SLOPE STABILIZATION FOR PORTAL

SHOTCRETING
METHODOLOGY

1. SURFACE PREPARATION
1.1. Clearing and grubbing, the area shall be cleared of debris and vegetation such
as grasses, shrubs, and small tress. All garbage shall be hauled out to
designated disposal area.
1.2. Trimming and backfill. Large uneven surfaces shall be trimmed and backfilled to
compaction.
1.3. A debris barricade shall be constructed above the portal to safeguard the men
and equipment from falling rocks or other falling debris.

2. INSTALLATION OF WIRE MESH (Wire mesh maybe installed before or after the first
application)
2.1. Wire mesh shall make use 100x100x 2.8 mm welded steel mesh conforming to
specifications of ITEM 710 of Reinforcing Steel and Wire Rope.
2.2. The installation crew comprises 1-scaffolding leadsman, and 5-scaffolding crew.
2.3. Anchored wire mesh itself shall be used by the crew as ladders provided they
will use full harness safety belts.
2.4. Layout the wire meshes vertically, and fixed it to ground by (16 mm. diameter at
400 mm in length) RSB anchor pins spaced 1.10 m horizontally and 1.10 m
vertically in staggered arrangement.
2.5. The wire mesh should be fixed with the anchor pin at 50 mm away from the
ground.
2.6. If the ground is soft, the pins shall be driven into the ground using bull hammers;
but in cases of hard and solid ground, this shall be drilled at 400 mm depth
before driven into the ground.
2.7. Connection of wire mesh shall be spliced at a minimum of 200 mm overlap and
tied using gauge 16 galvanized G.I. wires.

3. BATCHING OF CONCRETE & BATCH MIX

3.1. Dry mix method shall be used in the application.
3.2. The batch crew comprises of 1-foreman, 1-concrete mixer operator, and 5-batch
mixers.
3.3. Batching equipment will be 1-bagger concrete mixer.
3.4. The batch mix shall be:

Cement : 14 bags/m³
Fine : 1.694 kg/m³
Coarse Aggregate : 924 kg/m³
Cement : Portland Cement
Admixture : Portland Cement

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 3.5. Sand sieve.

4. SPRAYING OF CONCRETE – 1st APPLICATION

4.1. In steep slopes, the nozzleman shall use scaffolds. But slopes not too steep, the
nozzleman provided with complete harness (belt and long rope) shall make use
of the wire mesh as ladders.
4.2. The spraying crew shall comprise of 1-shotcrete machine operator, 1-
aircompressor operator, 1-nozzlenam, 2-hose tenders, and 1-mason to screed
some uneven surfaces.
4.3. The substrate (surface) shall first be sprayed with little water to take out dust
and other powdery substance.
4.4. Hand signal is usually used as communication during spaying operation.
4.5. In the dry mix method, the mixed material is conveyed by a 50 mm diameter 3-
ply rubber hose, and pushed by a strong force of air at nozzle thus causing to
spray.
4.6. Spray 50 mm thick of shotcrete only in the first application to give way for the
rockbolting works. This will be drilling, grouting, and installation of base plate.
4.7. After every spraying a mason will follow and screed uneven surfaces

5. SPRAYING OF CONCRETE – 2nd APPLICATION

5.1. After field painted epoxy (washers & nut) had dried up, the second 50 mm thick
shotcrete can be sprayed.
5.2. A mason will follow to screed some uneven surfaces.

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