BAHASA 07

INGGRIS

MODAL

A. DEFINITIO
N
Modal adalah bagian dari auxiliary yang merupakan sekelompok kata kerja
bantu yang memberikan arti tambahan pada suatu kalimat.
Note : Modal selalu diikuti kata kerja bentuk
innitive/Verb1.

Modal terbagi menjadi dua,

yaitu: 1. + Simple
Modal
form
2. Modal + Perfective (Modal + Have
Verb3)

B. MODAL + SIMPLE
a. FORM
May/ Might and
Can/Could
1.
May/Might
Modal may/might memiliki makna possibility
(kemungkinan terjadi). E.g.

Mario may marry maria.

It means : Mario possibly/probably/perhaps
marries maria.
2. Can/Coul
d
Modal can/could memiliki makna ability/capability (kemampuan untuk
melakukan sesuatu).

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E.g.
• Mario can marry maria.
It means : Mario is able to marries maria. • Diana could swim
graciously.
It means : Diana was able to swim graciously.
Modal seperti contoh di atas bisa juga berfungsi sebagai
expression of asking for permission.
E.g.
A : “May I borrow your bike?” B : “Of course, please.”
CONTOH SOAL
1.
Andy can write a message for me. It means ... A. Andy possibly
writes a message for me.
B.
Andy is able to write a message for me. C. Andy was able to write a
message for me. D. Andy may write a message for me.
E.
Andy might write a message for me.
Pembahasan:
Jawaban B, karena makna lain dari can adalah be able to. Pilihan
C salah karena bentuk past (could), sedangkan dalam soal
berbentuk present (can).
b.
Should and Must
1.
Should
Modal should memiliki makna suggestion and hope. E.g.
• My daughter should study tonight.
It means : My daughter ought to study tonight. • My order should
come next week.
It means : My order ought to come next week.
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2.
Must
Modal must maknanya lebih kuat daripada should. Dengan
menggunakan should orang mempunyai pilihan untuk mengikuti
atau tidak, sedangkan must adalah suatu keharusan mutlak.
E.g.
My car must fuel gasoline to run.
It means : My car have to fuel gasoline to run.
Selain itu, must juga memiliki arti kesimpulan logis. E.g.
The grass and trees in Tangerang are wet. It must be raining.
CONTOH SOAL
1.
You will be operated tomorrow dawn. You
....
stay up tonight.
A. should not B.
cannot C. must not D. ought to
E.
could
Pembahasan:
Jawaban C, karena makna soal bertipe keharusan mutlak (akan
dioperasi besok subuh, maka wajib/harus tidak begadang).
C.
MODAL + PERFECTIVE
Modal perfective (Modal + Have Verb 3) digunakan untuk
menunjukkan waktu lampau.
a.
Could and Should
1.
Could + Have Verb3
Modal ini menyatakan sesuatu yang bisa saja terjadi di masa
lampau (berlawanan dengan fakta sekarang).
E.g.
My car could have been xed yesterday. It means : My car was
not xed in fact.
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2.
Should + Have Verb3
Modal ini menyatakan sesuatu yang seharusnya sudah terjadi pada
waktu lampau (saran terhadap suatu hal yang sudah terjadi di
masa lampau).
E.g.
The robber took all my money in my room. You should have
saved it in Bank. It means : He didn’t save all his money in Bank.
CONTOH SOAL
1.
The Man looked so pale and weak. He
....
sick.
a.
must have been
b.
must be
c.
can be
d.
would have been
e.
could have been
Jawaban A, karena menyatakan kesimpulan logis/pasti di masa
lampau, jadi hanya option A (must have been) yang sesuai untuk
melengkapi soal tersebut.
b.
Might/May and Must
1.
Might/May + Have Verb3
Modal ini menyatakan sesuatu kemungkinan atau praduga di masa
lampau. E.g.
The class was very dirty. Andy might have made it dirty.
It means : Andy possibly made it dirty but there possibility that
others who did it.
2.
Must + Have Verb3
Modal ini digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kesimpulan dari apa
yang terjadi di masa lampau.
Ada perbedaan tipis antara must have been dengan modal +
simple form must be, mari perhatikan contoh berikut:
E.g.
All trees and buildings in Jakarta were wet. It must have
been raining (modal perfective menggunakan tenses
past/verb2)
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All trees and buildings in Jakarta are wet. It must be raining
(modal simple form menggunakan tenses present/verb1)
CONTOH SOAL
1.
Mila didn’t pay tuition fee. Her parent
....
no money.
A. must have had B.
might have had C. might have
D. must have
E.
must be
Pembahasan:
Jawaban B, karena bisa saja ada kemungkinan lain selain orang
tuanya tidak punya uang, bisa saja uangnya sudah diberikan tapi
Mila menghabiskannya untuk keperluan lain dan masih ada
banyak kemungkinan yang lain, maka menggunakan might have
had.