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  • MekFluida - Energi Mekanik

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    Fauzan Rahman
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    The document discusses mechanical energy in fluid mechanics. It covers: 1) The principles of mechanical energy, including kinetic energy, potential energy, and pressure-volume work. 2) Equations for the components of mechanical energy in flowing fluids, including kinetic energy, potential energy, and pressure-volume work. 3) An energy balance equation for mechanical energy in a pipe system without friction.

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    2. MekFluida_Energi Mekanik

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    The document discusses mechanical energy in fluid mechanics. It covers: 1) The principles of mechanical energy, including kinetic energy, potential energy, and pressure-volume work. 2) Equations for the components of mechanical energy in flowing fluids, including kinetic energy, potential energy, and pressure-volume work. 3) An energy balance equation for mechanical energy in a pipe system without friction.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    5 views24 pages

    MekFluida - Energi Mekanik

    Uploaded by

    Fauzan Rahman
    The document discusses mechanical energy in fluid mechanics. It covers: 1) The principles of mechanical energy, including kinetic energy, potential energy, and pressure-volume work. 2) Equations for the components of mechanical energy in flowing fluids, including kinetic energy, potential energy, and pressure-volume work. 3) An energy balance equation for mechanical energy in a pipe system without friction.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 24

    Operasi Teknik Kimia I

    Mekanika Fluida

    Yuli Amalia Husnil, PhD


    PRINSIP KEKEKALAN ENERGI
    ENERGI MEKANIK
    ENERGI MEKANIK
    ENERGI KINETIK
    ENERGI MEKANIK
    ENERGI POTENSIAL
    ENERGI MEKANIK
    ENERGI kinetik dan POTENSIAL

    h
    ENERGI MEKANIK
    ENERGI kinetik dan POTENSIAL
    ENERGI MEKANIK
    ENERGI kinetik dan POTENSIAL
    ENERGI MEKANIK
    ENERGI kinetik dan POTENSIAL
    ENERGI MEKANIK
    ENERGI TEKANAN (FLOW WORK)
    ENERGI MEKANIK
    ENERGI TEKANAN (FLOW WORK)
    ENERGI MEKANIK
    KOMPONEN ENERGI PADA FLUIDA MENGALIR

    , ,

    2
    𝑚 𝑃 1 𝑣
    𝑊𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤 = 𝑃𝑉 = 𝑃 =𝑚 𝐸𝐾 = 𝑚𝑣 2 = 𝑚
    𝜌 𝜌 2 2

    𝐸𝑃 = 𝑚𝑔𝑧 = 𝑚 𝑔𝑧

    𝑃 𝑣2
    𝐸𝑚𝑒𝑐ℎ = 𝑚 + + 𝑔𝑧
    𝜌 2
    Neraca ENERGI MEKANIK
    Pipa tanpa friksi

    𝑃2
    𝑃1  𝜌2
    𝜌1  𝑧2
    𝑧1 𝜐2
    𝜐1 𝑚
    𝑚 𝑊𝑠ℎ𝑎𝑓𝑡

    𝑃1 𝑉12 𝑃2 𝑉22
    𝑚 +𝑚 + 𝑚𝑔𝑧1 + 𝑊𝑠ℎ𝑎𝑓𝑡 = 𝑚 + 𝑚 + 𝑚𝑔𝑧2
    𝜌 2 𝜌 2
    Derajat kesempurnaan
    konversi kerja mekanik
    (Wshaft, in) menjadi energi
    mekanik
    𝑚 = 𝜌𝑉 = 1 𝑘𝑔/𝐿 50 𝐿/𝑠 = 50 𝑘𝑔/𝑠

    𝑊𝑝𝑢𝑚𝑝, 𝑠ℎ𝑎𝑓𝑡 = 𝜂𝑚𝑜𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑊𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐 = 0.90 15 𝑘𝑊 = 13.5 𝑘𝑊


    𝑃2 𝑉22 𝑃1 𝑉12
    Δ𝐸𝑚𝑒𝑘, 𝑎𝑖𝑟 = 𝐸𝑚𝑒𝑘, 𝑜𝑢𝑡 − 𝐸𝑚𝑒𝑘, 𝑖𝑛 = 𝑚 + + 𝑧2 − 𝑚 + + 𝑧1
    𝜌𝑔 2𝑔 𝜌𝑔 2𝑔

    𝑧1 = 𝑧2 𝑉1 = 𝑉2

    𝑃2 − 𝑃1 300 − 100 𝑘𝑃𝑎 1 𝑘𝐽


    Δ𝐸𝑚𝑒𝑘, 𝑎𝑖𝑟 = 𝑚 = 50 𝑘𝑔/𝑠 = 10 𝑘𝑊
    𝜌 1000 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3 1 𝑘𝑃𝑎 . 𝑚3

    Δ𝐸𝑚𝑒𝑘,𝑎𝑖𝑟 10 𝑘𝑊
    𝜂𝑝𝑢𝑚𝑝 = = = 0.741 𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑢 74.1%
    𝑊𝑝𝑢𝑚𝑝,𝑠ℎ𝑎𝑓𝑡 13.5 𝑘𝑊
    𝐸 𝑚𝑒𝑘, ℎ𝑖𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑔 = 𝑊𝑝𝑢𝑚𝑝,𝑠ℎ𝑎𝑓𝑡 − Δ𝐸𝑚𝑒𝑘,𝑎𝑖𝑟 = 13.5 − 10 = 3.5 𝑘𝑊

    𝐸 𝑚𝑒𝑘, ℎ𝑖𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑔 = 𝑚𝐶𝑝Δ𝑇

    𝐸 𝑚𝑒𝑘, ℎ𝑖𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑔 3.5 𝑘𝑊


    Δ𝑇 = = = 0.017𝑜𝐶
    𝑚𝐶𝑝 50 𝑘𝑔/𝑠 4.18 𝑘𝐽/𝑘𝑔. 𝐶
    𝑜
    𝑑𝑚𝐶𝑉
    𝑚𝑖𝑛 − 𝑚𝑜𝑢𝑡 =
    𝑑𝑡

    𝑚𝑜𝑢𝑡 = 𝜌𝑉𝐴 𝑜𝑢𝑡 = 𝜌 2𝑔ℎ ⋅ 𝐴𝑙𝑢𝑏𝑎𝑛𝑔


    2
    𝜋𝐷𝑗𝑒𝑡
    • 𝐴𝑙𝑢𝑏𝑎𝑛𝑔 =
    4

    𝑚𝐶𝑉 = 𝜌𝑉 = 𝜌𝐴𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑘 ℎ
    2
    𝜋𝐷𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑘
    • 𝐴𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑘 =
    4
    𝑑 𝜌𝐴𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑘ℎ
    → −𝜌 2𝑔ℎ ⋅ 𝐴𝑙𝑢𝑏𝑎𝑛𝑔 =
    𝑑𝑡
    2 2
    𝜋𝐷𝑗𝑒𝑡 𝜌 (𝜋𝐷𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑘 )/4 𝑑ℎ
    → −𝜌 2𝑔ℎ ⋅ =
    4 𝑑𝑡
    2
    𝐷𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑘 𝑑ℎ
    → 𝑑𝑡 = − 2
    𝐷𝑗𝑒𝑡 2𝑔ℎ

    𝑡 2 ℎ2 2
    𝐷𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑘 𝑑ℎ 𝐷𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑘 ℎ2
    → 𝑑𝑡 = − 2
    =− 2
    ℎ ℎ0
    0 𝐷𝑗𝑒𝑡 2𝑔 ℎ0 ℎ 𝐷𝑗𝑒𝑡 2𝑔
    2 2
    2 ℎ0 − ℎ2 𝐷𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑘 2 4 𝑓𝑡 − 2 𝑓𝑡 3 × 12 𝑖𝑛𝑐ℎ
    →𝑡= =
    2𝑔 𝐷𝑗𝑒𝑡 2 × 32.2𝑓𝑡/𝑠2 0.5 𝑖𝑛𝑐ℎ

    → 𝑡 = 757 𝑠 = 12.6 𝑚𝑖𝑛


    𝑡 2 ℎ2 2
    𝐷𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑘 𝑑ℎ 𝐷𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑘 ℎ2
    → 𝑑𝑡 = − 2
    =− 2
    ℎ ℎ0
    0 𝐷𝑗𝑒𝑡 2𝑔 ℎ0 ℎ 𝐷𝑗𝑒𝑡 2𝑔

    2
    2 2 𝑓𝑡 − 0 𝑓𝑡 3 × 12 𝑖𝑛𝑐ℎ
    →𝑡= = 1827.06 𝑠 = 30.45 𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑖𝑡
    2 × 32.2𝑓𝑡/𝑠2 0.5 𝑖𝑛𝑐ℎ

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