|1

2016.
 |2

. .

To

500
 |3

1. , ,
,

2. . . , ,
.,

3. , ,
, ,
,

5. ,, ,

6. , ,

7. . ,,
,

8. . ,,
,

9. ,
a, pharmaswiss

10. , , ,
,
 |4

1. ,
,
-
................................8

2. . ,
, .
...........34

3. .
...................................66

4. ,
,
-
.............74

5.
.....................................98
 |5

,
.

, ,
, , -



: ?

,


.

: ..
.

, . . .
.

2016.

 |6

 |7

: ,
,
.

 |8

, ,

1.

- -

R.Park (1912.)
,

.
, , ,

.

. , ,
,
, ,
, , .
,
,
.

.
 |9

. ,

, ,

,

.

, ,
,


, ,
, , ,
: ?


,
.

.
,
,
,

,
.
 | 10

.

, ,
.

(A. Dweisman, 1975).
,

.

m.
.

.

:


?
 | 11

, . (1964)
-

.

,
. , ,
,

.
,
, , ,
.


.

(1968)

.

,
,
,
, ,
.

, ,
, ,

 | 12

,

.
. Ad Hoc Komitet
Hardvard- .

: ,
,
.

,
.
, ,
,
.


.

.
(1969)

.

, ,
.
,

.
 | 13

,

. .
, , ,
;
; ,
, . ,
,
, .
,
. , ,
,
.

, ,
,
, , .

, ,
.
.

,

.
 | 14

. ,
,
.

.
,
, ,
,
.

.

,
. ,
, ,
.

Glaser Sraus ( Goleman-, 1977)

,
.

.


.
 | 15

,
.
, ,

. ,
.

, ,
.
,
, , .

.

,
,

, ,


.

( )

,
.
 | 16

)

,
, , ,

.

.
Ros-, ,
:
? ,
,

.

)

,
.

.
,
,
, ,
.
 | 17

)
Ros-
.
.

, ,
,
.
, , ,

. ,
,

.

. Wiesman
(1975)
.
.
, ,
.

,
,
. ,
.

,
.
 | 18

.

.
,
.

.
: tanatos eu
. ,

,
,
,
.

, ,
.

,

, ,
.

,
, ,
,

, .
 | 19

( ).

,
. ,
,
. ,
, ,
, ,
.

. ,
.

.

..

, .
,
.
.
 | 20

13. .

.

,
.

,
,
, ,
.


,
, .

,
, ,

, ,
,

,
,
: , ,
!
 | 21

, ,


,
,
,
;
.

,
,
; ,

, ,
.

.

200.000 , ,
, -
,
.

200
,
300 ,
.
, .
,
; ,
 | 22

. ?

:
,
,
. , ,
,
, , ,


( Russel-u R, 1975).

,
:

) ,

,

.
, ,
,
, .

,
,
.
 | 23

.
.

.
, ,

. ,

,
.

.
,
, ,
, .
,

,
.
(suicidium),
(tentamen suicidii)

.
 | 24

,

, .
,
, ,
,
, , ,
. Meningeer (1938)

:

a) , ,
, ,
, .

) ,

,
, ,
.

) ,

.

, .
, .
 | 25

,

,
.

.
, , , , , ,

25 100.000 .

3:1;
.

. -,
10 , .
10 14 ,
35 60 , 15 19
250 350 .
, 3:1
,
.

,
. , ,
, (61 100.000,
, 10 100.000).
 | 26

.

,
, ,
.

, M.
Simson
. , ,
,
, 65
, ,
.
,
.

, ,
.

, ,
,

.

, .

.


.
 | 27

, ,
,
. :
,
.

.,
,
. ,
. , :
,
. ,
.

, ,

(
). , ,
,
.

, ,
, ,
: ?
,
.

,
-, ,
make up,
 | 28

, , .
:

, .

. . Dirkhem- (1951)
:

)
.
.

)
.

) :
.

,
,
.

.

,
, .

,

.
 | 29

,
. , ,
2 3%. ,
Niskanena Acheta,
1 33
, 1 33
.
,
.

,


.

, .
,
,
.

,

.
(1987)

.
 | 30

,

.

, ,
,
.
,
, .
, , Renni-a
208 -
. 7 , 11
.

.
... ...
.
.

, , ,
.

,
.

,
,
:
 | 31

)
;

) ;

)

.

, ,

, , , ,
.
:
,
,
?
:
,
.

.
.
 | 32

1. Coleman P., Psihologija danas, 3, 47-49, 1977

2. Hamlin, H., Life and Death by EEG., Jama, 190.,112-114, 1964
3. Kami, A., Mit o Sizifu, Sarajevo, 1978
4. Kecmanovi, D, Psihijatrija, Beograd-Zagreb, 1987
5. Meninger, K., Man against Himself., Haront, Brace, Nev York, 1938
6. Milenkovi, M., Eutanazija, Skoplje, 1940
7. Park, R., Thanatology, J.A.M.A, 58, 1243, 1912
8. Simson, M., Suicide-the most intimate myrder, Psychology Today., 3, 11,
27-31, 1977
9. Weisman, A.D., Thanatology., Com. Textbook of Psychiatry, Baltimore,
1975
 | 33
 | 34

. , ,
.

2.

, ,
,

, ,

,
,
,
( )
 | 35

, , , , ,
, , ....

, , ,
, , ,
, ,
,
,
.

, !
, ,
...

, ,
, , ,
.

( ?)
,
.

, ,
, .?

, , ,
?
 | 36

, ,
,
, , ,
, , ,
, , .

, , .
, ,
.

.

,
?
, .
.
.

, ,
,

, ,
, .

, ,
( ). .
,
.
 | 37

,

!

, ,
.
:
"
.
,
, .
,
.

.
.

. '', ,

.
...
-
. ,


 | 38

.
".

: ()
)
() ,

( , , ).

.
, .
""
.

,
.
"
", " "
( . ).


,
(, )
( ).
,
,
, ,
y y
.
 | 39

. .
, ,
.
,
,
...

,
,
,
, , .
,
,

.

, ,

,
(
).
 | 40

?


.
.
.

, . ,
, ,
.

, (. ,
),

.

!?

, .

, ,
, ,
.
 | 41

.
,

- ,
.

.


.


.

. ,
. ,
.
.
.

, .
,
, ,
, .

.
,
.
 | 42

.


.

.

, , ,
, , ,
, , ,
.
.

?

?

, , ,

,
.

. ,
. ,
.
.
.
 | 43

.
,
.



,
.

.
.

.

.

.
,
.
,
.
 | 44

.


.

,
,
.
( ,
, )
. ,
().
, ,

. ,
,
.

'- , ,

. ,
,
,
.

,
.
 | 45

,
.

.

.
. ,
, , .

.

,
. ,
, ,
, ,
, .

.

,
, ,
,
.
 | 46

, ,
.
,
, .

,

,
.

y,
.


, ,

.

.
,
.

.

, .
 | 47

, ,
.
, ,

. y


.
.
.
,

, .

. ,

(
, ),
,
.
,
,
.
, .
,
,
.
 | 48

w Y -:
? ,
, ,
.

;

.

. y,


.

. ,

,
.
,
,

.

.
,
.
 | 49

, ,
, , ,
,
,
, . (. )

Philippe Aries,
,
:

,
, ,
.
, , ,

;
.
: ,
. .

Aries
:

() ,

,
.
 | 50

,
(
),
, . ()
.

:
. .

.
, XX ,
.
,
.
,
,
: (
) 1955.
.
,
. () :
,

;
,
.
, , ,

.
 | 51

,
,
.

,
,
( )
, ,
, ()
.

,
,
,

Erich Fromm.
,
,
(
,
)
- PC-. ,
, , :


x-
.

:
(. )
 | 52

,
,
-- ,
,
,
, .

Ericha Fromma ,
,

:

, .
.

.
,
,
. () ,
, , .

, , .

Fromm
Miguela de Umamuna,
. ,
y (
!) ,

:
 | 53

:
! ,
() ()
.
. (y
. ..) . .
,
. ,
.
y .

.

Fromm :

, ,
, ;
; ;
.

,


.

, Fromm
,
,
,
.
 | 54

, ,

.

:

, ,
. , ,
.
( ,
, -
- ).
. , ,
, ;
,
, ,
, , .
( , );
; ,
,
; ,
.
;
,
,
. ,
.

;
.
 | 55

.
; ,
. -
.
, .
, . ,
. ,
,
( ). , ,
, .

Bret Easton Ellis

,
Frommovu .
-

, , 80- XX ,
,
,
.
Ellisovim , , ,
Frommovih
, , ,
,
.

Ellisovog
.
,
,
 | 56

,

.

,
,

,
.

, y

,
,
.
,

:

,
:
, ,
,
,
,
.
,
,
, , ,
.
 | 57

, ,
, ,
, ,
,
, .

. . ,

.

:

. () x, ,
,
.

.

,
.
. ()
.

. () -
, -, -, -, (),
-, - . -
-.
, .
 | 58

() ,
, .
, , ()
[-. . .] (y). ,
, .

, , :

,
; .
.
,
() [ -.
. .]
( ),
, ()
,
. () , , ,

.

;
,

[ . .] ()

( , ,
, , .)
(, , ,
)
 | 59

, .
(
),
:

,
.
.
,

.

,

/ .
(, ),

, ,
:

,
. , y -
, , ; ,
.

():
,
. ,
 | 60

, , ,
.

, :

. ,
.
, ,
,
. ,
.
.

............... ,
.
,
( )
, ,
,
. ,
,
.

, (
, .
) y .

.
 | 61

, ,
,


.

, , ,
, ,
, ,
,
. ( ).

, .
,
,
. ,
.
. ,
. ,
. ,
. ,
. ,
. .
, ;
, .
 | 62

, ,
, .
,
. .
,
, ,
, .

.

;
, .
,
;
, ,
.

, .
,
. ,
. ,
; , .

.
, .
, . ,
.
.
 | 63

: ,
(. ,
III). , ,
, ,
.

: .

je: .
.
. , ,
.

, !

. ,
.
, .
,
, .

,
. ,
, .
, .
,
. ,
.

! ;
, .
 | 64

. .
: ,
, . ,
,
. ,
. .
, .
. .

, , , ,
.
. ,
,
.
.
. ,
.
, ; :
, ! ( , III).

, , !

, ,
, , !

( )
 | 65

, ,

!

.
,

, , ,
.
( , 2015).

:
.. 1-5- , 1978.
. . , 1978.
. http://www.scribd.com/doc/258387377/Misa-Vasic-O-Zakonu-Enantiodromije-
Ruski-Kosmizam-Izmedju-Utopije-i-Evolucije-22#scribd
. http://www.danas.rs/dodaci/psihologija/strah_od_smrti.62.html?news_id=184996
. .
https://www.kupindo.com/Hriscanstvo/15978085_Iznad-greha-i-smrti-Nikolaj-Velimirovic
. . https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-E1sZ7IqKes
. (2005). Fear of death in hypochondriasis: Bodily threat and its treatment
implications. Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy, 35(3), 227-237.
R. (2010). Decision making and fear in the midst of life. The Lancet, 375(9724),
1430-1431.
. . , , 1989.
Starevi, V. (2005). Fear of death in hypochondriasis: Bodily threat and its treatment
implications. Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy, 35(3), 227-237.
Aronovitz, R. (2010). Decision making and fear in the midst of life. The Lancet, 375(9724),
1430-1431.
..
.
.
.
 | 66

3.


,


!
.

,
, , ,

.
. ,
.
, ,
.

, ,
;
.

,
, .
 | 67

, ,
:
,

?
.
,
. ,
, .
,
,

.
,
,
, , .

,
, ,
.
.

,
, .
, , ,
, , , ,
.
, . ,
:

?
 | 68

,
, .
. ?

, ,
? : ,
, , , .

.
,
. ,
.
! ,
,
.
.
, ,
. , ,
.
,
.

, , .

. , ,

terra incognita.
,
.
.

,
,
 | 69

,
.
.


.

. ;
.
.
: -.

modus vivendi. ,
, . , ,

,
, . ,
, .

:
,
,
. , , ,
. .
,
, , ,
, :
, , ,
... .

, ,
, ,
.
 | 70

, ,
. ,
?
, , ?
? , , , ,

.
. ,
, ,
.
,
.
,
,
. ,
, ,

? , , ,
: ?

,
. , ,
,
, .
, ,
, . .
?
.
,
. . , ,

, , , .
:
. . ,
 | 71

. ,
, .

, .
, , ,
.
.
,
.
,
.
.
, , , ,
. .
, .
;
.
, ,
.
. ,
, , , ;
.

, .
, ,
. , ;
,
. conditio sine qua non,
.
 | 72

.
:

, , .

:
1. ..; , ,, , 1981

2. ,.: , , ,1998

3. : , ,1988
 | 73
 | 74

, ,

4.
-
-
O

- , ,
,
 | 75

.
.
. ,
, .
, , ,
. .
- .

, .
, ,
,
, .
, .
, -
. ?
, .
, .
,

, a
. .

, , ,


. :
(. , )
.
 | 76

,
, ,
: ,
,
, .
,
.

.
.
, , , ,
, .

, ,
, ,
,
. ,
( 1992)
( ),
, (
) ( 1998) .

( 1998).
( 2003),

,
,
.
 | 77

, ,

,
( 2001),
, a
, .
,
,

, (
1994).
. (1984)
,
: 1 -
, 2
, 3 -
, 4 -

, 5 - -
, , 6 -
.

,
. , - ()
, , . .
.
, ,
( 1,
2; 1999, . 190). ,
, ,
, , . ,
, . ,
, ?
 | 78

,
.
cotidie mori ( )

.

K (1999),
conditio certa moriendi .
.

, ars moriendi (-
), ,
,
.
, ,
, .
,
.
. (,
, ) .

,
, . .
,
,

hora incerta, ()
.
,
.
 | 79

, ,
, ,

.
,
, ,
, ,
religare , ,
( ), ,
, , ,
. (1999) :
, , , , ,
. , ,
,
, , ,
2000
.

,
, (
,
)
, , ,
, ,
, ,
.
.

( ,
,
).
 | 80

. ,
(

). ( .)
,
. , ,
, ,
. ,
,
.

.
. ,
,
, .
,
, .
,
,
. ,
.
, ,
, .

,
.
,
,

. : ,
, -
, ,
 | 81

,
,
, ,
,
.
.
, ,


, ,
,

. ,
,
, , ,
.

,
.
,
, ,
,
,
( 1999), .

, ,
,
.
,
(
 | 82

) ,
.

,
.
.

-
.

.
, .

,
. ,
, .

. -
:

,

, ...
.
,
.

, .
, ,
.
.
 | 83

,


.

.
.

, ( )
( hs, 1975).
.
. ,

(
).

,
.

.
200

, .
,
. (1955)

.

, .
 | 84

,
.

( . ).

(
) .


.

. ,
.
.
.
.

.
. ,
.
, ,
.

, ,
.

,
, ( ), .
 | 85

,
.
( ) ,

( , 1988).

.


( ).
()
( )

, .,
,
.

.
,
, -
,
.
,
.
( ,
, )

.
 | 86

.

-
.
,
( ) .

( -
). ,
.

.
,
,
. ( )

.
.

.
.
,
,
.
,
( , 1981).

( 1986 ) -
(
).
 | 87

: - (
)-
-
- .
(Wolf, 1976) ,
, .

-
, ,


.

.

( ) .

. (
)


. ,

,
 | 88

( - ).

Binswanger (1926)


.

,
. ( 1984 )
,
.
, ,
,
, .

Frankl ( 1967) :
...

:
.

. Boss

.


.
 | 89

( )
,
, ,
- .

( )
,
, ( )
.
,

.

. ,

,

,
.

,
.
(
, 1993 ).
, ,
.

-
.
 | 90

, . Nishaned (
1989)
.
,
,
.
.
( )
,
.
.

,

( ,1976 ),


,
. -- .
,

( - )
(
),
,
.
( , 1979 )

.
.
 | 91

,

.

: -
- -
.

.

1) . (1989),
,
. . :
,

.
,
, ,
. (
)
,
, 50
, , .

.

,
,
.
 | 92

,
, .

2) ( 1988)
:
) (.
,
)
, ,
,
.

,
.
)
() ( ,

),
.

3) . . (1975) .
,
.
,
, ,
. ,

, .

(
,
,
).
 | 93

,

.

5) . . (1977) (.
- 1976)
( )
.
(20 10 ) ,
,
.
,
.
, . , .


, ,
, .


.



. ()
-,

.
 | 94

6) . (
,
) . - (1996) ,
,

,

.

,
.
, ,
,
.
.

.

,

.,
, ,
, ,, ,
( 1983),
, ,
, .
,
, ,
.
 | 95

,
, ,
,
,
. , ,
ex-
( ), -
, ,
.
 | 96

:
1. Adamovi, V. Psihologija obolelog od infarkata miokarda, Prosveta, Beograd, 1986.
2. Binswanger, L., Daseinancytik und Psychiatrie, der nervenarzt. 22, N.1,S1-10.1926
3. Brown, O. ivot protiv smrti, Napred, Zagreb, 1994
4. Buzov, I. Psihologija alovanja, Jumena 1989
5. Bergantino L. (1992): Warum heilt Psychotherapie Existentielle Augenblick, Edition
6. Humanistische Psychologie, Koln.
7. . (1999): , , .
8. Condrau G. (1992): Sigmund Freud und Martin Heidegger Daseinsanalitische
9. . (2001): , , .
10. Fenihel, O. Psihonalitika teorija neuroza, Medicinska knjiga, Beograd, 1961.
11. Frankl, V. Neujan vapaj za smislom, Naprjed, Zagreb, 1987.
12. Frankl, V, Zato se niste ubili, Monada, Beograd, 1994.
13. Freud, S. Ckollectid papers, Perga mon press, 1977.
14. Gorer, G. The pornography of detah, London, Tavistock, 1955
15. Grossarth-Maticek R., Eysenck H. Y. (1996): Psychological Factors in the Treatman of
Cancers and Coronars Heart Disease, Hatherleigh Press, New York.
16. Hora T. (1977): Existential Metapsychiatry, Crossroad Book, The Seabury Press, New
York.
17. Jeroti, V. Neuroza kao izazov, Medicinska knjiga, Beograd-Zagreb, 1984.
18. . (1980): , , .
19. . (1994): , , .
20. . (1997): ,
, .
21. . (1998): / , Ars libri, .
22. Kubler-Ross E. (1976): Razgovori s umiruima, Oko tri ujutro, Zagreb.
23. Lindenberg S. P. (1977): The Effects of Existential Type of Group Psychotherapy of a
Time-Limited Group of Members for Whom the Imminence of Death is apressing
Reality, A dissertation, Athens, Georgia.
24. Mari, J. Samoa i usamljenost, Engrami 2, 1982
25. . (2003):
, , , .
26. Nagy, T. Le Symptome psyho-smoatiqe, priat, Tolouse, 1948.
27. . (1988): , , .
28. Opali P. (1998): Untersuchung zur Gruppenpsychotherapie, Psychosozial V., Giessen.
29. . (1999): - ()
,
: .:
, , 9-27.
30. Peseschkian N. (1983): Auf der Suche nach Sinn, Fischer Taschenbuch V., Frankfurt/M.
31. Stropko A.J. (1975): Logoanalysis and quided imaginary as group treatmans for
existential vacuum, A dissertation, Texas Tech University.
32. Stojanovi, J. Silovanje, Univerzitetska re, Niki, 1988.
33. Thomas, L.V. Antropologija smrti vol.1-2, Prosveta, Beograd,1975
34. Yalom I. D. (1989): Existentielle Psychotherapie, Edition Humanistische
Psychologie,Koln.
35. Wolf, S. Psychosocial focus in myocardial infarctin and sudden death, Circulation 39,
Supll 4.74,1976.
 | 97
 | 98

5. AE

ae o aea e aoee
eoe ojae oje ae a e oo
oaa o a. oea a oeeaae
aaa e o aa eo a a a a oee.
oeae oe, o oj ee ae e aa
oa, o ajoe oj. ae aj:
ooo, eo ao aee a oa,
oeoa, oja, aeja a
oeaa. aa oja oaa ae aa e
aaooja. Oa je aa eo e ee, a a
oja a oee ea: tanatos logos
aa.
343

:
, , ,2013,
24.1. AOJA
 | 99

Aoja, ae oa (agonia) ae je oje

eoeo eo . Oa je ea oea
eeo aea a ja oaa:
je a, aa eao eo ea.
Aoja oea aje ao, eoo a, a aaa
aa aa. o a aoje, oo
ojaaa o ee, oee eoeo
eeo ajaa oaa a ja, je aa
o o ja aa ee aoooe,
eaoe, oae oooe oeeaje
oa. oa e o a aoje aee
o aea oje a ja.
24.1.1. aee ja a

eeo oae je a oa,

ajee je aeo ao aejo o a
oeeaja ae eeje jae a. aaa
e o oo aje, o eee, a a
eae. aoj eo e aa eee
ae (aaj), e ea a .
aaae aao o aaa eaeoae
eae, a aje ooe aeoa. aa
aeoa eaaa oeaa aeeoaoaa
ae aoa, a eoo o aeoaa
ao eje ee eao o, o
aa a a ao aaaj aa. oa
aj o a a ao oo aae
aaj eae aeoao aaa. Ao je oe
aeoao, a ooa a oa ojaje e
oeaa eaa ea. Oa oe oeaa a
o aoa eaeoa eaa.
ao oea aoo aoja oaa
a aeoao a o oa aja
 | 100

o, oo aaa. oaa oao ae

oaa ao o a , o jee aee e
aoja, a a oo eoea aa, j ao
oae (oe aa oae je ao oa). a
eo aoo a oea ea,
o e eo o 80mmHg, ea eeo
j ea, o a a oe oaj
eao ooa. o aje,
aooaja eaja aj a
aaea e oe, oja je ao ea,
oe ooea a oje, a aje a
aoea (eao ea).

ae oe jae, a aae aoa o oj,

ae oe ae oaje, aaee a
aa, oje je o oao jo oa, a aa
e oaeo ao Facies hippocratica.

24.1.2. aee eaoe je

eeo oae je aa, e ae

oe eoo aaa, aaje o: aaaa a
aao, aea oa ae eaoe
ae aea je eaa a ae. aae
eeje ejaa oeo je oa aejo
ejo aa, oae ooaje, ea
oaje a ea, oae eaoaje
ao a. oae je aa aa
e oj oaa oja eo oaa oee
aaa eeje ejaa.
eoaa eoa ejaa ea eao
aa, ee a aoj ea ooja,
e e o aje oaa ooaja
 | 101

eo oaaj oe aaa eejo oa

oaa, eoo a oae eje. aa
e oeje e ao aao oe
aajo oe ee. Oaj aaao
eoe a oaee oo, e e, ea
oaja a ea, a oj je eooa
aeooa, a aa. aaeo
oa, aaa oe je eoa, aaa e a
o ooae ee ee. e ae,
ae- A, oe oe aaoa, a
ae a aea o
oaaeaa.

oo e ooaa ea e oe eaoa
oa-aea, je je eao aa e, ea e
a , e ao aaje e
o eaoo oea eje.

o eaoo oea oo o je
eoeaoo ea oaa, o ooje
oeeo aee ea. eeaa aa o
ooe eo ee e oo 35 . ao e
ajea eeaa ea je a ooe
eo.
 | 102

24.1.3. aee ja eao eo ea

eeo oae ja oa oea je

eoo eo eo oeea. e
eaje aje a eoo a aa
oa eja, je oe eaj eeee eee.

ajoeje aje eje oe eo oa. oa

e oeeaj e, ea ja, oe ooe
a eeje eea, ojaj e oao
aea ja oao aa ee oe.

oeeaj e ajee aa :
ooeje, ooa oe. eae je e
oaaj eaj. a oaj, aje o a, a
o a a, a oee oaje o a.
aj eoe oaa ja a,
oeo je a e e o eoe
oeaa.

Oaae a a, a oe oa ao
ao aaee ooje ojoj e aa.

o aea eeje eea, j

eej oa, a je eaeeoa a oaaje oo
ea e a aeo a oo oa. ea
aa aea e oo.

a oe ooe a, aa
eoo ea a oe. ojaj e
eooae oaje a.
 | 103

oo oaje eaoea , aae ae oeao

eo ooao. aa o a a aj e
e. oae ea aao ooa, oae
ee, ee ea ea oe oe o oao
aa eao aaja, oae, ee eaa
eao aaja jea, oae oe oe
eo, e, e a oa. a
ee a, oo oa eoaje e o
ao eeea ea, j je ooaj oee
aajo.

oe oeaje e-oa ej
ao a ea a ae, a e oa aj
ojaj oa aa a o aeoao je
ooa a oo aa aj. ae je eao o
eej aja.
Oae oao aa a aee aja
eea ea a ae. aa oe aa e
o, ae e a ee. eoe
oaa a ja je oo oee. O je
oe eao aa. ao aj,
oaa a ja eoo e oaaj.

24.1.4. Aoj aa

Aoj aa oe je eeo ajaa aoje.

Ao je oa ajaa aa, oooe oee jao
aee a a oaa, e ea, a: a,
, je, ea o. a oo aojo
aaa oe e oo o ee aaaa, o
aoje eeaoj oo aa ee
oo, oeo o ae ooa ee oea.
 | 104

a. o a je ee. a ea
aee aao. a ee oe a
oao e a oeaa eo.
aa eo je a aa. ooo
aao oaa e o eoo oe
eaa aeoaa aeae eaeoa
eaa. Ao je aoja ajaa eoo aa, e
eaa a oa a, aea eaajo
aeeoa eja o aoaa oj ae
e ee.

e. a oaje aoje a eoa o

aa aa a
aa e oa a.

Jea je ea, eaa aoe oa.

oo e oaa eoaja eooaa
eoa, oee e oa
eoa ooa oo oea
ejaa jee.

e ae, ee oe a aa.
a e oaa eoa eea a ao aae
ea.

oa. a je ee. Ao je oe aa ao
ajao, aoj a aoje aajo ae aae
oaj, a oa aa e ea .
 | 105

24.1.5. oe aaj aoje

oe aaj aoje je e a je ea
eoa ao oea oe, o aje oo a ae
ee ae e oe ea a
eooj o.

ao aoja o a aaa , oa e e
ea a oo oje e oo oa o e
aa ee oo. ea oo oa
aa e o e e e a
oaa.

aa je oeo oaa eoeo

ao oe eoaa e eeja.
oee oje a oe ao o aeoao
ea o ee ao oea, oeo
ajea aa oee a eee e ooooj
oo ao.
Oae oee aj oja aaea oooa
oeeja oja ea eoa a ao aea
aa oo aoea eeao aja a
o.

oaae oe a ae ae aa
oeo je oo o oee ooaja, ea
oaaje aae. aeaa, aae aa, ojea
a oje a , o oea
a ao aea, o oea e.
 | 106

24.2.

oja oaa oo e a oe oea, aa

o e oaje aea jea ooo,
ojao ao ae. oaa je o
oee e, e a jae eja, a aa o
je eeeaa jea oa oee oe ja.
ee je eja e o oaa oe
oe oe jaa: a oa,
eaje eao eo ea.

e eee je, j je eja

ojeao, ooae o oa ao eao
eaoa. a aj eo ja oa aoe
eoaa oaa eeaja oaa, e
oa a aee oaa, ao eo ea
e eo aaa aj oe je. o
aa , je a, a oa
aj oaeo aee, je e o aejao
oaa. e ae, ao eejae aaee
oa, oe je oa, a e a a.

24.2.1. oaa

oaa (Mors cerebri), ooo eoaea oa

(Coma depasse), aaee e oo: e, oao
aa eea oao aa. aea je
oejo, jaee o oeeaja
eoeaje, a ea je Mollaret Goulonjo jo
1959. oe. Oa je a ea ooa a
aaaj a 1967. oe, o je o ooj
oo a aa aeo ejo oja je
oaeaa o aja e aoeao
ja ja eao eo ea.
 | 107

Oo je 1968. oe eoao aa eja

a ae oae , aoa a ajo
ea ja eao eo ea. aj
eaa ja eao eo ea oao je
ooa ea a jao oaa.
aoeao ej a ae
oae.

eo aje, Mohandas Chou 1971. oe oaaj

oe eje a ae oae , oae ao
eoa ej. ea o eja, aj
a ja oao aa, ooa je a jao
oae , je e ae, ao ooe
aaee oa, e ooje e ja oao
aa.

aje o oae ae oee oa,

aoaa aea o oj ooe o eoo
oaa aajao a ejaje oao
aa e oa oo a oe aee
e eaoo ea. ooaa aea
oao ao, aoje eje ae eooje,
ee oe .

oae e a
oao aa: eeo ae, oo oao
aa, ae ee e eaje a eo, oo
oeao eooeao eea, oo
ooe eaje aja eaa a aj oo,
oo eaje a aea j oo
eao oea oe ea aejae
eaje.
 | 108

ae oaa o oa je oo o ajo a
ja oe eo oa, aeo o e
oa ae, oao ao eeaa oa, e
aa eje oae . e oe
jao e ooj ea a oa ajea o
oj ajo eoaje e, ea eoao o aa
ea a.

oe aaj oae je e a je
oa ooa ee oo a aaaj
a oaa: a, a, jee aeaa, je
aaaje o ajaa oea oae e
eae.

24.2.1.1. oaa aaaja eao

oaae je aa o oae , oa
j a, oeo je ea a aj e, oja
eaj e ee o ea o e a.
ea a aj e oe je ooa
a, e, aoa oaao a,
eea eje, aa jee ., e e
o oaa o oaa a a j
aaaj je oeo eao o ee.

o oaae oa ea eo oeje
eoo oaa aaa aeao oaa.

ee eje, ao aj aje oee a o

o a, ae aa aaj oae
eo je ae.
 | 109

24.2.1.2. a o e eja, a
o aa a j e eo ea oe e
a eaaa (e a ee je .
31, 8. A 2005). o oo a, e
ej a ae ooa j e eo ea oe
e a eaaa, jee eoa a
oa ja oaa . Oa e je o
ooa oje e aae ooj o, oje eaj oao
ae, a o oj ooj jao oaa o oj oe a
oja oo ae: oea oa, eeoaaa oe,
eoeoa aaja o jao
oeoaa aoja oa, e e j aa
aaa: oajo, eoo oejo,
eao, eo aae oea.

oaa ooj ao e eeo :

oa oa, oo eea oao aa
oo oao aa oje e oje aea eo.
Oa e je eea, a oo
ajae e a a aja aao o jeo aa, a
oje oee jee o eoa: eee-
aoajo, eoa oejaa, aajao
oeooajo eeao aoajo.

eee aa e a eaa: oo ee
ejaa eooje eoje oo
ee ejaa aeeooje a eaaoojo.
O eea aa aaa e a o
oaoj oo aa oj e a
eoj oeaj, ooo oj oe. ao
ee oaaa e ee o eea aa je
eoa ea jao eoa
oea oaa .
 | 110

24.2.1.3. aoe oja aoe

oja oaea aj eaa ja
oa, eje, oao aa oaa .
a aj o eao ja oa, ajo je
aea ja aa o eao , a e
aje ae e e oae je oaa.

o aja eeo a, oea e eaa

je aa ojaje e eaa oa
aja ja eaoa . aoe, aj
eaa je a oea aaje e aea
ja oa aa ajaa . aj
eaa eaoe je o eeo
aj eaa ajae je, ojeao, oee
o ajo ea oa ja. aaaa e
aj eaa, je oaa eoeo oe ea
a ja aaa ooo a eea
o oo oa a .

aoeeo eaajo oea je oe oa

ee ae je. ee a oo oaae
je ao e e a. a oo je
oea oea eeja o oj
je oo o aje aa eo aoja a. e
oe eee eaaje, a oao oa,
jaoa aoeo ae oaje
oaa.

aoeo aee oe e oe
oojae eoojae ja ojea eja
oea.
 | 111

24.2.3. ooa
O ea oa, aoe oe aea oa
eoa ea, eje ejaa,
oje o ooj oj eaj ojea
ao o a ja, a e e ojeao,
ao e ajeo. oa e a o e aa oe
ea a ja oaaj oe ojae
aae ojae. o oaaa aoe-
ao ja, aao ee ao je e.

ooa eaa oeaa (Mors

cellularis), oaea eaa o ojaa
ejaa. o je oe oj e oaa ee,
oa je a o oe eao oeeaja, ao
a je ea eje eo eo oe.
ooooj o, ojo e a o oje
eaa , oo aje eoe eee
oae eje oje ao e a aee
ooa eaa eja.
 | 112

Al-Mousawi M, Hamed T, Al-Matouk H. Views of Muslim scholars on organ

donation and brain death. Transplant Proc 1997; 29:3217.
American Academy of Neurology. Practice parameters for determining brain death in
adults. Neurology 1995; 45:10124.
American Academy of Pediatrics. Report of special task force: Guidelines for the
determination of brain death in children. Pediatrics 1987; 80:298300.
American Medical Association. Ethical guidelines for organ transplantation. JAMA
1968; 205:8990.
American Medical Association. The use of anencephalic neonates as organ donors.
JAMA 1995; 273:16148.
Bernat Jl A defence of the whole-brain concept of death. Hasting Cent Rep 1998;
28:1423.
Bernstein IM, Watson M, Simmons GM, Catalano PM, Davis G, Collins R.
Maternal brain death and prolonged fetal survival. Obs Ginekol 1989; 74:4347.
Bruno MK, Kimura J. Brain death wordwide: Accepted fact but no global consensus
in diagnostic criteria. Neurology 2002; 59:470
Chandler JM, Brilli RJ. Brainstem encephalitis imitating brain death. Crit Care Med
1991; 19:9779.
Charlton R. Diagnosing death. Br Med J 1996; 313:9567.
Chosh S, Bethune DW, Hardy I, Kneeshaw J, Latimer RD, Oduro A. Managment
of donors
for heart and heart-lung transplantation. Anaesthesia 1990; 45:6725.
Conference of Medical Royal Colleges and Their Faculties in the United Kingdom.
Diagnosis of brain death. Br Med J 1976; 2:11878.
Conference of Medical Royal Colleges and Their Faculties in the United Kingdom.
Diagnosis of death. Br Med J 1979; 1:332.
Cooper DK, Basker M. Physiologic changes following brain death. Transpolant Proc
1999; 31:10012
Dobb GJ, Weekes JW. Clinical confirmation of brain death. Anaesth Intensive Care
1995; 23:3743.
Elliot JM. Brain death. Trauma 2003; 5(1):2342.
Evans DW, Hill DJ. The brain stems of organ donors are not dead. Catholic Med Q
1989; 40:11321.
Field DR, Gates EA, Creasy RK, Jonsen AR, Laros RK. Maternal brain death during
pregnancy. JAMA 1988; 260:81622.
Giacomini M. A change of heart and a change of mind? Technology and the
redefinition of death in 1968. Soc Sci Med 1997; 447:146582.
Grigg MM, Kelly MA, Celesia GG, Ghobrial MW, Ross ER.
Electroencephalagraphic activity after brain death. Arch Neurol 1987; 44:94854.
Halevy A, Brody B. Brain death: Reconciling definitions, criteria and test. An Intern
Med 1993; 119:51925.
 | 113

Hanna JP, Frank JI. Automatic stepping in the pontomedullary stage of central
herniation. Neurology 1995; 45:9856.
Harvard. A definition of ireversibile coma. Report of the Ad Hock Committe of the
Harvard medical school to examine the definition of brain death. JAMA 1968;
205(858):33740.
Haupt WF, Rudolf J. European Brain Death Codes: A comparasion of national
guidlines. J Neurol 1999; 246:4327.
Heytens L, Verlooy J, Gheuenes J, Bossaret L. Lazarus sign and extensor posturing
in brain-dead patient. J Neurosurg 1989; 71:44951.
Hoffenberg R, Lock M, Tilney N et al. Should organs from patients in permanent
vegetative state be used for transplantation. Lancent 1997; 350:2113.
Hoffenberg R. Christian Barnard: His first transplants and their impact on concepts of
death. Br Med J 2001; 323:147880.
Howlett TA, Keogh AM, Perry L, Touzel R, Rees LH. Anterior et posterior pituitary
function
in brain-stem dead donors. Transplantation 1989; 47:82834.
Ivan LP. Spinal reflexes in cerebral death. Neurology 1973; 23:6502.
Iwai A, Sakano T, Uenishi M, Sugimoto H, Yoshioka T, Sugimoto T. Effects of
vasopresin and catecholamines on the maintenance of circulatory stability in brain-dead
patients. Transplantation 1989; 48:6137.
Jones JG, Vuevioe M. Not awake, not asleep, not dead. Intensive Care Med 1992;
18:678.
Kaukinen S, Makela K, Hakkinen VK, Martikainen K. Significance of electrical
brain
activity in brain-stem death. Intensive Care Med 1995; 21:768.
Kerridge IH, Saul P, Lowe M, Mc Phee J, Williams D. Death, dying and donation:
Organ transplantation and the diagnosis of death. J Med Ethics 2002; 28:8994.
Mandel S, Arenas A, Scasta D. Spinal automatism in cerebral death. New Engl Med
1982; 307:501.
Manninen Dl, Evans RW. Public attitudes and behaviour regarding organ donation.
JAMA 1985; 253:31115.
Marti-Masso JF, Suarez J, Lopez-Navidad A, Caballero F, Otermin P.
Decerebrate-like posturing with simulated by gullian-barre syndrome. J Neurol Sci
2000; 120:1157.
Mayer SL. Thoughts on the Jewish perspective regarding organ transplantation. J
Transplant
Coordination 1997; 7:6771.
Milovanovioe M. Sudska medicina. Sedmo pretampano izdanje. Beograd: Medicinska
knjiga Beograd Zagreb; 1975.
Mohands A, Chou SN. Brain death. A clinical and pathological study. J Neurosurg
1971; 35:2118.
Molaret P, Goulon M. A state beyond coma. Preliminary report. Revue Neurologique
1959; 101:315.
Novitzky D. Detrimental effects of brain death on the potential organ donor. Transplant
Proc 1997; 29:37702.
 | 114

Palis C. Further thougs on brainstem death. Anesth Intensive Care 1995; 23:203. Palis
C. Medicine and the Media. Br Med J 1980; 281:1064.
Parisi JE, Kim RC, Collins GF, Hilfinger MF. Brain death with prolonged somatic
survival. New Engl J Med 1982; 306:146.
Popovioe D., Tasioe M., ovljanski M. Sudska medicina. Novi Sad: Medicinski
fakultet; 1983.
Powner DJ, Ackerman BM, Grenvik A. Medical diagnosis of death in adults:
Historical contributions to current controversies. Lancet 1996; 348:121923.
Ringel RA, Riggs JE, Brick JF. Reversibile coma with prolonged absence of papillary
and brain stem reflexes. Neurology 1988; 38:12758.
Robertson KM, Cook DR. Perioperative management of the multiorgan donor. Anesth
Analg 1990; 70:54656.
Ropper AH, Kennedy SK, Russell L. Apnea testing in the diagnosis of brain death. J
Nerosurg 1981; 55:9426.
Ropper AH. Anusual spontaneous movements in brain-death patients. Neurology 1984;
34:108992.
Royal College of Physician. Criteria for the diagnosis of brain stem death. J Roy Coll
Physicians of the London 1995; 29:382.
Siegel JA, Saukko JP, Knupfer CG. Encyclopedia of Forensic Scinences. Academic
Pres: London; 2000.
Taylor AS. Taylor,s principles and practice of medical jurisprudence. 12th ed. London:
J&A Churchill Ltd; 1965.
Taylor RM. Re-examining the definition and criteria of death. Sem Neurol 1997;
17:26570.
Urusaki E, Tokimura, Kumai JI, Yokota A. Preserved spinal dorsal horn potentials in
a brain-dead patient with Lazarus sign. J Neurosurg 1992; 76:7103.