Graduation Project

Soil Mechanics and Foundation

Under supervision

Prof.DR. Eng /Mustafa Osman

Prof.DR. Eng /Ali Mohamed Basha

By
Ahmed Abd Elkarim Ibrahim
Unit one

Contents
▪ General description of the system

▪ General Notes

▪ Design of the stairs

▪ Design of the slabs

▪ Design of the Beams

▪ Design of the Columns

▪ Design of the footings

1
 1- General description of the system
o The project consists of 3 floors (ground + 2 Typical)
o The structural system of the ground floor is a flat slab and a height of 4 meters
o The structural system of the Typical floor is a flat and a height of 3 meters
o Type of foundations is isolated Footings 40 cm in thickness

2- General notes
o Unite used (ton/m2, Kg/cm2)
o Using ECP2007 and ECP 2008 Loads
o Using Programs sap2000 and safe
o Using Working method to Design Foundation
o Using ultimate method to Design Other Elements
o For Material

A. Plain Concrete
- Fcu = 200 Kg/cm2 Fc =50 Kg/cm2
B. Reinforced Concrete
- Fcu = 300 Kg/cm2 Fc =70 Kg/cm2
C. Steel Rebar
▪ High Tensile steel  Fy=360 Kg/cm2 Fs =2200 Kg/cm2
▪ Normal Tensile steel  Fy=240 Kg/cm2 Fs =1800 Kg/cm2

2
 3- Design of the stair
i. Loads
Live Load=300 Kg/m2 Floor covering =250/m2

1.5
𝑡 = 25𝑐𝑚 𝑏 = 100 𝜃 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 ( ) = 48𝑜
1.35
𝑊𝑢 → 𝐻𝑧 = 1.5(𝛾𝑐 ∗ 𝑡 + 𝐹𝑐 + 𝐿𝐿) = 1.5 ∗ (2.5 ∗ 0.25 + 0.25 + 0.3) = 1.76 𝑡/𝑚2
𝛾𝑐 ∗ 𝑡𝑎𝑣 2.5 ∗ 0.27
𝑊𝑢 → 𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑑 = 1.5 ( + 𝐹𝑐 + 𝐿𝐿) = 1.5 ∗ ( + 0.25 + 0.3)
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 cos(48)
= 2.4 𝑡/𝑚2

ii. Straining action

𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑝 1 − 1

→ 𝑅1 = 1.7 𝑡𝑜𝑛

1.76 ∗ 1.952
𝑀= = 0.83 𝑡. 𝑚 → 𝑢𝑠𝑒 5∅10/𝑚
8
𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑝 3 − 3

→ 𝑅2 = 1.67 𝑡𝑜𝑛

2.4 ∗ 1.352
𝑀= = 0.54 𝑡. 𝑚 → 𝑢𝑠𝑒 5∅10/𝑚
8
𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑝 4 − 4

𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑠𝑎𝑝2000 𝑀𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 10.06 𝑡. 𝑚

3
iii. Design of sections
𝑡 = 25𝑐𝑚 𝑏 = 100

10.06 ∗ 105
23 = 𝑐1√ → 𝐶1 = 3.97 → 𝑗 = 0.8
30 ∗ 100

𝑀 ∗ 105 10.06 ∗ 105 𝑐𝑚2

𝐴𝑠 = = = 15.8 𝑢𝑠𝑒 8∅18/𝑚
𝐹𝑐𝑢 ∗ 𝑏 3600 ∗ 0.8 ∗ 23 𝑚

4
 4- Design of the slabs
i- Loads
Live Load=250 Kg/m2 Floor covering =150/m2

ii- Straining action and Design

Using safe to analyses and Design the slab
▪
Strips Forces

Strip x

5
 Strip y
M11

▪
M22

𝑢𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 6∅12 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝐵𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑚 𝑚𝑒𝑠ℎ

6
𝑢𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 6∅10 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑢𝑝𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑚𝑒𝑠ℎ

iii- Strips design

Strip x and y Bottom

The slab does not need to additional rebar on Bottom

7
 Strip x upper

Strip y upper

8
 iv- Checks

a- Cracks

The allowable crack thickness from ECP =0.3 mm ok safe

b- Punching

9
The maximum ratio =0.48 > 1ok safe

c- Deflection

The maximum =0.016m > L/250=4.5/250=0.018mok safe

10
 5- Design of the beams
a- Staining action

b- Design of section

11
 6-Design of columns
𝑃𝑢 = 0.35𝐹𝑐𝑢𝐴𝑐 + 0.67𝐹𝑦𝐴𝑠𝑐 → 𝐴𝑠𝑐 = 0.01𝐴𝑐

check of Buckling
𝐾𝐻𝑜
𝜆=
𝑏𝑜𝑟𝑡
𝐾 → 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑑𝑒𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑑 𝑜𝑛 𝑒𝑛𝑑 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑡𝑜𝑛 → 𝑓𝑖𝑥𝑒𝑑 = 1.2
𝐻𝑜 → 𝑐𝑙𝑒𝑎𝑟 𝐻𝑒𝑖𝑔𝑡 → 𝐻𝑜 = 4 − 0.25 = 3.75𝑚
𝐹𝑜𝑟 𝑢𝑛 𝑏𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑑 10 < 𝜆 < 23
𝑀= 𝑃∗𝛿 Using interaction diagram
2
(𝜆 ∗ 𝑏 𝑜𝑟 𝑡)
𝛿= Fy=360N/mm2
2000
𝑀𝑢
𝑒= ᾲ=1
𝑁𝑢
𝑁𝑢 ∗ 1000 ὲ=1
𝐾𝑢 =
𝐹𝑐𝑢 ∗ 𝑏 ∗ 𝑡
𝑒 𝑀𝑢 ∗ 105
𝐾∗( )=
𝑡 𝐹𝑐𝑢 ∗ 𝑏 ∗ 𝑡 2

12
13
7- Design of Footings
Fcu =250 kg/cm2 K1=0.347 qpall=8kg/cm2
fy = 3600kg/cm2 k2=1793 q ball=12kg/cm2
Fs=2000 kg/cm2 qan= 1.2 kg/cm2 q shall=6kg/cm2

Footing (1)

1- Area footing
p= 30 ton
𝑝 30
A= = = 2.5 𝑚2
𝑞𝑎𝑛 12

b=30 cm ⟶ a=50 cm
A=B*L=(b+2c)(a+2c)
2.5=(0.3+2c)(0.5+2c)
C=0.6
B=1.5m L=1.7m
𝑝 30
𝑞𝑎𝑐𝑡 = = = 11.67𝑡𝑜𝑛/𝑚2
𝐴 1.5 ∗ 1.7

2- Bending moment
𝑐2 0.6 2
M=𝑞𝑎𝑐𝑡 ∗ ∗ 1 = 11.67 ∗ ∗ 1 = 2.1𝑡𝑜𝑛. 𝑚
2 2
𝑀 2.1∗10 5
d=𝑘1 √ = 0.347√ = 15.9 𝑐𝑚
𝑏 100
take d=33cm ⇢ t = 40 cm

3- Check of shear
Qs =𝑞𝑎𝑐𝑡 ∗ (𝑐 − 𝑑 ) ∗ 1 = 11.67 ∗ (0.6 − 0.33) = 3.15 𝑡𝑜𝑛
𝑄𝑠 3.15∗10 3
qs h = = = 1𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 < 6 𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 ⇢ 𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒
𝑏𝑑 100∗33

14
 4- Check of shear punching
Qp =𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑙 − 𝑞𝑎𝑐𝑡 (𝑎 + 𝑑 )(𝑏 + 𝑑 )
= 30 − 11.67(0.3 + 0.33)(0.5 + 0.33) = 23.9𝑡𝑜𝑛
𝑄𝑏 23.9∗10 3
qb= = = 2.48 < 8𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2
2 (𝑎+𝑏++2𝑑) 𝑑 2 (30+50+2∗33 )33
⇢ 𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒

5- Area of steel
𝑀 2.1 ∗ 105
𝐴𝑠 = = = 3.54𝑐𝑚2 /𝑚
𝑘2 ∗ 𝑑 1793 ∗ 33
0.2 0.2
As mi n = ∗ 𝐴𝑐 = ∗ 100 ∗ 33 = 6.6𝑐𝑚2 /𝑚 ⇢ 𝑢𝑠𝑒 𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑖 = (6∅12)/𝑚
100 100

6- check of bond
Qb=𝑞𝑎𝑐𝑡 ∗ 𝑐 ∗ 1 = 11.67 ∗ 0.6 ∗ 1 = 7 ton
𝑄𝑏 7∗10 3
qb = = = 10.77𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 < 12𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 ⇢ 𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒
0.87𝜀𝑜𝑑 0.87∗6∗𝜋∗1.2∗33

7- check anchorage bond

𝑙𝑑 ∗ 𝑜 ∗ 𝑞𝑏 = 𝑓𝑠 ∗ 𝐴𝑠
𝜋
𝑓 ∗𝐴 𝑠 2000∗( )∗1.2 2
Ld = 𝑠 = 4
= 50 𝑐𝑚 < 60𝑐𝑚 ⇢ 𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒
𝑞𝑏 ∗𝑜 𝜋 ∗1.2∗12

Footing (2)

1- Area footing
p= 37 ton
𝑝 37
A= = = 3.08𝑚2
𝑞𝑎𝑛 12

b=30 cm ⟶ a=50 cm
A=B*L=(b+2c)(a+2c)
3.08=(0.3+2c)(0.6+2c)
C=0.7
B=1.7m L=1.9m

15
 𝑝 37
𝑞𝑎𝑐𝑡 = = = 11.45 𝑡𝑜𝑛/𝑚2
𝐴 1.7 ∗ 1.9

2- Bending moment
𝑐2 0.7 2
M=𝑞𝑎𝑐𝑡 ∗ ∗ 1 = 11.45 ∗ ∗ 1 = 2.8𝑡𝑜𝑛. 𝑚
2 2
𝑀 2.8∗10 5
d=𝑘1 √ = 0.347√ = 18.36 𝑐𝑚
𝑏 100
take d=33cm ⇢ t = 40 cm

3- Check of shear
Qs =𝑞𝑎𝑐𝑡 ∗ (𝑐 − 𝑑 ) ∗ 1 = 11.45 ∗ (0.7 − 0.33) = 4.24 𝑡𝑜𝑛
𝑄𝑠 4.24∗10 3
qs h = = = 1.28𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 < 6 𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 ⇢ 𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒
𝑏𝑑 100∗33

4- Check of shear punching

Qp =𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑙 − 𝑞𝑎𝑐𝑡 (𝑎 + 𝑑 )(𝑏 + 𝑑 )
= 37 − 11.45(0.3 + 0.33)(0.5 + 0.33) = 31.01 𝑡𝑜𝑛
𝑄𝑏 31.01∗10 3
qb= = = 3.2 < 8𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2
2 (𝑎+𝑏++2𝑑) 𝑑 2 (30+50+2∗33 )33
⇢ 𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒

5- Area of steel
𝑀 2.8 ∗ 105
𝐴𝑠 = = = 4.7𝑐𝑚2 /𝑚
𝑘2 ∗ 𝑑 1793 ∗ 33
0.2 0.2
As mi n = ∗ 𝐴𝑐 = ∗ 100 ∗ 33 = 6.6𝑐𝑚2 /𝑚 ⇢ 𝑢𝑠𝑒 𝐴𝑠 = (7∅12)/𝑚
100 100

6- check of bond
Qb=𝑞𝑎𝑐𝑡 ∗ 𝑐 ∗ 1 = 11.45 ∗ 0.7 ∗ 1 = 8.01 ton
𝑄𝑏 8.01∗10 3
qb = = = 10.6𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 < 12𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 ⇢ 𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒
0.87𝜀𝑜𝑑 0.87∗7∗𝜋∗1.2∗33

7- check anchorage bond

16
 𝑙𝑑 ∗ 𝑜 ∗ 𝑞𝑏 = 𝑓𝑠 ∗ 𝐴𝑠
𝜋
𝑓 ∗𝐴 𝑠 2000∗( )∗1.2 2
Ld = 𝑠 = 4
= 50 𝑐𝑚 < 81𝑐𝑚 ⇢ 𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒
𝑞𝑏 ∗𝑜 𝜋 ∗1.2∗12

Footing (3)

1- Area footing
p= 42 ton
𝑝 42
A= = = 3.5 𝑚2
𝑞𝑎𝑛 12

b=30 cm ⟶ a=50 cm
b=0.6a ⟶ B=0.6L
A=B*L=0.6L2
3.5=0.6L2
B=1.5m L=2.4m
𝑝 42
𝑞𝑎𝑐𝑡 = = = 11.67 𝑡𝑜𝑛/𝑚2
𝐴 1.5 ∗ 2.4

2- Bending moment
𝑙−𝑎 2.4−0.5 𝐵−𝑏 1.5−0.3
C1= = = 0.95 𝑚 C2= = = 0.6 𝑚
2 2 2 2
𝑐2 0.95 2
M11=𝑞𝑎𝑐𝑡 ∗ 1
∗ 1 = 11.67 ∗ ∗ 1 = 5.26 𝑡𝑜𝑛. 𝑚
2 2
𝑐2 0.6 2
M22=𝑞𝑎𝑐𝑡 ∗ 2
∗ 1 = 11.67 ∗ ∗ 1 = 2.01 𝑡𝑜𝑛. 𝑚
2 2
Mmax=5.26 ton.m
𝑀 5.26∗105
d=𝑘1 √ = 0.347√ = 25.16 𝑐𝑚
𝑏 100

take d=33cm ⇢ t = 40 cm

3- Check of shear
Qs11=𝑞𝑎𝑐𝑡 ∗ (𝑐1 − 𝑑 ) ∗ 1 = 11.67 ∗ (0.95 − 0.33) = 7.23 𝑡𝑜𝑛
Qs22=𝑞𝑎𝑐𝑡 ∗ (𝑐2 − 𝑑 ) ∗ 1 = 11.67 ∗ (0.6 − 0.33) = 3.15 𝑡𝑜𝑛
Qmax=7.23

17
 𝑄𝑚𝑎𝑥 7.23∗10 3 2.19𝑘𝑔 𝑘𝑔
qsh= = = <6 ⇢ 𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒
𝑏𝑑 100∗33 𝑐𝑚2 𝑐𝑚2

4- check of shear punching

Qp=𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑙 − 𝑞𝑎𝑐𝑡 (𝑎 + 𝑑 )(𝑏 + 𝑑 )

= 42 − 11.67(0.3 + 0.33)(0.5 + 0.33) = 35.9𝑡𝑜𝑛

𝑄𝑏 35.9∗10 3
qb= = = 3.7𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 < 8𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2
2 (𝑎+𝑏++2𝑑) 𝑑 2 (30+50+2∗33 )33
⇢ 𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒

5- Area of steel
𝑀11 5.26 ∗ 105
𝐴𝑠1 = = = 9.16/𝑚 ⇢ 𝑢𝑠𝑒(9∅12)/𝑚
𝑘2 ∗ 𝑑 1739 ∗ 33
𝑀22 2.01 ∗ 105
𝐴𝑠2 = = = 3.5𝑐𝑚2 /𝑚
𝑘2 ∗ 𝑑 1739 ∗ 33
0.2 0 .2
Asmin= ∗ 𝐴𝑐 = ∗ 100 ∗ 33 = 6.6𝑐𝑚2 /𝑚 ⇢ 𝑢𝑠𝑒 𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑖 = (6∅12)/𝑚
100 100

6- Check of shear
Qb1 =𝑞𝑎𝑐𝑡 ∗ 𝑐1 ∗ 1 = 11.67 ∗ 0.95 ∗ 1 = 11.08 ton
Qb2 =𝑞𝑎𝑐𝑡 ∗ 𝑐2 ∗ 1 = 11.67 ∗ 0.6 ∗ 1 = 7 ton
𝑄𝑏 1 11.08∗10 3
qb1= = = 11.36𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 > 12𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 ⇢ 𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒
0.87𝜀𝑜𝑑 0.87∗9∗𝜋∗1.2∗33
𝑄𝑏 2 7∗10 3
qb2= = = 10.77𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 > 12𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 ⇢ 𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒
0.87𝜀𝑜𝑑 0.87∗6∗𝜋∗1.2∗33

7- check anchorage bond

𝑙𝑑 ∗ 𝑜 ∗ 𝑞𝑏 = 𝑓𝑠 ∗ 𝐴𝑠
𝜋
𝑓𝑠 ∗𝐴 𝑠 2000∗( )∗1.2 2
Ld1 = = 4
= 50 𝑐𝑚 < 60` ⇢ 𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒
𝑞𝑏 ∗𝑜 𝜋 ∗1.2∗12

18
Footing (3 dash)

1- Area footing
p= 42 ton
𝑝 42
A= = = 3.5 𝑚2
𝑞𝑎𝑛 12

b=42 cm ⟶ a=50 cm
A=B*L=(b+2c)(a+2c)
3.5=(0.3+2c)(0.5+2c)
C=0.75
B=1.8m L=2m
𝑝 42
𝑞𝑎𝑐𝑡 = = = 11.67𝑡𝑜𝑛/𝑚2
𝐴 1.8 ∗ 2

2- Bending moment
𝑐2 0.75 2
M=𝑞𝑎𝑐𝑡 ∗ ∗ 1 = 11.67 ∗ ∗ 1 = 3.28𝑡𝑜𝑛. 𝑚
2 2
𝑀 3.28∗10 5
d=𝑘1 √ = 0.347√ = 19.8 𝑐𝑚
𝑏 100
take d=33cm ⇢ t = 40 cm

3- Check of shear
Qs =𝑞𝑎𝑐𝑡 ∗ (𝑐 − 𝑑 ) ∗ 1 = 11.67 ∗ (0.75 − 0.33) = 4.9𝑡𝑜𝑛
𝑄𝑠 4.9∗10 3
qs h = = = 1.5𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 < 6 𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 ⇢ 𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒
𝑏𝑑 100∗33

4- Check of shear punching

Qp =𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑙 − 𝑞𝑎𝑐𝑡 (𝑎 + 𝑑 )(𝑏 + 𝑑 )
= 42 − 11.67(0.3 + 0.33)(0.5 + 0.33) = 35.9𝑡𝑜𝑛

19
 𝑄𝑏 35.9∗10 3
qb= = = 3.44 < 8𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2
2 (𝑎+𝑏++2𝑑) 𝑑 2 (42+50+2∗33 )33
⇢ 𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒

5- Area of steel
𝑀 3.28 ∗ 105
𝐴𝑠 = = = 5.54𝑐𝑚2 /𝑚
𝑘2 ∗ 𝑑 1793 ∗ 33
0.2 0.2
As mi n = ∗ 𝐴𝑐 = ∗ 100 ∗ 33 = 6.6𝑐𝑚2 /𝑚 ⇢ 𝑢𝑠𝑒 𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑖 = (7∅12)/𝑚
100 100

6- check of bond
Qb=𝑞𝑎𝑐𝑡 ∗ 𝑐 ∗ 1 = 11.67 ∗ 0.75 ∗ 1 = 8.75 ton
𝑄𝑏 8.75∗10 3
qb = = = 11.54𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 < 12𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 ⇢ 𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒
0.87𝜀𝑜𝑑 0.87∗7∗𝜋∗1.2∗33

7- check anchorage bond

𝑙𝑑 ∗ 𝑜 ∗ 𝑞𝑏 = 𝑓𝑠 ∗ 𝐴𝑠
𝜋
𝑓 ∗𝐴 𝑠 2000∗( )∗1.2 2
Ld = 𝑠 = 4
= 50 𝑐𝑚 < 75𝑐𝑚 ⇢ 𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒
𝑞𝑏 ∗𝑜 𝜋 ∗1.2∗12

Footing (4)

1- Area footing
p= 47.34 ton
𝑝 47.34
A= = = 3.945 𝑚2
𝑞𝑎𝑛 12

b=30 cm ⟶ a=50 cm
A=B*L=(b+2c)(a+2c)
3.945=(0.3+2c)(0.5+2c)
C=0.8
B=1.9m L=2.1m
𝑝 47.34
𝑞𝑎𝑐𝑡 = = = 11.86𝑡𝑜𝑛/𝑚2
𝐴 2.1 ∗ 1.9

2- Bending moment

20
 𝑐2 0.8 2
M=𝑞𝑎𝑐𝑡 ∗ ∗ 1 = 11.86 ∗ ∗ 1 = 2.14𝑡𝑜𝑛. 𝑚
2 2
𝑀 2.14∗10 5
d=𝑘1 √ = 0.347√ = 16.05 𝑐𝑚
𝑏 100
take d=33cm ⇢ t = 40 cm

3- Check of shear
Qs =𝑞𝑎𝑐𝑡 ∗ (𝑐 − 𝑑 ) ∗ 1 = 11.86 ∗ (0.8 − 0.33) = 5.57 𝑡𝑜𝑛
𝑄𝑠 5.57∗10 3
qs h = = = 1.68𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 < 6 𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 ⇢ 𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒
𝑏𝑑 100∗33

4- Check of shear punching

Qp =𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑙 − 𝑞𝑎𝑐𝑡 (𝑎 + 𝑑 )(𝑏 + 𝑑 )
= 47.34 − 11.86(0.3 + 0.33)(0.5 + 0.33) = 40.39𝑡𝑜𝑛
𝑄𝑏 40.39∗10 3
qb= = = 4.19 < 8𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2
2 (𝑎+𝑏++2𝑑) 𝑑 2 (30+50+2∗33 )33
⇢ 𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒

5- Area of steel
𝑀 2.14 ∗ 105
𝐴𝑠 = = = 3.7𝑐𝑚2 /𝑚
𝑘2 ∗ 𝑑 1739 ∗ 33
0.2 0.2
As mi n = ∗ 𝐴𝑐 = ∗ 100 ∗ 33 = 6.6𝑐𝑚2 /𝑚 ⇢ 𝑢𝑠𝑒 𝐴𝑠 = (8∅12)/𝑚
100 100

6- check of bond
Qb=𝑞𝑎𝑐𝑡 ∗ 𝑐 ∗ 1 = 11.86 ∗ 0.8 ∗ 1 = 8.5 ton
𝑄𝑏 8.5∗10 3
qb = = = 10.95𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 < 12𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 ⇢ 𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒
0.87𝜀𝑜𝑑 0.87∗8∗𝜋∗1.2∗33

7- check anchorage bond

𝑙𝑑 ∗ 𝑜 ∗ 𝑞𝑏 = 𝑓𝑠 ∗ 𝐴𝑠
𝜋
𝑓 ∗𝐴 𝑠 2000∗( )∗1.2 2
Ld = 𝑠 = 4
= 50 𝑐𝑚 < 80𝑐𝑚 ⇢ 𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒
𝑞𝑏 ∗𝑜 𝜋 ∗1.2∗12

21
Footing (5)

1- Area footing
p= 52.67 ton
𝑝 52.67
A= = = 4.38 𝑚2
𝑞𝑎𝑛 12

b=30 cm ⟶ a=50 cm
A=B*L=(b+2c)(a+2c)
4.38=(0.3+2c)(0.5+2c)
C=0.85
B=2m L=2.2m
𝑝 52.67
𝑞𝑎𝑐𝑡 = = = 11.97𝑡𝑜𝑛/𝑚2
𝐴 2 ∗ 2.2

2- Bending moment
𝑐2 0.85 2
M=𝑞𝑎𝑐𝑡 ∗ ∗ 1 = 11.97 ∗ ∗ 1 = 4.32𝑡𝑜𝑛. 𝑚
2 2
𝑀 4.32∗10 5
d=𝑘1 √ = 0.347√ = 22.8 𝑐𝑚
𝑏 100
take d=33cm ⇢ t = 40 cm

3- Check of shear
Qs =𝑞𝑎𝑐𝑡 ∗ (𝑐 − 𝑑 ) ∗ 1 = 11.97 ∗ (0.85 − 0.33) = 6.22 𝑡𝑜𝑛
𝑄𝑠 6.22∗10 3
qs h = = = 1.88𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 < 6 𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 ⇢ 𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒
𝑏𝑑 100∗33

22
 .Check of shear punching
Qp =𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑙 − 𝑞𝑎𝑐𝑡 (𝑎 + 𝑑 )(𝑏 + 𝑑 )
= 52.67 − 11.97(0.3 + 0.33)(0.5 + 0.33) = 46.4 𝑡𝑜𝑛
𝑄𝑏 46.4∗10 3
qb= = = 4.8 < 8𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2
2 (𝑎+𝑏++2𝑑) 𝑑 2 (30+50+2∗33 )33
⇢ 𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒

4- Area of steel
𝑀 4.32 ∗ 105
𝐴𝑠 = = = 7.3/𝑚
𝑘2 ∗ 𝑑 1793 ∗ 33
0.2 0.2
As mi n = ∗ 𝐴𝑐 = ∗ 100 ∗ 33 = 6.6𝑐𝑚2 /𝑚 ⇢ 𝑢𝑠𝑒 𝐴𝑠 = (8∅12)/𝑚
100 100

5- check of bond
Qb=𝑞𝑎𝑐𝑡 ∗ 𝑐 ∗ 1 = 11.97 ∗ 0.85 ∗ 1 = 10.17 ton
𝑄𝑏 10.17∗10 3
qb = = = 11.7𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 < 12𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 ⇢ 𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒
0.87𝜀𝑜𝑑 0.87∗8∗𝜋∗1.2∗33

6- check anchorage bond

𝑙𝑑 ∗ 𝑜 ∗ 𝑞𝑏 = 𝑓𝑠 ∗ 𝐴𝑠
𝜋
𝑓 ∗𝐴 𝑠 2000∗( )∗1.2 2
Ld = 𝑠 = 4
= 50 𝑐𝑚 < 85𝑐𝑚 ⇢ 𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒
𝑞𝑏 ∗𝑜 𝜋 ∗1.2∗12

Footing (6)

1- Area footing
p= 58 ton
𝑝 58
A= = = 4.83 𝑚2
𝑞𝑎𝑛 12

b=30 cm ⟶ a=50 cm
A=B*L=(b+2c)(a+2c)
4.83=(0.3+2c)(0.5+2c)
C=0.9
B=2.1m L=2.3m

23
 𝑝 58
𝑞𝑎𝑐𝑡 = = = 11.99𝑡𝑜𝑛/𝑚2
𝐴 2.15 ∗ 2.3

2- Bending moment
𝑐2 0.92
M=𝑞𝑎𝑐𝑡 ∗ ∗ 1 = 11.99 ∗ ∗ 1 = 4.85𝑡𝑜𝑛. 𝑚
2 2
𝑀 4.85∗10 5
d=𝑘1 √ = 0.347√ = 24.16𝑐𝑚
𝑏 100
take d=33cm ⇢ t = 40 cm

3- Check of shear
Qs =𝑞𝑎𝑐𝑡 ∗ (𝑐 − 𝑑 ) ∗ 1 = 11.99 ∗ (0.9 − 0.33) = 6.7 𝑡𝑜𝑛
𝑄𝑠 6.67∗10 3
qs h = = = 2.03𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 < 6 𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 ⇢ 𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒
𝑏𝑑 100∗33

.
4- Check of shear punching
Qp =𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑙 − 𝑞𝑎𝑐𝑡 (𝑎 + 𝑑 )(𝑏 + 𝑑 )
= 59.34 − 11.99(0.3 + 0.33)(0.5 + 0.33) = 53.07 𝑡𝑜𝑛
𝑄𝑏 53.07∗10 3
qb= = = 5.5 < 8𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2
2 (𝑎+𝑏++2𝑑) 𝑑 2 (30+50+2∗33 )33
⇢ 𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒

5- Area of steel
𝑀 4.85 ∗ 105
𝐴𝑠 = = = 8.19/𝑚
𝑘2 ∗ 𝑑 1793 ∗ 33
0.2 0.2
As mi n = ∗ 𝐴𝑐 = ∗ 100 ∗ 33 = 6.6𝑐𝑚2 /𝑚 ⇢ 𝑢𝑠𝑒 𝐴𝑠 = (9∅12)/𝑚
100 100

6- check of bond
Qb=𝑞𝑎𝑐𝑡 ∗ 𝑐 ∗ 1 = 11.99 ∗ 0.9 ∗ 1 = 10.97 ton
𝑄𝑏 10.97∗10 3
qb = = = 11.26𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 < 12𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 ⇢ 𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒
0.87𝜀𝑜𝑑 0.87∗9∗𝜋∗1.2∗33

7- check anchorage bond

24
 𝑙𝑑 ∗ 𝑜 ∗ 𝑞𝑏 = 𝑓𝑠 ∗ 𝐴𝑠
𝜋
𝑓 ∗𝐴 𝑠 2000∗( )∗1.2 2
Ld = 𝑠 = 4
= 50 𝑐𝑚 < 107.5𝑐𝑚 ⇢ 𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒
𝑞𝑏 ∗𝑜 𝜋 ∗1.2∗12

Footing (7)

1- Area footing
p= 67.34 ton
𝑝 67.34
A= = = 5.6 𝑚2
𝑞𝑎𝑛 12

b=30 cm ⟶ a=50 cm
A=B*L=(b+2c)(a+2c)
5.6=(0.3+2c)(0.5+2c)
C=1
B=2.3m L=2.5m
𝑝 67.34
𝑞𝑎𝑐𝑡 = = = 11.73𝑡𝑜𝑛/𝑚2
𝐴 2.3 ∗ 2.5

2- Bending moment
𝑐2 12
M=𝑞𝑎𝑐𝑡 ∗ ∗ 1 = 11.73 ∗ ∗ 1 = 5.8𝑡𝑜𝑛. 𝑚
2 2
𝑀 5.8∗10 5
d=𝑘1 √ = 0.347√ = 26.4𝑐𝑚
𝑏 100
take d=33cm ⇢ t = 40 cm

3- Check of shear
Qs =𝑞𝑎𝑐𝑡 ∗ (𝑐 − 𝑑 ) ∗ 1 = 11.73 ∗ (1 − 0.33) = 7.85 𝑡𝑜𝑛
𝑄𝑠 7.85∗10 3
qs h = = = 2.4𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 < 6 𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 ⇢ 𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒
𝑏𝑑 100∗33

25
 4- Check of shear punching
Qp =𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑙 − 𝑞𝑎𝑐𝑡 (𝑎 + 𝑑 )(𝑏 + 𝑑 )
= 67.34 − 11.73(0.3 + 0.33)(0.5 + 0.33) = 61.2 𝑡𝑜𝑛
𝑄𝑏 61.2∗10 3
qb= = = 6.4 < 8𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2
2 (𝑎+𝑏++2𝑑) 𝑑 2 (30+50+2∗33 )33
⇢ 𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒
5- Area of steel
𝑀 5.8 ∗ 105
𝐴𝑠 = = = 9/𝑚
𝑘2 ∗ 𝑑 1793 ∗ 33
0.2 0.2
As mi n = ∗ 𝐴𝑐 = ∗ 100 ∗ 33 = 6.6𝑐𝑚2 /𝑚 ⇢ 𝑢𝑠𝑒 𝐴𝑠 = (10∅12)/𝑚
100 100

6- check of bond
Qb=𝑞𝑎𝑐𝑡 ∗ 𝑐 ∗ 1 = 11.73 ∗ 1 ∗ 1 = 11.73 ton
𝑄𝑏 11.73∗10 3
qb = = = 10.8𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 < 12𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 ⇢ 𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒
0.87𝜀𝑜𝑑 0.87∗10∗𝜋∗1.2∗33

7- check anchorage bond

𝑙𝑑 ∗ 𝑜 ∗ 𝑞𝑏 = 𝑓𝑠 ∗ 𝐴𝑠
𝜋
𝑓 ∗𝐴 𝑠 2000∗( )∗1.2 2
Ld = 𝑠 = 4
= 50 𝑐𝑚 < 100𝑐𝑚 ⇢ 𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒
𝑞𝑏 ∗𝑜 𝜋 ∗1.2∗12

Footing (8)

1- Area footing
p= 76.67 ton
𝑝 76.67
A= = = 6.38 𝑚2
𝑞𝑎𝑛 12

b=30 cm ⟶ a=50 cm
A=B*L=(b+2c)(a+2c)
6.38=(0.3+2c)(0.5+2c)

26
 C=1.075
B=2.45m L=2.65m
𝑝 76.67
𝑞𝑎𝑐𝑡 = = = 11.8𝑡𝑜𝑛/𝑚2
𝐴 2.45 ∗ 2.65

2- Bending moment
𝑐2 1.0752
M=𝑞𝑎𝑐𝑡 ∗ ∗ 1 = 11.8 ∗ ∗ 1 = 6.8𝑡𝑜𝑛. 𝑚
2 2
𝑀 6.8∗1.075 5
d=𝑘1.075√ = 0.347√ = 28.6𝑐𝑚
𝑏 1.07500
take d=33cm ⇢ t = 40 cm

3- Check of shear
Qs =𝑞𝑎𝑐𝑡 ∗ (𝑐 − 𝑑 ) ∗ 1.075 = 11.8 ∗ (1.075 − 0.33) = 8.8 𝑡𝑜𝑛
𝑄𝑠 8.8∗10 3
qs h = = = 2.9𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 < 6 𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 ⇢ 𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒
𝑏𝑑 100∗33

4- Check of shear punching

Qp =𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑙 − 𝑞𝑎𝑐𝑡 (𝑎 + 𝑑 )(𝑏 + 𝑑 )
= 76.67 − 11.8(0.3 + 0.33)(0.5 + 0.33) = 59.4 𝑡𝑜𝑛
𝑄𝑏 59.4∗10 3
qb= = = 6.16 < 8𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2
2 (𝑎+𝑏++2𝑑) 𝑑 2 (30+50+2∗33 )33
⇢ 𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒

5- Area of steel
𝑀 6.8 ∗ 105
𝐴𝑠 = = = 11.9𝑐𝑚2 /𝑚
𝑘2 ∗ 𝑑 1793 ∗ 33
0.2 0.2
As mi n = ∗ 𝐴𝑐 = 100 ∗ 33 = 6.6𝑐𝑚2 /𝑚 ⇢ 𝑢𝑠𝑒 𝐴𝑠 = (11∅12)/𝑚
100 1.07500

6- check of bond
Qb=𝑞𝑎𝑐𝑡 ∗ 𝑐 ∗ 1.075 = 11.8 ∗ 100 ∗ 1 = 12.7 ton

27
 𝑄𝑏 12.7∗10 3
qb = = = 10.66𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 < 12𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 ⇢ 𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒
0.87𝜀𝑜𝑑 0.87∗8∗𝜋∗1.6∗33

7- check anchorage bond

𝑙𝑑 ∗ 𝑜 ∗ 𝑞𝑏 = 𝑓𝑠 ∗ 𝐴𝑠
𝜋
𝑓 ∗𝐴 𝑠 2000∗( )∗12 2
Ld = 𝑠 = 4
= 50 𝑐𝑚 < 107.5𝑐𝑚 ⇢ 𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒
𝑞𝑏 ∗𝑜 𝜋∗12∗12

Footing (9)

1- Area footing
p= 86 ton
𝑝 86
A= = = 7.16 𝑚2
𝑞𝑎𝑛 12

b=30 cm ⟶ a=50 cm
A=B*L=(b+2c)(a+2c)
7.16=(0.3+2c)(0.5+2c)
C=1.15
B=2.6m L=2.8m
𝑝 86
𝑞𝑎𝑐𝑡 = = = 11.8𝑡𝑜𝑛/𝑚2
𝐴 2.6 ∗ 2.8

2- Bending moment
𝑐2 1.15 2
M=𝑞𝑎𝑐𝑡 ∗ ∗ 1 = 11.8 ∗ ∗ 1 = 7.8𝑡𝑜𝑛. 𝑚
2 2
𝑀 7.8∗10 5
d=𝑘1 √ = 0.347√ = 30.6𝑐𝑚
𝑏 100
take d=43cm ⇢ t = 50 cm

3- Check of shear
Qs =𝑞𝑎𝑐𝑡 ∗ (𝑐 − 𝑑 ) ∗ 1 = 11.8 ∗ (1.15 − 0.43) = 9.67 𝑡𝑜𝑛

28
 𝑄𝑠 9.67∗10 3
qs h = = = 2.24𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 < 6 𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 ⇢ 𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒
𝑏𝑑 100∗43

4- Check of shear punching

Qp =𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑙 − 𝑞𝑎𝑐𝑡 (𝑎 + 𝑑 )(𝑏 + 𝑑 )
= 86 − 11.8(0.3 + 0.43)(0.5 + 0.43) = 77.9 𝑡𝑜𝑛
𝑄𝑏 77.9∗10 3
qb= = = 5.45 < 8𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2
2 (𝑎+𝑏++2𝑑) 𝑑 2 (30+50+2∗43 )43
⇢ 𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒

5- Area of steel
𝑀 7.8 ∗ 105
𝐴𝑠 = = = 10.11/𝑚
𝑘2 ∗ 𝑑 1793 ∗ 43
0.2 0.2
As mi n = ∗ 𝐴𝑐 = ∗ 100 ∗ 43 = 8.6𝑐𝑚2 /𝑚 ⇢ 𝑢𝑠𝑒 𝐴𝑠 = (10∅12)/𝑚
100 100

6- check of bond
Qb=𝑞𝑎𝑐𝑡 ∗ 𝑐 ∗ 1 = 11.8 ∗ 1.15 ∗ 1 = 13.57 ton
𝑄𝑏 13.57∗10 3
qb = = = 9.6𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 < 12𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 ⇢ 𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒
0.87𝜀𝑜𝑑 0.87∗10∗𝜋∗1.2∗43

7- check anchorage bond

𝑙𝑑 ∗ 𝑜 ∗ 𝑞𝑏 = 𝑓𝑠 ∗ 𝐴𝑠
𝜋
𝑓 ∗𝐴 𝑠 2000∗( )∗1.2 2
Ld = 𝑠 = 4
= 50 𝑐𝑚 < 115𝑐𝑚 ⇢ 𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒
𝑞𝑏 ∗𝑜 𝜋 ∗1.2∗12

29
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