Replication, Transcription, Translation, Mutation Questions

1. DNA polymerase is the enzyme that

a. Unzips the DNA strands
b. Adds new nucleotides to the growing DNA strand
c. Edits the new DNA molecule
d. Ties together new pieces of DNA
2. Differences between DNA and RNA include:
a. DNA is usually double stranded, RNA is usually single stranded
b. The DNA sugar is ribose; the RNA sugar is deoxyribose
c. Thymine is found in the RNA nucleotides; Uracil takes the place of thymine in
DNA
d. All of the above
3. The backbone of the DNA chain is formed of
a. A cytoskeleton and a cell wall
b. The sugar and phosphate groups
c. The protein and nitrogen groups
d. A protein
4. RNA polymerases used for the transcription of genes require a ____ template
a. tRNA
b. DNA
c. RNA
d. mRNA
5. A mutation that changes a codon specifying an amino acid into a stop codon is called a
a. Missense mutation
b. Nonsense mutation
c. Frameshift mutation
d. Deletion mutation
6. Changing the codon ACG to ACA represents a ___ mutation
a. Missense
b. Nonsense
c. Frameshift
d. Deletion
7. Frameshift mutations are caused by
a. Insertion of nucleotides
b. Deletion of nucleotides
c. Substitution of one nucleotide to another
d. A and B
8. Which of the following is not used during translation
a. DNA
b. mRNA
c. tRNA
d. All of the above are used in translation
9. In the below molecule of RNA, the shaded regions are exons while the light regions are
introns. Knowing this, which of the following could NOT be a mature mRNA molecule
after transcription?

a. A molecule composed of A,C,E

b. A molecule composed of C,G
c. A molecule composed of A,B,E
d. All of the above are possible mature mRNA molecules

10. The following diagram shows the protein products that are made with a normal gene
and in an instance when that gene is mutated. What kind of mutation is shown in the
mutated gene?

a. Base substitution
b. Insertion
c. Deletion
d. A&C