Chapter 2
Types of Assessment Brief Description
1.Traditional Focus on learners’ ability of
memorization and recall
2.Authentic Focuses on the analytical and
creative thinking skills
3.Formative Provides feedback on the
effectiveness of teaching and
learning process
4.Summative Serves as evaluative function
at the end of the unit or term
5.Norm-referenced Describes student
performance in the class by
comparing to others
6.Criteron-referenced Describes students’ mastery
of the course content, thus,
there is no competition for a
limited percentage for a high
score
7.Contextualized It uses performance-based
tasks which are authentic in
nature
8.Decontextualized Focuses on the declarative
knowledge and/or procedural
knowledge an artificial
situations detached from the
real world context
9.Analytic Refers to specific approach in
the assessment of learning
outcomes
10.Holistic Refers to a global approach in
the assessment of a student-
learning outcome
Advantages and Classroom Application
Disadvantages
Has a lower level of cognition Paper and pencil tests,
skills quizzes
Students are able to use the Conducting an experiment
acquired knowledge and skills
in the real world
Determine and improve Quizzes, demonstration,
student’ learning outcomes project
Provides evidences of Long tests, exam, essays,
students’ level of projects
achievement
Gives information on what exhibits
the student can perform by
comparing to another
student
Describes performance of the Demonstration, reporting
students without reference
to the performance of others
which uses preset criteria and
absolute standard or
outcomes
Measures skills and Theater play, film-making
knowledge in dealing with
specific situations or perform
specific tasks which the
students have identified as
important and meaningful to
them
Measures skills and Term papers. Book reports
knowledge in dealing with
specific situations or perform
specific tasks which the
students have identified as
important and meaningful to
them
Students are given feedback Speech, group presentation
on how well they are doing
on each important aspect of
specific task expected from
them
Students are competent to Reflection papers, journals,
handle assessment tasks peer assessment, self -
accurately assessment
Analytic Rubric for Oral Presentation: An Interpretative Reading
Category 4 3 2 1
Characterization Voice, facial Voice, facial Voice, facial Voice, facial
expressions and expressions and expressions and expressions and
body language body language body language body language
clearly often contribute sometimes rarely contribute
contribute to to the selected contribute to to the selected
the selected character the selected character
character character
Preparedness Student is Student seems The student is Student does
completely pretty prepared somewhat not seem at all
prepared and but might have prepared, but it prepared to
has obviously needed a couple is clear that present
rehearsed more rehearsal rehearsal was
lacking
Speaks clearly Speaks clearly Speaks clearly Speaks clearly Often mumbles
and distinctly all and distinctly and distinctly or cannot be
(100-95%) the most (100-95%)) most (94-85%) understood or
time, but of the time, but of the time and mispronounces
mispronounces mispronounces mispronounces more than one
one word one word no more than word
word
Volume Volume is loud Volume is loud Volume is loud Volume often
enough to be enough to be enough to be too soft to be
heard by all heard by all heard by all heard by all
audience, audience audience audience
members at members at members at members
least 90% of the least 90% of the least 80% of the
time time time

Examples of Artifacts for Portfolios by Subject Area

Language Arts Mathematics Science Social Studies

Favorite poems, Solution to an Prediction based on Presentation of a
songs, letters open-ended prior experience view of society
question
Finished samples of Graphs, histograms Data tables Written
different writing descriptions of
genres: persuasive, different cultures,
letters, poetry, institutions,
information, stories professions
Finished writings Geometric shapes Concept maps Discussion of
drawn from other equality, justice,
subject areas democracy
freedom, rights and
other large social
concepts
Literature Examples of Drawing to scale Drawings of
extensions: scripts perimeter, area, artifacts
for drama, visiual cubic space
arts, webs, charts,
timelines, murals
Audiotape of Problems made up Graphs, inferences, timelines
readings by student to conclusions based
display a concept on data
Notes from Models, photo Diagrams, charts, Examples of
individual reading showing use of interpretation of constitutions and
and research manipulatives trends civic responsibilities
Writing responses Written discussion Written discussion Position paper of a
that illustrate of mathematical of science concepts social issue
concepts
critical and creative
thinking
Writing responses Statistical Inquiry designs Investigation of a
to literacy manipulation of social issue
components: plot, data
setting, point, of
view, character
development, links
to life, theme
criticism
Items with Description of Science- Family shield and
evidence of style, mathematical technology-society explanations of
organization, voice, concepts found in connections symbols
clarity the physical world
Evidence of effort- Paper showing Example of science Proposal to
first drafts, second correction to misconception that respond to a social
drafts, finished mathematical is corrected problem
drafts errors