Design Combined Footing

Q1 Q2
R = Q1  Q2
L1 X L2
L3

h
qu

Chhun Deulish

Given: Find : Spacing S & As

Column I Column II

 PDL1   PDL2 
   1000     950 
 PLL1   860   PLL2   800 
    kN      kN
 PLr1   300   PLr2   250 
P   100  P   80 
 W1   W2 

Service Limit State

Q1  110% PDL1  PLL1  PLr1  PW1 Q1  2360 kN

Q2  110% PDL2  PLL2  PLr2  PW2 Q2  2175 kN

Section Column I Section Column II

 bc1   400   bc2   400 

      mm       mm
 hc1   600   hc2   600 
   
 kN
Allowable Soil Bearing Capacity under Footings qa  200
2
m

Material f'c  30MPa fy  390MPa

kN kN
γcon  24 γsoil  19
3 3
m m

db  25mm dsh  22mm

Reduction factor for Shear ϕ  0.75

Depth of foundation H  2m

Assume Thickness of Footing h  900 mm

Clear Cover for footing CL  75 mm

db
d  h  CL 
2

Length of Foundation L1  1000mm

L3  6000mm

L2  1000mm

L  L1  L2  L3 L  8m

Total actual (working) loads 

Psls  Q1  Q2  Psls  4535 kN

Psls 2
Required area Areq  Areq  22.675 m
qa

 Areq 
Width of footing B  Ceil  200mm B  3m
 L 

Thus area of footing is A  L B

2 2
A  24 m > Areq  22.675 m OK
  
Qcol.01  bc1 hc1  ( H  h)  γcon

 
Qcol.02  bc2 hc2  ( H  h)  γcon

 
Qu1  1.2 PDL1  Qcol.01  1.6 PLL1  0.5 PLr1

 
Qu2  1.2 PDL2  Qcol.02  1.6 PLL2  0.5 PLr2

Qfoundation  1.2 B L h γcon

 
Qsoil  1.2 B L  bc1 hc1  bc2 hc2   ( H  h)  γsoil
 
Ptotal  Qu1  Qu2  Qfoundation  Qsoil

Solution

 In Long Direction

1. Determine the location of the resulant of the column loads.

 
L L
Qu1 L1  Qu2 L3  L1  Qfoundation  Qsoil
2 2
x 
Ptotal

L
e  x if Qu2  Qu1 e  83.562 mm
2
 L  x otherwise
 
2 
L
Eccentricity of Foundation  "Ok" if e 
6
"NG" otherwise

Eccentricity of Foundation  "Ok"

 M  Ptotal  e M  543 kN m

Ptotal 6 M kN
qmax   qmax  863.177
L 2 m
L

Ptotal 6 M kN
qmin   qmin  761.365
L 2 m
L

Shear Force for Combine Footing distace d from face of support

Vu (at inter face column ) Vdx  1183kN

Bending Moment for Combine Footing distace from face of support5.3m  d  4.487 m

Maximum for Positive Moment Mmax.pos  264.4kN m

Maximum for Negative Moment Mmax.neg  2040kN m

Punching Shear

 
A01  bc1  d  hc1  d  A01  1.713 m
2

Vu1  Qu1
 A  A01 Vu1  2538.531 kN
A

 
A02  bc2  d  hc2  d  A02  1.713 m
2

Vu2  Qu2
 A  A02 Vu2  2370.448 kN
A

Punching shear strength

Perimeter of Critical Section

  
b01   bc1  d  hc1  d   2
   b01  5.25 m

  
b02   bc2  d  hc2  d   2
   b02  5.25 m
 Ratio of Long side to short side of the column d  812.5 mm

bc1 bc2
β01  β01  0.667 β02  β02  0.667
hc1 hc2

Modification factor for type of concrete

λ= λ1 (ACI 8.6.1)

αs = αs  40 (ACI.11.11.2.1)

Punching shear strength is the minimum of :

  1  MPa λ f'c  b  d 
   
  3 MPa 01 
 
  1  MPa  1  2   λ f'c  b  d 
ϕVc.01  ϕ min    β 
  6   01  MPa 01  (ACI.11.11.2)
 
  1   αs d  f'c 
  12  MPa    2   λ  b  d 
MPa 01
    b01  
ϕVc.01  5840.948 kN

  1  MPa λ f'c  b  d 
   02 
  3  MPa 
 f'c 
   
ϕVc.02  ϕ min    MPa  1   b02 d 
1 2
  λ
  6
 β 02  MPa  (ACI.11.11.2)
 
  1   s
α  d  f'c 
  12  MPa  b  2  λ MPa  b02 d 
    02  

ϕVc.02  5840.948 kN
 Punching Shear  "OK" if ϕVc.01  Vu1  ϕVc.02  Vu2

"Inlarge Dept of Footing" otherwise

Punching Shear  "OK"

Design of One-way Shear in axis X

One-way Shear in axis X

 db 
d  h   CL   d  812.5 mm
 2

Vu (at inter face column ) Vdx  1183kN

One Way Shear Strength

1 f'c
ϕVcx  ϕ MPa λ  B d ϕVcx  1668.842 kN (ACI.11.2.1.1)
6 MPa

One-way Shear Strength in axis X  "Enough" if ϕVcx  Vdx

"Inlarge the Section" otherwise

One-way Shear Strength in axis X  "Enough"

Calculate Rebar of Combined Fooing

 Long Direction in axis X

For Maximum Negative Bending Moment

Calculate the bending moment and steel reinforcement

Width of Footing b  B b  3m

Length of Footing L  8m

Maximum for Negative Moment Mmax.neg  2040 kN m

Total tension reinforcement ratio
Mmax.neg kN
RL  RL  1144.51
2 2
0.9 b d m

f'c  RL 
 1 
ρ  0.85 1  2  ρ  0.003
fy  0.85 f'c 
 

Minimum tesion reinforcement ratio

 f'c 
 0.25MPa 
 MPa 1.4MPa 
ρmin1  max 
 fy 
(ACI.10.5.1)
fy
 
ρmin2  1.333 ρ (ACI.10.5.3)


ρmin  min ρmin1 ρmin2  ρmin  0.004

Reinforcement area require


AsL  max ρ ρmin  b d  AsL  8750 mm
2

Rebar dimeter db  25 mm

Areas π db
2
2
Ad  Ad  490.874 mm
4
Number of Rebars

 AsL 
n  ceil   n  18
Ad
 

Spacing Provide

b  2 50mm
SL  Floor 

10 mm SL  160 mm
 n 
2
As.pro.L  n Ad As.pro.L  8835.729 mm
For Maximum Positive Bending Moment

Calculate the bending moment and steel reinforcement

Width of Footing b  B b  3m

Length of Footing L  8m

Maximum for Positive Moment Mmax.pos  264.4 kN m

Total tension reinforcement ratio

Mmax.pos kN
RL  RL  148.337
2 2
0.9 b d m

f'c  RL 
 1 
ρ  0.85 1  2  ρ0
fy  0.85 f'c 
 

Minimum tesion reinforcement ratio

 f'c 
 0.25MPa 
 MPa 1.4MPa 
ρmin1  max 
 fy 
(ACI.10.5.1)
fy
 
ρmin2  1.333 ρ (ACI.10.5.3)


ρmin  min ρmin1 ρmin2  ρmin  0.001

Reinforcement area require


AsL  max ρ ρmin  b d  AsL  1239.452 mm
2

Rebar dimeter db  25 mm

Areas 2
π db 2
Ad  Ad  490.874 mm
4
Number of Rebars

 AsL 
n  ceil   n3
Ad
 
 Spacing Provide

b  2 50mm
SL  Floor 

10 mm SL  960 mm
 n 
2
As.pro.L  n Ad As.pro.L  1472.622 mm

Temperature and Shrinkage for Long Direction in axis X

ρtL  0.0018

Width of Footing b  B

Tem and Shrink reinforcement require

As.shrikage.L  ρtL b h 50%

2
As.shrikage.L  2430 mm

Rebar dimeter dsh  22 mm

2
π dsh 2
Areas Ash  Ash  380.133 mm
4

Number of Rebars
 As.shrikage.L 
n  ceil   n7
Ash
 
Spacing Provide

SsL  Floor 
 b  2 50 mm 10 mm

 n 
SsL  410 mm
 In Short direction

Qsoil Qfoundation
Qu1  
2 2 L kN
qu1   qu1  1113.195
A 2 m
 
2

Qsoil Qfoundation
Qu2  
2 2 L kN
qu2   qu2  1052.861
A 2 m
2

Chhun Deulish