LAMPIRAN PERHITUNGAN MENGGUNAKAN DATA AKTUAL

1. Menghitung Heat Balance (Q)

a. Q pada Raw Oil (Shell Side – Cold Fluid AR & DMAR)

m = 926079.3634 lb/hr

cp = 0.6 Btu/lbo F (rata-rata data desain)

Δt = 177.365 oF

Q = m cp Δt
Q = 926079.3634 lb/hr . 0,6 Btu/lbo F . 177.3647644 oF

= 98552308.86 Btu/hr

b. Q pada Net Bottoms (Tube Side – Hot Fluid DCO)

M = 1353381.621 lb/hr

Cp = 0.619 Btu/lb oF

Δt = 161.890 oF

Q = m cp Δt
Q = 1353381.621 lb/hr . 0.619 Btu/lb oF . 131,4 oF

= 135610838.8 Btu/hr

2. Menghitung ΔT LMTD

Hot fluid Cold fluid Differences

622.591 High 479.941 142.650

temperature Δt1
460.701 Low temperature 302.576 158.126 Δt2
 161.890 Differences 177.365 -15.475
Δt1-Δt2

(Δt1− Δt2)
LMTD = Δt1
ln ( )
Δt2

−15.475
LMTD = 142.650
ln ( )
158.126

LMTD =150.255 oF
T1 – T2 161.890
𝑅= = = 0.913
t2−t1 177.365

t2−t1 177.365
𝑆 = T1−t1 = 320.015 =0.554

FT = 0.85 (Kern, hal 828 fig 18)

Δt = LMTD x FT

= 150.255 oF x 0,85

= 127.716 oF

3. Menghitung Temperature Caloric

𝛥𝑡𝑐 158.125
=142.650 = 1.108
∆𝑡ℎ

Dari kern hal 827 fig. 17 di dapat nilai kc= 0,46 Fc= 0,35
Tc = T2 + Fc (T1 – T2)

= 460.700+ 0.5375 (622.590-460.701)

= 213.363 oF

tc = t1 + Fc (t2 – t1)

= 479.941+ 0.5375 (479.940-302.5760)

= 397.909 oF
 Evaluasi Perpindahan Panas (Rd)
Bagian Shell (Raw Oil) Fluida Dingin Bagian Tube (Net Bottom) Fluida Panas
ID = 1520 mm = 59.843 in Number of tube = 1490
Baffle Space 21,65 in Length = 5000 mm = 16.4042 ft
Passes = 1 OD = 25,4 mm = 1 in
c’ = PT – OD Tube = 1,25 ft – 1 ft = 0,25 BWG = 12
ft Pitch = 31,75 mm = 1,25 in Passes = 4

4. Flow Area 4. Flow Area

ID x c′′ x B α’ t = 0,479 in2
αs = 144 x PT
Nt x α’ t
59.842 x 0,25 ′ x 15,748
αt = 144 x n
αs = 144 x 1,25 1490 x 0,479 in2
αt =
αs = 1.799 ft2 144 x 4

α t = 1.2390 ft2

5. Mass Velocity 5. Mass Velocity

W
W Gt = αt
Gs = αs
1353381.621lb/hr
926079.3634 lb/hr Gt =
Gs = 0,1497 ft2
1,799 ft2
lb
lb Gt = 1092247.29hr .ft2
Gs = 514651.1304 hr .ft 2

6. Reynold Number 6. Reynold Number

2,42lb/ft hr
2,42lb/ft hr µ= 0.5169 cP x
µ= 2.203cP x 1 cP
1 cP
lb
lb µ= 1.2509ft.hr (kern, fig. 4)
µ= 5.331ft.hr (kern, fig. 4)

De = 0,99in = 0,0825 ft(kern, fig. 28)

(𝐷𝑒 𝑥 𝐺𝑠 ) D = 0,782 in = 0,0651 ft (kern, table 10)
Res = µ D x Gt
Ret =
𝑙𝑏 µ
(0,0825𝑓𝑡 𝑥 514651.1304 )
ℎ𝑟.𝑓𝑡2
Res = lb 0,0651 ft x 1092247.29
lb
5.331 hr .ft2
ft.hr Ret = lb
1.2509
ft.hr
Res =7963.0400
Ret =137699.0917
7. Mencari Faktor Panas (jH) 7. Mencari Faktor Panas (jH)
(Kern, hal 838 Fig. 28) (Kern, hal 838 Fig. 28)
jH =48 Btu/ hr. ft2 . oF 𝐿 16.40419948 𝑓𝑡
= = 251.7268462
𝐷 0.065166667 𝑓𝑡

jH = 350 Btu/ hr. ft2 . oF

8. Mencari (Pr)1/3
8. Mencari (Pr)1/3
Pada 𝑡𝑐 = 397.909 oF
Pada 𝑇𝑐 = 213.363 oF
o
k = 0.0655 btu/hr.ft. F
k = 0.05863btu/hr.ft. oF
o
cp = 0.7 btu/lb F
cp = 0.613 btu/lboF
lb
µ= 5.3319 ft.hr lb
µ= 0.5169ft.hr

𝑐𝑝 𝑥µ 1/3
(Pr)1/3 = ( ) (𝑐𝑝 𝑥 µ)1/3
𝑘 (Pr)1/3 = 𝑘
btu 𝑙𝑏 1/3
0.7 o 𝑥13,508 btu 𝑙𝑏 1/3
lb F 𝑓𝑡 ℎ𝑟 0.613 𝑥0.5169
(Pr)1/3 = ( ) lbo F 𝑓𝑡 ℎ𝑟
0.0655
𝑏𝑡𝑢 (Pr)1/3 = ( 𝑏𝑡𝑢 )
ℎ𝑟 𝑓𝑡𝑜 𝐹 0,05863
ℎ𝑟 𝑓𝑡𝑜 𝐹
(Pr)1/3 = 3.8392
(Pr)1/3 = 1.7552

9. mencari ho
9. mencari hio
jH x k
ho = x Pr1/3 x ϕs jH x k
𝐷𝑒 hi = x Pr1/3 x ϕt
𝐷
btu 𝑏𝑡𝑢
ho 48 x 0.0655 btu 𝑏𝑡𝑢
hr.ft2 o F ℎ𝑟 𝑓𝑡𝑜 𝐹 350 x 0.05863
= x 3.8392 hi hr.ft2 o F ℎ𝑟 𝑓𝑡𝑜 𝐹
ϕs 0,0825 𝑓𝑡 = x 1.7552
ϕt 0,0651 𝑓𝑡
ho
=146.309 hi
ϕs =552.707
ϕt

10. Tube-wall Temperature

ℎ𝑜
ϕs
tw = tc + ℎ𝑖𝑜 ℎ𝑜 (𝑇𝑐 − 𝑡𝑐 )
+
ϕ𝑡 ϕ𝑠
 146.3093043
tw = 397.909 oF + 432.2173546+146.3093043 (149.807)𝐹

tw = 435.795 oF

11. Pada tw 11. Pada tw =

µw = 0.721cP µw = 0.516 cP
=1.744 lb/ft hr =0.6800 lb/ft hr
(Kern, hal 821- 823 fig. 14) (Kern, hal 821- 823 fig. 14)
ϕs = ((µ)/(µ𝑤))0,14 ϕt = ((µ)/(µ𝑤))0,14
= (5.33191/1.744)0,14 = (0.5169/0.6800)0,14
btu btu
=1.3232 = 𝟎. 𝟗𝟔𝟐𝟑 hr ft2 F
hr ft2 F
12. Corrected Coefficient 12. Corrected Coefficient
hio
ho =
ho
x ϕs hio = x ϕt
ϕs ϕt

= 146.3093 x 1.3232 = 432.2173x 0.9623

btu btu
= 193.6080 hr.ft2 oF = 415.9371hr.ft2 o F

13. Clean overall coefficient (Uc)

ho x hio
Uc =
ho+ hio
415.9371 x 193.6080
=
415.9371+193.6080
btu
= 132.112914 hr.ft2 o F
14. Dirt overall coefficient (Ud)

a’’ = 0,2618 ft2/lin.ft (Kern, hal 843 tabel 10)

A = N. L . a’’

= 4 x 16.4042 ft x 0,2618 ft2/lin.ft

= 6398.98294 ft2
Q
Ud =
A x ∆t
btu
98552308.86
hr
=
6398.98294ft2 o x 127.7164292 o F
btu
=120.5893 hr.ft2 o F

15. Mencari Rd
Uc−Ud
Rd =
Uc x Ud
132.112914 −120.5893
=
132.112914 x 120.5893
= 0.000723321

16. Mencari ΔPt

a. Shell :

Berdasarkan nilai Res, dari Fig. 29, didapatkan nilai f = 0.0014 ft2/in.

Berdasarkan fig 6, didapatkan nilai s = 0.81

De dari perhitungan = 0,0825 ft

b. Tube :

Berdasarkan nilai Ret, dari Fig. 26, didapatkan nilai f = 0.00018 ft2/in2
Berdasarkan Data Desain, didapatkan nilai s = 0.879365578
b. Perhitungan N+1 pada shell

N + 1 = 12 L / B

= 12 x (16.4041

/21.65)

= 9.0923

c. Perhitungan ∆𝑃𝑡 pada tube

f x Gt2 x L x n
∆Pt = 5,22 x 1010 x D x s x ϕt

0.00018x 1353381.6212 x 16.40419948 x 4

∆Pt =
5,22 x 1010 x 0.065167 x0.879365578 x 0.962333239

= 7.5151 Psi

d. Perhitungan pada ΔPs pada shell

f x Gs 2 x De x (N + 1)
∆Ps =
5,22 x 1010 x De x s x ϕs

0.0014 x 926079.363402 x4.98687664x (9.0923)

∆Ps =
5,22 x 1010 x 0.0825 x 0.81 x 1.323279462

=11.79425243 Psi

e. Perhitungan pada ΔPr pada tube

𝑉2
Dari Fig. 27, berdasarkan nilai Gt, didapatkan 2𝑔 = 0.002607964

4n V 2
∆Pr =
s 2g

= 0.0474 Psi
 f. Perhitungan pada ΔPT pada tube

∆𝑃𝑇 = ∆𝑃𝑡 + ∆𝑃𝑟

= ( 7.5151 + 0.0474 ) Psi

= 7.5625 Psi

17. Menghitung efisiensi

Qshell
Efisiensi = 𝑥 100%
Qtube

98552308.86
= 𝑥 100%
135610838.8

= 72.67%