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CH6 Mat FDN PDF
CH6 Mat FDN PDF
Faculty of Engineering
Civil Engineering Department
CHAPTER (6)
Mat Foundation
oRectangular Footings.
oTrapezoidal Footings.
oCantilever or Strap Footings
ØA combined footing is usually used to support two columns of unequal
loads. In such a case, the resultant of the applied loads would not coincide with
the centroid of the footing, and the consequent the soil pressure would not be
uniform.
where Q1, Q2 are the loads in columns #1 and #2, and q all (net) is the net allowable
soil bearing capacity.
Step #2. Determine the location of the resultant of the column loads.
Step #3. For a uniform distribution of soil pressure under the footing, the resultant of
the column loads should pass through the centroid of the foundation. Thus,
The magnitude of L2 will be known and depends on the location of the property
line.
The width B
is then found from,
Trapezoidal Combined Footing
Trapezoidal Combined Footing:
This type of combined footing, is sometimes used as an isolated spread
foundation for a column that is required to carry a large load in a tight space.
The size of the trapezoidal footing that will generate a uniform pressure on the
soil can be found through the following procedure.
Step #1. If the net allowable soil pressure is known, determine the area of the
footing,
Step #2. Determine the location of the resultant for the column loads,
From the property of a trapezoid,
With known values of A, L, X, and L2 ,solve Eqs. to obtain B1 and B2 Note that, for
a trapezoid,
Cantilever footing- Strap beam
A strap footing is used to connect an eccentrically loaded column footing to an
interior column.
The strap is used to transmit the moment caused from an eccentricity to the
interior column footing so that a uniform soil pressure is generated beneath
both footings.
3- To ensure uniform soil pressure, the resultant force (R) should be in the center of
rectangular footing:
Example2)
Find the Dimensions of the trapezoidal combined footing for the columns A and B
that spaced 4.0m center to center, column A is 40cm x 40cm carrying dead loads of
80tons and 40tons live load and column B is 30cm x 30cm carrying 50tons dead load
and 25 tons live loads.
Solution
.
1- Find the resultant force location:
1. Spread Footings
2. Combined Footings
3. Continuous Footing
4. Mat Foundations
Mat Foundations:
Geometric and structural design of Mat
foundation:
& Geometric design (Working loads):
Common Types of Mat Foundations.
Bearing capacity of Mat Foundations:
The net allowable bearing capacity for mats constructed over granular soil deposits
can be adequately determined from the standard penetration resistance numbers.
From Eq. (5.64), for shallow foundations
For no increase in the net pressure on soil below a mat foundation, q should be
zero. Thus,
Step 2. Determine the pressure on the soil, q, below the mat at points A,B,C,…..by
using the equation
The load eccentricities, ex and ey in the x and y directions can be determined by
using (x’,y’) coordinates:
Step 3. Compare the values of the soil pressures determined in Step 2 with the net
allowable soil pressure to determine whether q < qall(net)
Step 4. Divide the mat into several strips in the x and y directions. (See Figure 6.10).
Let the width of any strip be B1
Step 5. Draw the shear, V, and the moment, M, diagrams for each individual strip
(in the x and y directions). For example, the average soil pressure of the bottom
strip in the x direction of Figure 6.10a is
Now, the modified average soil reaction becomes
Step 6. Determine the effective depth d of the mat by checking for diagonal
tension shear near various columns.
Example (6):
For the shown mat foundation:
The distances are taken from (x-y) axes shown in the figure.
2- Find the resultant force R:
5- Find M Y and M X :
Calculate the modified soil pressure under the strip ABCD which is 2m width.
* Locate the points E and F at the middle of strip edges.
* Find the stresses at E and F and be careful that we use ultimate loads:
* Find the average stress:
We have to make adjustment for the loads as follow:
Foundations on Clays
For foundations on clays,
For rectangular foundations having dimensions of B,L (for similar soil and q),
For long beams,Vesic (1961) proposed an equation for estimating subgrade
reaction, namely,