db yD 3)B 4) 201 Nim? 5) 0.0452 Nm 6) —6,495N 1) 1250N 8) 2nrdrdz = 14 (tu) 9) 0= rar dr) + pe, 10)(a) at r= Rv, =0 a, b) at r= R+ 5, = a "dr Quiz #5 1) 0.3875 2) 24em 3) 2,430 W 4) b. Only A is true 5) 686.7 m’/s? 6) = 0.0056 7) 1.123x104N 8) 1.36310 Tin 9) 8.34x10° B20Appendix C Previous Exams (Fall 2009) CHE31101 MOMENTUM TRANSFER Fall 2009 QUIZ #1 Note: Your answers must be correct to 3 significant figures and have the appropriate units. 1. _ Consider a soap-film bubble of diameter d = 0.5 mm in air. If the surface tension of the soap film is 0.082 Nim, the gage pressure of ait inside the bubble is, IL, Water flows steadily through a 2-in.-inside diameter pipe at the rate of 70 gal/min. The 2- in, pipe branches into two 1.5-in.- inside diameter pipes. Water viscosity is 1.22x10° f7/s, (1 f° 48 gal) If the average velocity in one of the 1.5-in. pipes is 10 fi/s, the average velocity in the other 1.5-in. pipe is IIL. The density of nitrogen contained in a tank is 2.8 kg/m? when the temperature is 27 °C. Determine the gage pressure of the gas if the atmospheric pressure is 97 kPa, Universal gas constant is 8.314 m’-kPa/kmol-K. IV For an isentropic process with ideal gas we have Boor, 2 ?a v.c, = ara YV. Estimate the increase in pressure (in psi) required decreasing a unit volume of mercury by 0.2%, The bulk modulus of mercury is Ey = 4.14x10° psi. Vi A.1eP=1 gloms B. 1 stoke = 1 cm’/s a. AandBaretueA, b,OnlyAistue .OnlyBistrue — d. Aand Bare false VIL. Two glass microscope slides are separated by a spacer in such a way that the slides are parallel to each other, with a separation of $00 um. This glass “sandwich” is placed in a a vertical orientation, with one open end slightly below the surface of a reservoir of silicone oil. Take o = 0.038 N/m and p = 900 kg/m’, Assume that silicone oil has a contact angle of 30° on glass. 7) If we approximate the meniscus as a part of a cylindrical surface, the radius of curvature of the meniscus is 8) If the radius of curvature of the meniscus is 300 jum, the gage pressure at the meniscus in the oil phase is c2VIII. Consider the manometer below (Note: specific gravity of mercury is 13.6) Mercury 9) If the pressure at A is 20 kPa, the pressure at B is 10) If the mercury level in the right leg drops by @ = 10 mm, the new differential reading along, the inclined leg of the manometer is C3(CHE31101 MOMENTUM TRANSFER: Fall 2009 QUIZ #2 Note: Your answers must be correct to 3 significant figures and have the appropriate units. 1. Consider the piping system shown . 2 1) Determine Pa — 1 2) If P — P; = 2000 Pa, determine V7 nL. 3) The pump shown produces a steady flow of 10 gal/s through the nozzle, Determine the nozzle exit diameter, Dz, if the exit velocity is to be V2 = 100 fs. 1 ft = 7.48 gal Do= C4IIL. (4) The basic elements of a hydraulic press are shown, The plunger has an area of 1 in., and a force, Fi, can be applied to the plunger through a lever mechanism having a mechanical advantage of 8 to 1. If the large piston has an area of 150 in.”, what load, F2, can be raised by a force of 30 Iby applied to the lever? Neglect the hydrostatic pressure variation. Plunger Hydraulic fluid IV ) A U-tube manometer is connected to a closed 7F Closed valve tank containing air and water as shown, At the closed | “Air pressure P,, end of the manometer the air pressure is 24 psia, Determine the reading on the pressure gage 2 ft below the water suface for a differential reading of 4 ft on | the manometer. Express your answer in psi (gage). Assume standard atmospheric (14.7 psia) pressure and neglect the weight of the air columns in the manometer. Gage fluid yy = 90 Iby/ft?, fe <4)" Pressure gage Vv. A) A Pitot tube works on the principle of converting kinetic energy into potential energy. B) A fluid flows through an orifice plate to the location of the vena contracta, its pressure will rise, because it is going faster there. a.Aand Bare true b.OnlyAistrue c.OnlyBistrue —d, A and Bare false VIL (7) When a hydrometer floats in water, its cylindrical Hydrometer stem is submerged so that a certain point X on the stem is C5 z Water Liouid 1.level with the free surface of water, as shown, When the hydrometer is placed in another liquid L of specific gravity s, the stem rises so that point X’is now 0.7 em above the free surface L. Determine the specific gravity s, Ifneeded, the cross-sectional area of the stem is 0.1 cm’, and when in water a total volume of 1 cm’ (stem plus bulb) is submerged. Specific gravity = VIL, (8) A spherical hot-air balloon of diameter 15 m and deflated mass 400 kg is released in still air at 10°C. The gas inside the balloon is effectively air at 130°C. The density of air (ke/m") is 1.24 at 10°C and 0.872 at 130°C. Acceleration of gravity is 9.81 m/s". The buoyaney force on the balloon is VIII. Consider the manometer below (Note: specific gravity of mercury is 13.6) 9) If the pressure at B is 20 kPa, the pressure at A is 10) Determine a if the new differential reading along the inclined leg of the manometer is 100 mm (CHE31101 MOMENTUM TRANSFER Fall 2009) QUIZ #3 L An airplane moves forward with a steady airspeed of 500 km/hr. The wings of this plane deflect the air flow around each wing downward by an angle of 10°. Estimate the mass flowrate of the deflected air required over the wing surfaces if the mass of the plane and its contents is C64000 kg. Assume that air leaves the wing at the same speed it enters with and consider momentum change effect only. 1) Flow rate of the deflected air (kg/s) is IL A circular plate having a diameter of 300 mm is held perpendicular to an axisymmetric horizontal jet of air having a so yd [Pte velocity of 40 m/s and a diameter of 80 mm as shown. A hole at the center of the plate results in a discharge jet of air having a g volocty of 40 m/s and a diameter of 20 mm. Determine the samy 90 horizontal component of force required to hold the plate { stationary. Air density is 1.2 kg/m’. Eg som A 5}) 200m ' IIL Fora body partially submerged in a fluid and at equilibrium, which of the following is a true statement? A. The density of the body is greater than the density the of fluid B. The weight of the body is equal to the weight of the volume of fluid displaced C. The weight of the body is greater than the weight of the volume of fluid displaced D. The specific gravity of the body is greater than the specific gravity of the fluid E. None of the above 1V. A horizontal, circular cross-sectional jet of air having a diameter of 6 in, strikes a conical deflecior as shown. The magnitude of the velocity of the air remains constant. Angle 60°, ic = 0.00238 slug/ft’. Consider a control volume that includes the air jet and the cone and the positive direction pointing to the right. C74) Determine the rate of momentum entering and leaving the control volume in the x direction if the air velocity is 100 fs. 5) Determine the rate of momentum entering and leaving the control volume in the y direction if the air velocity is 100 fl's. © Determine the air velocity so that a horizontal anchoring force of 5 lbp is required to hold the cone in place. V. A large rocket engine ejects 100 kg/s of exhaust gases at a velocity of 3000 m/s. The pressure of the exhaust gas is equal to the atmospheric pressure. What thrust in N does the engine produce? VI. Exhaust with specific weight 0.00238 slug/ft? wi leaves the 4 ft diameter chimney shown with speed of 6<"—~" fs. Because of the wind, after a few diameters downstream the exhaust flows in a horizontal direction with the speed of the wind, 15 f¥s. Determine the horizontal component of the force that the blowing, ‘wind puts on the exhaust gases. C8VIL The hydroelectric turbine shown in passes 15,000 fi'/s across. a head of 600 ft. What is the maximum amount of power output in hap possible? 1 hp = 550 ft-lbe/s, tating Vi. ‘Water enters one end of a perforated pipe 0.2 m in diameter with a velocity of 15 m/s. The length of the pipe, L, is I m. 2 10) If the discharge through the pipe wall is approximated by a velocity profile V = 1.5| (2) ny/s, the volume flow rate in m°/s leaving the pipe through the right exit is coCHES1101 MOMENTUM TRANSFER Fall ‘2009 QUIZ #4 L A. A friction factor is a dimensionless wall shear stress. B, Rotational speed NV is related to the angular velocity of rotation by the equation N= 2nco. a.AandBarete b.OnlyAistme ¢.OnlyBistrue — d, A and Bare false IL. A nozzle is bolted onto a pipe by the flanged joint shown in Figure 1. The flowing fluid is water. The cross-sectional area perpendicular to the flow at point I is 12 in? and at point 2 is 6 in’, At point 2 the flow is open to the atmosphere!, The pressure at point | is 36 psig. Pipe T Nozzle 1 Figure 1. Nozzle, bolted to pipe. 2. Neglecting friction loss, determine the velocity of water leaving the nozzle 3. If velocity of water leaving the nozzle is 70 f¥/s, determine the force tending to tear the nozzle off the pipe. " Noel de Nevers, Eluid Mechanics for Chemical Engineering, MeGraw Hill, 3" Edition, 2005. c-10IIL. The drag on a small, completely submerged solid body having a characteristic length of 2.1 ‘mm and moving with a velocity of 10 m/s through water is to be determined with the aid of a model, The length scale is to be 60, which indicates that the model is to be larger than the prototype. A wind tunnel is used for this study. Data: vie = 1.46x10% m/s, Vater = 1.12x10% mis, 4) Determine the required air velocity in the wind tunnel. IV. Water flows by gravity from one lake to another as _ sketched at the steady rate of 0.2 ft'/s. ‘ 5) Determine the loss in available energy in 1 hour ce associated with this flow in ft-lbs (Note: lbp = slug-fi/s? = S 32.2 lyf?) os 6) If this same amount of loss is associated with pumping the fluid from the lower lake to the higher one at the same flowrate, estimate the amount of pumping power required in ft-lbe/s V. _ A fluid of viscosity 0.02 kg/mss flows steadily through a 0.10 m diameter pipe with velocity profile given by v,(m/s) = 2.0[1 ~ (r/R)"]. The pipe is 25 m long. 7) The shear stress at the inside surface of the pipe isVI. Water is to be pumped from the large tank shown with an exit velocity of 5.5 mvs. It was is 2 determined that the original pump (pump 1) that 542) EEC 0.02. supplies | kW of power to the water did not =] Pume fees! Pump produce the desired velocity. Hence, itis proposed L#2_| a that an additional pump (pump 2) be installed as 19 indicated to increase the flowrate to the desired value. Nozzle area = 0.01 m? m 8) The head loss for this flow is , = 250”, where /n, is in m when Q is in m’/s. Determine fn, 9) If the head loss for this flow is 1.00 m, determine the total pump head for both pumps, 10) If the total pump head for this flow is 5.00 m, determine the power of the second pump.CHE31101 MOMENTUM TRANSFER Fall ‘2009 QUIZ #5 I. Itis necessary to transfer water from the upper to the lower tank shown in Fig. P11.47. The flow rate is Q = 0.12 m/s, and inside diameter of the horizontal pipe is also 0.15 m? Assume that the water levels in both reservoirs are maintained constant, The distance from the wafer level in the upper tank to the horizontal pipe is also 35 m. 1) The frictional dissipation er for the piping system is Figure PLAT 2) If er = 900 m’/s’ and neglecting minor losses, the Fanning friction factor fis IL, SAE oil (kinematic viscosity = 4.5x10° f’/s) is pumped through a 3-ft diameter pipeline at rate of 14.3 ft'/s. A model of this pipeline is to be designed using a 3-in-diameter pipe and water (kinematic viscosity = 1.21%10° #7/s) as the working fluid, 3) To maintain Reynolds number similarity between these two systems, the fluid velocity required in the model is C13IIL. Flow characteristics for a 30-ft-diameter prototype parachute are to be determined by tests of a L-ft-diameter model parachute in a water tunnel, A drag of 20 Ibs is required when the water (density = 1.94 slugs/ft?) velocity is 4 fi/s, Assume the drag force Fy to be function of the velocity, V, the fluid density, p, and the parachute diameter, D, determine the important dimensionless group for dynamic similarity. Determine the drag on the prototype parachute falling through air (density = 2.38%10° slugs/ft*) at 10 f/s. IY. Water (density = 999 kg/m’) flows at a rate of 0.040 m*/s in a 0.12-m-diameter pipe that contains a sudden contraction to a 0.06-m-diameter pipe. The loss coefficient, Kz, for the sudden contraction is 0.4, 5) The pressure drop in kPa due to the change in kinetic energy is 6) Tho pressure drop in kPa due to the sudden contraction is Y. A snowflake with a diameter of 0.15 in. is observed to fall through still air with a speed of 2.0 fils. Air density is 0.0763 lb/ft. The drag coefficient is assumed to be 1.5. 7) Neglecting buoyaney force, estimate the mass in Iby, of the snowflake C4VI. A vertical shaft passes through a bearing and is lubricating with an oil having a viscosity of 0.2 N-s/m? as shown. Assume that the flow characteristics in the gap between the shaft and bearing are the same as those for laminar flow between infinite parallel plates with zero pressure ‘gradient in the direction of flow. The shaft diameter is 6 cm and the gap 16 om distance is 0,025 om. The shaft is tuning at 60 rev/min 8) Determine the shear stress on the shaft. 9) If the shear stress on the shaft is 80 N/m’, determine the torque required to overcome viscous resistance VIL. Water flows through a horizontal bend and discharges into the (1) atmosphere as shown. The pressure gage reads 50 kPa at (1), and the F, flow rate Q is 0.8 m’/s, The area at (1) is 0.1 m* and the area at 2) is “ 2 0.05 m’, Fr 8O 6) The retaining force Fa, = | (2) C15Answer to 2009 Quizzes Quiz #1 Quiz #4 1) 1312 Pas )B 2) 2.7097 fils 2) 84.46 ft/s 3) 152.42 kPa 3) — 234 Iby 4) (A) 4) 2.17 m/s 5) 8.28x10° psi 5) 2.11108 ft-lb; 9) © ©) 1,174 felbi/s 7) 288.7 pm 7) 1.6Pa 8) -126.7 Pa 8) 0.756 m 9) 23.43 kPa 9) 4.44 m 10) 80 mm. 10) 1.695 kW Quiz #2 Quiz #5 1) 2,427 Pa 1) 686.7 m?/s? 2) 2mis 2) 0.0126 3) 1.56 in 3) 0.0653 ft/s 4) 36,000 Ibt 4) 138 Ibe 5) 12.67 psig 5) 93.7 kPa ©) @) 6) 40kPa 1) 1.075 7) 8.72X10"7 Ibn 8) 21,490N 8) 150.6 Nim? 9) 16.57 kPa 9) 0.0724 Nem 10) 16.67 mm. 10)9,872.N Quiz #3 1) 1,627 kg/s 2) -9.05N aE 4) 2.34 slug-ft/s* 5) 0 6) 146 ft/s 7) 300 kN 8) 2.69 Ibt 9) 1.02x10° hp 10) 0.1571 m’/s C16Appendix D Previous Exams (Fall 2010) CHE31101 MOMENTUM TRANSFER Fall 2010 QUIZ #1 ‘Note: Your answers must be correct to 3 significant figures and have the appropriate units. 1. Water is placed between two parallel plates. The bottom plate moves to the right at constant velocity and the top plate is stationary. Ans yy a) x- momentum is transferred in the positive x-direction b) y- momentum is transferred in the positive x-direction ¢) x-momentum is transferred in the positive y-direction 4) y-momentum is transferred in the positive y-direction ¢) momentum is transferred in the negative y-direction = I. Water flows at steady-state and constant “1 et temperature down an inclined circular pipe of constant, diameter. The pipe is completely filled with water between the pipe inlet and outlet. The pressure at the pipe inlet is P; and at the outlet is Ps, Ans a) Velocity and pressure force act in opposite directions b) Pressure force acts inward at pipe entrance and exit ¢) Velocity and pressure force act in the same direction 4) Pressure force acts inward at pipe entrance and outward at the pipe exi €) Pressure force acts outward at pipe entrance and inward at the pipe exit IIL. If the shear stress required to rotate a cylinder 2 m long with diameter 0.1 m is 24 N/m?, determine the power required. The rotational speed is 1000 rev/min. D-l