Transport II Lecture Notes (2014) T. K. Nguyen Chemical and Materials Engineering Cal Poly PomonaContents Chapter 1: Introduction to Heat Transfer 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2. Importance of Thermodynamic 1 1.3 Dilemma in the Study of Heat Transfer 1 ‘nal temperature in a oil bath 1 ‘ime to melt a slab of ice Le L L I l 1.4 Reason for Studying Heat Transfer 1.5 Modes of Heat Transfer 1.6 Nanoscale Origin of Heat Conduction 17 — Thermal Conductivity Chapter 2: Constitutive Relation Between g and T 2.1 Conduction 2 2.2 Convection 24 2.3 Thermal Radiation 27 24 — Energy Balance 2.9 Example 2.4-1 Cylinder and piston system 2-10 First Law as a Rate Equation 2 Example 2,4-2 Uniform heat generation in an electrical wire 2-12 Example 2.4-3 One-dimensional steady state conduction 2-14 Example 2.4-4 Radiation heat transfer with a plate 2-15 2.5 Temperature of a Focal Plane Array 2-17 2.6 Examples in Conduction, Convection, and Radiations 2-23 Example 2.6-1 Baseplate heater 2-23 Example 2,6-2 Heating of silicon wafer 2.24 Example 2.6-3 Reacting spherical canister 2-25 Example 2.6-4 Heat dissipiatation in electronic devices 2-26 Example 2.6-5 Heat dissipiatation in computers 227 Chapter 3: Conduction Differential Equation 3.1 Derivation 3-1 Example 3.1-1 Equation for one-dimensional conduction 3-6 Example 3.1-2 Heat transfer across a wall 39 Example 3.1-3 Heat transfer in a quarter cylinder 3-12 Example 3.1-4 Differential equation for a quarter cylinder 3.13 3.2 Boundary and Initial Conditions 315 Example 3.2-1 Heat transfer through a slab 3-18 Example 3.2-2 Temperature distribution along a plate 3-21 Example 3.2-3 Temperature gradient at a surface 3-22Chapter 4: Analysis of 1-Dimensional Conduction at 42 43 44 45 46 47 Steady State, Constant Properties, No Heat Generation Cartesian System, Isothermal Surfaces Radial System, Isothermal Surfaces Spherical System, Isothermal Surfaces Electrical and Thermal Analogy Example 4.5-1 Thermal circuit for multi-layered wall Example 4.5-2 Thermal circuit for composite cylinders Example 4.5-3 Thermal circuit for wall with radiation Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient Example 4.6-1 Thermal circuit for multi-layered wall Systems with Heat Sources Example 4.7-1 Rectangular plate with heat generation -2. Temperature distribution in a solid cylinder -3 Maximum temperature in a copper wire Example 4.7-4 Heat transfer with a strip heater Example 4.7-5 Heat transfer through a teacup Example 4.7-6 Evaporation time in an IC engine Chapter 5: Analysis of Fins and “Extended Surfaces” Sa 5.2 53 Introduction Heat Transfer for Fins of Uniform Cross-Sectional Area Example 5.2-1 Heat transfer from a long cylindrical fin Example 5.2-2 Heat transfer from a finite cylindrical fin Example 5.2-3 Heat transfer from two sides of a fin Fin Performance Example 5.3-1 Efficiency of a rectangular fin Example 53-2 Efficiency of a triangular fin Example 5.3-3 Heat transfer from a stack of fins Chapter 6: Two Dimensional, Steady-State Conduction 6.1 62 The Energy Balance Method Example 6.1-1 Steady-state conduction in a column Example 6.1-2 Steady-state conduction Partial Differential Equation Solver Software Example 6.2-1 Steady-state conduction using COMSOL, 41 41 42 44 48 49 410 Au 4-13 415 415 419 4.23 4.25 4.26 4.27Chapter 7: Unsteady-State Conduction Wd 72 73 74 Introduction The Lumped Capacitance Method Example 7.2-1 Heat leaving a sphere by radiation ‘Human Body Temperature Regulation Example 7.2-2 Heat loss from a body Review: First Order Linear Ordinary Differential Equations Example 7.2-3 Supetheated liquid droplets Differential Energy Balance Review: The Newton-Raphson Method Example 7.3-1 Cell damage in living tissue Approximate Solutions Total Energy Transfer Example 7.4-1 Heat transfer in a slab Example 7.4-2 Heat transfer in a semi-infinite medium Example 7.4-3 Heat transfer through one surface of a slab Example 7.4-4 Heat loss to a copper block Example 7.4-5 Heat transfer in a finite cylinder Chapter 8: Convective Heat Transfer 81 82 83 84 85 Introduction Boundary Layer Concept Correlations for Heat Convection External Forced Convection Flow Internal Forced Convection Flow External Free Convection Flow Correlations for Boiling and Condensation Film Boiling Film Condensation on a Vertical Plate Film Condensation on Radial Systems Examples of Convection Systems Example 8.5-1 Water evaporating from a lake Example 8.5-2 Heat loss from a scuba diver Example 8.5-3 Heat loss from a cylinder Example 8.5-4 Free convection from a horizontal plate iii TH 13 16 16 17 18 TAL 7-14 7-18 Tah Tah 7-26 1-28 1229 730 731Chapter 9: Heat Exchangers OA 9.2 93 94 Introduction Heat Exchanger types Analysis of Heat Exchangers Example 9.3-1: Different exchanger configurations Example 9.3-2: Length of tube in heat exchanger Example 9.3-3: Heat transfer rate for a counter flow exchanger The Effectiveness-NTU Method Example 9.4-1: Effectiveness-NTU relation for exchanger Example 9.4-2: Counter-flow heat exchange in whales Example 9.4-3: LMTD and Effectiveness-N7U method Chapter 10: Radiation Heat Transfer 10.1 10.2 10.3 Appendix Introduction Blackbody Radiation Radiation Intensity Emissive Power Irradiation and Radiosity Example 10,3-1 Irradiation and radiant energy on a surface Example 10,3-2 Irradiation received by a detector Example 10,3-3 Total irradiation at the earth’s surface Example 10,3-4 Solid angle for irradiation Example 10,3-5 Solar irradiation at the earth’s surface Example 10.3-6 Estimation of the earth’s surface temperature A. Previous Exams (2008) B, Previous Exams (2009) ©. Previous Exams (2010) D. Previous Exams (2011) E. Previous Exams (2012) iv Io 99 O17 9-19 9-20 9-22 9-26 9-29 9-31 10-1 10-2 10-5 10-5 10-6 10-7 10-8 10-9 10-10 10-11 10-12