DOCUMENT NO.

:
ICML/SOLAR/GUJ/ELECT/DSLP-0022

DIRECT STROKE LIGHTNING PROTECTION CALCULATION

FOR 66kV GRID SUBSTATION AT KUTCH GUJRAT

Reference:

Direct stroke lightning protection calculation is based on the procedure given in "High Voltage Engineering" by Prof. D.V.RAZEVIG
, chapter 31, translated from Russian by Dr. M.P.CHOURASIA.

1 Height of Lightning Spikes h = 16.0 m

2 Height of the livepart to be protected:

a. Transformer height = 5.9 m

Height of the livepart to be protected hx = 5.9 m

II. Formulae Used:

1 Protective radius (rx) :

If , hx <= (2/3)h and h > 30m:- r x = 1 . 5 h × ⎜⎜⎛⎝ 1 − hx

0.8h
⎞
⎟⎟ P
⎠
m

If , hx <= (2/3)h and h <= 30m:-

⎛ hx ⎞
r x = 1 .5 h × ⎜⎜ 1 − ⎟⎟ m
⎝ 0.8h ⎠

2 Co-efficient for the Lightning Mast Height P = 5.5/ h for h >30 m

= 1 for h <=30 m

3 Allowable distance between two LMs s = 7 × h a

× P m

Where

ha= h - hx m
4 Midway point protective Height (ho) and Midway Point Protective Distance (bx)

⎛ s ⎞
h0 = h − ⎜ ⎟
m

⎝ 7× P ⎠

If hx < (2/3)ho and ho > 30 m :-

⎛ h ⎞ m
bx = 1.5ho × ⎜⎜1 − x ⎟⎟ × P
⎝ 0 .8ho ⎠

If hx < (2/3)ho and ho < 30 m :-

⎛ h ⎞
bx = 1.5ho × ⎜⎜1 − x ⎟⎟ m
⎝ 0.8ho ⎠

If hx > (2/3)ho and ho < 30 m :-

⎛ h ⎞
b x = 0.75ho × ⎜⎜1 − x ⎟⎟ m
⎝ ho ⎠

III Legend:

Symbol Description Unit

h Height of Lightning Spikes m

hx Height of Livepart to be protected m

ho Midway point protective height bet. two LM's m

P Coefficient for the LM height -

s Allowable Distance between two LM's m

bx Midway point protective distance bet. two LM's m

IV Calculation Transformer level
The protective zone between two lightning masts have considerably greater dimensions than the sum of protective zones of two
single lightning masts. If two lightning masts are located at a distance less than S=7 * ha, the point of ground surface which lies
midway between the two lightning mast will not be struck by lightning. In otherwords, a fictitious lightning mast will be formed in
between two lightning masts at midpoint with a height ho

h h

0.8h 0.8h
ho hx

1.5h 0.75h T14 s T14 0.75h 1.5h

rx
bx

T14 T14

P= 1

S= 7 x ha x P m

Where ha = ( h - hx ) m

ha = 10.1 m

Allowable Distance between two LM's s = 7 x 10.1 x 1

= 70.7 m
Distance between LM1 & LM2 = 7.6 m

Protective radius rx = 1.5 x h x ( 1-hx / 0.8 h) m

= 1.5 x 16 x ( 1 - (5.9 / ( 0.8 x 16)) m

= 12.9 m

Midway point protective height between two LM's ho = h - s / 7P

= 16 - (7.6 / (7 x 1 ))
= 14.91 m

Midway point protective distance between two LM's bx = 1.5 x ho x ( 1-hx / 0.8x ho) m

= 1.5 x 13.91 x ( 1 - (5.9 / (0.8x 13.91))

= 11.31 m
 DSLP Protection with shield wire

Reference
'Direct stroke lightning protection calculation is based on the procedure given in "High Voltage Engineering" by Prof. D.V.RAZEVIG , chapter 31, translated
from Russian by Dr. M.P.CHOURASIA.

As per the above diagram

H= 12 mtr. Height of the Tower
hx= 4.2 mtr. Height of the equipments from Ground Level
S= 7.6 Mtr Distance between two Towers.
S1= 8.8 mtr Distance between two Towers.
hx1= 6.4 mtr. Height of the line conductor/Main bus conductor from Ground Level

hx3= 5.9 mtr. Height of Power Transformer from Ground Level

For hx

Now 7.6 < 48 i.e. S1 < 4H 4.2 < 8.00 i.e hx< 2H/3
Now the shield wires will protect the object upto a height 'Ho' between them shield wire will protect distance bx from its centre
Ho1= ( H - S/4) bx= 1.2H( 1 - hx/0.8H)

= 12-(7.6/4) = 1.2*12*(1-(4.2/(0.8*12))

Ho1= 10.1 mtr. bx= 8.1 mtr.

Now 8.8 < 48 i.e. S1 < 4H For hx1

Now the shield wires will protect the object upto a height 'Ho' between them
Ho1= ( H - S/4) 6.4 < 8.00 i.e hx< 2H/3
shield wire will protect distance bx from its centre
= 12-(8.8/4) bx1= 1.2H( 1 - hx1/0.8H)

Ho1= 9.8 mtr. = 1.2*12*(1-(6.4/0.8*12))

bx1= 4.8 mtr.

shield wire will protect distance bx from its centre

bx2= 0.6H( 1 - hx2/H)

= 0.6*12*(1-(9.2/12)

bx2= 7.2 mtr.

 For hx3
5.9 < 8.00 i.e hx< 2H/3
shield wire will protect distance bx from its centre
bx3= 1.2H( 1 - hx3/0.8H)

= 1.2*12*(1-(5.7/(0.8*12))

bx3= 5.55 mtr.

Since Ho > hx2, Jack bus conductor is protected

Since the lightning protection have been achieved by shield wire at 12 Mtr. height, so all other equipment/ parts below the shield wire
level will also be protected.

Since Power Transformer end is at a distance of 7.6m, the protection distance is 5.55m hence it cannot be protected by shield wire hence spike shall be used to
protect the Power Transformers
 DIRECT STROKE LIGHTNING PROTECTION CALCULATION
FOR 66kV GRID SUBSTATION AT KUTCH GUJRAT

Reference:

Direct stroke lightning protection calculation is based on the procedure given in "High Voltage Engineering" by Prof. D.V.RAZEVIG
, chapter 31, translated from Russian by Dr. M.P.CHOURASIA.

1 Height of Lightning Spikes h = 14.0 m

2 Height of the livepart to be protected:

a. Transformer height = 5.9 m

Height of the livepart to be protected hx = 5.9 m

II. Formulae Used:

1 Protective radius (rx) :

If , hx <= (2/3)h and h > 30m:- r x = 1 . 5 h × ⎜⎜⎛⎝ 1 − hx

0.8h
⎞
⎟⎟ P
⎠
m

If , hx <= (2/3)h and h <= 30m:-

⎛ hx ⎞
r x = 1 .5 h × ⎜⎜ 1 − ⎟⎟ m
⎝ 0.8h ⎠

2 Co-efficient for the Lightning Mast Height P = 5.5/ h for h >30 m

= 1 for h <=30 m

3 Allowable distance between two LMs s = 7 × h a

× P m

Where

ha= h - hx m
4 Midway point protective Height (ho) and Midway Point Protective Distance (bx)

⎛ s ⎞
h0 = h − ⎜ ⎟
m

⎝ 7× P ⎠

If hx < (2/3)ho and ho > 30 m :-

⎛ h ⎞ m
bx = 1.5ho × ⎜⎜1 − x ⎟⎟ × P
⎝ 0 .8ho ⎠

If hx < (2/3)ho and ho < 30 m :-

⎛ h ⎞
bx = 1.5ho × ⎜⎜1 − x ⎟⎟ m
⎝ 0.8ho ⎠

If hx > (2/3)ho and ho < 30 m :-

⎛ h ⎞
b x = 0.75ho × ⎜⎜1 − x ⎟⎟ m
⎝ ho ⎠

III Legend:

Symbol Description Unit

h Height of Lightning Spikes m

hx Height of Livepart to be protected m

ho Midway point protective height bet. two LM's m

P Coefficient for the LM height -

s Allowable Distance between two LM's m

bx Midway point protective distance bet. two LM's m

IV Calculation Transformer level
The protective zone between two lightning masts have considerably greater dimensions than the sum of protective zones of two
single lightning masts. If two lightning masts are located at a distance less than S=7 * ha, the point of ground surface which lies
midway between the two lightning mast will not be struck by lightning. In otherwords, a fictitious lightning mast will be formed in
between two lightning masts at midpoint with a height ho

h h

0.8h 0.8h
ho hx

1.5h 0.75h T14 s T14 0.75h 1.5h

rx
bx

T14 T14

P= 1

S= 7 x ha x P m

Where ha = ( h - hx ) m

ha = 8.1 m

Allowable Distance between two LM's s = 7 x 8.1 x 1

= 56.7 m
Distance between LM1 & LM2 = 7.6 m

Protective radius rx = 1.5 x h x ( 1-hx / 0.8 h) m

= 1.5 x 14 x ( 1 - (5.9 / ( 0.8 x 14)) m

= 9.9 m

Midway point protective height between two LM's ho = h - s / 7P

= 14 - (7.6 / (7 x 1 ))
= 12.91 m

Midway point protective distance between two LM's bx = 1.5 x ho x ( 1-hx / 0.8x ho) m

= 1.5 x 13.91 x ( 1 - (5.9 / (0.8x 13.91))

= 8.31 m