CONTENTS

Chapter Title Page

I. INTRODUCTION 1-8
1.1 Status of agricultural
mechanization in India
1.2 Justification
1.3 Sprayer
1.4 Description of Agriculture Sprayers
1.5 Agricultural Sprayers
1.6 Basic Components of Sprayer

II. REVIEW OF LITERATURE 9-10

III METHODS AND METHODOLOGY 11-31

3.1 Introduction
3.2 Objectives
3.3 Types of Sprayers
3.3.1 Back pack Sprayer
3.3.2 Lite-Trac Sprayer
3.3.3 Motor Cycle Driven Sprayer
3.3.4 Quad Copter Based Sprayer
3.3.5 Drone Mounted Sprayer
3.3.6 Unmanned Aerial Sprayer
3.3.7 Solar Operated Sprayer
3.4 Attachments Of Sprayer
3.4.1 Exact Definition
 3.4.2 Weed Control
3.4.3 Effect On Other Plants
3.5 Methods Of Weed Control
3.5.1 Manually Pilling
3.5.2 Boiling water
3.5.3 Vineger
3.5.4 Mechanically Tilling Around Plants
3.5.5 Ploughing
3.5.6 Crop Rotation
3.6 Spraying Technology
3.6.1 High Volume Spraying Method
3.6.2 Low Volume Spraying Method
3.6.3 Ultra Low Spraying Method
3.6.4 Electrostatic Pesticide Spraying System
3.7 Parameters Affecting Spraying
3.7.1 Spray Drift
3.8 Drift Management

IV EXPERIMENTAL DISCUSSION 32-62

4.1 Brief Description Of Model

4.2 Working
4.3 Detailed Description
4.3.1 Reciprocating Pump
4.3.2 Connecting Link
4.3.3 Nozzle
4.3.4 Wheel
4.3.5 Crank
4.4 Design Of Agriculture Pesticide Sprayer
4.5 Cad Model Of Agriculture Pesticide Sprayer
V RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 63-65
5.1 Selection Of Reciprocating Pump
5.2 Specifications

VI SUMMARY 66-67
6.1 Advantages

6.2 Disadvantages

VII Conclusion & Reference 68-70

7.1 Conclusion

7.2 References
 LIST OF TABLES

Table Title page no.

1 Specifications of Machine 63

2 Testing Results 64
 LIST OF FIGURES

Figure Title Page

1. Back Pack Sprayer 12

2. Lite-Trac Sprayer 13
3. Motor Cycle Driven Sprayer 14
4. Aerial Sprayer 15
5. Drone Mounted Sprayer 17
6. Unmanned Aerial Sprayer 19
7. Solar Operated Sprayer 20
8. Manually Pulling 23
9. Mechanically Tilling 24
10. Ploughing 25
11. Boom Type Spraying 29
12. Practical Model 32
13. Reciprocating Pump 34
14. Connecting Link 34
15. Nozzle 35
16. Wheel 36
17. Crank 37
18. Cad Model 62
19. Working Model 68
 LIST OF SYMBOLS

% Percentage
OC Degree Celsius

Rs Indian Rupees

a.i. Active ingredient

Cc Cubic centimeter

Db Dry basis

Fed Fadden (Egyptian unit for area)

Fig. Figure

H Hour

Ha Hectare

ha/h Hectare per hour

Ha/day Hectare per day

Hp Horse Power

Kg Kilogram

Kg/h Kilogram per hour

Kg/ha Kilogram per hectare

Km Kilometer

Km/h Kilometer per hour

kN Kilo Newton

L Liter
 L/h Liter per hour

Mm Millimeter

m2 Meter square

MJ/ha Mega Joule per hectare

m/sec Meter per second

N Namibian Dollar

No. Number

US $ US Dollars

T Ton

q/ha Quintal per hectare

 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

Abstr : Abstract

Agril : Agricultural

AMA : Agricultural Mechanization in Asia Africa & Latin America

BI : Knife cum peg type blade

82 : L-shaped cross blade

63 : Circular blade

84 : Cross shape blade

cc : cubic centimeter

CD : Critical difference

CG : Chhattisgarh

CIAE : Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering

cm : centimeter

DAS : Days after sowing

db : dry basis

Dept : Department

DF : Degree of freedom

Dist : District

Dr.P.D.K. V. : Doctor Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapith

Engg : Engineering

et al. : etalibi (and others)

FAE : Faculty of Agricultural Engineering

Fig : Figure

h : hour

ha : hectare

hp : Horse power

Hz : Hertz

ICAR : Indian Council of Agricultural Research

i,e. : that is

IIT Indian Institute of Technology

ISAE : Indian Society of Agricultural Engineers

J : Journal

JNKVV : Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwavidhyalaya

kg : kilogram

km : kilometer

kW : kilowatt

L : liter

m : meter

MJ : Mega Joule

ml : milliliter

mm : millimeter

M.P. : Madhya Pradesh

M.S. : Mean square, Mild steel

N : Newton

NEH : North Eastern Hill

NS : Not significant
Pestic : Pesticide

P.I. : Performance Index

Res. : Research

RNAM : Regional Network for Agricultural Machines

rpm : revolutions per minute

s :second

Sci. : Science

SS : Sum of squares

S.V. : Source of variation

Symp. : Symposium