Long Test in Science 10

Protein Synthesis
Directions: For each question in this section, select the best answer from among the choices given and fill in the
corresponding circle on the LEFT SIDE.
1. Transcription and translation take place in the 7. Where is the genetic information stored in a
________ and ________, respectively. cell?
A. nucleus; cytoplasm A. Ribosome
B. nucleolus; nucleus B. Nucleus
C. nucleolus; cytoplasm C. Cytoplasm
D. cytoplasm; nucleus D. Endoplasmic reticulum

2. How many “letters” of an RNA molecule, in 8. When does the process of translation begin?
sequence, does it take to provide the code for A. During DNA replication
a single amino acid? B. During transcription
A. 1 C. After mRNA leaves the nucleus
B. 2 D. Before DNA replication
C. 3
D. 4 9. Where are anticodons found in the cell?
A. mRNA
3. Which of the following is not a difference B. rRNA
between DNA and RNA? C. tRNA
A. DNA contains thymine whereas RNA contains D. snRNA
uracil
B. DNA contains deoxyribose and RNA contains 10. Which nucleotide is complementary to adenine
ribose in DNA?
C. DNA contains alternating sugar-phosphate A. Thymine
molecules whereas RNA does not contain B. Cytosine
sugars C. Guanine
D. RNA is single stranded and DNA is double D. Uracil
stranded
11. Where is the information for making proteins
4. Which of the following sequences on a DNA ultimately stored?
molecule would be complementary to A. mRNA
GCTTATAT? B. rRNA
A. TAGGCGCG C. tRNA
B. ATCCGCGC D. DNA
C. CGAATATA
D. TGCCTCTC 12. Which enzyme is responsible for catalyzing the
formation of mRNA during transcription?
5. How many nucleotides are in 12 mRNA codons? A. DNA polymerase
A. 12 B. RNA polymerase
B. 24 C. Helicase
C. 36 D. Ligase
D. 48
13. What is the function of the start codon in
6. Which type of RNA carries amino acids to the translation?
ribosome during translation? A. Initiates transcription
A. mRNA B. Initiates translation
B. rRNA C. Terminates transcription
C. tRNA D. Terminates translation
D. snRNA

1|Long Test in Science 10 (Protein Synthesis)

14. Why is transcription essential in the process of
protein synthesis?
A. To produce amino acids
B. To replicate DNA
C. To synthesize RNA
D. To form nucleotides
15. How do codons contribute to the specificity of
protein synthesis?
A. Determine the start of transcription
B. Code for specific amino acids
C. Signal the end of translation
D. Promote DNA replication
21. Which sequence of nitrogenous bases
complements CCAGGATCAACGATACGG?
22. Which sequence of nitrogenous bases
complements TATGCAATCCTCGTCCTC?
23. Which sequence of nitrogenous bases
complements TTTGGAACCCTCGACGTC?
24. Which sequence of nitrogenous bases
complements GGATCTATTCCTCCGGAT?
25. Which sequence of nitrogenous bases
complements GGATCTAATCGTCCGGAT?

16. How does tRNA facilitate the process of

translation?
A. Carries genetic information
B. Carries amino acids to the ribosome
C. Initiates transcription
D. Initiates replication

17. Why is replication considered a semi-

conservative process?
A. Results in an entirely new DNA molecule
B. Involves the separation of DNA strands
C. Maintains one original and one new DNA
strand
D. Requires the synthesis of RNA molecules

18. Why are amino acids considered the "building

blocks" of proteins?
A. Encode genetic information
B. Form the structure of DNA
C. Connect to form nucleotides
D. Combine to create polypeptide chains

19. Why is the initiation codon (AUG) important in

protein synthesis?
A. Signals the end of translation
B. Marks the beginning of transcription
C. Codes for a specific amino acid
D. Serves as a stop codon

20. Why is the process of translation crucial in the

synthesis of proteins?
A. Initiates DNA replication
B. Converts RNA into DNA
C. Decodes mRNA into a sequence of amino
acids
D. Separates DNA strands during replication

For items 21 – 25, choose the appropriate sequence

of nitrogenous bases in a DNA from the options
below:
A. CCTAGATTAGCAGGCCTA
B. GGTCCTAGTTGCTATGCC
C. AAACCTTGGGAGCTGCAG
D. None of the above

2|Long Test in Science 10 (Protein Synthesis)