Solution of laws of motion

1. (c) Pseudo force acts obn any (stationary, moving or acceleration), if its is being observed by an
accelerating observer. Pseudo force acts opposite to the direction of acceleration of the observer.

2. (b) 3. (d) If the wall is smooth, then the block cannot be made stationary as F N
there is no force to balance mg.

4. (a) F = N for ax = 0, r = mg for ay = 0, For minimum value of F, mg

friction must act at its limiting value, f = N = F, or F = mg or F = mg/

5. (a) If F < Fmin then the block slides downward as the limiting strength of friction gets reduced due to
reduction in the normal reaction. If F > Fmin then the block does not slides upward as there is no
component of the external force along the surface. Friction force cannot slide the block upwards as
it cannot exceed the magnitude of the other forces acting opposite to its direction. F sin f
F cos
6. (b) For equilibrium : along x : F cos = N, along y : F sin + f = mg
For minimum value of F, f = fmax = N = F cos ,
N

or F sin + F cos = mg or F = mg/sin + cos

mg
7. (a) If F < Fmin then obviously the block will slide down as the magnitude of the sum of F sin and F will not
be sufficient to balance mg. If F > Fmin then block mayor may not slide upward depending upon the
condition. If Fmin < F < mg then block does not slide down but the magnitude of friction is less
than fmax. If F > mg then block has a tendency to slide up an the friction force starts acting
downward; but the block does not start sliding upward unless the friction force reaches its limiting
value. That is, The maximum of value of F for which the block remains in equilibrium is
Fmax = mg, Fmax = mg/sin - cos
Thus, the block starts sliding upward, if F > Fmax = mg/sin - cos

8. (c) 9. (b) Obviously when F = 0, F sin = mg or F = mg/sin

10. (c) As m1 cannot move without moving the block m2 therefore the friction force acting at both
a
the block must be exceeded. Thus, the minimum force required to move the block is
Fmin = f1 + f2 = m1g + (m1 + m2) g F
m1 m2

11. (a) With the reversal of force, the block m1 always moves alone as m2 does not obstruct its f1 f2

motion. The normal reaction becomes zero as there is no interaction between the blocks.

12. (d) The normal reaction between the two blocks exist only when the friction force acting on block m1 is
exceeded. Thus, N = 0 if F f1max = m1 g
The normal reaction increases from 0 to m2g unless the blocks start moving i.e.
if m1 g F (m1 + m2)g then, N = F - m1g
When F > (m1 + m2) g, then blocks start accelerating, a = F - (m1 + m2)g/m1 + m2
Thus N - m2g = m2a, or N = m2 [F - (m1 + m2)g/m1 + m2] + m2g or N = m2F/m1 + m2

13. (d) If the acceleration of the surface is less than a = m/M g, then the pseudo force acting on M will not
be able to balance mg, thus
(1) the block m will accelerate downward (2) the block M will accelerate toward right
(3) the tension will be less then mg because it is not able to balance it.

14. (c) The downward acceleration of m will be a = mg Ma0/m + M

 m0
15. (b) When all the surface are smooth, then block m0 will not accelerate and remain stationary.
M
Thus, the downward acceleration of block m will be
f N
Note that m0 is isolated from m and M, therefore, it does not form part of the system.
m
16. (b) The block m cannot move downward without moving the block M, thus if the friction force between
the block M and the surface is able to balance mg, then the block will remain stationary.
Thus, F = mg or min N = mg or min (M + m0) g = mg or min = m/M + m0
mg
A = mg/m + M

17. (c) If < min, then block m accelerates downward.

Thus, a = mg f/m + M = mg - (M + m0)g/m + M or a = [m - (m0 + M)/m + M]g

18. (d) Applying Newtons second law on the block m, we get,

mg T = ma or T = mg ma = mg m [m - (m0 + M)/m + M] g, or T = [mM - m (m0 + M)/m + M] g

19. (a) If the coefficient of friction between the block M and the surface is known to be 0, then the
minimum value of normal reaction Nmin is required so that limiting value of friction balances mg. Thus,
F = mg here F = 0Nmin = 0 (M + m0)g, or (M + m0) g = mg, or (m0)min = m / - M

20. (d) If the friction exists between the block m0 and M but the lower surface of block M is smooth, then
no horizontal force can balance the weight mg of block m. The system cannot be in equilibrium.

21. (a) When the three blocks move together, then common acceleration of the system, a = mg/m + m0 + M
The maximum acceleration with which the block m0 can moves is g. Therefore, the minimum value
of required to more the block m0 with a, min = a/g = m/m + m0 + M

22. (a,b,c,d) Friction force is self-adjusting, because it can adjust its magnitude anywhere between zero and
its limiting value.

23. (d) The reason is stated above.

24. (b) The horizontal force applied on the block to displace it must be at least equal to friction force acting
on the block. Smaller the value of friction force lesser the horizontal force is required displace the
block. In case (a), fmax = N = mg, In case (b), fmax = (mg F sin )
In case (c), fmax = (mg + F sin ), Obviously, lesser value of friction exists in
case (b), therefore, block can be pulled with lesser effort in this case. Note that, in case (d), the
force required is maximum.

25. (c) By definition, the angle of friction = = fmax/N

26. (a,c) Minimum force is required, if the angle of inclination is equal to .

Then, fmax = (mg F sin ) = mg - F sin , Also, F cos = fmax = mg - F sin
or F (cos + sin ) = mg, Since = tan , therefore F = mg sin

27. (a,b,c,d) The forces acting on the block are, = Fx + Fy = - mg , = N ,

=? From the equilibrium of the block, In the vertical direction, + = 0

= mg , In the horizontal direction, + = 0, = - (Fx + Fy

28. (d) Friction force opposes the tangential force creating relative motion. Thus, it acts opposite to the
resultant of Fx and Fy.

29. (c) When the block falls vertically downward with respect to ground, then the normal reaction
between the block and the wedge becomes zero. i.e. N + m sin = mg cos , N
Since N = 0, therefore, a = g cot , Thus, F0F0 = M0 = Mg cot
ma

mg
 N
30. (a,c,d) Equilibrium of m implies mg = T equilibrium of M implies T = f and equilibrium of M 0
T T
implies f = T; Hence, all the blocks can be stationary simultaneously. f N
If m moves downward, then M moves toward right. Thus, mg > T and T > f mg
T
Hence, the block M0 must move leftwards. It can not happen that M and m moves T
M0
but M0 remains stationary. The normal reaction between m0 and m is always zero
because M0 always have a tendency to move leftwards.
N mg