LOPEZ NATIONAL COMPREHENSIVE HIGH SCHOOL

Lopez, Quezon

BUDGET OF WORK
PRETEST
PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2

WEEK NUMBER TOPIC NUMBER OF DAYS STRATEGIES/ACTIVITIES

Nature of Inquiry and Research 12 Lecture/Discussion using PowerPoint presentations, (but not limited to
1-3 audio/visual presentations)
Group Activities, research works thru the use of ICT
Identifying the Inquiry and Stating the 8 Collaborative work, buzz sessions, Interactive presentations
4-5 Problem
Learning from Others and Reviewing the 20 Audio/visual presentation, recitations, group activities, brainstorming
6-10 Literature sessions, web quests
Understanding Data and Ways to 12 Problem solving methods, inquiry learning, powerpoint presentations, class
11-13 Systematically Collect Data presentations, paper and pencil tests
Finding Answers through Data Collection 16 Presentations thru the use of ICT, designing charts, gallery walk, recitations
14-17
Reporting and Sharing Findings 12 Research Defense, public speaking exercises, vocabulary enhancement,
18-20 presentations
TOTAL 80
 LOPEZ NATIONAL COMPREHENSIVE HIGH SCHOOL
Lopez, Quezon

TABLE OF SPECIFICATION
PRETEST
PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2

Learning Objectives Number of Easy Average Difficult Item Total Item

Days 60% 30% 10% Placement
1. Decide on suitable quantitative research Easy
in the Technical-Vocational Education – Item 3,
ICT field 10,11
a. Identify the characteristics,
strengths, weaknesses and kinds of Average 6 items
quantitative research 12 3 2 1 Item 5, 9
b. Differentiate kinds of variables and
their uses Difficult
c. Explain the importance of Item 7
quantitative research
2. Formulate the statement of a research Easy
problem clearly Item 6, 14
a. State research questions effectively 8 2 1 3 items
b. Indicate and cite benefits and Average
beneficiaries of the study Item 4

Difficult
-
3. select, cite, and synthesize judiciously Easy
related literature and use sources according Item 13,
to ethical standards 18, 20, 21,
a. formulate clearly conceptual 22, 25
framework, research hypotheses (if Average
appropriate), and define terms used in Item 8, 26,
study 20 6 3 1 27 10 items
b. present objectively written review of Difficult
related literature and conceptual Item 12
framework

4. Describe adequately quantitative research Easy

designs, sample, instrument used, Item 1, 15,
intervention (if applicable), data collection, 16, 17
and analysis procedures Average
a. Identify data collection procedures 12 4 2 Item 2, 19 6 items
b. Compute and present data results Difficult
using statistical treatments -
5. Gather and analyze data with intellectual Easy
honesty, using suitable techniques. Item 31,
a. Find various ways in plotting data using 33, 36, 37,
graphs 38
b. Interpret data in tabular and graphical 16 5 2 1 Average 8 items
forms Item 24,
c. use statistical techniques to analyze data 39,
Difficult
Item 23
6. Form logical conclusions Easy
a. Identify the parts of research output Item
b. make recommendations based on 29,32, 34,
conclusions 12 4 2 1 35 7
c. write and present clear research output Average
Item 30,40
Difficult
Item 28

TOTAL 80 days 24 items 12 items 4 items 40 items

Prepared by:

JENSEN RYAN T. LIM

Subject Teacher
Checked By:

CLEMENCIA V. CALUBAYAN
Department Head, TLE

Approved By:

SIONY A. GABOTERO, EdD

Secondary School Principal IV
 LOPEZ NATIONAL COMPREHENSIVE HIGH SCHOOL
Lopez, Quezon
PRETEST
PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2
NAME: ____________________________________ DATE:________________
SECTION: _________________________ SCORE: ______________
I. MULTIPLE CHOICE. Write the letter of your desired answer on the space provided. Choose only ONE
answer, for which you can ought to say “the right one”.
Avoid Erasures.
_____ 1. When every member of the accessible population has an equal chance of being selected to participate
in the study, the researcher is using
a. Simple random sampling c. stratified random sampling
b. Convenience sampling d. purposive sampling

_____ 2. If a researcher selected five schools at random and then interviewed each of the teachers in those five
schools, the researcher used
a. Simple random sampling c. stratified random sampling
b. Convenience sampling d. cluster random sampling
c.
_____ 3. Which of the following threats to internal validity arises when an event other than the treatment
produces a change in participants’ behavior?
a. Maturation b. history c. testing d. coincidence

_____ 4. How are research questions most often described?

a. Arising within a laboratory setting
b. Posed after important factors are identified
c. May arise from our everyday life experiences
d. Always answered if we follow a scientific method of inquiry

_____ 5. In general, when selecting factors for a study, you want to be sure of which of these?
a. They have been investigated before b. They are available to investigate
c. They are not of interest to you d. They do not lead to another question
d.
_____ 6. Which of the following best describes a hypothesis?
a. Statement that you set out to prove
b. Tested by collecting only the data that support it
c. Proposed before a good research question can be developed
d. Posits a clear relationship between different factors

_____ 7. Michael hands out a survey to find out the average age and schooling level of his class. What type of
research did Michael do?
a. Historical b. Cause-and-effect c. Quasi-experimental d. Descriptive

_____ 8. Identify and select the correct order of steps in scientific inquiry (note: these are not ALL of the steps
in the process)
a. Formulating a hypothesis, collecting relevant information, testing the hypothesis, working with
the hypothesis
b. Reconsidering the theory, asking new questions, identifying the important factors, collecting
relevant information
c. Asking the question, identifying the important factors, asking new questions, testing the
hypothesis
d. Asking new questions, reconsidering the theory, working with the hypothesis, testing the
hypothesis

_____ 9. What is the major difference between applied and basic research?
a. Basic research takes longer to complete b. Applied research is less important
c. Basic research is more traditional d. Basic research has no immediate application

_____ 10. When variables compete to explain the same effects, what are they sometimes called?
a. Contradictory b. Intertwining c. Confounding d. Interdependent
_____ 11. Which of the following might be considered a level of an independent variable?
a. hair color b. blue eyes c. party affiliation d. favorite type of M&M®

_____ 12. How is the independent variable different from the dependent variable?
a. the independent variable is manipulated during the experiment to understand the effects of this
manipulation on the dependent variable
b. the dependent variable is manipulated during the experiment to understand the effects of this
manipulation on the independent variable
c. dependent and independent variables are only used when researchers are not interested in looking at
the effects of one thing on another, but only in how variables may be related
d. the independent variable is a variable not included in the experiment, but is related to one of the
variables in the experiment

_____ 13. A control variable can best be defined by which of the following statements?
a. influences the independent variable b. has no observable effect
c. cannot be removed or controlled d. influences the dependent variable

_____ 14. The null hypothesis represents which of the following statements?
a. no relationship between the variables under study
b. a positive relationship between the independent and dependent variables
c. a negative relationship between the independent and dependent variables
d. a difference between the variables under study

_____ 15. Which type of study may NOT have an implied null hypothesis?
a. Correlational b. descriptive c. quasi-experimental d. experimental

_____ 16. Our job as researchers is to eliminate ___________ as a factor contributing to differences between
groups.
a. Chance b. change c. hypothesis d. average

_____ 17. Why is a null hypothesis said to be implied?

a. It's always directly tested. b. It’s never directly tested.
c. You do not need to test it to know that it is false. d. It is stated in a question form.

_____ 18. What does a good research question usually pursue?

a. a small part of a broad topic b. a topic unrelated to any other topics
c. the same thing as the null hypothesis d. a broad topic

_____ 19. Which is the key criterion for selecting a dependent variable?
a. sensitivity of the variable to changes in the independent variable
b. measurement capabilities in the experiment
c. relationship of the dependent variable to the independent variable
d. preference of the researcher

_____ 20. Which of the following best describes independent variables?

a. not manipulated by the experimenter b. manipulated to assess the effect of the treatment
c. unrelated to the treatment d. not necessary

_____ 21. Sampling allows researchers to overcome the problem of which of the following?
a. overcrowded laboratories b. biased subject response
c. not having access to the whole population d. not having access to the proper statistical methods

_____22. The interpretation of “differences are significant” means that the differences found
are_________________.
a. probably not due to chance b. due to chance
c. creative outcomes d. not dictated by the hypothesis

_____ 23. If you read that a study’s finding was significant at the p < .05 level, you could conclude that there is
a less than 5% probability that _____________________________.
a. the results will translate to real world situations
b. most researchers in that area would consider the finding to have clinical meaning
c. the researchers used unreliable measures
d. the results were due to chance
_____ 24. Why is it important to choose a representative sample of the population?
a. increase statistical precision b. determine group differences
c. maximize generalizability of results d. find significant results

_____ 25. There will be no relationship between children's time in day care and later academic achievement.
This is an example of which of the following?
a. a research hypothesis b. a factorial design
c. a correlational hypothesis d. a null hypothesis

_____ 26. The best dependent variable is defined by which of the following characteristics?
a. independent of any other variable in the same study
b. sensitive to changes in the treatment
c. can be manipulated by the researcher
d. interacts with the independent variable

_____ 27. The significance level reported in a research study can be explained by which of the following?
a. importance of the results to the benefit of society
b. statistical methods to determine the results of the study
c. risk associated with not being 100% confident the difference is due to the treatment
d. importance of the results to the benefit of an individual

_____ 28. Dr. Gabotero found a statistically significant relationship between gender and aggressive playground
activity. Dr. Gabotero can conclude which of the following?
a. The effect of gender on aggressive playground activity is likely due to chance.
b. The relationship is probably coincidence.
c. The effect of gender on aggressive playground activity is likely not due to chance.
d. Gender causes aggressive playground activity.

_____ 29. In testing whether riding a bicycle at least 30 minutes each day reduces weight, what would be the
independent variable?
a. the person’s age b. amount of time bicycling each day
c. the person’s weight d. the person’s diet

_____ 30. The researcher notices that the vocabulary level is also associated with intelligence level, so he
determines that the research design must hold the level of intelligence constant to get a good idea of
the relationship between pleasure reading and vocabulary level. Intelligence here is an example of
what type of variable?
a. moderator variable b. dependent variable
c. control variable d. extraneous variable

_____ 31. Which of the following threats to internal validity arises when participants in one group develop at a
faster rate than participants in another group?
a. Additive effect of selection and testing b. additive effect of selection and history
c. additive effect of selection and maturation d. additive effect of selection and instrumentation

_____ 32. Research done in natural settings is

a. more likely to involve applied research than basic research.
b. equally likely to involve applied research or basic research.
c. more likely to involve basic research than applied research.
d. Equally likely to involve basic research than applied research.

_____ 33. When there is communication between the groups in a true experiment or in a quasi-experiment,
which of the following threats to internal validity could occur?
a. Hawthorne effects b. demand characteristics
c. regression effects d. contamination effects

_____ 34. Which of the following quasi-experimental designs involves the comparison of a control and a
treatment group that have been established on some basis other than random assignment with both
groups given only a pretest and a posttest?
a. Simple time-series design b. non equivalent control group design
c. time-series design with non equivalent group d. pre-post nonmatched design
_____ 35. Which type of program evaluation is most likely to make use of survey methods?
a. Assessment of needs b. outcome evaluation
c. process evaluation d. program planning

_____ 36. Factorial designs are experiments that can best be defined by which of these statements?
a. Have one independent variable
b. Have one dependent variable
c. Have more than one independent variable
d. Are tested on math problems

_____ 37. Population generalizability refers to

a. conclusions researchers make about a random sample.
b. conclusions researchers make about information uncovered in research study.
c. the degree to which a sample represents the population of interest.
d. the degree to which results of a study can be extended to other settings or conditions.

_____ 38. The degree to which results of a study can be extended to other settings or conditions describes
______________.
a. population generalizability
b. conclusions researchers make about a random sample.
c. conclusions researchers make about information uncovered in research study.
d. ecological generalizability.

_____ 39. What does it mean if two variables have a positive correlation?
a. As one variable increases, so does the other
b. As one variable increases, the other decreases
c. The correlation between variables is 0
d. The correlation between variables is greater than 1

_____ 40. How can we determine if a research has good validity?

a. It produces the same result when it is given at different times to the same group of people
b. It produces the same result no matter which version of the test is used
c. It measures what it is supposed to measure
d. All of the questions on it can be answered accurately by the subject
 LOPEZ NATIONAL COMPREHENSIVE HIGH SCHOOL
Lopez, Quezon
PRETEST
PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2
KEY TO CORRECTION

1. A 21. A
2. D 22. D
3. A 23. C
4. d 24. D
5. B 25. B
6. A 26. B
7. D 27. C
8. C 28. C
9. D 29. B
10. C 30. C
11. B 31. C
12. A 32. A
13. D 33. D
14. A 34. B
15. B 35. A
16. A 36. C
17. B 37. C
18. A 38. D
19. A 39. A
20. B 40. C