 menunjukkan beberapa organisma.

Diagram 5.1/rajah 5.1

(a) State the interactions between the following organisms.
Nyatakan interaksi antara organisma-organisma berikut.
Organisms Interaction
Organisma Interaksi
P and Q
P dan Q
Q and S
Q dan S
S and T
S dan T
P and T
P dan T
(4 marks/4 markah)

14
(b) Build a food web which involve P, Q, R, S and T.
Bina satu siratan makanan yang melibatkan P, Q, R, S dan T.

(c) What types of nutrition are practiced by U and V?

Apakah jenis nutrisi uang diamalkan oleh U dan V?

U;

V :
(2 marks/2 markah)

15
(d)

Small bird Grasshopper Eagle Grass

Burung Kecil Belalang Helang Rumput

By using the organisms which are given in the above list, form a pyramid of numbers.
Dengan menggunakan organisma yang diberikan dalam senarai di atas, bentukkan satu pyramid
nombor.

(2 marks/2 markah)

16
 Section B
Bahagian B
Answer any two questions in this section.
Jawab mana-mana dua soalan dalam bahagian ini.

6 Diagram 6.1 shows the positions of the sinoatrial (SA) node, atrioventricular (AV) node and Purkinje fibres
in the walls of the heart.
Rajah 6.1 menunjukkan kedudukan nodus sinoatrial (SA), nodus atrioventricular (AV) dan serat Purkinje
pada dinding jantung.

Diagram 6.1/rajah 6.1

(a) Explain the functions of these specialized muscle fibres in the pumping of the heart. Your explanation
should be based on the following aspects:
Terangkan fungsi serat otot khas tersebut dalam mengepam jantung. Penerangan anda harus
berdasarkan aspek-aspek berikut:
Functions of the SA node, AV node and Purkinje fibres.
Fungsi nodus SA, nodus AV dan serat Purkinje
Pressure in the atrium and ventricle
Tekanan di atrium dan ventrikel
Opening and closing of the valves of the heart
Buka dan tutup injap-inja pjantung.

(10 marks/10 markah)

17
(b)
Droplets of lipids or flat globules are not absorbed directly into the blood capillaries in the villi but
are absorbed through lacteals. From the lymphatic system, lipids will return to the blood circulatory
system.
Titisan lipid atau globul lemak tidak diserap secara terus kedalam kapilari darah di dalam vilus
tetapi disera pmelalui lakteal. Dari sistem limfa, lipid akan dikembalikan kedalam sistem peredaran
darah.

Based on the above statements, explain how lipids from the villi are transported to the tissues through
the lymphatic and blood circulatory systems.
Berdasarkan pernyataan di atas, terangkan bagaimana lipid dari vilus diangkut ketisu melalui sistem
limfa dan sistem peredaran darah.
(6 marks/6 markah)
(c) Diagram 6.2 shows the mechanism of destruction of a bacterium.
Rajah 6.2 menunjukkan mekanisme pemusnahan bakteria.

Diagram 6.2/rajah 6.2

Based on Diagram 6.2, explain how the binding of antibodies to the bacterium will trigger the
mechanism to destroy the antigen.
Berdasarkan Rajah 6.2, terangkan pelekatan antibodi pada bakteria akan mencetuskan mechanism
pemusnahan antigen.
(4 marks/4 markah)

18
7 (a) Diagram 7.1 below shows role of auxin in the response on tip of shoot and tip of root in plant.
Rajah 7.1 di bawah menunjukkan peranan hormone Auksin dalam gerakbalas pertumbuhan di
hujung pucuk dan di hujung akar tumbuhan.

Diagram 7.1 / Rajah 7.1

Based on diagram, explain the effects of auxin on the growth response in shoots.
Berdasarkan rajah, terangkan kesan Auksin keatas pertumbuhan pada pucuk.
[6 marks/ markah]

(b)
Diabetis Mellitus and DiabetisInsipidus are two disease controlled by the endocrine system.

Diabetis mellitus dan diabetis insipidus merupakan dua penyakit

yang dikawal oleh system endokrin.

Based on the above statement, discuss the hormonal imbalance which causes diabetes mellitus and
diabetes insipidus.
Berdasarkan pernyataan di atas, bincangkan ketidakstabilan hormon yang mengakibatkan diabetis
mellitus dan diabetis insipidus.
[6 marks/ markah]

19
(c) Diagram 7.2 shows the growth curve of a grasshopper while diagram 7.3 shows the growth curve of
human.
Rajah 7.2 menunjukkan lengkung pertumbuhan seekor belalang manakala rajah 7.3 menunjukkan
lengkung pertumbuhan manusia.

Diagram 7.2 / Rajah 7.2

Diagram 7.3 / Rajah 7.3

Based on diagram 7.2 and 7.3, compare between the growth curve of a grasshopper and the growth
curve of a human.
Berdasarkan rajah 7.2 dan 7.3, bandingkan lengkung pertumbuhan belalang dengan lengkung
pertumbuhan manusia
[8 marks/ markah]

20
8 (a) A housewife uses detergent soap to remove the oil stain from her shirt.
Seorang surirumah menggunakan sabun detergen untuk menanggalkan kesan berminyak pada
bajunya.

Diagram 8.1 / Rajah 8.1

Explain how the housewife can increase the effectiveness of the washing detergents.
Terangkan bagaimana surirumah tersebut boleh meningkatkan keberkesanan sabun detergen
tersebut.
[10 marks/ markah]

(b) The following diagram 8.2 shows a food pyramid.

Rajah 8.2 di bawah menunjukkan pyramid makanan.

Fiber / Serat

Protein / Protin

Fat / Lemak

Carbohydrate / Karbohidrat

Diagram 8.2 / Rajah 8.2

Based on the food pyramid provided, explain the impact of imbalance diet.
Berdasarkan piramid makanan yang diberi, terangkan kesan gizi tidak seimbang.
[10 marks/ 10 markah]

21
9 (a) The following information is about the mangrove trees.
Maklumat berikut adalah mengenai pokok bakau.

Mangrove trees are found along muddy coastal areas which are sheltered from strong
wind, strong waves and water currents.

Pokok bakau didapati di kawasan pantai berlumpur yang dilindungi daripada angin
yang kuat, gelombang dan arus yang kuat.

Explain how the mangrove tree able to survive in the harsh condition.
Terangkan bagaimana pokok bakau boleh hidup dalam keadaan habitatnya.
[10 marks/ markah]

(b) Diagram 9.1 shows the event that lead to greenhouse effect.
Rajah 9.1 menunjukkan fenomena kesan rumah hijau.

Diagram 9.1/rajah 9.1

Suggest ways to reduce the impact on the environment
Cadangkan cara untuk mengurangkan impak di atas terhadap alam sekitar.
[10 marks/ markah]

END QUESTION PAPER

KERTAS SOALAN TAMAT

22
23